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À²ÀåÀº "±³´Ü °èÀ²ÀÇ ±¤ÁÖ¸®"¶ó´Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº À² ȤÀº °èÀ²ÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ ¿øº»À» ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â ±¤ÁÖ¸®¶ó´Â ÀǹÌÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °èÀ²°ú ±ÔÁ¤, Áï ºÒ±³ ½Â´ÜÀÇ ¾È³»´Â ¹°·Ð ºñ±¸¿Í ºñ±¸´ÏÀÇ ÀÏ»ó»ýÈ°ÀÇ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ãʱ⿡ º×´Ù ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÀÚ±â Á¾±³ÀÇ ÁøÀü°ú ¹ßÀüÀ» À§ÇØ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °èÀ²°ú ±ÔÁ¤À» µµÀÔÇß´Ù. À²ÀåÀº ÁÖ·Î µµ´öÀû ½ÇõÀ» ´Ù·é´Ù. µµ´öÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀÎ ½Ç¶ó(sila Ìü)´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ °èÀ²À» À§ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤, ½Â´Ü ÀÔ´ÜÀ» À§ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤, Á¤±âÀûÀÎ ÁËÀÇ °í¹éÀ» À§ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤, éëÑ¢ µ¿¾ÈÀÇ »ýÈ°, ÁÖ°Å, ÀǺ¹, ÀǾàÀÇ Ã³¹æÀ» À§ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤ ¹× ½Â´Ü¿¡¼­ ºÐÀïÀÌ ÀϾÀ» ¶§¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¹ý·üÀû ÀýÂ÷¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. À²ÀåÀº ºÒ±³ ±³´Ü°ú ½Â´Ü¿¡¼­ ºÒ±³ ½Â·Á¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À̲ø¾îÁø »ýÈ°°ú °ü·ÃµÈ Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÚ·á¶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.[2]

È÷¶óÄ«¿Í ¾ÆÅ°¶ó(øÁô¹óà)´Â "ÀÏ°ö °¡Áö ¿ÏÀüÇÑ À²ÀåÀÌ ÇöÁ¸ÇÑ´Ù"¶ó°í Çß´Ù.[3] Æȸ®¾î·Î ¾º¾îÁø »óÁºΠÀ²Àå ¿Ü¿¡ ±Ùº»¼³ÀÏüÀ¯ºÎÀÇ Æ¼º£Æ®¾îæ» À²Àå, 5Á¾ÀÇ ùÓæ» À²ÀåÀÌ ÇöÁ¸ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸î¸î »ê½ºÅ©¸®Æ®(ÛïåÞ) À²Àå ¹®ÇåÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù.

ùÓæ»ëÏíúÀ¸·Î¼­ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÎÆëÏÀº ´ë·« ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö°¡ Á¾·ù°¡ ÀüÇØÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù.[4]

1. ÞÌÝÂëÏ(Caturvarga Vinaya) 60±Ç ÝÖöíå­Þì(Buddhayasas)æ» ¡¦¡¦ ÛöíúÝ»ÀÇ °èÀ²
2. çéÝÂëÏ(Pancavarga Vinaya) 30±Ç ÝÖöíä§(Buddhajiva ÊÆúç)æ» ¡¦¡¦ ûùò¢Ý»ÀÇ °èÀ²
3. ä¨áéëÏ(Dasadhyaya Vinaya) 61±Ç ÝÖå´ÒýÔþ¡¤Ôþä§ Íìæ» ¡¦¡¦ àãìéôîêóÝ»ÀÇ °èÀ²
4. ؤʸã¬Ñ¶ëÏ(Mahasamghika Vinaya) 40±Ç ÝÖöíÛ¢öíÔþ¡¤Ûöúé Íìæ» ¡¦¡¦ ÓÞñëÝ»ÀÇ °èÀ²
5. ÐÆÜâàãìéôîêóÝ»ÝòÑÕå­(Mulasarvastivada Vinaya) 50±Ç ëùïäæ» ¡¦¡¦ êóÝ»ÀÇ °èÀ²

ÀÌ ¿Ü¿¡µµ õçÝÖÒ·ÀÌ ¹ø¿ªÇÑ ÝòÑÕå­(Vinaya-nidana sutra or -katha) 10±ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±¤À²ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ºñ±¸°è»ÓÀÌ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸· ±Ùº»¼³ÀÏüÀ¯ºÎºñ³ª¾ß¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ³× °¡Áö À²ÀåÀ» ÞÌÎÆëÏÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÑÆí ÇÑ¿ªÀ²Àå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ñÉá´ ÞÌÝÂëÏ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ñÉà·ÇÑ çéÝ»°¡ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.

