¹ý±¸°æ(ÛöÏ£Ìè Dhammapada)


¶óµåÇÏÅ©¸®½´³­(S. Radhakrishnan) çÈæ» ¡¤ ßïÌØ⪠æ»


ÀÌ ÀÚ·á´Â ¶óµåÇÏÅ©¸®½´³­ çÈæ», ßïÌØâªæ», <ÛöÏ£Ìè: È÷¸»¶ó¾ßÀÇ ÁöÇý> (¼­¿ï: È«¹ý¿ø, 1966)¸¦ Æȸ®¹®Ç忬±¸¼Ò¿¡¼­ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ðµç ºÒ±³µµµé°ú ³×ƼÁðµé¿¡°Ô ÆíÀǸ¦ Á¦°øÇϱâ À§ÇÔÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´©±¸µçÁö ÀÌ ÀڷḦ ÇÁ¸°Æ®Çϰųª ´Ù¿î·Îµå ÇÏ¿© °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÍÇÏ°Ô È°¿ëÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »çÀÌÆ®·Î ¿Å±â°Å³ª °¡Á®°¡¼­ º¯Çü½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀº Àý´ë Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. -Æȸ®¹®Ç忬±¸¼Ò-



1. ´ë±¸(ÓßÏ£)ÀÇ Àå
THE TWIN-VERSES


1

(The mental) natures* are the result of what we have thought, are chieftained by our thoughts, are made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with an evil thought, sorrow follows him (as a consequence) even as the wheel follows the foot of the drawer (i.e. the ox which draws the cart). [Note: Mental nature´Â dharma(Ûï) dhamma(÷é)ÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀÌ´Ù. dharma¿Í °°Àº ÒýëùåÞµµ µå¹°´Ù. ùÛæ»Àº ¸¶À½.]

¸ðµç °ÍÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸¶À½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Ô°í, ¸¶À½Àº ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ¾Õ¼±´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸¶À½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ³ª»Û ¸¶À½À» °¡Áö°í ¸»Çϰųª ÇൿÇÏ¸é ±× µÚ¿¡´Â ½½ÇÄÀÌ µû¶ó¿À±â ¸¶·Ã. ¼ö·¹¹ÙÄû°¡ ¸¶ºÎÀÇ µÚ¸¦ µû¸£µíÀÌ.

2

(The mental) natures are the result of what we have thought, are chieftained by our thoughts, are made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with a pure thought, happiness follows him (in consequence) like a shadow that never leaves him.

¸ðµç °ÍÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸¶À½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Ô°í, ¸¶À½Àº ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ¾Õ¼±´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸¶À½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ûÁ¤ÇÑ ¸¶À½À» °¡Áö°í ¸»Çϰųª ÇൿÇϸé ÇູÀÌ ±×¸¦ ¶°³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸®¶ó. ¸¶Ä¡ ±×¸²ÀÚ°¡ ¸öÀ» ¶°³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â °Íó·³.

3

'He abused me, he struck me, he overcame me, he robbed me' -- in those who harbour such thoughts hatred will never cease.

'±×´Â ³ª¸¦ Çæ¶â¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¸¦ ¶§·È´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¸¦ ÀÌ°å´Ù. ±×´Â ³ªÀÇ °ÍÀ» ÈÉÃÆ´Ù.' ÀÌ °°Àº »ý°¢ÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â ¹Ì¿òÀº °¡¶ó¾ÉÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸®¶ó.

4

'He abused me, he struck me, he overcame me, he robbed me' -in those who do not harbour such thoughts hatred will cease.

'±×´Â ³ª¸¦ Çæ¶â¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¸¦ ¶§·È´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¸¦ ÀÌ°å´Ù. ±×´Â ³ªÀÇ °ÍÀ» ÈÉÃÆ´Ù.' ÀÌ °°Àº »ý°¢ÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÌ¿¡°Ô¼­ ¹Ì¿òÀº °¡¶ó¾ÉÀ¸¸®¶ó.

5

Not at any time are enmities appeased here through enmity but they are appeased through non-enmity. This is the eternal law.

¹Ì¿òÀº ¹Ì¿ò¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ Ç®¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¹Ì¿òÀº ¹Ì¿òÀÌ ¾øÀ» ¶§¿¡¸¸ Ç®¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿µ¿øÇÑ Áø¸®.

6

Some (Who are not learned) do not know that we must all come to an end here*; but those who know this, their dissensions cease at once by their knowledge. [Note: We must all come to an end here´Â ê«Ùþ´ë·Î çÈæ»Çϸé We must go into the presence of Yama. (¿ì¸®´Â ¿°¶ó´ë¿Õ ¾ÕÀ¸·Î °¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)]

»ç¶÷µéÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿©±â (ÀÌ ¼¼»ó)¼­ °ßµð¾î ³ª¾Æ°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ð¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¸ðµç ´ÙÅùÀº °ð »ç¶óÁö¸®¶ó.

7

As the wind throws down a tree of little strength so indeed does Mara (the tempter) overthrow him who lives looking for pleasures, uncontrolled in his senses, immoderate in eating, indolent, and of low vitality.

Äè¶ô¸¸À» ÂѾƴٴϸ鼭 ¿À°üÀÇ ¿å±¸¸¦ ¸·Áö ¸øÇÏ°í °ÔÀ¸¸£¸ç, À½½ÄÀ» ÀýÁ¦ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í Àú¼ÓÇÑ »ýÈ°À» ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷À» ¾Ç¸¶´Â ½±°Ô ³Ñ¾î¶ß¸°´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ¿¬¾àÇÑ ³ª¹«¸¦ ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ³Ñ¾î¶ß¸®µíÀÌ.

8

As the wind does not throw down a rocky mountain, so Mara indeed does not overthrow him who lives unmindful of pleasures, well controlled in his senses, moderate in eating, full of faith (in the Buddha, the low, and the Sa?gha or community), and of high vitality.

Äè¶ô¿¡´Â ÇÑ´«µµ ÆÈÁö ¾Ê°í ¿À°üÀÇ ¿å±¸¸¦ Àß ¸·À¸¸é¼­ À½½ÄÀ» ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ°í, ±»Àº ½Å¾ÓÀ» Áö´Ñ »ç¶÷Àº ¾Ç¸¶µµ ¾îÂîÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ¹ÙÀ§»êÀ» ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ¾îÂîÇÒ ¼ö ¾øµíÀÌ.

9

He who will wear the yellow robe without having cleansed himself from impurity, who is devoid of truth and self-control, is not deserving of the yellow robe.* [Note: Yellow robeÀÇ ê«åÞ´Â Kasava. KasavaÀÇ ê«ëù´Â impurity. ùÛæ»Àº ´©´õ±â °°Àº °Í.]

Áø¸®¿¡¼­ ¸Ö¾îÁö°í, Àڱ⸦ À̱âÁö ¸øÇÏ°í, ¶Ç ±ú²ýÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¿©ÀÇÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº °¡»ç(Ȳ»ö ¿Ê) ÀÔÀ» ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÀÚÀÌ´Ù.

10

But he who puts away depravity, is well grounded in all virtues, and is possessed of self-restraint and truth is indeed worthy of the yellow robe.

±×·¯³ª ±ú²ýÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¹ö¸®°í ¿Â°® ´öÇàÀ» ½×°í ±Ø±â¿Í Áø¸®¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº °¡»ç ÀÔÀ» ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

11

They who imagine truth in untruth and see untruth in truth, never arrive at truth but follow vain imaginings (desires).

Áø½Ç ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ» Áø½ÇÀ̶ó »ý°¢ÇÏ°í, Áø½ÇÀ» Áø½Ç ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸´Â »ç¶÷Àº, Áø½ÇÀ» ¸ð¸£°í ºÎÁú¾øÀÌ ¸Á»ó¸¸À» µû¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù.

12

But they who know truth as truth and untruth as untruth arrive at truth and follow right desires.

±×·¯³ª Áø½ÇÀ» Áø½ÇÀÎ ÁÙ ¾Ë°í, Áø½Ç ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ» Áø½Ç ¾Æ´Ñ ÁÙ ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷Àº, Áø¸®¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°í ¹Ù¸¥ »ý°¢À» µû¸£¸®¶ó.

13

As rain breaks through an ill-thatched house, so passion makes its way into an unreflecting mind.

Çã¼úÇÏ°Ô ÁöºØÀ» ÀÌ´Â Áý¿¡ ºñ°¡ »õµíÀÌ, ±»°Ô ¼ö·ÃµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¸¶À½¿¡ Ž¿åÀº ½º¸çµç´Ù.

14

As rain does not break through a well-thatched house, so passion does not make its way into a reflecting mind.

ÁöºØÀÌ Àß µ¤ÀÎ Áý¿¡ ºñ°¡ »õÁö ¾ÊµíÀÌ ±»°Ô ¼ö·ÃµÈ ¸¶À½¿¡´Â Ž¿åÀÌ ½º¸çµéÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

15

The evil-doer grieves in this world, he grieves in the next; he grieves in both. He grieves, he is afflicted, seeing the evil of his own actions.

ÁËÀÎÀº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±Ù½ÉÇÏ°í ³»»ý¿¡µµ ±Ù½ÉÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â µÎ »ý¿¡¼­ ±Ù½ÉÇÏ°í ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±¸Áú±¸ÁúÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ º¸¸é¼­ --.

16

The righteous man rejoices in this world, he rejoices in the next; he rejoices in both. He rejoices and becomes delighted seeing the purity of his own actions.

¼±ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±â»µÇÏ°í ³»»ý¿¡µµ ±â»µÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â µÎ »ý¿¡¼­ ±â»µÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã»Á¤ÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ º¸°í Áñ°Å¿öÇÑ´Ù.

17

The evil-doer suffers in this world, he suffers in the next; he suffers in both. He suffers (thinking) 'evil has been done by me'. He suffers even more when he has gone to the evil place.

ÁËÀÎÀº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±«·Î¿öÇÏ°í ³»»ý¿¡µµ ±«·Î¿öÇÏ°í, µÎ »ý¿¡¼­ ´Ù ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â 'ÁË°¡ ³ª·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù'°í ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁø ´ÙÀ½ ´õ¿í´õ ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù.

18

The righteous man rejoices in this world, he rejoices in the next; he rejoices in both. He rejoices (thinking) 'good has been done by me'. He rejoices still more when he has gone to the good place.

¼±ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±â»µÇÏ°í ³»»ý¿¡µµ ±â»µÇÏ°í, µÎ »ý¿¡¼­ ´Ù ±â»µÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â '¼±ÀÌ ³ª·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù'°í ±â»µÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ÁÁÀº °÷À¸·Î °£ ´ÙÀ½ ´õ¿í´õ ±â»µÇÑ´Ù.

19

Even if he recites a large number of scriptural texts but, being slothful, does not act accordingly, he is like a cowherd counting the cows of others, he has no share in religious life.

¸¹Àº °æÀüÀ» ¿Ü¿ì°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼­µµ ±×´ë·Î ½ÇõÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÔÀ¸¸¥ ÀÚ´Â, ³²ÀÇ ¼Ò¸¸ ¼¼°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ñÀÚ(ÙÌíº)ÀÏ »Ó Á¾±³ÀÎÀº ¸øµÈ´Ù.

20

Even if he recites only a small number, if he is one who acts rightly in accordance with the law, he, having forsaken passion, hatred, and folly, being possessed of true knowledge and serenity of mind, being free from worldly desires both in this world and the next, has a share in the religious life.* [Note: The Buddha's teaching is a way of life, not a way of talking.]

ºñ·Ï °æÀüÀº Á¶±Ý ¿Ü¿ü´õ¶óµµ Áø¸®¿¡ »ì°í Áø¸®¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ÀÖ°í, Ž¿å°ú ¹Ì¿ò°ú ¹«Áö¸¦ ¹ö¸®°í ¿ÇÀº Áö½Ä°ú ¸¶À½ÀÇ Æò¾ÈÀ» ¾ò°í, ÀÌ »ý¿¡µµ ³»»ý¿¡µµ ¾ô¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷Àº Á¾±³ÀÎÀÌ´Ù.

2. ±Ù¸é(ÐÃØõ)ÀÇ Àå
VIGILANCE


21

Vigilance* is the abode of eternal life,* thoughtlessness is the abode of death. Those who are vigilant (who are given to reflection) do not die. The thoughtless are as if dead already. [Note: VigilanceÀÇ ê«åÞ appamada. It is thoughtfulness, reflective attitude which is the root of all other virtues. Eternal lifeÀÇ ¿ø¾î amatam: skt. amrtam, deathless. This gives the negative side of nirvana which positively is the highest spiritual freedom.]

°ÔÀ¸¸£Áö ¾ÊÀ½Àº ¿µ¿øÇÑ »îÀÇ ÁýÀÌ¿ä, °ÔÀ¸¸§Àº Á×À½ÀÇ ÁýÀÌ´Ù. °ÔÀ¸¸§À» ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷Àº Á×À½µµ ¸ð¸¦ °ÍÀÌ°í, °ÔÀ¸¸¥ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ¹Ì Á×À½¿¡ À̸¥ °Å³ª ¸¶Âù°¡Áö´Ù.

22

The wise who have clearly understood this reflectiveness delight in reflectiveness and rejoice in the knowledge of the Aryas. [Note: Aryas: the noble, the elect.]

ÀÌ °°Àº »ý°¢À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÀÌÇØÇÑ ÇöÀÚ(úçíº)´Â ÀÌ »ý°¢À» ±â»µÇÏ°í ¼ºÀÎµÈ ÁöÇý¸¦ Áñ±â¸®¶ó.

23

These wise ones, meditative,* persevering, always putting forth strenuous effort attain to nirvana, the highest freedom and happiness. [Note: Meditative: ê«åÞ jhanam: skt. dhyanam. intense concentration leading to serenity of mind which is an anticipation of nirvana.]

»ý°¢ÀÌ ±í°í ÂüÀ»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ°í Ç×»ó Èû½á ¾Ö¾²´Â »ç¶÷Àº, °¡Àå ³ôÀº ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ÇູÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¿­¹Ý¿¡ À̸¥´Ù.

24

If a person in reflective, if he rouses himself, if he is evermindful, if his deeds are pure, if he acts with consideration, if he is self-restrained and lives according to law, his glory will increase.

¹Ý¼ºÇÒ ÁÙ ¾Ë°í, Á¶½ÉÇÏ¿© È°µ¿Çϸ鼭, ±× ÇàÀ§°¡ ¸¼°í Áø¸®´ë·Î »ì¾Æ°¡´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¿µ±¤Àº ´õ¿í ºû³ª´Â °Í.

25

The wise man, by rousing himself, by vigilance, by restraint, by control, may make for himself an island which the flood cannot overwhelm.

ºÎÁö·±ÇÏ°í È°µ¿Çϸ鼭, ±íÀº »ý°¢°ú ÀÚÁ¦(í»ð¤)·Î½á, ÇöÀÚ´Â È«¼ö¿¡µµ ¹Ð·Á³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼¶À» ½×´Â´Ù.

26

Fools, men of inferior intelligence, fall into sloth; the wise man guards his vigilance as his best treasure.

ÁöÇý°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â °ÔÀ¸¸§¿¡ ºüÁø´Ù. (±×·¯³ª) ÇöÀÚ´Â ºÎÁö·±ÇÔÀ» ±ÍÁßÇÑ Àç»êó·³ ÁöÄÑ ³ª°£´Ù.

27

Give not yourselves over to sloth or to the intimacy with lust and sensual pleasures. He who meditates with earnestness attains great joy.

°ÔÀ¸¸§°ú Äè¶ô°ú Á¤¿å¿¡ ¸öÀ» °¡±îÀÌ Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ÁøÁöÇÏ°í »ç·Á ±íÀº »ç¶÷Àº º¸´Ù Å« ±â»Ý¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ´Ù.

28

When the wise man drives away sloth by strenuous effort, climbing the high tower of wisdom, he gazes sorrowless on the sorrowing crowd below. The wise person gazes on the fools even as one on the mountain peak gazes upon the dwellers on the plain (below).

ÇöÀÚ°¡ Èû½á Á¤ÁøÇÏ¿© °ÔÀ¸¸§À» ³»ÂÑ°í ÁöÇýÀÇ ³ôÀº ž¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó°¬À» ¶§, ±×´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ½½Çĵµ ¾øÀÌ ½½ÆÛÇÏ´Â ¹«¸®µéÀ» ³»·Á´Ùº»´Ù. »êºÀ¿ì¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¶¥ À§¿¡ »ç´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ³»·Á´Ùº¸µí ÇöÀÚ´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº ¹«¸®µéÀ» ±×·¸°Ô ³»·Á´Ùº»´Ù.

29

Earnest among the slothful, awake among the sleepy, the wise man advances even as a racehorse does, leaving behind the hack.

°ÔÀ¸¸¥ ¹«¸® °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ºÎÁö·±ÇÏ°í ÀáÀÚ´Â ¹«¸® °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Â ÇöÀÚ´Â, °æÁÖ¿¡¼­ ¸»ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¸»µéÀ» ¾ÕÁú·¯ ´Þ¸®µíÀÌ ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°£´Ù.

30

By vigilance did Indra* rise to the lordship of the gods. People praise vigilance; thoughtlessness is always deprecated. [Note: Indra: becomes in Buddhism and archangel.]

ºÎÁö·±ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á 'Àεå¶ó'½ÅÀº ¸ðµç ½Å °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº °ÔÀ¸¸£Áö ¾ÊÀ½À» Âù¹ÌÇÏ°í °ÔÀ¸¸§À» ¾ðÁ¦³ª ºñ³­ÇÑ´Ù.

31

A mendicant who delights in vigilance, who looks with fear on thoughtlessness (who sees danger in it), moves about like a fire consuming every bond, small or large.

ºÎÁö·±ÇÔÀ» Áñ±â°í °ÔÀ¸¸§À» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ´Â ¼öÇàÀÎÀº Å©°í ÀÛÀº ¸ðµç ¹ø³ú¸¦ Å¿ö¹ö¸°´Ù. ºÒÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Å¿ö¹ö¸®µíÀÌ.

32

A mendicant who delights in vigilance, who looks with fear on thoughtlessness, cannot fall away (from his perfect state) (but) is close to nirvana.

ºÎÁö·±ÇÔÀ» Áñ±â°í °ÔÀ¸¸§À» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ´Â ¼öÇàÀÎÀº ¹°·¯³²ÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ¿­¹Ý¿¡ ´Ù°¡¼±´Ù.

3. ¸¶À½ÀÇ Àå
THOUGHT


33

Just as a fletcher makes straight his arrow, the wise man makes straight his trembling, unsteady thought which is difficult to guard and difficult to hole back (restrain). [Note: Mind in Indian thought, Hindu and Buddhist, is said to be fickle and difficult to control, but by training it can become stable and obedient.]

¸¶À½Àº Èçµé¸®°í ºÒ¾ÈÇÏ¿© ¾ïÁ¦Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇöÀÚ´Â ¸¶À½À» °ð°Ô °®´Â´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ È° ¸¸µå´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ È­»ìÀ» °ð°Ô ¸¸µéµíÀÌ.

34

Even as a fish taken from his watery home and thrown on the dry ground (moves about restlessly), this thought quivers all over in order to escape the dominion of Mara (the tempter or Death).

(°Å¹°¿¡ °É·Á) ¹°¹Û¿¡ ´øÁ®Áø ¹°°í±âó·³, ÀÌ ¸¶À½Àº ¾Ç¸¶ÀÇ ²ÒÀÓ¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª·Á°í ÆĴڰŸ°´Ù.

35

The control of thought, which is difficult to restrain, fickle, which wanders at will, is good; a tamed mind is the bearer of happiness.

ÀÚÁ¦Çϱ⠾î·Æ°í °¡º­¿ö¼­ ¸¶À½´ë·Î Çì¸Å´Â ¸¶À½À» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº ÈǸ¢ÇÏ´Ù. ¾ïÁ¦µÈ ¸¶À½Àº ÇູÀÇ º¸±ÝÀÚ¸®.

36

Let the wise man guard his thought, which is difficult to perceive, which is extremely subtle, which wanders at will. Thought which is well guarded is the bearer of happiness.

´«À¸·Î º¸±â ¾î·Æ°í ¶Ç ¾ÆÁÖ ¼¶¼¼ÇÏ°í, ¸¶À½´ë·Î Çì¸Å´Â ¸¶À½À» ÇöÀÚ´Â ÁöÄѶó. Àß ÁöÄÑÁø ¸¶À½Àº ÇູÀÇ º¸±ÝÀÚ¸®.

37

They who will restrain their thought, which travels far, alone, incorporeal, seated in the cave (of the heart), will be freed from the fetters of death.

¸Õ ±æÀ» Ȧ·Î °¡¸ç, ¸ð¾çµµ ¾ø´Â ¸¶À½À» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº Á×À½ÀÇ ±¼·¹¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª¸®¶ó.

38

If a man's thought is unsteady, if it does not know the true law, if the serenity of mind is troubled, (in him) wisdom is not perfected.

¸¶À½ÀÌ ¾ÈÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í, Áø¸®¸¦ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ°í, ¸¶À½ÀÇ °í¿ä°¡ ±úÁø »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÁöÇý´Â ¿Ï¼ºµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

39

There is no fear for him whose thought is untroubled (by faults), whose thought is unagitated, who has ceased to think of good and evil, who is awake (watchful, vigilant).

¸¶À½¿¡ °ÆÁ¤ÀÌ ¾ø°í, ¸¶À½ÀÌ Èçµé¸®Áö ¾Ê°í, ¶Ç ¼±¾ÇÀ̶ó´Â »ý°¢À» ¹ö¸®°í ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô µÎ·Á¿òÀº ¾ø´Ù.

40

Knowing that this body is (fragile) like a jar, making this thought firm like a fortress, let him attack Mara (the tempter) with the weapon of wisdom, protect what he has conquered and remain attached to it.

ÀÌ ¸öÀº ¹°º´Ã³·³ ±úÁö±â ½¬¿î ÁÙ ¾Ë°í, ÀÌ ¸¶À½À» ¼º°ûó·³ ±»°ÇÈ÷ ÇÏ°í¼­, ÁöÇýÀÇ ¹«±â¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¾Ç¸¶¸¦ °ø°ÝÇ϶ó. ±×¸®°í Á¤º¹ÇÑ °ÍÀº ÁöÅ°°í ÀÖÀ¸¶ó.

41

Before long, alas, will this body lie on the earth, despised, bereft of consciousness, useless like a burnt faggot.

¾Æ¾Æ, ÀÌ ¸öÀº °ð ¶¥ À§¿¡ ´¯´Â´Ù. ÀǽÄÀÌ ¾ø´Â ½Ãü´Â ³»¹ö·ÁÁø´Ù. Ÿ¹ö¸° ³ª¹«Å丷ó·³ ¾µ¸ðµµ ¾øÀÌ.

42

Whatever an enemy may do to an enemy, whatever a hater may do to a hater, a wrongly directed mind will do us greater harm.

ÀûÀÌ ÀûÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ÁÖ´Â Çغ¸´Ùµµ, ¶Ç ¿ø¼ö°¡ ¿ø¼ö¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â Çغ¸´Ùµµ, À߸ø ÀεµµÈ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â ÇØ°¡ ´õ¿í Å©´Ï¶ó.

43

Not a mother, not a father, nor any other relative will do so much; a well-directed mind will do us greater service.

¾î¸Ó´Ï³ª ¾Æ¹öÁö³ª ¾î´À ģôÀÌ ÁÖ´Â ÀÌÀͺ¸´Ùµµ Àß ÀεµµÈ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â ÀÌÀÍÀÌ ´õ¿í Å©´Ï¶ó.

4. ²ÉÀÇ Àå
FLOWERS


44

Who shall conquer this world and this world of Yama (the lord of the departed) with its gods? Who shall find out the well-taught path of virtue even as a skilled person finds out the (right) flower?

´©°¡ ÀÌ ¼¼»ó°ú ¿°¶ó´ë¿ÕÀÇ ¼¼°è¸¦ Á¤º¹ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡? ´©°¡ ÈǸ¢ÇÏ°Ô ¼³¹ýµÈ Áø¸®¸¦ ã¾Æ³¾ °ÍÀΰ¡? ¼Ø¾¾ ÁÁÀº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¿¹»Û ²ÉÀ» ã¾Æ³»µíÀÌ.

45

The disciple will conquer this world and this world of Yama with its gods. The disciple will find out the well-taught path of virtue even as a skilled person finds out the (right) flower.

