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THE YOGACARABHUMI
OF 
ACARYA ASANGA
THE SANSKRIT TEXT COMPARED WITH THE TIBETAN VERSION
EDITED BY
VIDHUSHEKHARA BHATTACHARYA
PART I
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
1957 
Price Rs. 10/-
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Printed in India
Printed by J.C. Sarkhel at the Calcutta Oriental Press Private Ltd.,
9, Panchanan Ghose Lane, Calcutta, and Published by Sibendranath Kanjilal,
Superintendent, Calcutta University Press, 48, Hazra Road Calcutta-9.
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FOREWORD
It was more than eight years that the then Vice-
Chancellor of the University of Calcutta, Dr. SYAMA
PRASAD MOOKERJEE accepted on my suggestion
an edition of Asanga’s Yogacarabhumi being edited by 
me and published from the University itself. Necessarily he 
assured me of all sorts of facilities or requisite books 
etc. for the work. But as ill luck would have it, due 
to the premature demise of Dr. SYAMA PRASAD 
MOOKERJEE and my own retirement from the 
University service the circumstances became gradually so 
adverse that the progress of the work was much hampered 
in various ways, as is evident from the fact that only this 
part has taken so much unusual time to come out, the greatest 
obstacle was that it was very difficult to surmount the unsym-
pathetic attitude of the Press in which it is printed.
Among the Buddhist Sanskrit works secured by the 
Mahapandita Sri Rahula Sankrityayana from 
Tibet the Yogacarabhumi is one, it being transcribed by 
himself and he very kindly gave it to me for the preparation
of an edition. Naturally I am very thankful to him for it. 
My thanks are due also to the Bihar and Orissa Research 
Society for kindly supplying our University with a photograph 
of the work. It is referred to here in the edition as MS.
I have compared the Sanskrit text with its Tibetan version.
The Tibetan Xylograph is of the Narthang edition belonging 
to the Visvabharati University, to which I am very much 
indebted.
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In this part of the work one of my beloved pupils, Sri
Anantalal Thakur, M A., then a research student 
of the University and now a Professor of the Mithila Vidya-
pitha, has copied a considerable portion of the press copy. Sri
Ramkrishna Chakravarti, M.A. of the Calcutta
University Press, has greatly helped me in carrying the book
through the Press. For this I offer my sincere thanks to both 
of them.
Brahmavihara,
CALCUTTA
January, 1957
VIDHUSHEKHARA BHATTACHARYA
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DIAGRAM
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TO
THE MEMORY OF 
DR. SYAMA PRASAD MOOKERJEE
THE GREAT SON OF A GREAT FATHER
WHO WON THE HEART OF THE PEOPLE
BY HIS UNIQUE QUALITIES FIGHTING HEROICALLY TILL
THE LAST DROP OF HIS BLOOD 
FOR THE CAUSE OF HIS COUNTRY
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INTRODUCTION
(Preliminary)
It is well-known that Acarya Asanga is one 
of the most prominent figures in the history of Buddhism 
and specially in that of the Yogacara School. The Yogacara-
bhumi is his masterpiece. In China it is still studied widely.
But it is known there by the name Yogacaryabhumisastra
(U-cie-si-ti-lu-jen); in Tibet it is called Yogacaryabhumi
(Rnal. hbyor. spyod. pahi.sa). The Tibetan word spyod may
be taken also for Sanskrit acara, yet in transliteration there 
is always carya and not acara. Sometimes this work is called 
Saptadasabhumisastra owing to the fact that the seventeen
bhumis ‘stages’ of the mind are mainly dealt with herein. In
China it is attributed to Maitreyanatha.
It has five divisions, viz., (I) Bahubhumikavastu,
(2) Nirnaya- (or Viniscaya-) samgraha, (3) Vastusamgraha,
(4) Parayaya-samgraha, and (5) Vivaranasamgraha.{1 For the brief contents of them see Bu.ton, Vol. I, p. 55} As found 
in Tibetan, these five divisions are contained in five separate 
volumes. We are concerned here only with the first division,
Bahubhumikavastu. Its fifteenth chapter. Bodhisattvabhumi
is already edited by Unrai Wogihara, Tokyo,
1930, from two MSS, one of Cambridge and the other of 
Kyoto. Neither of them was complete, and both abound in 
clerical errors. J. Rahder has edited in the Appendix
to the edition of the Dasabhumikasastra only two sections 
(patalas) from it, viz. Vihara-patala and Bhumi-patala from
the same Cambridge MS. One MS. more has recently been
discovered by Sri Rahula Sankrtyayana in 
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Tibet, from which he himself has made a transcription.
It is clear from it that there are 150 folios in that original
MS. which appears to be of a big size. Each side of the 
folios has six or seven lines.
Two chapters of this work. viz., VIII, called Sravakabhumi,
and XV, named Bodhisattvabhumi, are wanting in the original
MS. used by Sri Rahula as clearly noted in the transcrip-
tion by him. It appears from the Tibetan sources that the above 
two were missing in some Sanskrit MSS, as in the Tibetan
version these two chapters, Sravakabhumi and Bodhisattva-
bhumi form two separate volumes, their numbers being 4036
and 4037 respectively in the Complete Catalogue of Tibetan
Buddhist Canons of Tohuku Imperial University. See also 
Cordier: Catalogue du Fonds Tibetan du la Bibliotbeque 
Nationale, Troisieme Partie, 1915.
It is also to be noted that among the photo-prints of the 
Sanskrit Buddhist works which are brought and kept in the
office of the Bihar and Orissa Society, Patna, there are these 
two books, Sravakabhumi and Bodhisattvabhumi. From this 
fact one may think that, as these two chapters of the 
Yogacarabhumi were separately available, the scribe of the 
original MS under discussion deliberately left them out.
Now, as the Bodhisattvabhumi is already published, we 
do not lose much in this respect, and as regards the Sravaka-
bhumi if the photo-print in the Bihar and Orissa Research
Society referred to above can in any way be utilized we may 
hope to have one day the Yogacarabhumi in its complete form
from the materials described above.
There are both the Chinese (Nanjio, No. 1170) and the 
Tibetan (the catalogue alluded to above, No. 4036) transla-
tions of the Yogacarabhumi. The author of the Chinese 
translation is the celebrated Chinese teacher and traveler
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Hiuen-Tsang who is rightly known in his country as Tripitaka-
dharmacarya (San-tsan-fa-si). The Tibetan translation is 
made by different persons, most of the divisions and sections
being translated by Prajnavarman either independ-
ently or jointly with Surendrabodhi. The Sravaka-
bhumi and Bodhisattvabhumi of the Bahubhumikavastu are 
translated by Jinamitra and Prajnavarman
respectively.
Asanga’s other works are the following: (i) Abhi-
dharmasamuccaya and Mahayanasamgraha. The first 
is a general summary of the doctrine in common with all the 
three yanas 'ways' and an exposition of five points,-the 
definitions of all the subjects (of the Abhidharma), investiga-
tion of the four. Truths, of the Saint of the Doctrine, of 
the ultimate result, and of the method of teaching. It is 
edited by Prahlad Pradhan, Visva-Bharati,
Santiniketan, 1950.
And the second is a summary of the doctrine of the 
Mahayana. It demonstrates in abridged form ten points,-
the varieties of the elements of existence etc. from the 
Mahayanistic standpoint.{1Bu-ston. Part I, p. 56}
BRAHMAVIHARA,
CALCATTA
15th February, 1957
VIDHUSHEKHARA BHATTACHARYA
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THE MAIN CONTENTS OF THE PRESENT PART
pages
saptadaśa yogācārabhūmaya: ...3
I pañcavijñānakāyasamprayuktā bhūmi: prathamā...4-10
II manobhūmirdvitīyā... .... 11-72
III savitarkā savicārā bhūmistṛtīyā avitarkā vicāramātrā
bhūmiścaturthī avitarkāvicārā bhūmiśca pañcamī...73-232
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||yogācārabhūmi:||
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[ saptadaśa yogācārabhūmaya:]
[1kha] [Tib. 1b. 2] {1 Tib. begins with vagadhipataye manjusrikumarabhutaya
namah (tshig. gi. mnah. bdag. hjam. dpal. gzon. nur. gyur.
pa. la. chag. tshal. lo). It is not in MS.}[yogācārabhūmi: katamā | sā sa] {2 Tib. rnal. hbyor. spyod. pahi. sa. gan. ze. na/de. ni sa. bcu. 
bdun.}ptadaśa bhūmayo 
[3]draṣṭavyā | katamā: saptadaśa | piṇḍoddānaṃ |
pañcavijñāna{3 Tib. rnam. ses; MS-prajnana.}saṃyuktā manobhūmistridhāparā |
[4]savitarkavicārābhyāṃ samādhisahitā na vā ||
sacittā cāpyacittā ca [Tib. 2a.|] śrutacintā sabhāvanā |
tathā yānatrayopetā sopadhyanupadhī parā ||
[2] pañcavijñānakāyasamprayuktā bhūmi: | manobhū[mi: | savitarkā] savicārā
bhūmi: | [3] [avitarkā vicāramātrā bhūmi:|]{4 Tib. rtog. pa med. cin. dpyod. pa. tsam. gyi. sa dan |} avitarkāvicārā bhūmi: |
samāhitā bhūmi: | asamāhitā bhūmi: | [4] sacittikā bhūmi: | acittikā
bhūmi: | śrutamayī bhūmi: | cintā [Tib. 2b. 1]}mayī bhūmi: | bhāvanāmayī
bhūmi: | śrāvakabhūmi: | pratyekabuddhabhūmi: | bodhisattvabhūmi: | [2] sopadhikā bhūmi:|
nirupadhikā bhūmi: | ityetā: saptadaśa bhūmaya: samāsato yogācārabhūmirityucyate ||
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[pañcavijñānakāyasamprayuktā bhūmi: prathamā]
pañcavijñāna[3]kāyasamprayuktā bhūmi: katamā | pañca vijñānakāyā: svabhāvata-
steṣāṃ cāśraya: teṣāṃ cālambanaṃ [4] teṣāṃ ca sahāya: teṣāṃ ca karma samāsata: 
pañcavijñānakāyasamprayuktā bhūmi: ||
[5]pañcavijñānakāyā: katame | cakṣurvijñānaṃ śrotra-ghrāṇa-jihvā-kāyamano{1 Tib. yid. kyi; MS omits it.}vijñānaṃ ||
cakṣurvi [Tib. 3a.1]jñānaṃ katamat | yā cakṣurāśrayā rūpaprativijñapti: ||
[2] cakṣurvijñānasyāśraya: katama: | cakṣu: sahabhūrāśraya: | mana: samanantara
āśraya: | sarvabījakamāśrayo{2 For asraya Tib. literally reads sarira or deha (lus). So below.} pādātṛvipākasaṃgṛhīta [3] mālayavijñānaṃ bījāśraya: |
tadetadabhisamasya dvividha āśrayo bhavati | rūpī cārūpī ca | [4] tatra cakṣū rūpī |
tadanyo’rūpī || cakṣu: katamat | catvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya cakṣu [5]rvijñāna-
saṃniśrayo rūpaprasādo’nidarśana: sapratigha: ||{3 In writing these two words MS here and below does not always
follow the grammar with regard to the gender, there being 
^darsanam ^pratigham. See AK. I.29; Kosa I. 51-52.} mana: katamat | yaccakṣurvijñānasyā-
nantarātītaṃ [Tib. 3b.1] vijñānaṃ || sarvabījakaṃ vijñānaṃ katamat | pūrvakaṃ 
prapañcaratihetumupādāya ya: sarvabījako vipāko [2] {4 Tib. adds abhi- (mnon. par).}nirvṛtta: || cakṣurvijñāna-
syālambanaṃ katamat | yadrūpaṃ sanidarśanaṃ sapratighaṃ | tatpunaranekavidhaṃ | samāsato
varṇṇa: saṃsthānaṃ vijñaptiśca || varṇṇa: katama: | tadyathā nīlaṃ pītaṃ lohitamavadātaṃ 
chāyātapa āloko’ndhakāra[4] mabhraṃ dhūmo rajo mahikā nabhaścaikavarṇṇaṃ ||{5 See MVy 101; Kosa, 1. 10; DS 617.}saṃsthānaṃ 
katamat | tadyathā dīrghaṃ hrasvaṃ vṛttaṃ parimaṇḍala[5] maṇu sthūlaṃ śātaṃ viśātaṃ{6 Sometimes sata and visata are also found.}
unnatamavanataṃ || vijñapti: katamā | tadyathādānaṃ nikṣepaṇaṃ [6] samiñjitaṃ sthānaṃ 
niṣadyā śayyābhi{7 Tib. omits abhi-.}kramo’tikrama itye[2ka]vamādi: ||
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api khalu varṇṇa: katama: | yo rūpanibha{1 MS. ya rupanira with a query mark. Tib. gzugs. dan. hdra.}ścakṣurvijñāna [Tib. 4a. 1] gocara: ||
saṃsthānaṃ katamat | yo rūpapracayo dīrghādiparicchedākāra: ||
vijñapti: katamā | tasyaiva pracitasya rūpasyotpannaniruddhasya [2] vairodhikena{2 Tib. lit. ananukulena (mi. mthun. pahi).}
kāraṇena janmadeśe cānutpattistadanyadeśe ca nirantare sāntare vā sannikṛṣṭe
viprakṛṣṭe vā tasminneva vā deśe[3] ‘vikṛtotpattirvijñaptirityucyate||{3 After viprakrste va MS has utpattir vijnaptir ity ucyate.
tasminn eva va dese vikrtotpattih.}
tatra varṇṇa ābhāvabhāsa{4 MS abhah avabhasa iti, supported not by Tib., but by Chinese.} iti paryāyā: || saṃsthānaṃ pracayo dīrgha hrasvamityeva- 
mādaya: [4]paryāyā: || vijñapti: karma kriyā ceṣṭe{5 Tib. here spyod for cesta.}hā parispanda iti paryāyā: || 
sarvāsāṃ varṇṇasaṃsthānavijñaptīnāṃ cakṣu[5]rgocara[ścakṣurviṣaya] {6 Tib. mig.gi.yul.}ścakṣurvijñānagocara-
[ścakṣurvijñānaviṣaya]{7 Tib. mig. gi. rnam. par. ses. pahi. yul. dan.}ścakṣurvijñānālambanaṃ manovijñānagocaro mano[6]vijñāna-
viṣayo manovijñānālambanamiti paryāyā: || punastadeva suvarṇṇa vā durvarṇṇaṃ vā 
tadubhayāntarasthāyi vā varṇṇanibhaṃ ||
[Tib. 4b. 1] sahāya: katama: | tatsahabhūsamprayuktāścaitasā dharmā: | tadyathā |
manaskāra: sparśo vedanā saṃjñā cetaneti | ye’pyanye cakṣurvijñānena saha[2]bhū{8 MS-bhumi-}-
samprayuktāścaitasā dharmā{9 Tib. omits caitasa dharmah}ste punarekālambanā anekākārā: sahabhuvaścaikakai-
vṛttayaśca | sarve ca svabījānnirjātā: samprayuktā: sākārā: sālambanā: sāśrayā: ||
karma katamat | tatṣaḍvidhaṃ dra[3]ṣṭavyaṃ | āditastāvatsvaviṣayālambanavijñapti:{10 Tib. -vijnaptivisayam (rnam. par. rig. pahi. yul).}
karma | puna: svalakṣaṇavijñapti: | punarvartamānakālavijñapti: | punarekakṣaṇavijñapti: |
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punardvābhyāmākārābhyāṃ manovijñānānuvṛtti: | kuśalkaliṣṭa[4]#nuvṛttiśca karma-
samutthānānuvṛttiśca | punariṣṭāniṣṭaphalaparigraha: ṣaṣṭhaṃ karma ||
[śrotravijñānam]
śrotravijñānaṃ katamat | yā śrotrāśrayā śabdaprativijñapti: | āśraya: katama: |
[5]sahabhūrāśraya: śrotraṃ | samanantara āśrayo mana: | bījāśrayastadeva 
sarvabījakamālayavijñānaṃ ||
śrotraṃ katamat | catvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya śrotravijñānasanniśrayo
rūpaprasādo’nidarśana: [6] sapratigha: | manobījayo: pūrvavadvibhāga: ||
ālambanaṃ katamat | śabdā anekavidhā anidarśanā: sapratighā: | tadyathā 
śaṅkhaśabda: paṭahaśabdo merīśabdo mṛdaṅgaśabdo nṛtya{1 Tib. gar. byed. pa may be for nrtya and nrtta or nata. MS is 
not so clear.}śabdo gītaśabdo[7] vāditaśabda
āḍambara{2 MS adamba; Tib. rna...chehi.}śabda: strīśabda: puruṣaśabdo vāyuvanaspatiśabdo vyakto’vyakta: sārthako 
nirarthaka: parītto madhya ucco nadīśabda: kalakalaśabda uddeśa{3 Tib.lun. nod which suggests upadesa.}[Tib. 5a. 1]-
svādhyāyadeśanāsāṅkathyavinirṇayaśabda{4 Tib. adds sabdah after each of the preceding words.} ityevaṃbhāgīyā bahava: śabdā: ||
sa punarupāttamahābhūtahetuko’nupāttamahāṃ[2] bhūtahetuka upāttānupāttamahā-
bhūtahetukaśca:{5 MS hetukasabdah. In Tib. sabdah is omitted. Tib. adds here ca (dan).} | [2kha] tatra prathamo yo’dhyātmapratyaya eva | dvitīyo yo bāhya-
pratyaya eva | tṛtīyo yo bāhyādhyātmapratyaya eva{6 As Tib. reads nid; MS omits it} || sa punarmānāpiko [3]-
‘mānāpikastadubhayaviparītaśca{7 As Tib. reads dan; MS omits ca.} ||
tatra{8 After it there is a very indistinct word in the MS; there is 
however nothing for it in Tib.} śabdo ghoṣa: svaro niruktirnādo vāgvijñaptiriti paryāyā: ||
śrotragocara: śrotraviṣaya: śrotravijñānagocara: śrotra[4]vijñānaviṣaya: śrotra-
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vijñānālambanaṃ manovijñānagocaro manovijñānaviṣayo manovijñānālambanamiti 
paryāyā: || 
sahāya: karma ca cakṣu[5]rvijñānavadveditavyaṃ ||
[ghrāṇavijñānam]
ghrāṇavijñānaṃ katamat | yā ghrāṇāśrayā gandhaprativijñapti: | āśraya: katama: |
sahabhūrāśrayo ghrāṇaṃ | samanantara āśrayo mana: | bījāśrayastadeva sarvabīja-
kamālaya[6]vijñānaṃ ||
ghrāṇaṃ katamat | yaccatvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya ghrāṇavijñānasaṃniśrayo rūpa-
prasādo’nidarśana: sapratigha: ||
manobījayo: pūrvavadvibhāga: ||
ālambanaṃ[7]katamat | gandhā anekavidhā anidarśanā: sapratighā: sugandhā 
vā durgandhā{1 Tib. drin. ba which must be dri. nan. pa.} vā samagandhā{2 MVy. 1896.} vā ghrāṇīyāstadyathā mūlagandha: sāragandha: patragandha:
puṣpagandha: phalagandha ityevamādayo bahavo gandhā: ||
tatra[Tib. 5b. 1] gandho ghrāṇīyo jighraṇīya āghrātavya{3 Tib. repeats it.} ityevamādaya:
paryāyā: ||
ghrāṇagocaro ghrāṇaviṣayo ghrāṇavijñānagocaro ghrāṇavijñānaviṣayo [2]
ghrāṇavijñānālambanaṃ manovijñānagocaro manovijñānaviṣayo manovijñānālambanamiti 
paryāyā: ||
sahāya: karma ca pūrvavadveditavyaṃ ||
[jihvāvijñānam]
jihvāvi[3]jñānaṃ katamat | yā jihvāśrayā rasa{4 Tib. omits it (ro).}prativijñapti: || āśraya:
katama: | sahabhūrāśrayo jihvā | samanantara āśrayo mana: | bījāśrayastadeva 
sarvabījakamālayavijñānaṃ ||
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jihvā katamā | yaśca[4]tvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya jihvāvijñānasanniśrayo
rūpaprasādo’nidarśana: sapratigha:{1 MS plural number.} ||
manobījayo: pūrvavadvibhāga: || 
ālambanaṃ katamat | rasā anekavidhā anidarśanā: sapratighā: | [5] te 
punastiktāmlakaṭukaṣāyalavaṇamadhurā mānāpikā vāmānāpikā vopekṣāsthānīyā: 
svādanīyā: | tatra rasa: svādayitavyo’bhyavahartavyo bhojyaṃ [6] peyaṃ lehyaṃ 
cūṣya{2 MS cosyam.}mupabhogyamiti{3 Tib. adds adayah (sogs).} paryāyā: ||
[3 ka] jihvāgocaro jihvāviṣayo jihvāvijñānagocaro jihvāvijñānaviṣayo
jihvāvijñānālambanaṃ [7] manovijñānagocaro manovijñānaviṣayo manovijñānā-
lambanamiti paryāyā: ||
sahāya: karma ca pūrvavadveditavyaṃ ||
[kāyavijñānam]
kāyavijñānaṃ katamat | yā kāyā[Tib 6a. 1]śrayā spraṣṭavyaprativijñapti: ||
āśraya: katama: | sahabhū{4 Tib. lhan. cig. hbyun. bahi. gnas; MS mahabhutasrayah.}rāśraya: kāya: | samanantarāśrayo{5 Here and below (p. 11, 1. 9) there is sandhi, but not before (as
on p. 4.1.6)} mana: | bījā-
śrayastadeva sarvabījakamālayavijñānaṃ ||
kāya: katama: | yaścatvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya kāyavijñānasaṃniśrayo rūpa-
prasādo’nidarśana: sapratigha: ||
manobījayo: pūrvavadvibhāga: ||
ālambanaṃ katamat | spraṣṭavyamaneka{6 Tib. omits aneka-. See Kosa, I. 10, 35; DS. 648.}vidhamanidarśanaṃ sapratighaṃ | [3] tadyathā
pṛthivyāpastejo vāyurlaghutvaṃ gurutvaṃ ślakṣṇatvaṃ karkaśatvaṃ śītaṃ jighatsā{7 For jighatsa Tib. has bskres. pa; MVy. 1910. not in CD.} pipāsā
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tṛptirbalaṃ daurbalyaṃ vyādhirjarā maraṇaṃ [4] kaṇḍūrmūrcchā picchilaṃ(?){1 The MS is quite clear. Tib. clearly reads hdred. pa. (=blo.
sems. sun) meaning adhi ‘mental agony’.} śramo{2 Tib. omits it.} viśramo
mṛdutvaṃ{3 Tib. nem. nem. po. nid. According to CD nem. nem. pa. means 
‘to sink down’ avasada; a nadding, waving or rocking motion.} rjava(?) {4 So the MS. But it does not give any appreciable meaning. 
Tib. mdans. bzan. ba., ojas, tejas.}ityevaṃbhāgīyaṃ bahuvidhaṃ spraṣṭavyaṃ ||
tatpuna: susaṃsparśa vā dussaṃsparśa vopekṣāsthānīyaṃ vā sparśanīyaṃ ||
[5]tatra spraṣṭavyaṃ spṛśyaṃ{5 Tib. reg. pa. which means sparsa and not sprsya.} sparśanīyaṃ kharaṃ{6 So the MS; Tib. tsub. pa, ugra, parusa. khara.} dravyaṃ{7 Tib. rlan. ardram, MS nva(?).} cala{8 Tib. gyo ba. for drava.}muṣṇamityādaya: paryāyā: ||
kāyagocara: kāyaviṣaya: kāyavijñānagocara: kāyavijñānaviṣaya:[6]
kāyavijñānālambanaṃ manovijñānagocaro manovijñānaviṣayo manovijñānālambana-
[miti paryāyā:]{9 Tib. rnam. grans. su. gtogs. paho.} ||
sahāya: karma ca pūrvavadveditavyaṃ ||
[vijñānotpāda:]
tatra cakṣu: paribhinnaṃ bhavati | rūpamanābhāsagataṃ bhavati | na ca tajjo manaskāra: 
pratyupasthito bhavati | na tasya cakṣurvijñānotpādo bhavati || yataśca cakṣuraparibhinnaṃ 
bhavati | rūpamābhāsagataṃ bhavati | tajjaśca manaskāra: pratyupasthito bhavati |
tatastajjo’sya{10 Tib. omits it.} cakṣurvijñānasyotpādo bhavati ||{11 This passage is mutilated and confounded in Tib.} [Tib. 6b. 1] yathā
cakṣurvijñānamevaṃ śrotraghrāṇajihvākāyavijñānāni [2] draṣṭavyāni ||
@010
[vijñānasambaddhāni cittāni]
tatra cakṣurvijñāna utpanne trīṇi cittānyupalabhyante yathākramamaupanipātikaṃ 
paryeṣakaṃ niścitaṃ ca | tatra cādyaṃ cakṣurvijñānameva | dve [3] manovijñāne | tatra niścitā-
ccittātparaṃ{1 So the MS, but Tib. phan. chad, meaning param, parena,
‘beyond’.} saṃkleśo vyavadānaṃ ca draṣṭavyaṃ | tatastannaiṣyandikaṃ | cakṣurvijñānamapi 
kuśalākuśalaṃ pravarttate | na tu svavikalpavaśena | [4] tāvacca dvayormanovijñānacakṣu-
rvijñānayo: kuśalatvaṃ vā kliṣṭatvaṃ yāvattanmano nānyatra vikṣipya[3 kha]te ||
yathā cakṣurvijñāna utpanna evaṃ [5] yāvatkāyavijñānaṃ veditavyaṃ ||
[vijñānopamā]
tatra deśāntaraprasthitasyeva yānamāśrayo{2 Tib. simply asraya (gnas); MS padasrayah.} draṣṭavya: | pañcānāṃ vijñānakāyānāṃ 
sahāyārthikavat{3 Tib. here being illegible arthikavat could not be compared.} sahāyā: | [6] karaṇīya {4 Tib. literally artha (don).}vadālambanaṃ | svaśaktivat ta{5 Tib. omits tat.}tkarma |
apara:{6 MS. aparam.} paryāya: | gṛhasthasya gṛhavadeṣāmāśrayo draṣṭavya: | bhogavadālambanaṃ |
dāsīdāsādivatsahāyā: | vyavasāyavat [7] karma ||
|| yogācārabhūmau pañcavijñāna[kāya] {7 Tib. tshogs.}samprayuktā bhūmi: prathamā{8 Tib. dan. po. Not in MS.} samāptā{9 Tib omits it.} ||

@011
[manobhūmirdvitīyā]
{1 Tib. adds here tatra (de. la).}manobhūmi: katamā | sāpi pañcabhirākārairdraṣṭavyā | svabhāvata āśrayata 
ālambanata: sahāyata: karmataśca ||
[Tib. 7a. 1] svabhāva: katama: | yaccittaṃ mano vijñānaṃ ||
cittaṃ katamat | yatsarvabījopagatamāśrayabhāvopagata{2 For-upagata Tib. lit.-bhuta-(gyur. pa).}māśrayabhāvaniṣṭha{3 Tib. gnas. kyi. dnos. por. gnas. pa. dan; MS ga nnistam (?).}mupā-
dātṛvipākasaṃgṛhītamālaya[2]vijñānaṃ ||
mana: katamat | yatṣaṇṇāmapi vijñānakāyānāmanantaraniruddhaṃ kliṣṭaṃ ca mano 
yannityamavidyātmadṛṣṭyasmimānatṛṣṇālakṣaṇaiścaturbhi: kleśai: samprayuktaṃ ||
vijñānaṃ katamat | yadālambanavijñaptau pratyupasthitaṃ ||
āśraya: katama: | samanantarāśrayo mana: | bījāśraya: pūrvavadeva | sarvabījaka-
mālayavijñānaṃ ||
[4] ālambanaṃ katamat | sarvadharma ālambanaṃ |{4 Tib. chos. thams. cad. ni. dmigs. pa. ste. MS sadharmalambanam.} kevalaṃ{5 Tib. hbah. zig. gi suggesting kevalah. MS niskevalam tu.} tu vedanāskandha:
saṃjñāskandha: saṃskāraskandho’saṃskṛtaṃ cānidarśanamapratighaṃ ca rūpaṃ ṣaḍāyatanaṃ
sarvabījāni ca ||
[5] sahāya: katama: | tadyathā | manaskāra: sparśo vedanā saṃjñā cetanā 
chando’dhimokṣa: smṛti: samādhi: prajñā śraddhā hrī{6 Tib. no tsha. ses. pa. dan, hrijnanam.}rapatrāpyamalobho[6]'dveṣo'moho
vīrya prasrabdhirapramāda upekṣāhiṃsā{7 Tib. rnam. par. mi. htshe. ba. avihimsa.} rāga: pratigho’vidyā māno dṛṣṭirvicikitsā
krodha upanāho [7] mrakṣa: pradāśa{8 Sometimes pradasa. Tib. htsig. pa meaning pradaha.} īrṣyā mātsarya māyā śāṭhyaṃ mado vihiṃsāhrīkya-
manapatrāpyaṃ styānamauddhatyamāśraddhyaṃ kausīdyaṃ pramādo muṣitasmṛtitā-[Tib. 7b. 1]
dhikṣepo’samprajanyaṃ kaukṛtyamiddhaṃ vitarko vicāraścetyevaṃbhāgīyā: sahabhūsampreyuktā-
ścaitasā dharmā: sahāya ityucyante ekālambanā[2] anekākārā: sahabhuva ekaika-
vṛttaya: svabījaniyatā: samprayuktā: sākārā: sālambanā: sāśrayā: ||
@012
karma katamat | svaparaviṣayālambanavijñapti: prathamaṃ karma | [3] puna: svasā-
mānyalakṣaṇavijñapti: | punaratītānāgatapratyutpannakālavijñapti: | puna: [4ka]kṣaṇa{1 Tib. lit ksanika-(skad. cig. pahi.)}-
prabandhavijñapti: | puna: pravartanānuvartanā śuddhāśuddhānāṃ{2 Tib. subhasubhanam(dge.ba. dan. mi. dge. bahi).} dharmāṇāṃ karmaṇāṃ ca | punariṣṭā-
niṣṭaphalaparigraha[4] stadanyeṣāṃ ca vijñānakāyānāṃ taddhetuniṣyandasamutthāpanā ||
api khalu [5] sarveṇa sarva tadanyebhyo vijñānakāyebhyo vaiśeṣikaṃ karmāvalambanaṃ 
vikalpayatyālambanamupanidhyāti mādyatyunmādyati svapiti pratibudhyati mūrchāmāpadyate
mūrchāyā vyuttiṣṭhati [6] kāyavākkarma pravartayati vairāgyaṃ karoti vairāgyātparihīyate 
kuśalamūlāni samucchinatti kuśalamūlāni pratisandadhāti cyavata utpadyate ceti ||
[7] kathamālambanaṃ vikalpayati | saptavidhena vikalpena | sa puna: katama: |
naimittiko’naimittika: svarasavāhī paryeṣaka: pratyavekṣaka: kliṣṭo’kliṣṭo [Tib. 8a. 1] vikalpa: ||
naimittiko vikalpa: katama: | pūrvānubhūteṣvartheṣu ya:{3 Omitted in Tib.} paripakvendriyasya ||
anaimittika: katama: | pūrvānusāreṇānāgatavikalpo{4 Acc. Tib. the compound is for anagatasya vikalpah (ma. hons.
pa. la. rtog).} yaśca[2] dahrasyāvyavahāra-
kuśalasya ||
svarasavāhī katama: | pratyupasthite viṣaye svarasena yo viṣayabalādeva vartate ||
paryeṣaka: katama: | yo dharmānmārgayato vicārayata:{5 Tib. adds here vikalpah (rnam. par. rtog. pa).} ||
[3] pratyavekṣaka: katama: | parimārgite vicārite vyavasthāpite ya: pratyavekṣa-
māṇasya{6 Here, too. Tib.adds vikalpah (rnam. par. rtog. pa).} ||
kliṣṭa: katama: | yo’tīte’pekṣāsahagato’nāgate’bhi[4]nandanāsahagata: pratyutpanne 
‘dhyavasānasahagata: kāmasaṅkalpo vyāpādasaṅkalpo vihiṃsāsaṅkalpo’nyatamenā-
nyatamena vā kleśopakleśena ya: samprayukta:[5] saṅkalpa: ||
@013
akliṣṭa: katama: | ya: kuśalo’vyākṛtaśca naiṣkramya{1 Tib. mnon. par. hbyun. ba, lit. abhiniskramana.}vikalpo’vyāpādavikalpo-
‘vihiṃsā{2 For MS vihimsa.}[6]vikalpo’nyatamānyatamena vā puna: śraddhādikena kuśalena dharmeṇa ya: 
samprayukto vikalpa airyāpathika: śailpasthāniko vā nirmāṇaṃ nirmiṇvato 
[vikalpa:]{3 Tib. rnam. par. rtog. pa.} | iyatā[7]lambanasya vikalpanā bhavati ||
kathamālambanamupanidhyāti | yogavihitato{4 Acc. to Tib. here yoga is used in the sense of yukti (rigs),
and vihita in the sense of ahita (for adhana) `production’
(bskyed).}’yogavihitato naiva yogavihi-
tato nāyogavihitataśca{5 Tib. adds here upanidhyati (ne. bar. sems. paho).} ||
[Tib. 8b. 2] kathaṃ yogavihitata: | yathāsadbhūtaṃ na samāropayati caturvi-
paryāsai: | anitye nityamiti viparyāsena | du:khe sukhamiti viparyāsena | aśucau
śucīti viparyāsena | anātmanyātmeti viparyāsena | [2] nāpi sadbhūtamapavadate 
mithyādṛṣṭyā nāsti dattamityādyākārayā mithyādṛṣṭyā | dharmasthitijñāne vā 
punaryathābhūtaṃ vastu prekṣate{6 Tib. rtog. MS vastupaksyate, but it does not give any sense.} [4 kha] [3] parijānāti | suviśuddhena vā punarlokottareṇa
jñānena dharmānyathābhūtamabhisambudhyate | evaṃ yogavihitata: ||
etadviparyayādayogavihitato draṣṭavya: ||
[4] kathaṃ naiva yogavihitato nāyogavihitata: | avyākṛtāṃ prajñāṃ niśritya 
dharmānupanidhyāyati |{7 MS ^dhyatah, but not supported, by Tib.}
evamālambanamupanidhyāyati ||
kathaṃ mādyati | prakṛtyā durbalaśarīratayā[5]nabhyastamadyapānatayātitīkṣṇa-
madyapānatayāmātramadya{8 For amatra-MS amatra; Tib. omits-madya-}pānatayā ||
kathamunmādyati | pūrvakarmākṣepatayā dhātuvaiṣamyatayottrāsabhayatayā marmābhighāta-
tayā [6] bhūtasamāveśatayā ||
@014
kathaṃ svapiti | prakṛtyāśraya{1 Tib.-deha-or-sarira-(lus) for asraya-; this is often confused.}daurbalyatayā pariśramaklamadoṣatayā bhojanagaurava-
tayāndhakāranimittamanasikāratayā sarvakarmāntaprativisrambhaṇatayā{2 ? Tib. btad. ga (?).} [7] nidrābhya-
statayā paropasaṃhāratayā{3 Tib. gzan. gyis. byas. pa, parakrtaya.} ca | tadyathā | saṃvāhyamāno{4 Tib. lus. ne. ba.} vā vidyayā vauṣadhairvā
prabhāveṇā{5 MS adds here va again.} pasvāpyamāna: svapiti ||
kathaṃ pratibudhyate | nidro{6 For nidro-MS siddho-or middho-; Tib. gnid. nidra.}pavṛhitasya tatparyavasthānāsahanatayā{7 Tib. dehi. kun. nas. dkris. pa, lit. tatparivestana, See below.} karaṇīyasya{8 Before it MS adds sa.}
[Tib. 9a. 1] tadābhogasvapanatayā paropasaṃhāratayā ca ||
kathaṃ mūrchāmāpadyate | vātapittavibhramaṇatayā abhighātatayā ativirekatayā yaduta
purīṣavirekeṇa vā śoṇitavirekeṇa vā viriktasya [2] cātyadhyavasāyatayā{9 MS abhidhyayasataya. Tib. drag. tu. brtsal. bas. byed. do.} ||
kathaṃ mūrchāyā vyuttiṣṭhate | tasyaiva mūrchāparyavasthānasya prativigamanatayā ||
kathaṃ kāyavākkarma pravartayati | kāyavākkarmasthānīyajñānapūrvaṅgamanatayā tata-
śchanda[3]jananatayā tato yatnārambhaṇatayā tato yatnapūrvakakāyavākkarmānukūlavāyu-
pravartanatayā ||
kathaṃ vairāgyaṃ karoti | vairāgyānukūlendriyaparipākatayā [4] parato’nulomi-
kāvavādalābhatayā tadantarāyavivarjanatayā samyagaviparītamanasikārabhāvanatayā ||
kathaṃ vairāgyātparihīyate | prakṛtyā mṛdvindriyatayā[5]bhinavakuśalapakṣasya
tadākāraliṅganimittamanasikāratayā parihāṇāya dharma samādāya vartanatayā
kleśāvṛtatayā pāpamitraparigrahaṇatayā ca ||
[6] kathaṃ kuśalamūlāni samucchinatti | tīkṣṇendriyasyādhimātraṃ pāpāśayādhyā-
cāradharmasamanvāgatatayā tadanulomamitralābhatayā tasya ca mithyādṛṣṭiparyavasthānasya 
ghanīkaraṇaparyantopagamanatayā [7] sarvapāpādhyācāreṣvasaṃkocākaukṛtyapratilābha-
tayā ca{10 For akaukr- (Tib. hgyod. par. mi. byed. pas), MS nairvalya- (?) ||
@015
tatra bījamapi [5 ka]kuśalamūlaṃ | alobhādayo’pi kuśalamūlaṃ | kuśalamūlasa-
mudācāravirodhena santānasthāpanakuśala [Tib.9b. 1] mūlasamucchedanabījoddharaṇa-
tayā ca ||{1 MS -kusalamulasamucchedo na bijoddharaitaya; Tib. dge. 
bahi. rtsa. ba. rnams. gcod. pahi. sa. bon. hbyin. pa. byed. do.} 
kathaṃ kuśalamūlāni pratisandadhāti | prakṛtyā tīkṣṇendriyatayā mitra{2 After this Tib. adds jnana (ses).}jñāti{3 Tib. adds. asraya (rten).}-
sahāyakānāṃ puṇyakriyābhisaṃyogasandarśanatayā satpuruṣānupasaṅkramya[2] saddharma-
śravaṇatayā vicikitsotpattiniścayādhigamanatayā ca ||
kathaṃ cyavate | parimitāyuṣkatayā | tatpunarmaraṇamāyu:kṣepātpuṇyakṣepādviṣamā{4 See below, note G Kosa, II. 217-218}-
parihārataśca [3] kālepyakāle’pi veditavyaṃ kuśala{5 For kusala. Tib. lit. sat (yan. dag).}cittasyāpyakuśalacittasyā-
vyākṛtacittasyāpi ||
kathamāyu:kṣepāt | yathāpīhaikatyo yathākṣiptamāyu: paripūrṇa kṣapayitvā cyavate |
saiva puna: kālacyutirityucyate ||
kathaṃ puṇyakṣepāt | [4] yathāpīhaikatya upakaraṇavaikalyena cyavate ||
kathaṃ viṣamāparihārata: |{6 In the first case MS reads visaya-for visama-, while Tib. in 
both the cases has yod. pa yan-na. ba or yan. ba (?) in MVy.
6957, not in CD.} yathoktaṃ bhagavatā |
nava hetavo nava pratyayā akṣīṇāyuṣa: kālakriyāyā iti |{7 Here iti is not supported by Tib. But it reads it below after bhavati.}
katame nava |{8 For nava (twice) in this sentence, supported by Tib. (dgu) MS
na ca.} amātrābhojī bhavati apathyabhojī [5] apariṇatabhojī āmaṃ 
nāddharati pakvaṃ dhārayati{9 Tib. pratisedhati (dgags. pa).} bhaiṣajyaṃ na pratiṣevate{10 Tib. bsten. pa; MS pratisedhati.} sātmyāsātmyaṃ na jānīte akāla-
cārī bhavati abrahmacārī bhavatīti | saiva punarakālacyutirityucyate ||
@016
[6] kathaṃ kuśalacittaścyavate | yathāpīhaikatyo mriyamāṇa: pūrvān{1 Tib. adds a-(or sam)sevitan(kun.tu. bsten).}dharmānsmarati |
pareṇa vā puna: smāryate | yenāsya tasminsamaye kuśalā: śraddhādayo dharmāścite 
samudācaranti | te puna[7]ryāvadaudārikī saṃjñā pravartate | sūkṣme puna: saṃjñāpracāre 
kuśalaṃ cittaṃ vyāvartate | avyākṛtameva cittaṃ santiṣṭhate | tathā hi | sa 
tasminsamaye pūrvābhyastaṃ{2 MS- bhyaste not supported by Tib.} ca kuśalamābhogaṃ {3 MS abhogam; Tib. brtsal. bar.}kartumasamartho bhavati parairapi smāra-
yitu[Tib. 10a. 1] maśakya: ||
kathamakuśalacittaścyavate | yathāpīhaikatyo mriyamāṇa: svayameva{4 Tib. does not support svayam eva.}pūrvābhyastāna-
kuśaladharmānsamanusmarati | parairvā smāryate | tasya tasminsamaye lobhā[2]disaha-
gatā {5 Here-sahagata is not supported by Tib.}akuśaladharmāścite samudācaranti yāvadaudārikī saṃjñā{6 Tib. hdu. ses; MS omits it and reads audarikah pracarayati.}...{7 One word obscure here in Tib.}iti pūrvavatsarva
kuśalavat |{8 For kusala- Tib. lit. kusalaprakarana- (dge. bahi. skabs).}
tatra kuśalacitto mriyamāṇa: sukhamaraṇena mriyate | [3] tasya pragāḍhā du:khā
vedanā: kāye nāvakrāmanti māraṇāntikā: |{9 Tib. mi. hgyur; MS omits na.} akuśalacitto mriyamāṇo [5kha]
du:khamaraṇena mriyate | pragāḍhāścāsya du:khā vedanā: kāye’vakrāmanti māraṇāntikā: |
[4] kuśalacittasya punarmriyamāṇasyāvyākulaṃ rūpadarśanaṃ bhavati | akuśalacittasya 
tu vyākulaṃ rūpadarśanaṃ bhavati ||
kathamavyākṛtacittaścavate | [5] kuśalākuśalakārī vā tadakārī vā svayama-
samanusmaranparairvāsmāryamāṇo naiva kuśalacitto na kliṣṭacitto mriyamāṇa: | [6]
sa naiva sukhamaraṇena mriyate naiva du:khamaraṇena | sa ca puna:{10 Tib. adds yadi (gal. te).}kuśalākuśalakārī
pudgalo mriyamāṇa: svayaṃ vā pūrvābhyastānkuśalākuśalāndharmānsmarati parairvā [7]
smāryate | tasya tasminsamaye yadabhyāsabāhulyādbalavattaraṃ bhavati tena cittaṃ nama-
te’nyata: pramucyate || sacetpunarubhayaṃ samamabhyastaṃ bhavati tatra {11 MS adds here one yad more, not supported by Tib.}yadeva tatprathamata:
@017
[Tib. 10b. 1] samanusmarati samanasmāryate vā na punarvyāvartate nānyataścittaṃ 
parāvartate{1 For nanya^ paravartate Tib. nanyatra pravartate (gzan. du. mi.
hjug. go).} | sa tasminsamaye hetudvayamadhipatīkṛtvā yaduta prapañcābhiratihetuṃ ca 
śubhāśubhakarmahetuṃ ca kālaṃ [2] kurvannupayukte {2 MS tupyukte; Tib. lit. upabhuyja (spyad. nas); but reading
na for nas in Tib. we may have upabhukte.}tasminpūrvakarmākṣipte phale’kuśala-
karmakārīha{3 Tib. hdir.}pūrvakṛtasyākuśalasyāniṣṭaphalasya karmaṇa: pūrvanimittāni pratyanubhavati |
tadyathā svapna ivānekavikṛta{4 For vikrta Tib. lit. anista (mi.sdug. pa) here and below in 
note 10.}rūpadarśanamasya bhavati | idaṃ ca sandhāyoktaṃ[3] bhagavatā 
yadasya pūrvakaṃ pāpaka{5 Tib. omits it.}makuśalaṃ karma kṛtaṃ bhavatyupacitaṃ tattasya{6 Before tasya MS adds asya.} tasminsamaye sāyāhṇakāla
iva parvatānāṃ vā parvatakūṭānāṃ vā chāyevāvalambate’dhyavalambate’bhilambate ca | iti ||
ayaṃ ca [4] pudgalo jyotistama:parāyaṇo{7 DN. III. p. 233.} veditavya: | etadviparyayeṇa puna: 
pūrvakakuśala{8 Tib. dge. ba. MS akusala}karmaphale varttamāna iha{9 Tib. hidr; MS itah.} kuśalakārī tamojyotiṣparāyaṇo vedi-
tavya: | tatrāyaṃ viśeṣa: | maraṇasamaye’sya svapna[5] ivāvikṛtaṃ{10 Tib. nanistam (mi. sdug. pa. ma. yin). See note 4.} manāpavicitraṃ 
rūpadarśanaṃ prādurbhavati ||
tatrādhimātrākuśalakāriṇastadvikṛtanimittadarśanātprasvedaśca jāyate | romakūpe–
bhyo romāñcaśca bhavati | hastapādavikṣepādayaśca bhavanti | [6] mūtrapurīṣotsargaśca 
bhavati | ākāśaparāmarśanamakṣi{11 In Xylo. read mig for mi.} parivartanaṃ mukhata: phenani:sravaṇa{12 Tib. kha. nas. dbu. ba. hbyun. ba. dan; MS hetunanisravanam.} mityevaṃbhāgīyā
dharmā utpadyante ||
sa cetpunarmadhyakārī bhavati tasya kecidvikārā{13 In Tib. vikarah is omitted.}bhavanti kecinna bhavanti | na 
paripūrṇā: sarve ||
@018
sarvasya ca [7] mriyamāṇasya vispaṣṭasaṃjñāvasthāmaprāptasya{1 Tib. ma. bab. pahi; MS ^vasthasamampraptasya.} dīrghakālābhyasta
ātmasneha: samudācarati | tatastadvaśādahaṃ na bhavāmītyātmabhāvābhinandanā
bhavati | sāsya [Tib. 11a. 1] pratiṣṭhā bhavatyantarābhavābhinirvṛttau ||
[antarābhava:]
tatra srotaāpannasya sakṛdāgāminaśca tasminsamaya ātmasneha: samudācarati |
sa ca srotaāpanna: sakṛdāgāmī vā tamātmasnehaṃ nitīrya nitīryābhi[2]nigṛhṇāti 
nādhivāsayati | tadyathā balavattarapuruṣo durbalatareṇa puruṣeṇa yudhyamāno durbalamabhi-
nigṛhṇāti tadvadatrāpi nayo draṣṭavya: ||
anāgamināṃ tu sa [6 ka] ātmasnehastadā naiva samudācarati ||
[3] tatra marmacchedo narakagatiṃ devagatiṃ ca sthāpayitvā tadanyeṣu sarvajanmāya-
taneṣu{2 Tib. janmasthanesu (skye. bahi. gnas. thod. la. yod); MS 
sarvapapanyayatanesu (?)} bhavati | sa punardvividha: | pragāḍha: pratanukaśca | pragāḍho duṣkṛtakarmaṇāṃ [4]
pratanuka: sukṛtakarmaṇāṃ | uttareṣu puna: kuruṣu sarveṣāṃ pratanuka: | rūpadhātoścyavatāṃ 
sakalendriyāṇāṃ kālakriyā | kāmadhāto: punaścyavatāmekatyānāṃ sakalendriyā-
ṇāmekatyānāṃ [5] vikalendriyāṇāṃ | śuddhānāṃ punarmuktānāṃ maraṇaṃ dāntamaraṇamucyate |
aśuddhānāmamuktānāmadāntamaraṇaṃ ||
tataścutikāle’kuśalakarmakāriṇāṃ tāvadūrdhvabhāgādvijñāna[6]māśrayaṃ{3 Tib. lit. deham (lus). So below.} muñcati |
urdhvabhāgo{4 MS bhagam.}vāsya śītībhavati | sa punastāvanmuñcati yāvaddhṛdayapradeśaṃ || sukṛta-
kāriṇāṃ punaradhobhāgādvijñānamāśrayaṃ muñcati | adhobhāgaścāsya śītibhavati 
tāvadyāvaddhṛdayapradeśaṃ | hṛdayadeśācca vijñānasya cyuti[7]rveditavyā | tata: kṛtsna
evāśraya: śītībhavati ||
anantara{5 It is omitted in Tib.}samutpannatvācca tasyātmabhāvasnehasya pūrvaprapañcābhiratihetuparibhāvi-
tatvācca śubhāśubhakarmaparibhāvitatvācca tasyāśrayasya taddhetudvayamadhipatiṃ kṛtvā 
@019
svabījādantarā{1 For antarabhava see Poussin, Kosa, iii 10-15, 40; iv 53; vi. 34.}[Tib. 11a. 1] bhavasya taddeśanirantarasya prādurbhāvo bhavati |
tulyakālanirodhotpādayogena{2 For yogena Tib. lit. nayena or nyayena (tshul. gyis).} tulāgraprānta{3 In Tib. ^pranta- is omitted.}nāmonnāmavat{4 See MV, pp. 544-5; Kosa, iii. 51.} ||
sa punarantarābhava: sakalendriya:{5 AK. III. 14.} | duṣkṛtakarmakāriṇāṃ punarantarābhavastadyathā
kṛṣṇasya kutapasya{6 It is a sort of blanket (made of the hair of the mountain
goat).- M. M. William’s Skt. Eng. Dictionary. For this word Tib.
has phyar. ba which may mean here a flag according to the Tib.
Eng. Dictionary of S.C. Das. This is however doubtful. Comparing
the meaning of the Tib. word snam below, for Skt. vastra. `cloth’ it
appears that kutapa means here kambala `blanket’. as Tib. snam is 
used in this sense. e.g. snam. dkar. po is sukla kambala `white 
blanket’.} nirbhāso{7 Tib. snan. ba; MS nirhrasah. It is also below.}[2]’ndhakāratamisrāyā vā rātryā: | sukṛtakāriṇāṃ 
punastadyathāvadātasya{8 Tib. dkar. po; MS apavadasya.}vastrasya nirbhāsa:{9 Tib. snam. bu. dkar. po. Generally snam. bu is a 'woolen
cloth.'} sajyotsnāyā vā rātryā: | sa ca 
{10 Tib. adds-ati. (sin. tu).}viśuddhasya divyasya cakṣuṣo gocarībhavati |{11 Tib. adds vijnananavasthanat (rnam. par. ses. pahi. mi. gnas.
pahi. phyir).} tasminsamaye sa pūrvaka ātmabhāvā-
bhilāṣo na puna: [3] samudācarati vijñānasya pratiṣiddhatvāt |{12 Tib. omits vijnanasya^ tvat.} viṣayaprapañcābhi-
lāṣastu samudācarati | yatra cānenopapattavyaṃ tadākṛtirevāntarābhavo jāyate |{13 See AK, III. 13.}
tasya ca divyacakṣuriva{14 Tib. lhahi. mig. lta. bur. MS divyasya caksnsah.} cakṣurna vyāhanyate yāvadupapattyāyatanāt |{15 After –ayatana- Tib. reads an adana- (gnas. ma. blans). So below.} gatirapi
na vihanyate yathā ṛddhimato yāvadupapattyāyatanādeva | [4] sa tena cakṣuṣātmasabhā-
@020
gānāntarābhavikān sattvānpaśyati teṣāṃ copapattisthānamātmanaśca | duṣkṛtakarma-
kāriṇāmadhaścakṣurviśudhyate |{1 For visudhyate Tib. reads vyajyate or vikasate (gsal).} avāṅmukhaśca gacchati |{2 See AK. iii. 15: urdhvapadas tu narakah; See Suttanipata, 
248: patanti satta nirayam avansira; Manu, VIII. 94.} [6kha]ūrdhva devagā-
mināṃ | manuṣyagāmināṃ punastiryak ||
sa punarantarābhava:{3 MS has here paramam `at most’ of which nothing is in Tib.} saptāhaṃ tiṣṭhatyasatyupapattipratyayalābhe | sati puna: pratyaya-
lābhe’niyama: |{4 Tib. nes. pa. med. do.} alābhe punaścutvā{5 Tib. lit. deham vismrtya (lus. brjed. nas).}puna: saptāhaṃ tiṣṭhati yāva{6 Not in Tib., MS reads it twice.}tsapta saptāhāni 
tiṣṭhatyupapattipratyayamalabhamāna: | tata ūrdhva [6] mavaśyamupapattipratyayaṃ labhate | tasya 
ca saptāhacyutasya kadācittatraivābhinirvṛttirbhavati | kadācidanyatra visabhāge |
sacetkarmāntarakriyā parivarteta tadantarābhavabījaṃ parivartayati ||
tasya puna: paryāyā [7]antarābhava ityapyucyate maraṇabhavotpattibhavayorantarāle 
prādurbhāvāt | gandharva ityucyate{7 AK. III. 12; Kosa, iii. 36 ff.} gandhena gamanādgandhena puṣṭitaśca | manomaya
ityucyate tanniśritya manasa upapattyāyatanagamanatayā | śarīragatyā ca puna-
rnālambana[Tib. 12a. 1] gatyā | abhinirvṛttirapyucyate upapatterābhimukhyena 
nirvartanatayā ||
sa punarantarābhava ārūpyopapattyāyatanaṃ sthāpayitvā draṣṭavya: ||
sacetpunastenākuśalakarmakāriṇaurabhrikabhūtena vā kokkuṭika[2]bhūtena vā 
saukarikabhūtena{8 Here the first two words aurabhrika and kaukkutika (MVy. 3758, 
3763). according to Tib. mean urabhra-(`a ram or sheep’) ghataka
and kukkuta-ghataka (gsad). ghataka ‘killer’; while saukarika means
a sukaravanij `pig dealer’ (phag. htshon).} vā ityanyatamānyatamasminnasaṃvarikanikāye vyavasthi[4] tena {9 Tib. de ltar. sdoms. pa. ma. yin. pahi. ris gan. yan. run. ba.
gnas. pa. des. After.-tena MS adds tam not supported by Tib.} nara-
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kasaṃvartanīyaṃ pāpakamakuśalaṃ karma kṛtaṃ bhavatyupacitaṃ sa tathābhūtāneva sattvāṃstathā 
karmāṇyupa{1 MS karmana ut^, not supported by Tib.}pattyāyatane paśyati [3] tāṃścorabhrādīnsvapnavat | sa pūrvābhyāsābhiratyā 
tatraivānudhāvati | tasmiṃścopapattisthānarūpe pratihatasyābhavīyate (?){2 So the MS; Tib. suggests: pratihato bhutva so’ntarabhavo
na bhavati (khon. khro. bar. gyur. nas | bar. mdohi. srid. pa. de.
med. par. hgyur. la).} so’ntarā-
bhava upapattibhavaśca nirvartate{3 Tib. hgrub. par. hgyur. ro. MS. nivartate.}tasya | tasmāccyavamānasya yathāpūrvaṃ maraṇabhave vyākulaṃ 
rūpadadarśanaṃ [4] tathaiva bhavati | utpādanirodhayogaśca pūrvavad draṣṭavya: ||
sa tatropapāduka: paripūrṇaṣaḍāyatanaśca jāyate | sa evaṃcitta upasaṃkrānto 
bhavati ebhirahaṃ sārdhaṃ krīḍiṣyāmi ramiṣyāmi paricārayiṣyāmi śilpaṃ 
śikṣiṣyāmīti | [5] sa tatra viparyāsādvividhai: karma kāraṇai: {4 Tib. las. kyi. gnod. pa; acordingly karana does not mean
here a `cause’ but that which causes injury, harm, or pain. cf. karana
`pain’. kara `prison’. See next note.} kāryate {5 Tib. gzir. bar. gyur; literally it suggests aturo or arto bhavati.} | mahā-
paridāhaṃ ca spṛśati | anyathā punastādṛśaṃ darśanaṃ vinā tasya tatra gamanābhilāṣa
eva na syāt | kuta: punargamanam | ato na gacchettataśca nopapadyate || [6]
yathā naraka evaṃ narakasadṛśeṣu preteṣūtpādo draṣṭavya: | {6 A kind of animal and certainly not goiter. Not in Tib.}galagaṇḍādiṣvanyeṣu puna-
stiryakpreteṣu manuṣyeṣu kāmāvacareṣu rūpāvacareṣu ca devanikāyeṣūpa-[7ka]
padyamāna [7] ātmasabhāgānabhipramādamānānsattvānpaśyatyupapattyāyatane | tatastatra
pūrvavadratimabhilāṣaṃ cotpādya gacchati | tatra copapattyāyatane pratihatasya cyutirupa-
pattiśca pūrvavaddraṣṭavyā ||
[garbhāvakrānti:]
tatra[Tib. 12b.] trayāṇāṃ sthānānāṃ sammukhībhāvānmātu: kukṣau garbhasyāva-{7 MS-apa-for-ava}
krāntirbhavati | mātā kalyā bhavati ṛtumatī | mātāpitarau raktau bhavata: sanni-
@022
patitau {1 MS pitaram raktam bhavati^-patitam, See AK. III. 12; Divya-
vadana, p. 440: api tu trayanam sthananam sammukhibhavat putra
jayante duhitaras ca. katamesam trayanam. matapitarau raktau
bhavatah sannipatitau. mata casya kalya bhavati rtumati gandharva-
pratyupsthita bhavati. See also MN, iii. 156; Milindapanha,
p. 123.} | gandharvaśca pratyupasthito bhavati | sacettatra trividho’ntarāyo na bhavati
yonidoṣakṛto bījadoṣakṛta: karmadoṣakṛtaśca | tatra katame yoni[2] doṣā: | sace-
dyonirvātopastabdhā bhavati pittopastabdhā vā tilamadhyā vā śakaṭamukhī vā 
śaṅkhamukhī vā saliṅgā{2 Tib. lit, lingamatra (mtshan. ma tsam).} savaṅkā sadoṣā [3] sakaṣāyetyevaṃ{3 In Tib. sakasaya (snigs. pa. yod or bska. ba yod. or something
like this is omitted here. But for this it reads skal. ba. yod. pa which 
may mean sabhaga.}bhāgīyā yonidoṣā
veditavyā: ||
bījadoṣā: katame |{4 MS gives singular number here.} sacetpituraśuci{5 Here as says Tib. (khu. ba) asuci `impure’ or `impurity’ means,
retas, sukra, 'semen, verile'.}rmucyate na mātu: | māturvā mucyate
na pitu: | tadubhayorvā na mucyate | māturvā pūtiko {6 MS sing. number and neuter gender.} bhavati piturvā tadubhayo-
rvetyevaṃ [4] bhāgīyā bījadoṣā veditavyā: ||
karmadoṣā: katame |{7 MS singular number.} sacenmātrā vā pitrā vā putrasaṃvartanīyaṃ karma na kṛtaṃ bhava-
tyupacitamubhābhyāṃ vā | punastena vā sattvena mātāpitṛsaṃvartanīyaṃ karma na kṛtaṃ 
bhavatyupacitaṃ | tābhyāṃ vā mātāpitṛbhyā[5]manyādṛśaputrasaṃvartanīyaṃ karma kṛtaṃ bhava-
tyupacitaṃ | tena vā sattvenānyādṛśamātāpitṛsaṃvartanīyaṃ karma kṛtaṃ bhavatyupacitaṃ |
maheśākhyasaṃvartanīyamamaheśākhyasavartanīyaṃ vetyevaṃbhāgīyā: karmadoṣā: veditavyā: |
eṣāṃ doṣāṇāmabhāvāttūyāṇāṃ ca sthānānāṃ [6] sammukhībhāvādgarbhasyāvakrānti-
rbhavati ||
@023
so’ntarābhavastha eva sabhāgasattvadarśanakrīḍādyabhilāṣeṇa gantukāmatāmupapādaya–
tyupapattyāyatane | tasya mātāpitṛsambhūte śukraśoṇite{1 Tib. inserts here asaty api (med. kyan).} viparyastaṃ darśanaṃ tadā pravartate |
[7] tatrāyaṃ viparyāsa: | mātaraṃ ca pitaraṃ ca paśyatyanyonyaṃ{2 Not sn Tib.} [7kha] viprati-
padyamānaṃ |{3 For vipratipadyamana (and vipratipatti. below) Tib. nal. po.
byed which means `to practice cohabitation’, Skt. samvasa, Tib. nal.
por (Xyl. bar.) hdod. pa, samvaseccha, below; simply nal. po means
`co-habitation’. Accordingly after Tib. translation vipratipadyamana
of the text means in Sanskrit samvasat ‘co-habitating‘ ; and viprati-
patti is to be taken for samvasa `co-habitation. But this is doubtful.