1. ÝòÒùÙ½Ìè(Vinaya-matrika-sastra)[5] 8±Ç ã÷æ»
2. ß±÷èÒýÝ»ÝòÒùؤÔð×ÍÊ¡(Sarvastivada-nikaya vinaya-matrika) 10±Ç êåáä ã¬Ê¡Û¢Ø¤æ»
3. ß±÷èÒýÝòÒùÝò÷èÞÞ(Sarvastivada vinaya-vibhasa) 9±Ç ã÷æ»
4. à¼Ì¸ëÏÝò÷èÞÞ(Samantapasadika) 18±Ç âÜðº ã¬Ê¡Û¢Ø¤æ»
5. ëÏì£ä¨ì£Ù¥èçÖå(Vinaya-dvavimsati-prasannartha sastra) 1±Ç Ý×öíÒýÔþÒýðã òæ òØôôæ»

ÀÌ ¿ÀºÎ¸¦ çéÖåÀ̶ó ÇÏ¿© ¾Õ¿¡ ¿­°ÅÇÑ ÞÌÎÆëÏ°ú ÇÔ²² ÞÌëÏçéÖåÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ¿© ×ÈùÊÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ á¡îðÀ¸·Î ²ÅÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù.

Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº Å©°Ô ¼ýµûºñ¹æ°¡(Suttavibhanga ÌèÝÂܬ), Ä­´Ù±î(Khandhaka ËíÓø), ºü¸®¿Í¶ó(Parivāra ݾâË)ÀÇ ¼¼ °¡Áö ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ù°, °æºÐº°[6]Àº À²ÀåÀÇ º»¹® °ñÀÚÀÎ ðÉÙþ(Sikkhapada ùÊô¥) Áï ºü¶ì¸ñÄ«(patimokkha ÌüÜâ ȤÀº ÌüÌè)¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ¼º¸³ÀÇ ì×æÞ, ðÉÙþí®Ï£ÀÇ Çؼ®, Á¶¹®ÀÇ ê¡éÄ ãùÖÇ µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. °æºÐº°Àº ºñ±¸°è¸¦ ¼³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÓÞÝÂܬ(Maha-vibhanga)°ú ºñ±¸´Ï°è¸¦ ¼³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÝïÎøÒùÝÂܬ(Bhikkhuni- vibhanga)·Î ±¸º°µÈ´Ù. °æºÐº°À» ÷îÔþì¨(Parajika)¿Í ÷îìïð«(Pacittiya)ÀÇ µÑ·Î ³ª´©±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù.[7] Æȸ®À²ÀåÀÇ ºñ±¸°è´Â 227°èÀÌ°í ºñ±¸´Ï°è´Â 311°èÀÌ´Ù.[8] µÑ°, °Çµµ´Â øºù¡ Áï íñ(Chapter)ÀÇ ¶æÀÌ´Ù. ±³´ÜÀÇ Á¦µµ¿Í ±ÔÁ¤À» ø¹ ȤÀº íñÀ¸·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. °Çµµ´Â ´Ù½Ã ÓÞù¡(Mahavagga)°ú á³ù¡(Cullavagga)ÀÇ ì£Ý»·Î ³ª´©¾îÁö´Âµ¥, ´ëÇ°Àº 10ÆíÀÌ°í ¼ÒÇ°Àº 12ÆíÀÌ´Ù. ¼ÒÇ°ÀÇ 11Æí°ú 12ÆíÀº Á¦1°áÁý°ú Á¦2°áÁý¿¡ °üÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ´Ù. ¼Â°, ºÎ¼ö´Â ¾ÕÀÇ °æºÐº°°ú °Çµµ¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íÇÑ »çÇ×À» ºÐ·ùÇÏ°í ¿ä¾à Á¤¸®ÇÑ ÜÍë¶øºÀÌ´Ù. ºÎ¼ö´Â ¾ÕÀÇ °æºÐº°°ú °Çµµº¸´Ù ÈÄ´ë¿¡ ¼º¸³µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

±×·±µ¥ Æȸ®¼ºÀüÇùȸ(Pali Text Society: PTS)¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇàÇÑ ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº °Çµµ, °æºÐº°, ºÎ¼öÀÇ ¼øÀ¸·Î ÆíÂùµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº µ¶ÀÏÀÇ Ç츣¸¸ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©(Hermann Oldenberg, 1854-1920)°¡ À²ÀåÀ» ÆíÂùÇϸ鼭 °ÇµµºÎºÐ Áï Mahavagga(ÓÞù¡)ºÎÅÍ ¸ÕÀú ÆíÂùÇ߱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº Ç츣¸¸ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©°¡ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¿©·¯ ì¶ÜâÀ» ´ëÁ¶ ±³Á¤ÇÏ¿© 1879ºÎÅÍ 1883³â±îÁö 5³â¿¡ °ÉÃÄ Àü 5±ÇÀ» ÍëÊÊÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Æí¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

Vol.I. The Mahavagga (London: PTS, 1879).
Vol.II. The Cullavagga (London: PTS, 1880).
Vol.III. The Suttavibhanga, First Part (London: PTS, 1881).
Vol.IX. The Suttavibhanga, Second Part (London: PTS, 1882)
Vol.V. The Parivara (London: PTS, 1883).