ºÎó´ÔÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ÀÌ ¼¼»ó°ú ¿°¶ó´ë¿ÕÀÇ ¼¼°è¸¦ Á¤º¹ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±× Á¦ÀÚ´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÏ°Ô ¼³¹ýµÈ Áø¸®¸¦ ã¾Æ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¼Ø¾¾ ÁÁÀº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¿¹»Û ²ÉÀ» ã¾Æ³»µíÀÌ.

46

Knowing that this body is like froth, knowing that it is of the nature of a mirage, breaking the flowery shafts of Mara, he will go where the king of death will not see him.

ÀÌ ¸öÀº ¹°°ÅÇ° °°°í, ¾ÆÁö¶ûÀÌ °°Àº °ÍÀÓÀ» ¾Ë°í ¾Ç¸¶ÀÇ ²É È­»ìÀ» ²ªÀ¸¸é, Á×À½ÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ ¸ø º¸´Â °÷À¸·Î °¡°Ô µÇ¸®¶ó.

47

Death carries off a man who is gathering (life's) flowers, whose mind is distracted, even as a flood carries off a sleeping village.

(ÀλýÀÇ) ²ÉÀ» ²ª´Â ÀÏ¿¡¸¸ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ½ò¸° ÀÚ¸¦ Á×À½Àº ¾Ñ¾Æ°£´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ È«¼ö°¡ ÀáÀÚ´Â ¸¶À»À» ¾Ñ¾Æ°¡µíÀÌ.

48

Death overpowers a man even while he is gathering (life's) flowers and whose mind is distracted even before he is satiated in his pleasures.

(ÀλýÀÇ) ²ÉÀ» ²ª´Â ÀÏ¿¡¸¸ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ½ò¸° »ç¶÷À» Á×À½Àº ¾Ñ¾Æ°£´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ ±×ÀÇ Äè¶ôÀÌ Ã¤¿öÁö±â Àü¿¡.

49

Even as bee gathers honey from a flower and departs without injuring the flower or its colour or scent, so let a sage dwell in his village.

¹úÀÌ ²É³»À½°ú ºû±òÀ» ´ÙÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°í ²Ü¸¸À» µû°¡µíÀÌ, ¼ºÀÚ´Â ¸¶À»¿¡¼­ (±×¿Í °°ÀÌ) Ź¹ß(öõÛ¤)À» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

50

Not the unworthy actions of others, not their (sinful) deeds of commission or omission, but one's own deeds of commission and omission should one regard.

³²ÀÌ ÀúÁö¸¥ À߸øÀ̳ª ±×¸©µÈ Çà½ÇÀ» º¸Áö¸»°í, ³»°¡ ÀúÁö¸¥ À߸øÀ̳ª ±×¸©µÈ Çà½ÇÀ» ´« ¿©°Ü º¸¶ó.

51

Like a beautiful flower, full of colour but without scent, are the well-spoken but fruitless words of him who does not act (as he professes to).

º¸±â¿¡´Â ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ì³ª Çâ±â°¡ ¾ø´Â ²Éó·³, ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¸»¿¡ ½ÇõÀÌ µû¸£Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¿­¸Å¸¦ ¸ÎÁö ¸øÇϸ®.

52

But like a beautiful flower full of colour and full of scent are the well-spoken and fruitful words of him who acts (as professes to).

¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ²É¿¡ Çâ±â°¡ ÀÖµí ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¸»¿¡ ½ÇõÀÌ µû¸£¸é ¿­¸Å¸¦ ¸Î´Â´Ù.

53

As many kinds of garlands can be made from a heap of flowers, so many good works should be achieved by a mortal when once he is born.

²É¹«´õ±â¿¡¼­ ²É´Ù¹ßÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â °Íó·³, Çѹø »ç¶÷À¸·Î žÀ¸¸é »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ Ç϶ó.

54

The scent of flowers does not travel against the wind, nor that of sandalwood, nor of tagara* and mallika flowers, but the fragrance of good people travels even against the wind. A good man pervades every quarter. [Note: tagara: a plant from which scented powder is made. mallika: jasmine.]

²ÉÇâ±â´Â ¹Ù¶÷À» °Å½½·¯ È帣Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. Âù´Ù³ªÇ⡤Ÿ°¡¶óÇ⡤¸»¸®Ä«Çâµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼±ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Çâ±â´Â ¹Ù¶÷À» °Å½½·¯ Èê·¯°¡µµ ¾î´À °÷¿¡³ª ÆÛÁø´Ù.

55

Sandalwood or tagara, a lotus flower or a vassiki* among these kinds of perfumes the perfume of virtue is unsurpassed. [Note: Vassiki: a variety of jasmine flower.]

Âù´Ù³ªÇ⡤Ÿ°¡¶óÇ⡤¸éÈ­Ç⡤¹å½ÃÅ°ÀÌÇâ °°Àº ÇâÀÏÁö¶óµµ °èÇâ(ÌüúÅ)¸¸ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù.

56

Little is the scent that comes from tagara or sandalwood, the perfume of those who possess virtue rises up to the gods as the highest.

Ÿ°¡¶óÇâÀ̳ª Âù´Ù³ªÇâÀº ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. °è(Ìü)¸¦ ÁöÅ°´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ Çâ±â´Â ÃÖ»óÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ ½Å¿¡°Ô±îÁö ¹øÁø´Ù.

57

Of those who possess these virtues, who live without thoughtlessness, who are freed by perfect knowledge, Mara the tempter never finds their way.

°è¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í, ºÎÁö·±ÇÏ°í, Âü ÁöÇý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÇعæµÈ »ç¶÷Àº ¾Ç¸¶µµ ¾îÂîÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

58

Just as on a heap of rubbish thrown upon the highway grows the lotus* sweetly fragrant and delighting the heart. [Note: lotus: pali, padumam. The lotus symbolizes the divine possibilities of human nature.]

Å«±æ°¡¿¡ ¹ö·ÁÁø ¾²·¹±â ¹«´õ±â¿¡¼­µµ ¿¬²É Çâ±â´Â »ý°Ü¼­ ¸¶À½À» ±â»Ú°Ô ÇϵíÀÌ.

59

Even so among those blinded mortals who are like rubbish the disciple of the truly enlightened Buddha shines with exceeding glory by his wisdom.

ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ ¾²·¹±âó·³ ´«¸Õ Áß»ý °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ¹Ù·Î ±úÄ£ ÀÌÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ÁöÇý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Âù¶õÇÏ°Ô ºû³­´Ù.

5. ¹Ùº¸ÀÇ Àå
THE FOOL


60

Long is the night to him who is awake, long is the yojana (a space of nine or twelve miles) to him who is weary; long is the chain of existence* to the foolish who do not know the true law. [Note: the chain of existence: samsara, chain of births and deaths which, goes on until we are freed from it by the knowledge of true law which leads to nirvana.]

±ú¾îÀÖ´Â ÀÌ¿¡°Ô ¹ãÀº ±æ°í, ÁöÃÄÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Áöôµµ õ¸®´Ù. ¹Ù¸¥ Áø¸®¸¦ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô À±È¸(ëÌüß)´Â ±æ´Ù.

61

If on a journey (a traveller ) does not meet his better or equal let him firmly pursue his journey by himself; there is no companionship with a fool.

Àڱ⺸´Ù ÈǸ¢Çϰųª ºñ½ÁÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ¸¸³ª¼­ ¿©ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Åµç, Â÷¶ó¸® È¥ÀÚ¼­ ±æÀ» °¡¶ó. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¿Í´Â ±æ¹þÀÌ µÇÁö ¸»¶ó.

62

The fool is tormented thinking 'these sons belong to me', 'this wealth belong to me', He himself does not belong to himself. How then can sons be his? How can wealth be his?

¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷Àº 'ÀÌ ¾ÆÀÌ´Â ³» ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Ù' ¶Ç´Â 'ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³» Àç»êÀÌ´Ù'¶ó°í »ý°¢Çϸ鼭 °ÆÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ÀÚ½ÅÁ¶Â÷ ±×ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ ¸øµÇ´Âµ¥, ¾îÂî ¾ÆµéÀ̳ª Àç»êÀÌ ±×ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ µÇ·ª.

63

The fool who knows his foolishness is wise at least to that extent; but a fool who thinks himself wise is called a fool indeed.

ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾î¸®¼®À½À» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ´Â Àû¾îµµ ±×¸¸Å­Àº Çö¸íÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Çö¸íÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â Á¤¸» ¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.

64

If a fool be associated with a wise man even all his life, he does not perceive the truth even as a spoon (does not perceive) the taste of soup.

¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ÇÑÆò»ý Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ¿Í »ç±Í´õ¶óµµ Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ¼ù°¡¶ôÀÌ ±¹¸ÀÀ» ¸ð¸£µíÀÌ.

65

But if a thoughtful man be associated with a wise man even for a minute, he will soon perceive the truth even as the tongue (perceives) the taste of soup.

±×·¯³ª ÁöÇý ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº Àá±ñµ¿¾È ÇöÀÚ¿Í »ç±Í´õ¶óµµ ±×´Â °ð Áø¸®(òØ×â)¸¦ ¾È´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ Çô°¡ ±¹¸ÀÀ» ¾Ë µíÀÌ.

66

Fools of little understanding being, enemies to themselves, wander about doing evil deeds which bear bitter fruits.

¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¸ð¸£´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷Àº Àڱ⸦ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿ø¼ö·Î ¸¸µé°í ³ª»Û ÁþÀ» ¸¶À½´ë·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í µÎ°íµÎ°í ¾²µð¾´ ¸ÀÀ» º»´Ù.

67

That deed is not well done, which, having been done, brings remorse, whose reward one receives weeping and with a tearful countenance.

ÇൿÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ´µ¿ìÄ¡°Å³ª, ´«¹°ÀÇ ´ë°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°Ô µÇ´Â ÇàÀ§´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÏ°Ô ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

68

But that deed is well done, which, having been done, does not bring remorse, whose reward one receives delighted and happy.

±×·¯³ª ÇàÀ§ÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ´µ¿ìÄ¡Áöµµ ¾Ê°í Áñ°Å¿ò°ú ¸¸Á·ÀÇ ´ë°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°Ô µÇ´Â ÇàÀ§´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÏ°Ô ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

69

So long as an evil deed does not bear fruit, the fool thinks that it is like honey; but when it bears fruit, then the fool suffers grief.

¾ÇÀÌ ¿­¸Å¸¦ ¸ÎÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ²Ü°°ÀÌ ´ÞÄÞÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿­¸Å°¡ ¸Î¾îÁ³À» ¶§ ±×´Â ºÒÇàÀ» ¸Àº»´Ù.

70

Let a fool month after month eat his food with the tip (of a blade) of kusa grass; nevertheless he is not worth the sixteenth part of those who have well understood the law.

¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷Àº (ÍÈú¼ÀÇ ëðãÒ¿¡ µû¶ó¼­) 'Äí»ç'Ç®·Î¼­ ´Þ¸¶´Ù À½½ÄÀ» ÇØ ¸Ô´õ¶óµµ Áø¸®¸¦ ±ú´ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ½ÊÀ°ºÐÀÇ Àϸ¸Å­µµ ¸øµÈ´Ù.

71

An evil deed, like newly drawn milk, does not turn (at once); smouldering, like fire covered by ashes, it follows the fool.

³ª»Û Çà½ÇÀº »õ·Î § ¿ìÀ¯Ã³·³ °ð º¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Àç·Î µ¤ÀÎ ºÒ¾¾Ã³·³ (¼ÓÀ¸·Î) Ÿ¸é¼­ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¸¦ µû¸¥´Ù.

72

The knowledge that a fool acquires, far from being to his advantage, destroys his bright share of merit and cleaves his head.

¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾òÀº Áö½ÄÀº ±×¿¡°Ô ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÁÖ±â´ÂÄ¿³ç µµ¸®¾î ±×ÀÇ Çà¿îÀ» Á»¸Ô°í ±×ÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ÀÚ¸¥´Ù.

73

Let the fool wish for false reputation, for precedence among the mendicants, for lordship in convents, and worship among other groups.

¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷Àº ÇêµÈ ¸í¼ºÀ» ¹Ù¶ó°í, ¼öÇàÀÎµé °¡¿îµ¥¼­´Â ¼±¹èµÊÀ», ½Â´Ü(ã¬Ó¥)¾È¿¡¼­´Â ±Ç·ÂÀ», ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ´Üü °¡¿îµ¥¼­´Â Á¸°æÀ» ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.

74

'Let both the householders and the monks think that this is done by me. Let them follow my pleasure in what should be done and what should not be done.' Such is the wish of the fool and so his desire and pride increase.

'Áý¿¡ ÀÖ´Â À̳ª Ãâ°¡ÇÑ »ç¶÷À̳ª ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³ª·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù »ý°¢ÇÏ°í, ÇؾßÇÒ ÀÏÀ̵ç ÇÏÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀ̵ç (¸ðµÎ) ³» ¸¶À½´ë·Î¶ó'°í ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº, ¾î¸®¼®Àº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¿å½ÉÀÌ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¿å½É°ú ±³¸¸Àº Á¡Á¡ Ä¿Áö±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

75

One is the road that leads to gain; another is the road that leads to nirvana. Let the mendicant, the disciple of the Buddha, having learnt this, not seek the respect of men but strive after wisdom.

ÇÑ ±æÀº (¼¼°£Àû) ÀÌÀÍÀ¸·Î ÀεµÇÏ°í, ´Ù¸¥ ±æÀº ¿­¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÀεµÇÑ´Ù. ºÒŸÀÇ Á¦ÀÚÀÎ ¼öÇàÀÎÀº ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ³²ÀÇ Á¸°æÀ» ¹Ù¶óÁö¸»°í ÁöÇý¸¦ ãÀ¸¶ó.

6. ÇöÀÚ(úçíº)ÀÇ Àå
THE WISE MAN


76

If a person sees a wise man who reproaches him (for his faults), who shows what is to be avoided, he should follow such a wise man as he would a revealer of hidden treasures. It fares well and not ill with one who follows such a man.

ÀڱⰡ ÇÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀ» °¡¸£ÃÄ ÁÖ°í ²ÙÁö¶÷ÇØÁÖ´Â ÇöÀÚ¸¦ ¸¸³µÀ¸¸é ±×¸¦ µû¸£¶ó. ±×´Â °¨ÃçÁø º¸¹è¸¦ ³»°Ô °¡¸®ÄÑ ÁÖ´Â »ç¶÷°ú °°´Ù. ±×¸¦ µû¸£¸é ÀÌÀÍÀÌ ÀÖÀ» »Ó ¼ÕÇØ´Â ¾øÀ¸¸®.

77

Let him admonish, let him instruct, let him restrain from the impure. He becomes beloved of the good and hated by the evil.

°è(Ìü)¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í °¡¸£ÃĶó. ±×¸®°í ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ÇÇÇϵµ·Ï Ç϶ó. ±×·¯¸é ¼±ÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ±×¸¦ ±â»µÇÏ°í ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ±×¸¦ ¹Ì¿öÇϸ®¶ó.

78

One should not associate with friends who are evil-doers nor with persons who are despicable; associate with friends who are virtuous, associate with the best of men.

³ª»Û Ä£±¸¿Í ¾î¿ï¸®Áö ¸»¸ç, Àú¼ÓÇÑ »ç¶÷°úµµ ¾î¿ï¸®Áö ¸¶¶ó. ÁÁÀº Ä£±¸¿Í »ç±Í°í, °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷°ú ¹þÀÌ µÇ¶ó.

79

He who drinks in the law lives happily with a serene mind. The wise man ever rejoices in the law made known by the elect (or the Aryas).

Áø¸®¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ¾ÈÁ¤µÈ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ê´Ù. ÇöÀÚ´Â ¼ºÀεéÀÌ ¸»¾¸ÇÑ Áø¸®¸¦ ¾ðÁ¦³ª Áñ°Å¿öÇÑ´Ù.

80

Engineers (who build canals and aqueducts) lead the water (wherever they like), fletchers make the arrow straight, carpenters carve the wood; wise people fashion (discipline) themselves.

¿îÇÏ(ê¡ùÁ)ÀÇ ±â»ç(ÐüÞÔ)´Â ¹°À» À̲ø¾î µéÀÌ°í, È° ¸¸µå´Â »ç¶÷Àº È­»ìÀ» °ð°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸ñ¼ö´Â ³ª¹«¸¦ ±ð¾Æ¼­ ´Ùµë´Â´Ù. ÀÌ°°ÀÌ ÇöÀÚ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´Ùµë´Â´Ù.

81

As a solid rock is not shaken by the wind, so wise men are not moved amidst blame and praise.

¹ÙÀ§°¡ ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ Èçµé¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â °Íó·³, ÇöÀÚ´Â ºñ¹æ°ú ĪÂùÀÇ ¼Ò¸®¿¡µµ ¿òÂïÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

82

Even as a deep lake is clear and calm so also wise men become tranquil after they have listened to the laws.

±íÀº È£¼ö°¡ ¸¼°í °í¿äÇϵí ÇöÀÚ´Â Áø¸®¸¦ µè°í °í¿äÇØÁø´Ù.

83

Good people walk on whatever happens to them. Good people do not prattle, yearning for pleasures. The wise do not show variation (elation or depression), whether touched by happiness or else by sorrow.

ÂøÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾµµ ±×´ë·Î °É¾î°£´Ù. ±×¸®°í Äè¶ôÀ» ±¸Çؼ­ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÇöÀÚ´Â ÇູÀÌ ¿À°Ç ºÒÇàÀÌ ¿À°Ç Èçµé¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

84

He who, for his own sake or for the sake of another, does not wish for a son or wealth or a kingdom, if he does not wish for his own prosperity by unfair means he certainly is virtuous, wise, and religious.

³ª¸¦ À§Çϰųª ³²À» À§Çؼ­ ¾ÆµéÀ̳ª Àç»êÀ̳ª ÅäÁö¸¦ ¿øÇÏÁö ¸¶¶ó. ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÀÚ±âÀÇ ¿µ´ÞÀ» ŽÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ±×´Â Á¤¸»·Î ¹Ù¸£°í Çö¸íÇÑ Á¾±³ÀÎÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

85

Few amongst men are those who reach the farther shore*: the other people here run along (this) shore. [Note: The other shore (farther shore) stands for life eternal, nirvana; this shore for earthly life, samsara.]

»ç¶÷µé °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ÇǾÈ(ù¨äÍ)¿¡ À̸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¾ÆÁÖ Àû´Ù. ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ÀÌÆí °­°¡¿¡¼­ ¼­¼º°Å¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù.

86

But those who, when the law has been well preached to them, follow the law, will pass to the other shore, [beyond] the dominion of death which is difficult to overcome.

±×·¯³ª Áø¸®°¡ ¹Ù·Î ÀüÇØÁ³À» ¶§ ±×°ÍÀ» µû¶ó°£ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇǾȿ¡ À̸¥´Ù. Á×À½µµ ±× ÇǾȿ¡´Â À̸£Áö ¸øÇϸ®.

87

Let the wise man leave the way of darkness and follow the way of light. After going from his home to a homeless state, that retirement so hard to love.

¾îµÒÀÇ ±æÀ» ¹ö¸®°í ¹àÀº ±æÀ» µû¶ó°¡¶ó. Àç°¡(î¤Ê«)¿¡¼­ ±× ¾î·Á¿î Ãâ°¡(õóÊ«)ÀÇ ±æ¿¡ ¿À¸¥ ÀÌ´Â.

88

Let him there look for enjoyment. Putting away all pleasures, calling nothing his own, let the wise man cleanse himself from all the impurities of the heart.

°Å±â¼­ Áñ°Å¿òÀ» ±¸Çϵµ·Ï Ç϶ó. ¸ðµç Äè¶ôÀ» ¸Ö¸®ÇÏ°í °¡Áø °ÍÀº ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¾ø°í, ¸¶À½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿Â°® ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¾Ä¾î¹ö¸®µµ·Ï.

89

Those whose minds are well grounded in the (seven) elements of enlightenment, who without clinging to anything rejoice in freedom from attachment, whose appetites have been conquered, who are full of light, attain nirvana in this world.

¸¶À½ÀÌ ´Ù ±úÁø ÀÚ¸®¿¡ À̸£°í ¸ðµç ÁýÂøÀ» ²÷Àº ´ÙÀ½, ¾Æ¹«·± ¿å¸Áµµ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê°í Áö°ß(ò±Ì¸)À» ¾òÀº »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¿­¹Ý¿¡ À̸¥´Ù.

7. ¼ºÀÎ(á¡ìÑ)ÀÇ Àå
THE ARHAT (THE SAINT)


90

There is no suffering for him who has completed his journey, who is from sorrow, who has freed himself on all sides, who has shaken off all fetters.* [Note: Arhat is the perfected who has reached the highest degree of the four orders of the aryas, from which nirvana is perceived.]

(»ý»çÀÇ) ¿©·Î(ÕéÖØ)°¡ ³¡³ª ½½ÇÄ°ú ¿Â°® ¼Ó¹Ú¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô °íÅëÀ̶õ ¾ø´Ù.

91

The thoughtful exert themselves; they do not delight in an abode; like swans who have left their lake their house and home.

±íÀÌ »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ÁýÀ» ¶°³ª°í ½¯ °÷µµ ŽÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¹éÁ¶°¡ È£¼ö¸¦ ¶°³ªµí ±×´Â ÁýÀ» ¶°³­´Ù.

92

Those who have no accumulation (of property), who eat according to knowledge, who have perceived (the nature of) release and unconditioned freedom, their path is difficult to understand like that (the flight) of birds through the sky.

ÀúÃ൵ ¾ø°í, ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ¸Ô°í, ¾Æ¹«µ¥µµ °É¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ¾òÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °ÉÀ½Àº, ÀÚÃ븦 ³²±âÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ÇÏ´ÃÀ» ³ª´Â »õ¿¡°Ô ÀÚÃë°¡ ¾øµíÀÌ.

93

He whose passions are destroyed, who is indifferent to food, who has perceived (the nature of) release and unconditioned freedom, his path is difficult to understand like that of birds through the sky.

¸ðµç ¹ø³ú°¡ ²÷¾îÁö°í, ¸ÔÀ» °Í¿¡ ¹«°ü½ÉÇÏ°í, ¾Æ¹«µ¥µµ ¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ¾òÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °ÉÀ½Àº ÀÚÃ븦 ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ÇÏ´ÃÀ» ³ª´Â »õó·³.

94

Even the gods envy him whose senses are subdued like horses well tamed by the charioteer, who is free from pride and free from taints.

Àß ±æµéÀÎ ¸»Ã³·³, ¸ðµç °¨°¢ÀÌ ÀÜÀÜÇÏ°í, ±³¸¸À̳ª °í¹ÎÀÌ ²÷¾îÁø »ç¶÷Àº ½Å(ãê)µéµµ ºÎ·¯¿öÇÑ´Ù.

95

Such a man who is tolerant like the earth, like a threshold; who does his duty, who is like a lake free from mud: to a man like that there is no cycle of births and deaths.

´ëÁöó·³ °ü´ëÇÏ°í, ¹®Áö¹æó·³ Àǹ«¸¦ ´ÙÇÏ°í, ÈëÅÁÀÌ ¾ø´Â È£¼öó·³ ¸¼Àº »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Á×À½°ú »îÀÇ À±È¸(ëÌüß)´Â ¾ø´Ù.

96

His thought is calm, calm is his word as well as his deed when he has obtained freedom through true knowledge and has become tranquil.

¹Ù¸¥ Áö°ßÀ¸·Î ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ¾ò°í °í¿äÇÔÀ» ¾òÀº »ç¶÷Àº, ÇàÀ§´Â ¹°·Ð »ý°¢À̳ª ¸»µµ °í¿äÇØÁø´Ù.

97

The man who is free from credulity, who knows the uncreated, who has severed all ties, who has put an end to all occasions (for the performance of good or bad actions), who has renounced all desires, he, indeed, is exalted among men.

½±°Ô ¹Ï¾î¹ö¸®´Â ¼ºÁúµµ ¾ø°í, ¾Ö½á ²Ù¹Ì·Á´Â ¸¶À½ ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷, ¸ðµç ¼Ó¹ÚÀº ²÷°í, (¼±ÇàÀÌ°Ç ¾ÇÇàÀÌ°Ç) ¿©·¯ °¡Áö °æ¿ì¸¦ ¹ö¸®°í, ¿Â°® ¿å¸Á¸¶Àú ³»´øÁø »ç¶÷Àº °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.