Instead of viprati.^ one expects here samprati.^} na ca tatra mātāpitrostadā vipratipattirbhavati | sa viparyastabuddhistadā
paśyati māyākṛtametat | tāṃ ca vipratipattiṃ dṛṣṭvā tasya tatra saṃrāga utpadyate |
sacetstrī bhavitukāmo bhavati [Tib. 13a. 1 ] puruṣe saṃrāga: saṃvāsecchotpadyate |
sacetpuruṣo bhavitukāmo bhavati tasya striyāṃ saṃrāga: saṃvāsecchotpadyate | tatasta-
tsamīpaṃ ca gacchati | striyāśca stryapagamanecchotpadyate puruṣasya ca puruṣāpagama-
necchā | [2]tadutpādācca puruṣameva vā kevalaṃ paśyati striyaṃ vā | sa ca yathā yathā 
taṃ deśamupaśliṣyate tathā tathāsya tadanyeṣāmaṅgānāṃ darśanamavahīyate | yonidarśanaṃ 
vā [3] puruṣendriyadarśanaṃ vā kevalaṃ pratyupasthitaṃ bhavati |{4 MS adds here purusasya striya va which is not in Tib.} tatra cāsya pratighātāt{5 Tib. suggests pratighat reading khon. khro. bar. hgyur. nas. MS pratima.} |
tasya cyutirupapattiśca pūrvavadveditavyā ||
[pratisandhi:]
sacedalpapuṇyo bhavati nīceṣu | kuleṣu pratyājāyate tasya cyutikāle praveśa-
kāle [4] ca kolāhalaśabdo naḍavanagahanādipraveśaśca nimittaṃ prādurbhavati ||
sacetsukṛtakarmakārī bhavatyucceṣu{6 MS adds ca.} kuleṣu pratyājāyate | tasya praśāntamadhura-
śabdaprādurbhāva: prāsāda[5] vimānādisthānārohaṇaṃ ca nimittaṃ prādurbhavati ||
@024
tatra saṃraktayormātāpitrostīvrāvasthāgate rāge [‘vasāne]{1 Tib. mjug. kho. na. MS has here a query mark.} śukraṃ mucyate |
tadante cāvaśyamubhayo: [śukra]śoṇitabindu: prādurbhavati | [6] dvayorapi ca 
tau śukra{2 Tib. khu. ba.}śoṇitabindū mātureva yonau miśrībhūtau śaraṃ baddhā tiṣṭhata ekapiṇḍībhūtau 
tadyathā pakvaṃ paya: śītabhāvamāpadyamānaṃ | [tatra]{3 Tib. der.}
sarvabījakaṃ vipākasaṃgṛhīta-
māśrayopādānādālayavijñānaṃ sammūrcchati ||
[7] kathaṃ puna: sammūrcchati | tena saṃjātaśareṇa śukraśoṇitapiṇḍena saha
tadviparyastālambanato’ntarābhavo nirudhyate | tannirodhasamakālaṃ ca tasyaiva sarvabīja-
[ka]sya sāmarthyāttadanyasūkṣmendriya{4 According to Tib. suksma is to be taken with mahabhuta 
(hbyun. ba. chen. po. cha. phra).} [Tib. 13b. 1] mahābhūtavyatimiśro’nya-
statsabhāga: śukraśoṇitapiṇḍo jāyate sendriya: | tasyāṃ cāvasthāyāṃ pratiṣṭhitaṃ 
vijñānaṃ{5 After this MS adds baddhah not supported by Tib.}pratisandhirityucyate | sācāsau kalalāvasthā | tāni ca tasya kala-
lasyendriyamahābhūtāni [2] kāyendriyeṇaiva sahotpadyante | indriyādhiṣṭhānamahā-
bhūtāni ca tairevendriyamahābhūtai: kāyendriyeṇa ca saho{6 MS adds bhutani after saha.}tpadyante | tatastānīndriya-
mahākabhūtānyupādāya cakṣurādīnīndriyāṇi krameṇa[3]niṣpadyante |{7 Tib. adds here dban. pohi. rten. gyi. hbyun. ba. chen. po. de.
dag. kyan. rgyur byas. nas. rim. gyis. dban. pohi. rten. rnams. kyan
hgrub. par. hgyur. ro. It may be put in Skt. thus : tani cendriyadhi-
sthanamahabhutani hetum krtva kramena indriyadhisthanany api
nispadyante.} indriyāṇāṃ 
tadadhiṣṭhānānāṃ ca prādurbhāvātkṛtsna āśrayo niṣpanno bhavati pratilabdha: | tatpuna: 
kalalarūpaṃ taiścitta [4]caitasikairdharmairanyonya [yoga] {8 Tib. grub. pa.}kṣematayā sammūrcchita-
mityucyate | cittavaśena ca tanna pariklidyate | tasya cānugrahopaghātāścittacaita-
sikānāmanugrahopaghāta: | tasmā[5]ttadanyonyayogakṣemamityucyate ||
yatra ca kalaladeśe tadvijñānaṃ sammūrcchitaṃ so’sya bhavati tasminsamaye hṛdaya-
deśa: | evaṃ hi tadvijñānaṃ yasmādeva deśāccyavate tasminneva deśe tatprathamata: 
@025
sammūrchati | tatpuna: sarvabījakaṃ vijñānaṃ [6] parinirvāṇadharmakāṇāṃ paripūrṇabīja-
maparinirvāṇadharmakāṇāṃ punastrividhabodhibījavikalaṃ ||{1 Tib. has here bam. po. gnis. pa. `second section’.} 
yaśca kaścidātmabhāvo’[7] bhinirvartate sarvo’sau sarvātmabhāva{2 In Tib. -atmabhava is omitted.}bījopagato
veditavya: ||
kāmāvacara ātmabhāve rūpārūpyāvacarasyāpyasti bījaṃ | evaṃ rūpāvacare-
[‘pi]{3 Tib. yan.} kāmāvacarārūpyāvacarasya | [Tib. 14a. 1]a [#]rūpyāvacare kāmāva-
cararūpāvacarasya ||
tasmiṃśca puna: kalale vardhamāne samasamaṃ nāmarūpayorvṛddhistadubhayorvistīrṇa-
tarato[2]pagamāt | sā punarvṛddhiryāvadāśrayaparipūrito draṣṭavyā | tatra pṛthivī-
dhātumupādāya{4 Tib. adds an adjective asrayahetu krta. (?) reading lus. kyi.
rgyur. byas. pahi.} rūpaṃ vardhate vistīrṇataratāṃ gacchati | abdhātu: punastadeva [3]
saṃgṛhṇāti | tejodhātustadeva paripācayati |{5 Tib. adds hjig. par. mi. hbyun. bahi. tshul. gyis. brtan. par.
byed. do. It may mean vinasanutpadayogena dradhayati. MS
has here sarikaronya (?) spadnanayogena vayu^.} vāyudhāturaṅgāni vibhajati 
saṃniveśayati | tasyāṃ puna: sarvabījakāyāmātmabhāvābhinirvṛttau śubhā[4]-
śubhakarmahetutve’pi sati prapañcābhiratireva kāraṇaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | kulabalarūpāyu-
rbhogādikasya tu phalasya prādhānyena śubhā[5]śubhaṃ karma kāraṇaṃ ||
tatra cātmabhāve bālānāmahamiti vā mameti vāsmīti vā bhavati | āryāṇāṃ 
punardu:khamityeva bhavati | prakṛtyā ca garbhāvasthāyā{6 Tib. mnal. Xylograph gnas. pa. la. ni; MS. garbhasthayam.}madu:khā[6]sukhavedanā-
pratiṣṭhitaṃ vijñānamupacīyate | saiva ca tatra vedanā vipākasaṃgṛhītā | tadanyattu
sarvaṃ veditaṃ vipākajaṃ vā viṣaya[7] pratyayaṃ vā | tatra sukhadu:khamekadā pratyaya-
saṃmukhībhāva utpadyate | ekadā notpadyate ||
sa ca bījasantānaprabandho’nādikālika: | anādikālikatve’pi [Tib. 14b. 1] 
śubhāśubhakarmaviśeṣaparibhāvanayā puna: [8 kha.] punarvipākaphalapari-
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grahānnavī{1 MS. ^graham vinavi(?)bhavati ; Tib. hdzin. pahi. phyir. sar.
par. hgyur. ro.}bhavati{2 Tib. adds here tad bijam (sa. bon. de).} | prādurbhūte ca phala upayuktaphalaṃ bhavati tadvījaṃ | evaṃ hi
saṃsāraprabandha: pravartate yāvanna pari [2] nirvāti | yāni punastatrādattaphalāni
bījāni tāni kānicidupapadya vedanīyāni bhavanti | kānicidaparaparyāye 
vedanīyāni | kalpa{3 Tib. bskal. pa; MS. avikalpa-}śatasahasrai: sva{4 In the Xylograph read ran.gi for ran.gis.} [3] bījataśca punasteṣāmātmabhāvānāṃ pari- 
pūrirbhavati || 
yadapyanyatphalamutpadyate tadapi svavījādeva | kṣīṇāyuṣaścātra{5 Tib. hdir ; MS. ante.} tadvījaṃ paryupa- 
yuktaphalaṃ bhavati | śeṣāṇāṃ punarātmabhāvānāṃ bījā [4] nyadattaphalatvānnopayukta- 
phalāni bhavanti | yasya ca bījasya tasminnātmabhāve phalaṃ pratisaṃvedyamapi pratyaya- 
vaikalyānna pratisaṃvedyate’niyatavedanīyasya tadapi bījaṃ [5] tadavasthayaivāvatiṣṭhate | 
ata: sarvātmabhāvabījakatvā{6 In the Xylograph read kyi for kyis.}tpratyekaṃ sarvātmabhāvānāmekatra rajyamāna: sarvatra
rakto vaktavya: | ekasmādvirajyamāna: sarvasmādvirakto [6] vaktavya: | teṣu punarātma- 
bhāveṣu yāni bījāni kleśapakṣyāṇi tatra dauṣṭhulyānuśaya{7 Acc. to Tib. it means dausthulya and anusaya-}saṃjñā | yāni ca
punarvipākapakṣyāṇi tadanyā[7]vyākṛtapakṣyāṇi ca teṣu dauṣṭhulyasaṃjñaiva nānu-
śayasaṃjñā | yāni puna: śraddhādikuśaladharmapakṣyāṇi bījāni teṣu naivānuśayasaṃjñā{8 MS-samjnayam.} 
dauṣṭhulya [Tib. 15a. 1]saṃjñā | tathā hi | teṣāmutpādātkarmaṇya{9 Tib. las. su. run. ba.; MS karmanya (plural), so in the 
following line, but not supported by Tib., nor by grammar.} evāśrayo 
bhavati nākarmaṇya: | ataśca sakalamāśrayaṃ dauṣṭhulyopagatatvāddauṣṭhulyasvabhāvā{10 Tib. gnas. nan len. gyi. ran. bzin. yin. pahi. phyir.}- 
ttathā[2]gatā du:khata: prajñāpayanti yaduta saṃskāradu:khatayā || 
bījaparyāya: punardhāturgotraṃ prakṛtirhetu: satkāya: prapañca ā[3]laya upādānaṃ du:khaṃ 
satkāyadṛṣṭyādhiṣṭhānamasmimānādhiṣṭhānaṃ cetyevambhāgīyā: paryāyā veditavyā: ||
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parinirvāṇakāle[4]punarviśuddhānāṃ yogināṃ parivṛttāśrayāṇāṃ{1 Tib. gnas. gyur. pa. rnams. kyi.} sarvakliṣṭadharma-
nirvīja{2 Tib. simply –bija (sa.bon).} āśraya: parivartate | sarvakuśalā{3 Tib. dag. pa, suddha for kusala. Tib. dge. ba.}vyākṛtadharmabījeṣu ca pratyayān{4 Tib. omits it.}
vikalīkaroti | adhyātmapratyayadarśitāṃ{5 For –darsitam Tib. reads –vasitam (dban.ba).} [5] ca pratilabhate ||
[garbhāvasthā] 
sa punargarbho{6 Tib. lit. garbhasthah (mnal. na. gnas. pa.) See below.}’ṣṭatriṃśatā saptāhai: sarvāṅgapratyaṅgopeto bhavati{7 After this MS. has garbhah and Tib. garbhe (mnal. du). The 
reading suggested by Tib. is quite clear : sa punar garbhastho `sta^
bhavati garbhe; but garbhah at the end of MS. can hardly be 
construed.} | tata: paraṃ 
caturaheṇa jāyate | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā garbhāva [6] krānti sūtre | {8 Garbhavakranti sutra is often quoted in Mahayana works.
It deals with constitutive elements of human beings. Nanjio 
1121 ; Ratnakuta, Chap. 14, Nanjio 23,12. In the Majjhima nikaya
it is called dhatuvibhanga Sutta (iii. 231). It constitutes one 
of the sources of the pitaputrasamagama sutra of which there are 
extracts in the siksasamuccaya, p. 244 ; Bodhicaryavatara-panjika, 
IX. 88 ; Madhyamakavatara, p.269. See kosa, i. 49.}  
sa puna: sampūrṇo{9 For sampurnah not clear in MS. Tib. lit, suggests atisampur-
nah (sin. tu. rjogs. par).} bhavati navabhirmāsai: pareṇa{10 Tib. lit. tadatyaye (de. las. hdas. na).} vā punariti | 
aṣṭabhi: punarmāsai: sampūrṇo nottamasampūrṇa: | ṣaḍbhi: saptabhirvā māsairasampūrṇa
eva vikalo vā |{11 Tib. adds iti (zes).}
[7] tasyāṃ puna: ṣaḍāyatanāvasthāyāṃ māturabhyantarajātaudariko{12 Tib. translates it in an explanatory way.} raso 
{13 Tib. tena (des).}yenāsya puṣṭirbhavati | kalalādyāsu puna: sūkṣmatarāsvavasthāsu sūkṣmeṇa rasena puṣṭi- 
[Tib. 15b. 1] rveditavyā ||
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sa ca garbho’ṣṭāvastha: | aṣṭāvasthā:{1 Tib. omits avasthah.} katamā: | kalalāvasthā arbudāvasthā 
peśyavasthā ghanāvasthā praśākhāvasthā [2] keśaromanakhāvasthā indriyāvasthā 
vyañjanāvasthā ca |{2 Here and below Tib. kalah (dus) for avastha.} 
tatra śaropa[9 ka] nibaddhamantardravaṃ kalalaṃ | sāntarbahi: śarībhūtaṃ dadhīyamāna- 
[3] maprāptaṃ ca māṃsāvasthamarbudaṃ | māṃsībhūtaṃ śithilaṃ ca peśī | ghanībhūta- 
māmarśakṣamaṃ ghana:{3 MS ghanam.} | tata eva cādhimāṃsayogenāṅgapratyaṅganimitta [4] prādurbhāva:
praśākhā | tata: keśaromanakhaprādurbhāvastadavasthaiva | tataścakṣurādīnāmindriyā- 
ṇāmabhinirvṛttirindriyāvasthā | tatastadadhiṣṭhānābhivyakti [5] rvyañjanāvasthā{4 The last four are not in Mahavyutpatti, 190. 1.} || 
tata: pūrvakarmavaśānmātrā ca viṣamāparihaṇā{5 MS-pariharana. Tib. which reads here as follows is not quite 
clear : snon. gyi. las. kyi. dban. dan. mas. yan. ba. ma. spans. pa. 
danl yan. pa. ma. spans. las. byun. bahi.} dviṣamāparihārajaiśca garbhe tadanu- 
kūlairvāyubhi: keśavaikṛtyaṃ varṇavaikṛtyaṃ tvag[6]vaikṛtyamaṅgavaikṛtyaṃ ca jāyate || 
kathaṃ keśavaikṛtyaṃ{6 MS. ca, but not in Tib.} jāyate | pūrvaṃ tāvadanena tatsaṃvarṇanīyaṃ{7 ? tatsamvartaniyam ? Tib. suggests tadrsam (de. Ita. bur. hgyur. bahi).} pāpakamakuśalaṃ 
karma kṛtaṃ bhavati | mātā vāsya kṣāralavaṇarasaprāyamannapānaṃ bāhulyena niṣevate yena{8 Tib. tena (des. na). See below where there is tena for yena.} 
[7] manda{9 Tib. nan. MS nanda.} keśaromatā{10 Tib. adds tasya (dehi).}garbhasya bhavati || 
kathaṃ varṇavaikṛtyaṃ bhavati | karma pūrvavaddhetu: | pratyutpanna: pratyayo mātātyuṣṇātapā-
diniṣeviṇī{11 MS nisevani.} bhavati | tenāsya kṛṣṇaśyāma{12 MS. syama for syama ; Tib. sno. bsans. su. does not give any 
appropriate sense.} [Tib. 16a. 1] varṇatā jāyate | 
atiśītalagarbhagṛhaniveśinī vā bhavati | tenāsya śuklavarṇatā bhavati | atyuṣṇā-
bhyavahāriṇī vā punarbhavati | yenāsya lohitavarṇatā jāyate || 
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kathaṃ tvagvaikṛtyaṃ bhavati | karma [2] pūvavattaddhetu:{1 In Tib. tad is omitted.} | vartamāna: pratyayo mātā- 
tyarthaṃ maithunadharmaniṣeviṇī bhavati | yenāsya dadrulatā vā kacchulatā vā kuṣṭhalatā
vā tvagdoṣā jāyante || 
kathamaṅgavaikṛtyaṃ bhavati | karma [3] pūrvavattaddhetu: | vartamāna: pratyayo mātā 
dhāvanaplavanalaṅghanādīnīryāpathānadhyāpadyate{2 Tib. drag. po byed which lit. means uddamam karoti i. e.
makes violently’.} yenāsya viṣamāparihārādaṅgavaikṛtyaṃ 
jāyate indriyavaikalyaṃ vā bhavet || 
[sacet]{3 Tib. gal. te.} punasrī{4 Tib. mo : MS. stri.} bhavati [4] sa pṛṣṭhavaṃśaṃ niśrityora:{5 MS. nihsritya.} saṃpuraskṛtya 
vāme pārśve māturavatiṣṭhate | sacetpumān bhavati sa uro niśritya pṛṣṭhavaṃśaṃ 
saṃpuraskṛtya dakṣiṇe pārśve māturavatiṣṭhate || 
[5] sampūrṇe ca punastasmingarbhe māturadhimātraṃ garbhamasahamānāyā adhyātmabhavā 
vātā:{6 Tib. nan. du. rlun. dag ; MS. adhyatmibhava yatah (?)} prādurbhavanti ye’sya rujaṃ janayanti | tasya ca karmavipākajā [6] upapattyaṃ-
śikā vāyavo jāyante | te{7 MS sa, and adds here evam for which Tib. has tam (de).} garbhamūrdhvapādamavaśiraskaṃ kurvanti | tata: sa garbha: 
kośapariveṣṭita{8 For parivestitah. Tib. yog. bzin. du. which is not clear to me.} eva{9 Not in Tib.} niṣkrāmati | [9 kha] niṣkāmata: puna: sa kośa: [7] 
kukṣau bhavati | yonidvāranirgamasamakālaṃ ca punarjātāvasthetyucyate | sa jāta: 
krameṇaupapatyaśikaṃ ca sparśaṃ spṛśati | tadyathā | cakṣu:saṃsparśa prajñaptiṃ cānu- 
patati{10 For caksuh^ patati Tib. mig. gi. hdus. te. reg. pahi. bar. du. 
reg. par. hgyur ro. For prajnaptim canupatati there is nothing 
in Tib.} yaduta loka[Tib. 16b.1]yātrā{11 Tib. hgig. rten. spyod. But for lokayatra mahavyutputti reads 
hjig. rten. gyi tshul. lam. spyod. pa. MS lohapatra. evidently for 
lokayatra.}vyavahārānuśikṣamāṇatayā | 
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kulaṃ vādhyāvasati |{1 For –vasati MS vasati. kulam^ vasati is not supported by Tib. 
reading hdogs. pa. la. hjug. go. which is not quite clear.} yaduta vṛddheranvayādindriyāṇāṃ{2 For anvayad Tib. suggests hetoh (rgyus). The same phrase 
with the same Tib. rendering occurs also below. See Tib. [6]} paripākāt | karmāṇi 
ca karoti yaduta laukikāni śilpakarmasthānāni | [2] viṣayāṃścopabhuṅkte 
yaduta rūpādīniṣṭāniṣṭān | sa du:khaṃ ca pratisaṃvedayate yaduta pūrvakarmapratyayaṃ vā 
vartamānapratyayaṃ vā | [3] yathā pratyayahāryaśca bhavati yaduta pañcagatigamanapratyayairvā 
nirvāṇagamanapratyayairvā || 
yeṣāṃ ca sattvānāṃ yasminsattvanikāya ātmabhāvasya prādurbhāvo bhavati 
tatra yā sattvasabhāgatā sā teṣāṃ sattvānāṃ caturbhi: pratyayai: pratyayakāryaṃ karoti | 
bījadharmopasaṃhāreṇā[4]hāropacayena rakṣāvidhānena kāyavākkarmābhisaṃskārā- 
nuśikṣaṇatayā ca | tadyathā | mātāpitarau tatprathamata: śukraśoṇitamupasaṃharata: | 
[5] tato jātaṃ viditvā tadupamenāhāreṇa stanyena cāpāyayanti poṣayanti 
saṃvardhayanti | tatastatra [tatra] {3 Tib. de. dan. der.}#nuvicarantamakālacaryāyā{4 Tib. dus. ma. yin. par; MS. akala-} viṣamacaryāyā 
ārakṣāvidhānaṃ kurvanti |{5 Mark the grammatical irregularity in the sentence.} tata: [6] saṃlāpavyavahāramanuśikṣayanti vṛddheranva- 
yādindriyāṇāṃ paripākāt | tepyanyeṣām [anuśikṣayanti]{6 Tib. slob. tu. hjug. ste.} | evamamī sattvā{7 Tib. de. ltar. na. sems. can. hdi. dag. MS samisatva.} 
anādikālaṃ sukhadu:khe pratyanubhavanti | [7] no tu sukhadu:khavyatikrama- 
mavāpnuvanti yāvanna buddhānāṃ bodhimāgamya parato ghoṣānvayādadhyātmaṃ{8 For ghosanvayad Tib. sgra. hi. rgyu. las. byun. ba. dan.} ca 
yoniśo manasi kārādāsravakṣayamanuprāpnuvanti | tadidaṃ sudurbudhaṃ padaṃ yaduta 
[Tib. 17a. 1] 
na me kvacana kaścana kiñcanāsti |{9 Tib. ci. yan. med. do. MS-na masti.} nāpyahaṃ kvacana kasyacitkiñciditi |
evaṃ tāvadādhyātmikānāṃ bhāvānāṃ cyutyupapādo bhavati || 
[saṃvartavivarttau] 
[2] kathaṃ punarbāhyānāṃ bhāvānāṃ saṃvartavivarto bhavati | saṃvartavivartasaṃvartanīyena 
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karmaṇā | sacetsaṃvartasaṃvartanīyaṃ karma pratyupasthitaṃ bhavati tato bāhyena saṃvarta-
pratyayena teṣāṃ [3] saṃvarto bhavati | no tu yathādhyātmikānāmāyu:kṣepāt | 
tatkasya heto: | tathā hi | bāhyabhāvā rūpiṇa audārikāścāturmahābhūtikā 
sthāvarasantatayaśca na tu tathādhyātmikā: | teṣāṃ ca bhājanānāṃ [4] yadvivarta{1 In Xylograph read hchags for chags.}-
saṃvartanīyaṃ karma tanniyataṃ kalpākṣepakaṃ | na tata ūrdhvaṃ nārvāk || 
yatpuna: sattvasaṃṅkhyātaṃ tasya nāsti kālaniyama: | tathā hi | te vicitra- 
karmābhisaṃskārā: | tasmāt [5] teṣāṃ {2 According to Tib. the word para is to be teken here in the 
sense of adhika (lhag. pa). The reading here is as in the MS.}pareṇāpi kalpādbhavati tataścārvāgyāvaddaśa 
saṃvatsarāditi || 
sa puna: saṃvartastrividho{3 Here MS adds yah samvartyanya which seems to be yah 
samvartanyah, and an explanation of threefold samvarta. This rea- 
ding is not in Tib. of samvarta. See AK. III 74-102.} veditavya: | teja:saṃvartanya{4 AK. III. 100a-b : samvartanyah punas tisro bhavanty agny- 
ambuvayubhih. In MS there is samvartanya for samvartani in 
tejahsamvartani, aps amvartani. and vayusamvartani.}vīcimupādāya 
[10 ka] yāvadbrahmalokātsaṃvartate | apsaṃvartanī sakalaṃ dvitīyaṃ [6] 
dhyānaṃ saṃvartate | vāyusaṃvartanī yāvatsakalaṃ tṛtīyaṃ dhyānaṃ saṃvartate | caturthe 
punardhyāne{5 In Tib. yavat^ dhyane is omitted.} teṣāṃ caturthadhyānabhūmikānāṃ devānāṃ sahaiva vimānairutpatti: | sahaiva 
vimānai: pracyutirbhavati | tasmātteṣāṃ nāsti saṃvarto | nāsti saṃvartakāraṇaṃ |
[7] trīṇi saṃvartanīśīrṣāṇi | dvitīyaṃ dhyānaṃ tṛtīyaṃ dhyānaṃ caturthaṃ dhyānaṃ{6 AK III. 100c-d : dhyanatrayam dvitiyadi sirsam tasam yathakramam.} || 
sa punarayaṃ loko viṃśati{7 MS. here and in all the cases below in this section has vimsatir. 
About kalpa see AK. III. 89.}mantarakalpān saṃvartate{8 Here MS evidently by mistake adds vimsatir antarakalpan 
vartate.} | viṃśatimantarakalpān 
saṃvṛttastiṣṭhati | viśatimantarakalpānvivartate | [Tib. 17b. 1] viṃśati- 
mantarakalpān vivṛttastiṣṭhati | te bhavantyaśītirantarakalpā: | sa eca mahā- 
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kalpa: saṃkhyāprajñaptita:{1 In Tib samkhyapra^ is omitted.} | tatra brahmaloke kalpamāyu: | sa ca sarvapaścātsaṃvartate | 
sarvaprathamaṃ puna: sa eva vivartate || 
tasya ca kalpasyā[2]nyathā vyavasthānaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | brahmakāyikānāṃ viṃśati- 
rantarakalpā: kalpa iti kṛtvāyuṣo{2 Tib adds here mana- (tshad). so also in the following two
sentences.} vyavasthānaṃ | brahmapurohitānāṃ catvāriśa- 
dantarakalpā: kalpa iti kṛtvā [yuṣo vyavasthānaṃ] {3 Tib. tshehi. tshad. du. rnam. par. bzag. go.} [3] | mahābrahmaṇāṃ ṣaṣṭirantara- 
kalpā: kalpa iti kṛtvāyuṣo vyavasthānaṃ || 
teja:saṃvartanī katamā bhavati | sa samayo yadāparimitāyuṣa: sattvā āyuṣā 
hīyamānā yāvadaśītivarṣasahasrāyuṣo bhavanti | te punarakuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ 
[4] samādānahetorhīyamānā yāvaddaśavarṣāyuṣo bhavanti | te puna: saṃvega- 
prāptānāṃ kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ samādānahetorāyuṣā vardhamānā: punaryāvadaśīti- 
varṣasahasrāyuṣo bhavantīti yaścāyamapakarṣo{4 Tib. evam (de. ltar) for ayam.} [5] yaścāyamutkarṣasta[dvnayam]{5 Tib. gnis.}
abhisamasyāntarakalpa ityucyate | saṃkhyāvyavasthānata: | tasya{6 Tib. omits samkhyavyava^. Cf. P. 31, note 8.} punarantara- 
kalpasya tribhirniyāṇaṃ bhavati durbhikṣeṇa rogeṇa śastreṇa ca{7 See AK, III. 99a-b : kalpasya sastrarogabhyam durbhiksena 
ca nirgamah. Anguttara Nikaya, I. 160.} | tatpunardubhikṣaṃ 
yadā triṃśadvarṣāyuṣo manuṣyā bhavanti{8 MS adds here tada prajnayate.} | evaṃrūpaṃ ca puna: puna: prajñāyate{9 Tib. bhavati (byun or hbyun. bar. hgyur) for prajnayate.} 
[6] yajjīrṇāsthyapi kvāthayitvā{10 Tib. kvathayitva kvathayitva (bskol. zin. bskol. zin).} yātrāṃ kalpayati | yacca tatra{11 Tib. adds here sate (brgya. la)} kadācit 
kathañcidyavakalaṃ{12 So in the following two words, too, evidently for kanam
`grain’, Tib. hbru.} vā taṇḍulakalaṃ vā kola{13 So in MS. Here kola may mean `black pepper’ (marica ?).} kulatthatilakalaṃ vādhigacchati taṃ{14 MS. sa.} 
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maṇiratnamiva samudre prakṣipya vikarṣati{1 Tib. raksati (bsrun. bar. byed. do).} | [7] te ca sattvā yadbhūyasā nisthāmā:{2 So the MS. for nihsthamanah.} 
pṛthivyāmuttānakā nipatitā utthātumapi na śaknuvanti | evaṃrūpeṇa durbhikṣeṇa 
yadbhūyasā sattvā: kālaṃ kurvanti || 
tatpunadurbhikṣaṃ paraṃ saptavarṣāṇi saptamāsānsaptāhorātrāṇi bhavati{3 But cf. AK. III. 99c-d : divasan sapta masamsca varsani ca yathakramam.} | 
[Tib. 18a. 1] tata: pareṇa niryātaṃ vaktavyaṃ |{4 MS here and below niryato vaktavyah; Tib. thal. zes. byaho. 
For niryana generally we have nes. par. hbyun in Tib.} te ca sattvā: saṅgamya samā- 
[10 kha] gamya mṛdukaṃ saṃvegaṃ labhante | teṣāṃ tena hetunā tena pratyayenāyuṣaścā- 
hāni{5 MS. ^sca vihanir ; Tib. tshe. hgrub. par. mi. hgyur. la. See 
note 7.}rbhavati durbhikṣasya ca vyāvṛtti: || 
yadā punarviśativarṣāyuṣo manuṣyā bhavanti tasyaiva{6 Tib. de. nid. See next paragraph and note 8.} saṃvegasya [2] puna 
rvigamāddhīyamānāstadā bahava ītaya upadravā upāyāsā bhavanti | te vyādhi- 
bahulā{7 Tib. nad. man. pos. MS ^vihvalah} yadbhūyasā kālaṃ kurvanti | sa punasteṣāṃ roga: {8 See note 1.}paraṃ saptamāsānsapta 
cāhorātrāṇi bhavati | [3] tata: pareṇa niryāto vaktavya:{9 Tib. adds de. ltar. thogs. na.} | tataste 
sattvā madhyasaṃvegā: | tena hetunā tena pratyayena punarāyuṣā [na]{10 Tib. tshe. hgrib. par. ma. hgyur. la.} hīyante | te 
ca rogā na pravartante || 
yadā punarmanuṣyā daśavarṣāyuṣo bhavanti | tasyaiva saṃvegasya vigamādāyuṣā{11 Tib. skyo. ba. de. nid. med. par. gyur. pas. MS. ^sya punar 
vasam adayusa. See note 3.} 
hīyamānā[4]stadā teṣāmanyonyaṃ sattvaṃ dṛṣṭvā {12 Tib. seems lit. to read tesam sattvanam anyonyadarsane 
(sems. can. de. dag. gcig. gis. gcig. mthon. na).}tīvraṃ vadhakacittaṃ pratyupasthitaṃ 
bhavati | tataste yadeva tṛṇaṃ vā śarkarāṃ vā kaṭhallaṃ vā gṛhṇanti tāni 
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bhavanti tīkṣṇāni śastrāṇi suniśitāni | [5] yaiste{1 Tib. tais (de. dag. gis).}’nyonyaṃ vipraghātikāṃ 
kurvanti | tacca{2 Tib. de. yan.} paraṃ saptadivasāni bhavanti | tata: pareṇa niryāto 
vaktavya: || 
teṣāṃ ca sattvānāṃ tadā paramāstisro vipattayo bhavanti | tadyathā | 
āyurvipatti[6]rāśrayavipattirupakaraṇavipattiśca | tatrāyurvipatti: paraṃ daśa- 
varṣāṇi | tatrāśrayavipatti: paraṃ vitastirmuṣṭiścāśrayasya parimāṇaṃ bhavati |
tatropakaraṇavipatti: | kodravo{3 MS neuter, and so agryam for agro. For Skt. kodrava Tib. 
tshi. tshe (Mahavyutpatti. 5670). but our text reads khre. rgod, for 
Skt. priyangu `millet.'}bhojanānāṃ magryo bhavati | keśakambalo vastrā- 
ṇāmagryo bhavati | śastramalaṅkārāṇāmagryaṃ bhavati | pañcarasā: sarveṇa sarvamanta- 
rdhīyante | sarpīraso{4 MS. sarpirasah.} madhurasastailarasa ikṣuvikāraraso lavaṇarasaśca | tataste 
sattvā: {5 Tib. adds here jnana (ses).}adhimātrasaṃvegā | [Tib. 18b. 1] na puna: saṃvegātparihīyante | 
tāṃścāyuṣa: parihāṇīyānakuśalāndharmātparihāyāyurvīrya{6 Tib. tse. nur. bar (?)}kārakānkuśalāndharmā- 
nsamādāya{7 Tib. yan. dag. par. blans. te ; MS pari^ ya.}vartante | anyonyaṃ saṅgamya samāgamya punarapyāyuṣā[2] vardhante | 
varṇena [balena]{8 Tib. adds stobs. dan.}sukhenaiśvaryādhipatyena [ca]{9 Tib. dan.}vardhante | yāvadaśītivarṣasahasrā- 
yuṣo bhavanti |{10 AK. III. 92 : utkarsa ekas te’sitisahasrad yavad ayusah.} 
evaṃ viṃśatirapakarṣā viśatirutkarṣā: | cattvāriṃśadapakarṣoktarṣā yadā 
niryātā bhavanti tadā sarva [3] paścima utkarṣe narakebhya: sattvāścyavante{11 Here after na Tib. has punar (phyir).}
nopapadyante | sakalacyutau ca teṣāṃ saṃvṛtto loko vaktavyo yaduta narakasaṃvartanyā | 
yathā narakasaṃvartanyaivaṃ [4] tiryaksaṃvartanyā pretasaṃvartanyā || 
manuṣyeṣu punaranyatama: sattvo dharmatāpratilambhiko{12 Tib. chos. nid. kyis. thob. pahi. bsam. gtan meaning 
dharmataya labdhasamapattikah.} yāvaddvitīyaṃ dhyāna-
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mupasampadya viharati | tasyānu[5] śikṣamāṇā anye’pi sattvā dharmatāprati- 
lambhikā yāvadvitīya [.] dhyānamupasampadya viharanti | ta itaścyutā ābhāsvare 
devanikāya upapadyante | tadā cāyaṃ loka: saṃvṛtto vaktavyo yaduta manuṣya- 
saṃvartanyā | yathā ca manuṣyasaṃvartanyā [6] evaṃ devasaṃvartanyā || 
yadā ca pañcagatike lokasanniveśa eko’pi sattvo na prajñāyate{1 Tib. na vidyate (med. par. gyur. pa). so in the following cases.} tadopakaraṇa- 
sambhavo’pi na prajñāyate | yadopakaraṇasambhavo’pi na prajñāyate tadā 
vṛṣṭirapi na prajñāyate | [7] deve khalvavarṣati ye’syāṃ mahāpṛthivyāṃ tṛṇauṣadhi- 
vanaspatayasta ucchuṣyante | idameva ca sūryamaṇḍalaṃ santāpakataraṃ{2 Tib rab. tu. sas. cher. sreg. par. byed. do.} bhavatyakāla- 
vṛṣṭiparigṛhītaṃ |{3 For this Tib. avagrahena.} ṣaṭprakāradāhya{4 Tib. bsreg. par. bya. ba ; MS bahya-}vastvadhikāra{5 Tib. –sadbhavatas (yod. pahi. phyir) for adhi^.}taścā[Tib. 19a. 1]pareṣā{6 Tib. adds here sannam.} sūrya- 
maṇḍalānāṃ prādurbhāvo [11 ka] bhavati yaduta sattvānāmeva saṃvartanīkarmādhi-
patyata: | tāni puna: sūryamaṇḍalānyasmātsūryamaṇḍalāccaturguṇasaṃtāpāni [2]prabhā- 
vata:{7 Omitted in Tib.} | te puna: sapta bhūtvā sapta guṇaṃ tāpayanti | 
ṣaḍvastūni katamāni | ku..(?) mahā...drā(?){8 MS illegible. Tib. lten. ka. chun. nu. dan. lten. ka. chen. po.
The word lten. ka chun. nu means `a small pool or pond’ (Skt. billa,
also written villa from which there is bila, `pit,’ Cf. Uruvela, Uru- 
vilva, a town in Magadha and lten ka. chen. po means the same thing 
bigger (maha). The exact Skt. words could not be ascertained.} yeṣāṃ dvitīyena sūrya- 
maṇḍalena śoṣa: | kunadyo [3] mahānadyo yāsāṃ tṛtīyena sūryamaṇḍalena śoṣa: | 
anavataptaṃ mahāsaro yasya caturthena sūryamaṇḍalena śoṣa: | mahāsamudro’sya 
pañcamena sūryamaṇḍalenaśoṣa: | ṣaṣṭhasya caikadeśena [4] śoṣa: | sumerurmahāpṛthivī ca 
yayo:{9 MS yasya. Tib. simply de. ni.} ṣaṣṭhenaiva saptamena ca sūryamaṇḍalena sārataravigrahatayā dāha: | tata{10 Tib. adds here tasya (de. nid. kyi).} 
eva cārcirvāyunā preritā yāvadbrahmalokaṃ dahantī paraiti || 
[5] tānyetāni bhavanti punastrīṇi vastūni | apsambhavaṃ vastu tṛṇādayo 
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yeṣāṃ prathamenaiva śoṣa: | tadevābvastu{1 MS tad evavastu. Tib. lit. tad evab vastu (chuhi. dnos. po.
de. dag).} yasyāparai: pañcabhi: śoṣa: | sthāvaraṃ 
sāravigrahaṃ [6] vastu yasya dvābhyāṃ dāha: ||
tasya khalu lokasanniveśasyaivaṃ dagdhasya dhmātasya{2 Not in Tib.} yathāsūtrameva vistareṇa 
masirapi na prajñāyate chārikāpi na prajñāyate |{3 From masir api to prajnayate Tib. differs a little reading 
dud. pa. med. pahi. thal. bahi. thag. ma. yan. med. par. hgyur. to.} iyatā loka: saṃvṛtto bhavati 
yaduta bhājanasaṃvartanyā | viśatiścāntarakalpā ativṛttā: | tathā saṃvṛttaśca 
loko viṃśatyantarakalpāṃstiṣṭhati || 
apsaṃvartanī katamā | yataśca sapta teja:saṃvartanya: samatikrāntā bhavanti 
[19b. 1] tato dvitīye dhyāne sahajo{4 Not in Tib. See below.}’bdhātu: sambhavati yastaṃ bhājanalokaṃ 
lavaṇamivābdhāturvilopayati | sa cābdhātustenaiva bhājanalokena sahāntardhīyate | 
antarhitaśca punastathaiva viṃśati{5 MS ^tirantara^, also below.}mantarakalpāṃstiṣṭhati || 
vāyusaṃvartanī katamā | yataśca saptāpsaṃvartanyo’tivṛttā bhavanti tata: 
punarekā teja:saṃvartanī bhavati | tadanantaraṃ tṛtīye dhyāne sahajo vāyudhātu: 
sambhavati | yastaṃ bhājanalokaṃ vāyunevāṅgaṃ śoṣayannantardhāpayati | sa ca vāyu- 
stenaiva sahāntardhīyate | tathā hi dṛśyate | ekatyasya vāyudhātau prakupite 
yāvadasthyapi kārśyamāpadyate | saṃvṛttaśca tathaiva [4] viṃśāta{6 MS ^rantara^. See note 5.}mantarakalpāṃ-
stiṣṭhati || 
evaṃ hi lokasya saṃvarto bhavati || 
[vivarta:] 
vivarta: katama: | teṣāmeva viṃśatīnāmantarakalpānāmatyayātpunarvivarta- 
karmādhipatyātsattvānāṃ vivartakalpasamā[5]rambho veditavya: | tatra {7 Tib. omits tat-}tatprathamata
ākāśe tṛtīyaṃ dyānaṃ vivartate | yaduta bhājanavivṛttyā | yathā tṛtīyaṃ dhyāna- 
mevaṃ dvitīyaṃ | evaṃ prathamaṃ | tatra tṛtīyātsaṃvartaśīrṣātsattvā [6] āyu:- 
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kṣayātpuṇyakṣayāccyutvā tṛtīye dhyāna upapadyante | evaṃ sarvatra{1 Tib. adds in these three cases yojayitavyam (sbyar. bar. byaho).} | evaṃ 

dvītīyātsaṃvartanīśīrṣādditīye [7] dhyāne{1 Tib. adds in these three cases yojayitavyam (sbyar. bar. 
byaho).} | evaṃ sarvatra {1 Tib. adds in these three cases yojayitavyam (sbyar. bar. byaho).} ||
prathamātpuna: saṃvartanīśīrṣādanyatama: sattva āyu:kṣayādyāva[11 kha]tpuṇya- 
kṣayāccyutvā prathamadhyāna upapadyate | yadutabrahmaloke | sa [Tib. 20a. 1] tatra 
bhavati brahmā mahābrahmā | tasyaikākina utkaṇṭhotpadyate | arati: sañjāyate | 
aho vatānyepi sattvā ihopapadyeran | tasya ca cittābhisaṃskārā [2] danye’pi 
sattvā āyu:{2 Tib. tshe. zad; MS tapah^.}kṣayādyāvatpuṇyakṣayād [dvitīyād]{3 Tib. gnis. pa.} dhyānāccyuttvā prathama eva 
dhyāna upapadyante{4 MS adds here tasya sabhagatayam.} | evametāni trīṇi dhyānāni vivṛttāni [3] bhavanti | 
yaduta sattvavivartanyāpi | tataścaturṇāṃ kāmāvacarāṇāṃ devanikāyānāmākāśe 
vimānāni prādurbhavanti | sarveṣāṃ ca teṣāmākāśavimānānāṃ nirmāṇavatsambhavo 
[4] draṣṭavya: | teṣu cābhāsvarāddevanikāyātsattvāścyutvopapadyante pūrvavat | 
tata: paścādiha trisāhasramahāsāhasra [lokadhātu] {5 Tib. hjig. rten. gyi. khams. kyi. See here A K, III. 73-75.}pramāṇaṃ vāyumaṇḍala-
[5]mabhinirvartate trisāhasramahāsāhasrasya [lokasya] {6 Tib. hjig. rten. dan.} pratiṣṭhābhūtamavai- 
mānikānāṃ sattvānāṃ [ca] {7 hog. gzir. gnas. pa. dan.} | tatpunardvividham | uttānaśayaṃ pārśvaśayaṃ ca | {8 The MS is corrupt here. Tib. is also not quite legible. It 
appears to read des. chu. de. dag. thad. kar. yan. mi. hbol. lhur. du. yan. mi. hdzag. go.}
yena tāsāmaraṃ tiryagvimāna: [6] adhaścāyatanaṃ{9 From tasamaram the text as not clear.} (?) | tatastasyopari tatkarmādhi- 
patyena kāñcanagarbhā meghā: sambhavanti | yato vṛṣṭi: sañjāyate | tāścāpo 
vāyumaṇḍale santiṣṭhante | tato vāyava: [7] sambhūyāpa:{10 Tib. omits apah.} saṃmūrchayanti{11 MS wrongly samkarchayanti ; also below Tib. rightly hthas.
pa. dan. sra. ba. byed. de.} kaṭhinī-
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kurvanti | sā bhavati kāñcanamayī pṛthivyūrdhvañcādhaścodakavimarda{1 MS. ^vimarsya^ (?). Tib. hkhrug (ksubh `to be agitated’). 
for vimarsya (?).} kṣamatvāt ||
tasyāṃ vivṛttāyāṃ punastasyopari{2 Evidently for tasya upari.} tatkarmādhipatyādeva nānādhātugarbho megha: 
sambhavati | yato [Tib. 20b. 1] vṛṣṭi: sañjāyate | tāścāpa: kāñcanamayyāṃ 
pṛthivyāṃ santiṣṭhante | tathaiva ca punarvāyava: saṃmūrchayāṃnta kaṭhinīkurvanti | tatra 
ca ya: śubho’gra: śreṣṭha: praṇīto dhātustato vāyusaṃhāra [2] vaśena sumeru: sañjāyate 
catūratnamaya: suvarṇamayo rūpyamaya: sphaṭikamayo vaidūryamaya: || 
ya: punastatra madhyo dhātustasmātsapta kāñcanaparvatā abhinirvartante | tadyathā 
[3] yugandharo vinatako ‘śvakarṇagiri: sudarśana: khadiraka īṣādharo 
nimindharaśca |{3 See AK. III. 48-49.} te punaranuparipāṭikayā sumeruṃ parivārya sthitā: || 
sumero: puna: parimāṇamaśīti | yojanasahasrā[4]ṇyucchrāyeṇa tathā 
vistāreṇa | aśītirevāpsu nimagna: | tasya cārdhena pramāṇena yugandhara: | 
tata uttarottarārdhapramāṇatayā tadanyeṣāṃ kāñcanaparvatānāṃ vinatakādīnāṃ ni- 
mindharaparyavasānānāṃ [5] pramāṇaṃ veditavyaṃ | teṣāmeva ca parvatānāṃ yāni 
kūṭāni tatprakāraprabhedasādharmyeṇa teṣāmapi{4 MS tepi.} tāni nāmāni draṣṭavyāni || 
hīnātpunardhātoścaturṣu sumerupārśveṣu bahi: kāñcanaparvatānāṃ catvāro 
dvīpā antardvīpāścāṣṭau cakravāḍaśca parvato nimindharasya parvatasyārdhapramā- 
ṇena | tena ca cāturdvīpikaṃ{5 Here caturdvipika is jambu, purva-videha, avaragodaniya 
and Uttarakuru. See AK, III. 73.} cakrīkṛtaṃ | {6 Tib. des. glin. bzi. pa. hkhor. lo. bzin. du. bskor. to.} asurabhavanāni cādhastāt 
sumerorudaka{7 MS rdvaka (?), Tib. chu. The last part of the sentence in Tib. 
runs thus: ri. rab. chuhi. hog. tu. nub. pahi nan. na. yod. do.} sannihitāni | himavāṃśca parvato’navataptasya sarasa: sāmantena |
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tataścādhastā [7] daṣṭau narakasthānāni | mahānarakāṇāṃ pratyekanarakāṇāṃ ca | 
narakāṇāṃ sāmanta{1 For this Tib. reads nen. kar, gyi which means sambandhin, `a relative.’} [12 ka] narakāṇāṃ ca | ekatyānāṃ ca tiraścāṃ pretānāṃ ||
[Tib. 21a. 1] te punaścatvāro dvīpā: | tadyathā jambūdvīpo pūrvavideho 
‘varagodānīya uttarakuruśca | tatra jambūdvīpa: śakaṭākāra: | ardhacandrākāra: 
pūrvavideha: | parimaṇḍalo godānīya: | [2] caturaśraścottarakuru: || {2 AK. III. 53-55.}
ardhasaptamāni yojanasahasrāṇi parimāṇena jambūdvīpa: | saptayojana- 
sahasrāṇi parimāṇena pūrvavideha: | ardhāṣṭamāni yojanasahasrāṇi pari- 
māṇenāvaragodānīya: | aṣṭau [3] yojanasahasrāṇi parimāṇenottarakuru: || {3 Cf. AK. III. 53 ff.} 
teṣāṃ puna: saptānāṃ kāñcanaparvatānāmantarāle yadudakaṃ tadaṣṭāṅgopetaṃ | sa 
cābhyantara: samudra: | tatra nāgānāṃ bhavanāni || 
aṣṭāvime nāgā: kalpasthā dharaṇindharā: | nanda [4] upanando 
‘śvataro mucilindo{4 Among the 82 names of nagarajas in the mahavyutpatti 
(CLXVIII) it is not read.} manasvī dhṛtarāṣṭro mahākāla{5 So in Tib. reading nag. po. chen. po; but in MS (=mahā-
vyutpatti, loc. cit. (25) simply kalah. MS mahakara.} elapatraśca || {6 MS simply Elah. loc. cit (37). Tib. adds here : te’ pi deven- 
drasya sakrasya balam (de. dag. kyan lhahi dbyn. po. bragya.
byin. gyi. dpun. yin. te). It is however found in Sanskrit text with 
slight variations.}
te devāsuraṃ [5] saṃgrāmamanubhavantyapi pratyanubhavantyapi || 
śakrasya devendrasya balaṃ catvāri{7 Tib. caturvidhani (rnam. pa. bzi).} nāgakulāni | aṇḍajo nāgo jarāyuja:
saṃsvedaja aupapādukaśca | catvāra:{8 Not in Tib.} [6] suparṇina: | aṇḍajo jarāyuja: saṃsvedaja 
aupapādukaśca || 
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tasmāccābhyantarātsamudrādyadbāhyamudakaṃ sa bāhya: samudra: | tasya ca 
sumerormūlata{1 Tib. lit. nikate (drun. na). `The word pasisanda means a parti- 
cular part of a house. It is taken here in the secondary sense.}ścatastra: pariṣaṇḍā: | [7] prathamā pariṣaṇḍā ṣoḍaśayojanasahasra-
parimāṇā sumerornirgatā | tasyārdhārdha:{2 MS ardhardhau.} śeṣāṇāṃ parimāṇaṃ yathākramaṃ{3 Tib adds yojyate(sbyar).} | prathamāyāṃ
karoṭapāṇayo dvitīyāyāṃ rudhirapāṇaya[Tib. 21b. 1] stṛtīyāyāṃ sadāmadā{4 MS –mattah for –madah.}
ścaturthyāṃ mālādharā: |{5 AK. III. 64 : karotapanayas tatra maladharah sadamadali.} uparimerutale{6 Tib. lit. Sumeru- (ri. rab)} caturṣu koṇeṣu catvāra:{7 MS catasrah.} kūṭā: 
pañcayojanaśatocchrāyā: | teṣu vajrapāṇayo yakṣā: prativasanti ||{8 AK. III. 65 : vidiksu kutas catvara usita vajrapanibhih.} 
[2] yugandharasya ca caturṣu pārśveṣu mahārājānāṃ rājadhānya: | pūrva- 
paścimadakṣiṇottareṣu yathākramaṃ dhṛtarāṣṭravirūḍhakavirūpākṣavaiśravaṇānāṃ{9 MS vaisramananam.} | sarveṣu 
[3] kāñcanaparvateṣu teṣāṃ mahārājānāṃ grāmanigamajanapadā: || 
himavata: parvatarājña:{10 For parvatarajasya.} sāmantakena surapārśvo nāma kāñcanamaya:
prāgbhāra: pañcāśadyojanāyāmastāvadvistāra eva | [4] supratiṣṭhasya nāgarājasya 
so’dhivāsa: | sa ca śakrasya devendrasya saṅgrāmāvacara: | tatra ca supratiṣṭhito 
nāma vṛkṣarāja:{11 Tib. sin. gi. rgyal. po ; MS. omits –raja.} saptatālapaṃktiparivāra: | mandākinī{12 Tib. dal. gyis (Xylograph gyi) hbab. but generally dal. gyis hbab. pa.} ca puṣkariṇī [5] 
{13 Tib. adds before it panca- (lna).}śataparivārā tasyaiva supratiṣṭhitasya krīḍābhūmi: | yatrāsau kāmarūpī 
bhūtvā tasyā: puṣkariṇyā bisamṛṇālānyāvṛhya paribhuṃkte | sa ca pañcahastinī- 
śataparivāra: || 
tasyaiva sāmantakenā [6] navataptaṃ mahāsara: pañcāśadyojanagambhīraṃ pañcāśa- 
dyojanavistāraṃ suvarṇavālukāstṛta[12 kha]maṣṭāṅgopetapānīyasampannamabhirūpaṃ darśa-
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nīyaṃ prāsādikaṃ | yataścatasro mahānadya: sambhedaṃ gacchanti | tadyathā gaṅgā [7] 
sindhu: sītā vakṣuśca{1 The river vaksu is. often read as Vanksu showing prakritism  
found in many texts. It is generally held to be Oxus. see Raghu- 
vamsa. IV. 67 (variants). For these two rivers Vaksu and Sita see 
Poussin's notes, Kosa, iii, 147-148.} |
tasmiṃśca sumerutale devapurī sanniviṣṭā daśayojanasahasraparimāṇā dairdhyeṇa 
vaipulyena ca | anyatra teṣāṃ devānāṃ grāmanigamajanapadā: | tasya sumeroścatvāri 
mukhāni | jambūdvīpādayaścatvāro dvīpā: | [Tib. 22a. 1] te tasya bhavanti 
catvāra: pārśvā: | yo jambūdvīpamukha: pārśva: sa vaidūryamaya: | ya: pūrvavidehamukha: 
sa rūpyamaya: | yo’varagodānīyamukha: [2] sa suvarṇamaya: | ya uttarakurumukha: 
sa sphaṭikamaya:{2 In Tib. avaragodaniyamukha and Uttarakurumukha are 
sphatikamukha and suvarnamukha respectively.} || 
jambūdvīpasya ca sāmantakena cakravartipatha: suvarṇamaya:{3 MS savarna} caturmahārāja- 
kāyikasattva...{4 Both Tib. and Skt. indistinct.}mahāsamudranimagnastiṣṭhati | cakravartirājasya{5 Tib. hkhor los. sgyur. bahi. rgyal. po. MS cakravartinah.} prādurbhāvājjānu- 
mātraṃ mahāsamudrātpānīyaṃ śuṣyati || 
anavataptasya saraso dakṣiṇabhāgena mahājambūryasya nāmnāyaṃ jambūdvīpa: | 
[3] tasyottarabhāgena mahatī kūṭaśalmalī | yatra catvāra:{6 Tib. caturvidhah (rnam. pa. bzi. pa).} suparṇina: prati- 
vasanti || 
teṣāṃ caturṇāṃ dvīpānāmekaikasya dvīpasya{7 Tib. adds one dvau more.} dvāvantaradvīpau | ekaścātra rākṣasa- 
{8 MS raksasi-.}dvīpa: || 
evamabhinirvṛtte bhājanaloka [4] ābhāsvarādvevanikāyātsattvāścyutvehot- 
padyante{9 For generally upapadyante.} | pūrvavadeva [5] prathamakalpasaṃvedanīyena karmaṇā | tacca paramagryaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ 
kāmāvacaraṃ karma | tadaiva ca tasya karmaṇa: phalābhi[6]nirvṛttirnānyadā | te ca 
sattvāstasminsamaye prathamakalpakā ityucyante | te ca bhavanti rūpiṇo manomayā 
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ityanusūtrameva sarva | na ca tasminsamaye gṛhāgāragrāmasanniveśo bhavati | 
[7] samatalā kevalaṃ sarvā mahī bhavati || 
tatasteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ bhūmirasa: prādurbhavati | evaṃ krameṇa parpaṭakaṃ{1 Tib. zag, film (sara).} vanalatā 
akṛṣṭoptaśālirakaṇo{2 For this Tib. sun. phrags. med, but the meaning is not quite 
clear. sun. pa means valkala 'bark’ (tvac).}’tuṣa: | tata: kaṇaśca tuṣaśca taṇḍulaphalaṃ [Tib. 22b. 1] 
paryavanahati |{3 paryavanahyate ? In the Divyavadana (p. 120. 1. 3, p. 125. 1.2) 
parvavanaddha is 'overgrown’.} tata: ṣaṇḍāvaṣaṇḍe (?) tiṣṭhate śāli:{4 Here Tib. appears to read something like dehi hog. tu. sa. lu. 
tha. rtser. skye. bar. hgyur. It is not quite clear.} | tataste sattvāstatparigrahe
sandṛśyante | tatasteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ rasādiparibhogāddaurvarṇyaṃ prādurbhavati | 
prabhāvaścāntardhīyate | yaśca prabhūtataraṃ bhuṅkte [2] sa durvarṇataro bhavati gurukakāya- 
tara: | tata: sattva: sattvamavamanyate | teṣāmakuśalānāṃ dharmānāṃ samudācāra- 
hetoruttarottararasādyantardhānaṃ bhavati | yathāsūtrameva vistareṇa | [3] tato’nyonyaṃ 
cakṣuṣā cakṣurupanidhyāya{5 Tib. tshugs. (? chags. ?) su-} 
prekṣante | tata: saṃrajyante | tata: strīpuruṣa{6 In Tib. one expects to read here skyes.}- 
saṃvartanīyena karmaṇaikatyānāṃ strīndriyaṃ prādurbhavati ekatyānāṃ puruṣendriyaṃ | tato 
vipratipadyete{7 Tib. nal. po. byed which means 'to practise co-habitation’.