ÇÑÆí Àεµ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ºñÇϸ£(Bihar)ñ¶´Â µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸® Æȸ®»ïÀåÃâÆǺÎ(Devanagari Tipitaka Publication Department)¿¡ À§ÀÓÇÏ¿© µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸® ¹®ÀÚ(Devanagari scrips) Æȸ®»ïÀåÀ» ÃÑ 40±Ç °¢±Ç 400ÆäÀÌÁö·Î 1956³â ÃâÆÇÇß´Ù. ÀÌ µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸® ¹®ÀÚ Æȸ®»ïÀå(Pali Tipitaka in Devanagari script)Àº ³× °¡Áö ÆǺ»(Roman, Sinhalese, Burmese, Siamese characters)À» ±âÃÊ·Î ÆíÂùµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸® ¹®ÀÚ(Devanagari scrips) Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²Àå°ú ¶È°°ÀÌ ¨çMahāvagga(ÓÞù¡), ¨èCullavagga(á³ù¡), ¨éPārajika(÷îÔþì¨), ¨êPācittiya(÷îìïð«) ¨ëParivāra(ݾâË) ¼øÀ¸·Î Æí¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ À²ÀåÀº ƯÈ÷ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©ÀÇ ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀ» î¼ÜâÀ¸·Î »ï¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.[9] ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Æí¼ºÀº ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íÇÑ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀÇ Ã¼Àç°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.

Ä¥´õ½º(R.C. Childers)´Â "À²ÀåÀº Parajikam, Pacittiyam, Mahavagga, Cullavagga, Parivaro¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀÌ ºÙÀº °¢°¢ÀÇ ´Ù¼¸ ±ÇÀÇ Ã¥À¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù"[10]°í Çß´Ù.

1. °æºÐº°(ÌèÝÂܬ, Sutta-vibhanga)

°æºÐº°Àº À²ÀåÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀ¸·Î¼­ ÌüÜâ(Patimokkha)ÀÇ °¢ Á¶Ç×°ú ±× ¼º¸³ÀÇ ì×æÞ ðÉÙþí®Ï£ÀÇ Çؼ®°ú ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ðÉÙþê¡éÄÀÇ ½Ç·Ê µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, ºñ±¸ÀÇ 227Ìü¸¦ ¼³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÓÞÝÂܬ(Maha-vibhanga)°ú ºñ±¸´Ï 311Ìü¸¦ ¼³ÇÏ´Â ÝïÎøÒùÝÂܬ(Bhikkhuni-vibhanga)·Î ±¸º°µÈ´Ù.

ÌèÝÂܬÀº Ìè(sutta)ÀÇ ¼³¸í ȤÀº Çؼ®À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. »ê½ºÅ©¸®Æ®(¹ü¾î) 'sutra'¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â 'sutta'¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î´Â '½Ç(thread)'¸¦ ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Ã¥ÀÇ ¸ñÂ÷°¡ ¿äÁö³ª ³»¿ëÀ» ¼ö·ÏÇÏ´Â ½Ç, ±×°Í°ú °°±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ã¥ÀÇ ÇÑ Á¾·ù·Î ÀÀ¿ëµÇ¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ã¥ÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â ºÒ±³Èï±â Á÷Àü°ú Á÷ÈÄ º£´Ù ¹®Çå¿¡¼­ ÃÖ½ÅÀÇ ¹ß¸íÇ°À̾ú´Ù. ºÒ±³µµµéÀº ¹ý¹® ȤÀº ü¥ð¹¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â ´Ü¾î¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. °æºÐº°Àº ³ª¿­µÈ Áú¹®¿¡¼­ ù°·Î °³°³ÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ¾ðÁ¦ ±×¸®°í ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯¿¡¼­Àΰ¡¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

´ëºÐº°[ÝïÎøÝÂܬ]ÀÇ 227Ìü´Â ÞÌ÷îÔþì¨(Parajikā), ä¨ß²ã¬íÑ(Samghadisesa), ì£ÜôïÒ(Aniyata), ß²ä¨Þ×öå(Nissagiya-pacittiya), Îúä¨ì£÷îìïð«(Pacittiya), ÞÌ÷îÔþð«ð«ÞìÒù(Patidesaniya), öÒä¨çéñëùÊ(Sekhiya), öÒØþîµ(Abhikarana-samatha)ÀÇ 8°¡Áö·Î ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.

ºñ±¸´ÏºÐº°ÀÇ 311Ìü´Â ø¢÷îÔþì¨(Parajika), ä¨öÒã¬íÑ(Samghadisesa), ß²ä¨Þ×öå(Nissagiya-pacittiya), ÛÝë»ä¨ë»÷îìïð«(Pacittiya), ø¢÷îÔþð«ð«ÞìÒù(Patidesaniya), öÒä¨çéñëùÊ(Sekhiya), öÒØþîµ(Abhikarana-samatha)ÀÇ 7°¡Áö·Î ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.

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¿©¼¸ ¹ø°´Â üâΦÛö 4Á¶(ºñ±¸´Ï´Â 8Á¶)ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¹Þ¾Æ¼­´Â ¾ÈµÇ´Â À½½Ä¹°À» ¹Þ¾Æ¸ÔÀº °æ¿ìÀÇ Á˷μ­ °¡º­¿î ÁËÀÌ´Ù.