98

That place is delightful where saints dwell, whether in the village or in the forest, in deep water or on dry land.

¸¶À»ÀÌ°Ç ½£¼ÓÀÌ°Ç, ±íÀº ¹°¼ÓÀÌ°Ç ¸Å¸¶¸¥ ¶¥ÀÌ°Ç, ¼ºÀÎÀÌ »ç´Â °÷Àº ¾îµð³ª Áñ°Å¿î °÷.

99

Forests are delightful (to saints); where (ordinary) people find no delight there the passionless will find delight, for they do not seek for the pleasures of sense.

½£¼ÓÀº (¼ºÀο¡°Ô) Áñ°Å¿î °÷, Ž¿åÀÌ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷Àº ³²µéÀÌ Áñ°Å¿òÀ» ãÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °÷¿¡¼­µµ ´ÉÈ÷ ã´Â´Ù. ±×µéÀº °¨°¢Àû Äè¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡.

¡¡

8. õ(ô¶) °¡Áö Àå
THE THOUSANDS


100

Better than a thousand utterances composed of meaningless words is one sensible word on hearing which one becomes peaceful.

ÀÇ¹Ì ¾ø´Â õ ¸¶µð ¸»º¸´Ù, µéÀ¸¸é ¸¶À½ÀÌ °¡¶ó¾É´Â ´Ü ÇѸ¶µðÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì ÀÖ´Â ¸»ÀÌ.

101

Better than a thousand verses composed of meaningless words is one word of a verse on hearing which one becomes peaceful.

ÀÇ¹Ì ¾ø´Â õ ±ÍÀýÀÇ ½Ãº¸´Ù, µéÀ¸¸é ¸¶À½ÀÌ °¡¶ó¾É´Â ÇÑ ±ÍÀýÀÇ ½Ã°¡.

102

Better than reciting a hundred verses composed of meaningless words is one text on hearing which one becomes peaceful.

ÀÇ¹Ì ¾ø´Â ¹é ÆíÀÇ ½Ã¸¦ µ¶¼ÛÇϱ⠺¸´Ù, µéÀ¸¸é ¸¶À½ÀÌ °í¿äÇØÁö´Â ¼ºÀÎÀÇ ¸»¾¸ ÇѸ¶µð°¡.

103

If a man were to conquer in battle a thousand times a thousand men, and another conquer one, himself, he indeed is the greatest of conquerors.

½Î¿òÅÍ¿¡¼­ ¹é¸¸ ÀÎÀ» À̱â±âº¸´Ù ÀÚ±â Çϳª¸¦ À̱ä ÀÚ°¡ Á¤¸» °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ ½Â¸®ÀÚÀÌ´Ù.

104

Conquest of self is indeed better than the conquest of other persons; of one who has disciplined himself, who always practises self-control.

Àڱ⸦ À̱â´Â ÀÏÀº ³²À» À̱â´Â ÀϺ¸´Ù ³´´Ù. Ç×»ó ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ±Ø±âÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº¡ª.

105

Not even a god nor a gandharva* nor Mara along with Brahma* could turn into defeat the victory of such a one (who has conquered himself). [Note: gandharvas are fairies. Brahma is the creator god according to Hindu tradition.]

½Å(ãê)°ú °Ç´Þ¹Ù¿Í ¹üõ(Ûïô¸)°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÖ´Â ¾Ç¸¶µµ ±×ÀÇ ½Â¸®¸¸Àº ²ªÀ» ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù.

106

If a man month after month for a hundred years should sacrifice with a thousand (sacrifices), and if he but for one moment pay homage to a man whose self is grounded in knowledge, better is that homage than what is sacrificed for a hundred years.

´Þ¸¶´Ù õ ¹ø¾¿ ¹é³âÀ» Áö³»´Â Á¦»çº¸´Ù´Â, ´Ü ÇѼø°£ÀÌ¶óµµ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´ÛÀº À̸¦ Á¸°æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³´´Ù.

107

If a man for a hundred years tend the (sacrificial) fire in the forest, and if he but for one moment pay homage to a man, whose self is grounded in knowledge, better is that homage than what is sacrificed for a hundred years.

½£¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¹é³â µ¿¾È È­½Å(ûýãê)À» Á¦»çÁö³»´Â °Íº¸´Ù ´Ü ÇѼø°£ÀÌ¶óµµ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´ÛÀº ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Á¸°æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³´´Ù.

108

Whatever a man sacrifice in this world as an offering or oblation for a year in order to gain merit -- the whole of it is not worth a quarter (of the better offering). Homage paid to the righteous is better.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¾ò±â À§ÇÏ¿© µå¸®´Â ÇÑÇØ µ¿¾ÈÀÇ Á¦»ç´Â (ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´ÛÀº »ç¶÷À» °ø°æÇÏ´Â °Í)ÀÇ 4ºÐÀÇ 1º¸´Ùµµ ¸øÇÏ´Ù. ±× º¸´Ù´Â Á¤Á÷ÇÑ À̸¦ ¼¶±â´Â ÀÏÀÌ ³´´Ù.

109

To him who constantly practises reverence and respects the aged, four things will increase, life (length of days), beauty, happiness, strength.

Ç×»ó À­»ç¶÷À» Á¸°æÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô´Â ³ªÀÌ, ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò, Çà¿î, Èû, ÀÌ ³× °¡Áö º¹ÀÌ ´õ ºÙ´Â´Ù.

110

But he who lives a hundred years, wicked and unrestrained, a life of one day is better if a man is virtuous and reflecting.

ºñ·Ï ¹é³âÀ» »ì´õ¶óµµ °£»çÇÏ°í ¹æÁ¾ÇÏ°Ô »ç´Â °ÍÀº, °è¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í ´µ¿ìÄ¡¸é¼­ »ç´Â ÇϷ纸´Ù ¸øÇÏ´Ù.

111

And he who lives a hundred years, ignorant and unrestrained, a life of one day is better for one who is wise and reflecting.

¹é³â µ¿¾ÈÀ» ¹«Áö¿Í ¹æÁ¾ ¼Ó¿¡ »ê »ç¶÷Àº, ÁöÇý ÀÖ°í ´µ¿ìÄ¡¸é¼­ ÇϷ縦 »ç´Â »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ¸øÇÏ´Ù.

112

And he who lives a hundred years, idle and weak, a life of one day is better if a man strenuously makes an effort.

°ÔÀ¸¸£°í ¾àÇÏ°Ô »ç´Â ¹é³âº¸´Ù´Â, ºÎÁö·±È÷ ³ë·ÂÇϸ鼭 »ç´Â ÇÏ·ç°¡ ³´´Ù.

113

And he who lives a hundred years, not perceiving beginning and end (birth and death), a life of one day is better if a man perceives beginning and end.

½ÃÀÛ°ú ³¡À» ¸ð¸£°í »ç´Â ¹é³â º¸´Ù´Â ½ÃÀÛ°ú ³¡À» ¾Ë°í »ç´Â ÇÏ·ç°¡ ³´´Ù.

114

And he who lives a hundred years not perceiving the deathless state, a life of one day is better if a man perceives the deathless state.

Á×À½ÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æÁö¸¦ ¸ð¸£°í »ç´Â ¹é³âº¸´Ù´Â ¿­¹ÝÀÇ °æÁö¸¦ ¾Ë°í »ç´Â ÇÏ·ç°¡ ³´´Ù.

115

And he who lives a hundred years not perceiving the highest law, a life of one day is better if a man perceives the highest law.

°¡Àå ³ôÀº ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ¸ð¸£°í »ç´Â ¹é³â º¸´Ù´Â, °¡Àå ³ôÀº ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ¾Ë°í »ç´Â ÇÏ·ç°¡ ³·´Ù.

9. ¾ÇÇà(äÂú¼)ÀÇ Àå
EVIL CONDUCT


116

A man should hasten towards the good; he should restrain his thoughts from evil. If a man is slack in doing what is good, his mind (comes to) rejoice in evil.

¼±ÇÑ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¼­µÑ·¯¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÏÀº ¸Ö¸®Ç϶ó. ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â µ¥ °ÔÀ¸¸£¸é ±×ÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÏÀ» Áñ±â°Ô µÈ´Ù.

117

If a man commits sin, let him not do it again and again. Let him not set his heart on it. Sorrowful is the accumulation of evil conduct.

»ç¶÷ÀÌ Á˸¦ Áö¾úÀ¸¸é ´Ù½Ã´Â ÁþÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Á¶½ÉÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ÀÏ¿¡ ¸¶À½À» µÎÁö ¸»¶ó. ½½ÇÄÀº ¾ÇÇàÀÇ ½×ÀÓ¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ï.

118

If a man does what is good, let him do it again and again. Let him set his heart on it. Happiness is the outcome of good conduct.

»ç¶÷ÀÌ ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÇßÀ¸¸é ´Ã ±×·¸°Ô Çϵµ·Ï Ç϶ó. ±× ÀÏ¿¡ ¸¶À½À» µÎ¶ó. ±â»ÝÀº ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀÇ ½×ÀÓ¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ï.

119

Even an evil-doer sees happiness so long as his evil deed does not ripen; but when the evil deed has ripened, then does the evil-doer see evil.

¾ÇÀÇ ¿­¸Å°¡ ¸Î±â±îÁö´Â ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÚµµ ÇູÀ» ¸Àº»´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ÇÇàÀÇ ¿­¸Å°¡ À;úÀ» ¶§ ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ¾Ç¾÷(äÂåö)À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

120

Even a good man sees evil as long as his good deed does not ripen; but when his good deed ripens, then the good man sees the good (in store for him).

¼±ÀÇ ¿­¸Å°¡ ¸Î±â±îÁö´Â ¼±ÇÑ ÀÚµµ ¾ÇÀ» ¸Àº»´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼±ÇàÀÇ ¿­¸Å°¡ À;úÀ» ¶§ ¼±ÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ¼±¾÷(à¼åö)À» ¹Þ³ª´Ï.

121

Think not lightly of evil (saying) that 'it will not come near me.' Even a water-pot is filled by the falling of drops of water. A fool becomes full of evil even if he gathers it little by little.

'±×°ÍÀº ³»°Ô °¡±îÀÌ ¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù'¶ó°í ¼±À» °¡º±°Ô ¿©±âÁö ¸»¶ó. ¹æ¿ï¹°ÀÌ °í¿©¼­ Ç׾Ƹ®¸¦ ä¿ì³ª´Ï, Á¶±×¸¸ ¾ÇÀÌ¶óµµ ½×ÀÌ°í ½×ÀÌ¸é ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ¾ÇÀ¸·Î °¡µæÂù´Ù.

122

Think not lightly of good (saying) that 'it will not come near me'. Even a water-pot is filled by the falling of drops of water. A wise man becomes full of goodness even if he gathers it little by little.

'±×°ÍÀº ³»°Ô °¡±îÀÌ ¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù'¶ó°í ¼±À» °¡º±°Ô ¿©±âÁö ¸»¶ó. ¹æ¿ï¹°ÀÌ °í¿©¼­ Ç׾Ƹ®¸¦ ä¿ì³ª´Ï, Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ½×°í ½×¾Æ¼­ ¼±À¸·Î °¡µæ Âù´Ù.

123

As a merchant ill-attended and having much wealth shuns a dangerous road, as a man who loves his life avoids poison, so should (a wise man) avoid evil actions.

µ¿¾÷ÀÚ ¾ø°í Àç¹°ÀÌ ¸¹Àº »óÀÎÀÌ À§ÇèÇÑ ±æÀ» ÇÇÇϵíÀÌ, ±×¸®°í »ý¸íÀ» ¾Æ³¢´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ µ¶À» ÇÇÇϵíÀÌ, ¸ðµç ¾ÇÇàÀº ÇÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

124

If there be no wound on a person's hand he might touch poison with his hand. Poison does not harm one who has no wound. No evil (befalls) him does no evil.

¼Õ¿¡ »óó°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸é µ¶À» ¸¸Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µ¶Àº »óó ¾ø´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Çظ¦ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¾ÇÀ» ÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÀº ºÙÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

125

Whoever does wrong to an innocent person or to one who is pure and sinless, evil recoils on that fool even as fine dust thrown against the wind (recoils on the person throwing it).

¼øÁøÇÏ°í ¶§ ¾ø´Â À̸¦ ÇØÄ¡·Á´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â µµ¸®¾î °±À½À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ¸Â¹Ù¶÷¿¡ ´øÁø ¸ÕÁö°¡ µÇ³¯¾Æ ¿ÀµíÀÌ.

126

Some enter the womb*; evil-doers go to hell; the good go to heaven; those free from worldly desires attain nirvana. [Note: Enter the womb: are reborn on earth.]

¾î¶² ÀÚ´Â ¸ðÅÂ(Ù½÷Ã)·Î µé¾î°¡°í, ¾ÇÀÎÀº Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î ¼±ÀÎÀº ±Ø¶ôÀ¸·Î °£´Ù. ¸ðµç Áö»óÀû ¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ´Â ¿­¹Ý¿¡ À̸£°í?.

127

Neither in the sky nor in the midst of the sea nor by entering into the clefts of mountains is there known a place on earth where stationing himself, a man can escape from (the consequences of) his evil deed.

Çϴÿ¡µµ ¹Ù´Ù¿¡µµ »êÁß µ¿±¼¿¡µµ, »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ÇÇà¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷Àº ¾Æ¹«µ¥µµ ¾ø´Ù.

128

Neither in the sky nor in the midst of the sea nor by entering into the clefts of mountains is there known a place on earth where stationing himself, death cannot overcome (him).

Çϴÿ¡µµ ¹Ù´Ù¿¡µµ »êÁß µ¿±¼¿¡µµ, Áö±¸ À§¿¡ Á×À½À» ¹þ¾î³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷Àº ¾Æ¹«µ¥µµ ¾ø´Ù.

10. ¡¹ú(ó¤Ûë)ÀÇ Àå
PUNISHMENT

129

All men tremble at punishment, all men fear death. Likening others to oneself, one should neither slay nor cause to slay.

»ç¶÷¸¶´Ù ¹úÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ°í Á×À½À» µÎ·Á¿öÇÑ´Ù. ³²ÀÌ Àڽſ¡°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀ» °ßÁ־ ³²À» Á׿©¼­µµ ¾È µÇ°í ³²À» Á×ÀÌ°Ô Çصµ ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.

130

All men tremble at punishment: all men love life. Likening others to oneself one should neither slay nor cause to slay.

»ç¶÷¸¶´Ù ¹úÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ°í »îÀ» »ç¶ûÇÑ´Ù. ³²ÀÌ Àڽſ¡°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀ» °ßÁ־ ³²À» Á׿©¼­µµ ¾È µÇ°í ³²À» Á×ÀÌ°Ô Çصµ ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.

131

He who seeking his own happiness inflicts pain (strikes with a stick) on beings who (like himself) are desirous of happiness does not obtain happiness after death.

ÇູÀ» ã°í ÀÖ´Â Áß»ý¿¡°Ô °íÅëÀ» ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á ÇູÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â, Á׾µµ ÇູÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇϸ®.

132

He who seeking his own happiness does not inflict pain (strike with a stick) on beings who (like himself) are desirous of happiness obtains happiness after death.

ÇູÀ» ã°í ÀÖ´Â Áß»ý¿¡°Ô ¾Æ¹«·± °íÅëµµ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í ÇູÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´Â Á׾µµ ÇູÀ» ¾òÀ¸¸®.

133

Do not speak anything harsh. Those who are spoken to will answer you (in the same way). Since angry talk is painful, retaliation will touch you.

°¡´Â ¸»ÀÌ °í¿Í ¾ß ¿À´Â ¸»ÀÌ °ö´Ù. °ÅÄ¡¸¥ ¸»À» ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. ¼º³­ ¸»Àº ±«·ÒÀ» ÁÜÀ¸·Î °±À½ÀÌ ¿Â´Ù.

134

If you make yourself as still as a broken gong you have attained nirvana, for agitation is not known to you.

±úÁø ¡ó·³ ¹¬¹¬È÷ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ¿­¹Ý¿¡ À̸¥´Ù. ¼Ò¸®Ä¡¸ç È­³»´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡-.

135

Just as a cowherd with his staff drives the cows into the pasture-ground, so old age and death drive the life of sentient beings (into a new existence).

¼ÒÄ¡´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸¶¼ÒÀÇ ¶¼¸¦ ¸ñÀåÀ¸·Î ¸ô°í °¡´Â °Íó·³ ´ÄÀ½°ú Á×À½Àº Áß»ýÀÇ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ¸ô°í °£´Ù.

136

But a fool committing evil deeds does not know (what is in store for him). The stupid man burns indeed through his own deeds, like one burnt by fire.

±×·¯³ª ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ¾ÇÇàÀ» Çϸ鼭µµ ±×°ÍÀ» ±ú´ÝÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ùº¸ °°Àº ÀÚ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Çà½Ç·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÒÅ¿î´Ù.

137

He who inflicts punishment on those who do not deserve punishment and offends against those who are without offence soon comes to one of these ten states.

Á˵µ ¾ø°í Èûµµ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹úÀ» ÁÖ´Â ÀÚ´Â, ´ÙÀ½ ¿­ °¡Áö Áß¿¡¼­ ÇÑ °¡Áö °±À½À» ¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

138

He may have cruel suffering, infirmity, injury of the body, heavy afflictions (dread diseases), or loss of mind.

½ÉÇÑ °íÅë, ³ë¼è, À°Ã¼ÀÇ »óó, Áߺ´, Á¤½ÅÀÇ Âø¶õ,

139

or a misfortune proceeding from the king or a fearful accusation, loss of relations, or destruction of treasures.

¿ÕÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¹ÚÇØ, Áöµ¶ÇÑ ºñ³­, ģôÀÇ ¸ê¸Á, Àç»êÀÇ »ó½Ç µîÀ» ÀÔÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

140

or lightning fire burns his house and when his body is dissolved the fool goes to hell.

¶Ç´Â ºÒÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ÁýÀ» Å¿ì°í À°Ã¼°¡ Èð¾îÁú ¶§ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁö¸®.

141

Not nakedness, not matted hair, not dirt (literally mud), not fasting, not lying on the ground,* not rubbing with ashes (literally dust), not sitting motionless purify a mortal who is not free from doubt. [Note: Not lying on the ground: not sleeping on the bare earth. The Buddha rejects these outward signs of asceticism as they do not calm the passions.]

³ªÃ¼, ´Ü½ÄÇÏ´Â °Í, ¶¥À§¿¡¼­ ÀÚ´Â °Í, ¶Ç´Â À縦 ¹Ù¸£´Â °Í, °í¿äÈ÷ ¾É¾Æ ÀÖ´Â °Í, ÀÌ °°Àº (±Ý¿åÇàÀ§)µµ ÀǽÉÀ» ¶°³ªÁö ¸øÇÑ Áß»ýÀº Á¤È­ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

142

He who though adorned (dressed in fine clothes) fosters the serene mind, is calm, controlled, is established (in the Buddhist way of life), is chaste, and has ceased to injure all other beings, he indeed is a Brahmin, an ascetic (samana), a friar (a bhikkhu).

È­·ÁÇÏ°Ô ÀÔ¾ú´õ¶óµµ °í¿äÇÑ ¸¶À½À» Áö´Ñ ä, ³ÃÁ¤ÇÏ°í, ÀÚÀçÇÏ°í (ºÒ±³Àû »ýÈ°¹æ½ÄÀÌ) È®¸³µÇ°í, ±ú²ýÇÏ°í, Áß»ýÀ» ÇØÄ¡Áö ¾Ê´Â À̾߸»·Î ¹Ù¶ó¹®ÀÌ¸ç »ç¹®(ÞÞÚ¦), ºñ±¸(ÝïÎø)ÀÌ´Ù.

143

Is there in the world any man so restrained by modesty that he avoids censure as a well-trained horse avoids the whip?

ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¸»ÀÌ Ã¤ÂïÀ» ÇÇÇϵíÀÌ, ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ºñ³­µµ ¸¶À½¿¡ µÎÁö ¾Ê°í, °â¼ÕÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀְڴ°¡?

144

Like a well-trained horse when touched by a whip, be strenuous and swift and you will, by faith, by virtue, by energy, meditation, by discernment of the law, put aside this great sorrow (of earthly existence), endowed with knowledge and (good) behaviour and mindfulness.

äÂïÀ» ¹ÞÀº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¸»Ã³·³, ºÎÁö·±ÇÏ°í »¡¶ó¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¹ÏÀ½°ú °èÇà°ú Á¤½Å°ú ¸í»ó°ú Áø¸®ÀÇ ½Äº°°ú ¹àÀº ÁöÇý¿Í ¿ÇÀº ÇൿÀ¸·Î Ä¿´Ù¶õ °íÅëÀ» ¸Ö¸®Ç϶ó.

145

Engineers (who build canals and aqueducts) lead the water (where they like); fletchers make the arrow the straight; carpenters carve the wood; good people fashion (discipline) themselves.

¿îÇÏÀÇ ±â»ç´Â ¹°À» À̲ø¾î µéÀÌ°í, È° ¸¸µå´Â »ç¶÷Àº È­»ìÀ» °ð°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸ñ¼ö´Â ³ª¹«¸¦ ±ð¾Æ¼­ ´Ùµë´Â´Ù. ÀÌ°°ÀÌ ÇöÀÚ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´Ùµë´Â´Ù. (80°ú °°À½)

11. ´ÄÀ½ÀÇ Àå
OLD AGE


146

Why is there laughter, why is there joy while this world is always burning? Why do you not seek a light, you who are shrouded in darkness (ignorance)? [Note: Fire is used by the Buddhists to represent the empirical process which is full of suffering.]

¿Ö ¿ô°í Àִ°¡, ¿Ö ±â»µÇÏ°í Àִ°¡? ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀº ´Ã ºÒŸ°í Àִµ¥, ¾îµÎ¿î ¹«Áö¿¡ ½×¿© Àִµ¥, ¾îÂîÇÏ¿© ºûÀ» ±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â°¡?

147

Behold this painted image, a body full of wounds, put together, diseased, and full of many thoughts in which there is neither permanence nor stability.

ÀÌ ´ÜÀå(Ó¡íò)µÈ ¸ð¾çÀ» º¸¶ó. ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ÀÖÁöµµ ¾Ê°í °ß°íÇÏÁöµµ ¸øÇÑ ¿Â°® »ý°¢À¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø º´µç »óóÅõ¼ºÀÌÀÇ À°½ÅÀ» º¸¶ó.

148

This body is worn out, a nest of diseases and very frail. This heap of corruption breaks to pieces, life indeed ends in death.

ÀÌ À°½ÅÀº ´Ä¾î ½Ãµé°í, º´ÁÖ¸Ó´ÏÀÌ°í, ±úÁö±â ½¬¿î ±×¸©ÀÌ´Ù. ºÎÆÐµÈ À°Ã¼´Â Á¶°¢À¸·Î Èð¾îÁö°í, ÀλýÀº Á×À½À¸·Î ³¡³­´Ù.

149

What delight is there for him who sees these white bones like gourds cast away in the autumn?

°¡À»¿¡ ¹ö·ÁÁø Ç¥ÁÖ¹Úó·³ ÀÌ Èò »Áµû±Í¸¦ º¸°í ¹«¾ùÀ» ±â»µÇÏ·ª!

150

Of the bones a citadel is made, plastered over with flesh and blood, and in it dwell old age and death, pride and deceit.

»À·Î ¼º°ûÀ» ÀÌ·ç°í, »ì°ú ÇǷΠĥÇØÁø °ÍÀ» ±× ¼Ó¿¡ ´ÄÀ½°ú Á×À½°ú ÀÚ¸¸°ú °ÅÁþÀÌ µµ»ç¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù.

151

The splendid chariots of kings wear away; the body also comes to old age but the virtue of the good never ages, thus the good teach to each other.

Âù¶õÇÑ ÀÓ±ÝÀÇ ¼ö·¹´Â ´â¾Æ ¾ø¾îÁö°í, À°½Åµµ ¶ÇÇÑ ³°¾Æ°£´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼±ÇÑ ÀÌÀÇ ±³¹ýÀº ½ÃµéÁö ¾Ê³ª´Ï, ¼±ÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ¼­·Î ±³¹ýÀ» ÀüÇÑ´Ù.

152

A man who has learnt but little grows old like an ox; his flesh increases but his knowledge does not grow.