Thus the Skt. word has here a new sense.} [4] dvayadvayasamāpattita: | tato vijugupsyante parai: | tatasta- 
nnimittamagārāṇi [13 ka] māpayanti | śāliparigrahanaimittikaṃ ca kṣetrapari- 
grahamapi kurvanti | tatastannaimittikaṃ{8 MS ^ttiki. Tib. lit. tanmulat (dehi. gzi. las).} adattādānamākarṣaṇaparākarṣaṇaṃ{9 ^karsana.} prajñāyate |{10 Tib. jayate (hbyun).} 
tatastannimittaṃ rājānaṃ sthāpayanti niṣeddhāraṃ | [5] sa ca bhavati mahāsamma- 
to | evaṃ tasya ca kṣatriyamaṇḍalasya yathāsūtraṃ brāhmaṇavaiśyaśūdramaṇḍalānāṃ loke 
prādurbhāvo bhavati | 
tasya ca tadāśrayasanniviṣṭasyāvabhāsasyāntardhānā [6] dandhakārasya loke 
prādurbhāvo bhavati | tata: sūryācandramasornakṣatrāṇāṃ ca loke prādurbhāvo bhavati || 
@043
tatra sūryamaṇḍalasya parimāṇamekapañcāśadyojanāni | candramaṇḍasya puna: 
pañcāśat | tatra sūryamaṇḍalaṃ teja:sphaṭikamayaṃ | [7] candramaṇḍalaṃ punarudaka- 
sphaṭikamayaṃ | tayo: punaścandramaṇḍalaṃ śīghrataragati ca veditavyamaniyata- 
gati{1 Tib. tena (des. na),} ca | sūryamaṇḍalaṃ punardvayordvīpayoryugapadālokaṃ karoti dvayoryugapadandha- 
kāraṃ | tatrai [Tib. 23a. 1] katra madhyāhna{2 MS neuter.} ekatrodaya ekatrārdharātryekatrāsta- 
ṅgama: | sarveṣāṃ candrasūryanakṣatragaṇānāṃ sumerorardhena gatisañcāra: | sa puna- 
ryugandharasama:{3 MS sa^ ndharah samah. Tib. de. yan. gnah. sin. hdzin. ni. 
dan. mnam. mo.} | te punaryadā śliṣṭā: sumerorvahanti tadā nidāgha: prajñāyate | 
[2] yadā viśliṣṭā bhavanti tadā hemanta: prajñāyate | tenaiva{4 Tib. simply tena (de. hi. phyir).} ca hetunā 
kṣipramastagamanaṃ veditavyaṃ | candramaṇḍale{5 Tib. reads here yid. tsam. gyis, literally meaning thereby 
manomatrena. But it does not suit.} punarūrdhvamīṣadvaṅkībhavatyardhacandra- 
darśanaṃ | tasya{6 Tib. dehi ; MS saumya.} parabhāgo [3] ‘rvāgbhāgāvṛto na dṛśyate | yathā yathā vaṅkībhavati 
tathā tathā suṣṭhutaraṃ sampūrṇa: saṃdṛśyate | kṛṣṇapakṣe punaryathāyathāvamūrdhībhavati 
tathā tathā hrāsa: saṃdṛśyate | mahāsamudre matsakacchapādīnāṃ prativimba- 
kotpādā [4]nmadhye candramasa: śyāmatā{7 Tib. ri. ri. bon. The first ri seems to be redundant. ri. bon is 
sasa `hare'.} prajñāyate{8 Tib. snan (drsyate)}| nakṣatrāṇāṃ puna: 
parimāṇaṃ parama{9 paramanam ? Tib. nan. gi. tshe. but it does not give the 
sense of the Skt. word.}ṣṭādaśa krośā{10 In Tib. read rgyan. grags for brgyan. grags.} madhyānāṃ daśa krośā: sūkṣmāṇāṃ catvāra: ||
tasmiṃścaturvarṇaprasava{11 Acc. to Tib. it is locative (byun. ba. na).} iṣṭāniṣṭapañcagativedanīyakarmasamārambho [5] bhavati |
tato’nyatama: sattva: saṃkliṣṭenādhipatyasaṃvartanīyena karmaṇā yamo rājotpadyate | 
tasyānantaraṃ narakapālā nirmitopamā [6] utpadyante yātanākāraṇānirva- 
@044
[rtakā]{1 Tib. byed.} lohā{2 MS ^hyadayah. Tib. lohatamradayah (lcags. zans. la. sogs. pa) |}dayo nārakaścāgni: prādurbhavati | tataste yathākarmopagā: 
sattvāstatrotpadyante tadanyāsu ca gatiṣu || 
[7] evaṃ kṛtvā koṭiśataṃ cāturdvīpikānāṃ [13 kha] koṭiśataṃ sumerūṇāṃ koṭi-
śataṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ kāmāvacarāṇāṃ devanikāyānāṃ koṭiśataṃ brahmalokānāṃ trisāhasreṣu 
yugapadvivartate saṃvartate ca | te caite bhavanti trayo lokadhātava: | [Tib. 23b. 1] 
sāhasrikaścūḍika{3 In mahavyutpatti. CLIV, 1 it is sahasracudika.}stadyathā sahasraṃ candrāṇāṃ sahasraṃ sūryāṇāṃ sahasraṃ 
yāvadbrahmalokānāmaikadhyamabhisaṃkṣipya |{4 Tib adds ksudrah (chun. nuho). See AK, III 73-74 :
caturdvipakacandrarkamerukamadivaukasam | 
brahmalokasahasram ca sahasras cudiko matah || 
tat sahasram dvisahasro lokadhatustu madhyamah | 
tat sahasram trisahasrah samasamvartasambhavah || 
For details see kosa, iii. p. 170.} yatkhalu cūḍikānāṃ sahasraṃ sa dvisāhasro 
madhya:{5 Generally it is read as madhyamah.} | yatkhalu madhyānāṃ sahasraṃ [sa] trisāhasro mahāsāhasro lokadhātu: || 
[2] evaṃ pūrvasyāṃ diśi dakṣiṇasyāṃ paścimāyāmūrdhvamadho | nāstyanto nāsti
paryanto lokadhātūnāṃ saṃvartamānānāṃ vivartamānānāṃ ca | tdyathā varṣādhāre deve
varṣati nāsti vīci{6 So in the MS. Tib. chedah (hchad).}rvāntarikā{7 In the sense of antara.} vā vāridhārāṇāṃ prapatantīnāṃ sarvāsu dikṣu 
[3] evameva sarvāsu dikṣu | nāstyanto nāsti ca paryanto lokadhātūnāṃ saṃvarta- 
mānānāṃ ca vivartamānānāṃ ca ||
yaśca trisāhasro mahāsāhasro lokadhāturetāvad{8 Tib. etad (de. ni).} buddhakṣetramityucyate |
yatra{9 Tib. tatra (der).} tathāgatā utpadya buddhakarmāṇi [4] kurvantyaparimāṇeṣu lokadhātuṣu || 
evaṃ ca punarvivṛtte lokasanniveśe pañca gataya: prajñāyante{10 Tib. jayante (hbyun. bar. hgyur. ro).} na[#]rakāstiryañca: 
pratā devā manuṣyāśca | catasro yonayo’ṇḍajā [5] jarāyujā: saṃsvedajā
@045
aupapādukāśca | ṣaḍādhārā: |{1 See p. 46, 1. 6.} daśavidha: kāla: | ṛtu: saṃvatsaro māso- 
‘rdhamāso divaso rātri: kṣaṇastatkṣaṇo{2 Tib. supports it reading dehi. skad. cig.} [6] lavo muhūrtaśca | sapta parigraha-
vastūni{3 AK. II. 287. See below.} | daśa kāyapariṣkārā: | daśa kāmopabhogā: | {4 Tib. lons. spyod ; MS ^pabhoginah.} te punaryathā
madhyame |{5 Tib. lun. bar. ma. las. hbyun. ba, madhyama agame ?} aṣṭāvabhīkṣṇānu{6 Tib. rgyun. mi. hchad. per. rjes. su. spyod, See below. MS. abhaksnatta(?)}vicaritāni | aṣṭau loka [7] dharmā: | lābho-
‘lābho yaśo’yaśo sukhaṃ du:khaṃ nindā praśaṃsā [ca] |{7 Tib dan.} traya: pakṣā: | mitra- 
pakṣo’mitrapakṣa udāsīna{8 Tib. lit itara (tha. mal) evidently in the sense of `other’. The 
Tib. word generally means an ordinary, or vulgar man.}pakṣaśca | trividhā loka{9 Tib. hjig.gyi. tahul. lam. spyod. pa} [Tib. 24a. 1]yātrā |
trividhā kathā |{10 Dharmya, adharmya. tadanya ca. See below:} dvāviṃśatividha: saṃrambha:{11 Tib. nes rtsom.} | catu:ṣaṣṭhi: sattvanikāyā: |
aṣṭāvavasthā:{12 Tib. dus. literally kalah.} | catasro garbhāvakrāntaya: | cattvāra īryāpathā: | ṣaḍvidhā
jīvikā: | ṣaḍvidhā ārakṣā [2] saptavidhaṃ du:kham | saptavidho māna: | saptavidho 
mada: | catvāro vyavahārā: | saṃbahulāni ca vyavahārapadāni{13 For pada Tib. lit, vastu, vastu, adhara or mula (gzi).} || 
narakagati: katamā | bījaphalasaṃgṛhītā [3] nārakā: skandhā yacca 
karma narakavedanīyaṃ | yathā narakagatistiryaggati: pretagatirdevagatirmanuṣyagatiśca yathā- 
yogaṃ draṣṭavyā: | 
aṇḍajā yoni: [4] katamā | ye sattā aṇḍakośamabhipradālya nirgacchanti |
te puna: katame | tadyathā | haṃsakrauñcamayūraśukaśārikāprabhṛtaya: ||
jarayujā yoni: katamā | ye sattvā jarāyu[5]pariveṣṭitā jarāyuṃ bhittvā 
nirgacchanti | te puna: katame{14 Tib. adds tadyatha (hdi. lta. ste).} | hastyaśvagogardabhaprabhṛtaya: || 
@046
saṃsvedajā yoni: katamā | ye sattvā anyatamānyatamaṃ svedamāgamyotpadyante | 
te [6] puna: katame{1 Tib. odds. tad yatha (hdi. lta. ste).} | kṛmikīṭapataṅga{2 For patanga Tib. phyem. lem the meaning of which is not
known to me. What is tilamaraka ? For it Tib. has sin. srin 
meaning in Skt. ghuna `wood-moth’,}tilamārakādaya: || 
aupa[14 ka]pādukā yoni: katamā | ye sattvā: karmādhipatyātparipūrṇa- 
ṣaḍāyatanā jāyante’nyataraṣaḍāyatanā vā | te puna: katame | [7] tadyathā | 
nārakā devā ekatyāśca{3 MS tadekatyas ca.} tiryakpretamanuṣyā: || 
ṣaḍādhārā: katame | pratiṣṭhādhārā: | tadyathādhastādvāyumaṇḍalaṃ [jala]{4 Tib. chuhi.} 
maṇḍalaṃ pṛthivīmaṇḍalaṃ ca | [24b. 1.] adhastātsattvānāmapatanasyaiṣa yoni- 
stasmādādhāra{5 Cf. MS} ityucyate | nilayādhāro dvitīya: | sa punargṛhamaṇḍapādi: |{6 MS madakadayah. Tib. first reads mandapa (khan. khyim). 
then harmya (yan. thog). Cf. the following sentence.} 
parisravebhyo’nupaghātasyaiṣa yoni: | tasmādādhāra ityucyate | te punargṛha-[2]
maṇḍapādayo’bhisaṃskārikā anabhisaṃskārikā vaimānikā nairmāṇikāśca 
samāsata: | subhikṣādhārastṛtīya: |  kavaḍaṅkārasyāhārasyaiṣa yonistasyadādhāra 
ityucyate | kṣemādhāra{7 Tib. bde. ba. ni gzi. MS ksamadharakas.}ścaturtha: | sattvānāṃ [3] śastrādibhiravilaya{8 Tib. ma. run. pa, Skt. vyada in the sense of krura, ksudra 
`mischievous’. Tib. translator seems to have misread vilaya for vyala.}gamanāyaiṣa 
yonistasmādādhāra ityucyate | sūryācandramasau pañcama ādhāra: | rūpāṇāṃ 
darśanāyaiṣa yonistasmādādhāra ityucyate | āhārādhāra: ṣaṣṭha: | te punaścatvāra 
āhārā: | kavaḍaṅkāra āhāra: sparśo [4] mana:sañcetanā vijñānaṃ ca{9 AK. iii. 122. See Majjhima nikaya, I. 261 : cattaro’ me bhikk- 
have ahara bhutanam. poussin's note. kosa, iii. p. 122 : from vya- 
khya : catvara ahara bhutanam sattvanam sthitaye sambhavaisinam
canugrahaya. ktame catvarah. kavalikarahara audarikah suksma sc 
aharah prathamah. sparso dvitiyah manahsamcetana trtiyah vijna- 
nam aharas caturthah.} | kāyasya 
sthitaya upastambhāyaiṣa yonistasmādādhāra ityucyate || 
@047
sapta parigrahavastūni | katamāni | ātmā mātāpitarau{1 MS matapitaram.} putradāraṃ 
dāsīdāsaṃ karmakara [5] pauruṣeyaṃ {2 According to Tib. pauruseya means one who subsists by the wages he earns (zo. ses. htsho. ba), a day labourer.}mitrāmātyajñātisālohitaṃ kṣetravastu gṛhavastu 
āpaṇa(?){3 Tib. zon. dgram. pahi. dnos. po.}vastu puṇyakriyāvastu karmāntaprayogavastūni kośasannidhiśca saptamaṃ 
vastu ||{4 Tib. lit. dhanadis ca (nor. sogs. pahi). For vastu see Poussins kasa, ii. 286-7.} 
daśa ca pariṣkārā: | katame | bhojanaṃ pānaṃ yānaṃ vastramalaṅkāro hāsyagīta- 
nṛtyavāditaṃ gandhamālyavilepanaṃ bhāṇḍopaskara āloka: strīpuruṣaparicaryā ca ||{5 For 27 different pariskaras see mahavyutpatti, 5887-5913.} 
aṣṭāvabhīkṣṇānuvicaritāni [7] | katamāni | yāni loke’bhīkṣṇamanu- 
vicaranti | tadyathā kaupīnapracchādanaṃ kāyaparicaryeryāpathāntarakalpa āhāra: 
svapno maithunaṃ tatpratisaṃyukto vyāyāmastatprati [Tib. 25a. 1] saṃyuktā ca kathā || 
trividhā lokayātrā katamā | tadyathā ālapanasaṃlapanapratisaṃmodanā āvāha- 
vivāhāmantraṇanimantraṇā{6 No sandhi in MS.}bhakṣaṇasaṃbhakṣaṇāni |{7 For sambhaksana Tib. hdus. sin. za. ba. lit. meaning samaja- 
ksetra (or mandala-) bhaksana.} [2] utpannotpanneṣu cādhikaraṇe-
ṣvanyonyasahāyakriyā || 
trividhā kathā katamā | dharmyā’dharmyā tadanyā ca | dharmyā kathā katamā | 
yeyaṃ kathāryābhisaṃlekhikī{8 For abhisamlekhiki Tib. reads yo. byad. bsnuns. pa.} [3] cetovinivaraṇā{9 MS ^varanam sampreyagamini. Tib. reads sgrib. pa. bsal.
bar. hgyur. bahi.}pākaraṇī (?) | vistareṇa 
@048
yathāsūtrameva | adharmyā [katamā]{1 Tib. gan. se. na.} | yā kliṣṭacetasa:{2 In Tib. read sems. kyis for sems. gyis. Accordingly the 
reading will be cetasa.} [piṇḍapātādi-]{3 Tib. kha. zas. la. sogs. MS anadi-.} 
kathā | avyākṛtacetasa:{4 In Tib. read sems. kyi for sems. kyis. Accordingly the reading 
will be cetasa as before and krta (byas. pa.) is to be added here.} [4] punastadanyā kathā{5 Tib. adds iti (zes. byaho). According to it Section III (bam.
po. gsum. pa) ends here.} ||
[14 kha] dvāviṃśatividha: saṃrambha:{6 Tib nes. rtsom, lit. dosarambha.} | katama: | tadyathā kaṃsakūṭatulākūṭa- 
mānakūṭamithyākarmāntaprayogo [5] kalaho bhaṇḍanaṃ vigraho vivāda ākrośanaṃ 
roṣaṇaṃ paribhāṣaṇaṃ tarjanaṃ tāḍanaṃ vadho bandhanaṃ rodhanaṃ chedanaṃ pravāsanaṃ {7 MS adds here ca.} śāṭhyaṃ vañcanaṃ 
nikṛti[6]rmṛṣāvādaśca ||
catu:ṣaṣṭhi: sattvanikāyā: | katame | tadyathā nārakāstiryañca: pretā [devā]{8 Tib. lha. rnams.} 
manuṣyā kṣatriyā brāhmaṇā: vaiśyā: śūdrā: striya: puruṣā: [7] paṇḍakā hīnā 
madhyā: praṇītā gṛhiṇa: pravrajitā: kaṣṭatapaso{9 Tib. dkah. thub. drag. po. can. rnms ; MS tamasah.} [‘kaṣṭatapasa:]{10 According to Tib. dkah. thub. drag. po. can. ma. yin. pa. rnams.} sāṃvarikā 
[Tib. 25b. 1] asāṃvarikā naivasāṃvarikānāsāṃvarikā vītarāgā avītarāgā 
mithyātvarāśiniyatā: samyaktvarāśiniyatā aniyatarāśi [2]niyatā bhikṣavo 
bhikṣuṇya: śikṣamāṇā: śramaṇerā: śrāmaṇerya upāsakā: upāsikā prahāṇikā:{11 Tib. spon. ba. pa. rnams. Literally those who renounce all.} 
svādhyāyakārakā vaiyāvṛtyakarā: [3] sthavirā madhyā navakā ācāryā upādhyāyā: 
sārdhavihāriṇo’ntevāsikā āgantukā:{12 Tib. blo. bur. du. ltags. pa, generally we have hons for ltags.} saṅghavyavahārakā{13 Tib. dge. hdun. gyi. las. byed. pa. rnams. lit. sanghakarmakarakah.} lābhakāmā: sat-
@049
kārakāmā: [4] saṃlikhitā{1 Tib. yo. byed. bsnuns. pa. rnams. In Skt. it may be upaskrta furnished’.} bahuśrutā jñātamahāpuṇyā{2 Tib. mkhas. sin. bsod. nams. dan. ldan. pa. rnams patupunya- 
vantah thus differing a little from the Skt. text.} dharmānudharmapratipannā: 
sūtradharā vinayadharā mātṛkādharā: pṛthagjanā: [5] dṛṣṭasatyā: śaikṣā aśaikṣā: 
śrāvakā: pratyekabuddhā bodhisattvāstathāgatāścakravartinaśca ||
te punaścakravartina ekadvīpikā [6] dvidvīpikāstridvīpikāścaturdvīpikāśca | 
tatraikadvīpikasyāyasaṃ cakraṃ prādurbhavati | dvidvīpikasya tāmramayaṃ [7] tridvīpi- 
kasya rūpyamayaṃ caturdvīpikasya suvarṇamayaṃ || 
aṣṭāvavasthā: | katamā: | tadyathā garbhāvasthā jātāvasthā{3 Omitted here in Tib.} dahnāvasthā kumāra- 
kāvasthā yuvāvasthā madhyā[Tib. 26a. 1]vasthā vṛddhāvasthā jīrṇāvasthā ca | 
tatra garbhāvasthā kalalādaya: | jātāvasthā punastata ūrdhvaṃ | jīrṇāvasthāyā- 
[`] dahrāvasthāyā [`] ca na parisarpaṇakrīḍanasamartho bhavati | kumārā [2] vasthā 
tatsamarthasya | yuvāvasthā kāmopabhogasamarthasyātriṃśatkasya | madhyāvasthā 
pañcāśatkasya | vṛddhāvasthā saptativarṣasya | tata ūrdhvaṃ jīrṇāvasthā || 
catasro garbhāvakrāntaya: | katamā: | tadyathā | [3] samprajāna{4 MS.-nam for-nan, also in the following sentences. Tib. 
clearly supports the present participle form reading bsin. du after 
the verb. such as ses. bsin. du, janan or samprajanan.}npraviśatya- 
samprajānaṃstiṣṭhati niṣkrāmati | samprajānanpraviśati tiṣṭhatyasamprajānanni- 
ṣkāmati | samprajānanpraviśati tiṣṭhati niṣkrāmati | asamprajānanpraviśati tiṣṭhati 
niṣkāmati | tatra prathamā cakra[4]vartina: | dvitīyā pratyekabuddhasya | tṛtīyā 
bodhisattvasya | caturthī tadanyeṣāṃ sattvānāṃ || 
ṣaḍvidhā jīvikā katamā | tadyathā kṛṣirvaṇijyā gorakṣyaṃ{5 Tib. pasupalya (phyugs. pa. so. pa).} rājapauruṣyaṃ [5] 
lipigaṇanā{6 In the sense of ganita, Tib. rtsi.}bhyasana{7 For this Tib. reads sod. rgod. pa. The meaning is not clear.}saṃkhyāmudrā [:] | tadanyāni śilpasthānāni || 
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ṣaḍvidhā rakṣā katamā | tadyathā hastikāyo’śvakāyo rathakāya: pattikāya: 
[6] sannidhi{1 For this Tib. dhanabalam (nor. gyi. stobs) which may also 
mean nidhibalam. Apparently sannidhi here is sat-nidhi.}balaṃ mitrabalaṃ ca || 
saptavidhaṃ du:khaṃ | katamat | jātirjarā vyādhirmaraṇamapriyasaṃyoga: priyavinā- 
bhāva icchāvidhātaśca || 
saptavidho māna: | katama: | [7] māno’timāno mānātimāno{2 Tib. na. rgyal. las. kyan. na. rgyal. See Mahavyutpatti, CIV. 
27. MS manabhimanah.} ‘smimāno- 
‘bhimāna ūnamāno [15 ka] mithyāmānaśca || 
saptavidho mada: [katama:] |{3 Tib. gan. se. na.} ārogyamado yauvanamado [Tib. 26b. 1] 
jīvitamada: kulamado rūpamada aiśvaryamada: śrutamadaśca || 
catvāro vyavahārā: katame | dṛṣṭo vyavahāra: śruto mato{4 For this Tib. vaisesikah. or strictly 
visesakarah (bye. brag. byed. pahi). This is also below.} vijñāto vyavahāra: |{5 Acc. to Tib. ca (dan) is to be added here.} 
[2] dṛṣṭo vyavahāra: katama: | yadanena bahirdhā pratyakṣīkṛtaṃ bhavati cakṣuṣā{6 In Tib. read mig. gis for mig. gi.} 
tadupādāya yatpareṣāṃ vyavaharatyayamucyate dṛṣṭo vyavahāra: || śruto vyavahāra: 
katama: | yatparata: śrutaṃ bhavati tadupādāya yatpareṣāṃ vyavaharati || [3] mato 
vyavahāra: katama: | yadanena na dṛṣṭaṃ bhavati na śrutamapi tu svayameva cintitaṃ 
tulitamupaparīkṣitaṃ tadupādāya yatpareṣāṃ vyavaharati || vijñāto vyavahāra: 
katama: | yadanenādhyātmaṃ prati [4] veditaṃ bhavatyadhigataṃ sparśitaṃ{7 So in MS.} sākṣātkṛtaṃ ca 
bhavati tadupādāya yatpareṣāṃ vyavaharatyayamucyate vijñāto vyavahāra: || 
saṃbahulāni vyavahārapadāni katamāni | tānyeva niruktipadānyapyucya[5]nte | 
prapañcapadānyarthasaṃgrahapadāni ceti paryāyā: | mātṛkevā{8 In Tib. iva is omitted.}kṣarāṇāmetāni sarvārtha- 
saṃgrahāya veditavyāni | tāni punastadyathā bhūmīndriyaviṣayadharma [6]
pudgalasvabhāvaviśeṣā:{9 Acc. to Tib. svabhava and visesa are two different things 
(no. bo. nid. dan bye. brag. rnams. dan).} kriyātmaparabhāvābhāvapṛcchāvisarjanadānādānasamyaktv- 
@051
mithyātvāni anujñāpratiṣedhaguṇadoṣalābhā[7]lābhayaśo’yaśa:sukhadu:khanindāpraśaṃ-
sāsāra{1 Tib. snin. po ; MS nisara-.}varajñāna[pra?]mādālasya{2 Tib. zum. pa. dan/sgyid. lug pa. dan/ MS madalaya(sic).
zum. pa may be taken in the sense of Skt. avasada, and sgyid. lug.
pa in that of alasya, yet, the meaning is not clear,} mātrā{3 Tib. lit. tanmatra (de. tsam. dan).}sahāyasandarśanasamādāpana- [Tib. 27a. 1]samuttejanasaṃpraharṣaṇāni ||
sapta vyapadeśapadāni | tāni puna: sapta vibhaktaya: | puruṣa: puruṣaṃ
puruṣeṇetyādaya: || prajñaptya [2]prajñapti{4 Tib. gdags. pa. med. pa. MS. –ptyajnapti.}saṃjñapti{5 Tib. brda. sprad. pa. We have brda. sprod. pa for vaiyakarana.}nidhyaptivijñaptisthitivyavasthācaya-
[sañcaya]{6 Tib. bsags. pa.}niścayaviniyoga{7 The Xylograph is here indistinct, hence could not be verified.} vismayadi{8 For adi- Tib. reads here thag. ma. Cf. ma. thag. pa. anantara.}madhyaparyavasānāni kuśala{9 Tib. reads kula-(rigs. kyi).}[3]-
saṃjñā [pratijñā]{10 Tib. dam. bcah. ba.}vyavahārānuṣṭhānaparibhogaparyeṣaṇarakṣaṇalajjā{11 Tib. araksana (kun. nas. bsrun. ba).}nu{12 In Tib. read hdsem. pa for hjim. pa.} kampākṣānti-
bhayapratisaṃkhyānāni | mātāpitṛputradārā{13 Tib. omits dara.}daya: sarva{14 Omitted in Tib.}pari [4]graha-
pariṣkārā vaktavyā: | jātirjarā yāvadicchāvighāta: śoka: paridevo
yauvanamārogyaṃ jīvitaṃ{15 In the Tib. text read gson for gsan.} priyasamprayogo’priyavinābhāva icchāsampatti-{16 In Tib. it is one word for sampattih Tib. hbyor. ba, MS
sambhavanti.} 
[5] rvipattirabhikrama:{17 Tib. snon. du. hon. ba. lit. ‘purva-agamana’; MS atikramah} pratikrama ālokitavyavalokita{18 For alokita, acc. to Tib. mdun. du. blta. ba means ‘to see in
the front,’ while vyavalokita, Tib. gyas. gyos. su. blta. ba, means ‘to 
‘see (from the left) to the right side (?).’} samiñjitaprasā-
@052
ritagatasthitaniṣaṇṇaśayitajāgṛtabhāṣitatuṣṇīmbhāvanidrāklama{1 Omitted in Tib. It is nal. in Tib.} prativinodanāni{2 Tib. snam. pa. bsan. ba. rnams.} |
aśitapītasvādita[15 kha]#svāditābhyāsānabhyāsa{3 In Tib. read ma. goms for ma. gams.}pramādāpramādā: | samāsa-
vyāsahānivṛddhivitarkavicāra[6]kleśopakleśaprapañcaniṣprapañcā abaladurbala{4 MS. daurbalya ; Tib. nams. stabs. dan/nam. chun. ba. dan.
Sometimes nams. stobs simply means bala ‘strength,’ it may also
mean balavipanna or vipannabala, i. e. abala, durbala.} sādhya-
sādhanapravṛttiniyama{5 Tib. pratiniyama (so. sor. nes. pa).}yogajava{6 MS java.}kramakāla [Tib. 27b. 1] deśasaṃkhyāsāmagryūasāma-
grīsādṛśyāsādṛśyāni | saṃsṛṣṭasādhāraṇapratyakṣaparokṣacchannaprakāśā: | kārya-
kāraṇavinayalokayātropa [2] karaṇasatyamṛṣāhitāhita{7 Here one word in MS is obscure. Tib. reads here gnas. pa
meaning nisraya, sthiti. etc. MS has pa (?) jja (?). For kautukani MS kautukah.}...āśaṅkākautukāni |
śāradyavaiśāradyavyaktāvyaktabadhavandhanāvarodhanacchedanapravāsanāni | [3] ākrośa-
naroṣaṇatāḍanatarjanaparibhāṣaṇadahanakledanaśoṣaṇapavana{8 Tib. btso. ba. in the sense of purification Air is called pavana 
(pu) as ‘purifier’.} mardana{9 Tib. dril. ba.}kāluṣyāptāgamānumā-
nāni ||
tadetpañcākāraṃ vastu{10 Omitted in Tib.} [4] svabhāvādikaṃ karmaparyavasānaṃ tribhi: sthānai: saṃ-
gṛhītaṃ veditavyaṃ | rūpasamudāyena cittacaitasikakalāpenāsaṃskṛtena ca | tadanyā{11 MS tadanyam}-
nprajñaptimano{12 In Tib. read here yid for yod.} dharmānsthāpayitvā | tatra [5] rūpasamudāye tāvatsarvadharmā: svabī-
jebhya utpadyante | tatkathaṃ | mahābhūtānyupādāya rūpaṃ jāyata ityucyate | kathaṃ ca teṣu
niśritamupādāyarūpaṃ bhavati | teṣu pratiṣṭhitaṃ tairupastabdhaṃ tai [6] ścānubṛṃ hitamiti |
tathā hi | sarveṣāmādhyātmikabāhyānāṃ bhūtānāmupādāyarūpāṇāṃ cādhyātmaṃ
cittasantatau bījāni sanniviṣṭāni | tatra tāvadupādāyarūpabījamupādāya
rūpaṃ janayati [7] yāvadbhūtabījena bhūtānyajanitāni bhavanti | bhūteṣu puna-
@053
rjāteṣu tadupādāyarūpaṃ svavījādevotpadyamānaṃ tadupādāya jātamityucyate 
tajjātipūrvaṅgamatvāt | evaṃ bhūtānyasya [Tib. 28a.1] janakāni bhavanti |
kathaṃ tanniśritamupādāyarūpaṃ bhavati | tathā hi | utpannamupādāyarūpaṃ bhūtadeśā-
vinirbhāgeṇa pravartate | kathaṃ tatpratiṣṭhitaṃ bhavati | mahābhūtānu[2]grahopaghā-
taikayogakṣematvāt | kathaṃ tadupastabdhaṃ bhavati | tanmātrāvipraṇāśatayā |
kathamanubṛṃhitaṃ bhavati | āhāramāgamya svapnaṃ vā brahmacaryavāsaṃ vā [3] samādhiṃ 
vā tadāśritaṃ bhūyobhāvavṛddhivaipulyatāṃ gacchati | tattadanubṛṃhitamityucyate |
idaṃ copādāyarūpe mahābhūtānāṃ pañcākāraṃ kāritraṃ veditavyaṃ ||
na ca rūpasamudāye [4] kadācitparamāṇurutpadyate | utpadyamānastu svabījāt 
samudāya evotpadyate’ṇurvā madhyo vā mahānvā | na ca puna: paramāṇubhi: samu-
dāyaścīyate{1 So the MS Tib. bskyed (though looks as bsgyed which has 
no sense), cf. of skyed. pa ‘to generate’. meaning in Skt janyate.} | budhyā tu parimāṇaparyantaparicchedata: [5] paramāṇu: [16 ka.]
prajñapyate{2 Tib. hdogs. par. zad. de.} | tatra samudāyo’pi sapradeśa: | paramāṇurapi sapradeśa: | samudāyastu
sāvayavo na paramāṇu: | tatkasya heto: | paramāṇureva hyavayava: | [6] sa ca
samudāyasyaivāsti | na paramāṇo: | punaranye paramāṇava: | tasmānna sāvayava:
paramāṇu: ||
dvividhaścāvinirbhāga: | ekadeśāvinirbhāga: | tadyathā bhūtaparamāṇo rūpaśabda-
gandharasa [7] spraṣṭavyānāmanindriya indriyavarjyānāṃ sendriye sendriyāṇāmekadeśā-
vinirbhāga: | miśrībhāvāvinirbhāga: punarekadeśatvāt{3 Tib. eka- (gcig) for sahita-.} | tadyathā | [Tib. 28b.1]
tasmādeva bhūtaparamāṇostadanyasya samudāyasya bhūtabhautikasya | tasya puna: 
kṛtsnasya rūpasamudāyasya{4 In Tib. read hdus. for hdud.} vividhadravyaśilāniṣpiṣṭāpsamāyuktavanmiśrībhāvā
vinirbhāgo [2]draṣṭavyo no tu tilamudgamāṣakulattha{5 MS kolattha-Before kulattha-Tib. adds kuvala- (or badara)
‘plums’ rgya. sug. gi. hbru.}rāśivat | sarva
copādāyarūpaṃ mahābhūtadeśāśritameva na mahābhūtadeśa [3] matiricya vartate{6 In Tib. mi for ni before gnas.te.} |
@054
yāvanmahābhūtena deśo{1 Tib. hbyun ba. chen. po. rnams. kyis. phyogs. MS. bhuto-
ddeso.}’vaṣṭabdhastāvānupādāyarūpeṇa | ato’pi mahābhūtā-
śritamupādāyarūpamityucyate | ata eva ca mahābhūtānāṃ mahābhūta[4]miti
saṃjñā{2 Tib. puts it slightly in a different way omitting samjna. dehi.
nid. kyi. phyir, hbyun. ba. chen. po. rnams. ni hbyun. ba. chen.
po, ses. bya. ste.}| mahatvena bhūtatvānmahābhūtaṃ ||
tānyetāni rūpasamudāye samāsataścaturdaśa dravyāṇi bhavanti | tadyathā 
pṛthivyāpastejo vāto rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyāni cakṣu[5]rādīni ca
rūpāṇi pañcendriyāṇi sthāpayitvā manogocarameva rūpaṃ | tatra{3 MS adds here sattvo.}rūpasamudāyo
rūpīndriyasaṃgṛhīta: sarvo yathānirdiṣṭa{4 Tib. adds-sarva- (thams. cad).} dravyadhātuka: | [6] yathā rūpīndriya-
saṃgṛhīta evaṃ rūpīndriyāśrayamahābhūtasaṃgṛhīta: | tadanyastu samudāyo
rūpīndriyāṇi sthāpayitvā tadanyadhātuka: ||
tatra lakṣaṇasaṃgraheṇa [7] caturdaśaitāni dravyāṇi bhavanti | lakṣaṇasaṃgrahameva
copādāya dravyaparamāṇuprajñapti: | dhātusaṃgraheṇa punarya: samudāyo yāvaddhātuka:{5 MS yad for Tib. yavad (ji. sned).} 
sa tāvadbhirdravyai: saṃgṛhīto vaktavya: || avinirbhāgasaṃgraha: [Tib. 29a. 1]
punaryāvanto dharmā lakṣaṇato yasmin samudāya upalabhyante tāvadbhirdravyaistasya
samudāyasya saṃgraho veditavya ādhyātmike vā bāhye vā samudāye | tathā hi |
kvacitsamudāya ekameva bhūtamupalabhyate | tadyathā pāṣāṇa{6 Tib. adds mani (nor. bu. dan).} [2]muktāvaidūryaśaṅkha-
pravāḍādiṣu utsasarastaḍāganadīprasravaṇādiṣu arciśpradīpolkādiṣu pūrvadakṣiṇa-
paścimottaravāyu[3]maṇḍalasarajaskārajaskavāyvādiṣu ca | kvaciddvayamupa-
labhyate | tadyathā himārdravṛkṣa{7 Acc. to Tib. the compound is hima and ardravrksa (chab. brom.
dan/ sin rlon. dan).} parṇapuṣpaphalādiṣu tapteṣu{8 Tib. lit. dagdhesu (bsregs. pa). MS taptaiva. So in the following.}vā [4] puna-
rmaṇyādiṣu | kvacittūyamupalabhyate | tadyathā | tapteṣu{8 Tib. lit. dagdhesu. (bsregs. pa). MS taptaiva. So in the
following.} teṣveva vṛkṣādiṣu samīriteṣu
@055
vā puna: | kvaciccatuṣṭaya{1 Tib. bzi. char meaning ‘one fourth’ or ‘a quater’ (pada).}mupalabhyate | tadyathā | ādhyātmikeṣu rūpasamudāyeṣu |
[16 kha] yathoktaṃ bhagavatā [5] yadadhyātmaṃ pratyātmaṃ keśādaya: purīṣaparyavasānā: 
ayamādhyātmika: pṛthavīdhātu: | prasrāvādirabdhātu:{2 Tib. gcin. la, sogs. pa. ni. chuhi. khams. so; MS prasravavadayo
dhatuh.} |  yenāyaṃ kalpa{3 Tib. deha(lus).}ātapyate santapyate 
yasya cotsadatvā{4 Acc to Tib. it means
utkatatvat or bhuyastvat ‘owing to excessiveness’ (sas che. bas).}jjvarita{5 MS repeats it.} iti [6] saṃkhyāṃ gacchati sa tejodhātu: | ūrdhvagamādayo
vā (?){6 So the MS. not supported by Tib. reading rlun. byin. du. rgyu. ba. la. sogs. pa. ni which is not quite clear.}yato vāyudhāturiti ||
[evaṃ]{7 Tib. de ltar. na.} yadyatropalabhyate tattallakṣaṇena{8 Tib. de, ni. dehi. mtshan. nid. kyis, MS tallaksano,} vidyate | yannopalabhyate tannāsti |
śabda: sarvasminrūpasamudāye [7] dhātuta: | lakṣaṇata: puna: kvacitpratyutpanna{9 Tib. dmigs. pa, alambana.}-
prayogo(?) janitatvāt | vāyurapi dvividha: sthāvarasantatirasthāvarasantati[śca] |{10 Tib. dan.}
[ tatra sthāvarasantati ]{11 Tib. de. la. rgyud. brtan. pa. ni.} ryasteṣu teṣu samudāyeṣu yantravāhī{12 Tib. yantracarah (hkhor. gyis. rgyu. ba).} |
[ Tib. 29b. 1]asthāvarasantati: punarmaṇḍalacaro’ntarikṣacaraśca || tatrāndha-
kārarūpamālokarūpaṃ{13 Tib. adds here something more reading khod...which is not
quiet legible.}cākāśadhāturityuvyate | tatpunarandhakārarūpaṃ sthāvaraṃ
lokāntarikāsu |{14 Mahavyutpatti, CLV. 17.} asthāvaramanyatra | [2] evamālokarūpaṃ sthāvaraṃ{15 In Tib. reads brtan for bstan.}
svayamprameṣu {16 AK, III. 205.}deveṣu | asthāvaramanyatra | sa cāloko’ndhakāraśca varṇādhika-
samudāyo draṣṭavya: | citta{17 In Tib. read sems for sams.}sanniviṣṭasya ca rūpasamudāyabījasya sāmarthyā-
@056
dubhaya[3]mapratyayasānnidhye (?){1 Tib. mthu. dan. de. dan. hdra. bahi. rkyen. yod. pa. las
suggesting samarthyat tadrsapratyayasadbhavac ca.} kadācidaṇukasya samudāyasyānantaraṃ{2 MS avantaram. Tib mjug. thogs. su. It occurs also below.} mahata:
samudāyasya prādurbhāvo bhavati | kadācitpunarmahato{3 Tib. adds here samudayasya (hdus. pa).}’nantaramaṇukasya | yena 
hrāsavṛddhī{4 MS singular number, so the following verb.} samudāyānāṃ prajñāyete ||
[4] khakkhaṭatvaṃ katamat | pṛthivī | kharagataṃ katamat | yattadbījaṃ | puna:
khakkhaṭaṃ sa eva dhātu: | kharagataṃ keśādi loṣṭādi vā || upagataṃ katamat | yadu-
pāttāmādhyātmikaṃ || anupāgataṃ katamat | yadanupāttabāhyaṃ || [5]punaścitta-
caitasairbījamupagataṃ lakṣaṇamupāttaṃ | etadviparyayādanupagatamanupāttaṃ | punarupagata
[mupāttaṃ]{5 Tib. yan. zin. pa. ni. zin. par. gyur. pa. ste.}mātmana upagamanāt | upāttaṃ pūrvavat | evamabdhātvā{6 Tib. chuhi. khams. la. sogs. pa. la. yan. de. bzin ; MS evam adhva(?)dayo.}-[6]
dayo yathāyogaṃ draṣṭavyā: ||
tatra sarvasmin rūpasamudāye sarveṣāṃ mahābhūtānāṃ{7 Tib. omits sarvesam mahabhutanam.} dhāturvidyate sarvakālaṃ |
tadyathā{8 MS adds here drsyate not supported by Tib.} dṛśyate śuṣkātkāṣṭhādabhimathyamānādagnirjāyate | tathā pāṣāṇa-
...agnirjāyate]{9 Tib. rdo. brnabs. las. (?) me. hgyur. ba. dan. MS tatha hi (hatadravalan?)} tathā loha[7]rūpyasuvarṇādīnāṃ pragāḍhāgnisamprataptānāṃ
dravatotpadyate | tathā candrakāntādapāmeva{10 Tib. de. bzin. du ; MS sarvo (?).}mṛddhimataścittādhimokṣavaśācca pṛthi-
vyādīnāṃ suvarṇādīnāṃ ca prādurbhāvo bhavati{11 Tib. drsyate (snan. no).} ||
tasya khalu puna: rūpasamudāyasya [Tib. 30a. 1] tribhi: srotobhi: pravṛtti-
rbhavatyaupacayikena naiṣyandikena vipākajena ca | tatraupacayikaṃ dvividhaṃ deśavyāptau-
@057
pacayikaṃ lakṣaṇa [2]puṣṭaupacayikaṃ ca{1 For -pusta- (?) Tib. rtas. par. byed. pahi which is not clear to me.} | naiṣyandikaṃ [caturvidhaṃ]{2 Tib. rnam. pa bzi ste. After this MS adds [au] pacayikam.} | upacaya-
naiṣyandikaṃ vipākanaiṣyandikaṃ vikāranaiṣyandikaṃ prakṛtinaiṣyandikaṃ ca |
vipākajaṃ [3] [dvividhaṃ]{3 Tib. rnam. pa. gnis. te. Before this MS has naisyandikam.} vipākatvena ca jātaṃ vipākajaṃ | vipākācca jātaṃ
vipākajaṃ ||
sa ca rūpasamudāyo’bhisamasya ṣaṭ sthānāni niśritya pravartate | pratiṣṭhā-
sthānaṃ nilaya [4] sthānamupakaraṇasthānamindriyādhiṣṭhānasthānamindriyasthānaṃ samā-
dhigocarasthānaṃ || 
tatra cittacaitasakalāpe cittaṃ copalabhyate caitasāśca tripañcāśadu{4 Tib. ekapancasat (lna. bcu. rtsa. gcig. po).}pala-
bhyante | [5] tadyathā manaskārādayo vitarkavicāraparyavasānā yathānirdiṣṭā: |
eṣāṃ caitasānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ kati sarvatra citta{5 Tib. sarvatra sattve (sems, can. thams. cad. du).} utpadyante sarvabhūmike sarvadā
sarve ca | āha | [6] pañca manaskārādyāścetanāparyavasānā: | kati
sarvatrotpadyante sarvabhūmike na ca sarvadā na sarve | pañcaiva śraddhādaya: prajñā-
vasānā: | kati kuśala eva na sarvatra | [7] api tu  sarvabhūmike na
sarvadā na sarve || śraddhādayo’hiṃsāparyavasānā: | kati kliṣṭa eva na sarvatra na
sarvabhūmike [Tib. 30b. 1] na sarvadā na sarve | rāgādaya: saṃprajanyaparyavasānā: ||
kati sarvatra no tu sarvebhūmike na sarvadā na sarve | kaukṛtyādayo[2]vicāra-
paryavasānā: ||
tatrendriyamaparibhinnaṃ bhavati | viṣaya ābhāsagato bhavati | tatastajje 
manaskāre pratyupasthite vijñānasyotpādo bhavati || kathamindriyamaparibhinnaṃ 
bhavati | [3] dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ | avināśato{6 Tib. sa. run. bar. ma. gyur. pa (?)} ‘mandībhāvataśca{7 In Tib. read bzin for bzan.} ||
kathaṃ viṣaya ābhāsagato bhavati | tadyathā | adhiṣṭhānato vā svabhāvato
@058
vā{1 In Tib. read rten. nam for rtan. tam.} deśato vā kālato vā vyaktāvyakto vā sakalavastvekadeśato[4]
vā | sa ceccaturbhirāvaraṇairanāvṛto bhavati | na ca viprakṛṣṭa:{2 Evidently one should read na ca viprakrstah just before
dvabhyam which follows.} | avacchāda-
nīyenāvaraṇena antardhāpanīyena abhibhavanīyena saṃmohanīyena ca dvābhyāṃ vipra-
karṣābhyāṃ deśaviprakarṣato’pacayaviprakarṣataśca ||
[5] kathaṃ tajjasya manaskārasya prādurbhāvo bhavati | caturbhi: kāraṇai: |
chandabalena smṛtibalena viṣayabalenābhyāsabalena ca || kathaṃ chandabalena | yatrānu-
[6] nayo bhavati cetasastatrābhogo bahutaramutpadyate | kathaṃ smṛtibalena | yatra 
... {3 Both MS and Tib. illegible.}taraṃ nimittaṃ bhavati | suṣṭhutaraṃ ca citrīkṛtaṃ bhavati |{4 Tib. adds cetasah (sems). So below.} tatrā-
bhogo bahutara utpadyate || kathaṃ viṣayabalena | yatra viṣaya audārikataro[7] vā
manāpataro vā pratyupasthito bhavati tatrābhogo bahutara utpadyate || kathamabhyāsa-
balena | yatsaṃstutataraṃ bhavati paricitataraṃ tatrābhogo bahutara utpadyate |
anyathā tvekasminnālambana [Tib. 31a. 1] ekaprakārasyaiva manaskārasya nitya-
kālamutpatti: syāt | na cāsti pañcānāṃ vijñānakāyānāṃ saha{5 Tib. lhan. cig. tu ; MS san(?)sahita-.} dvayo: 
kṣaṇayorutpatti: nāpyanyonyasamanantaramanyonyotpatti: | ekakṣaṇotpannānāṃ [2]{6 Tib. adds tesam (de. dag).}
pañcānāṃ kāyavijñānānāmanantaraṃ manovijñānamavaśyamutpadyate | tadanantaraṃ
kadācidvikṣipyate | tata: śrotra{7 Omitted in Tib.}vijñānaṃ vānyatamānyatamadvā [3] pañcānāṃ
vijñānakāyānāṃ | sa cenna vikṣipyate | tato manovijñānameva niścitaṃ 
nāma | tābhyāṃ ca niścitaparyeṣakābhyāṃ manovijñānābhyāṃ sa viṣayo{8 Omitted in Tib.}
vikalpyate ||
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tatra dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ kliṣṭasya vā kuśalasya [4] vā dharmasyotpattirbhavati |
vikalpata: pūrvāvedhataśca | tatra manovijñāne dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ | pañcasu
punarvijñānakāyeṣu pūrvāvedhata eva | kliṣṭakuśala[5]manovijñānāvedhātsa-
manantare cakṣurādivijñāne kliṣṭakuśaladharmotpattirna tu vikalpāt | teṣāmavi-
kalpāt | ata eva cakṣurādīni vijñānāni [6] manovijñānasyānuvartakānī-
tyucyate ||
yaducyate ekacittaṃ taduttarāṇi [vijñānāni]{1 Tib. rnam. par.} ceti | kathamekasya cittasya
vyavasthānaṃ bhavati | vyāvahārikeṇa cittakṣaṇena no tu pravṛttikṣaṇena{2 Tib. skad. cig. gis. MS laksanena for ksanena. Before this
Tib. has gzag.} | vyavahārika{3 MS vyavaharikena (?) with the preceding sentence.}-
mekacittaṃ katamat | [17 kha] ekena padasanniśrayeṇaikasmin vastuni yāvatā kālena
vijñaptirupadyate tāvadekacittaṃ | yaccāpi tatsamānapravāhaṃ tadapyekamevocyate |
visadṛśaṃ tu [Tib. 31b. 1] tasmāddvitīyamiti ||
tatra manovijñāne’nābhogavikṣipte’saṃstutālambane nāsti chandādīnāṃ
pravṛtti: | tacca manovijñānamaupanipātikaṃ vaktavyamatītā[2]lambanameva |
pañcānāṃ vijñānakāyānāṃ samanantarotpannaṃ mana:paryeṣakaṃ niścitaṃ vā varta-
mānaviṣayameva vaktavyaṃ | taccettadviṣayālambanameva tadbhavati ||
tatra sakalaṃ vastulakṣaṇaṃ vijñānena vijñāpayati |{4 Read vijnapyate (?). So in the next sentence.} [3] tadevāvijñaptaṃ vijñeya-
lakṣaṇamityucyate | yanmanaskāreṇa vijñāpayati | tatraiva śubhāśubhobhayaviparīta-
lakṣaṇaṃ yat [tat] {5 Tib de. ni. So below.}sparśena pratipadyate | [4] tatraivānugrahopaghātobhayavipa-
rītalakṣaṇaṃ yat [tad]{6 Tib. de. ni.} vedanayā{7 MS vedana} pratipadyate | tatraiva vyavahāranimitta-
lakṣaṇaṃ yatsaṃ{8 Here tat may be read.}jñayā pratipadyate | tatraiva samyaṅmithyobhaya[5]viparītapratipatti-
lakṣaṇaṃ [yat]{9 Tib. gan. yin. pa.} taccetanayā pratipadyate | tasmādete manaskārādayaścetanāparyava-
sānāścaitasā: sarvatra sarvabhūmike sarvadā sarve [6] cotpadyante ||
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manaskāra: katama: | cetasa ābhoga: || sparśa: katama: | trikasanni-
pāta: || vedanā katamā | anubhavanā || saṃjñā katamā | sañjānanā || cetanā
katamā | cittābhisaṃskāra: || chanda: katama: | yadī{1 Here and in the following sentences the gender is not strictly correct.}psite vastuni [7] tatra tatra 
tadanugā kartukāmatā || adhimokṣa: katama:| yanniścite vastuni tatra tatra
tadanugāvadhāraṇaśakti:{2 For-saktih supported by Tib. nus. pa. MS bhaktih.} || smṛti: katamā | yatsaṃstute vastuni tatra tatra tadanugā-
bhilapanā || [Tib 32a. 1] samādhi: katama: | yatparīkṣye{3 MS pariksya.} vastuni [tatra
tatra]{4 Tib. de. dan. de. la.} tadanugamupanidhyānasaṃniśritaṃ{5 For upa^ sritam. Tib. has nes. par. sems. pa. la. brten. nas
which is not very clear.} cittaikāgryaṃ || prajñā katamā | yatparīkṣya
eva vastuni tatra tatra tadanugo dharmāṇā pra[2]vicayo yogavihitato vāyoga-
vihitato vā naiva yogavihitato nāyogavihitata:{6 Here for yogavihita Tib. lit. has yukti-(or nyaya-)janita
(rigs. pa. bskyed. pa). In the last sentence in Tib. read rigs. pa for rig. pa.} ||
tatra manaskāra: kiṃkarmaka: | cittā[3]varja[na]{7 Tib. sems. gton. bahi.}karmaka: | sparśa: kiṃ-
karmaka: | vedanāsaṃjñācetanānāṃ saṃniśrayadānakarmaka: || vedanā kiṃkarmikā |
tṛṣṇotpādopekṣā{8 Tib. adds hjog. pa.}karmikā || saṃjñā kiṃkarmikā | ālambane citta [4] citrī-
kāra(?){9 For-citrikara Tib. has mtshan. mar. hdzin. pahi meaning
laksanadharana (?)}vyavahārakarmikā || cetanā kiṃkarmikā | vitarkakāyavākkarmādi-
samutthānakarmikā || chanda: kiṃkarmaka: | vīryārambhasaṃjananakarmaka: ||
adhimokṣa: kiṃkarmaka: | guṇato doṣato[5] nobhayato vālambanadhṛti{10 Acc. to Tib. here dhrti means ananda (dgah. ba).}-
karmaka: || smṛti: kiṃkarmikā | ciracintitakṛtabhāṣitasmaraṇānusmaraṇa-
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karmikā || samādhi: kikarmaka: | jñānasaṃniśrayadānakarmaka: || [6] prajñā kiṃ-
karmikā | prapañca{1 MS has here-t-which may be for tat but not supported by
Tib.}pracārasaṃkleśavyavadānānukūlasantīraṇakarmikā ||
tatra kathaṃ trayāṇāmadhvanāṃ vyavasthānaṃ bhavati | bījānāṃ tāvaddharmāvyatireka-
tvāttaddharmavyavasthānavattadvyavasthānaṃ [18 ka] dattādattaphalatayā | [7]phalānāṃ
punaryannirūddhalakṣaṇaṃ tadatītaṃ | sati hetāvanutpannalakṣaṇamanāgataṃ | utpannā-
niruddhalakṣaṇaṃ pratyutpannaṃ ||
kathaṃ jātyā [Tib. 32b. |] jarāyā: sthiteranityatāyāśca vyavasthānaṃ
bhavati | sarvatra vijñānasantāne sarvo bījasantāna: sahacaro{2 Tib. lhan. cig. rgyu. bar. MS. sahanyataro.} vyava-
sthāpyate sati [pratyaye |]{3 Tib. rkyen. yod. la.} pratyayavaśāttatprathamata: santatyānutpannapūrvo{4 In Tib. read snan for lna. na.}
yo dharma utpadyate sā [2] jāti: saṃskṛtalakṣaṇamityucyate || tasyaivānyathātvaṃ 
jarā | tatpunardvividhamanyatvānyathātvamanyathābhāvānyathātvaṃ ca | [tatra]{5 Tib. de. la.} sa-
dṛśotpattau satyāmanyatvānyathātvaṃ | visadṛśotpattau [3] satyāmanyathābhāvā-
nyathātvaṃ || jātamātrasya jātimātrakṣaṇānuvṛtti: sthiti: | jātikṣaṇordhva{6 Tib. skye. bahi. skad. cig. phan. chad ; MS laksanardhvam.}
kṣaṇānava{7 Tib. skad. cig; MS laksana^.}sthānamanityatā || tānyetāni tasyaiva dharmasyāvasthābhedena catvāri
lakṣaṇāni bhavanti ||
catvāra: pratyayā: | hetupratyaya: [4]{8 Tib. adds here mtshuns. sama,’redundantly’. So also below.} samanantarapratyaya ālambanapratyayo-
‘dhipatipratyaya:{9 Madhyamakakarika, 1, 2.
catvarah pratyaya hetur alambanam anantaram |
tathaivadhipateyam ca pratyayo nasti pancamah ||} | tatra bījaṃ hetupratyaya: | samanantarapratyayo yasya vijñāna-
syānantaraṃ{10 Tib. mjug. thogs. su. MS ^ntarah.} yeṣāṃ vijñānānāmutpattiniyama: sa teṣāṃ samanantara[5]pratyaya: |
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ālambanapratyayo yeṣāṃ cittacaitasikānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ yadālambanaṃ | adhipati-
pratyayo yo bījanirmukta{1 Tib. sa. bon. ma. gtogs. pahi. MS bijanimukta.} āśraya: | tadyathā | cakṣurvijñānasya cakṣu rye ca 
tatsahāya[6]dharmā: | evamavaśiṣṭānāṃ vijñānānāṃ | yā ca kuśalākuśalateṣṭā-
niṣṭaphalaparigrahāya | evambhāgīyā{2 The plural number is supported also by Tib. (rnams).
Accordingly one should read ^pratyayah for pratyayah which
follows in the MS.} adhipatipratyayā: ||
tatra bījāddhetupratyayavyavasthānaṃ | svabhāvā[7]tsamanantarapratyayasya{3 Tib. adds vyavasthanam (gzag) in each case.}
ālambanāttasyaiva | āśrayasahāyādibhyo’dhipatipratyayasya || yaduktaṃ{4 Where and by whom ?} ye hetavo
ye pratyayā vijñānasyotpā[dā]yeti | [Tib. 33a. 1] tatraiṣāmeva caturṇāmeko
hetupratyaya: | hetu[śca] pratyayaśca |{5 Tib. rgyu. yan. yin. la. rkyen. yan. yin. no ; MS hetupratyasca.} avaśiṣṭā: pratyayā eva ||
yaduktaṃ kuśalamakuśalamavyākṛtamiti{6 In Abhidharma texts.} teṣāṃ ka: prabheda: | ekavidhaṃ 
kuśala[2]manavadyārthena | dvividhamupapatti{7 Here upapatti is in the sense of utpatti^, Tib. skyes.}prātilambhikaṃ prāyogikaṃ ca |
trividhaṃ svabhāvata: {8 Tib. sasvabhavatah (?) reading no. bo. nid. dan. ldan pa.}saṃprayogata:{9 Omitted in Tib.} samutthānataśca | caturvidhaṃ puṇyabhāgīyaṃ mokṣa-
bhāgīyaṃ nirvedhabhāgīya [3]{10 Tib. adds here one more chad. pa. hthun. pa. dan. The mean-
ing is not clear.}manāsravaṃ{11 MS ^sravanam.} ca | pañcavidhaṃ dānamayaṃ śīlamayaṃ 
bhāvanāmayamiṣṭaphalaṃ visaṃyogaphalaṃ ca | ṣaḍvidhaṃ kuśalaṃ rūpaṃ vedanā saṃjñā saṃ-
[4]skāro vijñānaṃ pratisaṃkhyānirodhaśca | saptavidhaṃ smṛtyupasthāna-
saṃgṛhītaṃ samyakprahāṇa{12 In fact it is pradhana, Pali pahana ‘perseverance’. Tib. has
translated it here by spon. ba the Pali word being taken as 
from ha 'to abandon’.}ṛddhipādendriyabalabodhyaṅgamārgāṅgasaṃgṛhītaṃ | [5]
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aṣṭavidhamabhivādanavandanapratyusthānāñjalikarmasaṃgṛhītaṃ subhāṣite sādhukāra-
dānabhūta{1 Tib. takes it in the sense of satya ‘true’ (bden. pa).}varṇāharaṇa(?){2 Acc. to Tib. akhyana (brjod. par).}saṃgṛhītaṃ glānopasthānasaṃgṛhītaṃ [6] gurūṇāṃ gaura-
veṇopasthānasaṃgṛhītamanumodanāsaṃgṛhītaṃ parasamādāpanā[18. kha]saṃgṛhītaṃ
pariṇāmanāsaṃgṛhītamapramāṇabhāvanāsaṃgṛhītaṃ | navavidhaṃ prayogānantarya-
[7] vimuktimārgaviśeṣa{3 MS adds here marga again.}saṃgṛhītaṃ mṛdumadhyādhimātralaukikalokottaramārgasaṃ-
gṛhītaṃ | daśavidhamaupadhikaṃ{4 Tib. rdzas. las. byun.} niraupadhikaṃ śruta[Tib. 33b. 1]mayaṃ cintā-
mayaṃ saṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ naivasaṃvaranāsaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ maulasāmantaka{5 These two are particular dhyanas. Mahavyutpatti LXVII. 8. 9.}saṃgṛhītaṃ
śrāvakayānasaṃgṛhītaṃ pratyekabuddhayānasaṃgṛhītaṃ [2] mahāyānasaṃgṛhītaṃ |
punardaśavidhaṃ kāmapratisaṃyuktaṃ prathamadvitīyatṛtīyacaturthadhyānapratisaṃ yukta-
mākāśānantyāyatanavijñānā[nantyāyatanā]{6 Tib. mlhah. yas. skye. mched.} kiñcanyā[3]yatana-naivasaṃjñānā-
saṃjñāyatanapratisaṃyuktamanāsravasaṃgṛhītaṃ ca | punardaśavidhaṃ daśa kuśalā: karma-
pathā: | punardaśavidhamaśaikṣī samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyagvimukti: [4] samyag-
jñānaṃ ca | punardaśavidhamaṣṭāsu puṇyopapattiṣu cakravarti[rāja]{7 Tib. rgyal. po.}saṃvartanīyamāni-
ñjyopagaṃ ca kuśalamityevaṃbhāgīya: kuśalaprabheda: ||
samāsatastu [5] dvividha: kuśalārtha iṣṭaphalaparigrahārthī vastuparijñākauśalya-
tatphalārthaśca |
kuśaladharmapratidvandvabhūtamāvaraṇabhūtaṃ ca teṣāmakuśalamaniṣṭaphalaparigrahatvādva-
stuno’samyakparijñātatvācca ||
[6] avyākṛtaṃ punaścaturvidhaṃ | vipākajaṃ tadekatyamairyāpathikaṃ{8 MS tya va airya^} śailpasthi-
tikaṃ nairmāṇikaṃ ca | [7]yatkiñcicchilpaṃ ratikrīḍārthaṃ karoti na jīvi-
kārtha na karmasaṃjñayā na pratisaṃkhyāya tacchailpasthitikaṃ kliṣṭaṃ [Tib. 34a. 1]
avyākṛtamanyat | yathā śailpasthānikamevamairyāpathikaṃ nairmāṇikaṃ kuśalamavyā-
kṛtaṃ ca ||
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ekavidhaṃ cakṣū rūpāṇāṃ darśanāya | dvividha[2]maupacayikaṃ vipākajaṃ ca |
trividhaṃ māṃsacakṣurdivyacakṣu:{1 Omitted in Tib.} prajñācakṣuśca | caturvidhaṃ sanimiṣamanimiṣaṃ{2 In Tib. for hdzums. pa (smita) and mi. hdzums pa (asmita)
read btsums and mi. btsums respectively.}
sthāvara{3 In Tib. read brtan for bstan.}masthāvaraṃ ca | tatra sthāvaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ [3] pañcavidhaṃ pañcagati-
saṃgṛhītaṃ | ṣaḍvidhaṃ | svasantānapatitaṃ parasantānapatitamabhirūpaṃ{4 Tib. sdug. pa. ista, kanta ‘agreeable’.} virūpaṃ
samalaṃ nirmalaṃ ca | saptavidhaṃ [sa]vijñānakamavijñānakaṃ [4] sabalaṃ
durbalaṃ kuśalavijñānasaṃniśraya{5 Tib. ses. pahi. rten; MS ^na manisraya.}makuśalavijñānasaṃniśrayamavyākṛtavijñāna[19 ka.]-
saṃniśrayaṃ | aṣṭavidhamadhiṣṭhānacakṣu: [...cakṣu:]{6 Tib. illegible bahi. mig. dan.} kuśalakarma{7 Tib. las; MS ^dharma^.}vipāka[5]-
jamakuśalakarmavipākajamāhāropacitaṃ svapnopacitaṃ brahmacaryopacitaṃ samā-
pāyupacitaṃ | navavidhaṃ [6] pratilabdhamapratilabdhaṃ pratilabdhapūrvamapratilabdhapūrvaṃ
pratilabdhavihīnaṃ prahātavyamaprahātavyaṃ prahīṇamaprahīṇaṃ | daśavidhaṃ nāsti |
ekādaśavidhamatītamanāgataṃ [7] pratyutpannamādhyātmikaṃ bāhyamaudārikaṃ sūkṣmaṃ
hīnaṃ praṇītaṃ dūre’ntike ||
evaṃ śrotrādīni yāvatkāyastrividha: | caturvidhatve tu bheda: |{8 So the MS. Tib. very illegible, hence could not be compared.