ÀÏ°ö ¹ø°´Â ñëùÊÛö 75Á¶ ³»Áö 107Á¶(ºñ±¸´Ïµµ ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀÓ)ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °É½Ä¡¤¼³¹ý µîÀÇ ú¼ëðíÂÛöÀ» ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ±ÔÁ¤À» ¾î°åÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ¸¶À½¼ÓÀ¸·Î ÂüȸÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ Á˸¦ 'äÂíÂ(dukkaʍa ÔÍÑÎÔþ)'À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ À̷κÎÅÍ 'äÂàã'À̶ó´Â Á˸¦ ±¸ºÐÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.

¿©´ü ¹ø°´Â ØþîµÛö 7Á¶(ºñ±¸´Ïµµ ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀÓ)ÀÌ´Ù. ½Â°¡¿¡ ½Î¿òÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁ³À» ¶§¿¡´Â ½Â°¡ÀÇ ò±ÞÀºñ±¸´Â ½Â°¡ÀÇ ±ÔÄ¢(áèÞÀ¸¦ î®ïÒÇÏ´Â °¥¸¶ 8Á¾)À» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© ½Î¿òÀ» ¸»·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀ» À§¹ÝÇÏ¸é ¾ÇÀÛÀÇ Á˸¦ ¹üÇÑ °ÍÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹Ù¶óÀÌ¡¤½ÂÀÜ¡¤¹ÙÀÏÁ¦¡¤È¸°ú¡¤µ¹±æ¶ó¸¦ 'çéø¹ñª'¶ó Çϸç, ¿©±â¿¡ Åõ¶õÂ÷¿Í ¾Ç¼³À» ´õÇÑ °ÍÀ» 'öÒö©ñª'¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀÌ»ó, ¹Ù¶óÁ¦¸ñÂ÷ÀÇ Á¶¹®Àº Æȸ®À²¿¡¼­´Â 227Á¶(ºñ±¸´Ï´Â 311Á¶), »çºÐÀ²¿¡¼­´Â 250Á¶(ºñ±¸´Ï´Â 348Á¶)ÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ À²¿¡¼­´Â ðÉÀÇ â¦¿¡ ¾à°£ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.[11]±×·¯³ª ¹Ù¶óÀÌ¡¤½ÂÀÜ¡¤»çŸ¡¤ÆÄÀÏÁ¦ µî Áß¿äÇÑ Á¶¹®¿¡ À־´Â ¿©·¯ °¡Áö À²µéÀÌ ÇÕÄ¡ÇÏ°í À־ À̰͵éÀÌ ÃʱâºÒ±³½Ã´ëºÎÅÍ È®Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» ¸»ÇØÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù.[12]

2. °Çµµ( Khandhaka)

°Çµµ¶ó´Â °ÍÀº øºù¡ÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î øºÀ» ³ª´©¾î¼­ ±³´ÜÀÇ Á¦µµ¿Í ±ÔÁ¤, Çà»ç µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç °æºÐº°ÀÇ ÜÍ붷ΠÇؼ³ÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀ» ÓÞù¡(Mah¤±vagga) á³ù¡(Cullavagga)ÀÇ ì£Ý»·Î ³ª´«´Ù. ´ëÇ°Àº 10Æí, ¼ÒÇ°Àº 12Æí ÃÑ°è 22ÀåÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀº ¼ø¼­´ë·Î Àß Á¤µ·µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×°Í°ú ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀº ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÆÄÀÇ À²Àå¿¡¼­µµ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù.