Àû°Ô ¹è¿ö¼­ ¾ÍÀÌ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷Àº Ȳ¼Òó·³ ´Ä´Â´Ù. °í±âÀÇ ¹«°Ô´Â ´Ã¾î³ªÁö¸¸ ÁöÇý´Â ÀÚ¶óÁö ¾Ê°í¡¦¡¦.

153

I have run through a course of many births looking for the maker of this dwelling and finding him not; painful is birth again and again.

³ª´Â ÀÌ Áý(À°Ã¼)À» ÁöÀº ÀÚ¸¦ ãÀ¸·Á°í ¿©·¯ »ý(ßæ)À» º¸³Â´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ãÁö ¸øÇÏ°í °íÅ븸 ÀÚ²Ù µÇÇ®ÀÌÇÏ¿´¾ú´Ù.

154

Now are you seen, O builder of the house,* you will not build the house again. All your rafters are broken, your ridge-pole is destroyed, the mind, set on the attainment of nirvana, has attained the extinction of desires. [Note: The builder of the house is craving. It is the cause of rebirth. If we shake off craving there is nothing to bind us to the wheel of existence.]

ÁýÀ» ÁöÀº ÀÚ´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ¾Ë¾ÒÀ¸¸®¶ó. ´Ù½Ã Áý ÁöÀ» °ÍÀÌ ¸øµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»¡¦¡¦. ±âµÕÀº ºÎ·¯Áö°í ¼­±î·¡´Â ³»·Á¾É¾Ò´Ù. ¿­¹Ý¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ ¸¶À½Àº ¿å¸ÁÀÇ ¼Ò¸êÀ» ÀÌ·ç¾ú°í.

155

Men who have not practised celibacy (proper discipline), who have not acquired wealth in youth, pine away like old cranes in a lake without fish.

ûÁ¤(ôèïä)ÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê°í Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§ Àç»êÀ» ¸ðÀ¸Áö ¸øÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº, °í±â ¾ø´Â ´Ë¿¡ »ç´Â ´ÄÀº ¹é·Îó·³ Á׾´Ù.

156

Men who have not practised celibacy, who have not acquired wealth* in youth, lie like worn out bows, sighing after the past. [Note: wealth: spiritual wealth, not worldly wealth.]

ûÁ¤ÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê°í Àç»êÀ» ¸ðÀ¸Áö ¸øÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº, Áö³­ ÀÏÀ» ´µ¿ìÄ¡¸ç ÇѼûÁþ´Â´Ù. ºÎ·¯Áø È­»ìó·³.

12. ÀÚ½Å(í»ãó)ÀÇ Àå
THE SELF


157

If a man holds himself dear, let him diligently watch himself. The wise man should be watchful during one of the three watches.* [Note: One of the three watches: may also mean one of the three periods of life.]

ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±ÍÇÑ ÁÙ ¾Ë¸é ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Àß ÁöÅ°µµ·Ï Ç϶ó. ÁöÇý ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ÇÏ·ç ¼¼ ¶§ ÇѹøÂëÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀ» »ìÇdzª´Ï.

158

Let each man first establish himself in what is proper, then let him teach others. (If he do this) the wise man will not suffer.

¸ÕÀú Àڱ⠺мö¸¦ »ìÆì ³²À» °¡¸£Ä¡¶ó. ±×·¯¸é Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ±«·Î¿öÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸®.

159

If a man so shapes his life as he directs others, then, subduing himself well, he might indeed subdue (others), since the self is indeed difficult to subdue.

³²À» °¡¸£Ä¡´Â °Íó·³ ÇൿÇÏ¸é ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Àß ¾ïÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¶Ç ³²µµ Àß ¾ïÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô Çϸ®¶ó.

160

The self is the lord of self; who else could be the lord? With self well subdued a man finds a lord who is difficult to obtain.

Àڱ⸸ÀÌ ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ´Ù. ´©°¡ µû·Î ÁÖÀÎÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸·ª? Àڱ⸸ Àß ¾ïÁ¦µÇ¸é ¾ò±â Èûµç ÁÖÀÎÀ» ¾òÀ¸¸®¶ó.

161

The evil done by oneself, born of oneself, produced by oneself, crushes the fool even as a diamond breaks a precious stone.

³ª·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¾ÇÀº ³ª·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý°å°í, ³»°¡ ¸¸µç °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±Ý°­¼®ÀÌ º¸¼®À» ºÎ½¤ ¹ö¸®µíÀÌ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¸¦ ºÎ½¤ ¹ö¸°´Ù.

162

As a creeper overpowers the entwined sal tree, he whose impiety is great reduces himself to the state which his enemy wishes for him.

Ħ³ÕÄðÀÌ <»þ¾Ë¶ó>(ÞÏÔþ) ³ª¹«¸¦ ÈÖ¾îÀâµíÀÌ, ºÒ½Å(ÝÕãá)ÀÌ Ä¿ °¡¸é »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿ø¼ö°¡ ¼Ò¿øÇÏ´Â ±¸··ÅÖÀ¸·Î.

163

Evil deeds, deeds which are harmful to oneself, are easy to do. What is beneficial and good, that is very difficult to do.

¸ðµç ³ª»Û ÁþÀº Àڽſ¡°Ô Çظ¦ ÁÖ°í ÇàÇϱ⵵ ½±´Ù. ÀÌ·Ó°í ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀº ÇàÇϱ⠾î·Æ°í.

164

The foolish man who scorns the teaching of the saintly, the noble, and the virtuous and follows false doctrine, bears fruit to his own destruction even like the Khattaka reed.* [Note: The reed either dies after it has borne fruit or is cut down for the sake of its fruit.]

°Å·èÇÏ°í °èÇàÀÌ Ã»Á¤ÇÑ ¼ºÀÚ(á¡íº)ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ºñ¹æÇÏ°í °ÅÁþ °¡¸£Ä§À» µû¸£´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚµéÀº, ¿­¸Å°¡ ¿©¹°¸é ÀúÀý·Î ¸»¶óÁ×´Â <ıŸī> °¥´ëó·³ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¸ÁÄ£´Ù.

165

By oneself, indeed, is evil done; by oneself is one injured. By oneself is evil left undone; by oneself is one purified. Purity and impurity belong to oneself. No one purifies another.

Àڽſ¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ÇÀº ÇàÇØÁö°í. Àڽſ¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¶÷Àº ´õ·¯¿öÁø´Ù. ¶Ç Àڽſ¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ÇÀº ÇàÇØÁöÁö ¾Ê±âµµ ÇÏ°í ±ú²ýÇØÁö±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ±ú²ýÇÔ°ú ´õ·¯¿òÀº ÀÚ±â Àڽſ¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¹«µµ ³²À» ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.

166

Let no one neglect his own task for the sake of another's, however great; let him, after he has discerned his own task, devote himself to his task.

³²À» À§ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ¹«¸® Å©´õ¶óµµ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àǹ«¸¦ µîÇÑÈ÷ ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àǹ«¸¦ ¾Ë°í ±× Àǹ«¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

13. ¼¼¼Ó(á¦áÔ)ÀÇ Àå
THE WORLD


167

Do not follow evil law. Do not live in thoughtlessness. Do not follow false doctrine. Do not be a friend of the world.

¾Ç´öÀ» µû¸£Áö ¸»°í ¹æÁ¾ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. ±×¸©µÈ °ßÇØ¿¡ µû¸£Áö ¸»°í ¼¼¼Ó°ú ¹þÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó.

168

Get up (rouse yourself), do not be thoughtless. Follow the law of virtue. He who practises virtue lives happily in this world as well as in the world beyond.

ÀϾ¶ó. °ÔÀ¸¸£Áö ¸»¶ó. °¡¸£Ä£ °èÇà´ë·Î ÇàÇ϶ó. °èÇàÀ» ´Û´Â ÀÚ´Â ±Ý»ýÀ̳ª ³»»ý¿¡¼­ ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ì °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

169

Follow the law of virtue, do not follow the law of sin. He who practises virtue lives happily in this world as well as in the world beyond.

°¡¸£Ä£ °èÇà´ë·Î µû¸£¶ó. ³ª»Û ¹ýÀº µû¸£Áö ¸»¶ó. °¡¸£Ä§´ë·Î ½ÇõÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ±Ý»ýÀ̳ª ³»»ý¿¡¼­ ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ì °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

170

Look upon the world as a bubble: look upon it as a mirage. Him who looks thus upon the world the king of death does not see.

ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀº ¹°°ÅÇ°ÀÌ°í ¾ÆÁö¶ûÀ̶ó°í º¸¶ó. ¼¼»óÀ» ÀÌ°°ÀÌ º¸´Â »ç¶÷À» Á×À½ÀÇ ¿ÕÀº º¸Áö ¸øÇϳª´Ï.

171

Come, look at this world resembling a painted royal chariot. The foolish are sunk in it; for the wise there is no attachment for it.

º¸¶ó, Àß Ä¡ÀåÇÑ ÀÓ±ÝÀÇ ¼ö·¹¸¦. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ±× ¼Ó¿¡ ºüÁö°í, Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÚ´Â °Å±â¿¡ ÁýÂøÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

172

He who formerly was thoughtless and afterwards became reflective (sober) lights up this word like the moon when freed from a cloud.

ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â °ÔÀ»·¶À¸³ª ³ªÁß¿¡´Â Á¤½ÅÂ÷·Á °ÔÀ¸¸£Áö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷Àº, ±¸¸§À» ¹þ¾î³­ ´Þó·³ ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ» ºñÃÄ ÁØ´Ù.

173

He whose evil conduct is covered by good conduct lights up this world like the moon when freed from a cloud.

¾ÇÇàÀÌ ¼±ÇàÀ¸·Î ¼Ò¸êµÇ¸é ±¸¸§À» ¹þ¾î³­ ´Þó·³ ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ» ºñÃÄ ÁØ´Ù.

174

This world is blinded, few only can see here. Like birds escaped from the net a few go to heaven.

ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀº ¾ÏÈæÀÌ°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº µå¹°´Ù. ±×¹°¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª ³¯À¸´Â »õ°¡ µå¹°µíÀÌ.

175

The swans go on the path of the sun, they go through the sky by means of their miraculous power. The wise are led out of this world, having conquered Mara (the tempter) and his hosts.

¹éÁ¶´Â žçÀÇ ±æÀ» °£´Ù. ±×µéÀº ³î¶ó¿î ÈûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´ÃÀ» ³­´Ù. Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ¾Ç¸¶¿Í ±× ¹«¸®µéÀ» À̱â°í ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ» ¹þ¾î³­´Ù.

176

He who violates the one law (the Buddha's doctrine), who speaks falsely, scoffs at another world, there is no evil he will not do.

´Ü ÇϳªÀÎ °¡¸£Ä§(ÝÖÛö)À» ¾î±â°í, °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ°í, ³»¼¼¸¦ ºñ¿ô´Â »ç¶÷Àº ³ª»Û ÁþÀ̶ó¸é ¹«¾ùÀ̳ª ÇÑ´Ù.

177

Verily, the niggardly do not go to the world of the gods. Fools, indeed, do not praise giving. But the wise man, rejoicing in charity, becomes on that (account) happy in the other world.

Áø½Ç·Î ÀλöÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ½ÅÀÇ ¼¼°è¿¡ °¡Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â º¸½Ã¸¦ Âù¾çÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â º¸½Ã¸¦ ±â»µÇÔÀ¸·Î ³»»ý¿¡¼­ ÇູÀ» ´©¸°´Ù.

178

Better than absolute sovereignty on earth, better than going to heaven, better than lordship over all the worlds is the reward of reaching the stream (the attainment of the first step in sanctification).

¶¥À§ÀÇ Àý´ëÀû ÁÖ±Ç(ñ«Ïí)º¸´Ùµµ, Çϴÿ¡ ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â °Íº¸´Ùµµ, ¿Â ¼¼»óÀ» ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ´Â ±Ç·Âº¸´Ùµµ, (¼ºÀÚ°¡ óÀ½À¸·Î µé¾î°¡´Â) ±æ¿¡ µé¾î°¡´Â °±À½ÀÌ ´õ¿í ÈǸ¢ÇÏ´Ù.

14. ºÒŸ(ÝÖöí)ÀÇ Àå
THE BUDDHA (THE AWAKENED)


179

He whose conquest is not conquered again, into whose conquest no one in this world enters, by what track can you lead him, the awakened, of infinite perception, the trackless? [Note: The awakened: (Pali) buddham, anyone who has arrived at complete knowledge, and confined to Gautama, the Buddha. There are many Buddhas, some lived in the dim past; others may rise in the distant future. trackless: (pali) apadam. He has no mark or track by which we can describe him. He defies all description.]

±× ½Â¸®´Â ´Ù½Ã Á¤º¹µÇÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­´Â ¾Æ¹«µµ ±× °°Àº Á¤º¹À» ÇØ º» ÀûÀÌ ¾ø°í, ÇÑ·®¾ø´Â Áö°ß(ò±Ì¸)À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í (êüï®ÀÇ) ÀÚÃëµµ ¾øÀÌ ±úÄ£ »ç¶÷À» ¾î¶»°Ô Àεµ ÇÒ ¼ö Àְڴ°¡?

180

He whom no desire net-like or poisonous can lead astray, by what track can you lead him, the awakened, of infinite perception, the trackless?

±×¹°Ã³·³ µÚ¾ôÈù ¾ÖÂøµµ (±×°ÍÀ») À߸ø ÀεµÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¹«ÇÑÇÑ Áö°ß(ò±Ì¸)À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í (êüï®ÀÇ) ÀÚÃë ¾øÀÌ ±úÄ£ »ç¶÷À» ¾î¶»°Ô ÀεµÇÒ ¼ö Àְڴ°¡?

181

Even the gods emulate those wise men who are given to meditation, who delight in the peace of emancipation (from desire) the enlightened, the thoughtful.

¸í»ó¿¡ Àá±â°í (¿å¸ÁÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ) ÇعæµÇ´Â ÆòÈ­¸¦ ±â»µÇÏ°í ±úÃļ­ ÁöÇý ÀÖ´Â ÇöÀÚ´Â ½ÅÁ¶Â÷ ºÎ·¯¿öÇÑ´Ù.

182

Difficult is it to obtain birth as a human being; difficult is the life of mortals; difficult is the hearing of the true law, difficult is the rise of buddhahood (or enlightenment).

Àΰ£À¸·Î¼­ ž±âµµ ¾î·Æ°í, Á×¾î¾ß ÇÒ ÀÚ°¡ »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â °Íµµ ¾î·Æ°í, Áø½ÇÇÑ ±³¹ýÀ» µè´Â °Íµµ ¾î·Æ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±úÄ¡´Â ÀÏÀº ´õ¿í ¾î·Æ´Ù.

183

The eschewing of all evil, the perfecting of good deeds, the purifying of one's mind, this is the teaching of the Buddhas (the awakened).

¸ðµç ³ª»Û ÁþÀ» ±×¸¸ µÎ°í ÂøÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¿Ï¼öÇÏ°í Àڱ⠸¶À½À» ±ú²ýÀÌ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±úÄ£ ÀÌÀÇ ±³ÈÆÀÌ´Ù.

184

Patience which is long suffering is the highest austerity. The awakened declare nirvana to be the highest (of things). He verily is not an anchorite who oppresses (others); he is not an ascetic who causes grief to another.

°íÅëÀ» Âü´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀº °¡Àå ³ôÀº °íÇàÀÌ´Ù. ±úÄ£ ÀÌ´Â ¿­¹ÝÀ» ÃÖ»óÀ̶ó°í ¿ÜÄ£´Ù. ³²¿¡°Ô Çظ¦ ³¢Ä¡´Â ÀÌ´Â Ãâ°¡ÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ³²¿¡°Ô ½½ÇÄÀ» ÁÖ´Â ÀÌ´Â °íÇàÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.

185

Not reviling, not injuring, (practising) restraint according to the law, moderation in eating, dwelling in solitude, diligence in higher thought, this is the teaching of the awakened.

³²À» ¿åÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ³²À» ÇØÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°í, °èÀ²À» ¾ö¼öÇÏ°í, À½½ÄÀ» ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ°í, Ȧ·Î »ì¸é¼­ ÃÖ°íÀÇ »ý°¢¿¡ Àü³äÇÏ´Â °Í, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±ú´ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±³ÈÆÀÌ´Ù.

186

There is no satisfaction of one's passions even by a shower of gold pieces. He who knows that 'passions are of small enjoyment and productive of pain' is a wise man.

±ÝÀÌ ¼Ò³ª±âó·³ ½ñ¾ÆÁø´Ù ÇÒÁö¶óµµ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¿å¸ÁÀ» ä¿ï ¼ö´Â ¾øÀ¸¸®¶ó. ¿å¸Á¿¡´Â ªÀº Äè¶ô°ú ¸¹Àº °íÅëÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Æ´Â ÀÌ´Â ÇöÀÚÀÌ´Ù.

187

Even in celestial pleasures he finds no delights. The disciple who is fully awakened delights only in the destruction of all desires.

õ»óÀÇ Äè¶ô¿¡µµ Áñ°Å¿òÀº ¾ø´Ù. ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ±ú´ÞÀº Á¦ÀÚ¸¸ÀÌ °¥¾Ö(Êääñ)ÀÇ ¼Ò¸êÀ» ±â»µÇÑ´Ù.

188

Men driven by fear go to many a refuge, to mountains, and to forests, to sacred trees, and shrines.

»ç¶÷µéÀº °øÆ÷¿¡ ÂÑ°Ü »êÀ̳ª ¼öÇ®À̳ª µ¿»êÀÇ ³ª¹«³ª »ç´çÀÇ Çdz­Ã³·Î ¸ô·Á°£´Ù.

189

That, verily, is not a safe refuge, that is not best refuge. After having got to that refuge a man is not delivered from all pains.

±×·¯³ª °Å±â´Â ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í ´õ ¾ø´Â Çdz­Ã³µµ ¸øµÈ´Ù. ±× Çdz­Ã³¸¦ ¾òÀº ÈÄ¿¡µµ ¸ðµç °íÅëÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³ªÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

190

But he who takes refuge in the Buddha, the Law, and the Order, he perceives, in his clear wisdom, the four noble truths. [Note: The Buddha, the Law, and the Order are the three refuges, trisarana, of the Buddhists.]

±×·¯³ª ºÒ¡¤¹ý¡¤½Â¿¡ Çdz­Ã³¸¦ ãÀº »ç¶÷Àº ¸¼Àº ÁöÇý¿¡¼­ ³× °¡Áö °Å·èÇÑ Áø¸®¸¦ º»´Ù.

191

Suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the noble eightfold path which leads to the cessation of suffering.

°í¡¤Áý¡¤¸ê¡¤µµ(ÍÈó¢ØþÔ³)ÀÇ ³× °¡Áö Áø¸®(ÞÌôô)¿Í µµ(Ô³)·Î ÀεµÇÏ´Â ¿©´ü °¡Áö ¹Ù¸¥±æ(ø¢ïáÔ³)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

192

That, verily, is a safe refuge, that is the best refuge; after having got to that refuge a man is delivered from all pains.

±×°Í¸¸ÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í ´õ ¾ø´Â Çdz­Ã³ÀÌ´Ù. ±× Çdz­Ã³¸¦ ¾òÀº ÈÄ¿¡´Â ¿Â°® °íÅëÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³ª°Ô µÈ´Ù.

193

A well-bred person (a Buddha) is difficult to be found. He is not born everywhere. Wherever such a wise one is born that household prospers.

Å»ýÀÌ ÁÁÀº ºÎó´Ô °°Àº Àι°Àº ¸¸³ª±â ¾î·Æ°í, ±×´Â ¾Æ¹«µ¥¼­³ª ž´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº Çö¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ Å¾ °¡¹®Àº ¹øâÇϸ®¶ó.

194

Blessed is the birth of the awakened; blessed is the teaching of the true law; blessed is concord in the Order; blessed is the austerity of those who live in concord.

±ú´ÞÀº ÀÌÀÇ Åº»ý¿¡ ÃູÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¶ó. Áø¸®ÀÇ ¼³¹ýµµ, ±³´ÜÀÇ ´Ü°áµµ, ´Ü°á ¼Ó¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀÇ °íÇà¿¡µµ ÃູÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¶ó.

195

He who pays homage to those who are worthy of homage, whether the awakened or their disciples, those who have overcome the host (of evils) and crossed beyond the stream of sorrow.

±ú´ÞÀº »ç¶÷À̳ª ±×ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚµéÀ̳ª ¶Ç´Â ¸¶±ºÀ» Á¤º¹ÇÏ°í ½½ÇÄÀÇ °­À» °Ç³Ê°£ »ç¶÷À» Á¸°æÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´Â.

196

He who pays homage to such as have found deliverance and are free from fear, this his merit cannot be measured by anyone.

ÇØÅ»(ú°÷­)À» ¹ß°ßÇß°í, °øÆ÷·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷À» Á¸°æÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´Â ±×ÀÇ °ø´öÀÌ ÇÑ·®¾øÀ¸¸®¶ó.

15. Çູ(ú¹ÜØ)ÀÇ Àå
HAPPINESS


197

Let us live happily then, hating none in the midst of men who hate. Let us dwell free from hate among men who hate.

¹Ì¿öÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé °¡¿îµ¥¼­ »ì¸é¼­ ¾Æ¹«µµ ¹Ì¿öÇÏÁö ¸»°í ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ìÀÚ. ¹Ì¿öÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé °¡¿îµ¥ ¹Ì¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª »ìÀÚ.

198

Let us live happily then, free from disease in the midst of those who are afflicted with disease. Let us dwell free from disease among men who are afflicted with disease.

º´µé¾î ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ °¡¿îµ¥ »ì¸é¼­ º´¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ìÀÚ. º´µé¾î ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ °¡¿îµ¥ º´¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª »ìÀÚ.

199

Let us live happily then, free from care in the midst of those who are careworn; let us dwell free from care among men who are careworn.

±Ù½É¿¡ ÁöÄ£ »ç¶÷µé°ú ÇÔ²² »ì¸é¼­ ±Ù½É¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ìÀÚ. ±Ù½É¿¡ ÁöÄ£ »ç¶÷µé°ú »ì¸é¼­ ±Ù½É¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª »ìÀÚ.

200

Let us live happily then, we who possess nothing. Let us dwell feeding on happiness like the shining gods.

¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿ì¸®´Â ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ìÀÚ. ¿ì¸®´Â ±¤À½Ãµ(ÎÃëåô¸)°°ÀÌ ÇູÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸¸ç »ìÀÚ.

201

Victory breeds hatred; the conquered dwells in sorrow. He who has given up (thoughts of both) victory and defeat, he is calm and lives happily.

½Â¸®´Â ¿øÇÑÀ» °¡Á®¿À°í ÆÐÀÚ´Â ½½ÇÄ¿¡ »ê´Ù. ½Â¸®³ª Æйè(ÀÇ µÎ »ý°¢)¸¦ ¹ö¸° ÀÚ´Â °í¿äÇÏ°í ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ê´Ù.

202

There is no fire like passion, no ill like hatred, there is no sorrow like this physical existence (individuality), there is no happiness higher than tranquillity.

¾Ö¿åº¸´Ù ´õÇÑ ºÒ±æÀº ¾ø°í, ¹Ì¿òº¸´Ù ´õÇÑ ºÒÇàÀº ¾øÀ¸¸ç, À°Ã¼Àû Á¸À纸´Ù ´õÇÑ °í³ú´Â ¾ø°í, ÀûÁ¤(îÖð¡) º¸´Ù ´õÇÑ ÇູÀº ¾ø´Ù.

203

Greediness is the worst of diseases; propensities are the greatest of sorrows. To him who has known this truly, nirvana is the highest bliss.

Ž¿åÀº °¡Àå ³ª»Û º´ÀÌ°í, ¾ÖÂøÀº °¡Àå Å« ½½ÇÄÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÂüÀ¸·Î ¾Æ´Â ÀÌ¿¡°Ô ¿­¹ÝÀº ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÃູÀÌ µÈ´Ù.

204

Health is the greatest of gifts, contentment is the greatest wealth; trust is the best of relationships. Nirvana is the highest happiness.

°Ç°­Àº °¡Àå Å« ÀºÇýÀÌ°í, ¸¸Á·Àº °¡Àå Å« Àç»êÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ï°í ÀÇÁöÇÔÀº °¡Àå ±ÍÇÑ ¹þÀÌ°í ¿­¹ÝÀº °¡Àå ³ôÀº ÇູÀÌ´Ù.