Should we read: strividhacaturvidhatvena bhedah ?} [Tib. 34b. 1]
trividhaṃ śrotraṃ māṃsopaci[taṃ]{9 Tib. sa. la. grub.} divya{10 Tib. lhahi. dan. MS ^vad veditavya^}mavahitaṃ ca | caturvidhaṃ sthāvaramasthā-
varamuccai:śravamanuccai:śravaṃ{11 Tib. skad. bskyed. na. thos. pa. dan/skod. ma. bskyed. par.
thos. paho. The meaning is, however, not clear.} ca | trividhaṃ ghrāṇaṃ jihvā ca | prabhāsvaramabhāsvaramupa-
hataṃ ca | caturvidhaṃ ghrāṇaṃ jihvā ca [2] | sthāvaramasthāvaraṃ savijñānakamavi-
jñānakaṃ ca | kāyastrividha: | kiṭṭasthāyyakiṭṭasthāyī{12 Tib. ro yod. pa. dan. / ro. med. pa. dan.} sarvatragaśca sarvendriyānu-
gatvāt | caturvidha: sthāvaro [3] ‘sthāvara: svayaṃprabho’svayaṃprabhaśca ||
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ekavidhaṃ mano dharmavijñānārthena | dvividhaṃ prajñaptipatitamaprajñaptipatitaṃ ca |
[4] tatra vyutpannavyavahārāṇāṃ prathamaṃ dahrāṇāṃ paścimaṃ | apara: paryāya: |
laukikaṃ{1 Omitted in Tib.} lokottaraṃ ca | trividhaṃ cittaṃ mano vijñānaṃ{2 MS dharma vi^ ; Tib. does not add dharma.} [ca] | caturvidhaṃ kuśalama-
kuśalaṃ [5] nivṛtāvyākṛta[manivṛtāvyākṛtaṃ]{3 Tib. ma. bsgribs. la. lun. du. ma. bstan. paho.} ca | pañcavidhaṃ pañcāvasthā-
bhedāt | hetvavasthaṃ phalāvasthaṃ [sukhāvasthaṃ]{4 Tib. bde. bahi. dus. dan.} du:khāvasthamadu:khā[6]sukhā-
vasthaṃ [ca] | ṣaḍvidhaṃ ṣaḍvijñānakāyā: | saptavidhaṃ saptavijñānasthitiṣu | aṣṭavidha-
madhivacanasaṃsparśasamprayuktaṃ pratighasaṃsparśasamprayuktaṃ [7] gardhāśritaṃ naiṣkamyā-
śritaṃ sāmiṣaṃ nirāmiṣaṃ laukikaṃ lokottaraṃ ca | navavidhaṃ navasu
sattvāvāseṣu | daśavidhaṃ nāsti | [Tib. 35a. 1] ekādaśavidhaṃ pūrvavat |
dvādaśavidhaṃ dvādaśa cittāni | kāmāvacaraṃ kuśalamakuśalaṃ nivṛtāvyākṛta-
manivṛtāvyākṛtaṃ ca | rūpāvacaraṃ [2] trividhamakuśalaṃ sthāpayitvā | evamā-
rūpyāvacaraṃ | lokottaraṃ śaikṣamaśaikṣaṃ ca ||
ekavidhaṃ rūpaṃ cakṣurgocarārthena | dvividhamādhyātmikaṃ bāhyaṃ ca |
[3] trividhaṃ varṇa: saṃsthānaṃ vijñaptiśca | caturvidhamāśrayanirbhāsamanāśraya-
nirbhāsaṃ {5 Tib. svasraya^ and asvasraya^ (rangi. rten^. ran. gi. rten^. ma.
yin. pa^.}sātāsātanirbhāsaṃ pracayāvasthitaṃ ca | pañcavidhaṃ pañcagati[4]-
bhedāt | ṣaḍvidhaṃ pratiṣṭhāsaṃgṛhītaṃ nilayasaṃgṛhītaṃ {6 In Tib. pratistha^ is after nilaya^. Read gzir for bzir in Tib.}viṣayasaṃgṛddītaṃ
sattvasaṃkhyātamasattvasaṃkhyātaṃ sanirśanasapratidhaṃ{7 As in Tib. reading bstan. du. yod. la. thogs. pa. dan. bcas.
paho. MS. has sanidarsanam sapra^.} ca | saptavidhaṃ [5]saptavidha-
parigrahabhedāt | aṣṭavidhamaṣṭasu [19 kha |] lokacitreṣu{8 Tib. sna. tshogs. MS ^citrikesu.} tāni
punarbhūmibhāgacitraṃ parvatacitramārāmavanasarastaḍāgādicitraṃ gṛhavimāna[6]-
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citraṃ karmasthāna{1 Tib. omits-sthana.}citramālekhyacitraṃ kuṭṭimakarma{2 Tib. brdun. sbyor?.}citraṃ pariṣkāracitraṃ ca | nava-
vidhamatītamanāgataṃ pratyutpannamaudarikaṃ vā sūkṣmaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā praṇītaṃ vā [7]
yadvā dūre yadvāntike | daśavidhaṃ daśa pariṣkārā: ||
ekavidha: śabda: śrotragocarārthena | dvividho vyaktārthanirghoṣo’vyaktārtha-
nirghoṣaśca | [Tib. 35b. 1] trividha upāttamahābhūtahetuko’nupāttamahā-
bhūtahetukastadubhayamahābhūtahetukaśca | caturvidha: kuśalo’kuśalo{3 MS kusalam lakusala.}nivṛtā-
vyākṛto’nivṛtāvyā[2]kṛtaśva | pañcavidha: pañcagatibhedāt | ṣaḍvidha upadeśa{4 Tib. lun. nod. pa ; MS uddesa.}-
svādhyāyaśabda āpṛcchanaparipṛcchanā{5 So in MS.}śabdo dharmadeśanāśabda: sāṃkathyavi-
niścayaśabdo[3]’nyonyavacanāpavādā{6 Tib. hdebs ; MS avavada which is not appropriate nor suppor-
ted by Tib.}pattivyutthāpanāśabda: saṅkarakalakalā-
śabdaśca | saptavidha: strīśabda: puruṣaśabdo mṛdumadhyādhimātro mṛgavihaṅgā-
diśabdo{7 For ^vihangadi^ (Tib. bya. la sogs). MS. ^sabdadi^(?)} vātavanaspatiśabdaśca | [4]aṣṭavidhaścatvāra āryavyavahāraśabdāścatvā-
ro’nāryavyavahāraśabdāśca | adṛṣṭe dṛṣṭavāditā{8 In Tib. read smra. ba. for ma. ba.} dṛṣṭe cādṛṣṭavāditānārya-
vyavahāra: | aśrute’mate[5]’vijñāte{9 Tib. bye. brag. ma. phyed. pa (?)}vijñātavāditā vijñāte cāvijñāta-
vāditānāryo vyavaddāra: | dṛṣṭe dṛṣṭavāditādṛṣṭe cādṛṣṭavāditāryo vyavaddāra: |
śrute mate[6]vijñāte vijñātavāditā avijñāte cāvijñātavāditāryo vyavahāra: |
punaraṣṭau kuśalāścatvāro vākkarmapathāścattvāro’kuśalā: | navavidho[7]-
‘tītānāgatapratyutpanno yāvaddūre{10 MS ya ca dure^.}’ntike ca | daśavidha: pañcāṅgatūryasaṃgṛhīta: |
sa punarnṛtyasa[ha]gato gītasa[ha]gato vāditra{11 MS vadita^.}sa[ha]gata: strīsahagata: puruṣa-
sahagataśca | [Tib. 36a. 1] śaṅkhaśabda: paṭahaśabdo bherīśabdo mṛdaṅgaśabda
āḍambaraśabdaśca ||
gandha ekavidho ghrāṇagocarārthena | dvividha ādhyātmiko bāhyaśca |
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trividho mānāpiko’mānāpika [2] upekṣāsthānīyaśca | caturvidha-
ścatvāro mahāgandhā agarugandhasturuṣka{1 Tib. du. ru. k. It is a kind of resin considered good for the sacri-
ficial fire, as writes S. Das in his dictionary.}gandha: karpūragandha: kastūrikāgandhaśca |
pañcavidho mūlagandha: sāragandha: patragandha: puṣpagandha: [3] phalagandhaśca | ṣaḍvidho
bhojanagandha: pānagandho vastragandho’laṅkāragandho [yānagandha:] {2 Tib. bzon. pahi. dri. dan.} pratiśraya-
gandhaśca | saptavidhastvaggandha: patragandha: sūkṣmailāgandhaścandanagandhastrikaṭugandho
dhūpa[4]gandhaścūrṇagandhaśca | aṣṭavidha: sahajo’sahaja: sthāvaro'sthāvara: saṃyukta: 
[kevala]{3 Tib. hbah. zig. pa. dan.} utkaṭo’nutkaṭaśca |{4 Tib. dri. tsha. ba. dan.dri. tsha. ba. ma. yin. paho. MS utkaconutkacas ca.} navavidho’tītā[5]nāgatapratyutpanno yāvaddare-
‘ntike ca | daśavidha: strīgandha: puruṣagandha uccāragandha: prasrāvagandha: kheṭagandha:
śiṅghāṇagandho vasālasikāpūya[6]śoṇitagandho [20 ka] māṃsagandha:
saṅkaragandha: kledakardamagandhaśca ||
rasa ekavidho jihvāgocarārthena | dvividha ādhyātmiko bāhyaśca |
trividho manāpāmanāpādi: pūrvavat | caturvidho [7] yavarasa: śāliraso
godhūmaraso’varadhānyarasaśca | pañcavidho madyapānaraso’madyapānarasa:{5 Tib. omits -pana in madya^ and amadya^.} śākapatra-
raso{6 Tib. illegible.} vanaphalaraso{7 Tib. nags. tshal. gyi. sin. tog. gi. ro. dan ; MS navaphala^.} bhojanīyarasaśca | ṣaḍvidhastiktādi: | sapta-[Tib.
36b. 1] vidha: sarpistailamadhvikṣuvikāraraso goraso{8 Tib. madhuraraso (mnar. bahi. ro.)} lavaṇaraso māṃsarasaśca |
aṣṭavidho gandhavat | navavidho gandhavadeva | daśavidha: khādyaraso{9 Tib. bcah. bahi. ro. (=panarasa ?).} bhojanarasa:
svādyarasa: [2] peyarasaścūṣya {10 MS puspar^.}raso viśeṣaṇīyastarpaṇīya: śamanīya: śodhanīyo
niṣevaṇīyaścauṣadharasa: ||
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sparśa{1 Here and just before pidana for Skt sparsa Tib. has reg. bya.
or reg. par. bya. Skt. lit. sprastavya., and not reg. pa., Skt. sparsa, as
we have generally.} ekavidha: kāyagocarārthena | dvividho gandhavat | [3] trividho
manāpādi: | caturvidha: sparśana{2 MS sprsana^}sparśa: pīḍanasparśo’bhighātasparśo mardana-
sparśa: | pañcavidha: pañcagatibhedāt{3 In Tib. read bye. brag. for bye. gag.} | punardaśamaśaka[4]vātātapasarīsṛpa-
saṃsparśa: | ṣaḍvidha: sukho du:kho’du:khāsukha: sahajo vipakṣasaṃgṛhīta: pratipakṣa-
saṃgṛhītaśca | {4 What is the difference between these last two terms ? Tib. does
not help giving the same reading (mi. mthun. pahi. phyogs. su.
bsdus. pa. dan. / gnen. nor. bsdus. paho, ||)} saptavidha: | [5] khakkhaṭo drava uṣṇa{5 MS usnas ca u^. Tib. adds here calana (gyo. ba. dan.) making
thereby the number eight instead of seven.} ullaṅghanapatanasaṃsparśa:
parāmarśa{6 Tib. gyug. nom. gyi. (?).}saṃsparśa: kāyavikārasaṃsparśaśca | tadyathā ślakṣṇādi:{7 Tib. hjum. pa. la. sogs. pa. rnams. paho. MS suktodi.} | aṣṭavidha: pāṇi-
[6]saṃsparśo loṣṭasaṃsparśo daṇḍasaṃsparśa: śastrasaṃsparśa: śītasaṃsparśa uṣṇasaṃsparśo{8 In Tib. it is the last.}
jighatsāsaṃsparśa: pipāsāsaṃsparśa: | nava[7]vidho gandhavat | daśavidho
bhojanasaṃsparśa: pāna{9 Tib. lit. pipasa^ (skom. pahi.)}saṃsparśo{10 Tib. adds here vahanasamsparsah (bzon. pahi. hduns. te. reg. pa. dan).} vastrasaṃsparśo’laṅkārasaṃsparśo mañcapīṭhasaṃsparśa:{11 MS vrdhasi^(?). Tib. also is not clear : tshans. can. dan./ 
It is indistinct here.}
[Tib. 37a. 1] kūrcabimbopadhānasaṃsparśa: strīsaṃsparśa: puruṣasaṃsparśastayo:
paricaryāparibhogasaṃsparśaśca ||
dharmadhātu: samāsata:[2]saptāśītirdharmā: saha prajñaptidharmai: | te puna: katame |
manaskārādayo vitarkavicāraparyavasānāścaitasāstripañcāśat | dharmāyatanaparyā-
pannaṃ | [3] saṃvarāsaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ rūpaṃ samādhigocarañca rūpaṃ prāptirasaṃjñā{12 For asamjnika- or asamjni-samapatti. Tib. hdu. ses. med.
pahi. snoms. par. hjug. pa.}samā-
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pattirnirodhasamāpattirāsaṃjñikaṃ{1 For asamjnika or asamjni-samapatti, Tib. hdu. ses. med. pahi.
snoms. par, hjug. pa.} jīvitendriyaṃ [4] nikāyasabhāga:
pṛthagjanatvaṃ jātirjarā sthitiranityatā nāmakāyā: padakāyā vyañjanakāyā:
pravṛtti: pratiniyamo yogo javo[5]’nukrama: kālo deśa: saṃkhyā sāmagrya-
sāmagrī ca | aṣṭāvasaṃskṛtavastūni ākāśamapratisaṃkhyāni[20 kha]-
rodha: pratisaṃkhyānirodha: kuśalākuśalā[6]vyākṛtānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ tathatā-
niñjyaṃ saṃjñāvedayitanirodhaśca | tānyetānyaṣṭau samānāni ṣaḍ bhavanti ṣaṭ
samānānyaṣṭau bhavanti ||
sa punarekavidho dharmadhāturmanogocarārthena | dvividha: | [7]prajñaptidharma-
saṃgṛhīto’prajñaptidharmasaṃgṛhītaśca || trividho rūpyarūpī saṃskṛtāsaṃskṛtaśca ||{2 Tib. too. has the same reading (hdus. byas. dan/ hdus. ma.
byas. so. Acc. to it one may read samskrtasamskrtas ca. Otherwise.
here are four instead of three.}
caturvidho rūpī prajñaptidharmasaṃgṛhīta: [Tib. 37b. 1] arūpī caitasadharma-
saṃgṛhīta: arūpī viprayuktaprajñaptisaṃgṛhīta: arūpyasaṃskṛtaprajñaptidharma{3 Tib. gzugs. can. ma. yin. pa. hdus. ma. byas. par. gdans. pahi.
chos. su. bsdus. paho. MS prajnaptyaprajnapti^}-
saṃgṛhītaśca || pañcavidha: rūpacaitasikā[2]dharmāścittaviprayuktā asaṃskṛta-
makuśala{4 Omitted in Tib.}mavyākṛtaṃ ca || ṣaḍvidha: vedanā saṃjñā saṃskārā: samprayuktaviprayuktā
rūpamasaṃskṛtaṃ[3]ca || saptavidho vedanā saṃjñā cetanā kliṣṭo’kliṣṭo rūpama-
saṃskṛtaṃ ca || aṣṭavidha: kuśalo’kuśalo’vyākṛtaścetanā{5 Tib. vedana (tshor. ba. dan.)} saṃjñā saṃskārā 
[4] rūpamasaṃskṛtaṃ ca | navavidho’tītānāgatādibhedena | daśavidho daśa-
vidhārthena anubandhotpādārthena{6 Tib. rjes. su. hbrel. bahi. skye. bahi. (Xy. bohi) don. dan. MS 
anubandhanutpadarthena.} ālambanānubhavanārthena ālambananimitta-
grahaṇārthena[5]ālambanābhisaṃskārārthena teṣāmeva dharmāṇāmavasthābhedārthena
anityavisaṃyogārthena{7 Tib. lit. anityavisamyogarthena (mi. rtag. pa. dan. ma. bral.
bahi. don. dan).} nityavisaṃyogārthena nityāvipītārthena sukhadu:kha-
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vi[6]saṃyogārthena{1 Tib. omits visamyoga.} no tu vedayitavisaṃyogārthena vedayitavisaṃyogārthena{2 Here the reading seems to be doubtful. The last two kinds
may be taken together. For no tu^ rthena Tib. tshor. ba. dan. bral.
ba. ma. yin. pahi. don. dan. tshor. ba. dan. bral. bahi. don. dan.} [ca] |
tānyetānyādhyātmikabāhyānāmāyatanānāṃ ṣaṣṭyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ prabhedaśatāni ||
tatra caratyākṣayādrūpāṇāṃ darśanāya caratyākṣayādrūpāṇāṃ [7]darśanāyeti{3 For the repetition of the words here see the following few
sentences where the same thing will be found.} cakṣu: |
śravā atropalabhyanta{4 Omitted in Tib.} iti śrotram | gandhānāghrātīti ghrāṇaṃ | jighatsādaurvalyaṃ
prativinodayati vividhālāpaparicayā[Tib. 38a. 1]ccāhvānaṃ karotīti
jihvā | kātsrnenendriya[kriyā]nugata: kāyo’yamiti | kāya:{5 For ayam in the sentence MS asya. The Tib. version runs here
thus : lus. ni. hdi. ni. dban. po. byed. par. (?) gyi. rjes. su. son. bas.
ma. lus. so.} dīrgharātrametadbālai:
kelāyitaṃ mamāyitametanmama eṣo’hamasmi eṣa ma ātmeti | [2]atra ca
lokasya saṃjñā sattvo naro jīvo janturmanujo mānava iti mana iti ||
{6 Tib. adds here : yul. [de.] dan. der. brtag. par. byar. run. ba.
dun(=tatra tatra dese pariksyate).}tatra tatra deśe nirūpyate{7 Tib. gnod. par. bya. bar. run. zin. (=badhyte). Acc. to the
Buddhist tradition rupa in such cases is that which changes under
the physical condition of cold, heat, etc. (sitosnadibhir vikaram apa-
dyata iti rupam). It is therefore from rup which in the sense of
badh ‘to damage’, ‘injure,’ is quite different from rup ‘to view’
etc. See yasomitra’s Abhidharmakosavyakhya on I. 13. and AK. I.
24. with notes by Poussin. After nirupyate MS is not supported by Tib.} rohati ceti tasmādrūpa[miti]{8 Tib. zes. byaho.} vadanneva śarati
vadanneva śarati{9 Here sarati is evidently for siryate from sri, class 9 but here
class 1 ‘to crush’ is used. In Tib. read hjig. pa. for hjigs. pa. In this,
version the sentence is only once, and not twice as in the preceding
sentences in Skt.} tasmācchabda: |{10 Tib. sgra. MS wrongly chandah. So in the next sentence.} [3]anuśerate cāsminvidyā vādāstasmācchabda: |
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anuvātaṃ gacchati dhāvati tasmādgandha: | rogāṇāṃ sañcayana:{1 Tib. sdud. pa. MS avaratah (?)} khādanīyaśca
tasmādrasa: | kāyena spṛśyata iti spraṣṭavyaṃ | dhārayati kevalaṃ manoviṣayatvaṃ [4]
dhārayati kevalaṃ manoviṣayatvamiti dharma: || {2 Both MS and Tib. (rnams.) plural number.}
ityevaṃbhāgīya eṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ{3 Tib. omits esam dharmanam.} prabhedo draṣṭavya: ||
tatroddānaṃ 
svabhāvataścāśrayata ālambanasahāyata: |
karmataśca pravṛtti: syāccetasa: pañcabhirmukhai: ||
[5] tatraibhi: pañcabhirdharmai: ṣaḍvijñānakāyikai: svabhāvenāśrayeṇālambanena
sahāyena karmaṇā ca skandhakauśalyamapi saṃgṛhītaṃ veditavyaṃ |{4 MS vedayitavyam. The case is the same with the next
sentence.} dhātukauśalya-
māyatanakauśalyaṃ pratītyasamutpāda[6]kauśalyaṃ sthānā [21 ka]nāsthānamindriya-
kauśalyamapi veditavyaṃ || 
navavastukamapi buddhavacanaṃ saṃgṛhītaṃ veditavyaṃ | nava vastūni katamāni |
sattvavastu upabhogavastu [7] utpattivastu sthitivastu saṃkleśavyavadānavastu{5 As below and supported by Tib. rendering : kun. nas. non.
mons. pa. dan. rnam. par. byan. bahi. dons, po. MS has samklesavastu
vyavadanavastu.}
vaicitryavastu daiśikavastu deśyavastu pariṣadvastu ca ||
tatra sattvavastu pañcopā[Tib. 38b. 1]dānaskandhā: | tadupabhogavastu
dvādaśāyatanāni | utpattivastu dvādaśaṅga: pratītyasamutpāda: | utpannasya
sthitivastu catvāra āhārā: |
saṃkleśavyavadānavastu [2]catvāryāryasatyāni | vaicitryavastūnyaparimāṇā
dhātava: | daiśikavastu buddhāstacchrāvakāśca | deśyavastu smṛtyupasthānādayo
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bodhipakṣyā dharmā: | pariṣad[3]vastvaṣṭau pariṣada:{1 Omitted in Tib.} | kṣatriyapariṣad | brāhmaṇa-
pariṣad | {2 MS here and below parsat.} gṛhapatipariṣad | śramaṇapariṣad | caturmahārājakāyikapariṣad
trayastriṃśatpariṣat mārapariṣad brāhmaṇapariṣacceti |
uddānaṃ{3 In MS it is after the following stanza.}
samudāya: kalāpaśca[4]adhvalakṣaṇapratyayā: |
kuśalādiprabhedaśca kauśalyavastu paścimaṃ ||
yogācārabhūmau manobhūmirdvitīyā{4 Tib. gnis. pa.} samāptā ||
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[savitarkā savicārā bhūmistṛtīyā | avitarkā vicāramātrā
bhūmiścaturthī | avitarkāvicārā bhūmiśca pañcamī ]
[Tib. 38b. 4] savitarkā savicārā bhūmi: katamā | avitarkā[5]
vicāramātrā bhūmi:{1 Chapters III, IV and V are taken together in both the texts
Skt. and Tib. The concluding colophon also supports it.} | katamā | avitarkāvicārā bhūmi: katamā | piṇḍo-
ddānaṃ |
dhātulakṣaṇayoniśca ayoni: kleśapaścimaṃ |
ityāsāṃ tisṛṇāṃ bhūmīnāṃ dhātuprajñaptivyavasthānato’pi | lakṣaṇa[6]prajñapti-
vyavasthānato’pi | yoniśo manaskāraprajñaptivyavasthānato’pi yoniśomanaskāra-
prajñaptivyavasthānato’pi | [saṃkleśaprajñaptivyavasthānato’pi]{2 Tib. kun. nas. non. mons. gdags. pa. rnam. par. bzag. pa.} vyavasthānaṃ vedi-
tavyaṃ ||
uddānaṃ 
saṃkhyā[7]sthānaṃ parimāṇamāyuśca paribhogatā |
utpatti{3 MS upapattir, but see below, and consider the metre.}rātmabhāvaśca hetupratyayavistara: ||
dhātuprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ katamat | tadaṣṭākāraṃ veditavyaṃ | saṃkhyā-
[vyava]{4 Tib. rnam. pa, bzaq. pa.}sthānato’pi | sthānāntara[Tib. 39a. 1]vyavasthānato’pi sattva-
parimāṇavyavasthānato’pi | teṣāmeva sattvānāmāyurvyavasthānato’pi | teṣāmeva
sattvānāṃ sambhogaparibhogavyavasthānato’pyutpattivyavasthānato[2]’pyātmabhāva-
vyavasthānato’pi | hetupratyayavyavasthānato’pi ||
tatredaṃ saṃkhyāvyavasthānaṃ | trayo dhātava: kāmadhātū rūpadhāturārūpyadhātu-
riti | ete paryāpannā{5 Tib. mtogs. pa. for which read gtogs. pa.}dhātava: | aparyāpannaśca sopāya: [3] satkāyanirodho-
‘nāsravo dhāturniṣprapañca:{6 MS. ^srava (fem). See p. 74. note dhatunispra^} ||
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tatra sakale kāmadhātau{1 Tib. hdod. pahi. khams. mthah. dag. dan.} rūpadhātau ca prathamadhyāne dhyānāntarikaṃ{2 Tib. bsam. gtan. khyad. par. can. for antarika Tib. visesa.} samā-
pattyupapattikaṃ [4] sthāpayitvā savitarkā savicārā bhūmi: samāpattyupapattikaṃ 
dhyānāntarika[21 kha]mavitarkāvicāramātrā bhūmi: | yāṃ bhāvayitvaika-
tyo mahābrahmatvaṃ pratilabhate | [5] dvitīyaṃ dhyānamupādāyāvaśiṣṭo{3 MS mupadaya visisto.} rūpadhātu:
sakalaścārūpyadhāturavitarkāvicārā bhūmi: | tatra vitarkavicāravairāgyayoge-
nāvitarkāvicārā bhūmi[6]rityucyate | na tvasamudācāreṇa | tathā hi |
kāmyebhyo’vītarāgasyāpyavitarkāvicāra ekadā mana:pracāro bhavatyupa-
deśamanaskāraviśeṣata:[7] vītarāgasyāpi ca vitarkavicārebhyo vitarkavicāra-
samudācāro bhavati | tadyathā vyutthitānāṃ |{4 Tib. lans. pa. rnams. la. MS. vyutthinam.} tadupapannānāṃ tatrānāsravo {5 MS ^srava. See page 73. note 6.}dhāturyo
‘saṃskṛta: samāpattisaṃgṛhīta: | tatrāpi [Tib. 39b. 1] prathamaṃ dhyānaṃ{6 Tib. lit. prathamasya dhyanasya (bsam. gtan. dan. pohi.).} savitarkā
savicārā bhūmi: | vitarkavicārasthānīyeṣu dharmeṣu tathatāmavalambba tatsamāpatte-
rno tu vikalpapracārata: | śiṣṭaṃ pūrvavat ||
[kāmadhātu:]
tatredaṃ sthānāntara[2]vyavasthānaṃ | kāmadhātu: ṣaṭtriṃśatsthānāntarāṇi | aṣṭau{7 MS adds here sthanantaravyavasthanato’ pi.}
mahānarakasthānāni | tadyathā | sañjīva: kālasūtraṃ saṅghāto rauravo mahāraurava-
stāpano mahā[3]tāpano’vīciśca | teṣāmeva mahānarakāṇāṃ tiryagdaśabhi{8 Tib. omits dasabhir.}ryojana-
sahasrai: pareṇāṣṭau śītanarakasthānāni | tadyathā arbudo{9 This and the following eight words are in the neuter gender
in MS.} nirarbudo’ṭaṭo huhuva
[4]utpala: padmo mahāpadma: | ito dvātriṃśadyo{10 MS dvatrimsad yo.}janasahasrai: sañjīvastata: pareṇa
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catu:sahasrayojanāntarāṇi tadanyāni draṣṭavyāni | [5]yathā sañjīvamahā-
narakasthānamevaṃ prathamaśītanarakasthānaṃ | tata: pareṇa dviyojanasahasrānta-
ritāni tadanyāni draṣṭavyāni ||
pretasthānāntara[6]masurasthānāntaraṃ |{1 In Tib. these two words are taken with the following sentence
reading yi. dwags. kyi. gnas. gzan. dan. lha. ma. yin. gyi. gnas.
gzan. dan.} tiryañco devamanuṣyāśca sahacarā eva |{2 MS manusya tu with a query mark. Tib. supports the reading
as given (lha. dan. mi. dan. lhan. cig. rgyu. ba. nid.).}
atasteṣāṃ sthānāntaraṃ pṛthaṅ na vyavasthāpyate{3 Tib. rnam. par. mi bzag. go. MS prthag vyavasthapyate.} | catvāro dvīpā: pūrvavat |
aṣṭāvantaradvīpā: |{4 Omitted in Tib. These dvipas are as in A K III. 56 :
deha videhah kuravah kauravas camara varah /
astau tu tadanantaradvipah satha uttaramantrinah 11} ṣaṭ kāmāvacarā devā: [7] cāturmahārājakāyikā-
strāyastriṃśā yāmāstuṣitā nirmāṇarataya: paranirmitavaśavartinaśca devā: | māra-
bhuvanaṃ puna: paranirmitavaśavartiṣu deveṣu paryāpannaṃ na [sthāna]#ntaraviśiṣṭaṃ |{5 Tib. sthanantaravisiam (gnas. gzan. kyad. par. can. yin. no.).
Here na is omitted.}
[Tib. 40a. 1] pratyekanarakā: sāmantanarakāśca mahānarakaśītanarakasamanta
eva na sthānāntaraviśiṣṭā:{6 For sita^ visistah Tib. has gran. bahi. sems. can. dmyal. bahi.
ne. hkhor. nid. de / gnas. gzan. bye. brag. can. med. do. 11 MS sita-
narakasamantanarake naiva sthana^} [2] {7 MS adds before ity api.}manuṣyeṣvapyupalamyante | tadeke pratyekanarakā: |
yathoktaṃ sthaviramahāmaudgalyāyanena sattvamahaṃ paśyāmyādīptaṃ pradīptaṃ samprajvalitamekajvālī-
bhūtamityevamādi | [3] itīmāni ṣaṭtriṃśa[22ka.]tsthānāntarāṇi kāmadhātu-
rityucyate |
[rūpadhātu:]
aṣṭādaśa sthānāntarāṇi rūpadhātu: | brahmakāyikā brahmapurohitā [4] mahā-
brahmāṇo mṛdumadhyādhimātraparibhāvitatvātprathamadhyānasya | parīttābhā apramāṇābhā
ābhāsvarā mṛdumadhyādhimātraparibhāvitatvāddvitīyasya dhyānasya | parīttaśubhā 
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apramāṇaśubhā: śubhakṛtsnā mṛdumadhyādhimātraparibhāvitatvāttṛtīyasya dhyānasya |
[5] anabhrakā: puṇyaprasavā bṛhatphalā mṛdumadhyādhimātraparibhāvitatvāccaturthasya 
dhyānasya | asaṃjñikaṃ [6] bṛhatphalaparyāpannatvānna sthānāntaramāryāsādhāraṇaṃ |
pañca śuddhāvāsabhūmaya: [7] abṛhā atapā: sudṛśā: sudarśanā akaniṣṭhāśca
mṛdumadhyādhimātratarādhimātratamaparibhāvitanvādvyavakīrṇabhāvitasya caturthasya 
dhyānasya | śuddhāvāsāṃśca samatikramya maheśvarasthānaṃ yatra daśabhūmisthā bodhi- 
sattvā [Tib. 40b. 1] daśamyā bhūme: paribhāvitatvādutpadyante ||
[ārūpyadhātu:]
ārūpyadhātuścatvāri sthānāni | na vā kiñcitsthānāntaraṃ |
[sattvaparimāṇavyavasthānaṃ]
tatredaṃ sattvaparimāṇavyavasthānaṃ | jāmbudvīpakānāṃ tāvanmanuṣyāṇā [2]-
maniyatamāśraya{1 That is, deha 'body’ (Tib. lus).}parimāṇaṃ | ekadā mahadbhavatyekadāṇukaṃ | tatpuna: svena 
hastenārdhacaturthapramāṇaṃ | pūrvavidehā niyatāśrayapramāṇā: | te’pi svena haste-
nārdhacaturthahastapramāṇā mahākāyatarāśca | [3] yathā pūrvavidehakā evamavara{2 Sometimes avara is read as apra in such cases.}-
godānīyakā uttarakauravāśca mahākāyatarāśca ||
cātu{3 See AK. III. 159.}rmahārājakāyikānāṃ [devānāṃ]{4 Tib. lha. rnams. kyi.} catu[4]rbhāgaṃ krośasya pramāṇaṃ | traya-
striṃśānāṃ sātirekapādapramāṇaṃ | śakrasya devendrasyārdhakrośapramāṇaṃ yāmānā-
mardhakrośaṃ{5 MS neuter gender.} | tata: pareṇa sarveṣu tadanyeṣu devanikāyeṣu pādapādamadhikaṃ 
parimāṇaṃ{6 Omitted in Tib.} draṣṭavyaṃ | brahmakāyikānāmardhayojanaṃ | brahmapurohitānāṃ [5] yojanaṃ |
mahābrahmaṇāṃ dvyardhayojanaṃ | parīttābhānāṃ dve yojane | tata: pareṇa tadavaśiṣṭeṣu 
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deva{1 Omitted in Tib.}nikāyeṣu taddiguṇamāśrayaparimāṇaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ syāpayitvā[6]’nabhrakān | tatra
puna{2 Not in Tib.}ryojanatrayaṃ sthāpayitavyaṃ{3 In such cases causative of stha is to be taken in the sense
of 'to set aside’ as in Pali.} ||
mahānarakeṣu pramāṇaniyama: | yena pragāḍhataraṃ pāpakamakuśalaṃ karma kṛtaṃ 
bhavatyupacitaṃ tasya mahattara āśrayo nirvartate | itareṣāṃ punaranyathā | [7] yathā
mahānarakeṣvevaṃ śītanarakeṣu pratyekanarakeṣu sāmantanarakeṣu pratyekanarakeṣu tiryak-
preteṣu | asurāṇāṃ [Tib. 41a. 1] trayastriṃśaddevavyavasthāpanavadāśrayavyava-
sthānaṃ veditavyaṃ | ārūpyeṣu punararūpitvātparimāṇaṃ nāsti |
[sattvāyurvyavasthānaṃ]
tatredamāyurvyavasthānaṃ | jāmbūdvīpakānāṃ tāvanmanuṣyāṇāṃ triṃśad [2] -
rātrakeṇa māsena dvādaśamāsakena [22 kha] ca saṃvatsareṇāniyatamāyuṣpramāṇaṃ |
ekadā parimāṇāyuṣo bhavantyekadāśītivarṣasahasrāyuṣa: | ekadā yāvaddaśa-
varṣāyuṣa: |{4 AK. III. 78 :
sahasram ayuh kurusu dvayor ardhardhavarjitam |
ihaniyatam ante tu dasabdan adito’ mitam || } pūrvavidehakāṇāṃ [3] niyatamardhatṛtīyāni varṣaśatānyāyuṣa: |
avaragodānīyānāṃ pañca [śatāni{5 Tib. lo. lna. brgya. ho.}] | uttarakauravāṇāṃ varṣasahasramāyu: | yat 
khalu manuṣyāṇāṃ pañcāśadvarṣāṇi taccāturmahārājakāyikānāṃ [devānā] {6 Tib. lha. rnams. kyi.}mekaṃ-
rātrindivaṃ | tena{7 Tib. tadrsena (de. lta. buhi), and so throughout the follow-
ing passage.} rātri [4] ndivasena triṃśadrātrakeṇa{8 Tib. lit. trimsata (sum. cu.) omitting ratrakena.} māsena dvādaśamāsa-
kena saṃvatsareṇa divyāni pañca varṣaśatānyāyu: | yatkhalu manuṣyāṇāṃ varṣaśataṃ
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tattu trayastriṃśānāṃ [devānā] {1 Tib. lha. rnams. kyi. See AK-Vyakhya, III. 1.}mekaṃ rātrindivasaṃ | tena rātrindivasena 
triṃśataiko māsa:]{2 Tib. nin. zag. sum. cu. la. zla. ba. gcig. ste.} pūrvaddivyaṃ{3 Tib. omits divyam.} | [5]tadanyeṣu devanikāyeṣvahorātreṇāpi 
taddiguṇena teṣāṃ devānāmāyuryāvatparanirmitavaśavarttiṣu deveṣu ||
yalkhalu cāturmahārājakāyikānāṃ devānāṃ kṛtsnamāyustat sañjīve 
[6] mahānaraka ekaṃ rātrindivasaṃ | tena rātrindivasena triṃśadrātrakeṇa 
māsena dvādaśamāsakena ca saṃvatsareṇa nārakāṇi pañcavarṣaśatānyāyu: | yathā 
cāturmahārājakāyikānāmāyuṣā [7] sañjīve mahānarake upapannāmāyu-
revaṃ trayastriṃśānāmāyuṣā kālasūtropapannānāmāyu: | yāmānāmāyuṣā saṅghātopa-
pannānāmāyu: | tuṣitānā [Tib. 41b. 1] māyuṣā rauravopapannānāmāyu: ||
paranirmitavaśavartināmāyuṣā {5 Sometimes read as tapana.}tapanopapannānāmāyurveditavyaṃ | [2] pratāpanopa-
pannānāṃ sattvānāmantarakalpenārdhakalpamāyu: | avīcikānāṃ sattvānāmantarakalpena 
kalpamāyu: | yathā trayastriṃśānāmevamasurāṇāṃ tiryak [3] pretānāmaniyatamāyu: |
śītanarakopapannānāṃ sattvānāṃ mahānarakopapannebhya: sattvebhya uttarottarāṇāmupā-
rdhenāyurveditavyaṃ |
pratyekanarako[4]papannānāṃ sattvānāmapyaniyatamāyu: | brahmakāyikānāṃ 
sattvānāṃ viṃśatyantarakalpakena kalpena kalpamāyu: | brahma[5]purohitānāṃ 
[sattvānāṃ]{6 Tib. sems. can. rnams. kyi.} catvāriṃśadantarakalpakena [kalpena kalpamāyu:]{7 Tib. lit. eka. kalpa (bskal. pa. gcig. go.).} | mahābrahmaṇāṃ 
ṣaṣṭyantarakalpakena kalpena kalpamāyu: | parītrābhā [6] nāmaśītyantarakalpakena 
kalpena dvau kalpau | tata ūrdhvaṃ tadanyeṣu devanikāyeṣu taddviguṇataddviguṇamāyu: [7]
sthāpayitvānabhrakān | tatra punastraya: kalpā: sthāpayitavyā: |
ākāśānantyāyatanopapannānāṃ sattvānāṃ viṃśati: kalpasahasrāṇyāyu: |
vijñānānantyāyatanopapannānāṃ [sattvānāṃ] {8 Tib. sems. can. rnams. kyi.}catvāriṃśat | [Tib. 42a. 1]
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ākiñcanyāyatanopapannānāṃ ṣaṣṭi: | naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanopapannānāmaśīti:{1 Tib. only asiti. omitting kalpa.}
kalpasahasrāṇyāyu: | uttarakurūnsthāpayitvā | astyantare{2 So the MS. Tib. indistinct.} [2] kālakriyā
tatra manuṣyeṣu tiryakpreteṣu ca kiṭṭālakāyā: santiṣṭhante | deveṣu narakeṣu ca 
sahaiva vijñānena{3 Tib. indistinct.}akiṭṭakāyā: santiṣṭhante ||
[saṃbhogaparibhogavyavasthānaṃ]
tatra saṃbhoga [3] paribhogavyavasthānaṃ | yaduta sukhadu:khānubhavato’pi | āhāra-
paribhogato’pi | maithunaparibhogato’pi ||
tatra narakeṣu yadbhūyasā sattvā: kāraṇādu:khaṃ prati [4] saṃvedayanti tiryakṣvanyo-
nyabhakṣaṇadu:khaṃ | preteṣu kṣutpipāsā{4 Tib. bkres. sin. skom. pahi.; MS for this has utkarsa.}du:khaṃ | manuṣyeṣu paryeṣṭivyasanadu:khaṃ |
deveṣu [23 ka] cyavanapatanadu:khaṃ prati [5] saṃvedayanti ||
tatra sañjīve mahānarake evaṃrūpaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti bāhulyena |
tatra te sattvā anyonyaṃ saṅgamya karmādhipatyasambhūtairvividhai: praharaṇai: krama-
samutpannaira [6] nyonyaṃ{5 Tib. gcig. la. geig. su. below. MS anyonyam.} vipraghātikāṃ kurvanto niśceṣṭā: pṛthivyāṃ prapatanti |
tata ākāśācchabdo niścarati sañjīvantu hanta sattvā iti | tata: punaste 
sattvā vyutthāya tenaiva prakāreṇānyonyavipraghātikāṃ kurvanti | [7] tato 
nidānaṃ{6 Tib. tato nidanat (gzi. las.). See below.} ca dīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti yāvattatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa
sarvaṃ{7 Tib. thams. cad. kyi. thams. cad. du. See below. MS saravanta.} parikṣīṇaṃ vyantīkṛtaṃ | tasmācca puna: sa naraka: sañjīva ityucyate ||
tatra kālasūtramahānaraka [Tib. 42b. |] evaṃrūpaṃ kāraṇāṃdu:khamanu-
bhavanti bāhulyena | tatra te sattvāstatparyāpannairyātanāpuruṣai: kālakena 
sūtreṇa māpyante | caturasrakamapyaṣṭāsrakamapyanekavicitravibhaktiprakāramapi 
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māpyante | māpitāśca tathā [2] tathā khanyante{1 khan here 'to pierce' (?) Tib. seems to read gsig (?) cin.} takṣyante sampratakṣyante{2 MS taksante samprataksante.} | tato 
nidānaṃ ca dīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti yāvattatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa 
sarvaṃ na parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ | tasmācca puna: sa naraka: [3] kāla-
sūtra ityucyate ||
tatra saṅghāte mahānaraka evaṃ rūpaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti bāhulyena |
tatra te sattvā{3 MS repeats it.} yadānyonyamaikadhyamabhisaṃkṣiptā: saṅghātamāpannā bhavanti tadā tat-
paryāpannai [4]ryātanāpuruṣairdvayorajamukhayorāyasayormahāparvatayorvivaramanupraveśyante |
samanantarapraviṣṭāśca{4 MS ^ntarapravi^ Tib. tshans. ma. thag. tu. Here the meaning
of tshans is not clear.} tābhyāṃ parvatābhyāṃ prapīḍyante | teṣāṃ prapīḍitānāṃ 
sarvatomukhaṃ rudhiranadya: prasravanti pragharanti | yathājamukhayo [5] revaṃ meṣamukhayo-
rhayamukhayorhastimukhayo:{5 Tib. glan. po. chehi. gdon. lta. bu. gnis. dan.} siṃhamukhayorvyāghramukhayo: | puna: saṅghātamāpannā
[6] āyase mahāyantre prakṣipya{6 Omitted in Tib.} prapīḍyante yathekṣukṣoda:{7 MS ksodam. Tib. lit. iksupindakriyavat (bu. ram. sin.
brduns. bya. ba. bzin. du).} | teṣāṃ tatra prapīḍya-
mānānāṃ rudhiranadya: prasravanti pragharanti | puna: saṅghātamāpannānāmupariṣṭā-
dāyasī mahāśilā prapatati yā tānsattvāna [7] yomayyāṃ pṛthivyāṃ sañchindati{8 For this and the following form see Whitney : Root, etc.
Leipzing, 1885, pp 509, III.}
sambhindati{9 In Ms these two verbs are in the plural number, and the latter
is sambhidanti.} saṅkaṭayati sampradālayati | teṣāṃ tatra tatra sañcchidyamānānāṃ
sambhidyamānānāṃ saṅkuṭyamānānāṃ sampradālyamānānāṃ{10 MS omits sam-.} rudhiranadya: prasravanti pragha-
ranti | tatonidānaṃ [Tib. 43a. 1] ca dīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti yāva-
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ttatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa sarvaṃ [23 kha] na parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ |
tasmācca puna: sa naraka: saṅghāta ityucyate ||
tatra raurave mahānaraka [2] evaṃrūpaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti bāhu-
lyena | tatra te sattvā layanagaveṣiṇa āyasamagāraṃ praviśanti | teṣāṃ tatra 
praviṣṭānāmagnirmucyate yatasta ādīptā: pradīptā: sampra[3]jvalitā dhyāyanti{1 Tib. dahyante reading bsreg. (Xy. bsrag.) par. hgyur. ro.} | te 
tatra ruvantyārtasvaraṃ krandante{2 MS singular.} tatonidānaṃ ca dīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti 
yāvattatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa sarvaṃ na{3 Omitted in MS.} parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ |
tasmācca [4] puna: sa{4 Omitted in Tib.} narako raurava ityucyate ||
tatra mahāraurave mahānarake’yaṃ viśeṣo yo raurave 'gāra: sa tatrāgāra 
eva vijñātavya: sagarbhastu | tasmācca [5] puna: sa narako mahāraurava ityucyate ||
tatra tapane mahānaraka evaṃrūpaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti bāhulyena |
tatparyāpannā yātanāpuruṣāstānsattvānanekayojanāyāṃ{5 Tib. dpag. tshad. du. ma. yod. pa. Here is no aneka.} kaphalyāṃ{6 Tib. lit. lauhakatahe (lcags. zans). For kaphali or kaphalika
(cf. kapalika) in Tib. we have sla. na or slan (colloq).} [6] prakṣipya
taptāyāṃ prataptāyāṃ samprajvalitāyāmāvartayanti parivartayanti tāpayanti santāpa-
yanti tadyathā matsyān | punarayomayena śalye{7 In Tib. salya is zug. rnu, but it is omitted here.}nādhastā{8 Omitted in Tib. which adds here santapayanti.}dvidhyanti | sa ca 
śalya: [7] pṛṣṭhāntena praviśya śirasā nirgacchatyādīpta: pradīpta: | teṣāṃ ca 
sattvānāṃ mukhādakṣitārakābhyo nāsikābilebhya:{9 Tib. here and in the following word has the dual number (gnis).} sarvaromakūpebhyo jvālā 
nirgacchanti | puna [Tib. 43b. 1]rayomayyāṃ pṛthivyāṃ taptāyāṃ santaptāyāṃ 
prajvalitāyāmuttānakānsthāpayitvāvamūrdhakān vā taptai: santaptai: samprajvali-
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tairayoghanaistāḍayanti santāḍayanti sandālayanti{1 For datayanti sanda^, Tib. dmyal. zin. kun. tu. dmyal. lo.
MS cikrayanti (?).} tadyathā [2] nāma māṃsabilvaṃ |{2 Tib. sahi. snag. bu. Is it for pinda ?}
tatonidānaṃ ca dīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti yāvatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa 
sarvaṃ na parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ | tasmācca puna: sa narakastapana 
ityucyate ||
[3] tatra pratāpane mahānarake’yaṃ viśeṣa: | triśūlaśalyaṃ{3 MS trisulya. Tib. trisula^ (gsal. zin. rce. gsum). Before this
it adds lauha (lcags) preceded by chu ‘water’.} pṛṣṭhato nirgama-
yanti | tasya caikaśūla ekena skandhena nirgacchati | dvitīyo{4 Tib. lit. itarah (gcig. sos).}dvitīyena tṛtīya:{5 Tib. lit. madhyamah (dbus. ma).} 
śirasā [4] | teṣāṃ tatonidānaṃ mukhenāpi{6 Tib. lit. mukhad (kha nas). See above and below.} [jvālā]{7 Tib. me. lcehi. hbar. ba.} nirgacchati | lauha-
patraiśca taptai: sa [5]ntaptai: samprajvalitai: sarvata: kāyaṃ pariveṣṭayanti punarayo-
mayyāṃ mahatyāṃ lohyāṃ{8 The word lohi is a pot made of iron. kaphali or kaphalika
referred to above, Tib. lcags. zans. Hindi lohiya.} {9 Here MS adds praksipya.}kvathitakṣārapūrṇāyā {10 Omitted in Tib.}mādīptāyāṃ pradīptāyāṃ samprajvali-
tāyāṃ te sattvā [6] ūrdhvapādā{11 Omitted in Tib.} avāṅmukhā: prakṣipyante | prakṣiptāścātapyante 
santapyante{12 For these two last words. Tib. akvathyante sankvathyante
(or prakv^) respectively (kun. bskol. zin. rab. tu. bskol te).} ūrdhvamapi gacchanto’dho’pi gacchantastiryagapi gacchanto yataśca 
[24 ka] saṅkīrṇatvaṅmāṃsaśoṇitā bhavantyasthiśaṅkalā{13 Evidently for srinkhala; Tib. kankala (ken. rus).}mātrāvaśiṣṭā: [7] | 
tadāpunarutkṣipyotkṣipyāyomayyāṃ pṛthivyāṃ pratiṣṭhāpyante | tata: sañjātatvaṅmāṃsa-
śoṇitā: punarapi prakṣipyante | śeṣaṃ tapanavat | tatonidānaṃ ca punardīrghakālaṃ
du:khaṃ [Tib. 44a. 1] pratyanubhavanti | yāvattatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa
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sarvaṃ na parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ | tasmācca puna: sa naraka: pratā-
pana ityucyate ||
tatrāvīcau mahānaraka [2] evaṃrūpaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti | teṣāṃ 
sattvānāṃ pūrvasyāṃ{1 Tib. sar. phyogs. nas. lit. meaning purvasyah; MS purvasyam.