1) ´ëÇ°(ÓÞù¡ Mahavagga): 10Æí

(1) Mahakhandhaka(áôÌüø¹, ´ë°Çµµ¶ó°íµµ ÇÔ): õóÊ« ìýÓ¥Ûö, Áï ºñ±¸°è¸¦ ¹Þ°í Ãâ°¡ÇÑ ½Â´ÜÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ ¹ý±Ô·Î áôÌüÀÇ ¹æ¹ý, áôÌüíºÀÇ ÀÚ°Ý, â£ÌüíºÀÇ ÀÚ°Ý, ãæõóÊ«íºÀÇ ýºëÀÛö µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(2) Uposathakkhandhaka(øÖß±ø¹): ¸Å¿ù 8ÀÏ 14ÀÏ 15ÀÏ 3ȸ ÎçÏ¡ã¬ÀÌ ÀüºÎ ÁýÇÕÇؼ­ ¹Ù¶óÁ¦¸ñÂ÷¸¦ Àаí(µ¶¼ÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº 15Àϸ¸) ¼ö¾çÇÏ´Â Æ÷»ìÀÇ ¹æ¹ý, ÀÌ°Í¿¡ °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ͣϡàãïÒÛö µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(3) Vassnpanayikakhandhaka(äÌËÜø¹): ¸Å³â éëÑ¢ 3°³¿ù ñëã¬ÀÌ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ °Åó¿¡ ÁýÇÕ ïÒñ¬ÇÏ¿© ¼ö¾çÇÏ´Â ¾È°ÅÀÇ Û°Ð®¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(4) Pavaranakkhandhaka(í»í°ø¹): ¸Å³â ¾È°Å°¡ ³¡³ª´Â ³¯, Áï 7¿ù 15ÀÏ È¤Àº 8¿ù 15ÀÏ¿¡ Áß½ÂÀÌ ¼­·Î ¾È°Å µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ÇàÀ§¿¡ °üÇØ °ß¹®ÇÑ ¹Ù¸¦ Ãæ°íÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(5) Cammakkhandhaka(ù«úÔø¹): ºñ±¸°¡ ÇÇÇõÁ¦Ç°À» ¼ÒÁö »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ý, Çǹý ¹× ÇÇ¿øÀÇ Áö¹æ¿¡¼­ÀÇ °èÀ²»óÀÇ Æ¯·Ê¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(6) Bhesajjakkhandhaka(å·ð¥ø¹): ºñ±¸ÀÇ ½Ä¹° ¾à µî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦±Ô¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(7) Kathinakkhandhaka(°¡Ä¡³ªÀÇÆí): ¾È°Å µ¿¾È Á¤Áø¿¡ Èû¾´ ºñ±¸¿¡°Ô ±ÔÁ¤µÈ ß²ëý¸¦ Áö¾îÁÙ µ¿¾È¿¡ Áִ Ưº°ÇÑ ÀǺ¹ÀÎ °¡Ä¡³ªÀÇ¿¡ °üÇؼ­ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(8) Civarakkhandhaka(Ûöëýø¹): ºñ±¸ÀÇ ÀǺ¹¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤À» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(9) Campeyyakkhandhaka(ô×÷îø¹): ÝÖÀÌ ÓÅ÷î¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ÁË ¾ø´Â ºñ±¸¸¦ ã¬ñëÀÌ ÁË°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÆÇ°áÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ½ÂÁßÀÌ ÇàÇÏ´Â °¥¸¶ÀÇ Á¾·ùÀÇ À¯È¿ ¹«È¿¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(10) Kosambakakkhandhaka(Ϭ晢Ú¯ø¹): ±¸¼¶´ÏÀÇ ÇÑ ºñ±¸ÀÇ À¯ÁË ¹«ÁË¿¡ °üÇØ ã¬ñë Áß¿¡ ì¶ÖåÀÌ »ý±ä ÈÄ¿¡ Á¶Á¤µÈ °ÍÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.

2) ¼ÒÇ°(á³ù¡ Cullavagga): 12Æí

(1) Kammakkhandhaka(°¥¸¶Æí): ºÒ¹ýÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹úÀ» ΤÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý, Á˸¦ ¸éÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(2) Parivasikakkhandhaka(ܬñ¬ø¹): ã¬íÑñª¸¦ ¹üÇÑ ºñ±¸°¡ ¹Þ´Â ÇüÀΠܬñ¬ ë»å¨Ø¤Ñáö並 ÇàÇÏ´Â ºñ±¸ÀÇ ã÷Ïí¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(3) Samuccayakkhandhaka(ñªó¢ø¹): ÀüÆí¿¡ °è¼ÓµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º°ÁÖ, À°¾ß¸¶³ªÅ¸Çü¿¡ °üÇØ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(4) Samathakkhandhaka(Øþîµø¹): ½Â´Ü Áß¿¡ ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ºÐÀïÀ» ÁøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â 7Á¾·ùÀÇ ¹ýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(5) Khuddakavatthukkhandhaka(á³ÞÀø¹): ºñ±¸ÀÇ ÀǽÄÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀÇ íÚæÞ°ú á³Ð®ïÒÀ» Çѵ¥ ¸ðÀº °Í.
(6) Senasanakkhandhaka(ñ¦èÂô¥ø¹): ºñ±¸ÀÇ ñ¬ËÜ ñ¦Îý µî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ð¤Ð®¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(7) Sanghabhedakakkandhaka(÷òã¬ø¹): ð«÷è¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ½Â´ÜÀÇ ºÐ¿­ »ç°ÇÀ» Áø¼úÇÏ¿© ÷òã¬ÀÇ ëòëù, ÷òã¬íºÀÇ ñªÜà µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(8) Vattakkhandhaka(Ûöø¹): ºñ±¸ÀÇ ÀÏ»ó»ýÈ°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ íÂÛöÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(9) Patimokkhatthapanakkhandhaka(ó´ø¹): Æ÷»ìÇÒ ¶§ ÛóÌü ºñ±¸¿¡°Ô æêà¬À» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(10) Bhikkhunikkhandhaka(ÝïÎøÒùø¹): ºñ±¸´Ï¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤À» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(11) Pancasatikakhandhaka(çéÛÝìÑ(Ì¿ó¢)ø¹): ÝÖØþý­ èÝÞìàò¿¡¼­ ÇàÇÏ¿©Áø Á¦1°áÁýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
(12) Sattasatikakkhandhaka(öÒÛÝìÑ(Ì¿ó¢)ø¹): ÝÖØþý­ ÛÝÒ´À» Áö³ª ÝòÞì×î¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁø Á¦2°áÁý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.