205

Having tasted the sweetness of solitude and the sweetness of tranquillity he becomes free from fear and free from sin while he drinks the sweetness of the joy of the law.

°íµ¶°ú ÀûÁ¤ÀÇ ¸ÀÀ» º» »ç¶÷Àº ±×°¡ Áø¸®ÀÇ ±â»ÝÀ» ¸¶½Ã°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ °øÆ÷³ª Á˷κÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³­´Ù.

206

The sight of the noble is good; to live with them (in their company) is always happiness. He will be always happy who does not see fools.

°í±ÍÇÑ »ç¶÷À» º¸´Â ÀÏÀº ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ±×¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °ÍÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª Áñ°Ì´Ù. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¸¦ º¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ´Ã ÇູÇÏ´Ù.

207

He who consorts with a fool suffers a long time. Association with fools as with an enemy is always (productive of) pain. Association with the wise, as meeting with one's kinsfolk, is (productive of) happiness.

¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¿Í µ¿ÇàÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¿À·§µ¿¾È ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °ÍÀº ¿ø¼ö¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °Íó·³ ¾ðÁ¦³ª °íÅëÀÌ´Ù. Çö¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷°ú ÇÔ²² »ç´Â ÀÏÀº ģôµéÀÇ ¸ðÀÓó·³ ÇູÀ» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

208

Therefore, even as the moon follows the path of the constellations one should follow the wise, the intelligent, the learned, the much enduring, the dutiful, the noble: such a good and wise man (one should follow).

±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´ÞÀÌ ÃµÃ¼ÀÇ ±Ëµµ¸¦ µû¸£µíÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº Çö¸íÇÏ°í ÁöÇý ÀÖ°í ³Î¸® ¹è¿ì°í Àß °ßµð°í ¿¹ÀÇ ¹Ù¸£°í °í»óÇÑ À̸¦ µû¸£¶ó.

16. Äè¶ô(öáÕ¥)ÀÇ Àå
PLEASURE


209

He who gives himself to the distractions (of the world) and does not give himself to meditation, giving up his own welfare and grasping at pleasure, will envy him who exerts himself in meditation.

(¼¼¼ÓÀÇ ÀÏ¿¡) Á¤½ÅÀÌ Èð¾îÁ®¼­ ¸í»óÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¹ö¸®°í, Äè¶ôÀ» µû¸£´Â ÀÚ´Â ¸í»ó¿¡ ±íÀÌ Àá±ä ÀÚ¸¦ ºÎ·¯¿öÇÑ´Ù.

210

Let no man cling to what is pleasant of unpleasant. Not to see what is pleasant is pain as also (it is pain) to see what is unpleasant.

Äè¶ôÀ̳ª Äè¶ô ¾Æ´Ñ °Í¿¡ ²ô´Þ¸®Áö ¸»¶ó. Äè¶ôÀ» º¸Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â °Íµµ °íÅëÀÌ°í, Äè¶ô ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ» º¸´Â °Íµµ °íÅëÀÌ´Ù.

211

Therefore, do not take a liking to anything; loss of the loved object is evil. There are no bonds for him who has neither likes nor dislikes.

±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸¸µéÁö ¸»¶ó. ÁÁ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÒ´Â °Íµµ Àç¾ÓÀÌ´Ù. ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °Íµµ, ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °Íµµ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷Àº ÁýÂøÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.

212

From the liked arises grief; from the liked arises fear. To one who is free from liking there is no grief. How (then can there be) fear?

ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡¼­ ±Ù½ÉÀÌ »ý±â°í, ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡¼­ µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù. ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â µ¥¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ´Â ½½ÇÄÀÌ ¾ø´Âµ¥, ¾îÂî µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·ª.

213

From affection arises grief; from affection arises fear. To one who is free from affection there is no grief. How (then can there be) fear?

¾ÖÂø¿¡¼­ ½½ÇÄÀº ¿À°í, ¾ÖÂø¿¡¼­ °øÆ÷´Â ¿Â´Ù. ¾ÖÂø¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ¿¡°Õ ½½ÇÄÀÌ ¾ø´Âµ¥, ¾îÂî µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·ª?

214

From enjoyment arises grief, from enjoyment arises fear. To one who is free from enjoyment there is no grief. How (then can there be) fear.

Áñ°Å¿ò¿¡¼­ ½½ÇÄÀº ¿À°í, Áñ°Å¿ò¿¡¼­ µÎ·Á¿òÀº ¿Â´Ù. Áñ°Å¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ¿¡°Õ ½½ÇÄÀÌ ¾ø´Âµ¥ ¾îÂî µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·ª.

215

From desire arises grief, from desire arises fear. To one who is free from desire there is no grief. How (then can there be) fear?

¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ ½½ÇÄÀº ¿À°í, ¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ µÎ·Á¿òÀº ¿Â´Ù. ¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ¿¡°Õ ½½ÇÄÀÌ ¾ø´Âµ¥, ¾îÂî µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·ª.

216

From craving arises grief, from craving arises fear. To one who is free from craving there is no grief. How (then can there be) fear?

°¥¸Á¿¡¼­ ½½ÇÄÀº ¿À°í, °¥¾Ö(Êääñ)¿¡¼­ µÎ·Á¿òÀº ¿Â´Ù. °¥¾Ö¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ ÀÌ¿¡°Õ ½½ÇÄÀÌ ¾ø´Âµ¥, ¾îÂî µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·ª.

217

Him who is endowed with virtue and insight, who is established in the law, who is truthful, who minds his own affairs, him the world holds dear.

°èÇà°ú ÅëÂû·ÂÀ» ±¸ºñÇÏ°í, ±³¹ý´ë·Î ÇàÇÏ°í, Áø½ÇÀ» ¸»ÇÏ°í, ÀÚ±â ÇÒ Àϸ¸ ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¸¦ »ç¶÷µéÀº »ç¶ûÇÑ´Ù.

218

He in whom a desire for the Ineffable has arisen, who is replete with mind, whose thought is freed from desires, he is called one who ascends the stream.

À̸§ÁöÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â °Í(¿­¹Ý)À» °¥±¸ÇÏ°í, ÀÇ¿åÀÌ °­ÇÏ°í, ±× »ý°¢ÀÌ ¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ À̸¦ (»ý»çÀÇ) <È帧À» °Å½½·¯ °¡´Â »ç¶÷>À̶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

219

When a man who has been long away returns safe from afar, kinsmen, friends, and well-wishers receive him gladly.

¿À·£ ¼¼¿ù ŸÇâÀ» Çì¸Å´ø ³ª±×³×°¡ ¹«»çÈ÷ (°íÇâÀ¸·Î) µ¹¾Æ ¿ÔÀ» ¶§, ģôÀ̳ª Ä£±¸µéÀÌ ±×¸¦ ¹Ý±âµíÀÌ.

220

Even so his good deeds receive the good man who has gone from this world to the next, as kinsmen receive a friend on his return.

¼±ÇàÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ Àú ¼¼»óÀ¸·Î °Ç³Ê°£ »ç¶÷Àº ȯ¿µ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

17. ºÐ³ë(ÝÈÒÁ)ÀÇ Àå
ANGER


221

Let a man put away anger, let him renounce pride. Let him get beyond all worldly attachments; no suflerings befall him who is not attached to name and form (phenomenal existence), who calls nothing his own.

³ë¿©¿òÀ» Âü°í °Å¸¸À» ¹ö·Á¶ó. ¼¼¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¼Ó¹ÚÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼­¶ó. ¸í»ö(Ù£ßä)¿¡ ÁýÂøÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô °íÅëÀº ¿ÀÁö ¾Ê´À´Ï¶ó.

222

He who curbs his rising anger like a chariot gone astray (over the plain), him I call a real charioteer, others but hold the reins (and do not deserve to be called charioteers).

¸¶±¸ ´Þ¸®´Â ¸¶Â÷ó·³ ÀϾ´Â ³ë¿©¿òÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷À» ³ª´Â ÁøÂ¥ '¸¶ºÎ'¶ó°í ºÎ¸£°Ú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº °í»ß¸¸À» Áã°í Àִµ¥ ¡¦¡¦.

223

Let a man overcome anger by non-anger (gentleness), let him overcome evil by good, let him overcome the miser by liberality, let him overcome the liar by truth.

»ç¶÷Àº ³ë¿©¿öÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½À¸·Î½á ³ë¿©¿òÀ» ±Øº¹ÇÏ°í, ¼±Çà¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¾ÇÇàÀ», º£Ç¯À¸·Î½á ÀλöÇÔÀ», Áø½Ç·Î½á °ÅÁþÀ» ±Øº¹ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

224

One should speak the truth, not yield to anger, even if asked for a little. By these three means one will certainly come into the presence of the gods.

»ç¶÷Àº Áø½Ç¸¸À» ¸»ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°í, ³ë¿©¿ò¿¡ Á®¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ºñ·Ï ¾ÆÁÖ ÀûÀº °ÍÀ» ¹Ù¶ó´õ¶óµµ ÁÖ¶ó. ÀÌ ¼¼ °¡Áö ´öÇàÀ¸·Î ±×´Â ½ÅÀÇ °çÀ¸·Î °£´Ù.

225

The sages who injure none, who always control their body, go to the unchangeable place, where, having gone, they do not grieve.

»ì»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Ç×»ó À°½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¼ºÀÚ(á¡íº)´Â ºÒº¯(ÝÕܨ)ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ À̸¥´Ù. °Å±â¿¡ À̸£¸é ½½ÆÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

226

Those who are ever vigilant (wakeful), who study by day and by night, who strive after nirvana, their taints come to an end.

ºÎÁö·±ÇÏ°í, ¹ã³· °øºÎÇÏ°í, ¿­¹ÝÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¼­ ¶§¹¯Àº °ÍÀº ¾ø¾îÁø´Ù.

227

This is an old saying, O Atula, this is not (a saying) only of today. 'They blame him who remains silent, they blame him who talks much, they blame also him who speaks in moderation.' There is not anyone in the world who is not blamed. [Note: Atula is the name of the pupil whom Gautama addresses in this verse.]

'¾ÆÅø¶ó'¿©, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿¹ÀüºÎÅÍ ÀÖ´ø ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. 'ħ¹¬À» ÁöÄѵµ ¿åÀ» ¸Ô°í, ¸»À» ¸¹ÀÌ Çصµ ¿åÀ» ¸Ô°í, Àû´çÈ÷ ¸»Çصµ ¿å¸Ô´Â´Ù'°í. ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ¿å ¾È ¸Ô´Â ÀÚ´Â ¾ø´Ù.

228

There never was, nor will be, nor is there now to be found anyone who is (wholly) blamed, anyone who is (wholly) praised.

¿¹Àü¿¡µµ ¾ø¾ú°í Áö±Ýµµ ¾ø°í ¹Ì·¡¿¡µµ ¾øÀ¸¸®¶ó. ¿å¸¸ ¸Ô´Â »ç¶÷µµ, ĪÂù¸¸ ¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷µµ¡¦¡¦.

229

But he whom the discriminating praise observing day after day, as without blemish, wise, endowed with meditative wisdom and virtue,

ÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº ÇàÀ§¿¡ ÈìÀÌ ¾ø°í, ÃѸíÇؼ­ ÁöÇý¿Í °èÇàÀ» °®Ãß¾ú´Ù°í ¼ºÀÚ°¡ ³¯¸¶´Ù »ìÆì¼­ ĪÂùÇÑ´Ù¸é,

230

who is worthy to blame him who is like a gold coin from the Jambu river? Even the gods praise him; he is praised even by Brahma.

'ÀáºÎ' °­¿¡¼­ ¾òÀº µ¿Àü °°Àº ±×¸¦ ´©°¡ ¿åÇϰڴ°¡? µµ¸®¾î ½Åµéµµ ¹üõ(Ûïô¸)µµ ±×¸¦ ĪÂùÇÏ°í ¡¦¡¦.

231

Let one be watchful of bodily irritation. Let him practise restraint of the body. Having abandoned the sins of the body let him practise virtue with his body.

À°½ÅÀÇ ³ë±â¸¦ Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó. À°½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦Ç϶ó. À°½Å¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Á˸¦ ¹ö¸®°í À°½ÅÀ¸·Î½á ¼±ÇàÀ» Ç϶ó.

232

Let one be watchful of speech-irritation. Let him practise restraint of speech. Having abandoned the sins of speech let him practise virtue with his speech.

¸»ÀÇ ³ë±â¸¦ Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó. ¸»À» ¾ïÁ¦Ç϶ó. ¸»¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Á˸¦ ¹ö¸®°í, ¸»·Î½á ¼±ÇàÀ» Ç϶ó.

233

Let one be watchful of mind-irritation. Let him practise restraint of mind. Having abandoned the sins of mind let him practise virtue with his mind.

¶æÀÇ ³ë±â¸¦ Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó. ¶æÀ» ¾ïÁ¦Ç϶ó. ¶æ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Á˸¦ ¹ö¸®°í, ¶æÀ¸·Î½á ¼±ÇàÀ» Ç϶ó.

234

The wise who control their body, who likewise control their speech, the wise who control their mind are indeed well controlled.

ÇöÀÚ´Â À°½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¸»À» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¶æÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù. ±×µé ÇöÀÚ´Â ÂüÀ¸·Î Àß ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù.

18. ¶§¹¯À½ÀÇ Àå
IMPURITY


235

You ar now like a withered leaf; even messengers of death have come near you. You stand at the threshold of departure (at the gate of death) and you have made no provision (for your journey).

ÀÌÁ¦ ±×´ë´Â ½Ãµé¾îÁø ³«¿±ÀÌ´Ù. Á×À½ÀÇ »çÀÚ´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ±×´ëÀÇ °ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´ë´Â Á×À½À¸·Î °¡´Â ±æ¸ñ¿¡ ¼­ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ±×´ë¿¡°Ô´Â ³ëÀÚ¸¶Àú ¾ø±¸³ª.

236

Make for yourself an island (refuge), strive quickly, be wise. When your impurities are purged and you are free from sin you will reach heaven, the land of the elect. [Note: island: (pali) d?pa. D?pa is the name for a lamp. The Buddha is called d?pankara. The first part of the verse may also be rendered 'make of the self a lamp.']

±×´ë´Â ½º½º·Î Çdz­Ã³¸¦ ¸¸µé¶ó. ±×¸®°í ¼­µÑ·¯¶ó. Çö¸íÇ϶ó. ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁö°í ÁË¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª¸é, ±×´ë´Â õ»óÀÇ ¼ºÁö·Î ¿Ã¶ó°¡¸®¶ó.

237

Your life has come near to an end, you are arrived in the presence of Yama (the king of death). There is no resting-place for you on the way and you have made no provision (for your journey).

ÀÌÁ¦ ±×´ë´Â ÀÓÁ¾¿¡ ´Ù´Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×´ë´Â ¿°¶ó´ë¿ÕÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡ °¡·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù. µµÁß¿¡ ½¯ ÀÚ¸®µµ ¾ø´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ³ëÀÚ¸¶Àú ¾ø´Ù.

238

Make for yourself and island, strive quickly, be wise. When your impurities are purged and you are free from sin, you will not again enter into birth and old age.

±×´ë´Â ½º½º·Î Çdz­Ã³¸¦ ¸¸µé¶ó. ±×¸®°í ¼­µÑ·¯¶ó. Çö¸íÇ϶ó. ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁö°í Á˷κÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³ª¸é, ±×´ë´Â ´Ù½Ã ž ´Ä¾îÁ×Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸®¶ó.

239

As a smith removes the impurities of silver, even so let a wise man remove the impurities of himself one by one, little by little, and from time to time.

´ëÀåÀåÀÌ°¡ Àº(ëÞ)À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÒ¼ø¹°À» Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â °Íó·³, ÇöÀÚ´Â Çϳª¾¿Çϳª¾¿ Á¡Â÷·Î ÀÚ±âÀÇ ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)À» Á¦°ÅÇÑ´Ù.

240

Impurity arising from iron eats into it though born from itself, likewise the evil deeds of the transgressor lead him to the evil state.

¼è¿¡¼­ »ý±ä ³ìÀÌ ¼è¸¦ ¸Ô¾î µé¾î°¡µí, ÁËÀÎÀÇ ¾ÇÇàÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î µ¥·Á°£´Ù.

241

Non-recitation is the impurity of the seeker, non-exertion is the impurity of house; indolence is the impurity of (personal) appearance, and thoughtlessness is the impurity of the watchful.

µ¶°æ(ÔÁÌè)ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½Àº ±¸µµÀÚÀÇ ¿ÀÁ¡(çýïÇ)ÀÌ°í, ¼ö¸®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÁýÀº ´õ·¯¿öÁö°í, °ÔÀ¸¸§Àº ¿ë¸ð¿¡ ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ µÇ°í, ¹æÁ¾Àº °è¸¦ ÁöÅ°´Â ÀÚÀÇ ¿ÀÁ¡ÀÌ´Ù.

242

Bad conduct is the impurity of a woman; niggardliness is the impurity of the giver; evil deeds are impurities in this world and in the next.

ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)ÇÑ ÇàÀ§´Â ºÎÀÎÀÇ ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ°í, ÀλöÇÑ °ÍÀº º¸½ÃÀÚÀÇ ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ°í, ¾ÇÇàÀº ±Ý»ý°ú ³»»ýÀÇ ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ´Ù.

243

But there is an impurity greater than all impurities. Ignorance is the greatest impurity. O mendicants, having cast away that impurity, be free from all impurities.

±×·¯³ª ´õ·¯¿ò °¡¿îµ¥¼­µµ °¡Àå Å« ´õ·¯¿òÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¹«Áö(Ùíò±)°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºñ±¸µéÀÌ¿©, ÀÌ ´õ·¯¿òÀ» ¾Ä¾î ¹ö¸²À¸·Î½á ¸ðµç ´õ·¯¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª¸®.

244

Life is easy to live for one who is shameless, who is of (the boldness of) a crow hero, for the mischief-maker for the slanderer, for the impudent, and for the impure.

¼öÄ¡¸¦ ¸ð¸£°í ±î¸¶±Íó·³ ¿ë°¨ÇÏ°í, ÀÌ°£ÇÏ°í ³²À» Áß»óÇÏ°í °Å¸¸ÇÏ°í ´õ·¯¿î ä·Î »ç´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀλýÀº »ì±â ½±´Ù.

245

But life is hard to live for one who has a sense of modesty, who always seeks for what is pure, who is disinterested, not impudent, who lives in purity; the man of insight.

±×·¯³ª ¼öÄ¡¸¦ ¾Ë°í ¾ðÁ¦³ª ³¢²ýÇÔÀ» ±¸ÇÏ°í, ÁýÂøÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, °Å¸¸ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê°í, Á¶ÃÊ·Ó°Ô »ç´Â Á¤°ßÀÚ(ïá̸íº)¿¡°Ô ÀλýÀº »ì±â Èûµé´Ù.

246

He who destroys life, who speaks untruth, who in this world takes what is not given to him, who goes to another man's wife,

»ì»ýÀ» ÇÏ°í, °ÅÁþÀ» ¸»ÇÏ°í, ÀÌ»ý¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾îÁöÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ÃëÇÏ°í, ³²ÀÇ ¾Æ³»¸¦ ¹üÇÏ°í,

247

and he who gives himself to drinking intoxicating liquors, he, even in this world, digs up his own root.

¼úÀ» ¸¶½Ã´Â µ¥ ºüÁ®¹ö¸° »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »Ñ¸®¸¦ ÆÄ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

248

Know this, O man, that evil things befall the unrestrained. Let not greed and wrong-doing bring you to grief for a long time.

¿À, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ¿©! ¾ÇÇàÀº ÀÚÁ¦(í»ð¤) ¸øÇÔ¿¡¼­ ¿Â´Ù. Ž¿å°ú ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ Çà½Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±æÀÌ °íÅëÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸»¶ó.

249

Men give (alms) according to their faith or according to their friendliness. Therefore, he who frets about the drink and food given to others does not, either by day or by night, enjoy peace of mind.

»ç¶÷Àº ½Å½É°ú ¿ìÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó º¸½ÃÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³²ÀÇ À½½Ä¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾ð¨°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ¸é ¹ã³·À¸·Î Æò¾ÈÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

250

He in whom this spirit (of envy) is destroyed, removed, by the very root, he, indeed, by day and by night, enjoys peace of mind.

(³²À» ºÎ·¯¿öÇÏ´Â) »ý°¢ÀÌ »Ñ¸® ä ¾ø¾îÁø »ç¶÷Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î ¸¶À½ÀÇ Æò¾ÈÀ» ´©¸°´Ù.

251

There is no fire like passion, no capturer like hatred, there is no net (snare) like delusion, no torrent like craving.

¾ÖÂøó·³ ½ÉÇÑ ºÒ±æÀº ¾ø°í, Áõ¿À ¸¸ÇÑ Æ÷¼ö(øÚâ¢)µµ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ¹Ì¸Á(Ú»ØÍ)¿¡ ºñ±æ ±×¹°µµ ¾ø°í, °¥¾Ö(Êääñ)°°Àº °Ý·ù(Ì­×µ)µµ ¾ø´Ù.

252

The fault of others is easily seen; our own is difficult to see. A man winnows others' faults like chaff, but his own faults he hides even as a cheat hides an unlucky throw.

³²ÀÇ Çã¹°Àº ½±°Ô ´«¿¡ ¶çÁö¸¸ ÀÚ±â Çã¹°Àº ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ³²ÀÇ Çã¹°Àº °Üó·³ ±îºÒ¾î ¹ö¸®Áö¸¸ ÀÚ±â Çã¹°Àº °¨Ãá´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ µµ¹Ú²ÛÀÌ ºÒ¸®(ÝÕ××)ÇÑ Æи¦ °¨Ãß´Â °Íó·³.

253

To him who is observant of the faults of others, who is ever censorious, his own passions increase and he is far from the destruction of passions.

³²ÀÇ Çã¹°À» µéÃç³»¾î Ç×»ó ³ª¹«¶ó´Â ÀÚÀÇ ¾ÖÂøÀº ¼Ò¸êÇϱâ´ÂÄ¿³ç µµ¸®¾î ºÒ¾î °¡±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

254

There is no path in the sky, there is no recluse (adopting the Buddhist path) outside (of us), mankind delights in worldliness; the Buddhas are free from worldliness.

Çã°ø¿¡´Â ±æÀÌ ¾ø°í, ¿Üµµ(èâÔ³)¿¡´Â ¼öÇàÀÚ°¡ ¾ø´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ¼¼¼ÓÀÇ ¹Ì¸Á(Ú»ØÍ)¿¡¼­ Áñ°Å¿öÇÏÁö¸¸ ºÎó´ÔÀº ¼¼¼ÓÀÇ ¹Ì¸Á¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª ÀÖ´Ù.

255

There is no path in the sky, there is no recluse outside (of us). Nothing in the phenomenal world is eternal, there is no instability to the awakened.

Çã°ø¿¡´Â ±æÀÌ ¾ø°í, ¿Üµµ(èâÔ³)¿¡´Â ¼öÇàÀÚ°¡ ¾ø´Ù. Çö»ó°è¿¡´Â ¿µ¿øÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±ú´ÞÀº »ç¶÷¿¡°Õ Èçµé¸²ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.

19. Á¤ÀÇ(ïáëù)ÀÇ Àå
THE RIGHTEOUS


256

He who carries out his purpose by violence is not therein righteous (established in the law). He is wise who decides both advantage and disadvantage.

°­Á¦·Î ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» ¼öÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇ´Â ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇ´Â °Í°ú ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ºÐº°ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´Â Çö¸íÇÏ´Ù.

257

He who guides others by a procedure that is non-violent and equitable, he is said to be a guardian of the law, wise and righteous.

°­Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í Á¶¸® ÀÖ´Â ÀýÂ÷¿¡ µû¶ó ³²À» ÀεµÇÏ°í, Çö¸íÇÏ°í °øÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Áø¸®ÀÇ ¼öÈ£ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

258

A man is not learned simply because he talks much. He who is tranquil, free from hatred, free from fear, he is said to be learned.

¸»À» ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÑ´Ù°í Çؼ­ ±×°¡ ¹è¿î »ç¶÷À̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. Á¶¿ëÇÏ°í ¹Ì¿ò°ú µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷À» ¹è¿î »ç¶÷À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.

259

A man is not a supporter of the law simply because he talks much, but he who, little learned, discerns it by his body, he who does not neglect the law, he, indeed, is the supporter of the law.