See below, MS diso’nekv.} diśyanekayojanaśatāyā: pṛthivyā ādīptāyā: pradīptāyā: 
samprajvalitāyā agnijvālā [3] vega āgacchati {2 Tib. lit. sah (de). But see above.}yatasteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tvacaṃ 
bhittvā māṃsaṃ bhittvā snāyuṃ chittvāsthi bhittvāsthimajjānaṃ | tadyathā sneha-
varti | evaṃ kṛtsnamāśrayaṃ jvālābhi [4]rvyāpya tiṣṭhati | yathā pūrvasyā 
diśa evaṃ dakṣiṇasyā:{3 MS omits visarga.} paścimāyā{4 MS ^mayam.} uttarasyā diśa: | te ca sattvāstatonidāna-
magniskandharūpā evopalabhyante{5 For upa^. Tib. lit. drsyante (snan).} | miśrībhūte tasmiṃścaturdiśāgate’gniskandhe te 
tatra vīcimapi{6 Used in the sense of avakasa ‘interval’ ‘aperture', Tib. bar.-
scabs, lit. meaning madhyavakasa. For Skt. vici or vicika in Maha
vyutpatti. 1013, we have bar bar. chad meaning antaraya or vighna
‘hindrance’, ‘interruption’. The word is derived from vi anc ‘going 
away’. Sometimes vici means also ‘rest’ ‘leisure'. It is, however, 
suggested that because there is no interruption (vici) of suffering it 
is avici or because there is no happiness “nasti vicih sukham 
atra”-Bhanuji on Amarakosa, 1.9.1. See AK, iii. 149.} [5] nāsādayanti du:khānāṃ vedanānāṃ nānyatra (?){7 So the MS. but clear. For it there is nothing in Tib.} ārtasvaraṃ{8 Read nam (?) for tham in the Xylograph. artasvaram
krandanti is a stock phrase. See mahavyutpatti, 4951.}
krandanto vijñāyante{9 Tib. abhisahante (mnon. par. bzad. do.).} sattvā iti {10 Omitted in Tib.} | punarayomayai: śūrpairayomayānaṅgārā-
nādīptānsamprajvalitānpunanti [6] nipunanti | punarayomayyāṃ pṛthivyāmayo-
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mayānmahāparvatānārohantyapyavatarantyapi{1 So in Tib. hjog. tu hjug. cin. phyir. yan. hbad. tu hjug. go.} | punarmukhājjihvā{2 MS jihvam.} nirgamayyāya:{3 MS nirnamayya; Tib. phyun. ste. phyun is sometimes used 
for Skt. ut- hr ‘to take out.}
śaṅkuśatena vitatā bhavati{4 So the MS.} | sā tathā vitatā [7] vigatavalikā{5 ‘Free from wrinkle’.} vigata-
puṭikā{6 ‘Free from fold’.} ca tadyathārṣabhaṃ carma | punastasyāmevāyomayyāṃ pṛthivyāmuttānakānsthā-
payitvāyomayena viṣkambhanena mukhaṃ viṣkambhayitvā dīptā: pradīptā: sampra-
jvalitā: | ayoguḍā mukheṣu kṣipyante ye teṣāṃ mukha [Tib. 44b. 1] mapi dahanti 
kaṇṭha{7 MS kanvam. See below. Tib. lkog. ma.}mapyantra{8 Tib. rgyu. ma. MS antran api. See below.}mapi dagdhvā ca punaradhobhāgena nirgacchanti | kvathitaṃ tāmra-{9 For tamram Tib. zans, MS tanam (?).}
māsye prakṣipanti | tacca mukhamapi dagdhvā kaṇṭha{10 MS kanvam.}mapyantramapi{11 MS antram.} dagdhvādhobhāgena 
dagdhvādhobhāgena pragharati | śeṣaṃ pratāpanavat | [2] tatonidānaṃ puna-
rdīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti yāvattatpāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa sarvaṃ na
parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ | tasmācca puna: sa narako’vīcirityucyate yatra 
yadbhūyasā [3]nantaryakāriṇa: sattvā upapadyante | tatremānyaudārikāṇi kāra-
ṇāni{12 In the sense of karana Tib. gnod ‘pain’ so below.}parikīrtitāni | na ca punareṣu mahānarakeṣu tadanyāni vicitrākārāṇi 
bahūni kāraṇāni nopalabhyante ||
sāmantanarakeṣu puna[4]revaṃ kāraṇādu:khaṃ sattvā: pratyanubhavanti |
sarva ete mahānarakāścaturdiśaṃ catuṣkandhā{13 See AKV on III. 58 : catuhskandha iti catuhprakara ity-
arthah catuhsamnivesa ity apare.}ścaturdvārā āyasai: prākārai: 
parivāritā: | tatra ca caturdiśaṃ [5] caturbhirdvārai rnirgatyaikaikasmindvāre catvāra 
utsadā{14 MS unmade. Wk. iii, p. 152 : adhikayatanasthanatvad utsadah.
narakavarodhad urdhvam esu kukuladisu sidanty atas ta utsada ity apare.} bhavanti | tadyathā | jānumātraṃ kukūlaṃ | yatte sattvā layanagaveṣiṇo
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‘nvākrāmanti | [6] te tatra prapatitā: saśira:pādakā nimagnāstiṣṭhanti |
[24 kha] [7] tatra ca kuṇape gūthamṛttike{1 Tib. adds savavad durgandhe (ro. ltar. mnam. pa. de. na.)} kīṭā:{2 Tib. hbu; MS kutanam. Tib. adds the name as (lit.) tiksna-
dhara (mchu. rnon.)} prāṇino ye teṣāṃ 
sattvānāṃ tvacamapi cchidrayanti māṃsamapi snāyvasthyapi bhindanti  
[Tib. 45a. |] tato’sthimajjānamāsādya vilikhanti ||
tasya khalu kuṇapasya gūthamṛttikasya samanantaraṃ sa[nnihita] {3 Tib. drun. nid. na.}meva kṣuradhārā-
cita: patho{4 So below evidently, nominative.} yaṃ{5 MS yat.} te sattvā layanagaveṣiṇo’nvākramante | tatra teṣāṃ nikṣipte 
pāde sañchidyate [2]tvaṅmāṃsaśoṇitaṃ | punarutkṣipte pāde sañjāyate tvanmāṃsa-
śoṇitaṃ ||
tasya khalu kṣuradhārācitasya patha: {6 See p. 86, 1. 15.} samanantaraṃ sa[nni]hitamevāsi-
patravanaṃ | tatra te sattvā abhigamya layanagaveṣiṇa [3] stacchāyāmāse-
vanti | tatra teṣāmadhastānniṣaṇṇānāṃ vṛkṣāda{7 Tib. sin. las. MS vrntat.}saya: patanti ye teṣāṃ sattvānā-
maṅgapratyaṅgāni cchindrayanti vyatibhindanti | teṣāṃ tatra patitānāṃ [4] 
śyāmaśabalā nāma{8 MS chandrayanti, evidently for chidrayanti as below. Tib. 
reads rnam. par. gsigs. lit. vinasayanti.} śvāna āgatya pṛṣṭhī{9 Xylograph is here indistinct.}vaṃśānutpāṭyotpāṭya bhakṣayanti ||
tasya khalvasipatravanasya samanantaraṃ sannihitamevāya:śālmalīvanaṃ 
yatte sattvā layanagaveṣiṇo’bhigamyābhirohanti | teṣāṃ tatrābhirohatāmadhomukhī-
bhavanti kaṇṭakā: | [5] avataratāmurdhvībhavanti kaṇṭakā ye [te] ṣāmaṅgapratyaṅgāni 
cchidrayanti vyatibhindanti | tatra cāyastuṇḍānāma vāyasā ye teṣāṃ 
sattvānāmaṃse vā śirasi [6] vābhinipatya{10 MS abhinidayitva (?) ; Tib. illegible.}bhittvākṣi{11 MS aksa. Tib. mig.}tārakā utpāṭyot-
pāṭya bhakṣayanti ||
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tasya khalvaya:śālmalīvanasya samanantaraṃ sannihitameva vaitaraṇī nadī 
pūrṇā kvathitasya kṣārodakasya yatra te sattvā layanagaveṣiṇa: prapatanti | ta
ūrdhvamapi gacchanta: [7] khidyante pacyante | adhastiryagapi gacchanta: svidyante 
pacyante | [25 ka] tadyathā nāma mudrā vā māṣā kolā{1 Evidently for kuvalah. The word kuvala when masculine
means aJujube tree (zizyphus Jujuba; when neuter it means a fruit 
of that tree.} vā kulatthā vodārāgni-
sampradīptodakāyāṃ sthālyāṃ prakṣiptā: | tasyā: khalu nadyā [Tib. 45b. |] ubhayata-
stīre daṇḍahastā baḍiśahastā [jālahastā]{2 Tib. lag. na. rgya. thogs.} sattvā vyavasthitā ye teṣāṃ sattvānā-
mudgantumapi na prayacchanti baḍiśoddhārikayā vā jāloddhārikayā vā punaruddhṛtyo-
dārāgni[2]santaptāyāṃ bhūmāvuttānakānpratiṣṭhāpya pṛcchanti hambho: sattvā:
kimicchatha | ta evamāhu: | na jānīmo vayamapi na paśyāma: apitu bubhukṣitā: 
sma: | tataste sattvāsteṣāṃ sattvānāmayomayena viṣkambhanena [3] mukhaṃ viṣkambha-
yitvāyoguḍānu{3 MS ^gunam.}dārāgnisantaptānāsye prakṣipanti pūrvavat | sacetpunarevaṃ
vadanti pipāsitā: sma: | tataste tathaiva kvathitaṃ tāmramāsye prakṣipanti |
tatonidānaṃ ca punardīrghakālaṃ du:khaṃ [4] pratyanubhavanti | yāvattannaraka-
vedanīyaṃ pāpakamakuśalaṃ karma sarveṇa sarvaṃ na parikṣīṇaṃ bhavati vyantīkṛtaṃ ||
tatra yaśca kṣuradhārācita: patho{4 See p. 85, 1. 9.} yaccāsipatravanaṃ [5] yaccāya:śālmalīvanaṃ
yā ca vaitaraṇī nadī ayameka utsada iti kṛtvā catvāra utsadā bhavanti ||
tatra śītanarake{5 AK, III. 59.}ṣūpapannā: sattvā evaṃrūpaṃ śītadu:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti [6] |
arbudopapannā: sattvāstadbhūmikenodāreṇa śītena spṛṣṭā arbudavatsarvāśrayeṇa 
saṅkocamāpadyante | tasmācca sa narako’rbuda ityucyate ||
tatra nirarbude’yaṃ viśeṣa: | [7] arbudanirgata{6 So the MS. Tib. lit. arbudanirgama iva^ reading chu. bur.
rdol. ba. bzin. du.}mivārbudaṃ saṅkocamāpadyate |
tasmācca narako nirarbuda ityucyate ||
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tatrāṭaṭo{1 Our Xylograph has so. thams. thams, but mahavyutpatti, 4931, 
reads so. tham. thams. pa.} hahavo [huhuvo]{2 Tib. a. chu. zer. ba. See AK. III. 59} vāgabhilāpa{3 Tib. tshig. du. brjod. las; MS vagvilapa.} kṛtametatteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ [Tib. 46a. 1]
nāmavyavasthānaṃ ||
utpale puna: śītanarake tadbhūmikenodāreṇa śītena spṛṣṭā vyānīlāya-
mānā: pañcadhā ṣaḍdhā tvacāṃ sphoṭamāpadyante | tasmācca sa naraka [2] utpala
ityucyate ||
tatra padme’yaṃ viśeṣa: | nīlatāṃ samatikramya vyālohitāyamānā da[śa-]
dhā vā bhūyo vā tvacāṃ sphoṭamāpadyante | tasmācca sa naraka: padma ityucyate ||
tatra mahāpadme’yaṃ [3] viśeṣa: | bhṛśataraṃ vyālohitāyamānā śatadhā vā 
bhūyo vā tvacāṃ sphoṭamāpadyante | tasmācca sa mahānarako mahāpadma ityucyate ||{4 Here are eight Sita Mahanarakas, but sometimes there are ten, 
some of them with different names. See Suttanipata (Kokaliyasutta, 
36), Samyutta Nikaya i. 152, and specially Ak. iii. p 154.}
pratyeka [4] narakeṣu punarutpannā: sattvā evaṃrūpaṃ pratyekaṃ pratyekamātma-
bhāveṣu svakarmopanipāti du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti | tadyathā lakṣmaṇena pṛṣṭo 
modgalyāyano [5] vistareṇodāhṛtavānyathāsūtrameva | tasmācca sa naraka: pratyeka-
naraka ityucyate || 
tatra tiryañco’nyonyaṃ vipraghātikāṃ kurvanti yathā durbalaghātikāṃ |
tatonidānaṃ ca du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti | asvatantrāśca bādhyante{5 Tib. gsod; MS. vahyante.} [6] tāḍyante nudyante |
upakaraṇabhūtāśca bhavanti devamanuṣyāṇāṃ | tatonidāna{6 So the MS.}mapi [7] vicitrāṇi 
[25 kha] du:khāni pratisaṃvedayanti ||
pretā: puna samāsatastrividhā bahirbhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā [7] adhyātmaṃ
bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇāśca ||
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tatra bahirbhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā: katame | ye sattvā mātsaryasyādhimātra-
māsevitatvātpretāyatana upapannā: | te ca [Tib. 46b. 1] bhavanti kṣutpipāsā-
yogātsaṃśuṣka{1 Tib. bsags. pa. MS van.} tvaṅmāṃsaśoṇitā dagdhasthūṇākṛtaya: [2] keśānukārairmukhai: 
kṣutpipāsāparigatavadanā: saṃśuṣkamukhā lelihamānajihvā sambhrāntavadanā-
[2] stena tenānvāhiṇḍantyutsasarastaḍāgeṣu | tatra cāparairasihastai: pāśahastai-
stomarahastai: sattvaistebhya utsasarastaḍāgebhyo [3] nivāryante | tacca pānīyaṃ 
pūyaśoṇitaṃ paśyanti | tena svayamevāpātukāmatā santiṣṭhate | ima evaṃrūpā: 
pretā bahirdhābhojana [3] pānakṛtāvaraṇā: ||
adhyātmaṃ bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā: [4] katame | tadyathā sūcīmukhā 
ulkāmukhā galagaṇḍakāśca mahodarā: | tathā hi te svayameva parairakṛtāvaraṇā
labdhvāpi bhojanapānaṃ na śaknuvanti bhoktuṃ vā pātuṃ vā | [5] ima evaṃrūpā: 
pretā adhyātmaṃ bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā: ||
bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā: katame | santi jvālāmālino{2 In the xylograph read me. lce. for mi. lce. lit. meaning
agni-jvala `flame of fire.} nāma pretā yeṣāṃ 
bhuktaṃ bhuktaṃ pītaṃ pītaṃ sarvamavadahyate [6] yenaiṣāṃ kṣutpipāsādu:khaṃ na kadā-
cida{3 Omitted in Tib.}paiti ||
santi ca pretā avaskara{4 This word means both excrement and dirt. Here it is to be
taken in the latter sense. Tib. reading ljan. ljin.}bhakṣā nāma ya ekatye’medhyaṃ bhakṣayanti prasrāvaṃ 
pibanti | yadvāśuci durgandhamāmagandhaṃ pratikūlaṃ pratikruṣṭaṃ tacchaknuvanti bhakṣa-
yituṃ vā pātuṃ vā | apyeke svamāṃsamapyutkṛtya bhakṣayanti | yattu bhavati śuci
vā praṇītaṃ vā tanna śaknuvanti bhoktuṃ vā pātuṃ vā | ima evaṃrūpā: pretā
bhojanapānakṛtāvaraṇā ityucyante ||
tatra manuṣyeṣūpapannā: [Tib. 47a. |] sattvā evaṃrūpaṃ vighāta{5 Tib. phons ‘misfortune’. ‘poverty’.}du:khaṃ
pratyanubhavanti | sahajaṃ tāvatkṣutpipāsāvighātadu:khaṃ | icchāvighātikaṃ 
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kadaśanavighātadu:khaṃ | aupakramikaṃ paryeṣṭi [2] pariśramādivighātadu:khaṃ 
ṛtupariṇāmikaṃ śītoṣṇavighātadu:khaṃ | pārisravikamagārādyanāvaraṇa{1 Tib. ^anaraksana^ (ma. skyabs) for anavarana^.}kṛtaṃ 
vighātadu:khaṃ | [3] vyavahārasamucchedikamandhakārādyāvaraṇakṛtaṃ vighātadu:khaṃ |
tathā paribhoga (?) {2 MS bheda. Tib. too is not so clear, reading lons. su. hgyur. ba.}jarādu:khaṃ vyādhidu:khaṃ maraṇadu:khaṃ | tathā hi narakeṣu 
maraṇa [4] meva sukhaṃ manyate | atastatra tan{3 Omitted in Tib.} na du:khaṃ vyavasthāpyate ||
deveṣu ca marmacchedo nāsti | asti ca cyavanapatanadu:khaṃ | yathoktaṃ{4 Jataka, I. 11.} |
cyavamānasya devaputrasya pañca pūrvanimittāni prādurbhavanti | asaṃkliṣṭāni vāsāṃsi 
[5] kliśyante | amlānapūrvā mālā mlāyanti | kakṣābhyāṃ svedo mucyate |
daurgandhyaṃ kāye ca krāmati | sva āsane devo vā devaputro vā na ramate || tasya 
tasminsamaye pariṣaṇḍe{5 Tib. hkhor. gyi. nan. du generally for parisande. `a parti-
cular part of a house.’ Tib. ban. rim.} pari[ga]{6 MS paritasya (?) ta, Tib. hdus. pa. lit. samgatasya samnipatitasya.}ta [6]sya tā apsarasastadanyairdevaputrai: sārdhaṃ 
paricaranti | sa tā{7 de. dag; MS tam.} dṛṣṭvā tato nidānaṃ maha[d] [26 ka] du:khadaurmanasyaṃ{8 See below, MS duhkham daurmanasyam; Tib. sdug. bsnal. ba.
dag. yid. me. bde. ba.} 
pratisaṃvedayate | {9 Tib. adds. iti tritiyam iva (?) reading zes. gsum. pa. lta. buho.}tathā madga {10 For manku, as in Divyavadana, pp 633, 1. 24, and in
Pali. It is used also in the satapatha Brahmana. See below, p. 90.
1. 15. madgu, a dialectical variation.}bhāvakṛtamapi [7] du:khaṃ pratyanubhavati | tat 
kasya heto: | tathā hi | tatra yo vistīrṇatareṇa puṇyaskandhena samanvāgato 
bhavati tasya divyā: pañca kāmaguṇā udāratarā: prādurbhavanti | tatra tadanyeṣāṃ 
nikṛṣṭapuṇyatarāṇāṃ [Tib. 47b. |] devaputrāṇāṃ dṛṣṭvā madgubhāva: santiṣṭhate |
tato nidānaṃ vipulaṃ du:khadaurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayati | tathā chedanabhedanapravā-
sa(? bādha ?)naghātaka{11 Tib. bsad. pa.}du:khamapi pratyanubhavati | tatkasya heto: | tathā hi 
[2] devāsure saṃgrāme pratyupasthite anyonyaṃ devā asurāśca prativiruddhāścatu-
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rvidhānyastrāṇyādāya suvarṇamayāni rūpyamayāni sphaṭikamayāni vaidūryamayāni 
saṃgrāme saṃgrāmayanti | tatra ca devānāṃ vāsurāṇāṃ vā [3] aṅgapratyaṅgacchedo 
bhavati | kāyabhedo’pi bhavati{1 Tib. adds here gsod. for bsod. (actually bsod.) pa. yan. yod.
do. (vadho’pi bhavati).} | teṣāmaṅgapratyaṅgāni chinnāni punarapi 
jāyante | bhinnaśca kāya: punarapi virohati | yadā tu śiraśchinnaṃ bhavati 
tadā vadhamanuprāpnuvanti | [4] tata ekadā devā: parājīyante ekadā asurā: 
{2 Tib. does not support yad.}yadbhūyasā tu devā jayanti prabhūtabalatayā | tayorye parājīyante teṣāṃ svaṃ 
puraṃ praviṣṭānāṃ{3 Tib. zugs. MS pravistanam. So below.} nirvṛti: |{4 Tib. adds tatra pravisya (der. zugs. nas)} [5] na te’nyonyaṃ punargamyā{5 According to Tib. dhrisya (tsugs) `to be attacked’.} bhavanti | tatra{6 MS adds here anupravistah not supported by Tib. See Note 4.} devāścā-
surakanyānāmarthe’surai: sārdhaṃ prativiruddhā: | asurāścaturvidhāyā: sudhāyā 
arthe devai: sārdhaṃ prativiruddhā: | asurāśca [6] devagatisaṃgṛhītā eva draṣṭavyā: |
te tu māyāvino vañcanābhiprāyā māyāśāṭhyabahulā: | ato na tathā śukladharmāṇāṃ 
bhājanabhūtāstadyathā devā: | ata ekadā [7] sūtrāntareṣu pṛthaggatinirddeśena 
nirdiṣṭā: | [te]{7 Tib. de dag.} surā eva samānā na suradharmamādāya vartante | tasmāda-
surā: | balavattaraśca devaputra: {8 Tib. adds here ati-(ches.)}kupita: samāno durbalataraṃ devaputraṃ [Tib. 48a. 
1] svasmādbhavanātpracyāvayati pravāsayati | tasmāddevāstrividhaṃ du:khaṃ 
pratyanubhavanti cyavanapatanadu:khaṃ madgubhāvadu:khaṃ chedanabhedanavadhapravāsanadu:khaṃ ca ||
[rūpārūpyāvacarā:]
[2] rūpārūpyāvacarāṇāṃ sattvānāṃ nāsti sarvaśa eva {9 Tib. de. dag; MS tu for tad.}tadda:khaṃ |
du:khāyā vedanāyā yasmātte sattvā na bhājanabhūtā: | api tu [3] dauṣṭhulya-
du:khena te’pi du:khitā: sakleśatvātsāvaraṇatvāccyutau sthāne vāsvatantratvāt |
anāsravo dhātu: sarvadauṣṭhulyadu:khasamucchinna: | [4] tasmātparamārthatastadeva 
sukhaṃ | sarvamanyaddu:khaṃ veditavyaṃ ||
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tatra narakeṣu caturvidheṣvapi sukhapratisaṃvedanā nāsti | yathā narake-
ṣvevaṃ trividheṣu{1 Not in Tib.} preteṣu | [5] mahardhikeṣu{2 Tib. rdsu. hphrul.
chen. po. MS -tsvetam (apparent for -sv evam adhikesu} preteṣu{3 Tib. yi. dags; MS tiryaksu.} manuṣyeṣu ca bahirmukhanirgata-
{4 ? Tib. phyi. rol. du. bltas. pa. las. byun. pahi.}mupakaraṇasukhaṃ du:khavyatikīrṇavyatimiśramupalabhyate ||
tatra manuṣyeṣu cakravartisukhamagryaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ [6] praṇītaṃ | cakra[26 kha]varto 
punarloka utpadyamāna: saptaratnasamanvāgata utpadyate | yasyemānyevaṃ bhūtāni 
saptaratnāni bhavanti | tadyathā cakraratnaṃ [hastiratna]{5 Tib. glan. po. rin. po. che. See mahavyutpatti, CLXXXII, 
9-16; Digha Nikaya, I. 89.}maśvaratnaṃ maṇi[7]ratnaṃ 
strīratnaṃ gṛhapatiratnaṃ pariṇāyakaratnameva saptamaṃ ||
kathaṃ rūpamasya tasminsamaye cakraratnaṃ sambhavatīti yathāsūtrameva [Tib. 48b. 1]
saptānāṃ ratnānāṃ prādurbhāvo vaktavya: ||
tatra cāturdvīpikasya koṭṭarājāna: svayamevopanamanti | ime devasya janapadā: |
tāndeva samanuśāsatu{6 So the MS.} | vayaṃ devasyā[nu]yātrikā{7 Tib. rjes. su. mchig. lags. so. ; for mchig. lags. (?) one may expect qcod. pa.} bhaviṣyāma: | tatra 
rājā cakra[2]vartyājñāpayati | tena hi yūyaṃ grāmaṇya:{8 Lit. for this Tib. is gron. gi. bdag, but in our text it has
gtso. bo. dag, for which Skt. has mukhayah ‘chiefs’.} svakasvakavijitāni 
samanuśāsata dharmeṇa mādharmeṇa | mā ca vo’dharmacāriṇo viṣamacāriṇo rāṣṭre
[3] vāso roceta{9 Tib. has, however, ma. gzug. sign (?).} | tridvīpikasya dūtasampreṣaṇenopanamanti | dvidvīpikasya 
vyuttiṣṭhante | ākalitāścopa [4] namanti |
devā punarmahatīṃ svargabhūmiṃ pratyanubhavanti varṇavanto ratibahulā: sveṣu
vimāneṣu cirasthitaya: | te’ntarbahi:kāyena śucayo nirāmagandhā: | [5]
teṣāṃ yānyaśucidravyāṇi | tadyathā rajo malamasthisnāyuśirāvṛkkāhṛdayā-
dīni{10 MS-dayah.} tadyathā manuṣyāṇāṃ | tāni na bhavanti | caturvidhāni ca teṣāṃ vimā-
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nāni bhavanti | suvarṇamayāni rūpya [6] mayāni sphaṭikamayāni vaidūrya-
mayāni | nānābhaktivicitritāni kūṭāgāraramaṇīyāni harmya (?){1 MS tiha. Tib. ba. gam. which means a ‘dome’ on the top of a
house. The Skt. word attala ‘watch-tower’ and harmya are used for 
it. See the next word in the text.}ramaṇīya-
kāni harmya{2 For harmya. Tib, has bsil. khan. lit. hima-or sitala-grha
`cool house’.}ramaṇīyakāni vedikāramaṇīyakāni [7] jālavātāyanaramaṇīya-
kāni nānāmaṇipratyarpitā{3 Tib. lit. maniganakhacitani. (nor. buhi. tshogs. kyis. spras. 
sin. See below (Tib. 49a. 4).}nyāmuktāvabhāsāni samantato bhānti ||
tathā bhojanavṛkṣā yato bhojanaṃ caturvidhā sudhā [Tib. 49a. 1] nirvartate |
nīlā pītā lohitāvadātā | evaṃ pānavṛkṣā yato madhumādhavaṃ{4 Here madhava means madhu-, madya (Tib. sbran. chan)
`intoxicating drink from honey’.} pānaṃ{5 Omitted in Tib.} nirvartate |
yānavṛkṣā yato [2] vicitrāṇi yānāni nirvartante rathayugma {6 Tib. khyogs. gyogs. ‘covered palanquin’ (dola).}śivikāprabhṛtīni ||
vastravṛkṣā yato vividhāni vastrāṇi sūkṣmāṇi [sthūlāni]{7 Tib. che. son.} suśuklāni 
nānāvidharaṅgāṇi suvarṇa [3] bhaktivicitritāni prādurbhavanti | alaṅkāravṛkṣā 
yato vividhā alaṅkārā nirvartante maṇaya: keyūrā: kuṇḍalāni harṣā(:) {8 A kind of neck ornament, hāsuli (?)}kaṭakā
hastābharaṇāni pādābharaṇāni | eva [4] mbhāgīyā vicitrā: alaṅkārā
vicitramaṇipratyarpitā:{9 See Tib. 48b. 7.} prādurbhavanti || gandhadhūpamālyavṛkṣā yato vicitrā 
gandhā vividhā dhūpā vividhāni mālyāni | [5] yeṣāṃ pāriyātraka: kovi-
dāro’gra: śreṣṭho vara: praṇīta: | tasya pañca yojanāni mūlābhiniveśa:{10 Tib. omits abhinivesa} | yojana-
śatamuñca: | aśītiyojanāni śākhāpatra [6] palāśaṃ spharitvā tiṣṭhati |
tasya sarvapariphullasya yojanaśatamanuvātaṃ gandho vāti | pañcāśadyojanāni 
prativātaṃ | tasya cādhastāddevāsrayastriṃśāścaturo vārṣikā{11 Here according to Tib. varsika means ‘of the year’.}nmāsān [7] divyai: 
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pañcabhi: kāmaguṇai: krīḍanti || tathā hāsyanṛtyagītavāditavṛkṣā yato hāsya-
[nṛtya] {1 Tib. gar.}gītavāditānāṃ vicitrāṇi bhājanāni [27 ka] nirvartante ||
tathā [Tib. 49b. 1] bhāṇḍopaskaravṛkṣā yato vicitrā bhāṇḍopaskarā 
nirvartante | tadyathā [bhojana] {2 Tib. kha. zas.}bhāṇḍopaskara: pānabhāṇḍopaskara: śayanāsana-
bhāṇḍopaskara ityevambhāgīyo bhāṇḍopaskara: | [2] teṣāṃ yathepsitaṃ yathākarma
tānyupakaraṇānyupabhoktukāmānāṃ haste prādurbhavanti ||
tatsadṛśo{3 Tib. de. dan. hdra. bar; MS tadanusadrisair.}vimānavibhūtisukhaparibhogaścāsurāṇāmapi [3] veditavya: ||
uttareṣu puna: kuruṣvevaṃrūpā eva vṛkṣā kalpavṛkṣā ityucyante | yataste 
vṛkṣādeva svayaṃ gṛhṇanti no tu cintitaṃ haste santiṣṭate | akṛṣṭoptaśca tatra śāli: |
amamāśca te [4] sattvā aparigrahā niyataṃ ca viśeṣagāmina: ||
tatra ca śakrasya devendrasya sarvaśreṣṭho vaijayanta: prāsādo [5] yatraikaviṃśati{4 MS. ekavimsatam.}-
rniryūha{5 A kind of turret.}śataṃ | niryūhe niryūhe kūṭāgāraśataṃ | kūṭāgāre kūṭāgāre saptāva-
varakā:{6 Tib. khan. mig. Generally avavaraka is found as apavaraka 
an inner apartment.} | avavarake’vavarake saptāpsarsa: | apsaraso’psarasa: sapta [sapta]{7 Tib. bdun. bdun.}
paricārikā: ||
sarvaśca bhūmibhāgo devānāṃ [6] pāṇitalasamo{8 After devanam MS reads samah and has pani^ jatah for pani^
tala-samah, for which Tib. has lag. mthil. bzin. du. mnam.} notkūlanikūla:{9 In such cases kula means `declivity, slope’. In Xylograph read
mtho. dman for mthon. dman.}
sparśakṣamaśca | nikṣipte pāde sa namati | utkṣipte pāda unnamati | jānu-
mātraṃ ca nityakālaṃ mandārakai:{10 Tib. and Buddhist Skt. mandarava for mandaraka.} puṣpairavakīrṇastiṣṭhati | tatra purāṇāni 
puṣpāṇi [7] vāyurapaharati | navāni puṣpāṇyupasaṃharati ||
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tasyāśca devapuryāścaturdiśaṃ vīthyo’bhirūpā darśanīyā [Tib. 50a. 1]
[vicitrā:]{1 Tib. rnam. pa. sna. tshogs.} sumāpitā: | catvāri ca caturdiśaṃ dvārāṇi māpitānyabhirūpāṇi 
darśanīyāni prāsādikāni vicitrābhirūpaprabhūtapakṣādhiṣṭhitāni |{2 Tib. omits dvarani^ dhisthitani.} cattvāri
codyānāni caturdiśameva | tadyathā caitrarathaṃ pāruṣakaṃ{3 Mahavyutpatti has Parusaka (v. 1. Parusya) and Misraka (4196 and 4195) respectively.} miśrakaṃ nandanavanaṃ ca |
tata: pareṇa catasra: saubhūmayo’bhirūpā darśanīyā: prāsādikā: [2] uttara-
pūrveṇa ca devapūryā: sudharmā devasabhā yatra devā: praviśyārthaṃ cintayanti tula-
yantyupaparīkṣante | tasya ca sāmantakena pāṇḍukambalaśilā śvetābhirūpā darśa-
nīyā [3] prāsādikā | te ca devā: svayaṃprabhā: | teṣāṃ rātrinimi-
ttāni prādurbhavanti | yatasteṣāmevaṃ bhavati pratyupasthitā rātrirniryāto divasa: |
tadyathālasyaṃ pañcabhi: kāmaguṇairakrīḍitukāmatā styānamiddhaṃ | śakunayaśca 
[4] na nikūjanta ityevaṃbhāgīyāni nimittāni ||
te rātriṃ divasānyekāntasukhasaumanasyasamarpitā divyai: pañcabhi: kāma-
[5] guṇai: ramamāṇā ekāntapramādavaśagā nṛtyaśabdai[rgītaśabdai]{4 Tib. gluhi. sgra. rnams.}rvāditaśabdai-
rnaṭanartakahāsakalāsaka{5 Tib. hjo. sgeg.}śabdai: | [6] vicitraiśca rūpadarśanairekāntamanojñai: |
vicitraiśca gandhairekāntasurabhibhi: | vicitraiśca rasairekāntasvādubhi: | vicitraiśca
spraṣṭavyairapsara:pradhānai [7] rekānta-[27 kha] sukhasparśairapahṛtamānasā: kāla-
matināmayanti | idamevaṃrūpaṃ devā: sukhaṃ pratyanubhavanti | na ca teṣāṃ 
vyādhirna paribhedo na jaropa{6 Tib. omits upa^}labhyate | na ca sahajaṃ [Tib. 50b. 1] du:khaṃ 
bhojanapānavidhātakṛtaṃ | nāpi tadanyāni {7 MS adds here vighata-}du:khāni pūrvavattadyathā manuṣyeṣu ||
[rūpāvacarā:]
rūpāvacarā devā: prathamadhyānabhūmikā vivekajaṃ prītisukhaṃ pratyanubhavanti |
dvitīyadhyānabhūmikā: [2] samādhijaṃ prītisukhaṃ pratyanubhavanti | tṛtīya-
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dhyānabhūmikā niṣprītikaṃ sukhamaṇḍaṃ{1 So the MS. For manda Tib., which is very indistinct here,
seems to read smin. po., but according to Skt. we want here snin. po. 
The word manda may be taken here in the sense of sara 'pith’.} pratyanubhavanti | caturthadhyānabhūmikā
upekṣāsmṛtipariśuddhaṃ śāntaṃ{2 Tib. zi. bahi.} sukhaṃ pratyanubhavantyāniñjyaṃ ||
[ārūpyāvacarā:]
[3] ārūpyotpannā[:] śāntavimokṣikaṃ sukhaṃ pratyanubhavanti |
api khalu ṣaḍbhirviśeṣai{3 Here Tib. text seems to be defective, after ^visesaih there being
only parimanavisesena (tshad. kyi. bye. brag. dan).}rdu:khaviśeṣo veditavya: sukhaviśeṣo vā | pari-
māṇaviśeṣeṇa saukumāryaviśeṣeṇa pratyayaviśeṣeṇa kālaviśeṣeṇa cittaviśeṣeṇa 
āśrayaviśeṣeṇa ca | yathā yathā sukumāratara:{4 The word ^tarah (Tib. sin. tu). is omitted in MS.} kāyo{5 Tib. lit. mamsa (sa).} bhavati tathā tathā
du:khaviśeṣo bhavati | yathā yathā sukumāratara āśrayo bhavati tathā tathā 
du:khaviśeṣo bhavati{6 This sentence is omitted in Tib.} | yathā yathā pratyayāstīvratarā: [4] pracuratarā 
vicitratarā bhavanti tathā tathā du:khaviśeṣo bhavati | yathā yathā 
kālo dīrghataro nirantaraśca bhavati tathā tathā du:khaviśeṣo bhavati | yathā 
yathā pratisaṃkhyānabalikataraṃ{7 Tib. so. sor. ma. brtags. sin. tu. stobs.} cittaṃ [5] bhavati tathā tathā du:khaviśeṣo 
bhavati | yathā yathāśrayo{8 Tib. lit. dehah (lus).} du:khabhājanabhūtataro bhavati tathā tathā du:kha-
viśeṣo bhavati ||
yathā du:khaviśeṣa evaṃ sukhaviśeṣo’pi vistareṇa yathāyogaṃ vedi[6]tavya: ||
api khalu dvividhaṃ sukhamanāryadhanajamāryadhanajaṃ ca | tatrānāryadhanajaṃ sukhaṃ 
yaccatvāryupakaraṇāni pratītyotpadyate{9 Tib. brten. nas. byun. baho.} | tuṣṭyupakaraṇaṃ puṣṭyupakaraṇaṃ{10 Tib. reading lta. bahi. yo. byad suggests drstyupa^. Note on 
p. 96, 1.4 the MS has pustyupa^ and not tustyupa as printed.} [7] śuddhyu-
pakaraṇaṃ sthityupakaraṇaṃ ca ||
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tatra tuṣṭyupakaraṇaṃ | tadyathā yānaṃ{1 Tib. not clear.} vastramalaṅkāro hāsyanṛtyagītavāditaṃ 
gandha{2 Tib. adds here –puspa-(me. tog.).}mālyavilepanaṃ vicitrapraṇītabhāṇḍopaskaratā [Tib. 51a. 1] āloka-
strīpuruṣa{3 According to Tib. we are to take here dvandva or co-ordinative
compound with these three words.} paricaryā kośasannidhiśca ||
tatra tuṣṭyupakaraṇaṃ | tadyathā ānanda {4 Tib. though here not legible seems to read dgah. ba. la.;
MS atarkka, it cannot be explained.}vyāyāma[:] śilācakravyāyāma-
[o] gadācakravyāyāma [2] ityevaṃbhāgīyaṃ ||
tatra śuddhyupakaraṇaṃ | tadyathā darbha{5 Tib. adds here –durva- which is transliterated.}śaṅkhabilvaṃ pūrṇakumbha ityevaṃbhāgīyaṃ ||
tatra sthityupakaraṇaṃ bhojanaṃ pānaṃ ||{6 In Tib. here ends Bam. po. V.}
tatrārya [3] dhanajaṃ sukhaṃ yatsaptāryāṇi dhanāni pratītyotpadyate śraddhādhanaṃ śīla-
dhanaṃ hrīdhanamapatrāpyadhanaṃ śrutadhanaṃ tyāgadhanaṃ prajñādhanaṃ ||
tatra [4] pañcadaśabhirākārairanāryadhanajātsukhādāryadhanajaṃ sukhaṃ viśiṣyate |
katamai: pañcadaśabhi: | anāryadhanajaṃ sukhaṃ duścaritasamutthānāya [5] bhavati |
āryadhanajaṃ tu na tathā{7 For na tatha Tib. reads sucaritasamutthapanaya bhavati
(legs. par. spyod. par. kun. nas. slon. ba. yin. no.)} | punaranāryadhanajaṃ sukhaṃ sāvadyaratisamprayuktaṃ [ārya-
dhanajaṃ [6] tvanavadyaratisamprayuktaṃ |]{8 Tib. hphags. pahi. nor. las. byun. ba. la. ni. kha. na. ma. tho.
ba. med. la. dgah. ba. dan. ldan. pa. yin. no.} punaranāryadhanajaṃ sukhaṃ parīttamakṛtsnā-
śrayavyāpitayā | āryadhanajamudāraṃ [28ka] [7] kṛtsnāśrayavyāpitayā |
punaranāryadhanajaṃ na sārvakālikaṃ bahi:pratyayādhīnatayā | āryadhanajaṃ tu sārva-
kālikamadhyātmapratyayādhīnatayā | punaranāryadhanajaṃ [Tib. 51b. 1] na 
sārvabhūmikaṃ kāmāvacaratvādeva | āryadhanajaṃ puna: sārvabhūmikaṃ traidhātukāva-
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caramapratisaṃyuktaṃ ca || punaranāryadhanajaṃ [2] nāyatyā[m] āryānāryadhanā-
vāhakaṃ{1 So the MS here and below. Tib. reads thob. pa. byed. pa.
which suggests prapaka and thus supports vahaka.} āryadhanajaṃ tvāyatyāmāryānārya{2 Tib. omits here arya.}dhanāvāhakaṃ || punaranāryadhanaja-
mupabhujyamānaṃ [3] parikṣayaṃ paryādānaṃ gacchati | āryadhanajaṃ tu niṣevyamāṇaṃ 
{3 Tib. che. ba. MS prtha-}pṛthu{4 Tib. puts it after udakena which follows.}vṛddhivaipulyatāṃ gacchati || punaranāryadhanajaṃ parairācchedyaṃ rājabhirvā caurairvā
pratyarthibhirvāgninā vodakena vā | [4] āryadhanajaṃ tvanācchedyaṃ || punarārya-
dhanajamita ādāyāgamanīyaṃ | āryadhanajaṃ punarita ādāya gamanīyaṃ || [5] 
punaranāryadhanajaṃ niṣevyamāṇaṃ na tṛptaye{5 Tib. lit. paryaptijnanaya (chog. ses. pa.) For trpti in Tib.
we have noms. pa, or tsim. pa.} bhavati | āryadhanajaṃ tu niṣevyamāṇaṃ 
niṣṭhā{6 Tib. mthah generally meaning anta.}gamanatastṛptaye bhavati || punaranāryadhanajaṃ sabhayaṃ [6] savairaṃ sopadravaṃ 
saparidāddaṃ | na cāyatyāṃ du:khaprahāṇāya bhavati || tatra sabhayamanāgatāyā du:kho-
tpatterāśaṅkāpadasthānabhūtatvāt | [7] tatra savairaṃ kalahabhaṇḍanavigraha-
vivādasthānabhūtatvāt | sopadravaṃ vyādhijarāmaraṇapadasthānabhūtatvāt | tatra 
saparidāhaṃ [Tib. 52a. 1] kuṣṭhavyādhikaṇḍūvada{7 For-vad (Tib. bzin. du). MS –pada. For kustha- in Tib.
generally we have mdze, or ru-ta, but our Xylograph here
appears to read mi. hdze. For kandu generally gyan. pa. in 
Tib. there is prugs. pa (?) which has no meaning.}pariniṣpannasukhatayā 
viparyāsapadasthānabhūtatvācchokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasyopāyāsapadabhūtatvācca | [2]
tatra nāyatyāṃ du:khaprahāṇāya rāgādikleśopakleśapadasthānabhūtatvāt || ārya-
dhanajaṃ tvabhayamavairamanupadravamapari[3]dāhakaramāyatyāṃ du:khaprahāṇāya | eta-
dviparyayeṇa vistareṇa yathāyogaṃ veditavyaṃ || api khalu pañcabhirākārairbāhyā-
tkāmināṃ kāmaparibhogādāryāṇāṃ prajñājīvināṃ dharmaparibhogo [4] viśiṣyate 
yenārya: prajñājīvyanuttara[#]ṃ prajñājīvikāṃ{8 MS ^jivikanam.} jīvatītyucyate’saṃkliṣṭatvāddharma-
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paribhogasyātyantikatvāddharmaparibhogasyaikāntikatvāddharmaparibhogasyā[5]sādhāraṇa-
tvāttadanyai: prajñājīvibhirdharmaparibhogasya pariniṣpannasukhatvānnihatamārapratyarthi-
katvācca dharmabhogasya ||
tatra kāmināṃ kāmasukhaṃ [6] saumanasyasthānīyamanunayānugataṃ daurmanasyasthānāyaṃ 
pratighānugatamupekṣāsthānīyamapratisaṃkhyāyo{1 For apratisamkhyaya Tib. so. sor. brtags. pa. ma. yin. pa. 
which clearly suggests apratisamkhya. while apratisamkhyaya is
doubtful.} pekṣānugataṃ | natu tathāryaprajñā-
jīvināṃ dharma{2 In Tib. dharma (chos) is omitted.} paribhoga: ||
[7] punaraparaṃ kāmināṃ kāmopabhogasya pūrvā koṭī na prajñāyate | anitya-
tayānyānkāmāṃstyajantyanyān kāmāllaṃ^bhante | ekadā ca na labhante | na tu 
tathāryaprajñājīvināṃ dharmopabhoga: [Tib. 52b. 1] punaraparaṃ kāmināṃ{3 Tib. kaminam (hdod. pa. can); MS kamika.} kāmopabhoge 
vartamānānāṃ tadeva vastvekatyānāṃ saumanasyasthānīyaṃ bhavati | [28 kha]
tadevaikatyānāṃ daurmanasyasthānīyāni vā | puna: kiñcitkālaṃ saumanasyasthānīyāni 
bhavanti | [2] kiñcitkālaṃ daurmanasyasthānīyāni | na tu tathāryaprajñājīvināṃ 
dharmopabhoga: || punaraparaṃ [ito bāhyānāṃ]{4 Tib. hdi. las. phyi. rol. pahi.} saṃtyaktakāmānāṃ{5 Tib. hdod. pa. kun. nas. spans. pa. rnams. ni.} prajñājīvināṃ 
teṣu teṣu{6 These two words are not supported by Tib.} dṛṣṭigateṣu [3] svavikalpa{7 Tib. ran. gi. rtog.}samutthāpiteṣu mithyādhimuktipadeṣu sthāmaśa: 
parāmṛśyābhiniviṣṭacetasāṃ sakāmasaṃkleśo’nuṣakta eva bhavati | vītarāgāṇā-
mapi [4] puna: pratyudāvṛttirbhavati | natu tathāryaprajñājīvināṃ dharmopabhoga: ||
punaraparaṃ {8 Tib. kama-(hdod. pa. la.) for dharma.}dharmopabhogināṃ tadvītarāgāṇāṃ ca laukikānāmapi pariniṣpannaṃ kāmasukhaṃ 
viveka[5]sukhaṃ ca bhavati | mārapratyarthikānugataṃ ca māyopamaṃ pratiśrutkopamaṃ 
pratibimbopamaṃ marīcikopamaṃ stapnopamaṃ māyākṛtālaṅkāropamaṃ ca yatsukhaṃ 
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[tad]{1 Tib. de. la.} vālā: kāmopa [6] bhogino laukikavītarāgāśconmattakopamā: prati-
niṣevante | mattakādyupamāśca nirjitamārasaṃgrāmāśca paribhuñjate | tasmādapari 
niṣpannaśca bhavati anihitamārapratyarthikaśca | [7]natu tathāryaprajñājīvināṃ 
dharmopabhoga: ||
api khalu kathaṃ traidhātukāvacarāṇāṃ sattvānāmāśrayo draṣṭavya: | tadyathā 
saparidāho gaṇḍo dauṣṭhulyānugatatvāt || kathaṃ tasminnāśraye sukhavedanopanipāto 
[Tib. 53a. |] draṣṭavya: | tadyathā saparidāhe gaṇḍe śītasaṃsparśopanipāta: ||
kathaṃ tasminnāśraye du:khavedanopanipāto draṣṭavya: | tadyathā [2] saparidāhe gaṇḍe 
kṣāropanipāta: | kathamasminnāśraye’du:khāsukhavedanopanipāto draṣṭavya: | tadyathā 
tasminneva saparidāhe gaṇḍe śītakṣāravinirmuktaprakṛtiparidāha: || ata eva 
bhagavatā sukhā vedanāpi{2 MS ^vi.} pariṇāmadu:khatayā du:khetyuktā | du:khā: punardu:khā 
du:khatayā | [3] adu:khasukhā vedanā saṃskāradu:khatayā du:khetyuktā ||
yadapyuktamasti sāmiṣā prīti: | asti nirāmiṣā nirāmiṣatarā nirāmiṣa-
tamā [4] prītiriti | tadapi yathāsūtrameva vistareṇa veditavyaṃ dhātudvaya{3 Tib. gnis, but it is not clear.}-
patitaṃ ||
yatpunarbhagavatā saṃjñāvedayitanirodhasukhaṃ sukhānāmagratvena vyavasthāpitaṃ
tadvihārasukha [5] mabhisandhāya no tu vedayitasukhaṃ ||
yadapyuktaṃ trīṇi sukhāni rāgavirāgo dveṣavirāgo mohavirāga iti |
tānyetāni [6] trīṇi du:khānyanāsrava eva dhātāvupalabhyate{4 Tib. vidyate (yod. de).} ||
tasmādebhistribhistribhi: sukhairnityakālaṃ sukha evānāsravo [29 ka] dhātu: ||
[āhāraparibhoga:]
tatrāyamāhāraparibhoga: | tadyathā jātānāṃ bhūtānāṃ traidhātukāvacarāṇāṃ [7]
sattvānāṃ caturbhirāhārai{5 Tib. zas. rnam. pa. bzi. po. rnams. kyis. MS caturbhirakarair.}ryāvadāyu:sthitirbhavati | yāvatā tatra tribhirāhārai:{6 Tib. zas. rnam. pa. gsum. gyis. MS ^akaraih.} sparśena
@100
mana:{1 Tib. yid. la. sems. pa. dan.}sañcetanayā na sarveṣāṃ traidhātukāvacarāṇāṃ sattvānāṃ sthiti [Tib. 53b. 1]-
rbhavati | kavaḍīkāreṇa puna: kāmāvacarāṇāmeva sattvānāṃ sthitirbhavati | yāvatā 
tatra narakopapannānāṃ sattvānāṃ sūkṣma: kāvaḍīkārāhāragarbho vāyurvāti | yena teṣāṃ 
sthitirbhavati | yāvatā tiraścāṃ pretānāṃ [2] manuṣyāṇāṃ caudārika āhāro yaṃ te 
kavaḍīkṛtya bhakṣayanti | ya eva puna: sūkṣmakalalādigatānāṃ sattvānāṃ devānāṃ ca 
kāmāvacarāṇāṃ | tathāhi | teṣāṃ bhuktamātra eva kavaḍīkāra [3] āhāra: kāye 
sarvāṅgeṣvanuvisara{2 Tib. son. nas. lit. gatva; MS anuvisar^.}ñjarāmāpadyate | na ca teṣāmuccāraprasrāva: santiṣṭhate ||
[maithunaparibhoga:]
tatrāyaṃ maithunaparibhogo nārakāṇāṃ sattvānāṃ sarveṇa sarvaṃ nāsti | tathā hi 
te [4] tīvraṃ ca du:khaṃ pratyanubhavanti vicitrañca dīrghaṃ ca nirantaraṃ ca | tataśca teṣāṃ 
puruṣāṇāṃ strīṣu strīcchanda eva notpadyate | strīṇāṃ ca puruṣe puruṣacchanda eva 
notpadyate | kuta: punaranyonyaṃ dvaya [5] samāpattiṃ samāpatsyante || tiryakṣu 
preteṣu manuṣyeṣu sukhadu:khavyatikīrṇatvādāśrayāṇā{3 Here asraya implies deho 'body'. Tib. lus.}masti maithunayoga:{4 MS indistinct. Tib. sbyor. ba.} | te 
cānyo’nyaṃ striyaśca puruṣāśca dvayadvayaṃ samāpadyante | aśuci ca muñcanti | [6] 
devānāṃ kāmāvacarāṇāmasti maithunasaṃyogo no cāśucinirmokṣa: | nirgacchanvā-
yureva nirgacchatīndriyadvāreṇa | tatra cāturmahārājakāyikānāṃ dvayadvaya-
samāpattyā dāho vigacchati{5 See AK, III. 69b.d : kamabhujas tu sat | dvandvalinganapanya-
ptihasiteksanamaithunah || See here also Poussin’s note.} | yathā cāturmahārājakāyikānā [7] mevaṃ 
trāyastriśānāṃ yāmānāmanyonyaṃ pariṣvajanamātrakeṇa dāho vigacchati | tuṣitānā-
manyonyaṃ parigrahaṇamātrakeṇa dāho vigacchati | nirmāṇaratīnā [Tib. 54a. |]-
manyonyaṃ hasitamātrakeṇa dāho vigacchati | paranirmitavaśavartināmanyonyaṃ 
cakṣuṣā cakṣurupanidhyāya nirīkṣitamātrakeṇa dāho vigacchati | tatra triṣu
[dāraparigraha āvāhavivāhaśca]
dvīpeṣu jambūdvīpe [2] pūrvavidehe’varagodānīye{6 Ak. iii. 2. 145.} ca dāraparigraha āvāha-
@101
vivāhaśca{1 A K, iv. 166. See the other references given there. Here 
yasomitra says (Wogihara, p. 409) : avaho darikaya darakagrhaga-
manam. vivaho darakasya darikagrhagamanam. The two words mean 
in fact the marriage of a son and daughter respectively. See 
Dighanikaya. i. 99. on avahana and vivahana; Sumangalavilasini, 
i. 96 : avahanam nama imassa darakassa asukakulato asuka-
nakkhattena darikam anethathati avahakaranam. vivahanan’ti 
imam darikam asukassa nama darakassa asukanakkhattena detha. 
evam assa vuddhi bhavissatiti.} prajñāyate | uttareṣu kuruṣvamamatvādaparigrahatvātteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ nāsti 
dāraparigraho nāvāhavivāha: | [3] yathā triṣu dvīpeṣvevaṃ preta [nara] keṣu kāmāvacareṣu 
ca deveṣu | sthāpayitvā nirmāṇaratīnparanirmitavaśavartinaśca devān kāmāvacareṣu 
devanikāyeṣu [4] nāpsarasāṃ garbha:santiṣṭhate | cāturmahārājakāyikānāmaṃse votsaṇge 
vā mātāpitro: pañcavarṣako vā dāraka aupapāduka: sambhavati{2 See Lokaprajnapti (Cosmologie buddhique. p. 300. as quoted 
by Poussin. Ak, iii. 164-5.} trāyastriṃśakānāṃ 
ṣaḍvarṣako vā yāmānāṃ [5] saptavarṣako vā tuṣitānāmaṣṭavarṣako [29 kha] vā 
nirmāṇaratīnāṃ navavarṣako vā paranirmitavaśavartināṃ daśavarṣako vā dārako’ṃ-
se votsaṅge vaupapāduka: sambhavati |{3 AK. III. 70a_^ : pancavarasopamo yavad dasavarsopamah. 
sisuh | sambhavaty esu ||} |
 [upapattiprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ] 
 [6] tatredamupapattiprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ | tisra: kāmopapattaya:{4 AK. III. 71a-b. kamopapattayas tisrah kamadevah samanusah 
Itivuttaka, 94 : tisso ima bhikkhavo kam’upapattayo. katama tisso ? 
pacc’upatthitakama nimmanaratino paranimmitavasavattino; Digha. 
iii. 218.} | santi sattvā:
pratyupasthitakāmā ye pratyupasthitai: kāmairaiśvaryaṃ vaśe vartayanti | te puna: katame | [7] 
tadyathā | sarve manuṣyāścāturmahārājakāyikāśca devānupādāyā ca tuṣitebhya: |
iyaṃ prathamā kāmopapatti: ||{5 Digha Nikaya, iii. 218 : santa avuso satta pacc’uupatthitaka-
ma. te paccupatthitesu kamesu vasam vattenti. seyyathapi manu ssa-
ekacce ca deva ekacce ca vinipatika. ayam pathama kam’supapatti.}
santi sattvā nirmitakāmā ye nirmāya nirmāya kāmākāmānaiśvaryaṃ vaśe varta-
yanti | [54b. 1] te puna: katame | tadyathā devā nirmāṇarataya: | teṣāṃ ca nirmāṇa- 
@102
ratīnāṃ devānāmātmanimittaṃ kāmanirmāṇaṃ samṛdhyati | na paranimittaṃ | tataste 
svanirmitaireva kāmairaiśvaryaṃ vaśe vartayanti | iyaṃ dvitīyā kāmopapatti ||{1 Digha Nikaya, iii. 218: sant’ avuso satta nimmitakama 
te nimmetva nimmetva kamesu vasam vattenti. seyyathapi deva
nimmanarti. ayam dutiya kam’upapatti.} 
santi sattvā paranirmitakāmā ye paranirmitairapi kāmairaiśvaryaṃ vaśe vartayanti |
tadyathā devā: paranirmitavaśavartina: | [2] tathā hi teṣāṃ devānāmātmanimitta-
mapi nirmāṇaṃ samṛdhyati paranimittamapi | tataste [3] svanirmāṇe’lpotsukavihāriṇa: 
parinirmitai: kāmairaiśvaryaṃ vaśe vartayanti | yena te paranirmitavaśavartina ityucyante |
na tu te paranirmitāneva kāmānniṣevanti api tu [4] svanirmitānapi | iyaṃ tṛtīyā
kāmopapatti: ||{2 Digha Nikaya, iii. 218: sant’avuso satta paranimmitakama. 
te paranimmitesu kamesu vasam vattenti. seyyathapi deva paranim-
mitavasavatti. ayam tatiya kam’upapatti.} 
 [sukhopapatti:] 
tisra imā: sukhopapattaya:{3 AK. III. 71^ : sukhopapattyas tisro navatridhyanabhumayah. 
Digha iii. 218 : sant’avuso uppadetva uppadetva sukham viharanti.
seyyathapi deva Brahmakayika. ayam pathama sukh’upapatti.} | santi sattvā ye vivekajena prītisukhena kāmamabhi-
ṣvandayanti | tadyathā devā: prathamadhyānabhūmikā: | [5] iyaṃ prathamā sukhopapatti: ||
santi sattvā ye samādhijena prītisukhena kāmamabhiṣyandayanti | tadyathā 
devā dvitīyadhyānabhūmikā: iyaṃ dvitīyā sukhopapatti: ||{4 Digha., iii. 218 : sant’avuso satta sukhena abhisanna parisanna
paripura paripphuta. te kadaci karahaci udanam udanenti ‘aho 
sukham aho sukham’ ti.} 
santi sattvā ye niṣprītikena sukhena [6] kāmamabhiṣyandayanti tadyathā devā-
stṛtīyadhyānabhūmikā: | iyaṃ tṛtīyā sukhopapatti: ||{5 Digha., iii. 218 : sant’avuso satta sukhena abhisanna parisanna 
paripura paripphuta, tesan tam yeva tusitasukham patisamvedenti, 
seyyatha pi deva subhakinna (V. l. ^kinha). ayam tativa sukh’ 
upapatti-}
kena kāraṇena tisra: kāmopapattaya: | tiśraśca sukhopapattayo vyavasthāpitā: ||
@103
 [tisra eṣaṇā:] 
āha | tisra imā eṣaṇā: [7] kāmaiṣaṇā bhavaiṣaṇā brahmacaryeṣaṇā ca |{1 Digha. iii. 16.} tatra ye 
kecicchramaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāmaiṣaṇāmāpadyante sarve te tisṛṇāṃ kāmopapattīnā-
marthe | nāta uttarā nāma bhūya: | tatra ye kecicchramaṇā [Tib. 55a. 1] vā brāhmaṇā
vā {2 Tib. srid. MS bhayai^.}bhavaiṣaṇāmāpadyante sukhanimittaṃ sarve te yadbhūyasā sukhakāmatayā tisṛṇāṃ sukho-
papattīnāmarthe | [2] tanubhyastanutarakāste ye’du:khāsukhāyā: śāntāyā upapatterarthe{3 Here upapatti is in the sense of utpatti (Tib. skye. ba.).} 
eṣaṇāmāpadyante | tasmāttata ūrdhvamupapattirna vyavasthāpyate || ye kecicchramaṇā 
vā brāhmaṇā vā brahmacaryeṣaṇāmāpadyante sarve te'nāsravasya dhātorarthe | apyeke 
mithyābrahmacaryaiṣaṇāmāpadyanta āniñjasyārtha ākāśānantyāyatanasya vijñānā-
nantyāyatanasyākiñcanyāyatanasya [30 ka] naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanasyārthe mithyā-
 [vi] {4 Tib. rnam. par. thar. pa; MS ^ [dhi] moksatah.} [3] mokṣata: parikalpitasya | sā ca sottarā{5 Tib. bla. na. yod; MS santara. Evidently wrong. Tib. bla. na. 
med. pa. meaning anuttara or niruttara.} brahmacaryaiṣaṇā veditavyā | [4] 
niruttarā{6 Tib. bla. na. med. pa.} punaranāsravasya dhātorarthe ||
 [ātmabhāvavyavasthāpanaṃ] 
tatrātmabhāvavyavasthāpanaṃ | tadyathā | catvāra:{7 Tib. caturvidhah (rnam. pa. bzi.). See note 4 on p. 104.} sattvānāmātmabhāvapratilambhā-
straidhātuke prajñāyante | {8 Tib. yod.}astyātmabhāvapratilambho yatrātmasañcetanā saṅkrāmati na [5] 
parasañcetanā | tadyathā | santi kāmadhātau krīḍāpramoṣakā{9 Cf. kridapradusika, Pali khiddapadosika. v. 1 ^padusika 
AK, ii. 164; iii. 219; Digha., i. 19.} nāma devā: |
te’sminsamaye{10 Tib. yasmin (gan. gi. tshe).}’tyarthaṃ krīḍāratimaṇḍanasthānamanuyuktā viharanti | teṣāṃ tathā 
viharatāṃ smṛti: pramucyate [6] smṛtipramoṣātteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tasmātsthānāccyuti-
rbhavati | tathā santi mana:pradūṣikā{11 Ak. ii. 219; Pali manopadosika. Digha., i. 20.} nāma devā ye tasminsamaye{12 Tib. te yasmin samaye (de. dag. gi. tshe.)} ‘nyonyaṃ cakṣuṣā 
@104
cakṣurupanidhyā [ya] {1 Tib. pradhrsya (tshugs. su.) ? But see Digha. i. 20 : anna-
mannam upanijjhayanta^ padusenti.} prekṣante | teṣāṃ tathā prekṣamāṇānāmanyonyaṃ manāṃsi [7] 
praduṣyanti mana:pradoṣātteṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tasmātsthānāccyutirbhavati ||
astyātmabhāvapratilambho yatra parasañcetanā krāmati nātmasañcetanā | tadyathā 
kalalagateṣu ghanagateṣu [Tib. 55b. 1] peśīgateṣvarbudagateṣu mātu: kukṣigateṣu 
sattveṣu ||
astyātmabhāvapratilambho yatnātmasañcetanā krāmati parasañcetanā ca | [2] 
tadyathā teṣveva jāteṣu paripūrṇendriyeṣu paripakvendriyeṣu ||
astyātmabhāvapratilambho yatra naivātmasañcetanā krāmati na parasañcetanā |
tadyathā [3] rūpyārūppāva{2 Tib. gzugs. dan. gzugs. med. pa. na. MS rupyavarupya^.}careṣu deveṣu nārakeṣu narakopameṣu preteṣu tathāgatadūte{3 So in Tib. : de. bzin. gsegs. pahi. pho. na. dan. It is the 
same as jinaduta, for example, one Suka was sent by bhagavat to 
Amrapali. A messenger of the Buddha cannot be killed before he 
discharges his mission. See Ak, ii. 220.} 
caramabhavike maitrī [4] samāpanne nirodhasamāpanne’ntarābhavike cetyeyaṃbhāgīyeṣu 
sattveṣu ||{4 See here Digha., iii. 231; Anguttara : Nikaya ii. 159 : Cattaro’me 
bhikkhave attabhavapatilabha. Katame cattaro ? Atthi bhikkhave 
attabhavapatilabho yasmim attabhavapatilabhe attasamcetana 
kamati no parasamcetana. Atthi bhikkhave attabhavapatilabho 
yasmim attabhavapatilabhe parasamcetana kamati no attasamcetana. 
atthi bhikkhave attabhavapatilabho yasmim attabhavapatilabhe
attasamcetana ca kamati parasamcetana ca. Atthi bhikkave 
attabhavapatilabho yasmim attabhavapatilabhe n’ev’ attasamce-
tana kamati no parasamcetana. See also Ak. ii. 219. foot 
note: AKV (Ed. U. Wogihara, p. 170) : atmasamcetana atmana 
maranam, parasamcetana parena maranam. See also, I bid, kim 
atma samcetanaiva kramate. svayam mrtyutvat. anupakramanadhar-
mano hi buddha bhagavanta ayurutsarga-vasitvalabhinas ca.
The word atmabhava, Pali attabhava means (i) 'body’. Tib. 
lus; (ii) 'life’ ‘rebirth’ and sometimes (iii) character. quality of 
heart (atta) as in Suttanipata, 388 (See Pali-Eng. Dic. of PTS) 
Atmabhava-pratilambha or pratilabha is explained by some as 
assumption of an existence’.} 
@105
 [hetuphalavyavasthānaṃ] 
tatra hetuphalavyavasthānaṃ caturbhirākārarveditavyaṃ | [5] lakṣaṇato’dhiṣṭhānata:
prabhedato vyavasthānataśca | tatra hetulakṣaṇaṃ{1 Tib. rgyuhi. mtshan. nid; MS hetuphala^.} katamat | yatpūrvaṃ yacca pratiṣṭhāya{2 Tib. gan. la. [b] rten. nas; MS pratistha.} 
yacca saṅgamya yasya dharmasya prāptirvā siddhirvā niṣpattirvā [6] kriyā vā sa tasya 
heturityucyate |
kiṃpūrvā ki pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasyotpattirbhavati | svabījapūrvā 
bījāśrayaṃ sthāpayitvā tadanyamāśrayaṃ pratirūpiṇa [7] marupiṇaṃ vā karma ca 
pratiṣṭhāya sahāyamālambanaṃ ca saṅgamya kāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ rūpapratisaṃyuktānāmā-
rūpyapratisaṃyuktānāmapratisaṃyuktānāmutpāditā bhavati | tacca [Tib. 56a. 1] 
yathāyogaṃ || 
kiṃpūrvā kiṃ pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasya prāptirbhavati | śrāvaka-
pratyekabuddhatathāgatagotrapūrvādhyātmāṅgabalaṃ pratiṣṭhāya bāhyāṅga [2] balaṃ saṅgamya kleśa-
visaṃyogasya nirvāṇasya prāptirbhavati ||
tatredamadhyātmāṅgabalaṃ | tadyathā yoniśo manasikāro’lpecchatādayaśca |
adhyātmaṃ kuśalā dharmāstadyathā manuṣyatvaṃ | [3] āryāyatane pratyājāti: | indriyai-
ravikalatā | aparivṛttakarmāntatā{3 MS adds sa, not supported by Tib.} | āyatana [30 kha] gata: prasāda: | ityevaṃ-
bhāgīyā dharmā adhyātmāṅgabalamityucyate ||
tatredaṃ bāhyāṅgabalaṃ [4] tadyathā buddhānāmutpāda: | saddharmasya deśanā | deśitānāṃ 
dharmāṇāmavasthānaṃ | avasthitānāṃ cānupravartanaṃ | parataśca pratyanukampā |
ityevaṃbhāgīyā dharmā bāhyāṅga [5] balamityucyate ||
tatra kiṃpūrvā kiṃ pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasya siddhirbhavati | jñeyādhi-
muktirucipūrvā pratijñāhetūdāharaṇaṃ pratiṣṭhāya prativādina [6] mavilomāṃ ca 
pariṣadaṃ saṅgamya sādhyasyārthasya siddhirbhavati ||
kiṃpūrvā kiṃ pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasya niṣpattirbhavati |
śilpajñānapūrvā tadanugaṃ vyavasāyaṃ pratiṣṭhāya śilpakarmasthānīyaṃ bhāṇḍopaskaraṃ [7] 
tasya tasya śilpakarmasthānasya siddhirbhavati ||
@106
 [kiṃpūrvā kiṃ pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasya sthitirbhavati] {1 Tib. sna. na. yod. pa. ci. zig. ci. la. brten. nas. | ci. dan. 
phrad. na. chos. ci. zig. gnas. par. hgyur. ze. na.} tṛṣṇāpūrvā 
punarāhārasthitikarmāśrayaṃ pratiṣṭhāya catura{2 Tib. lit. caturvidhan (zas. rnam. pa. bzi.)} āhārānsaṅgamya bhūtānāṃ sattvānāṃ 
 [Tib. 56b. 1] sthitirbhavati | yāpana{3 This and the following words are not ascertained in Tib. as 
it is indistinct here.} puṣṭiśca |
kiṃpūrvā kiṃ pratiṣṭhāya kiṃ saṅgamya kasya dharmasya kriyā bhavati | svabīja-
pūrvotpattiṃ pratiṣṭhāyotpattipratyayaṃ saṅgamya sakarmakasya{4 Tib. adds svasva (ran. ran. gi.)} dharmasya svakriyā prajñāyate 
{5 Not in Tib.}svakarmakaraṇaṃ [2] tadyathā cakṣuṣo darśanaṃ | {6 Omitted in Tib.}evamavaśiṣṭānāmindriyāṇāṃ svakaṃ{7 Tib. ran. ran. gi, see below. MS svakam svakam.}-
svakaṃ karma veditavyaṃ | tathā pṛthivī dhārayati | āpa: kledayanti |
agnirdahati | vāyu: śoṣayatītyevaṃbhāgīyaṃ bāhyānāmapi bhāvānāṃ svakasvakaṃ [3] 
karma veditavyaṃ ||
 [hetupranyayaphalādhiṣṭhānaṃ] 
hetupratyayaphalādhiṣṭhānaṃ katamat | pañcadaśemāni hetoradhiṣṭhānāni | tadyathā |
vāk | anubhava: | vāsanā | sābhiniṣyandaṃ bījaṃ | śliṣṭanirodha: |
viṣaya: | indriyaṃ | kriyā | [4] puruṣakāra: | tattvadarśanaṃ | ānukūlyaṃ | śakti-
vaicitryaṃ | sāmagrī | antarāya: | anantarāyaśca ||
hetupratyayaphalaprabheda: katama: | daśa hetava: | catvāra: pratyayā: | pañca 
phalāni ||
daśa hetava: [5] katame | anuvyavahārahetu: | apekṣāhetu: | ākṣepahetu: |{8 Tib. hphon. pa (?) } |
abhinirvṛttihetu: |{9 Tib. mnon. par. hgrub. pahi. MS anirvrtti-} pratigrahahetu: āvāhakahetu: |{10 Tib. hdren. pahi. MS avahaka.} pratiniyamahetu: | sahakāri-
hetu: | virodhahetu: | avirodha [6] hetuśca ||
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catvāra: pratyayā: katame | hetupratyaya: | samanantarapratyaya: | {1 Tib. de. ma. thag. pahi. rkyen.}ālambana-
pratyaya: | adhipatipratyayaśca ||{2 See mahavyutpatti, (Sakaki). CXV.}
pañca phalāni katamāni | vipākaphalaṃ | niṣyandaphalaṃ | visaṃyogaphalaṃ [7] 
puruṣakāraphalaṃ | adhipatiphalaṃ ca ||
 [hetupratyayavyavasthānaṃ] 
hetupratyayavyavasthānaṃ katamat | tatra vācaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyānuvyavahāra-
hetu: prajñāyate | {3 Tib. hdogs. so. which is generally used for prajnapyate.}tatkasya heto: | tathāhi | {4 MS adds here yah not in Tib.}kāmaprati [31 ka] saṃyukteṣu
dharmeṣu [Tib. 57a. 1] rūpapratisaṃyukteṣvārūpyapratisaṃyukteṣu apratisaṃyukteṣu{5 Tib. gzugs. med. pa. dan. ldan. pa. rnams. dan. ldan. pa. ma. 
yin. pahi. chos. rnams. la. MS pratisamyuktesu (?) }
nāmavyavasthānapūrvā saṃjñā pravartate | saṃjñāpūrvā vākyapravartate | vācā yathādṛṣṭaṃ [2] 
yathāśrutaṃ yathāmataṃ{6 Tib. ji.ltar. bye. brag. phyed. pa. Its meaning is not clear. 