3. ºÎ¼ö(ݾâË Parivara)

ºÎ¼ö´Â ºÎ·ÏÀ̸ç 19íñÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, ¾ÕÀÇ å»Ý»¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íµÈ °ÍÀ» Á¶Á÷ÇÏ°í ºÐ·ùÇÑ Ëµé©îÜ ñÉà·Ý»·Î ±× ¼º¸³µµ ¾ÕÀÇ ì£íºº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ³ªÁßÀÌ´Ù. Ä«³ªÀÌ ¶ö ÇÏÃ÷¶ó´Â "ºÎ¼ö´Â ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÆÄÀÇ À²Àå¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ »óÁºÎÀÇ ¼ºÀü¿¡ Ãß°¡µÇ¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °æºÐº°°ú °ÇµµÀÇ ÆíÀç¿Í ³»¿ëÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÆÄÀÇ À²Àå¿¡¼­µµ ¹ß°ßµÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ À̰͵éÀº ±Ùº»ºÐ¿­ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¼º¸³µÇ¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù"¶ó°í º¸¾Ò´Ù. À̻󿡼­ ³íÀÇÇÑ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀÇ ±¸Á¶¸¦ µµÇ¥·Î Ç¥±âÇÏ¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

Vinaya Pitaka

1. Suttavibhanga ÌèÝÂܬ

  1) Mahavibhanga ÓÞÝÂܬ=ÝïÎøÝÂܬ: 227 Ìü
    (1) Parajika ÷îÔþì¨Ûö ¡¦¡¦ 4 Ìü
    (2) Sanghadisesa ã¬íÑÛö ¡¦¡¦ 13 Ìü
    (3) Aniyata ÜôïÒÛö ¡¦¡¦ 2 Ìü
    (4) Nissaggiya pacittiya Þ×öåÛö ¡¦¡¦ 30 Ìü
    (5) Pacittiya ÷îìïð«Ûö ¡¦¡¦ 92 Ìü
    (6) Patidesaniya ð«ÞìÒùÛö ¡¦¡¦ 4 Ìü
    (7) Sekhiya ñëùÊÛö ¡¦¡¦ 75 Ìü
    (8) Adhikaranasamatha ØþîµÛö ¡¦¡¦ 7 Ìü

  2) Bhikkhuni-vibhanga ÝïÎøÒùÝÂܬ: 311 Ìü
    (1) Parajika ÷îÔþì¨Ûö ¡¦¡¦ 8 Ìü
    (2) Sanghadisesa ã¬íÑÛö ¡¦¡¦ 17 Ìü
    (3) Nissaggiya pacittiya Þ×öåÛö ¡¦¡¦ 30 Ìü
    (4) Pacittiya ÷îìïð«Ûö ¡¦¡¦ 166 Ìü
    (5) Patidesaniya ð«ÞìÒùÛö ¡¦¡¦ 8 Ìü
    (6) Sekhiya ñëùÊÛö ¡¦¡¦ 75 Ìü
    (7) Adhikaranasamatha ØþîµÛö ¡¦¡¦ 7 Ìü

2. Khandhaka °Çµµ

  1) Mahavagga ÓÞù¡
    (1) Maha-khandhaka Óްǵµ
    (2) Uposatha-khandhaka øÖß±°Çµµ
    (3) Vassupanayika-khandhaka ìýéëäÌËܰǵµ
    (4) Pavaran-khandhaka í»í°°Çµµ
    (5) Camma-khandhaka ù«ú԰ǵµ
    (6) Bhesajja-khandhaka 巰ǵµ
    (7) Kathina-khandhaka °¡Ä¡³ªÀǰǵµ
    (8) Civara-khandhaka ëý°Çµµ
    (9) Campeyya-khandhaka ô×÷î(÷ÆÄ)°Çµµ
    (10) Kosambaka-khandhaka ±¸¼¶¹Ì°Çµµ 

  2) Cullavagga á³ù¡
    (1) Kamma-Khandhaka °¥¸¶°Çµµ
    (2) Parivasika-Khandhaka ܬñ¬°Çµµ
    (3) Samuccaya-Khandhaka ó¢°Çµµ(º¹Àå)
    (4) Samatha-Khandhaka Øþǵµ
    (5) Khuddakavatthu-Khandhaka á³ÞÀ°Çµµ(Àâ»ç)
    (6) Senasana-Khandhaka èÂñ¦Îý°Çµµ(¹æ»ç)
    (7) Sanghabhedaka-Khandhaka ÷ò㬰ǵµ
    (8) Vatta-Khandhaka ëðÛö°Çµµ(¹ý)
    (9) Patimokkhatthapana-Khandhaka ó´àãÌü°Çµµ(Â÷Æ÷»ì)
    (10) Bhikkhuni-Khandhaka ÝïÎøÒù°Çµµ
    (11) Pancasatika-Khandhaka çéÛÝ[Ì¿ó¢]°Çµµ(¿À¹éÀÎ)
    (12) Sattasatika-Khandhaka öÒÛÝ[Ì¿ó¢]°Çµµ(Ä¥¹éÀÎ)

3. Parivara ݾâË

ëÏíúÀÇ ÊÊú¼ ¹× Ûèæ»

Æȸ®»ïÀå °¡¿îµ¥ À²ÀåÀÇ °£Çà°ú ¹ø¿ª¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â ´ë·« ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