¸»À» ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÑ´Ù°í Çؼ­ È£¹ýÀÚ(ûÞÛöíº)°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¹è¿î °ÍÀº Àû´õ¶óµµ ¸öÀ¸·Î½á ±×°ÍÀ» ºÐº°ÇÏ°í Áø¸®¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ Áø¸®ÀÇ ¼öÈ£ÀÚÀÌ´Ù.

260

A man is not an elder simply because his head (hair) is grey. His age is ripe, but he is called grown old in vain.

¸Ó¸®Ä«¶ôÀÌ Èñ´Ù°í Çؼ­ Àå·Î(íþÖÕ)°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ³ªÀÌ´Â µé¾úÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ÇêµÇÀÌ ´ÄÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

261

He in whom dwell truth, virtue, non-violence, restraint, control, he who is free from impurity and is wise, he is called an elder.

Áø½Ç°ú °èÇà°ú ºÒ»ì»ý°ú ÀÚÁ¦¿¡ »ì°í, ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)À» ¹þ¾î³ª°í Çö¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Àå·Î¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

262

Not by mere talk, not by the beauty of the complexion, does a man who is envious, greedy, and wicked become of good disposition.

ÁúÅõ¿Í ¿å½ÉÀÌ ¸¹°í °£»çÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¸» ÀßÇϰųª, ¿ë¸ð°¡ ¾Æ¸§´ä´Ù°í Çؼ­ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Àι°ÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.

263

He in whom these (envy, greed, and wickedness) are destroyed, removed by the very root, he who is free from guilt and is wise, is said to be handsome.

(ÁúÅõ³ª Ž¿åÀ̳ª °£±³°¡) »Ñ¸® ä ¼Ò¸êµÇ°í, Á˷κÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³ª¼­ Çö¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Àι°À̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

264

Not by tonsure does one who is undisciplined and who speaks untruth become a religious man. How can one who is full of desire and greed be a religious man? [Note: religious man: Pali samana is derived from sam to quiet. He who quiets the senses is a samana.]

±Ù½ÅÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Áø½ÇÇÏÁöµµ ¸øÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ±ð¾Ò´Ù°í Çؼ­ Á¾±³ÀÎÀÌ µÉ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. °¥¾Ö(Êääñ)¿¡ Â÷ ÀÖ°í ¿å½É²Ù·¯±â°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô Á¾±³ÀÎÀÌ µÉ ¼ö Àְڴ°¡?

265

But he who always quiets the evil tendencies, small or large, he is called a religious man because he has quieted all, evil.

ÀÛ°Ç Å©°Ç ¾ÇÇÑ ¼ºÁúÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº, ±×°¡ ¸ðµç ¾ÇÇàÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Á¾±³ÀÎÀ̶ó°í ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

266

He is not a mendicant simply because he begs others (for alms). He who adopts the whole law is a mendicant, not he who adopts only a part.

´Ù¸¸ °É½Ä(Ë÷ãÝ)ÇÑ´Ù°í Çؼ­ Ź¹ß(öõÛ¤)½ÂÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. ¸ðµç Áø¸®¸¦ ½ÇõÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ Å¹¹ß½ÂÀÌ´Ù.

267

But he who is above good and evil and is chaste, who comports himself in the world with knowledge, he, indeed, is called a mendicant.

±×·¯³ª ¼±°ú ¾ÇÀ» ³Ñ¾î ¼­¼­ ¼ø°áÇÏ°í, Áö½ÄÀ¸·Î½á ¼¼»ó¿¡ óÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº Ź¹ß½ÂÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

268

By (observing) silence a man does not become a sage if he be foolish and ignorant; but that wise man, who, holding (as it were) the scale, takes what is good,

¾î¸®¼®°í ¹«½ÄÇÏ´Ù¸é ħ¹¬¿¡ ÀÇÇÒÁö¶óµµ ¼ºÀÚ µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Àú¿ïÁúÇϸ鼭 ÁÁÀº °Í¸¸ ÃëÇÏ°í ¾ÇÇàÀ» ÇÇÇÏ´Â Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â,

269

and avoids the evil, he is the sage, is a sage for that (very) reason. He who in this world weighs both sides, is called a sage on that (very) account.

´Ù¸¸ ±× ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ºÀÚ°¡ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ (¼±°ú ¾Ç)ÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö¸¦ Àú¿ïÁúÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ±× ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ºÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

270

A man is not noble (or elect) because he injures living creatures. He is called noble because he does not injure living beings.

Áß»ýÀ» ÇØÄ¡´Â ±î´ß¿¡ ±×¸¦ °í»óÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Áß»ýÀ» ÇØÄ¡Áö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °í»óÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

271

Not only by disciplined conduct and vows, not only by much learning, nor moreover by the attainment of meditative calm nor by sleeping solitary,

´öÇà°ú ¼­¿ø(à¥êÃ)°ú ¹Ú½Ä(ÚÏãÛ)¿¡ ÀÇÇϰųª ´õ¿í ¸í»óÇÏ´Â °í¿äÇÔÀ̳ª È¥ÀÚ ÀáÀ¸·Î Çؼ­,

272

do I reach the happiness of release which no worldling can attain. O mendicant, do not be confident (rest not content) so long as you have not reached the extinction of impurities.

¼¼»ó »ç¶÷ÀÌ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÇØÅ»ÀÇ °æÁö¿¡ À̸£´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¿À, Ź¹ß½ÂÀÌ¿©! ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)À» ¼Ò¸êÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ÇÑ ÀÚ½Å(í»ãá)À» °®Áö ¸»¶ó.

20. ±æÀÇ Àå
THE PATH


273

Of paths the eightfold is the best; of truths the (best are) four sayings (truths); of virtues freedom from attachment is the best; of men (literally two-footed beings) he who is possessed of sight.* [Note: he who is possessed of sight : (pali) cakkhuma. He who has the eye for truth.]

¸ðµç ±æ °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ÆÈÁ¤µµ(ø¢ïáÔ³)°¡ Á¦ÀÏÀÌ°í, ¸ðµç Áø¸® °¡¿îµ¥¼­ »ç¼ºÁ¦(ÞÌá¡ôô)°¡ Á¦ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ÀÚÀ¯ °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ÇØÅ»ÀÌ Á¦ÀÏÀÌ°í, ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ±¸¾ÈÀÚ(ÎýäÑíº)°¡ Á¦ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.

274

This is the path; there is none other that leads to the purifying of insight. You follow this (path). This will be to confuse (escape from) Mara (death, sin).

ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±æÀÌ´Ù. Áö°ßÀ» ¸¼°Ô ÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ±æÀº ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ±æÀ» µû¸£¶ó. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾Ç¸¶¸¦ ¾îÁö·´È÷¸®.

275

Going on this path, you will end your suffering. This path was preached by me when I became aware of the removal of the thorns (in the flesh).

ÀÌ ±æÀ» °¡¸é ±×´ëÀÇ °íÅëÀº ³¡³ª¸®¶ó. (À°Ã¼ÀÇ °¡½Ã)°¡ Á¦°ÅµÈ ÁÙÀ» ¾Ë¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ³ª´Â ÀÌ ±æÀ» °¡¸®Å°¸®¶ó. * À°Ã¼ÀÇ °¡½Ã: °íÅëÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀ» ºñÀ¯ÇÔ.

276

You yourself must strive. The Blessed Ones* are (only) preachers. Those who enter the path and practise meditation are released from the bondage of Mara (death, sin). [Note: The Blessed one : pali; tathagata, those who have arrived, have reached nirvana.]

±×´ë´Â Èû½á ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ¿©·¡(åýÕÎ)´Â (´Ù¸¸) ¼³¹ýÀÚ¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±× ±æ¿¡ µé¾î¼­°í ¸í»óÀ» ½ÇõÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â Á×À½ÀÇ »ç½½¿¡¼­ ÇعæµÈ´Ù.

277

'All created things are impermanent (transitory).' When one by wisdom realizes (this), he heeds not (is superior to) (this world of) sorrow; this is the path to purity.

'¸ðµç âÁ¶µÈ °ÍÀº ¹«»óÇÏ´Ù.' ÁöÇý·Î ÀÌ ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ±ú´ÞÀº ÀÌ´Â ½½ÇÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ö¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ûÁ¤(ôèïä)¿¡ À̸£´Â ±æÀ̹ǷÎ.

278

'All created things are sorrowful.' When on by wisdom realizes (this) he heeds not (is superior to) (this world of) sorrow; this is the path to purity.

'¸ðµç âÁ¶µÈ °ÍÀº ±«·Ó´Ù.' ÁöÇý·Î ÀÌ ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ±ú´ÞÀº ÀÌ´Â ½½ÇÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ö¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ûÁ¤¿¡ À̸£´Â ±æÀ̹ǷÎ.

279

'All the elements of being are non-self.'* When one by wisdom realizes (this), he heeds not (is superior to) (this world of) sorrow; this is the path to purity. [Note: non-self: pali; anatta, non-self, have no individuality or permanent being.]

'¸ðµç âÁ¶µÈ °ÍÀº ½Çü(ãùô÷)°¡ ¾ø´Ù.' ÁöÇý·Î ÀÌ ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ±ú´ÞÀº ÀÌ´Â ½½ÇÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ö¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ûÁ¤¿¡ À̸£´Â ±æÀ̹ǷÎ.

280

He who does not get up when it is time to get up, who, through young and strong, is full of sloth, who is weak in resolution and thought, that lazy and idle man will not find the way to wisdom.

ºñ·Ï Àþ°í Èû¼¼´õ¶óµµ °ÔÀ»·¯¼­ ÀϾ ½Ã°£¿¡ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀÇÁö³ª »ý°¢ÀÌ ³ª¾àÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ÁöÇý¿¡ À̸£´Â ±æÀ» ãÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

281

Guarding his speech, restraining well his mind, let a man not commit anything wrong with his body. He who keeps these three roads of action clear, will achieve the way taught by the wise.

¸»À» Á¶½ÉÇÏ°í ¸¶À½À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¸öÀ¸·Î ¾ÇÇàÀ» ÁþÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¼¼ °¡Áö ´öÇàÀ» ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´Â ¼ºÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼³¹ýµÈ µµ¸®¸¦ ¿Ï¼öÇÑ´Ù.

282

From meditation springs wisdom; from lack of meditation there is loss of wisdom. Knowing this two-fold path of progress and decline, a man should place himself in such a way that his wisdom increases.

¸í»ó¿¡¼­ ÁöÇý´Â ¼Ú¾Æ³ª°í, ¸í»óÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é ÁöÇýµµ ¾ø´Ù. Çâ»ó°ú ¼èÅðÀÇ µÎ ±æÀ» ¾È´Ù¸é ÁöÇý°¡ ´À´Â ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ó½ÅÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

283

Cut down the (whole) forest,* not the tree (only); danger comes out of the forest. Having cut down both the forest and desire, O mendicants, do you attain freedom. [Note: forest: vana has two meanings, lust and forest.]

½£(°í³ú)À» Â¥¸£¶ó. ³ª¹«´Â Â¥¸£Áö ¸»°í, À§ÇèÀº ½£À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿Â´Ù. ½£°ú ¾Ö¿åÀ» Â¥¸£¸é ±×´ë´Â ÇØÅ»¿¡ À̸¦ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

284

A long indeed as the desire, however small, of a man for women is not destroyed, so long is his mind attached (to existence) as a sucking calf is to its mother.

¿©ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³²ÀÚÀÇ ¾Ö¿åÀº ±×°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ¹«¸® ÀÛ´õ¶óµµ ²¨ÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ ±×´Â À±È¸¿¡ ¸Å´Þ¸°´Ù. ¼Û¾ÆÁö°¡ ¾î¹ÌÁ¥¿¡ ¸Å´Þ¸®µíÀÌ.

285

Cut out the love of self as you would an autumn lily with the hand. Cherish the path to peace, to nirvana pointed out by the Buddha.

°¡À»¿¡ ¹éÇÕÀ» ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ²ªµíÀÌ, ÀÚ¾Ö(í»äñ)¸¦ ²÷¾î¶ó. ºÎó´ÔÀÌ °¡¸£Ä£ ÆòÈ­¿Í ¿­¹ÝÀÇ ±æ¸¸À» ¼ÒÁßÈ÷ Ç϶ó.

286

'Here I shall dwell in the rain, here in winter and summer' thus the fool thinks; he does not think of the obstacle (of life).

'¿ì±â(éëÑ¢)¿¡´Â ¿©±â¼­ »ì°í °Ü¿ï°ú ¿©¸§¿¡´Â ¿©±â¼­ »ìÀÚ'°í ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â Á×À½ÀÌ ¿À´Â ÁÙµµ ¸ð¸£°í ¡¦¡¦.

287

As a great flood carries off a sleeping village, death takes off and goes with that man who is giddy (with the possession of) children and cattle, whose mind is distracted (with the desire for worldly goods).

¾î¸°À̳ª °¡Ãà¿¡¸¸ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ½ò·Á ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¸¦ Á×À½Àº ÈÛ¾µ¾î °£´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ È«¼ö°¡ Àáµç ¸¶À»À» ÈÛ¾µ¾î °¡µíÀÌ.

288

Sons are no protection, nor father, nor relations, for one who is seized by death, there is no safety in kinsmen.

Á×À½¿¡ »ç·ÎÀâÈù ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾ÆµéÀ̳ª ¾Æ¹öÁö³ª ģôÀÌ ¹æÆеµ Çdz­Ã³µµ µÇÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

289

Realizing the significance of this, the wise and righteous man should even quickly clear the path leading to release.

ÀÌ Àǹ̸¦ ±ú´ÞÀº ´ÙÀ½, Çö¸íÇÏ°í °øÁ¤ÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ÇØÅ»·Î ÀεµµÇ´Â ±æÀ» ±ú²ýÀÌ Ç϶ó.

21. ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀÇ Àå
MISCELLANEOUS VERSE
S


290

If, by surrendering a pleasure of little worth one sees a larger pleasure, the wise man will give up the pleasure of little worth, and look to the larger pleasure.

Á¶±×¸¸ ¾È¶ôÀ» ¹ö¸²À¸·Î½á Å« ¾È¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù¸é, ÇöÀÚ´Â ÀûÀº ¾È¶ôÀ» ¹ö¸®°í º¸´Ù Å« ¾È¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

291

He who desires happiness for himself by inflicting suffering on others, he, entangled in the bonds of hatred, is not freed from hatred.

³²¿¡°Ô °íÅëÀ» ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÇູÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¹Ì¿òÀÇ »ç½½¿¡ ¾ô¸Å¾î¼­ ¹Ì¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³¯ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

292

If, giving up what should be done, what should not be done is done, in those unrestrained and careless, the taints increase.

¹æÁ¾°ú ºÎÁÖÀÇ·Î ÇàÇØÁ®¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ µîÇÑÈ÷ µÇ°í, Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÉ ÀÏÀÌ ÇàÇØÁö¸é Ÿ¶ôÀº ´õÇØ °£´Ù.

293

But those mindfulness is always alert to (the nature of) the body, who do not aim at what should not be done, who steadfastly do what should be done, the impurities of these mindful and wise people come to an end.

À°½Å¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª °æ°èÇÏ°í, Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÉ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Àϸ¸À» ²ÙÁØÈ÷ °è¼ÓÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷, Çö¸íÇÏ°í Á¶½É¼º ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)ÇÔÀº ¾ø¾îÁø´Ù.

294

A (true) Brahmin goes scatheless though he have killed father and mother and two kings of the warrior caste and a kingdom with all its subjects. [Note: commentator offers an allegorical interpretation that mother is passion, father is pride, two kings are heretical systems and kingdom is sensual pleasure.]

¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ »ìÇØÇÏ°í µÎ ÀÓ±ÝÀ» »ìÇØÇÏ°í Àü¿Õ±¹(îïèÝÏÐ)À» Áö¹èÇÏ°í¼­µµ ¹Ù¶ó¹®Àº ¹«»çÇÏ´Ù.

295

A (true) Brahmin goes scatheless though he have killed father and mother and two holy kings and an eminent man as the fifth.

¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ »ìÇØÇÏ°í µÎ °Å·èÇÑ Àӱݰú ´Ù¼¸ ¹ø°ÀÇ À§ÀÎÀ» »ìÇØÇÏ°í¼­µµ ¹Ù¶ó¹®Àº ¹«»çÇÏ´Ù.

296

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake, their thought is always, day and night, set on the Buddha.

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î ºÎó´ÔÀÇ °çÀ» ¶°³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

297

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake; their thought is always, day and night, set on the Law.

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î ºÎó´ÔÀÇ ¹ýÀ» ¶°³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

298

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake; their thought is always, day and night, set on the Order.

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î ºÎó´ÔÀÇ ½Â°¡(ã¬Ê¡)¿¡¼­ ¶°³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

299

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake; their thought is always, day and night, set on the (nature of the) body.

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î À°½ÅÀ» ÁöŲ´Ù.

300

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake; their mind, day and night, delights in abstinence from harm (compassion, love).

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î Áß»ýÀ» ÇØÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ±â»µÇÑ´Ù.

301

The disciples of Gautama are always well awake; their mind, day and night, delights in meditation.

<°íŸ¸¶>ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ú¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¹ã³·À¸·Î ¸í»ó ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ±â»µÇÑ´Ù.

302

It is hard to leave the world as a recluse and hard to enjoy. Hard also is it to live at home as a householder. Living with the unsympathetic is painful. The life of a wanderer is beset with pain. Therefore let no man be a wanderer, let no one fall into suffering.

Ãâ°¡ÀÎ(õóÊ«ìÑ)À¸·Î½á ¼¼¼ÓÀ» ¶°³ª´Â °Íµµ Èûµé°í, Áñ°Å¿òµµ ¾ò±â ¾î·Æ´Ù. ¶Ç Àç°¡ÀÎ(î¤Ê«ìÑ)À¸·Î½á Áý¿¡ »ç´Â °Íµµ Èûµé°í, ¼º¹Ì ¾È¸Â´Â ÀÚ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °ÍÀº °íÅëÀÌ´Ù. ³ª±×³×ÀÇ »ýÈ°µµ °íÅëÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î »ç¶÷Àº ³ª±×³×°¡ µÇÁöµµ ¸»°í °íÅë¿¡ ¶³¾îÁöÁöµµ ¸»°í.

303

Whatever region a man of faith, endowed with virtue, with fame, and prosperity is allotted, even there he is revered.

¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ÀÖ°í ´öÇàÀÌ ÀÖ°í ¸í¼º°ú Àç»êÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº, ¾î´À °íÀå¿¡¼­³ª Á¸°æÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

304

Good people shine from afar like the Himalaya mountains but the wicked are not seen, like arrows shot in the night.

ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀº <È÷¸»¶ó¾ß>»êó·³ ¸Ö¸®¼­µµ ºû³­´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °£»çÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ¹ã¿¡ ½ð È­»ìó·³ °¡±îÀÌ¿¡¼­µµ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

305

Let one sit alone, sleep alone, act alone without being indolent, subdue his self by means of his self alone: he would find delight in the extinction of desires.

Ȧ·Î ¾É°í, Ȧ·Î ÀÚ°í, Ȧ·Î ÇൿÇÏ°í, ÁöÄ¡Áöµµ ¾Ê°í, Ȧ·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¾ÖÂøÀÇ ¼Ò¸ê¿¡¼­ ±â»ÝÀ» ã´Â´Ù.

22. Áö¿Á(ò¢è«)ÀÇ Àå
THE DOWNWARD COURSE (HELL)


306

He who speaks what is not (real) goes to hell; he also, who having done a thing says 'I do not do it.' After death both become equal, being men with evil deeds in the next existence.

°ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î °£´Ù. ÇÏ°í¼­µµ '³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù'°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÀÚµµ. ÀÌ µÎ »ç¶÷Àº ²À °°ÀÌ Á×Àº ÈÄ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ³ª»Û ÁþÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸®.

307

Many men who are clad in yellow robes are ill-behaved and unrestrained. Such evil-doers by their evil deeds go to hell.

¸¹Àº »ç¶÷Àº °¡»ç(Ê·Þð)¸¦ ÀÔ°í¼­µµ ¼ºÇ°ÀÌ ³ª»Ú°í ÀÚÁ¦·ÂÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ °°Àº ¾ÇÇàÀÚ´Â ¾ÇÇà ¶§¹®¿¡ Áö¿Á¿¡ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù.

308

Better is it for an irreligious unrestained (person) to swallow a ball of red-hot iron than enjoy the charity of the land.

ºñÁ¾±³ÀûÀÌ°í ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷Àº ³ª¶óÀÇ ÀºÇý¸¦ Áñ±â±âº¸´Ù´Â Â÷¶ó¸® ºÒ¿¡ ´Ü ¼íµ¢¾î¸®¸¦ »ïÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ ³´´Ù.

309

An unthinking man who courts another's wife gains four things, access of demerit, broken rest, thirdly blame, and fourthly hell.

¹æÁ¾ÇÏ¿© ³²ÀÇ ¾Æ³»¸¦ À¯È¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ³× °¡Áö ÀÏÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ù° ºÎ´ö(ÜôÓì)À» ½×´Â ÀÏ, µÑ° ¾È½ÄÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁö´Â ÀÏ, ¼Â° ºñ³­¹Þ´Â ÀÏ, ³Ý° Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁö´Â ÀÏ.

310

Their is access of demerit as well as the way to the evil state; there is the short-lived pleasure of the frightened in the arms of the frightened, and a heavy penalty from the ruler. Therefore do not run after another man's wife.

Á˾ÇÀÇ »óÅ¿¡ À̸£´Â °ÍÀº ¹°·Ð ºÎ´öÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ°í, µÎ·Æ°í µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Áñ°Å¿òÀÌ Àû°í, ÀÓ±ÝÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹«°Å¿î ¹úÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³²ÀÇ ¾Æ³»¸¦ °¡±îÀÌ ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó.

311

As a blade of grass when wrongly handled cuts the hand, so also asceticism when wrongly tried leads to hell.

Ç®µµ À߸ø ÀâÀ¸¸é ¼ÕÀ» º£´Â °Íó·³, À߸ø ´Ù·ç¾îÁø °íÇàÀÚ´Â Áö¿ÁÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁø´Ù.

312

An act carelessly performed, a vow improperly observed, unwilling obedience to the code of chastity brings no great reward.

Çà½ÇÀ» ÇԺηΠÇÏ°í, ¸Í¼­°¡ ¾Æ¹«·¸°Ô³ª ÀÌÇàµÇ°í, ûÁ¤ÇÑ Çൿ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸¶Áö¸øÇØ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Å« °±À½Àº ¾ø´Ù.

313

If anything is to be done let one do it vigorously. A recluse who is careless only bespatters himself the more with dust.

ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀº ¿­½ÉÈ÷ Ç϶ó. °ÔÀ¸¸¥ Ãâ°¡ÀÚ´Â ´õ·¯¿î ¸ÕÁö¸¦ »Ñ¸°´Ù.

314

An evil dead left undone is better, for an evil deed causes suffering later. A good deed done is better for doing, it does not cause suffering.

Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÉ ÀÏÀº ÇÏÁö¸»°í ±×´ë·Î µÎ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. ¾ÇÇàÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ °íÅëÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÑ´Ù. ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¼±ÇàÀº ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. ¼±ÇàÀº °íÅëÀ» °¡Á®¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¹Ç·Î.

315

As a frontier town is well-guarded within and without, so guard the self. Do not let a moment glide by, for they who allow the moments to pass by suffer when they are consigned to hell.

º¯¹æÀÇ ¼ºÀÌ ¾ÈÆÆÀ¸·Î Àß ¼öºñ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³, ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¼öºñÇ϶ó. ÇÑ ¼ø°£ÀÌ¶óµµ ³õÄ¡Áö ¸»¶ó. ½Ã±â¸¦ ³õÄ¡¸é »ç¶÷Àº Áö¿Á¿¡ ¶³¾îÁ®¼­ ±«·Î¿öÇÑ´Ù.

316

They who are ashamed of what they ought not to be ashamed of and are not ashamed of what they ought to be ashamed of, such men, following false doctrines, enter the evil path.

ºÎ²ô·¯¿öÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ» ºÎ²ô·¯¿öÇÏ°í, ºÎ²ô·¯¿öÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀ» ºÎ²ô·¯¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ´Â, ±×¸©µÈ ¼Ò°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ¾ÇÀÇ ±æ·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.

317

They who fear when they ought not to fear and do not fear when they ought to fear, such men, following false doctrines, enter the evil path.

µÎ·Á¿ö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ°í, µÎ·Á¿öÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ´Â, ±×¸©µÈ ¼Ò°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ¾ÇÀÇ ±æ·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.