But see the Tib. Text 35 b. 4 where in the sense of amata we have 
bye. brag. ma. phyed. But how is it so ?} yathāvijñānamanuvyavahriyate | tasmādvācamadhiṣṭhāyānuvyavamahāra-
hetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatrānubhavahetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyāpekṣāhetu: prajñāpyate | [3] tatkasya heto: |
tathā hi | ya: kāmapratisaṃyuktena sukhenārthī bhavati sa tadapekṣya kāmānāṃ 
lābhaṃ paryeṣate saṃnicayaṃ vā pratiniṣevaṇaṃ vā paryeṣate || yo rūpārūpyaprati-
saṃyuktena sukhenārthī {7 MS vag. See mahavyutpatti, 2882.}bhavati [4] sa tadapekṣya tatpratyayānāṃ lābhaṃ vā prati-
niṣevaṇaṃ vā paryeṣate | yo vā pratisaṃyuktena sukhenārthī bhavati sa tadapekṣya 
tatpratyayānāṃ lābhaṃ vā pratiṣevaṇaṃ vā paryeṣate | yo vā punardu:khenānarthī{8 Tib. duhkhenartha (sdug. bsnal. gyi. hdod. pa. gan. yin. pa.)} sa 
 [5] tadapekṣya tatpratyayānāṃ parihāraṃ tatprahāṇapratyayānāṃ lābhaṃ vā pratiniṣevaṇaṃ vā 
paryeṣate | tasmādanubhavamadhiṣṭhāyākṣepahetu:{9 Tib. hphen. pahi. rgyu. MS omits aksepa.} prajñāpyate ||
tatra vāsanāhetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyākṣepahetu: prajñāpyate | [6] tatkasya 
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heto: | tathā hi | śubhāśubhakarmaparibhāvitā: saṃskārāstraidhātuke [ṣṭāniṣṭa-
gatiṣv] {1 Tib. sdug. pa. dan. mi. sdug. pahi. hgro. ba. rnams. su.}iṣṭāniṣṭātmabhāvānākṣipanti | bāhyānāṃ ca bhāvānāṃ tenai-
vādhipatyena sampannavipannatā{2 Tib. phun. su. mchogs. pa. dan. rgyud. pa. hgyur. bahi. 
phyir. te. Hereby the Tib. text at the end shows hetu which may be 
expressed by iti.}| tasmātsaṃskārāṇāṃ śubhāśubhakarmavāsanā-
madhiṣṭhāyāpekṣāhetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatra sābhiṣyandaṃ bījaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyābhi [Tib. 57b. 1] nirvṛtti-
hetu: prajñāpyate | tatkasya heto: | tathā hi | kāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ 
rūpārūpyapratisaṃyuktānāṃ svakasvakādvījātprādurbhāvo bhavati | tṛṣṇā puna-
rbījābhiniṣyanda ityucyate | tatastayā [2] bhiṣyanditaṃ bījamākṣiptānā-
mātma{3 In X read hphans.}bhāvānāmabhinirvṛttaye bhavati | yathoktaṃ{4 Not traced.} |
karmaheturupapattaye | tṛṣṇāheturabhinirvṛttaya iti |
tasmātsābhiṣyandaṃ bījamadhiṣṭhāyābhi [3] nirvṛttihetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatra śliṣṭanirodhaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya tathā viṣayamindriyaṃ kriyāṃ 
puruṣakāraṃ tattvadarśanaṃ ca hetvadhiṣṭhā{5 Omitted in Tib.}namadhiṣṭhāya parigrahahetu: prajñāpyate |
 [4] tatkasya heto: | tathā hi | kāmapratisaṃyukteṣu dharmeṣu {6 Tib. ^samyuktanam dharmanam (ldan. pahi. chos. rnams. kyi.).}samanantara-
{7 Tib. de. ma. thag. tu.; MS anarantara.}nirodhaparigṛhītā saṃskārāṇāṃ pravṛttirbhavati | viṣayaparigṛhītendriya-
parigṛhītā kriyāparigṛhītā puruṣakāra{8 Tib. skes. buhi. byed. pas.; MS purusaparigrhita.}parigṛhītā ca | yathā kāmaprati-
saṃyuktānāmevaṃ rūpapratisaṃyuktānāmārūpya [5] pratisaṃyuktānāṃ tattvadarśa [na] {9 Tib. de. kho. na. la. blta. bas.}-
parigṛhītā vā puna- [31 kha] stadanyeṣāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ pravṛtti-
rbhavati | [6] tasmācchiṣṭanirodhaṃ viṣayamindriyaṃ kriyāṃ puruṣakāraṃ tattvadarśanaṃ 
cādhiṣṭhāya parigrahahetu: prajñāpyate ||
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tatrānukūlyahetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyāvahakahetu: prajñāpyate | tatkasya heto: | [7] 
tathā hi | kāmapratisaṃyuktā: kuśalā dharmā: kāma{1 Omitted in Tib.}pratisaṃyuktānkuśalān{2 Omitted in Tib.} 
vaiśeṣikāndharmānā{3 Tib. adds hdren. te. So also below.}vahanti | evaṃ kāmapratisaṃyuktā kuśalā dharmā rūpa-
pratisaṃyuktānārūpyapratisaṃyuktānkuśalāndharmānāvahanti | [Tib.
58a. 1] tadanukūlatayā yathā kāmapratisaṃyuktā evaṃ rūpapratisaṃyuktā rūpaprati-
saṃyuktānkuśalāndharmān vaiśeṣikānārūpyapratisaṃyuktānapratisaṃyuktān{4 Omitted in Tib.} | [2] 
yathārūpapratisaṃyuktā evamārūpyapratisaṃyuktā ārūpyapratisaṃyuktānkuśalāndharmā-
nvaiśeṣikānpratisaṃyuktānapratisaṃyuktāṃśca kuśalāndharmān āvahanti | yathā-
rūpyapratisaṃyuktā eva [3] mapratisaṃyuktā{5 As Tib. reads aprati^ (ldan. pa. ma. yin. pa. rnams.)} apratisaṃyuktānkuśalāndharmānā{6 Tib. adds. vaisesikan (khyad. par. can. rnams.)}vahanti |
apyasaṃskṛtaṃ sākṣādrūpamāvahanti{7 Tib. simply saksat omitting rupam. (mnon. sum. du.)} | tathā kuśaladharmā{8 Tib. adds api (kyan).} akuśalānvaiśeṣikā-
ndharmānāvahanti | tadyathā kāmarāgo [4] dveṣaṃ mohaṃ mānaṃ dṛṣṭiṃ vicikitsāṃ 
kāyaduścaritaṃ vāgduścaritaṃ manoduścaritaṃ | yathā kāmarāgau evaṃ [5] dveṣo 
moho māno dṛṣṭirvicikitsā yathāyogaṃ veditavyā: | evamavyākṛtā 
dharmā kuśalākuśalāvyākṛtāndharmānāvahanti | tadyathā kuśalākuśalāvyākṛta-
bījakamā [6] layavijñāna [māvahanti] {9 Tib. hdren. to.} | tathā vyākṛtā dharmā avyākṛtānvai-
śeṣikāndharmānāvahanti | tadyathā kavaḍīkāra āhāro bhūtānāṃ sattvānāṃ 
sthitaye yāpanāyā ojaso balasya puṣṭeścāvāhakastadanukūlatayā | [7] 
tasmādānukūlyahetumadhiṣṭhāyāvāhakahetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatra śaktivaicitryaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya pratiniyamahetu: prajñāpyate | tat 
kasya heto: | tathā hi | kāmapratisaṃyuktā dharmā vicitrasvabhāvā [Tib. 58b. 1] 
vicitrātsvabhāvaviśeṣācchaktivaicitryādutpadyante | yathā kāmapratisaṃyuktā evaṃ 
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rūpapratisaṃyuktā ārūpyapratisaṃyuktā apratisaṃyuktā: | [2] tasmācchakti-
vaicitryamadhiṣṭhāya pratiniyamahetu: prajñāpyate |
tatra sāmagrīhetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya sahakārihetu: prajñāpyate | tatkasya heto: |
tathā hi | svāmutpattisāmagrīmāgamya kāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ dharmāṇāmutpādo bhavati |
 [3] yathā kāmapratisaṃyuktānāmevaṃ rūpapratisaṃyuktānāmārūpyapratisaṃyuktānāmaprati-
saṃyuktānāṃ | yathotpattisāmagryevaṃ prāptisāmagrī siddhisāmagrī [3] niṣpatti-
sāmagrī{1 Tib. adds sthitisamagri (gnas. pahi. tshogs. pa. dan).} kriyāsāmagrī | tasmātsāmagrīmadhiṣṭhāya sahakārihetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatrāntarāya{2 Tib. bar. du. gcod pa. la; MS anantarayam.}hetvadhisṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya virodhahetu: prajñāpyate | [4] tatkasya 
heto: | tathā hi | kāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ dharmāṇā{3 Tib. chos. rnams; MS karmanam.}mutpattaye sa cedantarāya: 
pratyupasthito bhavati [32 ka] notpadyante | yathākāmapratisaṃyuktānāmevaṃ rūpa-
pratisaṃyuktānāmārūpyapratisaṃyuktānāmaprati [6] saṃyuktānāṃ | yathotpattaya evaṃ prāptaye 
siddhaye niṣpattaye kriyāyai | tasmādantarāyamadhiṣṭhāya virodhahetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatrānantarāyaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyāvirodhahetu: prajñāpyate | tatkasya heto: |
tathā hi{4 Tib. lit. evam (hdi. ltar,)} | kāmapratisaṃyuktānāṃ dharmāṇā{5 Tib. chos. rnams.; MS karmanam.} [mutpattaye] {6 Tib. skye. ba. la.} | sa cedanantarāya: 
pratyupasthito bhavati bhavatyeṣāmutpāda: | [Tib. 59a. 1] kāmapratisaṃyuktānāmevaṃ 
rūpapratisaṃyuktānāmārūpyapratisaṃyuktānāṃ yathotpattirevaṃ prāpti: siddhi [2] rniṣpatti: |
kriyā | tasmādanantarāyamadhiṣṭhāyāvirodhahetu: prajñāpyate ||
tatra bījaṃ pratyayādhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya hetupratyaya: prajñāpyate || śliṣṭanirodhaṃ 
pratyayādhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāya samanantarapratyaya: [3] prajñāpyate || {7 Tib. adds here tatra (de. la.) }viṣayaṃ {8 MS pratyadhi.}pratyayā- 
dhiṣṭhānamadhiṣṭhāyālambanapratyaya: prajñāpyate || tadanyāni pratyayādhiṣṭhānānyadhi-
ṣṭhāyādhipatipratyaya: prajñāpyate ||
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tatra vāsanāmānukūlyaṃ ca hetvadhiṣṭhānaṃ pratyayādhiṣṭhānaṃ cādhiṣṭhāya vi [4] -
pākaphalaṃ niṣyandaphalaṃ ca prajñāpyate | tattvadarśanaṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānaṃ pratyayādhiṣṭhānaṃ 
cādhiṣṭhāya visaṃyogaphalaṃ prajñāpyate | puruṣakāraṃ hetvadhiṣṭhānaṃ pratyayādhiṣṭhānaṃ 
cādhiṣṭhāya puruṣakāraphalaṃ prajñāpyate | [5] avaśiṣṭāni hetvadhiṣṭhānāni pratyayā-
dhiṣṭhānāni cādhiṣṭhāyādhipatiphalaṃ prajñāpyate ||
tatra hitārtho hetu: | pratiṣṭhārtha: pratyaya: | niṣpattyartha: phalārtha:{1 Omitted in Tib.} | api 
khalu pañcabhirākārairhetuvyavasthānaṃ bhavati | tadyathā janako hetu: | upāyahetu: |
sahabhūto [hetu:] | {2 Tib. rgyu. So in the following two terms.}anantaraniruddha: | [6] ciraniruddhaśca ||
tatra janako’bhinirvṛttihetu: | avaśiṣṭā upāya{3 Tib. thabs.kyi. rgyu. na. MS upadaya-}hetava: sahabhūtā:{4 Tib. thabs. kyi. rgyu. ni. lhag. ma. rnams. || lhan. cig. hbyun. 
bahi. rgyu. ni. hdi. lta, ste. |} | tadyathā |
{5 MS adds tad-not supported by Tib.}ekatya: parigrahahetu: | tadyathā cakṣuścakṣurvijñānasya | evaṃ śrotrā [7] daya-
stadanyeṣāṃ vijñānānāmanantaraniruddha: | tadyathā | abhinirvṛttihetu: | [cira-
niruddha: | tadyathā | ākṣipto hetu: ||] {6 Tib. hgags. nas. rin. du. lon. pa. hdi. lta. ste. hphan. pahi. 
rgyu. ho. ||}
punaraparai: pañcabhirākārairhetuvyavasthānaṃ bhavati | tadyathā | [Tib. 59b. 1] 
iṣṭo hetu: | aniṣṭo hetu: | dṛṣṭi{7 Tib. lta. bahi.; MS pusti^.}hetu: | pravṛttihetu: | nivṛttihetuśca ||
punaraparai: saptabhirākārairhetuvyavasthānaṃ bhavati | tadyathā anityo hetu: | na 
nityo dharma: kasyaciddheturbhavati | utpattiheturvā prāptiheturvā | siddhiheturvā | [2] 
niṣpattiheturvā | [sthitiheturvā] {8 Tib. gnas. pahi. rgu. ham.} | kriyāheturvā{9 Tib. adds. here yasya hetur api na bhavati (gan. gi. rgyur. 
yan. mi. hgyur. ro.) (?)} | anityo’pi ca dharmo-
‘nityasya heturbhavanparabhāvasya heturbhavati uttarasya ca svabhāvasya | no tu 
@112
tatkṣaṇikasya{1 According to Tib. it means tasya ksanikasya (skad. cig. de. 
nid. kyi.).} parasyottarasya [3] ca svabhāvasya heturbhavati | utpannāniruddho{2 So Tib. utpannaniruddho reading skyes. la. hgags.; MS ut-
pannani.} 
bhavati nānutpannaniruddha: | utpannaniruddho’pi{3 See note 2 above.} | bhavatpratyayāntaraṃ labhamāno bhavati 
nālabhamāna: | pratyayāntaramapi [32 kha] labdhvā bhavan vikāramāpadyamāno bhavati 
na vikāramanāpanna: | [4] vikāramāpadyamāno’pi bhavañchaktiyuktādbhavati na śakti-
hīnāt | śaktiyuktādapi bhavannanurūpānukūlādbhavati nānanurūpānanukūlādityebhi: 
saptabhirākārairhetunā yathāyogaṃ [5] vyavasthānaṃ veditavyaṃ ||
tatra lakṣaṇaprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ katamat | tatsaptākāraṃ veditavyaṃ | śarīra-
to’pi | ālambanato’pi | ākārato’pi samutthānato’pi | prabhedato'pi |
viniścayato’pi | pravṛttito'pi || [6] tatroddānaṃ |
śarīramālambanamākāra: samutthānaṃ prabhedanaṃ |
viniścaya: pravṛttiśca lakṣaṇasya samāsata: ||
vitarkavicārāṇāṃ śarīraṃ katamat | ālambane{4 As in Tib. reading dmigs. pa. la. MS alambanam abhy^. 
So in the following sentence.}’nabhyūhata [7] ścetanaśarīrā 
vitarkavicārā: | ālambane punarabhyūhato jñānaśarīrā vitarkavicārā veditavyā: ||
tatra vitarkavicārāṇāmālambanaṃ katamat | nāmakāyapadakāyavyañjanakāyā-
śrito [Tib. 60a. 1] ’rtha ālambanaṃ ||
vitarkavicārāṇāmākāra: katama: | tasminnevālambane’rpaṇānarpaṇākāro 
vitarka: || tatraiva puna: pratyavekṣaṇākāro vicāra: ||
vitarkavicārā: kiṃ [2] samutthānā: | vāksamutthānā: ||
vitarkavicārāṇāṃ{5 In Xylograph read kyi. for kyis.} prabheda: katama: | saptavidha: prabheda: | naimittika:{6 Tib. lit. vitarko vicaras ca (rtog. pa. dan. dpyod. pa. gan. 
yin. pa.)}
{7 Tib. adds anaimittikah (mtshan. ma. can. ma. yin. pa.)}pūrvavadyāvadakliṣṭaśca ||
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vitarkavicārāṇāṃ vi [3] niścaya: katama:{1 In the Xylograph read kyi for kyis} | yo vitarkavicāra: vikalpo’pi 
sa: | yo vikalpo vitarkavicāro’pi{2 In the Xylograph the reading is yan for gan.} sa:{3 In Tib.This sentence is repeated once more omitting gan 
wrongly for yan. See note 2.} | [4] yastāvadvitarkavicāro 
vikalpo’pi sa: | syāttu{4 Tib. has here yadi or yadyapi (mod. kyi.).} vikalpo na vitarkavicāra: | lokottarajñānamapekṣya
tadanye sarve traidhātukāvacarāścittacaitasikā dharmā vikalpena{5 MS vikalpena. Tib. rnam. par. rtog. pa. yin. la / rtog. pa. 
dan. dpyod. pa. ma. yin. no. //} [5] na vitarka-
vicāra: ||
vitarkavicārāṇāṃ pravṛtti: katamā | nārakāṇāṃ vitarkavicārā: kimākārā:
pravartante kiṃsparśā: kiṃsamudīritā: kiṃsamprayuktā: kiṃprārthanā: kiṃkarmakā: | [6] 
yathā nārakāṇā{6 Tib. adds sattvanam (sems. can.), so below. not}mevaṃ tiraścāṃ pretānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ kāmāvacarāṇāṃ devānāṃ prathama-
dhyānabhūmikānāṃ devānāṃ vitarkavicārā: kimākārā: kiṃsparśā: [7] kiṃ-
samudīritā: kiṃsamprayuktā: kiṃprārthanā: kiṃkarmakāśca pravartante |
tatra nārakāṇāṃ vitarkavicārā ekāntena dainyākārā aniṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā 
du:khasamudīritā [Tib. 60b. 1] daurmanasyasamprayuktā du:khavimokṣaprārthanā-
ścittasaṃkṣobhakarmakāśca pravartante ||
yathā nārakāṇāmevaṃ du:khitānāṃ pretānāṃ tiraścāṃ [2] manuṣyāṇāṃ pretasaha-
gatikānāṃ (?){7 MS indistinct. Tib. does not help reading rdzu. hphrul. che. 
ba. rnam. kyi. which means mahardhikanam.} vitarkavicārā bāhulyena dainyākārā alpamodākārā: |
bāhulyenāniṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā alpeṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā: | bāhulyena [3] du:kha-
samudīritā alpasukhasamudīritā: | bāhulyena daurmanasyālpasaumanasyasaṃprayuktā: |
bāhulyena du:khavimokṣaprārthanā {8 MS has here alpa, but below it reads sometimes as alpam. 
literally Tib. supports the former. but as in the case of bahulyena 
it may also suggest the latter. In the MS before. moda^ two letters 
are not clear; Tib. may suggest sam (kun. tu. dgah. ba.).}alpa [4] sukhasamavadhānaprārthanāścittasaṃkṣobha-
karmakāśca pravartante ||
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devānāṃ kāmāvacarāṇāṃ [33 ka] vitarkavicārā bāhulyenāmodākārā
alpaṃ dainyākārā: | bāhulyeneṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā [5] alpamaniṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā: |
bāhulyena sukhasamudīritā alpaṃ du:khasamudīritā: | bāhulyena saumanasya-
saṃprayuktā alpaṃ dormanasyasaṃprayuktā: | bāhulyena sukhasamavadhānaprārthanā [6] 
alpaṃ du:khavimokṣaprārthanāścittasaṃkṣobhakarmakāśca pravartante ||
prathamadhyānabhūmikānāṃ devānāṃ vitarkavicārā ekāntenāmodākārā: | [7] 
ekāntenādhyātmamiṣṭaviṣayasaṃsparśā: | ekāntena sukhasamudīritā: | ekāntena 
saumanasyasaṃprayuktā: | ekāntena sukhāviyogaprārthanāścintāsaṃkṣobhakarmakāśca ||
 [yoniśo manaskāraprajñapti:] 
 [Tib. 61a. 1] tatra yoniśo manaskāraprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ katamat | tadaṣṭā-
kāraṃ veditavyam | adhiṣṭhānato’pi | vastuto’pi | paryeṣaṇato’pi | paribhogato-
‘pi | samyakpratipattito’pi | śrāvaka [2] yānasaṃbhāra{1 Tib. tshogs.; MS samhara-. so below.}prayogato’pi | pratyeka-
buddhayānasaṃbhāraprayogato’pi | pāramitānirhārapayogato’pi || tatroddānaṃ |
adhiṣṭhānaṃ ca vastu{2 So the MS and Tib. (dnos. po.)} ca eṣaṇā paribhogatā | 
pratipattiśca bodhī dve{3 Tib. byan. chub. gnis. : MS dvedha dhi.} tathā pāramitena (?) ca ||
 [3] yoniśo manaskāraprayuktānāṃ vitarkavicārāṇāmadhiṣṭhānaṃ katamat |
ṣaḍadhiṣṭhānāni | tadyathā | niścayakāla: | nivṛttikāla: | karmakāla: | laukika-
vairāgyakāla: | [4] lokottaravairāgyakāla: | sattvānugrahakālaśca ||
yoniśo manaskārasamprayuktānāṃ [vastu] {4 Tib. dnos. po.} katamat | aṣṭau vastūni{5 See Mahavyutpatti, XCIII. vastu. Tib.dnos. po. without 
the plural sign.} | dāna-
mayaṃ{6 Tib. sbyin. pa. las. byun. bahi.; MS nidana^. see Mahavyut-
patti, XCIII.} puṇya [5] kriyāvastu | śīlamayaṃ | bhāvanāmayaṃ | śrutamayaṃ | cintāmayaṃ |
tadanyadbhāvanāmayaṃ | pratisaṃkhyānamayaṃ | sattvānugraha [6] mayaṃ ca ||
@115
yoniśo manaskāraprayuktānāṃ vitarkavicārāṇāmeṣaṇā katamā | yathāpīhaikatyo
dharmeṇāsāhasena{1 In the Xylograph the reading is bab. tsol. for bab. tshol. 
as below.} bhogānparyeṣate nādharmeṇa sāhasena ||
paribhoga: katama: | [7] yathāpi sa eva tathā bhogānparyeṣyā{2 According to Tib. paryesya is to be taken with tatha.}rakta: paribhuṅkte’-
sakto’gṛddho{3 Tib. chams. pa. med. pa. dan.}’grathito’mūrcchito’nadhyavasito’nadhyavasāyamāpanna [Tib. 61b. 1] 
ādīnavadarśī ni:saraṇaprajña iva{4 Tib. bzin. du.; MS indistinct.} bhuṅkte ||
samyakpratipatti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyo mātṛjña:{5 Tib. mar. hdzin. pa. : MS matra^. For this and the following 
four words cf. amatrjnata apitrjnata asramanyata abrahmanyata 
kulena jyesthanupalakatvam in the Sukasutra, Hornle’s Manuscript 
Remains, Vol. I, p. 49.} pitṛjña: śrāmaṇyo 
brāhmaṇya: kulajyeṣṭhā [2] pacāyako’rthakara: kṛtyakara ihaloke paraloke’vadyadarśī 
dānāni dadāti | puṇyāni karoti | upavāsamupavasati | śīlaṃ samā [3] -
dāya vartate ||
śrāvakasaṃbhāra{6 Tib. tshogs.; MS samhara. So in the following sentence.}prayogaṃ{7 MS ^yogah. So in the following sentence.} śrāvakabhūmau vistareṇa vakṣyāmi | pratyekabuddhasaṃbhāra-
prayogaṃ{8 See notes 6 and 7.} pratyekabuddhabhūmau vistareṇa vakṣyāmi | pāramitānirhāraprayogaṃ bodhi-
sattvabhūmau [4] vistareṇa vakṣyāmi |
api khalu catvāri dānapaterlakṣaṇāni | icchā | apakṣapāta: | vighātāpanaya: |
samyagjñānaṃ ca ||
catvāri śīlavallakṣaṇāni | icchā | [33 kha] setubandha: (?){9 It is not clear at all. Tib. also does not help. nor is it legible.} [5] asa-
mudācāra: | samyagjñānaṃ ca ||
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catvāri bhāvaka{1 Tib. sgam. pa. pohi.; MS bhavake.}lakṣaṇāni | āśayaviśuddhi: | upasaṃhāraviśuddhi:
adhimuktisamāpattiviśuddhi: | jñānavi [6] śuddhiśca ||
ṣaḍvidhaṃ paiṇḍilyaṃ{2 Tib. literally pinda (or anna)-danam sadvidham (zas. sbyin. 
pa. ni. rnam. pa. drug. ste.) Here pinda means food. Evidently 
pindila (pinda-la. la to give) is `a food-giver’ from which we have 
here the noun paindilya. The word pindila may be also from pinda
with the secondary suffix-la giving the same sense. In Pali we have 
pindola of uncertain etymology meaning ‘one seeking alms’ as in 
the Pali Text Society’s Dictionary, 'food-giver’ and then it 
gradually changed to pindila,} | samādāna{3 Tib. yi. dam. can. la. sbyin. pa. dan. MS apadana^.}paiṇḍilyaṃ | ājīvikapaiṇḍilyaṃ | patita{4 Tib. gnod. pa. for Skt. patita, but the Tib. word is generally 
found in the sense of ‘badhita’, 'vighata’, ‘asiva’, etc.}-
paiṇḍilyaṃ | nisarga{5 Tib. ran. bzin. gyis. phons. pa. la. literally meaning nisarga-
daridra.}paiṇḍilyaṃ | viṣayavaikalyasthapaiṇḍilyaṃ |{6 MS omits it. Tib. yul. dan. bral. bar. gnas. pa. la. zas. sbyin. 
pa. dan. It may be translated into Sanskrit as above, but the 
meaning is not quite clear.} parigardha-
paiṇḍilyaṃ [7] ca ||
aṣṭavidha upaghāta: | jighatsopaghāta: | pipāsopaghāta: | kadanopa-
ghāta: | pariśramopaghāta: | śītopaghāta: | uṣṇopaghāta: | anāvaraṇopaghāta: |
āvaraṇopa [Tib. 62a. 1] ghataśca ||
puna: ṣaḍvidha upaghāta: | sahaja: | icchāvighātika: | aupakramika: | ṛtu-
pariṇāmika: | pārisravika: | vyavahārasamucchedika [2] śca ||
ṣaḍvidho’nugraha: | upastambhānugraha: | upakramānupaghātānu{7 For ^anupaghata Tib. upaghata (hgro. bar. gnod. pa.).}graha: | gopanānu-
graha: | gandha [mālya] {8 Tib. metog. phren. ba means puspamalya.}lepananugraha: saṃvāsānugrahaśca{9 Tib. hgags. pa. (?) Instead of six here are only five.} ||
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[3] catvāryamitralakṣaṇāni | kopāśayānutsarga: | iṣṭavipratibandhāva-
sthānaṃ | aniṣṭopasaṃhāra: | apathyopasaṃhāraśca ||
etadviparyayeṇa [4] catvāryeva mitralakṣaṇāni veditavyāni ||
trividha upasaṃhāra: | upakaraṇopasaṃhāra: | saprītikasukhopasaṃhāra: |
niṣprītikasukhopasaṃhāra:{1 Tib. adds here the following : bzi. po. hdi. dag. ni. 
mkhas. pas. bstan. pa. yin zes. bya. ba. mdo. hdihi. rnam. par. 
bsad. pa. ni. It is not quite clear, but seems to mean : These four 
are said by a learned one that this sutra is explained.} ||
 [5] api khalu catvāra ime’nuvṛttyanugamā: | tadyathā | atithi-
{2 For hgron. in the Xylograph read mgron.}janānuvṛttyupagama: | parijanānuvṛttyupagama: | gurujanānuvṛttyupagama: [6] sabhya-
janānuvṛttyupagamaśca ||
eṣa khalu caturṣvanuvṛttyupagameṣu catvāri sthānāni niścitya pañcavidhaṃ phalaṃ 
veditavyaṃ | [tadyathā] {3 Tib. hdi. lta. ste.} anugrahaṃ | aviheṭhanāṃ |{4 Tib. phan. gdags. pa; MS anagraham. 
In the following line instead of the accusative the nominative 
case is expected.} pūjanāṃ | [7] [sama-] {5 Instead of five we have here only four fruits (phalas). Partly 
the Xylograph is here illegible, only the following can be read : 
mnam. pa. dan.} 
sabhāgānuvartanaṃ ca | imāni niścitya mahābhogatā | digvidikṣu yaśa: | apari-
kleśa: | nirvāṇaprāpti:{6 As suggested by Tib. apariklesa and nirvanaprapati are to be 
taken separately and not together as MS reads : apariklesanirvana. 
praptih.} sugatigamanaṃ ca | punaridaṃ pañcavidhaṃ phalaṃ nirvartate |
 [Tib. 62b. 1] trīṇīmāni paṇḍitasya paṇḍitalakṣaṇāni | kuśalasamā-
dānatā | kuśalaikāntikatā | kuśaladṛḍhatā ca ||
punastrīṇi | [2] adhiśīlasamādānatā | adhicittasamādānatā |
adhiprajñāsamādānatā ca ||{7 Here in the Xylograph ends the Section VI (bam. po. drug. pa).}
@118
[ayoniśo manaskāraprajñapti:] 
tatrāyoniśo manaskāraprajñaptivyavasthāpanaṃ katamat | tatroddānaṃ |
hetau phalamabhivyakti [3] ratītānāgatāstitā |
ātmā ca śāśvataṃ karma īśvarādivihiṃsatā ||
antānantaṃ ca vikṣepa: ahetūccheda{1 Tib. rgyu. med. chad; MS sahetuccheda.}nāstitā |
agraṃ śuddhiśca maṅgalyaṃ paravādāśca ṣoḍaśa ||
[ṣoḍaśa paravādā:] 
{2 Tib. reads once more sodasa ime paravada.}ṣoḍaśa ime [4] paravādā: | tadyathā | hetuphalasadvāda: | abhivyakti-
vāda: | atītānāgatadravyasadvāda: | ātmavāda: | śāśvatavāda: | pūrvakṛta-
hetusadvāda: | īśvarādi [5] kartṛkavāda: | vihiṃsā{3 Tib. rnam. par. htshe. ba.; MS himsa^.}dharmavāda: | antāna-
ntikavāda: | amarāvikṣepavāda: |{4 Tib. mthah. mi. spon. ba. smra. ba., but lit. it appears to 
suggest antaprahana-(or antaviksepa-)vada, but not amaraviksepa^. 
However later on in Tib. amaraviksepa is lha. mi. spon. smra. ba. (Tib.
68b. 5). It is clear from it that the word is to be explained as amara-
viksepa (=atyaya). On the term amaraviksepa, Pali ^vikkhepa, 
Buddhaghosa writes in his Sumangalavilasini, PTS, Part I, p. 115: 
Na maratiti amara. ka sa ? Evam’pi me no’ti adina nayena pari-
yantarahita ditthigatikassa ditthe c’eva vaca va vividho khepo’ti 
vikkhepo Amaraya ditthiya vacaya va vikkhepo’ti amaravikkhepo. 
So etesam atthiti amaravikkhepika. Aparo nayo. Amara nama 
macchajati, sa ummajjananimujjanadivasena udake sandhavamana 
gahetum na sakka’ti. Evam eva ayam’ pi vado ito c’ito ca sandha-
vati gaham na upagacchatiti amaravikkhepo’ti vuccati. So 
etesam atthiti amaravikkhepika.} [6] ahetuvāda: | ucchedavāda: | agravāda: |
śuddhivāda: | kautuka [7] maṅgalavādaśca ||
 [hetuphalasadvāda:] 
hetuphalasadvāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā evaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃ-
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vādī{1 MS here-vaci.} nityaṃ nityakālaṃ dhruvaṃ dhruvakālaṃ vidyata eva hetau phalamiti [34 ka] 
tadyathā vārṣagaṇya:{2 MS Varsaganya. He was the master of Vindhyavasa of the 
Sankhya school. According to A. B. Keith.(Karmamimamsa. p. 59;
Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, 1924, p 554) Vindhya-
vasa or Vindhyavasin was not a doctor of the Sankhya School. On 
this see Takakusu. Life of Vasubandhu, JRAS, 1905, January. 
Vindhyavasa is said to have been the victorious rival of Vasubandhu.} ||
te puna: kena kāraṇena hetau phalaṃ paśyanti vyavasthāpayanti paridīpayanti |
yadutāgamato yuktitaśca ||
āgama: katama: | tatpratiyuktānuśrava- [Tib. 63a. 1] paramparāpiṭakasampra-
dānayogenaiṣāmāgataṃ bhavati vidyata eva hetau phalamiti ||
yukti: katamā | yathā sa eva śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā tarkiko bhavati 
mīmāṃsakastarkaparyāpannāyāṃ bhūmau sthita: svayaṃ prātibhānikyāṃ [2] pārthag-
janikyāṃ mīmāṃsānucaritāyāṃ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | yebhyo bhāvebhyo ye bhāvā 
utpadyante te teṣāṃ kāraṇatvena prasiddhā: prajñāpyante ca | [na] {3 Tib. ma. yin. no.} tadanye | tasya 
ca phalasyārthe [3] phalārthibhirapyādīyante na tadanye | ta eva ca teṣu teṣu kṛtyeṣu 
viniyujyante na tadanye | tebhyaśca tatphalamutpadyate na tadanyebhya: | ata [4] -
statphalaṃ tasmiṃstasmin | anyathā hi sarva sarvasya kāraṇatvena vyavasthāpyeta |
sarvamupādīyeta | sarva kṛtye viniyujyeta | sarvata: sarvamutpadyeteti ||
prajñaptiścopā [5] dānataśca kṛtyaviniyogataścotpattitaśca nityakālaṃ hetau 
phalaṃ paśyanti{4 MS Singular number.} ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: kaccidicchasi hetulakṣaṇaṃ phalalakṣaṇaṃ{5 Tib. omits phalalaksanam.} hetorvā puna: 
phalalakṣaṇamabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā bhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā | sa cedabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | tena nāsti 
hetuniyama: | phalaniyama iti nirviśiṣṭatvāddhetuphalayorhetau phalaṃ vidyata iti na 
yujyate | sacedbhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | tena kaccidicchasi anutpannalakṣaṇaṃ votpanna-
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lakṣaṇaṃ vā | sa cedanutpannalakṣaṇaṃ | tena hetau phalamanutpannamastīti na yujyate ||
sa cedutpannalakṣaṇaṃ | tena hetau phalamutpadyata [Tib. 63b. 1] iti na yujyate |
tasmānnāsti hetau phalaṃ | hetau tu sati pratyayamapekṣyotpadyate | tatra vidyamāna-
lakṣaṇo dharmo vidyamānalakṣaṇe dharme pañcākāreṇa lakṣaṇena veditavya: | taddeśa 
upalabhyate | tadyathā | kumbhe [2] salilaṃ | tadāśraye vopalabhyate | tadyathā 
cakṣuṣi cakṣurvijñānaṃ | tathaiva vā svena lakṣaṇenopalabhyate | tadyathā heturnānu-
meyo bhavati | svaṃ ca karma karoti | vikriyamāṇe ca [3] hetau vikāramā-
padyate vikārapratyayairvā | tasmādapi nityakālaṃ dhruvakālaṃ vidyata eva hetau phala-
miti na yujyate | anenāpi paryāyeṇāyogavihita{1 Tib. suggesting avidyajanita (rig. pa. ma. yin. pas. bskyed. pa.)} evaiṣa vāda ityaviśiṣṭa [4] -
lakṣaṇato’pi viśiṣṭalakṣaṇato’pi [34 kha] anutpannalakṣaṇato’pi utpannalakṣaṇa-
to’pi na yujyate ||
[abhivyaktivāda: |] 
abhivyaktivāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā [5] 
evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃ vādī | vidyamānā eva bhāvā abhivyajyante notpadyante |
tadyathā sa eva{2 Tib. de. nid; MS sata eva.} hetuphalasadvādī śabdalakṣaṇavādī ca ||{3 The Sankhyas and the grammarians. See Sankhyakarika 9.} 
kena kāraṇena hetuphalasadvādī hetau vidyamānasya phalasyābhivyaktiṃ paśyati |
āgamato yuktitaśca | āgama: pūrvaddraṣṭavya: ||
yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatya: svayameva tārkiko bhavati mīmāṃsaka iti |
pūrvadvistara: | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | [6] nahi hetau{4 Tib. (rgyu. la) suggests both hetau and hetoh, MS has the 
latter.} phalasya vidyamānasyotpatti 
ryujyate | na ca na kriyate prayatna: phalaniṣpattaye | tacca kiṃnimittaṃ 
kriyata iti | yāvadevābhivyaktyartha iti | sa evaṃ parikalpyā{5 MS adds yena, but it is not found in Tib.}bhivyaktivādī 
bhavati ||
tatra [Tib. 64a. 1] hetuphalābhivyaktivādīdaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasya-
satyāvaraṇakāraṇa āvaraṇaṃ sati vā | sacedasati | asatyāvaraṇakāraṇa āvṛtamiti 
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 [2] na yujyate | sacetsati | phalasambaddhaṃ hetuṃ [kiṃ] {1 Tib. cihi. phyir.} nāvṛṇoti | tasya sattve{2 Here tasya sattve’pi is omitted in Tib.}‘pi 
na yujyate | yathāndhakāraṃ kuṇḍe pānīyamāvṛṇvatkuṇḍamapyāvṛṇoti | sa 
cetpuna [3] rheturapyāvṛta āvaraṇakāraṇena | tena hetau phalaṃ vidyamānamabhi-
vyajyate | [na heturiti na yujyate ||] {3 Tib. rgyu. gsal. bar. mi. byed. ces. byar (=bya. bar ?) mi. 
run. no.} sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kiṃ{4 Tib. ci.; MS kimtu.} vidyamānatā-
varaṇakāraṇamāhosvitphalatā | sacedvidyamānatā [4] varaṇakāraṇaṃ tena [na] {5 As in Tib. (yod. pa. ni. dus. thams. cad. du. mnon. par. 
gsal. bar. ma. yin. par. hgyur. bas. mi. run. no).} nitya-
kālamabhivyaktirvidyamānasyeti na yujyate heturapi vidyate | sacetphalatā |{6 Tib. adds avaranakaranam (sgrib. pahi. rgyu. yin. ni.).}
tena sa eva heturbhavatyekasya sa eva phalaṃ | [5] tadyathāṅkaro bījasya phalaṃ 
daṇḍā{7 Tib. sdon-bu. ‘stalk’. Here danda means ‘stalk’.}dīnāṃ hetu: | tena sa evābhivyakta: sa evānabhivyakta iti na yujyate ||
tasmādevaṃ{8 Tib. de. las. hdi. skad. ces. MS sa idam syat.} vacanīya: | [6] kaccidicchasi tasmādharmādabhivyaktimananyā-
 [manyāṃ] {9 Tib. supports the reading fully reading fully reading ci. chos de. las. mnon. 
par. bsal. ba. tha. dad. pa. ma. yin. pa. ham / hon. te. tha. dad. 
par. hdod / gal. te. tha. dad. pa. ma. yin. na. ni. The MS reads for 
ananyam in this and in the following cases anantyam.} vā | sacedananyāṃ | nityābhivyakto dharmo’bhivyajyata [7] iti na yujyate |
sacedanyāṃ{10 For anyam. Tib.lit. tadbhinnam.} tena sā sahetukā nirhetukā vā | sa cennirhetukā | tena nirhetukā-
bhivyaktirna yujyate | sa cetsahetukā | tena [Tib. 64b. 1] phala{11 The word phala in Tib. is repeated (hbras. bu. hbras. bur. 
gyur.)}bhūtayā-
bhivyaktyānabhivyaktatayābhivyaktirna yujyata iti ||
tasmā{12 Tib. des. na. MS omits it.}dāvaraṇakāraṇāsadbhāvato’pi | āvaraṇakāraṇasadbhāvato’pi | vidya-
mānalakṣaṇato’pi | phalalakṣaṇato’pi | abhivyaktya [2] nanyato’pi{13 Tib. mnon. par. bsal. bar. tha. dad. pa. ma. yin. pa. dan. MS abhivyaktyanyato’ pi.} abhivyaktya-
nyato’pi na yujyate ||
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tasmādyo bhāvo nāsti sa nāstyeva tallakṣaṇa: | yo bhāvo’sti so’styeva 
 [35 ka] tallakṣaṇa: | asato nāstitvamevānabhi [3] vyakti: | sato’stitva-
mevābhivyakti: ||
satastu yathā’grahaṇaṃ bhavati tallakṣaṇaṃ vakṣyāmi | viprakarṣādapi sato’grahaṇaṃ
bhavati | caturbhirāvaraṇakāraṇairāvṛtatvādapi | [4] {1 Tib. adds analokakarat (mi. snan. bar. byed. pa. dan.) abhi-
bhavac caksurvisamvadavaranat (mi. snan. bar. byed. pa. dan. | zil. 
gyis. gnon. pa. dan. / mig. slu. bar. byed. pas. bsgribs. pa. dan /).}sūkṣmādapi cittavikṣepā-
dapi | indriyoparamaramopaghātādapi | tatpratisaṃyuktajñānā{2 MS ^samyuktajnana^.}pratilambhādapi{3 For pratilambha Tib. has here byun. ba. utpatti.} ||
 [5] yathā hetuphalābhivyaktivāda evaṃ śabdābhivyaktivādo’pyayujyamāno 
draṣṭavya: | tatrāyaṃ viśeṣa: | śabdavādī vyavasthitaśabdalakṣaṇaṃ paśyati yathaiva 
prajñaptaṃ | [6] tasya vyavasthitasya puna: punarabhidhāna{4 Tib. brjod. pahi. MS abhidhana.}yogenoccāraṇā{5 Tib. smra. ba. las. MS. uccarana.}dabhivyaktiriti 
paśyati | yenāsyaivaṃ bhavati nitya: śabda iti tasmādabhivyaktivādo’pyayoga 
vihita: ||
 [atītānāgatadravyasadvāda:] 
atītānāgatadravyasadvāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā [7] 
iha dhārmiko vā {6 Here is something confounded. Tib. reads: chos. hdi. la. kha. 
cig. kyan. hdas. pa. yan. yon., and it lit. means : asti kascid iha 
atito’pi dharmah. The Sanskrit here is as follows : iha dharmiko va 
punah. This occurs again just after a few lines. Now here in 
both the places in the Tib. text we have lit. dharmah (chos) and not 
dharmikah (chos. ldan or chos. dan. ldan. pa. though the latter is 
required. The first Tib. sentence quoted above seems to have been 
confounded somehow or other with the short sentence asty atitam 
after ^evamvadi.}punarayoniśa evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | astyatītaṃ | astyanāgataṃ |{7 Here the Sarvastivada ‘the Doctrine of Existence of All’ is 
referred to. It is propounded by some of the Buddhist teachers,
but is not accepted in true Buddhism (na sasane sadhuh). The real 
significance of the word sarva in sarvam asti ‘all exists’ is the twelve 
dyatanas,i.e., six organs of sense (indriyas) and six objects (visayas). 
See here our text as well as Kosa, v, p. 64.
There are four schools of Sarvastivada headed respectively by 
(1) Bhadanta Dharmatrata. (2) Bhadanta Ghosaka, (3) Bhadanta 
Vasumitra. and Buddhadeva. Dharmatrata holds that while 
the thing undergoes changes it remains substantially the same 
(bhavanyathavadin or bhavanyathika). For instance the substance 
gold undergoes many changes through which it is called 
variously as ‘armlet’, ‘necklace’, ‘ear-ring’ etc. but there is no 
change in the gold itself. Cf. the Parinamavada of the Sankhyas 
and Jinists with special reference to the doctrine of dravya and 
paryaya of the latter. 
Ghosaka upholds the view that the changes undergone by an 
object are in its character (laksananyathavadin or laksananyathika). 
He argues that when the object has entered into its course of exis-
tence, it is said to be ‘past’ it has the character of the ‘past’ but it 
is not entirely deprived of the character of the ‘future’ and the 
‘present’, for example, a man may be attached to a woman, but he 
need not be disgusted with other women. Similarly when the 
object is ‘future’ or ‘present’ it has these characters, but it is not 
entirely devoid of the other two characters. The difference between 
this view and the previous one is that under this view things are 
regarded as ‘past’ on account of the actual presence of a particular character. 
Vasumitra says that the changes undergone by things are 
in their aspects or states (avasthanyathavadin or avasthanyathika). 
He argues saying that when a thing enters the course of existence it 
is spoken of variously according to its varying aspects or conditions
(avasthas) and these variations relate to the aspect and not to the 
substance as the substance remains the same at all the three points 
of time. For example, when a very small ball of clay that is used 
for counting (mrd-gudika) is placed in the place of the number one
it is denominated one; when it is placed in the place of the number
one hundred it is denominated one hundred, and when it is placed 
in the place of the number one thousand it is called one thousand. 
Similarly when the thing is in the state of activity (karitra) it is 
called 'present' . when it has ceased from activity it is 'past' and 
when it has not yet come to the state of activity it is 'future'. So
such expressions are in accordance with the states, though there is no
change in the nature of the substance. 
Buddhadeva maintains the view that the changes are mere 
relative, not substantial (anyathanyathika) and explains it saying 
that when an object enters into the course of existence it is called 
one or the other in relation to what has gone before and what is to 
come. For instance, the same woman is called mother as well as 
daughter. 
The above four teachers may be described in brief as (i) Mode 
changer, (ii) Character changer, (iii) Aspect changer and (iv)
Relative changer respectively. 
See Tattvasamgraha with Panjika, 1786 ff.; Kosa, v, pp. 52 ff..
See also the first work, 1788 ff. For the origin of the Sarvasti-
vada one may be referred to the same work, 1788-1790. For the 
bhavanyathavada. laksananyathavada and avasthanyathavada of 
Dharmatrata. Ghosaka and Vasumitra respectively, cf. dharma 
parinama, laksana^, and avastha^ respectively in the commentary 
of Vyasa on the Yogasutra, III, 13. 
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lakṣaṇena pariniṣpannaṃ | yathaiva pratyutpannaṃ | dravyasat | na prajñaptisat ||
 [Tib. 65a. 1] kena kāraṇena sa evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato 
yuktitaśca ||
@124
āgama: katama: | [sa] {1 Tib. adds. tat (de.)} pūrvavaddraṣṭavya:{2 See above.} |
iha dhārmiko vā [2] puna: sūtrāntānayoniśa: kalyayati | tadyathā | sarva-
mastīti dvādaśāyatanāni{3 Mahaniddesa, Vol. I, p. 133: Sabbam vuccati dvadasayatanani
cakkhu c'eva rupaca sotam ca sadda ca ghanam ca gandha ca jivha 
ca rasa ca kayo ca photthabba ca mano ca dhamma ca. Samyutta-
nikaya, IV. 13: Kim ca bhikkhave sabbam ? cakkhum c'eva rupa ca.
Sotam ca sadda ca, ghanam ca gandha ca, jivha ca rasa ca, kayo ca 
potthabba ca, mano ca dhamma ca idam vuccati bhikkhave sabbam. 
On this see also Majjhima, i. 3, and Kosa, v, p. 64. } | dvādaśāyatanāni lakṣaṇato vidyante | tadyathā astya-
@125
tītaṃ karme{1 See Tattvasamgraha, 1851; asti karmeti^ and its panjika 
with the Eng. Tr. by Ganganath Jha : yady evam katham 
uktam bhagavata : asti tat karma yat ksinam yat nirudham 
viparinatam iti. See here the following from the Samyuktagama, 
iii. 14 (cited in Kosa, v. p 51 and Wogihara's AKV,
pp. 468-9) : rupam anityam atitam anagatam / kah punarvadah pra-
tyutpannasya / evamdarsi srutavan aryasravako'tite rupe 'napekso 
bhavati / anagatam rupam nabhinandati / pratyutpannasya rupasya
nirvide viragaya nirodhaya pratipanno bhavati / atitam ced bhik-
savo rupam nabhavisyan na srutavan aryasravako'tite rupe 
'napekso'bhavisyat / yasmat tarhy asty atitam rupam tasmat sru-
tavan aryasravako atite rupe 'napekso bhavati / anagatam ced 
rupam nabhavisyan na srutavan aryasravako 'nagatam rupam 
nabhyanandisyat, yasmat tarhy asty anagatam rupam tasmat sru-
tavan aryasravako 'nagatam rupam nabhinandati / pratyutpannam 
ced bhiksavo rupam nabhavisyad iti vistarah. 
This passage is quoted also in the Madhyamakavrtti, xxii, 11.} tyuktaṃ bhagavatā | tadyathā [3] astyatītaṃ rūpamastyanāgataṃ yāva-
dvijñānaṃ{2 After this Tib. adds : ayonisah preksate (tshul. bzin. ma. 
yin. par. rtog. go).} ||
yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastāṃkako bhavati mīmāṃsaka iti pūrva [4] -
vat | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | yo dharmo yena lakṣaṇena vyavasthita: [sa] {3 Tib. de. ni.} tena pari-
niṣpanna: | sacetso'nāgato na syāttena tadānupāttasvalakṣaṇa: syāt | sace 
 [5] datīto na syāttena tadā vihīnasvalakṣaṇa: syāt | evaṃ sa satyapari-
niṣpannasvalakṣaṇa: syāt | tasmādapariniṣpannasvalakṣaṇa: syāditi na yujyate |
yena [6] sa evaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī astyatītamapi | astyanāgatamapīti ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaścidicchasyatītānāgatalakṣaṇaṃ vartamānalakṣaṇāda-
bhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā bhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā | [7] sa cedabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | tryadhyavyavasthānaṃ 
lakṣaṇasya na yujyate | sa cedbhinnalakṣaṇaṃ pariniṣpannalakṣaṇaṃ na yujyate ||
sa idaṃ {4 Tib. adds ca or api (kyan).} syādvacanīya: | kacci [Tib. 65b.1] dadhvapatitaṃ dharma nityalakṣaṇa-
micchasi{5 MS icchati for icchasi.}anityalakṣaṇaṃ vā | sa cennityalakṣaṇaṃ tryadhvapatitamiti na 
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yujyate | sa cedanityalakṣaṇaṃ | tena triṣvadhvasu [2] tathaiva vidyata iti na 
yujyate || 
sa idaṃ{1 Tib. evam api (hdi. skad. kyan).} syādvacanīya: | kaccidanāgatasya vartamānamadhvānamāgatiṃ vā paśyasi |
cyutvā vopapattiṃ{2 Here upapatti is to be taken in the sense of utpatti (Tib. skye.) 
as well-known in Buddhist works.} tathaiva vā sthite’nāgate taṃ pratītya vartamānotpattiṃ |
akarmakasya vā sakarmakatvaṃ |{3 Tib. las. mi. byed. pa. zig. las/las. byed. par. hgyur. ra. 