©ç Roman character: ed. Hermann Oldenberg, London: Pali Text Society, 1879-1883.
©è Sinhalese character: ed. Rev. Telwatte Shri Aryawansa Swami, 1913;ed. Bentota Saddhatissa thera, 1922.
©é Siamese character: ed. Mahamakuta Government Publication, 1926.
©ê Burmese character: Chatthasangayana Publication, 1956.
©ë Devanagari character: General ed. Bhikkhu J. Kashyap, Pali Publication Board(Bihar Government), 1956.
©ì Cambodian scripts:[13]

µ¶ÀÏÀÇ Ç츣¸¸ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©(Hermann Oldenberg)°¡ ÆíÂùÇÑ ·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²ÀåÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©¿Í ¸®½º µ¥À̺ñ½º(Rhys Davids, 1823-1922)¿Í ÇÔ²² Æȸ® À²Àå Áß ÀϺθ¦ ¿µ¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÏ¿© ÔÔÛ°á¡ßö(Sacred Books of the East: SBE)¿¡¼­ ÃâÆÇÇß´Ù. Á¦1±ÇÀº µ¿¹æ¼º¼­ Á¦13±Ç(1881), Á¦2±ÇÀº µ¿¹æ¼º¼­ 17±Ç(1882), Á¦3±ÇÀº µ¿¹æ¼º¼­ Á¦20±Ç¿¡ ¼ö·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ø¿ªº»Àº ³ªÁß¿¡ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ Æȸ®¼ºÀüÇùȸ(Pali Text Society: PTS)¿¡¼­ ´Ù½Ã ÃâÆǵǾú´Ù. µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸®(Devanāgarī scrips) À²ÀåÀº ³× °¡Áö ÆǺ», Áï Roman, Sinhalese, Burmese, Siamese characters ÷úÀ» ±âÃÊ·Î ÆíÂùÇÏ¿© 1956³â ÃâÆÇÇß´Ù.

·Î¸¶ÀÚ Æȸ®À²Àå°ú ±× ¹ø¿ªº»

¢Ã Pali Texts

Vinaya Pitaka. ed. Hermann Oldenberg.

Vol.¥°. The Mahavagga (London: PTS, 1879).
Vol.¥±. The Cullavagga (London: PTS, 1880).
Vol.¥². The Suttavibhanga, First Part (London: PTS, 1881).
Vol.¥³. The Suttavibhanga, Second Part (London: PTS, 1882)
Vol.¥´. The Parivara (London: PTS, 1883).

¢Ã Translated Texts

The Books of the Discipline. Tr. I. B. Horner.

Vol.¥°. Suttavibhanga (London: PTS, 1938).
Vol.¥±. Suttavibhanga (London: PTS, 1940).
Vol.¥². Suttavibhanga (London: PTS, 1942).
Vol.¥³. Mahavagga (London: PTS, 1951)
Vol.¥´. Cullavagga (London: PTS, 1952).
Vol.¥µ. Parivara (London: PTS, 1966).

Vinaya Texts. Tr. T. W. Rhys Davids & H. Oldenberg.

Vol.¥°. Patimokkha (London: SBE, 1881; Delhi, 1968).
Vol.¥±. Mahavagga (London: SBE, 1882; Delhi, 1968).
Vol.¥². Cullavagga (London: SBE, 1885; Delhi, 1969).

The Patimokkha, being the Buddhist Office of the Confession of Preists. Tr. J. F. Dickson (London: 1975).
The Patimokkha. Tr. Nanamoli (Bangkok, 1966, 1969).
Buddhism in Translations. Tr. Henry Clarke Warren (Harvard University, 1896; New York, 1972). Includes Mahavagga I,1,6,21,23,63; II,1; III,1; IV,1; VI,34. Cullavagga V,6; VI,1; X.1.
Buddhist Scriptures. Tr. E. J. Thomas (London, 1913). Includes "The First Preaching" (Mahavagga I,6,10) and "The Fire Discourse" (Mahavagga I,21).
The Road to Nirvana. Tr. E. J. Thomas (London, 1950). Includes "The First Preaching" (Mahavagga I,6,10) & the "Sermon on the Marks of Non-Self" (Mahavagga I,6).
Comparative Arrangements of two Translations of the Buddhist Ritual for the Priesthood, known as the Pratimoksha or Patimokkha. Tr. S. Beal and D. J. Gogerly (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1862).

Notes:

1) ÙÎïßÛÆ, <Ìü×ÈÖå> (¼­¿ï: µ¿±¹´ë ºÎ¼³ µ¿±¹¿ª°æ¿ø, 1988), p.39. [Return to Text]
2) Kanai Lal Hazra, Pali Language and Literature, (New Delhi: D. K. Printworld(P) Ltd, 1994), Vol.¥°, p. 357. [Return to Text]
3) Ibid, p. 357. [Return to Text]
4) ÙÎïßÛÆ, <Ìü×ÈÖå>, pp.18-34 ÂüÁ¶. [Return to Text]
5) ÝòÒùÙ½ÌèÀ» ÝòÒùÙ½ÒÕÀ̶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. Ù½ÌèÀ̶õ ¹ü¾îÀÇ ¸¶¶ß¸®±î(matrika)·Î ú¼Ù½ ¶Ç´Â ÒÕÙ½¶ó ÇÏ¸ç ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¸ð¾Æ¼­ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¸íÈ®È÷ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î À̸¥¹Ù ÒÕÀÇ Ü¬Ù£ÀÌ´Ù. ëÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ñÉà·ÇÏ´Â ÒÕà·À̹ǷΠÝòÒùÙ½ÌèÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÙÎïßÛÆ, ¾ÕÀÇ Ã¥, p.29. [Return to Text]
6) °æºÐº°ÀÇ °æÀ̶õ ºñ±¸³ª ºñ±¸´ÏÀÇ Þªú¼¿¡ °üÇÑ ±Ý°èÀÇ Á¶¹®À» ¸ðÀº ¹Ù¶óÁ¦¸ñÂ÷¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ºñ±¸¿¡°Ô´Â 200¿©, ºñ±¸´Ï¿¡°Ô´Â 300¿©Á¶ÀÇ ±Ý°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. °èÀÇ Á¶¹®¸¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ð¤ÌüÀÇ Àο¬°ú ¹üÇßÀ» ¶§ ÁË°¡ µÇ´Â °æ¿ì¿Í µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì µîÀ» »ó¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇØ ³õ¾Ò´Ù. [Return to Text]
7) ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ Á»´õ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ³íÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. [Return to Text]
8) ºñ±¸°è¿Í ºñ±¸´Ï°èÀÇ ¼ö´Â °¢ À²Àå¿¡ µû¶ó °¢±â ´Ù¸£´Ù. ÈçÈ÷ ºñ±¸ 250°è ºñ±¸´Ï 500°è¶ó°í ¸»ÇØÁø´Ù. ºñ±¸´Ï°¡ ºñ±¸º¸´Ù 2¹è°¡ ´õ ¸¹Àº °Íó·³ ¸»ÇØÁö´Âµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±ØÁßÁËÀÎ ¹Ù¶óÀ̹ýÀÌ ºñ±¸´Â 4°èÀÌ°í ºñ±¸´Ï´Â 8°è¶ó´Â »ç½Ç¿¡¼­ ±×·¸°Ô À¯ÃßµÈ °ÍÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. ÷é××ëÏ°ú °¡Àå Àß ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÞÌÝÂëÏ°ú çéÝÂëÏÀÌ´Ù. »çºÐÀ²ÀÇ ÌüðÉÀÇ ¼ö´Â ºñ±¸ 250°è ºñ±¸´Ï 348°èÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑÆí ÑÑÔÔü¤ ¹Ú»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ Àú¼­ <ê«ã·ÝÖÎçÞÖßÌ> (¼­¿ï: à¾Ùþõó÷úÞä, 1983), pp.281-282¿¡¼­ '³²ÀüÀº ºñ±¸ 227°è, ºñ±¸´Ï 305°èÀÌ´Ù'¶ó°í ¼³¸í¹®°ú ÇÔ²² µµÇ¥·Î Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ°ÍÀº À߸øµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶² Âø¿À¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ½Ç¼öÀÎ °Í °°´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÙÎïßÛÆ, <Ìü×ÈÖå> Á¦IIIÆí öÒñëÀÇ Ìü×È(pp.105-136)Àº ±èµ¿È­, À§ÀÇ Ã¥, pp.276-309¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ ¾øÀÌ ±×´ë·Î ¿Å°Ü ³õ¾Ò´Ù. [Return to Text]
9) µ¥¹Ù³ª°¡¸® À²ÀåÀ» ÆíÂùÇÑ ºòÄí Á¦ÀÌ ±î¼¥(Bhikkhu J. Kashyap)Àº Mahavagga(ÓÞù¡)ÀÇ ú°ð¹¿¡¼­ ¿Ãµ§º£¸£Å©°¡ ÆíÂùÇÑ ·Î¸¶ÀÚ À²ÀåÀ» Àúº»À¸·Î »ï¾Ò´Ù°í ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. General ed. Bhikkhu J. Kashyap, The Mahavagga (Pali Publication Board, Bihar Government, 1956), Introduction, VIII. [Return to Text]
10) "The Vinaya Pitaka consists of five books, entitled respectively, Parajikam, Pacittiyam, Mahavagga, Cullavagga, Parivaro." R.C. Childers, A Dictionary of the Pali Language(=DPL) (London: Trubner, 1875; New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, 1993), p.575. [Return to Text]
11) ¹Ù¶óÁ¦¸ñÂ÷ÀÇ ðÉÙþÀÇ ¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â øÁô¹óà, <ëÏíúªÎæÚϼ> ¼ÒÈ­ 35³â, p.430 ÀÌÇÏ ÂüÁ¶. [Return to Text]
12) øÁô¹óà îÊ¡¤ì°ûÇÐÆ æ», <ìÔÓøÝÖÎçÀÇ ÕöÞÈ> (ß¾) (¼­¿ï: ¹ÎÁ·»ç, 1989), pp.85-87. [Return to Text]
13) įº¸µð¾Æ ¹®ÀÚÆÇ Æȸ®»ïÀåÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÇÊÀÚ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ Á÷Á¢ ´«À¸·Î È®ÀÎÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. [Return to Text]