318

Those who discern evil where there is no evil and see nothing evil in what is evil, such men, following false doctrines, enter the evil path.

ÁË°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ» ÁË°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸°í ÁË°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ÁË ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í º¸´Â ÀÚ´Â ±×¸©µÈ °ßÇظ¦ °¡Áö°í ¾ÇÀÇ ±æ·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.

319

Those who discern evil as evil and what is not evil as not evil, such men, following the true doctrines, enter the good path.

Á˸¦ ÁË·Î ¾Ë°í, ÁË ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ» ÁË ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¾Æ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¹Ù¸¥ °ßÇظ¦ °¡Áö°í ¿ÇÀº ±æ·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.

23. ÄÚ³¢¸®ÀÇ Àå
THE ELEPHANT


320

I shall endure hard words even as the elephant in battle endures the arrow shot from the bow; the majority of people are, indeed, ill natured. [Note: The elephant is the symbol in Buddhism of endurance, strength, and restraint. The Buddha himself is called naga or mahanaga, the great elephant.]

½Î¿òÅÍ¿¡¼­ È­»ìÀ» ¸Â°íµµ °ßµð´Â ÄÚ³¢¸®Ã³·³, ³ªµµ ºñ³­À» °ßµð¸®¶ó. ´Ù¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀº ºÎ´öÇϴϱî.

321

They lead a tamed elephant into battle; the king mounts a tamed elephant. The tamed is the best among men, he who endures patienty hard words.

±×µéÀº ±æµéÀÎ ÄÚ³¢¸®¸¦ ½Î¿òÅÍ·Î ²ø·Î °£´Ù. ÀÓ±ÝÀº ±æµéÀÎ ÄÚ³¢¸®¸¦ ź´Ù. ºñ³­À» Âü°í °ßµð´Â ÀÏ¿¡ ´Ü·ÃµÈ ÀÚ´Â »ç¶÷ °¡¿îµ¥ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.

322

Good are mules when tamed, so also the Sindhu horses of good breed and the great elephants of war. Better than these is he who has tamed himself.

±æµéÀÎ ´ç³ª±Í¿Í »êÁö(ߧò¢)°¡ ÁÁÀº Àεµ ¸»µµ, ÀüÀï¿ë Å« ÄÚ³¢¸®µµ ´Ù ÈǸ¢ÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÈÆ·ÃÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ±×º¸´Ù ´õ ÈǸ¢ÇÏ´Ù.

323

For with these animals does no man reach the untrodden country (nirvana) where a tamed man goes on a tamed nature (with his self well-tamed).

ÈÆ·ÃµÈ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÈƷõÊÀ¸·Î½á °¡´Â ¹Ì´ä(Ú±ÓÎ)ÀÇ ¶¥(¿­¹Ý)À¸·Î °¡´Â °Íó·³, ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº µ¿¹°À» Ÿ°í ±×°÷¿¡ À̸¦ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.

324

The elephant called Dhanapalaka is hard to control when the temples are running with a pungent sap (in the time of rut). He does not eat a morsel (of food) when bound. The elephant thinks longingly of the elephant-grove.

<´Ù³ªÆȶóÄ«>¶ó´Â ÄÚ³¢¸®´Â ¹ßÁ¤±â(Û¡ïñÑ¢)°¡ µÇ¸é ´Ù·ç±â Èûµé¾î, Àâ¾Æ ³õÀ¸¸é ¸ÔÀ̸¦ ¸ÔÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÄÚ³¢¸®´Â ½£¼ÓÀÇ µ¿·á¸¦ »ý°¢Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡.

325

If one becomes a sluggard or a glutton rolling himself about in gross sleep, like a hog fed on wash, that foolish one, again and again, comes to birth.

ºóµÕºóµÕ ¸Ô±â¸¸ ÇÏ°í ÀḸ ÀÚ°í ÀÖ´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â, ¸ÔÀ̷νá Å°¿î µÅÁöó·³ ¸î ¹øÀÌ°í À±È¸¸¦ µÇÇ®ÀÌÇÑ´Ù.

326

This mind of mine would wander formerly as it liked, as it desired, as it pleased. I shall now control it thoroughly even as the rider holding the hook controls the elephant in a state of rut.

ÀÌ ³» ¸¶À½Àº ¿¹Àü¿¡´Â ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ´ë·Î ¿øÇÏ´Â ´ë·Î ±âºÐ ³ª´Â ´ë·Î Çì¸Å¾ú´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ³ªµµ ¸¶À½À» ´ÙÀâ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ °í»ß¸¦ Áå ÄÚ³¢¸®Ä¡±â°¡ ¹ßÁ¤±âÀÇ ÄÚ³¢¸®¸¦ ´Ù·çµíÀÌ.

327

Be not thoughtless, guard your thoughts. Extricate yourself out of the evil way as an elephant sunk in the mud.

¹æÁ¾ÇÏÁö ¸»°í ¸¶À½À» ²À °¡´Ùµë¾î¶ó. ±×¸®°í Áøâ¿¡ ºüÁø ÄÚ³¢¸® °°Àº ³× ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ÇÀÇ ±æ¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª°Ô Ç϶ó.

328

If you find a companion, intelligent, one who associates with you, who leads a good life, lives soberly, overcoming all dangers, walk with him delighted and thoughtful.

³Ê¿Í »ç±Í¸é¼­ ¼±ÇÑ »ýÈ°·Î ÀεµÇÏ´Â À¯½ÄÇÑ Ä£±¸¸¦ ã¾Ò°Åµç, ¿Â°® À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨¾²°í ±â²¨ÀÌ °°ÀÌ °¡µµ·Ï Ç϶ó.

329

If you do not find a companion, intelligent, one who associates with you, who leads a good life, lives soberly, walk alone like a king who has renounced the kingdom he has conquered or like an elephant (roaming at will) in the forest.

³Ê¿Í »ç±Í¸é¼­ ¼±ÇÑ »ýÈ°·Î ÀεµÇÏ´Â À¯½ÄÇÑ Ä£±¸¸¦ ãÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´°Åµç ±×°¡ ÅëÄ¡Çß´ø ¿Õ±¹À» ¹ö¸° ÀÓ±Ýó·³, ¶Ç´Â ½£¼ÓÀ» Ȧ·Î ´Ù´Ï´Â ÄÚ³¢¸®Ã³·³ Ȧ·Î °¡¶ó.

330

It is better to live alone, there is no companionship with a fool. Let a man walk alone with few wishes like an elephant (roaming at will) in the elephant-forest. Let him commit no sin.

¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¿Í ±æ¹þÀÌ µÇ°Ú°Åµç Ȧ·Î »ì¾Æ¶ó. ½£¼ÓÀÇ ÄÚ³¢¸®Ã³·³ ¿å½É ¾øÀÌ È¦·Î °É¾î¶ó.

331

Companions are pleasant when an occasion (or need) arises; contentment is pleasant when mutual. At the hour of death merit is pleasant. The giving up of all sorrow is pleasant.

ÀÏÀÌ »ý°åÀ» ¶§ Ä£±¸°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ±â»Ú´Ù. ¸¸Á·Àº ¼­·Î°¡ ±â»Ú´Ù. ¼±ÇàÀº Á×´Â ½Ã°£¿¡ ±â»Ú°í ½½ÇÄÀ» ¹ö¸®´Â °ÍÀº ±â»Ú´Ù.

332

To have a mother is happiness in the world; to have a father is happiness in the world; to have a recluse is happiness in the world; to have a sage is happiness in the world.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ °è½ÉÀº ÇູÇÏ°í, ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ °è½Éµµ ÇູÇÏ´Ù. ¼öÇàÀÚ¸¦ ¼¶±èµµ ÇູÇÏ°í, ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¸¦ ¼¶±èµµ ÇູÇÏ´Ù.

333

Happy is virtue lasting to old age; happy is faith firmly rooted; happy is the attainment of wisdom; happy is the avoidance of sins.

´ÄÀ» ¶§±îÁö ´öÇàÀÌ °è¼ÓµÊÀº ÇູÇÏ°í, ½Å¾ÓÀÌ »Ñ¸®±í°Ô ±»±»ÀÌ ¼­ ÀÖÀ½µµ ÇູÇÏ°í Á˸¦ ¹þ¾î³²µµ ÇູÇÏ´Ù.

24. ¾Ö¿åÀÇ Àå
THIRST (OR CRAVING)


334

The craving of a thoughtless man grows like a creeper. Like a monkey wishing for fruit in a forest he bounds hither and thither (from one life to another).

¹æÁ¾ÇÑ ÀÚÀÇ °¥¸ÁÀº Ħ³ÕÄðó·³ ÀÚ¶õ´Ù. ½£¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¿­¸Å¸¦ ã¾Æ´Ù´Ï´Â ¿ø¼þÀÌó·³ ±×´Â ÀÌ»ý¿¡¼­ ³»»ýÀ¸·Î¡¦¡¦.

335

whomsoever this fierce craving, full of poison, overcomes in the world, his sorrows increase like the abounding birana grass.

´©±¸³ª ÀÌ °­·ÄÇÑ °¥¸Á°ú µ¶(Ô¸)ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ½ÂÇÏ¸é ½½ÇÄÀº ¹«¼ºÇÑ <ºñ¶ó³ª>Ǯó·³ ÀÚ¶õ´Ù.

336

He who overcomes in this world this fierce craving, difficult to subdue, sorrows fall off from him like water drops from a lotus leaf.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ´©¸£±â ¾î·Á¿î ÀÌ °­·ÄÇÑ °¥¸ÁÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¸ðµç ½½ÇÄÀ» ¿©Àª °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ¹°¹æ¿ïÀÌ ¿¬²ÉÀÙ¿¡¼­ ¶³¾îÁöµíÀÌ.

337

I declare to you this good (counsel). 'Do ye, as many as are gathered here, dig up the root of craving as one digs up the birana grass to find the usira root, that Mara (Death) may not destroy you again and again even as the river destroys the reeds (on the bank).'

ÀÌ ÁÁÀº ±³ÈÆÀ» ³Ê¿¡°Ô ¾Ë¸°´Ù. '¿©±â ¸ðÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº <¿ì½Ã¶ó>»Ñ¸®¸¦ ã±â À§ÇÏ¿© <ºñ¶ó³ª>Ç®À» Æij»´Â °Íó·³ °¥¾ÖÀÇ »Ñ¸®¸¦ »ÌÀ¸¶ó. ±×¸®°í °­¹°ÀÌ °¥´ë¸¦ ²ª´Â °Íó·³ ¾Ç¸¶°¡ ³Ê¸¦ ²ªÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï'.

338

As a tree, even though it has been cut down, grows again if its root is firm and uninjured (i.e. safe), even so if the adherences of craving are not destroyed, this suffering returns to us again and again.

³ª¹«°¡ Àß·Áµµ »Ñ¸®°¡ ±íÀÌ ¹ÚÇô ÀÖÀ¸¸é ´Ù½Ã Àڶ󳪴 °Íó·³, °¥¸ÁÀÇ »Ñ¸®°¡ »ÌÇôÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ±× °íÅëÀº ÀÚ²Ù¸¸ µÇÇ®ÀÌµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

339

Him whose thirty-six streams flowing towards pleasures of sense are strong, whose thoughts are set on passion, the waves carry away that misguided man. [Note: thirty-six streams: are the six organs of senses and six objects of sense in relation to a desire for sensual pleasures (kama), a desire for existence (bhava), and a desire for prosperity (vibhava).]

°¨°¢ÀÇ Äè¶ôÀ¸·Î Ä¡´Þ¸®´Â ¼­¸¥ ¿©¼¸ °³ÀÇ ¹°ÁٱⰡ ¾ï¼¼°í ¶Ç ±×ÀÇ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¾Ö¿å¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹°°áÀº ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ À߸øµÈ ±æÀ» °È´Â »ç¶÷À» ÈÛ¾µ¾î °£´Ù.

340

The streams flow everywhere; the creeper (of passion) keeps on springing up. If you see that creeper sprung up, cut its root by means of wisdom.

¸ðµç (°¨Á¤ÀÇ) È帧Àº »ç¹æÀ¸·Î È帣°í, (¾Ö¿åÀÇ) Ħ³ÕÄðÀº »¸¾î°¡±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. Ħ³ÕÄðÀÌ »¸¾î°¡´Â °ÍÀ» º»´Ù¸é ÁöÇý·Î¼­ »Ñ¸®¸¦ À߶ó ¹ö·Á¶ó.

341

To creatures happen pleasures and wide-ranging endearments. Hugging those pleasures they hanker after them. Those men indeed undergo birth and old age.

»ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Äè¶ô°ú ¾Ö¿åÀÇ Ãß±¸´Â ÀÚ²Ù¸¸ ÀϾ´Ù. ±×µéÀº Äè¶ô¿¡ ºüÁö¸é¼­ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Äè¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °°Àº »ç¶÷µéÀº »î°ú ³ë»ç(ÒÇÞÝ)¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

342

Men driven on by craving run about like a hunted hare. Fast bound in its fetters, they undergo suffering for a long time, again and again.

°¥¸Á¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀâÇô¿Â µéÅ䳢ó·³ ¹ð¹ð µ·´Ù. ¼Ó¹Ú°ú ÁýÂø¿¡ ¾ô¸Å¾î Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀº µÇÇ®ÀÌÇؼ­ °íÅëÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

343

Men driven on by craving run about like a hunted hare. Let, therefore, the mendicant, wishing for himself freedom from passion, shake off craving.

°¥¸Á¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀâÇô¿Â µéÅ䳢ó·³ ¹ð¹ð µ·´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¾Ö¿å¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³²À» ¹Ù¶ó´Â Ź¹ß½ÂÀº °¥¾Ö¸¦ ÅÐ¾î ¹ö·Á¶ó.

344

He who having got rid of the forest (of desire) gives himself over to the life of the forest (desire), he who, free from the forest (of desire), runs back to the forest (of desire), -- look at him, though free, he runs into bondage.

(¿å¸ÁÀÇ) ½£¿¡¼­ ³ª¿Í¼­ ´Ù½Ã (¿å¸ÁÀÇ) ½£À¸·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ°£´Ù. (¿å¸ÁÀÇ) ½£¿¡¼­ (¿å¸ÁÀÇ) ½£À¸·Î¸¸ ´Þ¸°´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷À» º¸¶ó. ¶ÙÃijª¿Í¼­´Â ´Ù½Ã ¼Ó¹ÚÀ¸·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ ¶Ù¾î°£´Ù.

345

Wise people do not say that that fetter is strong which is made of iron, wood, or fibre, but the attachment to earrings made of precious stones, to sons, and wives is passionately impassioned.

Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ¼èºÙÀ̳ª ³ª¹«³ª ¼¶À¯·Î ¸¸µç »ç½½(¼Ó¹Ú)ÀÌ °­ÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¯³ª º¸¼®À¸·Î ¸¸µç ±Í°Å¸®, Áö±ØÈ÷ »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â ¾ÆµéÀ̳ª ¾Æ³»¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÖÂøÀÌ °­ÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

346

Wise people call strong this fetter which drags down, yields, and is difficult to unfasten. after having cut this people renounce the world, free from longings and forsaking the pleasures of sense.

Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ¹«°Ì°í Ç®±â Èûµç ÀÌ ¼Ó¹ÚÀ» °­ÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ²÷Àº ´ÙÀ½ ¿åÁ¤°ú Äè¶ôÀ» ¹ö¸®°í ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­´Ù.

347

Those who are slaves to passions follow the stream (of craving) as a spider the web which he has made himself. Wise people, when they have cut this (craving), leave the world, free from cares, leaving all sorrow behind.

¾Ö¿åÀÇ ³ë¿¹°¡ µÈ ÀÚ´Â (°¥¸ÁÀÇ) È帧À» µû¶ó°£´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ °Å¹Ì°¡ ½º½º·Î ¸¸µç °Å¹ÌÁÙÀ» µû¶ó°¡µíÀÌ. Çö¸íÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ÀÌ °¥¸ÁÀ» ²÷°í ±Ù½É°ú ½½ÇÄÀ» ¹ö¸®°í ¶°³­´Ù.

348

Give up what is before, give up what is behind, give up what is in the middle, passing to the farther shore of existence. When your mind is wholly freed you will not again return to birth and old age.

Àú ¾ð´öÀ» ã¾Æ¼­ °¡´Â ÀÚ´Â °ú°Å³ª ¹Ì·¡³ª ÇöÀ縦 ¶°³ª¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¶°³µÀ¸¸é ´Ù½Ã À±È¸·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸®.

349

Craving increases more to a creature who is disturbed by thoughts, full of strong passions, yearning for what is pleasant; he indeed makes his fetters strong.

¸Á»ó ¶§¹®¿¡ Èð¾îÁö°í, °­ÇÑ ¾ÖÂø¿¡ Â÷ ÀÖ°í, Äè¶ô¸¸À» °¥±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾Ö¿åÀº Á¡Á¡ ´õÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×ÀÇ ¼Ó¹ÚÀº ´õ¿í °­ÇØÁø´Ù.

350

He who delights in quieting his thoughts, always reflecting, dwells on what is not pleasant, he will certainly remove, nay, he will cut the bonds of death.

±×ÀÇ »ý°¢À» °í¿äÈ÷ ÇÏ°í, Ç×»ó ¹Ý¼ºÇϸ鼭 À°Ã¼ÀÇ Äè¶ôÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °÷¿¡ »ê´Ù¸é, ±×´Â ¾î±è¾øÀÌ ¹Ù²ð °ÍÀÌ°í, Á×À½ÀÇ ±¼·¹¸¦ ²÷À» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

351

He who has reached the good, who is fearless, who is without craving and without sin, he has broken the thorns of existence, this body is his last.

¼±¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°í, µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ¾ø°í, °¥¸Áµµ Á˵µ ¾ø´Â ÀÌ´Â, »ýÁ¸ÀÇ °¡½Ã¸¦ ²ª°í ÀÌ ¸öÀ¸·Î ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÌ µÈ´Ù (À±È¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù).

352

He who is without craving, without appropriation, who is skilful in understanding words and their meanings, who knows the order of letters (which are before and which are after), he is called the great sage, the great person. This is his last body.

°¥¸Áµµ ÁýÂøµµ ¾ø°í, ¸»°ú ±× ¶æÀ» ¾ó¸¥ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í, ¹®ÀÚÀÇ ¼ø¼­¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº, À§´ëÇÑ ¼ºÀΠȤÀº À§´ëÇÑ Àι°À̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

353

'I have conquered all, I know all, in all conditions of life I am free from taint. I have renounced all and with the destruction of craving I am freed. Having learnt myself, to whom shall I point as teacher?'

³ª´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ±Øº¹Çß´Ù. ³ª´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ðµç »óÅ¿¡¼­ ´õ·¯¿öÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¹ö¸®°í °¥¸ÁÀÇ ¼Ò¸ê·Î ³ª´Â ÇعæµÇ¾ú´Ù. ³­ ½º½º·Î°¡ ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Âµ¥ ¶Ç ´©±¸¸¦ ½º½ÂÀ̶ó ºÎ¸¦ °ÍÀΰ¡?

354

The gift of the law* surpasses all gifts; the flavour of the law surpasses all flavours, the delight in the law surpasses all delights. The destruction of craving conquers all sorrows. [Note: gift of the law: dhammadana is the technical expression for instruction in the Buddhist religion.]

±³¹ý(ÎçÛö)ÀÇ ¼±¹°Àº ¸ðµç ¼±¹°º¸´Ù ³´°í, ±³¹ýÀÇ ¸ÀÀº ¸ðµç ¸Àº¸´Ù ³´´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±³¹ýÀÇ Áñ°Å¿òÀº ¸ðµç Áñ°Å¿òÀ» ´É°¡ÇÏ°í, °¥¸ÁÀÇ ¼Ò¸êÀº ¸ðµç ½½ÇÄÀ» ´É°¡ÇÑ´Ù.

355

Riches destroy the foolish, not those who seek beyond (the other shore). By a craving for riches the foolish person destroys himself as he destroys others.

Àç»êÀº Àú ¾ð´öÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÒ ÁÙ ¸ð¸£´Â ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¸¦ ¸ê¸ÁÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù. Àç»êÀÇ ¿å¸Á ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ´Â ³²°ú ÇÔ²² ½º½º·Î¸¦ ¸ê¸ÁÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù.

356

Weeds are the bane of fields and passion the bane of this mankind; therefore offerings made to those free from passion bring great reward.

³í¹çÀº ÀâÃÊ°¡ ¹ö¸®°Ô ÇÏ°í, ¾ÖÂøÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀâÃÊÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¾ÖÂø¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¼±¹°Àº Å« °±À½À» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

357

Weeds are the bane of fields and hatred is the bane of this mankind; therefore offerings made to those free from hatred bring great reward.

³í¹çÀº ÀâÃÊ°¡ ¹ö¸®°Ô ÇÏ°í, Áõ¿À´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀâÃÊÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Áõ¿À¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¼±¹°Àº Å« °±À½À» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

358

Weeds are the bane of fields and folly is the bane of this mankind; therefore offerings made to those free from folly bring great reward.

³í¹çÀº ÀâÃÊ°¡ ¹ö¸®°Ô ÇÏ°í, ¹«Áö´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀâÃÊÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¹«Áö¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¼±¹°Àº Å« °±À½À» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

359

Weeds are the bane of fields; desire is the bane of this mankind; therefore offerings made to those freed from desire bring great reward.

³í¹çÀº ÀâÃÊ°¡ ¹ö¸®°Ô ÇÏ°í, ¿å¸ÁÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀâÃÊÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¿å¸Á¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¼±¹°Àº Å« °±À½À» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

25. Ź¹ß½Â(öõÛ¤ã¬)ÀÇ Àå
THE MENDICANT


360

Restraint in the eye is good; good is restraint in the ear; in the nose restraint is good; good is restraint in the tongue.

´«À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ±Í¸¦ ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÄÚ¸¦ ±×¸®°í Çô¸¦ ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÁ´Ù.

361

In the body restraint is good, good is restrain in speech; in thought restraint is good, good is restraint in all things. A mendicant who is restrained in all things is freed from all sorrow.

À°Ã¼¸¦ ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ¸»À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ¸¶À½À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÁ´Ù. ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀÚÁ¦Çϴ Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ¸ðµç ½½ÇÄ¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­´Ù.

362

He who controls his hand, he who controls his feet, he who controls his speech, he who is well-controlled, he who delights inwardly, who is collected, who is alone and content, him they call a mendicant.

¼ÕÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í, ¹ßÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í, ¸»À» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í, Àß ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¶Ç ¾ÈÀ¸·Î ±â»µÇÏ°í, ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¾ÈÁ¤µÇ°í, Ȧ·Î ¸¸Á·ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Ź¹ß½ÂÀ̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

363

The mendicant who controls his tongue, who speaks wisely, not uplifted (puffed up), who illuminates the meaning and the law, his utterance is sweet.

Çô¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í, Çö¸íÇÏ°Ô ¸»ÇÏ°í, °Å¸¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¶æ°ú ÀÌÄ¡¸¦ ¹àÈù Ź¹ß½ÂÀÇ ¸»Àº µè±â ÁÁ´Ù.

364

He whose pleasance is the law, who delights in the law, meditates on the law, follows the law, that mendicant does not fall from the true law.

±×´Â ¹ý¿¡ »ì°í, ¹ýÀ» ±â»µÇÏ°í, ¹ý¿¡¼­ ¸í»óÇÏ°í, ¹ýÀ» µû¸¥´Ù. ±× Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ¿ÇÀº ¹ý¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

365

He should not overvalue what he himself receives; he should not envy others. A mendicant who envies others does not obtain tranquillity.

ÀڱⰡ ¾òÀº °ÍÀ» Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô Æò°¡ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê°í, ³²ÀÇ °ÍÀ» ½Ã»õ¿ìÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ³²ÀÇ °ÍÀ» ½Ã»õ¿ì´Â Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ¸¶À½ÀÇ ¾ÈÁ¤À» ¾òÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.

366

Even the gods praise that mendicant who though he receive little does not overvalue what he receives, whose life is pure and strenuous.

ºñ·Ï Àû°Ô ¹Þ´õ¶óµµ ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀ» Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô Æò°¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â Ź¹ß½ÂÀ» ½ÅµéÀº ĪÂùÇÑ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÀλýÀº ¼ø¼öÇÏ°í °ÔÀ¸¸£Áö ¾Ê´Ù.