It is not quite clear.} [3] asampūrṇalakṣaṇasya vā sampūrṇalakṣaṇatvaṃ | 
{4 mtshan. nid. ma. rdsogs. pa. zig. las. mtshan. nid. rdsogs. 
par. hgyur. ram.}vilakṣaṇasya vā vilakṣaṇatvaṃ | {5 mtshan. nid. ma. hdra. ba. las/mtshan. nid. mi. hdra. ba. 
ma. yin. par. hgyur. ram/}anāgatabhūtasya vartamānabhāva: | {6 ma. hons. par. gyur. pa. zig. da. ltar. gyi. dnos. por. hgyur.}sacedā- 
gacchati | [4] tena deśasthaścabhavati | vartamānanirviśiṣṭaśca | {7 The text may suggest also ^nirvisesas ca (bye. brag. med.).}śāśvataśceti 
na yujyate | sa ceccyutvopapadyate tenānāgataśca notpanno bhavati | apūrvaścot-
panno bhavati | anutpannaśca [5] cyuto bhavatīti{8 Tib. adds so’pi (de. yan).} na yujyate | sa cettathaiva 
[tatra] {9 Tib. de. la.} sthita:{10 MS sthitam.} pratītyotpadyate | na śāśvataśca{11 Here Tib. reads tena sasvatas ca (des. na. ther. zug. par.).} bhavati | apūrvaścotpanno bhavati | 
anāgataścotpanno [na] {12 Tib. ma. skyes pahi. phyir.} bhavatīti na yujyate | [6] sacedakarmako vā bhūtvā 
sakarmako bhavati | tenābhūtvā bhāva ekata eva{13 Tib. omits these two words.} yathoktā doṣā iti na yujyate |
[35 kha] tacca karma kaccidicchasi tasmādbhinnalakṣaṇaṃ abhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā | [7] sa- 
cedbhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | tasyānāgatalakṣaṇaṃ nāstīti na yujyate | sa cedabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | 
tenākarmako bhūtvā sakarmako bhavatīti na yujyate || 
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[Tib. 66a. 1] yathākarmaka evaṃ {1 Not supported by Tib.} sampūrṇalakṣaṇo vilakṣaṇo’nāgatabhāva-
lakṣaṇo {2 Tib. adds api tatsarupah. (kyan. de. dan. hdra. ba.).}veditavya: | tatrāyaṃ viśeṣa: svabhāvasaṅkaradoṣa iti na yujyate | yathā 
[2] 'nāgataṃ vartamānaṃ ca evaṃ vartamānamatītaṃ ca yathāyogaṃ doṣayuktaṃ draṣṭavya- 
mebhireva kāraṇairanenaivottaramārgeṇeti svalakṣaṇato’pi | sāmānyalakṣaṇato’pi | 
āgatito’pi | [3] cyutito’pi | pratītyotpattito’pi | karmato’pi | sampūrṇa- 
lakṣaṇato’pi | vilakṣaṇato’pi | anāgatabhāvato’pyatītānāgatadravyasadvādo 
na yujyate || 
evaṃ vyākṛte ca puna: satyuttari [4] vadet | sa cedatītānāgataṃ nāsti | 
kathamasadālambanā{3 Tib. lit. analambana (dmigs. pa. med. pa.).} buddhi: pravartate | sā ca puna: pravartate | tatkathamāgamavirodho 
na bhavati | yaduktaṃ sarvamiti yāvadeva dvādaśāyatanānīti | {4 See infra.} sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | 
[5] kaccidicchasi nāstītigrāhikāyā buddhe {5 MS ^grahika yad bu^.}rloke’pravṛttiṃ vā pravṛttiṃ 
vā | sacedapravṛttiṃ | tena yā nairātmyagrāhikā śaśaviṣāṇavandhyā- 
putrādigrāhikā [6] buddhi{6 Tib. med. pa. la.; MS sati ca.}rnaivāstīti na yujyate | yadapyuktaṃ sarvamasti 
yāvadeva dvādaśāyatanānīti tadapi sati sallakṣaṇāstitāṃ [7] sandhāyoktaṃ | 
asati {7 Here in Tib. from lone 6 to line 2 of the next next side some thing different is inserted. It is, however. not clear.}cāsallakṣaṇāstitāṃ | tathāhi sallakṣaṇā api dharmā: sallakṣaṇaṃ 
dhārayanti | [Tib. 66b. 1] asallakṣaṇā api dharmā asallakṣaṇaṃ dhārayanti | 
tasmāddharmā ityucyante | [2] anyathā tu [36 ka] sato jñānādasataścājñānād 
yogino [3] na nirantarajñeyadharmaparīkṣā syāditi na yujyate || 
yadapyuktamastyatītaṃ karma yata: [4] sattvā: savyābaddhā vyābādhāṃ{8 This reading is doubtful. Here in savyabaddha as in MS, 
vyabaddha is neuter. Cf. Pali vyapajjha 'suffering’ which is 
for Skt. vyabadhya. Childers (Dic.) thinks here is a confusion
between the badh and pad both with the prefix vi-, In 
such cases in Pali (Majjhima Nikaya, II, P. 419) byabadha (Skt.}
vyabadha), the form is clearly from vi-a badh. We have in the 
Divyavadana (ed. Cowell and Neil, 1886, p. 105, 1. 12) vyaba- 
dhate. From this it appears that the actual reading here is savyaba- 
dhya vyabaddham. For these two words Tib. reads: gnod. pa. dan. 
bcas. pa. dan/gnod. pa. med. pahi. This suggests : savyabadha 
abadham.}
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vedayantīti | [5] tatrāpi tadvāsanāyāṃ tadastitvopacāramabhipretyoktaṃ | 
yeṣu saṃskāreṣu yacchubhāśubhaṃ karmotpannaniruddhaṃ bhavati tena hetunā tena pratyayena 
[6] viśiṣṭā saṃskārasantati: pravartate sā vāsanetyucyate | yasyā: prabandha- 
patitāyā iṣṭāniṣṭaphalaṃ nirvartate{1 Tib. grub. par. hgyur. lit. sidhyati. It does not agree with 
the MS nivartate. According to Tib. quoted the reading will be 
nirvartate.} iti na yujyate | tato’pi nāsti doṣa: ||
yadapyuktamasti rūpamatītamastyanāgata [7] masti pratyutpannaṃ evaṃ yāvad vijñānamiti{2 See above.} | 
tatrāpi trividhaṃ saṃskāralakṣaṇaṃ sandhāyoktaṃ | hetulakṣaṇaṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ phala
lakṣaṇaṃ ca | [Tib. 67a. 1] hetulakṣaṇaṃ sandhāyoktamastyanāgatamiti | 
svalakṣaṇastitāṃ sandhāyoktamasti pratyutpannamiti | phalalakṣaṇaṃ sandhāyokta- 
mastyatītamiti | [2] ato’pi na doṣa: || 
api caivamayujyamāne dravyato’tītānāgatalakṣaṇe dvādaśākāramanāgata- 
lakṣaṇaṃ veditavyaṃ | hetuprabhāvitaṃ | anutpannaśarīraṃ | [3] pratyayāpekṣaṃ | utpannajātīyaṃ | 
utpattidharmakamapi | ajātasaṃkleśaṃ | ajātavyavadānaṃ | prārthanīyamapi | aprārtha- 
nīyamapi | parīkṣyamapi [4] aparīkṣyamapi | 
dvādaśākārameva pratyutpannalakṣaṇaṃ | phalaprabhāvitaṃ | utpannaśarīraṃ | samavahita{3 Tib. does not support api in the five cases.}- 
pratyayaṃ | utpannajātīyaṃ | kṣaṇikaṃ | anutpattidharmakaṃ | samavahita[5]saṃkleśaṃ{4 Tib. ldan.} | 
samavahitavyavadānaṃ | apekṣāsthānīyaṃ | {5 MS adds here a-.}anapekṣāsthānīyamapi{6 Tib. yid. du. hon. ba. dan.} parīkṣyaṃ | apa- 
rīkṣyamapi{7 Tib. adds yid. du. mi. hon. ba., lit. anistam.} | 
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[atītalakṣaṇamapi dvādaśākāraṃ veditavyaṃ | [6] atītahetukaṃ | atītapratyayaṃ |
atītaphalaṃ | vinaṣṭaśarīraṃ | nirudvasvabhāvaṃ | anutpattidharmakaṃ | saṃśāntasaṃkleśaṃ | 
saṃśāntavyavadānaṃ | [7] apekṣāsthānīyaṃ (?) | anapekṣāsthānīyaṃ (?) | parīkṣyaṃ | 
aparīkṣyaṃ ca ||] {1 Tib. hdas. pa. la. yan. mtshan. nid. rnam. bcu. gnis. yod.
par. rig. par. bya. ste. / rgyu. hdas. pa. dan / rkyen. hdas. pa. dan / 
hbras. bu. hdas. pa. dan / lus. zig. pa. dan / hgags. pahi. ran. bzin. 
can. dan. / ma. skye. bahi. chos. can. dan. / kun. nas. non. mons. pa. 
rnam. par. zi. ba. dan / rnam. par. byan. ba. rnam. par. zi. ba. dan / 
bltos. rnam. par. byan. ba. rnam. par. zi. ba. dan. / bltos. pa. hi. 
gnas. blta. bu. dan / bltos. pa. ma. yin. pahi. gnas. lta. bu. dan / 
brtag. tu. run. ba. dan / brtag. tu. run. ba. ma. yin. paho. //} 
[ātmavāda:] 
ātmavāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇa evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃ- 
vādī | tadyathā | [Tib. 67 b. 1] ito bāhyastīrthya: satyata: sthitita ātmā 
vā sattvo vā jīvo vā poṣo vā pudgalo vetyādi | {2 Mahavyutpatti CCVIII. Tib. de. la. sogs. pa; MS ity evama- 
dikena karanena.} sa [kasmād]{3 Tib. cihi. phyir.} evaṃdṛṣṭirbha- 
vatyevaṃvādī [2] āgamato yuktitaśca || 
tatrāgama: pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavati mīmāṃsaka 
iti pūrvavat | dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ | {4 Tib. akarabhyam (rnam. par. gnis. kyis.) for karanabhyam.} abuddhipūrvaṃ ca sati sattvabuddhipravṛttyupa [3]- 
labdhita: | buddhipūrvaṃ ca {5 For cesta Tib. lit. vicara-(dpyod).}ceṣṭopalabdhita: | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | sacedātmā na syāt 
pañcabhirākārai: pañcavidhavastudarśane satyātmabuddhi[rna]{6 Tib. hjug. par. hgyur. bahi. mi. rigs. : MS omits na.} pravarteta | rūpā [4] kṛtiṃ 
dṛṣṭvā rūpabuddhireva pravarteta na sattvabuddhi: | sukhadu:khāvadīrṇaṃ{7 For avadirnam Tib. lit. ksubdham (gyo. ba.).} saṃskāraṃ dṛṣṭvā saṃjñā- 
buddhireva pravarteta [na] sattvapatitocchritabuddhi: | vedanādibuddhireva pravarteta | na 
sattvapatitocchrita{8 In Tib. for ucchrita (mthos) `high’ is wrongly thos. pa. mean- 
ing sruta.}buddhi: [5] | nāminaṃ nāmasambaddhaṃ saṃskāraṃ dṛṣṭvā saṃjñābuddhireva 
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pravarteta | [na] kṣatriyo vā brāhmaṇo vā vaiśyo vā śudro vā brahmadatto vā guṇa[6]- 
mitro veti sattvabuddhi: | śubhāśubhaceṣṭāsambaddhaṃ [36 kha] saṃskāraṃ dṛṣṭvā saṃskāra- 
buddhireva pravarteta | na bālapaṇḍitasattvabuddhi: | viṣaye[7]vijñānānuvṛttiṃ {1 In Tib. both anuvrtti and `pravrtti’ are hjug. pa. See Maha- 
vyutpatti.} dṛṣṭvā 
citta{2 In Tib. the reading is sems for sems. can.}buddhireva pravarteta | nāhaṃ paśyāmītyevamādisattvabuddhi: | yataścaivamabuddhipūrvameṣu 
[Tib. 68a. 1] pañcasu vastuṣu pañcākārā sattvabuddhireva pravartate na saṃskāra- 
buddhi: | tasmādabuddhipūrvaṃ tāvadasya dṛṣṭvā sattvabuddhipratyupalabdhita evaṃ bhavatya- 
styātmeti || 
tasyaivaṃ [2] bhavati | sacedātmā na syānna saṃskāreṣu buddhipūrvā 
ceṣṭopalabhyeta{3 MS ^labhyate} | ahaṃ cakṣuṣā{4 In Tib. read gis for gi.} rūpāṇi drakṣyāmi paśyāmi dṛṣṭavān | na vā 
drakṣyāmītyevamabhisaṃskārapūrvagamaṃ kṛtvā | [3] yathā darśana evaṃ śrotraghrāṇajihvā- 
kāyamanassu veditavyaṃ | evaṃ kuśalakarmābhisaṃskāre kuśalakarmanirvṛttau{5 Tib. dge. bahi. chos. hgrub. suggesting kusaladharma-nir- 
urttau.} 
akuśalakarmābhi [4] saṃskāre’kuśalakarmanirvṛttā{6 Tib. ^nirvrttau (hgrub. pa.) as above.}vityevamādikā buddhipūrvā ceṣṭā 
nopalabhyeta | na caiṣā saṃskāramātre yujyate | [tasmād]{7 Tib. des. na.} evaṃ bhavatya- 
styātmeti{8 For evam^ ti. Tib. des. na. de. hdi. snam. du. sems. te / bdag.
yod. do. snam. mo / MS. nasty evam bhavaty atmeti.} || 
sa idaṃ syā [5] dvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yadeva paśyati tatraiva sattvabuddhi- 
rutpadyate | āhosvidanyatpaśyatyanyatra sattvabuddhirutpadyate | sa cettatraiva | tena 
rūpādiṣu sattva iti viparyāsānna [6] yujyate’styātmeti | sa cedanyatra | tenā- 
kṛtimānātmeti na yujyate | patitocchrita: | kṣatriyādibālapaṇḍito rūpā- 
diṣu [7]viṣayagrāhaka ātmeti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi svabhāvādeva dharmasya{9 For tad- Tib. expressly sattva- (sems. can. gyi.).} tadbadbyutpattirāhosvitparasvabhāvādapīti{10 In Tib. api is omitted.} | 
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sacetsvabhāvādeva | tena yadeva paśyati tatraiva viparyastā buddhi [Tib. 68b. 1]- 
rityātmabuddhirna yujyate | sacedanyasmādapi{1 Omitted in Tib.} tena sarvaviṣayā: {2 MS adds here sattvasamkhyate. Not in Tib.}sarvaviṣayabuddhe: 
kāraṇībhavantīti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi asattvasaṃkhyāte {3 Tib. adds buddhih (blo) after saced.}sattvasaṃkhyātabuddhiṃ | sattvasaṃkhyāte 
vāsattva [2] saṃkhyātabuddhiṃ | tadanyasaṃkhyāte punastadanyasattvasaṃkhyātabuddhi- 
mutpadyamānāṃ vā no vā | sacedutpadyate{4 Here is a difference between MS and Tib. and both of them 
appear to be defective. Here for sattvo’pi MS has tadanyasattvo 
‘pi. Tib. would lit. read sattvo‘pi tadanyasattvah sattvo’pi tadanya- 
sattvah evidently repeating a few words unnecessarily reading sems. 
can. yan. sems. can. de. las. gzan. pahi. sems. can. yan. de. las. gzan. 
pahi. sems. can. du. hgyur. ro.} tenāsattvo’pi sattva: | [3] sattvo- 
‘pi tadanyasattvo{5 So the MS.} bhaviṣyatīti na yujyate | sacennotpadyate | pratyakṣapramāṇa- 
mapavaditaṃ bhavatīti na yujyate || 
kacci [4] dicchasi yāsau sattvabuddhi: sā pratyakṣārtha{6 MS omits artha while Tib. reads it (don).}grāhikānumānārthagrāhikā 
veti | sacetpratyakṣārthagrāhikā | tena{7 Tib. des. na : MS tatra.} rūpādaya: skandhā eva{8 This is according to Tib., but the MS reads eva before skan- 
dhah.} na sattva: 
pratyakṣa iti na yujyate | sacedānumānikārthagrāhikā [5] tena bāla- 
dārakāṇāmapyanabhyūhya sahasā pravartate iti na yujyate || 
{9 Tib. lit. adds: tatra evam api (de. la. hdi. skad. kyan).}sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi buddhihetukā vā [6] sattvahetukā 
veti | sa cedbuddhihetukā | ātmā ceṣṭa[ta]iti{10 MS cesta. Tib. lit. atmanas cesteti (bdag. gi. spyod. pa. zes. 
byar.) See below where it is repeated. But the actual word cestata is 
found just after a few words.} na yujyate | sa cedātmahetukā | 
buddhipūrvā ceṣṭeti na yujyate || 
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kaccidicchasi anityaśceṣṭāheturnityo veti [7] | sacedanitya: | [37 ka] sa- 
vikāra{1 Tib. lit. vikarad (hgyur. ba. yod. pas).} ātmā ceṣṭa[ta{2 See note 8 above.}] iti na yujyate | sa cennityo nirvikāra: | tena 
nirvikāraśceṣṭata iti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi vyavasāyātmaka: sattvaśceṣṭate [Tib. 69a. 1] ‘vyavasāyā- 
tmako veti | sa cedvyavasāyātmaka: | tadā sadāceṣṭa: punaśceṣṭata iti na yujyate || 
sa cedavyavasāyātmaka: | tenāvyavasāyātmakaśceṣṭata iti na yujyate || 
[2] kaccidicchasi sahetukaṃ sattvaśceṣṭate nirhetukaṃ ceṣṭate veti | sa 
cetsahetukaṃ | sattvasyāpyanya{3 MS anyacestayam for anyas ce^. (Tib. gzan. zig).}śceṣṭāyāṃ preraka iti na yujyate | sacennirhetukaṃ | 
sadā sarvakālaṃ sarvaṃ [3] ceṣṭata iti{4 MS cestati for ce^ ti.} na yujyate{5 Tib. omits na yujyate.} | 
kaccidicchasi sattva: svatantraśceṣṭate paratantro veti | sa cetsvatantra: | ātmano
vyādhiṃ jarāṃ maraṇaṃ du:khaṃ saṃkleśaṃ [prati ?] ceṣṭata iti na [4] yujyate || sa- 
cetparatantra: | ātmā ceṣṭata iti na yujyate || 
sa idaṃ {6 Tib. lit. evam (hdi. skad). So in the above cases.}syādvacanīya: | kaccitskandhamātre sattvaprajñaptimicchasi skandheṣu 
vānyatra vā skandhebhya: | [5] sacetskandhamātre | tena nirviśiṣṭa: skandhebhya: 
satyata: sthitito’styātmeti na yujyate | sacetskandheṣu | sa nityo vā syāda- 
nityo vā | [6] sacennitya: | nityasya sukhadu:khābhyāmanugrahopaghāto{7 So the MS.} na 
yujyate | anugrahopaghāte vā puna: sati dharmādharmayo: pravṛttirna yujyate | dharmā- 
dharmayo: pravṛttāvasatyā{8 Tib. hjug. pa. med. na. ni ; MS pravrttyeva satyam.}matyantaṃ{9 Tib. gtan. for gtan. du.} dehānutpatti: | aprayatne ca sadā{10 MS ya; tib. hbad. mi. dgos. par.} mukta ātmeti 
na yujyate || sacedanitya: | pṛthaksaṃskārebhyo bhaṅgotpattiprabandhapravṛttito 
nopalabhyate [Tib. 69b. 1] iti na yujyate || iha ca vinaṣṭasyānyatrākṛtābhyā- 
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gamadoṣa iti na yujyate | sacedanyatra skandhebhya: | tenāsaṃskṛta: sattva iti 
na yujyate | sacedaskandhaka: {1 The Xylograph is here illegible.} tena [2] sadāsaṃ{2 Tib. rtag.; MS tada.}kliṣṭo’sambandhādātmeti{3 Tib. hbrel. ba. med. pahi. phyir; MS asambaddhadeha^.} na 
yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi draṣṭrādilakṣaṇo vā tadanyalakṣaṇo vā | saceddraṣṭrā [3] di- 
lakṣaṇa: | tena kiṃ darśanādiṣu draṣṭṭatvādyupacāraṃ kṛtvā draṣṭṭatvalakṣaṇa āho- 
svitpṛthaktebhya: | saceddarśanādiṣu [upacāre] {4 Tib. gdags. na. but it seems to read as btags. na.}tena darśanādī [4] nyeva{5 Tib. lta. ba. la. sogs. rnams. nid. lta. ba. por. gyur. gyi /, MS 
darsanad ity eva.} draṣṭṭa- 
ṇītyātmā draṣṭeti na yujyate | nirviśiṣṭa [ātmā]{6 Tib. bdag. ni.} darśanādibhi:{7 Tib. adds-here iti drasta na. yujyate (bye. brag. med. pas. lta.
ba por. mi. run. no.)} | sa cedanya- 
stebhya: | tena taddarśanādikamātmana:{8 In Xylograph the reading is gi for gis after bdag.} karma vā syātkaraṇaṃ vā | sacetkarma | tacca [5] 
bījavat{9 Tib. sa. bon. dan. hdra. bas ; MS jivat.} | tenānityatvānna yujyate | sacetkumbhakārādisaṃvyavahārapuruṣavat | [6] 
tenānityaśca sāṃvṛtaśceti na yujyate | sa kāmakārī ca savārtheṣviti{10 Both the Skt. and Tib. texts are not clear here.} na 
yujyate | sacetpṛthivīvat | [37 kha] tenānityaśca | na ca pṛthivīvatspaṣṭakarmeti na | 
yujyate | [7] tathāhi pṛthivyā: karma spaṣṭamupalabhyate | yadadhastāttadvaśānna patati |
sacedākāśavat | tena rūpābhāvamātra ākāśaprajñaptiriti na yujyate | satya- 
pi ca prajñaptisattve [Tib. 70a. 1] spaṣṭaṃ tatkarmopalabhyate | na tvātmana iti 
na yujyate | tathā hyākāśasya spaṣṭaṃ karmopalabhyate yattadvaśādāgamanagamana-
saṅkocanaprasāraṇādikarma [2] pravartate | tasmāt karmeti na yujyate | 
sacetkaraṇaṃ dātrādivat | tena yathā dātrādanyā chedanādikriyā evaṃ darśanādanyad- 
[3] darśanādyantaraṃ nopalabhyata iti na yujyate | sacedagnivat | tena vyarthāgnikalpaneti 
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na yujyate | tathā hyagnirantareṇāpi dāhakaṃ svayameva dahati | saced [4] 
draṣṭrādilakṣaṇāttadanya: | tena sarvapramāṇahīna ātmeti na yujyate || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yatsaṃkleśavyavadānalakṣaṇayuktaṃ [5] 
tatsaṃkliśyate vā vyavadāyate vā | yadvā tadalakṣaṇayuktaṃ | sacetsaṃkleśavyavadāna-
lakṣaṇayuktaṃ tatsaṃkliśyate vā [6] vyavadāyate vā | tena yeṣu saṃskārepvītaya 
upadravā upasargāstadvyupaśamānugrahā vopalabhyante te saṃskārā: saṃkleśa [7] vyava- 
dānalakṣaṇayuktā: | ato’satyātmani te saṃkliśyante vyavadāyante ceti na yujyate |
tadyathā bāhyabhāvā ādhyātmikāśva dehā: | sacet [Tib. 70b. 1] tadalakṣaṇa- 
yuktaṃ | tena saṃkleśavyavadānalakṣaṇavirahita: saṃkliśyate vyavadāyate {1 Tib. lit. ca (dan) for va.}vātmeti na 
yujyate ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yatpra [2] vartakalakṣaṇayuktaṃ tatpravartate 
ca nivartate ca | tadalakṣaṇayuktaṃ vā{2 Tib. ham ; MS ca for va.} | sacedyallakṣaṇayuktaṃ{3 Tib. gal. te. gan. mtshan. nid. dan. ldan. pa; MS sace yatha- 
laksana^} | tena saṃskāreṣu 
pañcākāraṃ pravartaka{4 In the Xylograph read hjug. pa. for hdug. pa.} [3] lakṣaṇamupalabhyate | tathā hi | yaddhetumadutpādaśīlaṃ 
vyayaśīlamanyonyaparamparāpravṛttaṃ vikāri ca tatpravartakalakṣaṇaṃ | tacca saṃskāre- 
ṣūpalabhyate | tadyathā [4] dehāṅkuranadīdīpayānasrotassu | tenāntareṇātmānaṃ 
saṃskārā eva pravartante nivartante ceti na yujyate | sacettadalakṣaṇayuktaṃ | tena 
pravartaka [5] lakṣaṇahīna ātmā pravartate [nivartate]{5 Tib. ldog. par. hgyur.} ceti na yujyate || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yo viṣayanirjātābhyāṃ{6 Tib. has literally visayajanitabhyam (yul. gyis. bskyed pahi).} sukhadu:khābhyāṃ 
vikāramāpadyate | yaśca cetanayā vikāramāpadyate | [6] yaśca kleśopakleśairvikāra- 
māpadyate | sa bhoktā vā kartā vā moktā veti | {7 Here va is supported by Tib. (ham), for which MS reads ca 
and it is not in Tib.} yo vā na vikāramāpadyate | 
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sacedvikāramāpadyate | tena saṃskārā [7] eva bhoktāra: kartāro moktāra itya- 
nitya ātmā [iti]{1 Tib. hgyur bas. bdag. mi. rtag. par. hgyur. byahi. phyir. mi. run. no.} na yujyate | sacenna{2 MS adds here yo notin Tib. Cf. above saced vikaram apadyate.} vikāramāpadyate | tena moktā 
kartā moktātmeti nirvikāro [Tib. 71a. 1] na yujyate || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasyātmanyeva{3 MS adds before it kartum.} kartrupacāra āhosvidanya-
trāpyātmana: | sacedātmanyeva | agnirdahati | {4 In the Xylograph the reading is hod for yid.}ābhālokaṃ [2] karotīti na 
yujyate || sacedanyatrāpi | tena darśanādiṣvindriyeṣu kartrupacāra iti vyarthātma-
kalpaneti na yujyate || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | [3] kaccidicchasyātmanyevātmopa [38 ka]
cāra āhosvidanyatrāpīti | sa cedātmanyeva | tena saṃvyavahāra: puruṣadehe{5 Tib. mi. lus. na ; MS puruse deha.} guṇa- 
mitro buddhadatta ityevamādi [:] [4] na yujyate | sa cedanyatrā [pi] {6 MS omits api.} | tena saṃskāra- 
mātra ātmopacāra iti vyarthātmakalpaneti na yujyate | tathāhi saṃvyavahāra: 
puruṣa evātra{7 Here atra is not supported by Tib. which suggests api (yan).} sattva iti saṃjñāyate | svayaṃ{8 Not in Tib.} pareṣāmapi vyapadiśyate || 
[5] sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yeyamātmadṛṣṭiriyaṃ kuśalā vā- 
kuśalā veti | sacetkuśalā | tena mūḍh+atarāṇāṃ{9 Tib. simply mudhanam} [6] bhṛśatarotpadyate | antare- 
ṇāpi prayogamutpadyate | mokṣottrāsakarī{10 MS ^kari.} doṣapoṣikā ceti na yujyate || saceda-
kuśalā | tena [tathā] {11 Tib. de. lta.} sati {12 After sati MS adds samyag not in Tib.} aviparyasteti na yujyate | sati ca tadviparyāse 
[7] asyātmeti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi nairātmyadṛṣṭi: kuśalā vākuśalā veti | sacetkuśalā | 
tena satyata: sthitita: satyātmani nairātmyadṛṣṭi: kuśalāviparīteti na yujyate || 
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[Tib. 71b. 1] sacedakuśalā | tena sarvajñadeśitā prayogajanitā mokṣānu-
ttrāsakarī{1 MS mokso’nuttras^} śukla{2 MS adds satya (?).}phalā{3 Here the Xylograph is illegible. One may read here hbras. 
bu. (phala). After this Tib. reads hbrel. du. thob. par. byed.
suggesting sambandhapraptikari.} doṣāṇāṃ pratipakṣabhūteti [2] na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi ātmaivāstyātmeti manyate ātmadṛṣṭirvā || sacedātmaiva | 
tena na kadācinnāstyātmeti buddhi: syāditi na yujyate || sacedātma [3] dṛṣṭi: |
tenāsatyapyātmani saṃskāramātra ātmadarśanavaśādastyātmeti manyata iti na 
yujyate | [tasmādastyātmeti na yujyate ||] 
[4] evaṃ lakṣaṇavyavasthayā saṃkleśavyavadānavyavasthayā pravṛttinivṛtti-
vyavasthayā bhoktṛkartṛ [5] moktṛdraṣṭṭaprajñaptyāpi ātmāstīti na yujyate ||]{4 Tib. adds dehi. phyir. bdag. yod. de. zes. byar. mi. run no. 
After it the following is only in Tib. the first few words of it are 
not clear. Then it runs : de. ltar. na. blo. snon. du. ma. btan. ba. dehi. 
blo hjug. pa. dan / blo [4] snon. du. btan…dan / phun. po rnams. la. 
hdogs. pa. dan. / mtshan. nid. rnam. par. bzag. pa. dan / kun. nas. 
non. mons. pa. dan. rnam. par. byan. ba. rnam. par. bzag. pa. dan / 
hjug. pa. dan. / ldog. pa. rnam. par. bzag. pa. dan. / za. ba. po. dan / 
byed. pa. [5] po. dan. / grol. ba po rnam. par. bzag. pa. dan / byed- 
pa. po. hdogs. brjod. pa. hd^ gs. pa. dan / lta. ba. hdogs. pas. kyan. 
bdag. yod. par. mir. un. no.} 
apitu pāramārthikamātma{5 Tib. yan. dag. pahi. Here yan may be taken for api or tu. In 
that case dag. pahi would mean suddham. yan. dag. together may 
mean paramartha for which we have generally don. dam.}lakṣaṇaṃ vakṣyāmi | dharmeṣvātmaprajñapti: | {6 Tib. chos. rnams. la bdag. hdogs; MS dharmesu. prajnaptis 
tadatma.} [6] 
sa tebhyo’nyānanyatvenāvaktavya: | mā bhūdasya dravyasattvamiti | {7 Tib. rdzas. su. hgyur. du. hon. bahi phyir ?} teṣāṃ vā 
dharmāṇāmātmalakṣaṇatvaṃ | sa puna{8 These two words are not in Tib.}ranityalakṣaṇa: | adhruvalakṣaṇa: | anāśvā- 
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sikalakṣaṇa: | {1 Tib. yid. brtan. du. mi. run. bahi. mtshan. nid. dan. /} vipariṇāmalakṣaṇa: jātidharmalakṣaṇa: | jarāvyādhimaraṇadharma- 
lakṣaṇa: | dharmamātralakṣaṇa: | du:khamātra{2 Here matra is omitted in Tib.}lakṣaṇa: | tathāhyuktaṃ bhagavatā | [Tib. 
72a. 1] itīme bhikṣo dharmā ātmā (?) | {3 Tib. dge. slon. dag. khyod, kyi. (not kyis as read) chos, (here
one letter is obscure) bdag. ni. hdi. yin. te. for ime dharmah in Skt.
Tib. has the singular number.} anityaste bhikṣo ātmā adhruvo{4 Tib. adhruvas te bhikso atma (dge. slon. dag. khyod. kyi.bdag. 
ni. mi. brtan. pa, dan.).}’nāśvāsika: | 
vipariṇāmadharmako bhikṣo ātmetyevamādi || [2] 
api caturbhi:{5 Tib. caturvidhaih (rnam. pa. bzis.).} kāraṇai: saṃskāreṣu sattvaprajñaptirveditavyā{6 Before this word Tib. wrongly puts na (ma).} sukhasaṃvyavahārārthaṃ |
lokānuvṛttyarthaṃ | sarvathā sattvavastu [3] nāstītyuttrāsaprahāṇārtha | ātmani 
paratra ca vyapadeśato guṇasattvadoṣasattvasaṃpratyayotpādanārthaṃ ca | tasmādātma- 
vādopyayoga{7 Tib. yukti (rigs.).}vihita: || 
[śāśvatavāda:] 
[38 kha] śāśvatavāda: [4] katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo veti
pūrvavat | śāśvata ātmā lokaśca | akṛta: akṛtakṛta: |{8 The interpretation in Tib. is this : na krtena krtah (byas. pas. 
byas. pa. ma. yin. pa.).} anirmita: | 
anirmāṇakṛta: [5] abradhya: | kūṭasthāyī iṣikāsthāyī sthita:{9 The word isika which is written variously (as isika, isika
isika) means an arrow or a `small stick of iron or wood’ among other 
things. In Mahavyutpatti (7048) isika is given in Tib, as sin. rtags. 
but it does not help much, the first word being for a tree or wood, and 
the second for `sign’, nimitta, cihna, linga, etc.) In Mahavastu 
there is isikani mapitani. Here isika (n) for isika is used to mean an 
arrow (?) In our own text in Tib. isikasthayin is translated as srog. 
shin. ltar. brtan. par. gnas. pa. and literally means pranataruvat 
sthirasthayin. Now srog. shin. in Tib. also means aksa- or yasti- 
vrksa, meaning `axle’ and pole tree’ respectively. It may be taken 
here in the last sense. In Pali esika or esika means a `pillar’ :
esikatthayin means `as stable as a pillar.’} | tadyathā | 
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śāśvatavādina: ekatyaśāśvatikāśca{1 Cf. Pali ekaccasassatika (Digha Nikaya, 17)} pūrvāntakalpakā aparānta[6]kalpakā vā 
saṃjñivādino’saṃjñivādino naivasaṃjñināsaṃjñivādinaśca | eke vā puna:- 
śāśvatikā: {2 For asa^. Tib. reads rdul. phra. mo. rtag. par. hdzin. to Here 
mo appears to be read mi or ma. but rdul. phra. (=rdul. phra. rab. 
= paramanu) does not give here any appropriate sense.} | kena kāraṇenaivaṃ[7]dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | śāśvata ātmā lokaśca | {3 See digha kikaya, I. 13 ff.} 
tatkāraṇaṃ yathāsūtrameva yathāyogameva{4 Tib. rigs par.} veditavyaṃ ||
tatra pūrvāntakalpakānāṃ mṛdumadhyādhimātra [Tib. 72b. 1]dhyānasaṃni- 
śrayeṇa atītādhvikaṃ pūrvāntaṃ kalpayatāṃ pūrvanivāsānusmṛtyā pratītyasamutpāda- 
kuśalānāṃ{5 Tib. pratityasamutpade kusalanam (rten. cin. hbrel. bar. 
hbyun. ba. la. mi. mkhas. pa). Ms. –padat.} atītasaṃskāreṣu smṛtimātraṃ yathābhūtaṃ saṃprajānatāṃ [2] taddṛṣṭigata- 
mutpadyate | divyacakṣussaṃniśrayaṃ vā punarvartamānādhvikaṃ pūrvāntaṃ kalpayatāṃ kṣaṇa- 
bhaṅgānupravṛttiṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ yathābhūtamaprajānatāṃ vijñānasrota:prabandhanaṃ cāsmāllo-
kātparaṃ loka [3] mupalabhamānānāṃ taddṛṣṭigatamutpadyate | brāhmaṇo vā puna: svamanoratha- 
siddhimupalabhata:{6 MS adds va before upalabhatah, not in Tib. Tib. dmigs. pa. 
See the following words in which we have upalabhamanasya.} mahābhūtavipariṇāmaṃ vijñānavipariṇāmaṃ copalabhamānasya || [4] 
aparānte vā puna: saṃjñāṃ vedanābhedaṃ [ca]{7 Tib. dan.} paśyato{8 Tib. mthon. la ; MS pasyanto.} na {9 Tib. omits sva. MS svalaksanam bhedam.}svalakṣaṇabhedaṃ taddṛṣṭigata- 
mutpadyate | yenāsyaivaṃ bhavati śāśvata ātmā lokaśca ||
aṇunityatvagrāhiṇo{10 Tib. rdul. phra. mi. rtag. par. hdsin. pa. ni. Here for nitya- 
tva there is anityatva. MS asasvatikah.} vā puna 5] rlaukikadhyānasaṃniśrayeṇaivaṃ paśyanti | yathā- 
bhūtaṃ pratītyasamutpādamaprajānato bhāvapūrvakaṃ bhāvānāṃ phalapracayodayaṃ | apacaya- 
pūrvakaṃ ca vināśaṃ [6] kalpayato yenaivaṃ bhavati | aṇubhya: sthūlaṃ dravyamutpadyate | 
sthūlaṃ ca dravyaṃ vibhajyamānamaṇvavasthamavatiṣṭhatīti{11 So the MS. here} | ata: sthūlaṃ dravyamanityaṃ | 
nityā: paramāṇava [iti] {12 Tib. snam. mo.} | 
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[7] tatra pūrvāntakalpakānāmaparāntakalpakānāṃ ca viśeṣalakṣaṇasaṃgṛhīta- 
tvācchāśvatavādasyātmavāde vidūṣita ātmano viśeṣalakṣaṇavādo’pi vidūṣito 
bhavati || 
[Tib. 73a. 1] api ca sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi pūrvanivāsānu- 
smṛti: skandhagrāhikā vātmagrāhikā veti | sacetskandhaprāhikā | śāśvata 
ātmā lokaśceti [2] na yujyate | sacedātmagrāhikā | tenāmukā nāma 
te’bhavan{1 MS bhavantah} sattvā yatrāhamabhūvamevaṃnāmaivaṃjātya{2 MS jatyeti.} iti vistareṇa [kathanaṃ na]{3 Tib. brjod. par. mi.} 
yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi rūpāvalambane [3] cakṣurvijñāne saṃmukhībhūte rūpa eva viṣaye 
samavahite tadanyeṣu viṣayeṣu vyavahiteṣu tadanyeṣāṃ vijñānānāṃ nirodho vā pravṛtti- 
rveti | sacen [4] nirodha: | viruddhaṃ vijñānaṃ nimitta{4 In the Xylograph read rtags. so. for rtag. go., the former 
meaning nimittam.}miti na yujyate | 
sacetpravṛtti: | tenaikena viṣayeṇa sarvakālaṃ sarvavijñānapravṛttiriti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi [5] astyātmana: saṃjñākṛto vā vedanākṛto vā vikāro na 
veti | [39 ka] tena śāśvata ātmā ca lokaśceti na yujyate | sacennāsti | tenai- 
katva[6]saṃjñī bhūtvā nānātvasaṃjñī parīttasaṃjñī apramāṇasaṃjñī bhavatīti na yujyate || 
ekāntasukhī ekāntadu:khī sukhadu:khī [7] adu:khāsukhī bhavatīti na yujyate || 
[tajjīvataccharīravāda:] 
tatra ya: kaścitsajīvastaccharīramiti paśyati sa rūpiṇamātmānaṃ paśyati | 
yo’nyo jīvo’nyaccharīraṃ [iti]{5 Tib. zes, It adds here pasyati (lta. ba) and so in the following 
sentence. For this theory see sutrakrtangasutra.} | so’rūpiṇaṃ | [Tib. 73b. 1] ya ubhayaṃ 
kṛtsna{6 Tib. zad. pa. illegible.}madvayamavikalamātmānaṃ | sa rūpiṇaṃ cārūpiṇaṃ{7 Tib. na. rupinam ca narupinam ca (?) reading gzugs. can.
yan. ma. yin. la / gzugs. can. ma. yin. pa. gan. ma. yin. pa. dan // } ca tadvipakṣe caitamevārtha- 
manyena padavyañjanenā[2]bhiniviśanneva rūpiṇamātmānaṃ nārūpiṇaṃ paśyati ||
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sacetpuna: rūpiṇaṃ vārūpiṇaṃ vā parīttaṃ paśyati so’ntavantaṃ paśyati || sa ceda- 
pramāṇaṃ [3] paśyati so’nantavantaṃ paśyati | sacetkṛtsnaṃ paśyati | rūpāṃśena 
parīttamarūpāṃśenāpramāṇamarūpāṃśena vā parīttaṃ rūpāṃśenāpramāṇaṃ | so’ntavantaṃ cā- 
[4] nantavantaṃ{1 Tib. mthah. med. kyan. med. par. ltaho. Here according to 
the Skt. text for the second med one should read yod.} ca paśyati | tadvipakṣeṇa{2 Tib. supports vipakse (gnen. por) as before.} vā vyañjananānātvaṃ{3 MS ^nanatve.} no tvarthanānātva- 
mabhi{4 anabhinivisan (manon. zen. pa. ma. yin).}niviśannāntavantaṃ nānantavantaṃ{5 Tib. mthah. yod. pa. yan. ma. yin. / mthah. med. pa. yan. ma. 
yin. par. lta. ho. MS ^visann evantavantavantam (evidently wrong) 
nanantavantam.} paśyati mukto vā [5] punaradvayaṃ paśyati || 
[aṇunityatvavāda:] 
aṇunitya[tva]vādī punaridaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi aparīkṣitaṃ vā 
paramāṇunityatvaṃ parīkṣitaṃ vā | sacedaparīkṣitaṃ | tena parīkṣāmantareṇa nityatva- 
niścaya [6] iti na yujyate || sacetparīkṣitaṃ | tena sarvapramāṇaviruddhamiti na 
yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi sūkṣmatvātparamāṇunityatvamāhosvitsthūlaphaladravyabhinnalakṣaṇa- 
tvāt{6 Tib. which reads hon. te. hbras. buhi. rdsas. rags. pa. dan / 
tha. dad. pahi. mtshan. nid. yin. pahi. phyir. MS sthulat phala for / 
sthula phala.} [7] | sacetsūkṣmatvāt | tena yadapacitaṃ {7 Tib. suksmam(phra. ba).} [tad]{8 Tib. de. ni.} durbalatara[miti]{9 Tib. phyir.} nitya- 
miti na yujyate || sacedbhinnalakṣaṇatvāt | tena pṛthivyaptejovāyulakṣaṇamati-
kramyātulyajātīya [Tib. 74a. 1] lakṣaṇā tatkāryotpattirapi na yujyate | 
lakṣaṇāntaramapi nopapadyata iti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi paramāṇubhya: sthūlaṃ dravyamabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā bhinnalakṣaṇaṃ vā | {10 Tib. first bhinna la^ then abhinna la^.} 
[2] sacedabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | nirviśiṣṭaṃ hetunā tathaiva nityaṃ | {11 MS nirvisisto and nityah.} na cāsti hetuniyamo na 
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phalaniyama iti na yujyate || sacedabhinnalakṣaṇaṃ | tena kaccidicchasi vibhaktebhya: 
[3] paramāṇubhyo niṣpadyate saṃyuktebhyo vā | sacedvibhaktebhya: | tena sadā sarva- 
kāryotpattirna ca hetuniyamo na ca phalaniyama [4] iti na yujyate || sacetsaṃ- 
yuktebhya:{1 Tib- adds icchasi (hdod. na.) samyuktebhyah.} | tena kaccidicchasi tasmādanatiricyamānavigrahamūrtti vā{2 So Tib. too (de. las).} atiricya- 
mānavigrahamūrtti veti | {3 MS murtir va.} sacedanatiricyamānavigrahamūrtti | {4 Here, too, Tib. adds icchasi (hdod). See note No. 1.} [5] tanmūrttidravyā- 
niṣpannaṃ na mūrttyeva (?) | {5 tat^ murtyeva is the reading in the MS, but it is doubtful
The Tib. text is also not clear. It runs as follows : rdzas. kyi.
lus. las. grub. pa. ste / lus. de. nid. du. hgyur. bas. ma. run. no.} sacedanatiricyamānavigrahamūrtti | tena paramāṇuniravaya- 
vatvādvibhāge’sati sthūlamapi dravyaṃ nitya [6] miti na yujyate | [39 kha] apūrvapara- 
māṇuprādurbhāve puna: paramāṇurnitya iti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi bījādivatparamāṇūnāṃ sthūladravyārambhakatvaṃ kumbhakārādi- 
vadveti | [7] sa cedvījādivat | tena bījavadanitya iti na yujyate | sa- 
cetkumbhakārādivat | tena cetana: paramāṇuriti na yujyate | sacenna 
[Tib. 74b. 1] bojādivanna kumbhakārādivat | tena{6 Here MS adds sa which is not appropriate nor is supported 
by Tib.} dṛṣṭānto nopalabhyata iti na 
yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi sattva{7 Here it is in the sense of jiva as in Tib. (sems. can),}naimittikī bāhyānāṃ bhāvānāmutpattirnaveti{8 MS bhavati for veti which is supported by Tib.} | [2] sa- 
cetsattvanaimittikī | tena sthūlaṃ dravyaṃ sattvanaimittikaṃ | sūkṣmaṃ dravyaṃ tadāśrayaṃ 
na sattvanaimittikamiti na yujyate | kena tacchaktirvāryate | sacenna sattva- 
naimittikī{9 MS ^naimittikam, but see before where it is to be construed 
with utpatti.} [3] tena niṣprayojano bāhyānāṃ bhāvānāṃ pradurbhāvo na yujyate ||
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iti skandhasattvānusmaraṇato’pi | ekena viṣayeṇa sarvavijñānasrota:pravṛtti- 
to’pi | saṃjñā [4] vedanābhirvikāranirvikārato’pi pūrvāntakalpakānāmaparānta- 
kalpakānāṃ ca śāśvatavādo na yujyate || 
parīkṣāparīkṣaṇato{1 Here the sandhi is pariksa-apariksanatah (Tib. brtags. par- 
dan. ma. brtags. pa. dan).}’pi sāmānyalakṣaṇato’pi mūla{2 For mula we have in Tib. rtsa. ba, but here the actual 
reading is ren, but what does it mean here (?) }lakṣaṇato’pi ārambha- 
to’pi mūla{3 In the Xylograph read gzi for bzi.} [5] prayojanato’pi paramāṇunitya{4 MS anityavado’ pi ; Tib. has rdul. rtag. par. smra. literally 
suggesting rajonityavadah, but evidently rdul. rtag. pa. is to be 
taken here for rdul. phra. rab. (paramanu). or, rdul. phra. mo (anu).} [tva]vādo’pi na yujyate | tasmā- 
deṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: || 
apitu nityalakṣaṇaṃ vakṣyāmi | yatsarvadā nirvikāralakṣaṇaṃ | sarvathā 
nirvikāralakṣaṇaṃ | [6] svayaṃ nirvikāralakṣaṇaṃ | parato nirvikāralakṣaṇamajanma- 
vacca | idaṃ śāśvatalakṣaṇaṃ veditavyaṃ{5 Tib. marks here the end of the seventh section (bam. po. bdun. pa).} || 
[pūrvakṛtahetuvāda:] 
pūrvakṛta [7] hetuvāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo veti 
vistareṇa yathāsūtraṃ | {6 This view is held by the Jains. See below pa. 143, 1. 4 where 
a Nirgrantha is clearly mentioned.} yatkiñcidayaṃ puruṣapudgala: pratisaṃvedayata iti du:kha{7 Tib. sdug. bsnal. las. Read here la for las.}mityabhi | 
prāya: | pūrva [Tib. 75a. 1] kṛtahetukamiti pāpakahetukamityabhiprāya:{8 After it Tib. adds tatha hi (de. ltar.).} | paurāṇā- 
nāṃ karmaṇāṃ tapasā vyantībhāvāditi dṛṣṭadharmikeṇa {9 For kasta Tib. lit. utkatopabhoga (drag. po spyod. pa).}kaṣṭenetyabhiprāya: | [2] navānāṃ 
ca karmaṇāmakaraṇasamuddhātā{10 For samudghata Tib. lit. vipratisedha (dgag. go.). In the 
Xylograph just before it there is something more which is illegible. 
Here are four letters, the first and the last being chu and gyi res- 
pectively.}dityakuśalānāmityabhiprāya: | evamāyatyāmanāsrava
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iti | ekāntakuśalatā āyatyāmanāsrava ityucyate | [3] anāsravātkarmakṣaya 
iti pāpasyetyabhiprāya: | karmakṣayādda:khakṣaya iti pūrvakṛtahetukasya ca dṛṣṭadharmaupa- 
kramikasya{1 Tib. tshe hdihi (drste dharme. lit. asmin kale) gnod. pa. las. 
byun. ba. las. bsams. paho.} cetyabhiprāya: | du:kha[4]kṣayādda:khasyāntakriyā bhavatīti anyajanma- 
prābandhikasyetyabhiprāya: | tadyathā nirgranthā: || 
kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca || 
[5] āgama: pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavatīti 
pūrvavat | dṛṣṭe dharme puruṣakārasya vyabhicāradarśanata: | tathā hi | sa paśyati loke 
[6] samyakprayogavatāmapi du:khamutpadyamānaṃ | mithyāprayogavatāmapi sukhamutpadya- 
mānaṃ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati sacetpuruṣakārahetukaṃ syāt | tadetadviparyayātsyāt | 
yasmāttanme tadviparyayādbhavati [7] tasmātpūrvahetukametaditi yenaivaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃ- 
vādī || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yattaddṛṣṭadharmaupakramikaṃ{2 MS ^dharmopa^} [Tib. 75b. 1]
du:khaṃ tatpūrvakṛtahetukaṃ vā dṛṣṭadharmopakrama[40 ka]hetukaṃ veti | sacetpūrvakṛtahetukaṃ | 
tena paurāṇānāṃ karmaṇāṃ tapasā vyantībhāvātpratyutpannānāṃ [2] vā karaṇasamuddhātā- 
devamāyatyāmanavasrava iti vistareṇa na yujyate | saceddaṣṭadharmopakramahetukaṃ | 
yatkiñcidayaṃ puruṣapudgala: pratisaṃvedayate sarvaṃ [3] tatpūrvakṛtahetukamiti na 
yujyate ityaupakramikasya du:khasya pūrvakṛtahetukatā{3 Here and in the following word MS ^hetukato^ for hetukata^
Tib. text after rgu. las. byun. ba. the sense of nid (-ta) is to be 
understood.}pi puruṣakārahetukatāpi na 
yujyate | tasmādeṣo’pi{4 Tib. yan, it is omitted in the MS.} vādo’yogavihita: || 
[4] api tvastyekāntena pūrvakṛtahetukaṃ du:khaṃ | yathāpīhaikatya: svakarmādhi- 
patyenāpāyeṣu votpadyate nīceṣu vā kṛcchreṣu vā kuleṣu | asti [5] vyāmiśra- 
hetukaṃ du:khaṃ | tadyathā | rājānaṃ mithyā{5 Here according to Tib. the sense of mithya is `deceit’ (gyos. 
instrumental of gyo). Here in this and in the following sentence 
read bsten for brten in the Xylograph.} sevato yanniṣphalahetukaṃ du:khaṃ | yathā 
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rājānaṃ sevata evaṃ vyavahāra{1 By this word the Tib. translator understands grhabhilasa 
(khyim. so).}karmāntān kurvata: kṛṣi[6]karmāntān steyakarmā- 
ntān | parāpakāreṣu vā pravartamānasya | supuṇyasya samṛdhyatyapuṇyasya viphalī- 
bhavati puruṣakāra: | ekāntena puruṣakārahetukaṃ | {2 Tib. adds after it apy asti (yan yod).} tadyathā navamanyabhavā{3 Tib. srid. pa. MS looks to read bhava-.}kṣepakaṃ 
karma | saddharma śṛṇvato dharmānabhimukhamabhisambudhyata: īryāpathaṃ kalpayata: śilpa- 
karmasthānāni śikṣata: | ityevaṃ [Tib. 76a. 1] bhāgīyā: puruṣakārahetukā: ||
[īśvarādikartṛvāda:] 
īśvarādikartṛvāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo veti vista- 
reṇa pūrvavat | yatkiñcidayaṃ puruṣapudgala: [2] pratisaṃvedayate sarvaṃ tadīśvaranirmāṇa- 
hetukaṃ vā puruṣāntaranirmāṇahetukaṃ vetyevamādi | tadyathā īśvarādiviṣaya- 
hetuvādina: | kena kāraṇenaivaṃ [3] dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca | 
āgama: pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavatīti pūrvavat | 
hetau ca phale ca [4] kāmakārapravṛttidarśanata: | tathā hi | sattvā hetukāle ca 
śubhe pravartsyāma ityakāmakā: pāpe’pi pravartante | phalakāle ca sugatau svargaloke 
deveṣūpapatsyāma: [5] ityapāyeṣūpapadyante | sukhamupabhokṣyāma iti du:khamevopa- 
bhuñjate | yenaiṣāmevaṃ bhavati asti sa kaścitkartā sraṣṭā [6] nirmātā pitṛbhūto 
bhāvānāmīśvarastadanyo veti || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | uddānaṃ 
sāmarthyāsambhavādantarbhāvābhāvavirodhata: 
[7] saniṣprayojanatve{4 From this one is to understand both saprayojanatva and nis- 
prayojanatva as clear from Tib. dgos. pa. dan. mi. dgos. pa. med.}’pi hetutve doṣasambhavāt || 
yattadīśvarasya nirmāṇasāmarthyaṃ tatkaccidicchasi karmayoga{5 MS yogena^. Here and in the following sentence according to 
Tib. tat refers to isvara.}hetukaṃ vāhetukaṃ 
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veti | sacetkarmayogahetukaṃ [Tib. 76b. 1] tatkarmayogahetukaṃ jagaditi{1 Tib. des. na. dban. phyug. gi. las. dan. rnal. hbyor. gyi. rgyu. 
las. hgro. ba. bhyun. no. MS adds na here and in the following 
sentence before jagad which in not in Tib.} na 
yujyate || sacedahetukaṃ | tena tadahetukaṃ{2 See the preceding note.} jagaditi na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi īśvaro jagatyanta{3 Tib. jagad for jagaty.}rbhūto [2] ‘nantarbhūto veti | sacedantarbhūta: | 
jagatsamānadharmā jagatsṛjatīti na yujyate || sacedanantarbhūta: | tena mukto 
jagatsṛjatīti [3] na yujyate | 
[40 kha] kaccidicchasi saprayojanaṃ vā sṛjatyaprayojanaṃ veti | sacetsaprayo- 
janaṃ | tena tasminprayojane’nīśvaro jagadīśvara [4] iti na yujyate || sacenni- 
ṣprayojanaṃ | tena nāsti ca prayojanaṃ sṛjatīti ca na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi īśvarahetuka: sargastadanyopādānahetuko veti | sace [5]-
dīśvarahetuka eva | tena yadeśvarastadā sarga: | yadāsargastadeśvara itīśvara- 
hetuka: sarga iti na yujyate || sa ce[6]ttadanyopādānahetuka: | tena tadicchā- 
hetuko vā syādicchāṃ vā sthāpayitvā tadanyopādānahetuka: | sacettadicchā- 
hetuka: | sāpīcchā [7] kimīśvarahetukaiva tadanyopādānahetukā vā | sa- 
cedīśvarahetukaiva | yadeśvarastadecchā yadecchā [Tib. 77a. 1] tadeśvara iti 
nityaṃ sargeṇa bhavitavyaṃ | sa cedanyopādānahetukā | tacca{4 Here tat refers to upadana as in Tib. reading len. pa. yan.} nopalabhyate | tatra{5 This too refers to upadana, Tib. reading len. pa. la.} 
ca neśvaro jagadīśvara [2] iti na yujyate || 
iti sāmarthyato’pi | antarbhāvānantarbhāvato’pi | saprayojananiṣprayojana- 
to’pi | hetubhāvato’pi na yujyate | tasmādayogavihita eṣo’pi vāda: || {6 For similar grounds of Mimamsists see Kumarila’s sloka- 
varttika (sambandhaksepaparihara section).} 
[hiṃsādharmavāda:] 
[3] hiṃsādharmavādva: katama: | yathāpīhekatya iti vistareṇa pūrvavat | {7 In the Xylograph the reading is snon for snam.} yajñeṣu
mantravidhipūrvaka: prāṇātipāta: | yaśca juhoti yaśca [4] hūyate ye ca tatsahāyā- 
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steṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ svargagamanāya bhavatīti | kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī 
bhavatīti | {1 Tib. adds cet (zes. na) ; MS omits iti.} utsaṃstha{2 Here the word utsamstha- as in the MS seems to be new. Tib.
reads tshigs. las. hdus. par. smra. ba. yin. te. But it, too. does not 
help in giving the sense.}vāda eṣa śaṭhaviṭhapito{3 For vithapitah. (from vi- stha) a Buddhist Sanskrit or 
Pali word. Tib. bsrgub. pa. meaning vihita.} natu yukti[5]mabhisamīkṣya vyavasthā- 
pita: | kaliyuge pratyupasthite brāhmaṇai: paurāṇaṃ brāhmaṇadharmamatikramya māṃsaṃ 
bhakṣayitukāmairetatpratyupakalpitaṃ ||{4 See the Brahmana-dhanikasutta in the Suttanipata.} 
apitu{5 Tib. tatra (de. la).} sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: kaccidicchasi yo’sau mantravidhi: [6] sa dharma- 
svabhāvo vādharmasvabhāvo veti | saceddharmasvabhāva: | tenāntareṇāpi{6 Tib. omits api.} prāṇāti- 
pātaṃ svamiṣṭaṃ{7 Tib. adds here phalam (hbras. bu).} na nirvartayati{8 Tib. hgrub; MS nivartayati.} | adharmadharmī karototi na yujyate || [7] saceda- 
dharmasvabhāva: | tena svayamaniṣṭaphalo dharmo’nyamaniṣṭaphalaṃ vyāvartayatīti na yujyate | 
evaṃ vyāvṛtte ca puna: satyuttari vadet | [Tib. 77b.] tadyathā nāma viṣaṃ 
mantravidhiparigṛhītaṃ na vinipātayati | tadvadihāpi mantravidhirdraṣṭavya iti || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yathā mantra [2] vidhirbāhyaṃ viṣaṃ{9 MS bahyavisam; Tib. may suggest both. But after three 
lines there is bahyam visam.} praśama- 
yati evamādhyātmikaṃ rāgadveṣamohaviṣamiti | sacettathaiva śamayati | sa ca 
praśamo na [3]kutracitkadācitkasyacittathopalabhyata iti na yujyate || sacenna 
praśamayati | tena yathā mantravidhirbāhyaṃ viṣaṃ praśamayati tathādharmamiti na 
yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi mantra[4]vidhi: sarvatrago’sarvatrago veti | sa cetsarvatraga: | iṣṭa: 
svajana ādito na hūyata iti na yujyate || atha sarvatraga: | tena śaktirasya 
vyabhicaratīti na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi [5]mantravidhi [41 ka] rhetumeva vyāvartayituṃ samartha āhosvitphala- 
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mapi | sa ceddhetumeva | tena phalaśaktihīna iti na yujyate || sacetphala[6]mapi | 
tena paśurapi paśukāyaṃ hitvā devakāyaṃ gṛhṇātīti{1 Here the MS with two queries as noted in the following 
sentence quoted here does not give any satisfactory reading, nor do 
we get much help from Tib. The MS reads : pasva (?) yupam bhitva
(?) devadyartham vigrhnatiti. In Tib. after tena there is a subor- 
dinate clause its equivalent being not in MS. giving simply an 
example. but it itself is not clear to the editor : des. na. hdod. dgur. 
sgyur. bahi. grugs (?) can. bzin. du. Then runs the Tib. text which 
is translated in the body : phyugs. kyan. phyugs. kyi. lus. spans. 
nas. lhahi. lus. hdzin. par. hgyur. bas.} na yujyate || 
kaccidicchasi yo’sau mantrāṇāṃ praṇetā sa śakta:{2 Tib. nus ; MS saktah.} [7] kāruṇiko vā | 
śakto’kāruṇiko veti | sacecchakta: kāruṇika: | tadāntareṇa prāṇātipātaṃ 
sarvaṃ lokaṃ svargaṃ nayatīti [Tib. 78a. 1] na yujyate || sacedaśakto’kāruṇika: | 
tena mantrastasya samṛdhyatīti na yujyate || 
iti hi hetuto’pi dṛṣṭāntato vyabhicārato’pi phalaśakti[2]hānito’pi 
mantrapraṇetṛto’pi na yujyate | tasmādeṣo [‘pi]{3 Tib. yan.} vādo’yogavihita: ||
yacca na dharmāya kalpate tasya lakṣaṇaṃ vakṣyāmi | yatparavyābādhakaṃ{4 Tib. pha. rol. gsod. pahi ; MS punar avyabadhakam.} karma na ca 
dṛṣṭaṃ [3] doṣapratikriyaṃ{5 In the Xylograph read gnen. po for gnan. po.} tattāvanna dharmāya kalpate | yacca sarvapāṣaṇḍi[ke]ṣu 
siddhā{6 Tib. prasiddha (grags. pa) for siddha.}niṣṭaphalaṃ | yacca sarvajñairekāṃśena bhāṣita{7 Tib. gsuns ; MS bhavitam.}makuśalamiti [4] svayamanīpsitaṃ 
ca yat | kliṣṭena ca cetasā yatsamutthāpitaṃ | vidyādi{8 In Tib. adi is omitted. Here vidya is used according to Tib.
(rig. snags), in the sense of a charm or a magic formula.}maṅgalopetaṃ ca yat{9 Tib. adds here svayam nanagamoktam ca yat (ran. bzin. gyis.
lun. du. ma. btsan. pa. gan. yin. pa.)} 
tadapi na dharmāya bhavati || 
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[antānantikavāda:] 
[5] antānantikavāda: {1 See Digha Nikaya, I. pp 22 ff.} katama: | tadyathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā 
laukikadhyānasaṃniśrayeṇāntasaṃjñī{2 Tib. mthah. yod. par. hdu. ses. pa ; MS anantaka^.} lokasya viharatyanantakasaṃjñī [6] ubhaya-
saṃjñī nobhayasaṃjñī | yathāsūtrameva vistareṇa | evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī antavālloṃ^ko 
yāvannaivāntavān nānanta iti | [7] atra kāraṇa{3 Tib. adds here purvam (snar).}muktarūpameva veditavyaṃ |{4 This punctuation is as in the MS, but according to Tib. the 
danda is to be put after pudgalas ca (hdir. yan. gtan. tshig. pa. dan / 
gan. zag. ni. snar. bstan. pahi. tshul. bzin. rigs. par. byaho //). 
But this cannot be construed. Somehow or other pudgala here 
may be connected with loka referred to above.} 
pudgalaśca || 
tatrocchedaparyavasānato lokasyāntaṃ samanveṣamāṇo yadā saṃvarta [Tib. 78b. 1] 
kalpaṃ samanusmarati tadāntakasaṃjñī bhavati | yadā vivartakalpaṃ tadānantakasaṃjñī | 
deśavaipulyaparyavasānato vā puna: samanveṣamāṇo yadādho’vīce: [2] pareṇa nopa- 
labhate{5 MS labhyate ; Tib. lit. pasyati (mthon), so in the following 
sentence.} | ūrdhvaṃ ca caturthadhyānātpareṇa nopalabhate | tiryak sarvatra pa[re]ṇopa{6 Tib. pha. rol. yan. Accordingly here is api for upa.}- 
labhate | tadordhvamadhaścāntakasaṃjñī tiryaganantasaṃjñī | [3] tadvipakṣeṇa vā punarvyañjana-
viśeṣābhiniveśo{7 Tib. mnon. par. zen. la.; MS ^pratinirdeso.} na tvarthābhiniveśo (?) naivāntakasaṃjñī nāpyanantakasaṃjñī || 
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | [4] kimicchasi tata: saṃvartakalpādarvāgasti loka{8 Tib. hjig. rten. hbyun. ba.; MS caloka^}- 
pravṛttirnaveti | sacedasti | antavālloṃ^ka iti na yujyate || sacennāsti | tena 
loke{9 Tib. hjig. rten. na; MS aloka.}sthito’ntaṃ loka{10 Tib. rjes. su.; MS lokasya na.}syānusmaratīti [5] na yujyate || 
ityarvāgbhāvato’pi na yujyate | tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: || 
@149
[amarāvikṣepavāda:]
amarāvikṣepavāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: |...{1 Here is a lacuna in the MS of about two lines. In the MS 
here a few unconnected words or latters are however found giving no 
sense. (Tib. 78b. 6-79a. 1). The Tib. Text is not quite clear 
containing a few words which are illegible. For this theory see 
Digha Nikaya T. 24 and its commentary.} [Tib. 79a. 2] 
mandamomuha eva | [tatra]{2 Tib. de la.} prathamo mṛṣāvād[bhayabhī]to{3 Tib. smra. bas. hjigs. shin. hdzom. pa. dan.}’jñānabhayabhītaśca spaṣṭaṃ 
na vyākaroti na jānāmīti | dvitīya:{4 Tib. adds here drstibhayabhitah. (lta. bas. hjigs. shin. hdzom.
pa. dan).} [3]{5 MS adds suvisaradah. sva adhikha (?) (It appears for svadhi- 
gatavan asmiti-See below). It is not in Tib.}paryanuyogabhayabhīto [41 kha] mṛṣā{6 In Tib. mrsa is omitted.}- 
vādabhayabhīti mithyā{7 In Tib. the order of these three adjectives is as mithya 
mrsa^ and paryanu.^ But see the next sentence in the text.}dṛṣṭibhayabhīta:{8 In Tib. mithya is omitted.} spaṣṭaṃ na vyākarotyadhigatavānasmīti | 
tṛtīyo [4] mithyādṛṣṭibhayabhīta: paryanuyogabhayabhīta: spaṣṭaṃ na vyākarotya- 
hamadhigatavānasmīti{9 For aham adhi^ Tib. bdag. ni. nes. pa. ma. yin. no Zes., lit. 
na me niscaya iti or naham niscinomiti. For this the MS reads anir- 
mito’ (?) smiti.} | te [5] ta [trā] {10 der.}pyanyenānyaṃ pratisaṃ[ha]ranto{11 For apy anyenanyam pratisam [ha] ranto MS read prati- 
samrato. For the last word Tib. gzan. dan. gzau. du. rlu. skur. bar.
byed. pas. It appears to suggest anyathanyatha vatapreranena. 