367

He, indeed, is called a mendicant who does not count as his own any name and form,* who does not grieve from having nothing. [Note: name and form: namarupa; mind and body which are, in Buddhist doctrine, the marks of individual existence.]

¸í»ö(Ù£ßä)¿¡ À־ ³» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ ¾ø°í, ¾ø´Ù°í Çؼ­ ½½ÆÛÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷À» Ź¹ß½ÂÀ̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

368

The mendicant who lives in friendliness and calm (has faith) in the doctrine of the Buddha, he will attain the tranquil, blessed place where (bodily) existence is at rest.

ÀÚºñ¿Í °í¿äÇÔ¿¡¼­ »ì°í ºÒŸÀÇ ±³¸®¿¡¼­ »ç´Â Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ¸ðµç Á¸Àç°¡ ÈÞ½ÄÇÏ´Â ÃູµÈ ¾È¶ôÇÑ À§Ä¡¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϸ®¶ó.

369

Empty the boat, O mendicant; when emptied it will go lightly. Having cut off passion and hatred then you will go to freedom.

¹è ¾ÈÀÇ ¹°À» ÆÛ³»¶ó. Ź¹ß½ÂÀÌ¿©. ºñ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¹è´Â °¡º±°Ô ´Þ¸°´Ù. ¾ÖÂø°ú ¹Ì¿òÀ» ²÷¾î ¹ö¸®¸é ³Ê´Â ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ À̸£¸®¶ó.

370

Cut off the five,* get rid of the five, master (rise above) the five. A mendicant who has freed himself from the five fetters is called 'one who has crossed the flood' (of rebirth). [Note: The five to be cut off are egoism. doubt, false asceticism, lust, and hatred. The five to be got rid of are longing for births with form, births without form, self-will, vanity and ignorance.]

´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ±¸¼ÓÀ» ²÷¾î¹ö·Á¶ó. ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇ϶ó. ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö¸¦ Á¤º¹Ç϶ó. ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ÁýÂøÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼± Ź¹ß½ÂÀº 'È«¼ö¸¦ ³Ñ¾î¼± »ç¶÷'À̶ó°í.

371

Meditate, O mendicant, be not negligent. Let not your thought delight in sensual pleasures, that you may not for your negligence have to swallow the iron ball,* that you may not cry out when burning 'This is suffering!' [Note: Swallowing red-hot iron ball is said to be a form of punishment in hell.]

¿À Ź¹ß½ÂÀÌ¿©, ¸í»óÇ϶ó. ¹æÁ¾ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. °¨°¢Àû ¿åÁ¤¿¡ ÈÛ¾µ¸®Áö ¸»¶ó. ¹æÁ¾ÇÏ¿© ¶ß°Å¿î ¼èºÙÀ̸¦ »ïÅ°´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾øµµ·Ï Ç϶ó. µ¥¸é¼­ 'ÀÌ°ÍÀº °íÅëÀÌ´Ù'°í °íÇÔÄ¡Áö ¸»¶ó.

372

There is no meditation for one who is without wisdom, no wisdom for one without meditation; he in whom there are meditation and wisdom, he indeed is close to nirvana.

ÁöÇý°¡ ¾ø´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸í»óÀº ¾ø°í, ¸í»óÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÁöÇý´Â ¾ø´Ù. ÁöÇý¿Í ¸í»óÀ» °®Ãá ÀÌ´Â ¿­¹Ý¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ À̸¥´Ù.

373

A mendicant who with a tranquil heart has entered an empty house, he has a more than human (divine) delight, through his right discernment to the law.

°í¿äÇÑ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ºóÁý¿¡ µé¾î °£ Ź¹ß½ÂÀº, ÀÌ ¹ýÀ» ¹Ù·Î º½À¸·Î½á Àΰ£ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±â»ÝÀ» ´©¸°´Ù.

374

Whenever he comprehends the origin and destruction of the elements of the body he obtains joy and happiness, which is life eternal to those who know.

À°Ã¼ÀÇ ±¸¼º¿ä¼ÒÀÇ »ý¸ê(ßæØþ)À» ÆľÇÇϸé ÁöÀÚ´Â ¿µ¿øÇÑ ±â»Ý°ú ÇູÀ» ¾ò´Â´Ù.

375

This is the beginning here to a wise mendicant, control of the senses, contentment, restraint under the law (according to the precepts of the patimokkha), cultivation of friends who are noble, of pure life, and zealous (not slothful).

ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Çö¸íÇÑ Å¹¹ß½ÂÀÌ Ã³À½ ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¿À°üÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¸¸Á·ÇÏ°í, °è¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í, ¶Ç °í»óÇϸ鼭 ±ú²ýÇÏ°í ºÎÁö·±ÇÑ Ä£±¸ÀÇ ±³È­¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¶ó.

376

Let him live a life of friendship. Let him be an adept in the discharge of his duties then his happiness being much he will make an end of suffering.

Ä£ÀýÇÏ°í, Àǹ« ¼öÇà¿¡ ¹ÎøÇ϶ó. ±×·¯¸é ±â»ÝÀÌ Â÷¼­ ±×ÀÇ °íÅëÀº ¸ÜÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

377

As the vassika plant sheds its withered flowers, O mendicants, so you should get rid of passion and hatred.

Ź¹ß½ÂÀÌ¿©, <¹å½ÃÄ«>³ª¹«°¡ ½Ãµç ²ÉÀ» ÅÐ¾î ¹ö¸®µíÀÌ ¾ÖÂø°ú Áõ¿À¸¦ ÅÐ¾î ¹ö·Á¶ó.

378

That mendicant is said to be calmed who has a calmed body, a calmed speech, and a calmed mind, who is well-established, who has rejected the baits of the world.

À°½ÅÀÌ Á¶¿ëÇÏ°í, ¸»ÀÌ Á¶¿ëÇÏ°í, Àß ¾ÈÁ¤µÇ°í, ¼¼¼ÓÀÇ Àç»êÀ» ¹ö¸° »ç¶÷À» Á¶¿ëÇÑ Å¹¹ß½ÂÀ̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

379

Rouse your self by your self, examine your self by your self. Thus guarded by your self and attentive you, mendicant, will live happy.

½º½º·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°¶ó. ½º½º·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀ» »ìÆì º¸¶ó. ÀÌ°°ÀÌ Çؼ­ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÁöÅ°°í, ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¹Ý¼ºÇÑ Å¹¹ß½ÂÀº ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ì¸®¶ó.

380

For self is the lord of self; self is the refuge of self; Therefore curb yourself even as a merchant curbs a fine horse.

³»°¡ ³» ÁÖÀÎÀÌ°í ³»°¡ ³» ÀÇÁöó´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Àå»çÄ¡°¡ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¸»(åÐØ©)À» ´Ù·çµíÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´Ù·ç¶ó.

381

The mendicant full of delight, calm (with faith) in the doctrine of the Buddha, will certainly reach the peaceful state, the cessation of natural existence and happiness.

ºÒŸÀÇ ±³¼³À» ¹Ï°í °í¿äÇÏ¸ç ±â»Ý¿¡ Â÷ Àִ Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ÀÚ¿¬Àû »ýÁ¸ÀÌ Á¤ÁöµÈ ÆòÈ­·Î¿î »óÅÂ¿Í ÇູÇÑ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ À̸¦ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

382

The mendicant who, though young, applies himself to the doctrine of the Buddha, he illuminates this world like the moon when freed from a cloud.

ºñ·Ï Àþ´Ù°í Çصµ ºÒŸÀÇ ±³¼³¿¡ Àü³äÇϴ Ź¹ß½ÂÀº ¼¼»óÀ» ¹à°Ô ºñÄ£´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ±¸¸§À» ¹þ¾î³­ ´Þó·³.

26. ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ(á¡òÅíº)ÀÇ Àå
THE BRAHMIN


383

O Brahmin, cut off the stream, be energetic, drive away desires. Knowing the destruction of all that is made (or the elements of existence) you know the uncreated, O Brahmin. [Note: Buddha here distinguishes between the created perishable and the uncreated imperishable.]

¿À ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¿©, ÈûÀÖ°Ô 'È帧'À» ²÷¾î¶ó. ±×¸®°í ¿å¸ÁÀ» Á¦°ÅÇ϶ó. ¸ðµç Áö¾îÁø °ÍÀº Æı«µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¸é ³Ê´Â À§ÀÛ(êÈíÉ)µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â »óÅÂ(¿­¹Ý)¿¡ À̸£¸®¶ó.

384

When the Brahmin has reached the other shore in both laws,* to him who knows all bonds vanish. [Note: The two laws refer to self-restraint and spiritual insight attained through meditation.]

¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ°¡ (ÀÚÀç¿Í ÅëÂûÀÇ) µÎ °¡Áö¿¡ À־ ÇǾȿ¡ À̸£·¶À» ¶§, (¸ðµç °ÍÀ») ¾Æ´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ¿Â°® ±¸¼ÓÀº »ç¶óÁø´Ù.

385

Him I call a Brahmin for whom there is neither this shore nor that shore, nor both, who is free from fear and free from shackles.

Â÷¾È(ó®äÍ)µµ ¾ø°í ÇǾÈ(ù¨äÍ)µµ ¾ø°í, Â÷¾È ÇǾȵµ ¾ø°í °øÆ÷¿Í ±¸¼ÓÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³­ »ç¶÷À» ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

386

Him I call a Brahmin who is meditative, free from passion, settled, whose work is done, free from taints and who has attained the highest end (of sainthood).

¸í»óÇÏ°í, ¾ÖÂøÀ» ²÷°í, ħÂøÇÏ°í, ÇÒ ÀÏÀ» ´ÙÇÏ°í, ±ú²ýÇϸç, ÃÖ°íÀÇ °æÁö¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

387

The sun shines by day, the moon lights up the night, the warrior shines in his armour, the Brahmin shines in his meditation, but the awakened shines all day and night by his radiance (of spirit).

žçÀº ³·¿¡ ºû³ª°í, ´ÞÀº ¹ã¿¡ ºû³ª°í, º´»ç(ܲÞÍ)´Â °©¿Ê¿¡¼­ ºû³ª°í, ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ´Â ¸í»ó¿¡¼­ ºû³­´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±úÄ£ ÀÚ´Â À§±¤(êÎÎÃ)¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¹ã³·À¸·Î ºû³­´Ù.

388

Because he has put aside evil he is called a Brahmin; because he lives in serenity he is called a samana; because he puts away his impurities he is called pabbajita.* [Note: pabbaj, to cast out.]

¾Ç¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³µ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ÇÏ°í, °í¿äÇÔ¿¡¼­ »ì°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¼öµµÀÎÀ̶ó ÇÏ°í, ´õ·¯¿òÀ» ÅÐ¾î ¹ö·È±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ãâ°¡¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.

389

One should not attack a Brahmin; let not the Brahmin free (his anger) on him (the evil-doer); woe to him who slays a Brahmin and more woe to him who sets free (his anger) on him (the evil-doer).

´©±¸³ª ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¸¦ °ø¹ÚÇؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¿¡ °Å¿ªÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¸¦ »ìÇØÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Õ È­°¡ ¹ÌÄ¥ °ÍÀÌ°í, °Å¿ªÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ôµµ È­°¡ ¹ÌÄ¡¸®¶ó.

390

It is no slight benefit to a Brahmin when he holds his mind back from the pleasures of life. Wherever the wish to injure desists, even there is cessation of suffering.

ÀλýÀÇ Äè¶ôÀ» ¸Ö¸®ÇÏ´Â ¸¶À½À» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§, ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â Å« Àº´öÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ³²À» ÇØÄ¡·Á´Â ¿å¸ÁÀÌ ¸ÜÀ¸¸é °íÅëµµ ¸Ü´Â´Ù.

391

Him I call a Brahmin who does not hurt by body, speech, or mind, who is controlled in these three things.

À°Ã¼³ª ¸»À̳ª ¶æÀ¸·Î ³²À» ÇØÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°í, ÀÌ ¼¼ °¡Áö¸¦ ÀÚÀçÇÏ´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

392

Him who has understood the law as taught by the well-awakened (fully enlightened) one, him should a man worship reverentially, even as the Brahmin worships the sacrificial fire.

¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ±úÄ£ ÀÌ(ºÒŸ)¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼³¹ýµÈ Áø¸®¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Á¸°æÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ°¡ Á¦È­(ð®ûý)¿¡ ¿¹¹èÇϵíÀÌ.

393

Not by matted hair, not by lineage, not by caste does one become a Brahmin. He is a Brahmin in whom there are truth and righteousness. He is blessed.

¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ²Ù¹Ò»õ³ª °¡¹®À̳ª °è±Þ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Áø¸®¿Í Á¤ÀÇ°¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ¸é ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â Ãູ ¹ÞÀº ÀÌ´Ù.

394

What is the use of matted hair, O fool, what of the raiment of goat-skins? Thine inward nature is full of wickedness; the outside thou makest clean.

¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ²Ù¹Ò»õ°¡ ¹«½¼ ¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿°¼Ò °¡Á׿ÊÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ̶õ ¸»Àΰ¡. ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÀÚ¿©, ±×´ë´Â ¼ÓÀº °£Áö(ÊÌòª)¿¡ Â÷ ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼­ °ÑÀ¸·Î¸¸ ¹øÁî·¹ ²Ù¹Ì°í ÀÖ±¸³ª.

395

Him I call a Brahmin who wears cast-off garments, lean, spread over with veins, solitary, and who practises meditation in the forest.

´©´õ±â¸¦ ÀÔ°í, ¾ßÀ§¾î¼­ ÈûÁÙÀÌ µå·¯³ª ÀÖ°í, Ȧ·Î ½£¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¸í»ó¿¡ Àá°Ü ÀÖ´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

396

I do not call him a Brahmin because of his origin or of his mother. If he be with goods he is called bhovadi.* Him I call a Brahmin who is free from goods and free from attachment. [Note: bhovadi: One who says bho, the familiar form of address to inferiors or equals. The Buddhists use bhovadi as a term of reproach for the Brahmins.]

±×ÀÇ Ãâ»ý ½ÅºÐÀ̳ª ¾î¸Ó´ÏÀÇ °¡¹® ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×°¡ À¯º¹ÇÏ¸é ³ª´Â <º¸¹Ùµð>¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. Àç»êÀ̳ª ÁýÂøÀ» ¹þ¾î³­ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

397

Him I call a Brahmin who has cut all the fetters, who never trembles (in fear), who has passed beyond attachments, who is separated (from what is impure).

¸ðµç ¼Ó¹ÚÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª°í, °øÆ÷¿¡ µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ÁýÂøÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼­°í, ºÎÁ¤(Üôïä)À» ¶°³­ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

398

Him I call a Brahmin who has cut the strap and the thong and the chain with its appurtenances, who has burst the bar and is awakened.

²öÀ̳ª ¹åÁÙÀ̳ª ¼è»ç½½À» ²÷°í, Àå¾Ö¹°À» ºÎ¼ö°í ±ú´ÞÀº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

399

Him I call a Brahmin who, though he has committed no offence, bears patiently reproach, ill-treatment, imprisonment; who has endurance for his force and strength for his army.

¸ð¿å°ú Çдë¿Í Åõ¿Á¿¡µµ °ßµð¾î ³ª°¡´Â »ç¶÷, Àγ»·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ°í ÈûÀÖ´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

400

Him I call a Brahmin who is free from anger, who is careful of religious duties, observes the moral rules, pure, controlled, and wears his last body.

³ë¿©¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, Á¾±³Àû Àǹ«¸¦ ´ÙÇÏ°í, µµ´öÀû ¹ý±Ô¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í, ±ú²ýÇϸç ÀÚÁ¦·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ÃÖÈÄ(õÌý­ãó)À» Áö´Ñ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

401

Him I call a Brahmin who, like water on the leaf of a lotus or a mustard seed on the point of an awl, does not cling to pleasures.

¿¬ÀÙÀÇ ¹°¹æ¿ïÀ̳ª ¹Ù´Ã ³¡ÀÇ °ÜÀÚ¾¾Ã³·³ ¿å¸Á¿¡ ¾ô¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

402

Him I call a Brahmin who, even here, knows the end of his suffering, who has laid aside his burden, who is detached.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±×ÀÇ °íÅëÀº ³¡³µÀ½À» ¾Ë°í, ¹«°Å¿î ÁüÀ» ¹þ¾î³õ°í ÃÊ¿¬ÇÑ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

403

Him I call a Brahmin whose wisdom is deep, who possesses knowledge, who discerns the right way and the wrong and who has attained the highest end.

ÁöÇý°¡ ±í°í, Áö½ÄÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ¹Ù¸¥ ±æ°ú ±×¸¥ ±æÀ» ºÐº°ÇÏ°í ÃÖ°íÀÇ °æÁö¿¡ ¿À¸¥ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

404

Him I call a Brahmin who keeps away from both house holders (laymen) and the houseless (mendicants), who does not frequent house and has but few wants.

Àç°¡ÀÚ(î¤Ê«íº)³ª Ãâ°¡ÀÚ(õóÊ«íº)¸¦ ¸Ö¸®ÇÏ°í Á¤ÁÖ(ïÒñ¬)ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¿å½ÉÀÌ ÀûÀº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

405

Him I call a Brahmin who lays aside the rod with regard to creatures, moving or unmoving, and neither kills nor causes (their) death.

¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ°Ç ¿òÁ÷ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ°Ç, ÇÐ´ë ¾Ê°í »ìÇصµ ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, »ìÇØÇÏ°Ô ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

406

Him I call a Brahmin who is without hostility among those who are hostile, who is peaceful among those with uplifted staves, who is unattached among those who are attached.

Àû´ëÇÏ´Â ¹«¸®µé °¡¿îµ¥¼­ Àû´ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, Æø·ÂÀ» Èֵθ£´Â ¹«¸®µé °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ÆòÈ­·Î¿î »ç¶÷, ÁýÂøµÈ ¹«¸® °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ÁýÂøµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

407

Him I call a Brahmin whose passion and hatred, pride and hypocrisy have fallen like a mustard seed from the point of an awl.

¾ÖÂø°ú Áõ¿À¿Í °Å¸¸°ú À§¼±ÀÌ ¹Ù´Ã ³¡ÀÇ °ÜÀÚ¾¾Ã³·³ ¶³¾îÁ® ³ª°£ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

408

Him I call a Brahmin who utters true speech, free from harshness, clearly understood, by which no one is offended.

Áø½ÇÇÑ ¸»À» ÇÏ°í, ¸»À» ´õµëÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, »ç¶÷ÀÇ °¨Á¤À» »çÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÀÌÇؽÃÅ°´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

409

Him I call a Brahmin who does not take, here in the world, what is not given him, be it long or short, small or large, good or bad.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±æ°Ç ª°Ç ÀÛ°Ç Å©°Ç ÁÁ°Ç ³ª»Ú°Ç, ³²ÀÌ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀº ÃëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

410

Him I call a Brahmin who has no desires for this world or for the next, who is free from desires and who is separated (from impurities).

ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ̳ª Àú ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¾Æ¹«·± ¿å¸Áµµ ¾ø°í, ´õ·¯¿ò¿¡¼­ ¶°³­ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

411

Him I call a Brahmin who has no desires, who is free from doubt knowledge (of the truth), who has reached the depth of the eternal.

¾Æ¹«·± ¿å¸Áµµ ¾ø°í, ÁöÇý·Î½á ÀǽÉÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª°í ¿µ¿øÇÑ ±íÀÌ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

412

Him I call a Brahmin who here has passed beyond the attachments of good and evil, who is free from grief, free from passion, free from impurity.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¼±¾ÇÀ» ³Ñ¾î ¼­°í ½½ÇÄ°ú ¾ÖÂø°ú ´õ·¯¿ò¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

413

Him I call a Brahmin who like the moon is stainless, pure, serene, undisturbed, in whom joyance is extinguished.

´Þó·³ ±ú²ýÇÏ°í, ¸¼°í °É¸²ÀÌ ¾ø°í, È帮Áöµµ ¾Ê°í, ±â»Ýµµ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê°Ô µÈ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

414

Him I call a Brahmin who has gone beyond this miry road of rebirth and delusion, difficult (to cross), who has crossed over, who has reached the other shore, who is meditative, unagitated, not doubting, not grasping, and calm.

ÀÌ À±È¸¿Í ¹Ì¸Á(Ú»ØÍ)ÀÇ ÈëÅÁ±æÀ» ³Ñ°í °Ç³Ê°¡¼­ ÇǾȿ¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ »ç¶÷, ¸í»óÇÏ°í ¿å¸ÁÀÌ ¾ø°í Àǽɵµ ¾ø°í ÁýÂøµµ ¾ø°í Á¶¿ëÇÑ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

415

Him I call a Brahmin who, in this world, giving up all sensual pleasures, wanders about without a home, in whom all desire for existence is extinguished.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç Á¤¿åÀ» ²÷°í, ÁýÀ» ¹ö¸®°í, Æí·Â ¼öÇàÇÏ°í, »ýÁ¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ¿å¸ÁÀ» ²÷Àº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

416

Him I call a Brahmin who, in this world, giving up all craving wanders about without a home, in whom all craving for existence is extinguished.

ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç °¥¸ÁÀ» ¹ö¸®°í, Áý ¾øÀÌ Æí·Â ¼öÇàÇÏ°í »ýÁ¸À» À§ÇÑ ¸ðµç °¥¸ÁÀ» ²÷Àº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

417

Him I call a Brahmin who, casting off attachment to human things, rises above attachment to heavenly things, is separated from all attachments.

Àΰ£ÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç ÁýÂøÀ» ²÷°í, õ»ó(ô¸ß¾)¿¡ÀÇ ÁýÂøµµ ³Ñ¾î¼­°í, ¿Â°® ÁýÂø¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

418

Him I call a Brahmin who gives up what is pleasurable and what is unpleasurable, who is cooled and is free from any seeds (of renewed existence), the hero who has conquered all the worlds.

±â»Û ÀÏ°ú ±â»ÚÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀ» ¹ö¸®°í ³ÃÁ¤Çϸç, ÀÇÁöÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê°í ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ÀÌ±ä ¿µ¿õÀ» ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

419

Him I call a Brahmin who knows everywhere the perishing of living things and their uprising, who is free from attachment, living aright, and who is awakened.

Áß»ýÀÇ »î°ú Á×À½À» ¾Ë°í, ÁýÂøÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¹Ù¸£°Ô »ì°í ±ú´ÞÀº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

420

Him I call a Brahmin whose path the gods do not know, nor spirits nor men, whose taints are extinct and who has attained sainthood.

½Å(ãê)À̳ª ±Í½ÅÀ̳ª »ç¶÷µéµµ ±×°¡ °£ ÀÚÃ븦 ¸ð¸£°í, ´õ·¯¿òÀº ¾ø¾îÁö°í, ¼ºÀÚÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿¡ ¿À¸¥ À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

421

Him I call a Brahmin for whom there is nothing before, behind, or between, who has nothing and is without attachment.

ÀÌÀü¿¡µµ °¡Áø °ÍÀÌ ¾ø¾ú°í, Áö±Ýµµ ¾ø°í, ¹Ì·¡¿¡µµ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í, ¹«¼ÒÀ¯(Ùíá¶êó)À̸ç, ÁýÂøÀÌ ¾ø´Â À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

422

Him I call a Brahmin who is fearless (like a bull), noble, heroic, the all-wise, who has overcome (death), the sinless who has accomplished his study, the awakened.

Ȳ¼Ò°°ÀÌ µÎ·Á¿òµµ ¾ø°í, °í»óÇÏ¸ç ¿µ¿õÀûÀÌ°í, ¾ÆÁÖ Çö¸íÇÏ°í Á×À½À» ±Øº¹ÇÏ°í, °øºÎ¸¦ ¿Ï¼ºÇÑ ÁË ¾ø´Â À̸¦, ±×¸®°í ±ú´ÞÀº À̸¦ ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

423

Him I call a Brahmin who knows his former abodes (lives), who perceives heaven and hell, has reached the end of birth, is a sage whose knowledge is perfect and has accomplished all that has to be accomplished.

Àü»ýÀ» ¾Ë°í, õ±¹°ú Áö¿ÁÀ» º¸°í, »îÀÇ ³¡(À±È¸)¿¡ À̸£·¶°í, ÁöÇý°¡ ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°í, ¿Ï¼öÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿Ï¼öÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ³ª´Â ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù. <³¡>



Updated: January 23, 2003
Copyright © 2003 The Research Institute for Pali Literature

 
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