Somehow or other it is to be construed.} vācā 
vikṣepamāpadyante | caturtha: paryanuyogabhayabhīta evaṃ sarveṇa sarva{12 Here in Tib. this phrase. sarvena sarvam is construed with 
akusalatvad not in MS before momuho’ smiti which follows.}mabhyudayamārgo 
ni:śreyasamārga iti [6] vyañjanamātrakuśalo{13 Tib. omits kusalah.}’pi spaṣṭaṃ na vyākaroti momuho’-
smīti | sa parameva saṃpṛcchati | tadanuvidhānato vācā vikṣepamāpadyate | 
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teṣāṃ vādānāṃ kāraṇa [7] mapyuktarūpaṃ | pudgalo’pyuttaramapi yathāsūtrameva | yata eva 
bhītāstatra parā{1 For this Tib. sthitah (gnas). This shows that tatra parah 
means tannisthah.} viharantīti | yatra punareṣāmevaṃ bhavati | evamāgate prati- 
vādini tatra śāṭhyena pratipattavyamiti | [Tib. 79b. 1] idamatra dṛṣṭigataṃ 
veditavyaṃ | tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: || 
[ahetukavāda:] 
ahetukavāda:{2 See Majjhima Nikaya, I. 408.} katama: | so’pi dhyānasaṃniśrayeṇa tarkasaṃniśrayeṇa ca dvividho
[2] yathāsūtrameva veditavya: | kena kāraṇena tarkasaṃniśrayeṇaivaṃ paśyatyahetuka{3 Tib. rgyu. med. pa. las ; MS sahetukam.}- 
mutpanna ātmā lokaśca samāsena | anabhisandhipūrvakamādhyātmikabāhyānāṃ bhāvā- 
nāmaparimāṇaṃ vai [3] citryamupalabhya | hetūnāṃ caikadā vaicitryamupalabhya | akasmā- 
dekadā vāyavo vānti ekadā na vānti | akasmādekadā nadya: syandanti ekadā- 
na syandanti | akasmādeke vṛkṣā: [4] puṣpanti phalanti ekadā na puṣpanti na 
phalantītyevamādi || 
sa evaṃ syādvacanīya: | kimabhāvaṃ vānusmarasyātmānaṃ vā | sacedabhāvaṃ | 
[5] abhāva[ma]saṃstutamaparicitaṃ samanusmarasi ceti na yujyate || sacedātmānaṃ |
tenāhaṃ pūrvaṃ nābhūvaṃ paścātsamutpanna iti na yujyate || 
ityabhāvānusmaraṇatopyātmānusmaraṇatopyādhyātmikabāhyānāṃ bhāvānāṃ 
nirhetukavaicitryato’pi [Tib. 80a. 1] sahetukavaicitryato’pi na yujyate | 
tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: || 
[ucchedavāda:]
ucchedavāda:{4 See Vinaya, I. 235 ; III. 2 ; Digha. I. 34. 55.} katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyeyaṃ[2]- 
vādī yāvadātmārūpyaudārikaścāturmahābhūtikastiṣṭhati[42 ka] dhriyate yāpayati{5 Generally for it Tib. reads bzes. or gzes, but here it appears 
to read snod (not quite legible), it does not, however, give any sense.} 
tāvatsaroga: sagaṇḍa: saśalya: [sajvara: sapari [3] tāpa:]{6 Tib. rims. dan. bcas. pa. yons. su. gdun. ba. dan. bcas. pa. yin. te /} | yataścātmo-
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cchidyate vinaśyati na bhavati paraṃ maraṇādiyatātmā samucchinno bhavati || evaṃ
divya: kāmāvacaro divyo rūpāvacaro’rūpyākāśānantyā[4]yatanopago yāva-
nnevasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanopaga: | yathāsūtrameva vistara: | tadyathā saptocchedavādina: ||
kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭi[5]rbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca | āgama:
pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavati pūrvavat | tasyaivaṃ
bhavati | sacedātmā [6] paraṃ maraṇātsyādakṛtābhyāgamadoṣa: karmaṇāṃ 
bhavet | sacedātmā sarveṇa sarvaṃ{1 Tib. atyantam (gtan) for sarvena sarvam.} na syāt | tenopabhogo’pi karmaphalānāṃ
na bhavet | ubhayathāyujyamānatāṃ paśya[7]nnevaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī ātmocchidyate 
vinaśyati na bhavati paraṃ maraṇāditi | tadyathā kapālāni bhinnānyapratisandhikāni
bhavanti | aśmā vā bhinno’pratisandhiko bhavati | tadvadatrāpi nayo draṣṭavya: ||
[Tib. 80b. 1]sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi skandhā vā samucchi-
dyante | [ātmā vā samucchidyate] |{2 Tib. hon. te. bdag. chad. par. hgyur. bar. hdod.} sacetskandhā: | tena skandhā anityā:
[hetu] {3 Tib. rgyu. dan.}phalaparamparā: [2]pravṛttā: samucchidyante ceti na yujyate || sacedātmā
[samucchidyate]{4 Tib. chad. par. hdod. na. ni. Thus here it adds iti icchasi.} rūpyaudārikaścāturmahābhūtika: saroga: sagaṇḍa: saśalya: [sajvara:
sapari[3]tāpo]{5 Tib. rims. dan. bcas. pa./yons. su. gdun. ba. dan. bcas. pa. 
dan/} divya: kāmāvacaro divyo rūpāvacaro rūpyākāśānantyā-
yatanopago yāvannaivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanopaga iti | [4] [evaṃ]{6 Tib. de. ltar.} skandhasamucche-
dato’pi na yujyate || tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: ||
[nāstikavāda:]
nāstikavāda:{7 See Samyutta Nikaya. III. 73 ; Majjhima Nikaya, I. 403.} katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃ-
vādī | nāsti dattaṃ nāstīṣṭamiti [5] vistareṇa yāvanna loke’rhanniti{8 Tib. hjig. rten. na. dgra. bcom. pa. med. do. zes. bya. bahi. 
bar. du/ MS loko’ abhinna iti for loke’ rhann iti For the Nastika-
vada See Digha Nikaya, I. 55; Sutrakrtangasutra. I. 1. 11, ff.} |
evaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | sarva sarvalakṣaṇena nāstīti ||
@152
kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭi[6]rbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca |
{1 Tib. adds here tatra (de. la.).}āgama: pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavatīti 
pūrvavat | [sa]{2 Tib. de.} laukikadhyānasaṃniśrayeṇa[7]kṛtsnamāyurekatyaṃ{3 After this Tib. has thog. thog. du. (read tu for du) the meaning of which is not quite clear.} paśyati dāna-
patiṃ{4 In the Xylograph the reading is sbyin. bdag. for sbyin. pa. dag.} | paśyati cainaṃ cyutaṃ{5 Tib. adds mrtyu (hchi. ba.)} kālagataṃ nīceṣu kuleṣu pratyājāyamānaṃ | [daridreṣu
dīneṣu nirdhaneṣu]{6 Tib. reads dbul. po. dan/ bkren. pa. dan./ nor. med. pa. dag. tu.} | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | [Tib. 81a. 1] nāsti dattaṃ | nāstīṣṭaṃ |
nāsti hutaṃ | puna: paśyatyekatyaṃ{7 MS adds here susamapta not in Tib.} sucaritacāriṇaṃ vā duścaritacāriṇaṃ vā |
paśyati cainaṃ cyutaṃ kālagatamapāya[2]durgativinipāte narakeṣūpapadyamānaṃ |
sugatau vā svargaloke deveṣūpapadyamānaṃ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | nāsti sucaritaṃ |
nāsti duścaritaṃ | nāsti sucarita[3]duścaritānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ vipāka: ||
puna: paśyatyekatyaṃ kṣatriyaṃ brāhmaṇajātāvupapadyamānaṃ | vaiśyajātau śūdrajātau |
brāhmaṇaṃ vā{8 MS adds ksatriyam va.} kṣatriyajātau vaiśyajātau [4] śūdrajātau | evaṃ vaiśyaṃ śūdraṃ |
tasyaivaṃ bhavati | nāstyayaṃ loka: paralokātkṣatriyādīnāṃ kṣatriyāditvāya | [5]
nāsti paraloko’smāllokātkṣatriyādīnāṃ kṣatriyāditvāya | [42 kha] vītarāgaṃ
puna: paśyatyadhobhūmāvupapadyamānaṃ | mātaraṃ vā puna: paśyati duhitṛbhāvāyopa-
padyamānāṃ | duhitaraṃ vā punarmātṛbhāvāya | [6] pitaraṃ putrabhāvāya | putra-
meva vā puna: pitṛbhāvāya | tasya mātāpitraniyamaṃ dṛṣṭvā bhavati nāsti
mātā | nāsti pitā | ekatyasya vā pudgalasyopapattiṃ samanveṣamāṇo na
paśyati | [7] sa ca pudgalo’saṃjñikeṣu vopapanno bhavatyārūpyeṣu vā | parinirvṛto
vā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | nāsti sattva upapāduka{9 Omitted in Tib.}stadāyatanamaprajānata:
@153
[Tib. 81b. 1] arhattvābhimāniko vā puna: svayamātmana: upapattiṃ paśyati
cyavamāna: | tasyaivaṃ bhavati | na santi loke’rhanta iti vistareṇa | kena
kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī nāsti sarvaṃ sarvalakṣaṇeneti |{1 Tib. thams. cad. ni. mtshan. nid. thams. cad. kyis. med. do.
The Xylograph is here very indistinct, MS with a query mark
sarvatra ksane (?) meneti.} [2] ye te tathāgata-
bhāṣitā: sūtrāntā gambhīrā gambhīrābhāsā{2 Elsewhere we have gambhirabhasah.} nirabhilapyadharmatāmārabhya |
nānyathābhūtamaprajānata: | [3] ayoniśaśca{3 Tib. tshul. bzin. ma. yin. pas.; MS ayonis ca.} dharmalakṣaṇaṃ vyavasthāpayato nāstidṛṣṭi-
rutpadyate | yenāsyaivaṃ bhavati nāsti sarvaṃ sarvalakṣaṇeneti ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi astyupapa [4] dya vedanīyaṃ karma [apara-
paryāyavedanīyaṃ |]{4 Tib. lan. grans. gzan. la. myon. bar. hgyur. bahi. las. kyan. yod. pa. ham.} āhosvitsarvamevopapadya vedanīyaṃ |{5 According to Tib. the word eva (kho. nar.) is to be put after vedaniyam.} sa cedasti | tena
nāsti dattaṃ nāstīṣṭaṃ | nāsti hutaṃ | [5] nāsti sucaritaṃ | nāsti duścaritaṃ |
nāsti sucaritaduścaritakarmaṇāṃ phalavipāka:{6 MS adds iti not supported by Tib.} | nāstyayaṃ loka: | na paraloka iti 
yujyate | sa ce[6]nnāstyaparaparyāyavedanīyaṃ | tena yo’pyanya: śubhāśubha-
karmābhisaṃskāra: sa sakṛdupapadya{7 MS adds here ca not in Tib.} śubhāśubhakarmaṇāṃ vipākaṃ{8 Tib. rnams. kyi ; MS ^karmano.} pratisaṃvedayata iti na
yujyate ||
[7]kaccidicchasi yā{9 MS yo.} yaṃ janayati mātā vā sā tasya na veti | yo yasya{10 In Tib. read gan. gi. for gan, gis.}
bījātsaṃbhavati pitā vā sa [tasya]{11 Tib. dehi; MS omits it.} na veti | sacenmātā vā pitā vā |
nāsti mātā | nāsti piteti na yujyate | sace [Tib. 82a. 1]nna mātā na
@154
pitā{1 Tib. adds api (yan) after both mata and pita.} tena janayati | tadbījācca sambhavati | sa ca mātā piteti na yujyate ||
yadā mātā pitā bhavati | tadā [na] duhitā na putra:{2 Tib. bu. mo. dan. bu. bo (?) dan. ma. yin. la.} | yadā duhitā putro 
bhavati tadā na mātā na pitā{3 This is what we have in Tib. reading gan. gi. tshe. ma. dan. 
phar. gyur. pa. dehi. tshe. ni. bu. mo. dan. bu. bo (?). ma. yin. la./ 
gan. gi. tshe. bu. mo. dan. bu. bor(?). gyur. pa. dehi. tshe. ni. ma. 
dan. pha. ma. yin. no. // Here MS reads yada mata pita bhavati/ 
tada duhita na putrah / yada pita mata bhavati/ tada na duhita na
putrah.} |
[2]kaccidicchasi asti tadāyatanaṃ{4 In Tib, for ayatana generally we have skye. mched, but here it reads gnas. sthana.} yatropapadyamāna: sattvo na dṛśyate divyena
cakṣuṣā nāsti veti{5 For va Tib. ham ; MS ca.} | sacedasti | tena nāsti sattva upapāduka{6 For this word in Tib. we have generally brdsus. te. skye. ba.(or skye. pa.) but here Tib. omits the word brdsus.} iti [3] 
na yujyate || sacennāsti | tena saṃjñāvairāgyaṃ rūpavairāgyaṃ traidhātukavairāgyama-
poditaṃ bhavatīti na yujyate ||
kaccidicchasi astyarhattvābhimānī [4] na veti | sacedasti | na santi
loke’rhanta iti na yujyate | sacennāsti | tena yo’pi kaści{7 Tib. omits kascit.}dayoniśo 
vṛtto{8 Tib. zugs. MS. prayuktah.} viparītaṃ manyate so’pyarhanniti[5] na yujyate ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi [asti]{9 Tib. yod. pa. ham/ hon. te med. par. hdod. The three words
parini^ parata^ and parika^ are put in the objective case, but owing
to appropriateness they are given in the nominative case according 
to Tib.} pariniṣpannalakṣaṇo dharma:
paratantralakṣaṇa: parikalpitalakṣaṇo [nāsti vā] | {10 Tib. hon. te. med. par.}sacedasti | tena{11 Tib. des. for ^asti/tena MS atri. na.} sarvaṃ [6]
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sarveṇa lakṣaṇena nāstīti na yujyate || sacennāsti | tena nāsti viparyāso
nāsti saṃkleśo nāsti vyavadānamiti na yujyate ||
ityupapadyā[43 ka]paraparyāya[7]vedanīyato’pi avyabhicārato’pi upa-
pattyāyatanasadbhāvato’pi abhimānasadbhāvato’pi tri{1 For Tib. tri. (gsum.) MS prakara.}lakṣaṇato’pi na yujyate ||
tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: ||
[agravāda:]
agra[Tib. 82b. 1] vāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo
vaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | brāhmaṇo’gro varṇo hīno’nyo varṇa: | brāhmaṇa:
śuklo varṇa: | kṛṣṇo’nyo varṇa: | brāhmaṇā: śudhyante [2] nābrāhmaṇā: | brāhmaṇā
brahmaṇa: putrā aurasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanirgatā{2 Tib. -nirmitah. (sprul. paho) for nirgatah.} brahmapārṣadā iti | [3]
tadyathā kaliyugikā brāhmaṇā: | kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato 
yuktitaśca | āgama: pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhava-
tīti{3 Tib. zes. bya. ba; MS omits iti.} [4] vistara: | jātibrāhmaṇānāṃ{4 Tib. bram. zehi. rigs. MS Brahmanam with a query mark.} prakṛtiśīlatāṃ copalabhya [lābha-]{5 Tib. rned. pa. dan.}
satkāratāṃ{6 MS reads here satkarakamatam with a query mark. There is nothing in Tib. for kamatam.} copādāya ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi tadanyāneva varṇānmātṛ[5]jān 
yonisambhavān |{7 Tib. jarayujata (mnal. nas. byun. ba.) or jarayusambhutan, so also below for yoni-sambhutan.} āhosvidbrāhmaṇavarṇamapi | sacedanyāneva | tena pratyakṣaṃ
{8 Tib. mnon. sum. du. In MS it is compounded with the next word.}
yonijā [ta] tā{9 Tib. jarayujata (mnal. nas. skyes). In fact here ta is not in Tib. but it is found that sometimes it (nid) is to be supplied where it
is actually not used, but wanted and sometimes it is to be ignored
where it is not required at all.} mātṛsambhavatā brāhmaṇavarṇasyāpoditā bhavatīti [6] na yujyate ||
sacedbrāhmaṇavarṇo’pi [tādṛśo bhavatīti]{10 Tib. de. lta. yin. na. ni.} tena brāhmaṇā agro varṇo hīno’nyo
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varṇa iti na yujyate || yathā yonijaṃ mātṛsambhūtamevamakuśalakāriṇaṃ [7] kuśala-
kāriṇaṃ ca kāyavāṅmanoduścaritakāriṇaṃ kāyavāṅmana:sucaritakāriṇaṃ
dṛṣṭadhārmikamaniṣṭaphalaṃ pratyanubhavantamiṣṭaṃ vā puna: sāmparāyikaṃ | apāyeṣūpapadya-
mānaṃ [Tib. 83a. 1] sugatau svargaloke deveṣūpapadyamānaṃ trayāṇāṃ vā sthānānāṃ
sammukhībhāvāda {1 MS yo va savat (?)}yato vā mātu: kukṣāvupapadyamānaṃ laukika[2]śilpasthāna-karma-
sthānaṃ kuśalamakuśalaṃ vā rājānaṃ tadbhṛtyaṃ{2 MS tadabhrttam (with a query mark after bhr. as well as a
suggestion of –ma– for –bhr). Tib. dehi. tsal. zahm. but it is not
clear to me.} vā dakṣamutthanasampannaṃ{3 But Tib. sgrub. pa. byed. pa. sadhakam (?).} vā rājasaṃgrāhyaṃ
vā upasthānāyāsaṃgrāhyaṃ vā{4 Tib. not clear.} vyādhidharmakaṃ vā [3] jarādharmakaṃ vā maraṇadharmakaṃ
vā{5 MS adds here na va not in Tib.} brāhmān vihārānbhāvayitvā brahmaloka upapadyamānaṃ vā bodhipakṣyadharmān 
bhāvayantaṃ vābhāvayantaṃ vā śrāvakabodhiṃ pratyeka[4] [buddha]{6 Tib. ran. sans. rgyas. kyi. byan. chub. dan/ MS pratye bodhim}bobhimanuttarasamyak-
sambodhimabhisambudhyamānaṃ vānabhisambudhyamānaṃ vā [tādṛśaṃ ca]{7 Tib. yan. de. dan. hdraho. It is not quite clear. It appears 
that in order to make the sentence complete the verb icchasi is to be supplied here from above.} |
kaścidicchasi yonita eva yo viśiṣṭa:{8 Tib. adds aryah (hphags. pa.)} sa vara [5] āhosvicchru tena śīlena
vā puna: | sacedyonita eva | tena yajñe ya: śrutapradhāna: śīlapradhāna: sa pramāṇaṃ
parigrāhya iti na yujyate || sace[6]cchru tena vā śīlena{9 Tib. thos. pa. ham. tshul. khrims. kyis. MS reads srutam. silam va.} vā tena brāhmaṇā
agro varṇo hīno’nyo varṇa iti na yujyate ||
iti yonito’pi karmato’pyupapattito’pi śilpakarmasthānato [7]'pyādhi-
patyato’pi tatsamparigrahato’pi brāhmavihārato’pi bodhipakṣyabhāvanāto’boddhya-
dhigamato’pi na yujyate || tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: ||
[śuddhivāda:]
[Tib. 83b. 1] śuddhivāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo vā brāhmaṇo
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vaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyervavādī yataścātmā muktiṃ{1 Tib. hgral. ba. MS yuktih (suggesting yuktim with a query mark).} cittavaśitāṃ cānuprāpto yoga-
vaśitāṃ cānuprāpto divyai: pañcabhi: kāmaguṇai: samarpita: samanvaṅgībhūta: [2]
krīḍati ramate paricārayati | sa dṛṣṭadharmanirvāṇaprāptiśuddhyā śuddho bhavati |{2 Tib. adds here iti (zes.bya. ba.).}
yataśca viviktaṃ kāmairviviktaṃ pāpakairakuśalairdharmai: [savitarkaṃ [3] savicāraṃ
vivekajaṃ prītisukhaṃ [{3 Tib. rtog. pa. dan. bcas. pa. dpyod. pa. dan. bcas. pa. dben. pa. las. skyes. pahi. dgah. ba. dan. bde. ba. can./}prathamaṃ dhyānamupasampadya viharati | yāvaccaturthaṃ dhyāna[43 kha]
mupasampadya viharati | sa paramadṛṣṭadharmanirvāṇaprāptiśuddhyā śuddho[4] bhavati | yathāpi
tadevaṃ dṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī sarvapāpānya{4 For papani Tib. avaranani (sgrib. pa.).}syā[pa]harati yo{5 Tib. adds here kascit (la. la.)} nadyāṃ sundarikāyāṃ
snāti | yathā sundarikāyāmevaṃ bāhudāyāṃ gayāyāṃ [5] sarasvatyāṃ nadyāṃ
gaṅgāyāṃ |{6 Tib. adds tadrsyam ca (de. dan. hdraho). It adds further:
ityevam drstir bhavatyevamvadi (zes. de. ltat. lta. zin. de. skad. 
smra. ba. lta. bu. ste.} sa tatrodakasnānena{7 Tib. chus. khrus. byas. pas ; MS sna[na ma]trena.} śuddhaṃ manyate ||
yathāpīhaikatya: kukkuravratena{8 For kukkura-and go–vrata, etc. see Majjhima N. i. 387 ;
Digha N. iii. 6 ; AK iii 86. The following is taken from the last
book : Kukkura-govratadini /adisabdena marga-vratadini grhyante/
nirgranthadinam/ adisabdena pandarabhiksvadinam grahanam/
...brahmanadinam dandajinam/ pasupatanam jatabhasma/ parivra-
jakanam tridandam [/ adisabdena kapalikadinam kapaladharanadi
grhyante / tat samadanam silavratopadanam/
(a) In Mahavyutpatti (clxxix) we have Mahavratin (20)
Mrgasrngavratin, (22) go^, (23) Mayura^ (25) Gosrnga^.
(30) Pandarabhiksu, etc.} śuddhiṃ manyate govratena{9 For kukkura-and go–vrata, etc. see Majjhima N. i. 387;
Digha N. iii. 6 ; AK iii 86. The following is taken from the last
book : Kukkura-govratadini /adisabdena marga-vratadini grhyante/
nirgranthadinam/ adisabdena pandarabhiksvadinam grahanam/
...brahmanadinam dandajinam/ pasupatanam jatabhasma/ parivra-
jakanam tridandam [/ adisabdena kapalikadinam kapaladharanadi
grhyante / tat samadanam silavratopadanam/
(a) In Mahavyutpatti (clxxix) we have Mahavratin (20)
Mrgasrngavratin, (22) go^, (23) Mayura^ (25) Gosrnga^.
(30) Pandarabhiksu, etc.} [6] nakula-(?){10 For this word Tib. clearly reads sre. mo. Skt. nakula ‘weasel’.} vratena
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nagnavratena bhasmavratena kaṣṭavratena{1 Tib. suggests ghora canda- or ugra (drag. po.) for kasta.} niṣṭhāvratene{2 For nistha Tib. mthar. thug.}tyevaṃbhāgīyairvra tasamādānai: [7] śuddhaṃ
manyate | tadyathā dṛṣṭadharmanirvāṇavādina udakaśuddhyādivādinaśca ||
kena kāraṇena sa evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca | āgama:
[Tib. 84a. 1] pūrvavat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavatīti
vistara: || sa sarvatra{3 Tib. thams. cad. du. MS sarva.} īśitvavaśitvaprāpta:{4 Tib. suggests praptya (thob. nas.).} kāmeśvaro bhavati yoge[2]śvara: |
tacceśitvavaśitvaṃ yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti | yathāpīhaikatya ātmanigraheṇātmana:
pāpavimokṣaṃ paśyati kṛtāparādho vāparādhavimokṣaṃ ||
[3] sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi yo’sau pañcabhi: kāmaguṇai:
krīḍati{5 Both in MS and in Tib. ramati paricarayati as expected is omitted.} sa kāmavītarāgo vāvītarāgo veti | sa cedvītarāga: krīḍati ramate 
paricārayatīti na yujyate | sa cedavītarāgo mukta: śuddha iti na yujyate ||
kaccidicchasi yo’sau caturthadhyānamupasampadya viharati sa sarva[5]vītarāgo
vāsarva{6 Tib. omits sarva-.}vītarāgo vā | sacet sarvavītarāga: yāvaccaturtha dhyānamupasampadya
viharatīti na yujyate | [6] sacenna sarvavītarāga: | mukta: śuddha iti na
yujyate ||
sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kimādhyātmikī{7 MS adhyatmika.} vā śuddhirvāhyā veti | sacedā-
dhyātmikī | [7] tena tīrtha{8 Tib. chu. dog. not in Sarat chandra’s Dictionary.}snānena viśudhyata iti na yujyate | sacedvāhyā |
tena tathaiva sarāga: sadveṣa: samoha: | bāhyaṃ mala[Tib. 84b. 1]mapakarṣaṇena{9 Tib. bsal. bas. ; MS apakarse.}
śudhyati ||
kaccidicchasi śucivastūpādānato vā śuddhimaśucivastūpādānato veti |
sace[cchuci] vastūpādānata:{10 Tib. omits sacec^ natah. MS omits -suci.} | tena [2] kukkurādayo’śucisammatā loka iti
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tadupādānena śuddhi rna yujyate] sacedaśucivastūpādānata: | tena prakṛtyā śuci
[3]  vastu śuddhaye saṃvartata iti na yujyate ||
kaccidicchasi sati kukkurādivratopādāne kāyaduścaritādimithyāprati-
patti: śuddhaye saṃvartate kāyasucaritādisamyak[4]pratipattirveti | sa 
cenmithyāpratipatti: | tena mithyā ca pratipadyate śuddhyate ceti (44 ka) na yujyate |
sa cetsamyakpratipatti: | tena kukkurādi[5] vratamapārthakamiti tena śuddhiriti
na yujyate ||
iti vītarāgato’pi [avītarāgato’pi {1 Tib. hdod. chogs. dan. bral. ba. ma. yin. pa. dan.}ādhyātmikabāhyato’pi aśuci-
śucyupā[6]dānato’pi mithyāsamyakpratipattito’pi na yujyate || tasmādeṣo’pi 
vādo’yogavihita: ||
[kautukamaṅgalavāda:]
kautukamaṅgalavāda: katama: | yathāpīhaikatya: śramaṇo brāhmaṇo vaivaṃ[7]dṛṣṭi-
rbhavatyevaṃvādī ādityacandragrahatithivaiguṇyena manorathānāmasiddhi{2 Acc. Tib. literally manorathanam siddhir na bhavati.}rbhavati |
tadānuguṇyena ca manorathasiddhi: | sa [Tib. 85a. 1] tadarthaṃ cādityādipūjāṃ
prakalpayati |{3 Tib. lit. karoti (byed).} homajāpādarśa{4 Tib. illegible. If it is adarsa the Tib. word for it is expected
to be me. lon., but the Tib. text does not appear to read so.}pūrṇakumbhabilva[phala]{5 Tib. hbras. bu.}śaṅkhādīn pratyupasthāpayati |
tadyathā[2] gāṇitikā: |
kena kāraṇenaivaṃdṛṣṭirbhavatyevaṃvādī | āgamato yuktitaśca | āgama: pūrva-
vat | yukti: katamā | yathāpīhaikatyastārkiko bhavatīti pūrvavat | sa [3] ca
lābhī bhavati laukikānāṃ dhyānānāṃ | arhatsammataśca bhavati mahājanakāyasya{6 Tib. lit. kayena (tshogs. chen. pos.).} |
sa ātmana: sampattikāmai: samṛddhikāmaistatra praśnaṃ pṛṣṭa: pratītyasamutpannāṃ [4]
karmagatiṃ yathābhūtamaprajānnanyenādityacandragrahanakṣatratithisamudācāreṇa śubhā-
śubhānāṃ karmaṇāṃ sattveṣu phalaṃ vi[5]pacyamānaṃ paśyati | tatkṛtameva tatkāmānāṃ
sattvānāṃ paridīpayati vyavasthāpayati ||
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sa idaṃ syādvacanīya: | kaccidicchasi | ādityacandragrahanakṣatratithi[6]-
kṛtā vā sampattivipattirvā āhosvicchubhāśubha{1 Tib. adds –asubha- once more.}karmakṛteti | sa cedādi-
tyādikṛtā | tena puṇyakarmaṇāmapuṇyakarmaṇāṃ ca [7] yāvajjīvamanuvartanīyā
sampattirvipattiśca saṃdṛśyata iti na yujyate | sacecchubhāśubhakarmakṛtā | tenā-
dityādikṛteti na yujyate ||
ityādityādi [Tib. 85b. 1] vihito’pi śubhāśubhavihito’pi na
yujyate || tasmādeṣo’pi vādo’yogavihita: ||
itīme ṣoḍaśa paravādā {2 MS has here –dravya (with a mark of query).}abhinirhārayā{3 For the word see Mahavyutpatti (ed. Sakaki) 593, 758.} parīkṣyā{4 MS pariksya ; Tib. brtag. pahi. rigs. pa. Some of the words
of this sentence could not be compared with their Tibetan equi-
valents as the Xylograph here is very indistinct.}yuktyopaparīkṣitā:{5 Tib. brtags. na.; MS pariksya.} sarvathā 
na yujyante ||
[saṃkleśaprajñapti:]
tatra saṃkleśaprajñaptivyavasthānaṃ katamat | tatribhi: saṃkleśairveditavyaṃ | te{6 MS tena (? ca) punah Tib. de. yan.}
puna: [katame]{7 Tib. gan. ze. na.} | kleśasaṃkleśa: [3] karmasaṃkleśo janmasaṃkle{8 Tib. omits –artha-.}śaśca | kleśa-
saṃkleśa: katama: | uddānaṃ |
svabhāvaśca prametedaśca hetvavasthāmukhairapi |
gurutārthaviparyāsa:[4] paryāyo doṣa{9 Tib. dosopalambhah (nes. dmigs. so.). So below after adinava 
there is upalambhuh compounded with it.} eva ca ||
kleśasaṃkleśasya svabhāvo [‘pi]{10 Tib. kyan.} veditavya: pramedo’pi | heturapi avasthāpi |
mukhamapi | adhimātratāpi | viparyāsasaṃgraho’pi | paryāyo’pi | ādīnavo{11 See note 4.}[5]
‘pi veditavya: ||
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kleśānāṃ svabhāva: katama: | yo dharma utpadyamāna: svayaṃ cāpraśāntalakṣaṇa
utpadyate | tasya cotpādapraśāntyaiva saṃskārasantati: pravartate | [6] ayaṃ kleśasya
samasta: svabhāvo veditavya: ||
kleśānāṃ prabheda: katama: | syādekavidha: kleśasaṃkleśārthena | syāddvividho
darśanaprahātavyo [7] bhāvaprahātavyaśca || syāttrividha: kāmapratisaṃyukto rūpaprati-
saṃyukta ārūpyapratisaṃyuktaśca | syāccaturvidha: [44 kha] kāmapratisaṃyukto vyākṛto’-
[Tib. 86a. 1] vyākṛtaśca | rūpapratisaṃyukto’vyākṛta: | ārūpyapratisaṃyukto’vyā-
kṛtaśca || syātpañcavidho du:khadarśanaprahātavya: samudaya[2]darśanaprahātavyo
nirodhadarśanaprahātavyo mārgadarśanaprahātavyo bhāvanādarśanaprahātavyaśca || syātṣaḍ-
vidho rāga: pratigho māno’vidyā dṛṣṭi[3]rvicikitsā ca || syātsaptavidha:
saptānuśayā: kāmarāgānuśaya: pratighānuśayo bhavarāgānuśayo mānānu-
śayo[4]’vidyānuśayo dṛṣṭyanuśayo vicikitsānuśayaśca || syādaṣṭavidho rāga:
pratigho māno’vidyā vicikitsā dṛṣṭirdvau ca parāmarśau{1 Tib. rab. tu. ma. zi. ba. kho. na. ; MS ^prasantaiva.}[5] || syānnavavidho nava
saṃyojanāni | anunayasaṃyojanaṃ pratighasaṃyojanaṃ mānasaṃyojanamavidyāsaṃyojanaṃ
dṛṣṭisaṃyojanaṃ [6] parāmarśasaṃyojanaṃ vicikitsāsaṃyojana mīrpyāsaṃyojanaṃ mātsarya-
saṃyojanaṃ ca || syāddaśavidha: satkāyadṛṣṭirantagrāhadṛṣṭirmithyā[7] dṛṣṭiparā-
marśa: śīlaparāmarśo rāga: pratigho māno’vidyā vicikitsā ca || syādaṣṭā-
viṃśatyuttaraṃ kleśaśata [Tib. 86b. 1]meṣāmeva daśānāṃ kleśānāṃ dvādaśākāra-
satyavipratipattivyavasthānata:{2 They are drstiparamarsa and silavrata.} |
dvādaśākāraṃ satyaṃ katamat | kāmāvacaraṃ du:khasatyaṃ samudaya[2]satyaṃ |
rūpāvacaraṃ du:khasatyaṃ samudayasatyaṃ ārūpyāvacaraṃ du:khasatyaṃ || kāmāva-
carādhipatita[3]tparijñāphalaṃ tatparijñā[pra]bhāvitaṃ{3 Tib. bden. pa. rnam. pa. bcu. gnis. la. log. par. bsgrub. par. 
gzog. pa. las.} nirodhasatyaṃ mārgasatyaṃ |
rūpāvacarādhipatitatparijñāphalaṃ tatparijñā[pra] {4 MS bhavitam.}bhāvitaṃ nirodha[4]satyaṃ
mārgasatyaṃ | ārūpyāvacarādhipatitatparijñāphalaṃ tatparijñāprabhāvitaṃ nirodha-
satyaṃ mārgasatyaṃ ||
{5 rab. tu.}
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tatra kāmāva[5]care du:khasatye samudayasatye kāmāvacarādhipateye nirodhasatye
mārgasatye sarve daśakleśā vipratipannā: | rūpā[6]vacare du:khasatye samudayasatye 
tadādhipateye nirodhasatye mārgasatye pratighavarjāsta eva daśa kleśā viprati[7]-
pannā: | yathā rūpāvacara evamārūpyāvacare ||
kāmāvacarapratipakṣe bhāvanāyāṃ ṣaṭ kleśā vipratipannā mithyādṛṣṭiṃ dṛṣṭi-
parāmarśaṃ [Tib. 87a. 1] śīlavrataparāmarśaṃ vicikitsāṃ ca sthāpayitvā ||
rūpāvacarapratipakṣe bhāvanāyāṃ pañca kleśā vipratipannā ebhya eva ṣaḍbhya:[2]
pratighaṃ sthāpayitvā ||
yathā rūpāvacarapratiprakṣa evamārūpyāvacarapratipakṣe | yathā vipratipannā
evamāvaraṇaṃ{2 MS ^varanah.} ||
tatra satkāya[3]dṛṣṭi: katamā | asatpuruṣasevāmāgamyāsaddharmaśravaṇamayo-
niśo manaskāraṃ naisargikaṃ{3 Tib. ran. bzin. gyis ; MS naihsa^. and naissa below.} vā puna: smṛtisampramoṣaṃ pañcopādānaskandhā[4]-
nātmano vātmīyato vā samanupaśyato yā nirdhāritā kliṣṭā prajñā ||
antagrāha{4 Tib. mthar. hdzin. par. MS antargra.}dṛṣṭi: katamā | asatpuruṣa[45 ka]saṃsevāmāgamyāsaddharma[5] śravaṇama-
yoniśo manaskāraṃ naisargikaṃ vā punasmṛtisampramoṣaṃ pañcopādānaskandhānātmato
gṛhītvā {5 Tib. bzun. she. MS. grhita.}śāśvatato vocchedato vā samanupaśyato[6]yā nirdhāritā[‘nirdhā-
ritā]{6 Tib. ma. brtags. MS omits it.} vā kliṣṭā prajñā ||
mithyādṛṣṭi: katamā | asatpuruṣasevāmāgamyāsaddharmaśravaṇamayoniśo[7]
manaskāraṃ hetuṃ vāpavadata: phalaṃ vā kriyāṃ vā sadbhāvaṃ vastu nāśayato{7 For sadbhavam^ nasayatah MS with a query has sadbhava-
stu nasayatah (?). Apparently this reading is defective. Tib. reads
here yod. pahi. dnos. po. hjig. pa. dnos. po. la., but it is not quite 
clear to me, nor am I satisfied with the reading suggested above.} yā
nirdhāritaiva kliṣṭā prajñā ||
{1 Tib. adds here evam (de. bzin. du.).}
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dṛṣṭiparāmarśa: katama: | asatpuruṣa [Tib. 87b. 1]sevāmāgamyāsaddharma-
śravaṇamayoniśo manaskāraṃ satkāyadṛṣṭimantagrāhadṛṣṭiṃ sāśrayāṃ sālambanāṃ 
sanidānāṃ [2] sahabhūsamprayogāṃ{1 Tib. lhan. cig. hbyun. ba. dan. mtshuns (Xylograph wrongly
reading hbyun. ba. dan (tshungs) par MS samahetu samprayogam (?)
See the next paragraph.} paradṛṣṭimupanidhāyāgrata: śreṣṭhato viśiṣṭata:
paramataśca samanupaśyato yā nirdhāritaiva kliṣṭā prajñā ||
[3]śīlavrataparāmarśa: katama: | asatpuruṣasaṃsevāmāgamyāsaddharmaśravaṇama-
yoniśo manaskāraṃ | yattāmeva dṛṣṭiṃ [4] taddṛṣṭyanucaraṃ śīlaṃ vā vrataṃ vā sāśrayaṃ
sālambanaṃ sanidānaṃ sasahabhūsamprayogaṃ śuddhito muktito nai[5]ryāṇikataśca samanu-
paśyato yā nirdhāritaiva kliṣṭā prajñā ||
rāga: katama: | asatpuruṣasevāmāgamyāsaddharmaśravaṇamayoniśo[6]manaskāraṃ 
naisargikaṃ vā smṛtisampramoṣaṃ bahirdhādhyātmaṃ vā nirdhārita{2 MS adds here va.}miṣṭaviṣayādya-
vasānaṃ ||
pratigha: katama: asatpuruṣasevāmāgamyāsaddharma[7] śravaṇamayoniśomanaskāraṃ 
naisargikaṃ vā smṛtisampramoṣaṃ | yādhyātmaṃ bahirdhādhyātmaṃ vā nirdhārito’nirdhā-
rito vāniṣṭaviṣayapratidhāta: |
māna: [Tib. 88a. 1] katama: | asatpuruṣasevāmāgamyāsaddharmaśravaṇama-
yoniśo manaskāraṃ | naisargikaṃ vā smṛtisampramoṣamāgamya{3 Tib. brten. nas. This word in Tib. is found in all the preceding 
sentences in this connection.} [2] yādhyātmaṃ
[bahirdhā vā]{4 Tib. phyi. rol. gyi. ham. nang.}nirdhāritā’nirdhāritā{5 MS ^rito in both the words.} vā uccanīcatāyāṃ hīnapraṇītatāyāṃ ca
[cittasya]{6 Tib. sems.} unnati:{7 Tib. lit. yad unnatam. cittam (mtho. ba. sems. pa. gan. yin.).} ||
avidyā katamā | asatpuruṣaṃ [3] smṛtisampramoṣaṃ yajjñeye vastuni nirdhāritaṃ
vānirdhāritaṃ vā kliṣṭamajñānaṃ ||
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[4] vicikitsā katamā | asatpuruṣaṃ manaskāraṃ yā jñeye{1 MS yaj} vastu[ni]{2 Tib. dnos. po. la. See below.}
nirdhāritaiva{3 Tib. brtags. pa. la. kho. nahi; MS anirdharitaiva.} [saṃśaya]{4 Tib. yid. gnis.}mati:{5 For this word we expect in Tib. such words as blo. or blo. 
gros. but Xylograph appears to read bra. ba.} |
[5] kleśānāṃ hetu: katama: | ṣaḍ hetava: | āśrayato’pi kleśa utpadyate |
ālambanato’pi saṃsargato’pi deśanato’pi abhyāsato’pi manasikārato’pi ||{6 So below manasikara for manaskara as before.} 
tatrāśraya [to]{7 MS tatrasrayah katamah not supported by Tib.} [6]yo’nuśayādutpadyate{8 Tib. bag. la. nal. ba. las. skye. ba. gan. yin. paho. ; MS yo 
‘nusaya utpadyate.} | tatrālambanato ya: kleśasthānīye
viṣaya ābhāsagata:{9 MS abhasagate. for gate. Tib. would suggest -bhatah (gyur. 
pa.). It is not clear.} | tatra saṃsargato yo’satpuruṣāṇāmanuśikṣamāṇasya | tatra
deśanato [45 kha] [7] yo’saddharmaśravaṇata: | tatrābhyāsato ya: pūrvasaṃstavabalā-
dhānata: |{10 Tib. –balotpaditah or balajanitah (stobs. bskyed).} tatra manasikārato yo’yoniśo manasi kurvata utpadyate{11 In this paragraph the reading according to Tib. should be
asrayah, alambanam, samsargah, etc. put in the nominative case and
not in the ablative case as in the MS. The case is exactly the same
with the readings below : Tib. 89a. 2} ||
kati kleśā [Tib. 88b. 1] vasthā: | samāsata: sapta | anuśayāvasthā
paryavasthānāvasthā parikalpitāvasthā sahajāvasthā [2] mṛdvavasthā madhyāvasthādhi-
mātrāvasthā ||
tatra dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ kleśānuśayo’nuśete | bījānubandhatastadadhipati-
vastutaśca ||{12 For tada^ tasca^ Tib. dehi bdag. pohi. dno(?)s. pos. so. MS 
tadhimatimastu (?) gatisamstutisca.}
[3] katibhirmukhai: kleśa: [saṃ] {13 Tib. kun. nas.}kleśayati | samāsato dvāmyāṃ | paryavasthānamukhe-
nānuśayamukhena ca |
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kathaṃ paryavasthānamukhena | [pañcami: prakārai: |]{1 Tib. rnam. pa. lnas.} [4] [a]praśānta{2 Tib. rab. tu. ma. zi. bar. gnas. pa. dan.}vihārata:
kuśalāntarāyata: | āpāyikaduścaritasamutthāpanato dṛṣṭadhārmika jātipari-
grahato jātyādidu:khanirvartanataśca{3 Tib. hgrub. pas. so. MS nivartta^ for nirvartta^.} ||
[5]kathamanuśayamukhena saṃkleśayati | paryavasthānasanniśraya{4 Tib. rten.}dānato jātyādi-
du:khanirvartanataśca ||
api khalu saptabhirmukhai: sarvakleśā darśana[6]bhāvanā{5 Acc. to Tib. the compound here is of darsana and bhavana.}vibandhakarā āvaraṇa-
bhūtā veditavyā: | tadyathā mithyāvagamanata: anavagamanata: avagamānavagamanata:{6 Tib. rtogs. pa. yan. ma. yin. ma. rtogs. pa. yan. ma. yin. pa. 
dan. This suggests nanavagama nanavagamanatah.}
mithyāvagama{7 Tib. adds here mithya again reading the word thus : log. 
par. rtogs. pas. log. par. sgrub. pa. dan. It suggests mithyavaga-
mana mithyapratipatti (tah).}pratipattita: tannidānapadasthānata:{8 For sthana Tib. has here rten. generally in the sense of asraya.} taduttrāsasaṃ{9 Tib. omits sam.}jananata: nisarga-
samudācārataśca ||
kathaṃ kleśo’dhimātralakṣaṇastīvralakṣaṇo guruka[Tib. 89a. 1]lakṣaṇo
veditavya: | samāsata: ṣaḍvidhākārairāpattita upapattita:{10 In such cases upapatti is nothing but utpatti.} santānato vastuta:{11 Acc. to Tib. in the sense of adhara (gzi.)}
{12 MS adds here ku- before karma- not supported either by Tib. or by the following paragraph.}karmasamutthānata: paryantataśca |
tatrāpattito yena kleśaparyavasthānena [2] niravaśeṣāmāpattimāpadyate |
tatropapattito ya: kāmāvacara āpāyiko vā | tatra santānato yo rāgādi-
caritānāṃ paripakvendriyāṇāṃ yūnā[3]maparinirvāṇakadharmāṇāṃ ca | tatra vastuto 
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yo gurukṣetrālambanato guṇakṣetrālambanato’gamya{1 Tib. lit apravesya. (hjug. par. bya. ma. yin. pahi). [for
agamya-. MS agamya.}kṣetrālambanataśca | [4] tatra karma-
samutthānato yena kleśaparyavasthānenābhibhūta: paryāpta: kāyavākkarma samutthāpayati |
tatra paryantato[5] ya: svabhāvenaivādhimātraprakārasaṃgṛhīta: | tatra prathamato mṛdunā
pratipakṣeṇa prahīyate |
[viparyāsa:]
sapteme viparyāsā: | tadyathā | saṃjñāviparyāso dṛṣṭiviparyāsaścittavipa-
ryāso{2 MS reads it before drsti^ but Tib. and the following order
do not support it.}’nitye’nityamiti vipa[6]ryāso du:khe sukhamitiviparyāso’śucau śucīti
viparyāso’nātmanyātmetiviparyāsa: |
saṃjñāviparyāsa: katama: | yo’nitye nityamiti [7] du:khe sukhamiti
aśucau śucīti anātmanyātmeti saṃjñāparikalpa: ||
dṛṣṭiviparyāsa: katama: | ya{3 MS yat for yas. So in the next sentence.}statraiva tathā saṃjñāparikalpite [Tib. 89b. 1]
kṣāntī rucirvyavasthāpanābhiniveśa: ||
cittaviparyāsa: katama: | yastatraiva tathābhiniviṣṭe rāgādisaṃkleśa: ||
[2] tatra kleśāstribhirākārairveditavyā: | asti kleśo viparyāsamūla: |
asti viparyāsa: | asti viparyāsaniṣyanda: ||
[46 ka] tatra viparyāsamūlamavidyā | [3] viparyāsa[46 kha]niṣyanda: satkāya-
dṛṣṭirantagrāhakadṛṣṭerekadeśo dṛṣṭiparāmarśa: śīlavrataparāmarśo rāgaśca | viparyāsa-
niṣyando mithyā[4] dṛṣṭirantagrāhadṛṣṭerekadeśa: pratigho māno vicikitsā ca ||
tatra satkāyadṛṣṭiranātmanyātmeti viparyāsa: | antagrāhadṛṣṭerekadeśo’nitye
[5] nityamiti viparyāsa: | dṛṣṭiparāmarśo’śucau śucīti parāmarśa: | śīlavrata-
parāmarśo du:khe sukhamiti viparyāsa: rāga[6] ubhayathā apyaśucau śucīti 
viparyāsa: | api du:khe sukhamiti viparyāsa: ||
[paryāya:]
kleśānāṃ paryāya: katama: | bahava: paryāyā: | tadyathā | saṃyojanāni
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bandhanānyanuśayā upakleśā: paryavasthānāni{1 In Tib. first paryava^ then upakle^ ; and paryapasthanani (kun. 
nas. dkris. pa. rnams.) for paryavasthanani.^ Acc. to Tib. the literal
sense of paryavasthana is standing round’ which signifies ‘
hindrance’.} oghā upādānā[ni]{2 Tib. ne. bar. len. pa. rnams. As regards the gender the MS. 
in this and the following two paragraphs in this connection is very
indifferent putting the same word in some cases in the masculine
gender and in others in the neuter gender.}granthā
nīvaraṇāni{3 MS throughout in this connection nivara^.} [Tib. 90a. 1] khilā malā nighrā[:]{4 Tib. sdig. pa. rnams. It is in fact in sense ogha.} śalyā[ni] kiñcanā{5 So in the following paragraphs. Tib. suggests nothing of the 
kind reading simply yons. hdzin ‘parigraha’. Cf. upadhi-parigraha-
karakatvat in the next paragraph.}(?)
mūlā[ni]duścaritānyāsravā{6 MS adds ca between duscaritani and asravah.} vighātā: pari[2]dāhā upāyāsā raṇā{7 Tib. hthab. pa. rnams, but genruntly for rana we have non. mons.} agnayo-
jvarā vanasthā{8 For this word the MS throughout has vanasah, while in 
the corresponding sentence in Tib. we have nags. sbyor. rnams.
suggesting vanayogah. The word vana in Buddhism is sometime 
for trsna ‘lust’.} vinibandhāścetyevaṃbhāgīyā: kleśaparyāyā: ||
tatra du:kha[3]saṃyojanātsaṃyojanāni | kuśalacaryāyāmakāma{9 Tib. suggests sakala (dgur) before kama.}kāritdhā-
dbandhanāni | sarvalaukikotkarṣabījānugamya{10 For bijanugamatvat Tib. bijavattvat (sa. ban. dan. ldan. pas.)}tvādanuśayā: | viparyāsai [4]
ścittopakleśakatvādupakleśā: | abhīkṣṇaṃ samudācāritvā{11 The Tib. phrase here kun. tu. hbyum. bas. can hardly be taken 
for samudacaritvat it may mean samudbhavat.}tparyavasthānāni |
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durgādhatvādanusroto{1 In Tib. anusrotah is generally hbab. phyogs. su., but here we 
have rgyun. phyogs. su.} mahāritvā (?) {2 This is as reads the MS. It is very difficult to make out any
sense from it. nor does the Tib. help much reading rgyan. phyogs.
su. khyad. pas. byed. pas. na. This for maharitvat may suggest vise-
sakaritvad.}cca [5] oghā: | mithyāpratipattyupāyavāt-
dyogā: | ātmabhāvaprabandhopādāyakatvādupādānāni | durmocakatvād granthā: |
tattvārthā{3 Tib. de. kho. nahi. don. MS tathatvartha^.}vacchādakatvā [6]nnīvaraṇāni | kuśalapuṣpā{4 In Tib. read me. tog. for le. log.}kṣetrabhūtatvātkhilā: |
svabhāvasaṃkliṣṭatvānmalā: | nityaghātatvānnighā:{5 MS singular number, Tib. plural.} | apraśāntalakṣaṇatvā[7]
ddūrāntargatatvācca{6 Tib. lit. durangamatvat (rin. du. son. bas.)} śalyāni{7 MS salyah} upadhiparigrahakārakatvātkiñcanā: (?){8 See above. See the preceding paragraph with note.} | akuśalā-
śrayabhūtatvānmūlāni | mithyāpratipattisvabhāvatvādduścaritāni | citta [Tib.
90b. 1] vikṣepakatvādāsravā: | bhogairatṛptikārakatvādvighātā: | icchāvighāta-
kārakatvātparidāhā: | vipattyāhārakatvādupāyāsā: | kalahabhaṇḍana[2]
vigrahavivādahetubhūtatvād raṇā: | upacitopacitasya kuśalamūla{9 Tib. omits –phala.}phalendhanasya 
dāhakatvādagnaya: | mahāvyādhibhūtatvājjvarā: | vicitrābhāva[3]vṛkṣasaṃsādha-
katvā{10 Tib. sgrub. par. byed. pa. na; MS samharakatvat.}dvanathā: | kāmaguṇasaktikatvāllokottaradharmapratyantarāyakatvādvinibandhā: |
ete sarvakleśānāṃ paryāyā: | [4] prādhānyāttu bhagavatā tasmiṃstasmiṃnsparyāye
te [te]{11 Tib. de. dan. da. dag.} kleśā: sthāpitā: ||
saṃyojanānīti nava saṃyojanāni | anunayasaṃyojanaṃ{12 MS samyojana for^ ^samyojanam vi^.} vistareṇa pūrvavat ||
bandhanānīti[5] trīṇi bandhanāni rāgadveṣamohā: ||
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anuśayā iti saptānuśayā: | kāmarāgānuśayo vistareṇa pūrvavat ||
upa[6]kleśā iti traya upakleśā rāgadveṣamohā: ||
{1 See A K. V. 34}paryavasthānānītyaṣṭau paryavasthānāni | āhrīkyamanapatrāpyaṃ styāna[7]middha-
mauddhatyaṃ kaukṛtyamīrṣyā mātsaryaṃ ||
oghā iti catvāra oghā: kāmaugho bhavaugho dṛṣṭyogho’vidyaugha: ||
yathaughā evaṃ [Tib. 91a. 1] yogā: ||
upādānānīti catvāryupādānāni | (46 kha) kāmopādānaṃ dṛṣṭyupādānaṃ
śīlavratopādānaṃ [2] [ātmavādopādānaṃ]{2 It is omitted in MS and the Tib. is extremely illegible. Katha-
vatthu, XV. 2; Vibhanga, 145; Nettipakarana, 41; Samyutta, ii. 3;
Digha, ii. 58; Majjhima, i. 66; AK iii. 86, v. 76.} ||
granthā iti catvāro granthā: | abhidhyākāyagrantho vyāpādaśīlavrata-
parāmarśa[3] {3 MS ^marseti, Tib. before satya (bden) appears to read hdi. ni. 
not clear ; if it is really so, it suggests idam, idam satyabhi^.}satyābhiniveśakāyagranthā: ||
nīvaraṇānīti pañca nīvaraṇāni | kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ | vyāpādastyāna-
middhauddhatyakaukṛtyavicikitsānīvaraṇāni{4 MS sing. number.} ||
khilānīti [4] trīṇi khilāni rāgadveṣamohā: ||
yathā khilānyevaṃ malā nighā[ni] śalyā[ni] kiñcana {5 For these words see the Dictionary of the P. T. S.}duścaritāni ca ||
[5]mūlānīti trīṇi mūlāni | lobho’kuśalamūlaṃ | dveṣo moho’kuśalamūlaṃ ||
āsravā iti traya āsravā: | kāmāsravo bhavāsravo’vidyāsrava: ||
vighātā iti trayo vighātā rāgadveṣamohā: ||
[6]yathā vighātā{6 For the five vinibandhas of citta see Digha, iii, 238 ; Majhima. i. 103.} evaṃ paridāhā upāyāsā raṇā agnayo [7] jvarā
vanathā: |
vinibandhā iti pañca vinibandhā kāyāpekṣā kāmāpekṣā {7 The text is not clear here.}saṃsṛṣṭavihāritā
ānulomikakathāvaikalyaṃ alpāvara{8 MS singular number.} [Tib. 91b. 1] mātrasantuṣṭiśca ||{9 The word avara in the MS could not be ascertained from Tib.
as it is very illegible here.}
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kleśānāmādīnava: katama: | anekākāra ādīnavo veditavya: | tadyathā 
kleśa utpadyamāna ādita eva cittaṃ saṃkleśayati ālambane[2] viparyāsaṃ 
karoti | naiṣyandikīṃ saṃskārasantatiṃ pravartayati | ātmavyābādhāya saṃvartate |{1 Tib. generally bhavati (hgyur. ba.).}
paravyābādhāya ubhayavyābādhāya | dṛṣṭadharmikamavadyaṃ prasavati sāmparāyikaṃ{2 Acc. to Tib. ca ubhayam is to be added here (dan. gnis. ga.).
After this MS adds here drstadharmasamparayikam not in Tib.} [3]
tajjaṃ caitasikaṃ du:khadaurmanasyaṃ{3 Acc. to Tib. it means duhkham and daurmanasyam as there 
is put between them ca (dan).} pratisaṃvedayate | janmādikaṃ du:khaṃ nirvartayati |
nirvāṇāddūrīkaroti | [4] santatiṃ{4 Not in Tib.} kuśalebhyo dharmebhya: parihāpayati | bhoga-
jyāniṃ nigacchati | maṅgu{5 Certainly it is for the Vedic and Pali manku, the former 
meaning ‘vacillating’ and the latter ‘staggering’ ‘confused’.}ranudagro’viśārada: parṣadamupasaṃkrāmati | digvidikṣu[5]
pāpako’varṇakīrttiśloko niścarati | garhyo bhavati satāṃ | vipratisārī kālaṃ
karoti | kāyasya ca bhedādapāyadurgati[6]vinipātanarakeṣūpapadyate svakaṃ cārthaṃ
nāpnoti ||
[karmasaṃkleśa:]
karmasaṃkleśa: katama: | uddānaṃ |
svabhāvaśca pramedaśca hetvavasthāmukhairapi |
gurutātha viparyāsa: paryāyo doṣa eva ca ||
[7] karmaṇāṃ svabhāvo’pi veditavya: prabhedo’pi heturappavasthāpi mukhamapyadhi-
mātratāpi viparyāso’pi paryāyopyādīnavo{6 Acc. to Tib. with upalambhah (dmigs) compounded with it as
a second member.}’pi veditavya: ||
karmasvabhāva: katama: | [Tib. 92a. 1] yo dharma utpadyamāno abhisaṃskāra-
lakṣaṇaścotpadyate tasya cotpādātkāyābhisaṃskāro vāgabhisaṃskārastaduttarakālaṃ
pravartate | ayamucyate karma[2]svabhāva: ||
karmaprabheda: katama: | dvābhyāmākārābhyāṃ draṣṭavya: | pudgalalakṣaṇaprabhedata: |
dharma{7 Tib. chos. See below. MS karma.}lakṣaṇaprabhedataśca | te punarakuśalā: kuśalāśca daśa karmapathā: |
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prāṇāti[3]pāta: prāṇātipātaviratiśca | adattādānamadattādānaviratiśca |
kāmamithyācāra: kāmamithyācāraviratiśca | mṛṣāvādo mṛṣāvādaviratiśca |
paiśunyaṃ [4] paiśunyaviratiśca | pāruṣyaṃ pāruṣyaviratiśca | saṃbhinnapralāpa: 
saṃbhinnapralāpaviratiśca | abhidhyābhidhyāviratiśca | vyāpādo vyāpāda-
viratiśca | mithyā[5]dṛṣṭirmithyādṛṣṭiviratiśca ||
[47 ka] tatra pudgalalakṣaṇavyavasthānaṃ yathoktaṃ yathā prāṇātipātika: khalu bhavati{1 While Tib. always adds iti (zes. or zes. bya. ba) MS omits it 
in all such cases here and below.}
vistareṇa yathāsūtraṃ [tatra]{2 Tib. de. la.} prāṇātipātika: khalu bhavatī[6]tyuddeśapadamidaṃ | raudro{3 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba).}
vadhahiṃsā{4 Tib. vihimsa (rnam. par. htshe. bahi).}cittapratyupasthānāt | rudhirapāṇi{5 Tib. adds iti (zes bya. ba.)}stadvadhasampādanātkāyavikārā-
patte: | hataprahata{6 Tib. bsad. pa. dan. gsod. pa.}niviṣṭo{7 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba.)} [7] jīvitād vyavaropyāṅgaśo vibhajyājīvakalpanāt |
{8 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba.)}alajjātmano’vadyotpādanāt{9 Tib. kha. na. mtho. ba. bskyed. pahi. phyir. MS ‘vadyapra-
savam upadaya.} | akṛpāpanna:{10 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba). MS atrapapanna for akrpapanna.} pareṣāmaniṣṭopa[Tib. 92b. 1]-
saṃhāramupādāya ||{11 For upasamharam upadaya Tib. sampadanat (bsgrub. pahi- phyir)}
santi nirgranthā nāma pravrajitā: | ta evamāhu: | yojanaśatasyārvāgye
prāṇinastebhya:{12 Acc. to Tib. tebhyah (de. dag. gyi. phyir.) is to be taken in 
the fourth case-ending in the sense of ‘for them’.} saṃvṛtā vā bhavantyasaṃvṛtā veti |{13 Tib. bsdams. pa. mi. bsdams. pa. yin. zes. Here va is omitted. 
MS samvrta va bhavaty asamvrta veti.} tatpratipakṣeṇa sarvasattveṣvi-
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tyāhu: |{1 So the Tib. gnen. por. sems. can. thams. cad. la. zes. gsuns. 
MS aha for ahuh.} ta eva puna[2]revamāhuryathā vṛkṣādayo bāhyabhāvā: prāṇibhūtā
iti | tatpratipakṣeṇāhu:{2 MS aha for ahuh}prāṇibhūteṣviti | iti{3 Tib. lit. evam (de. ltar. na.).} [3] satpuṇyaviratiprati-
pakṣaśca khyāpito bhavati asatpuṇyaviratipra{4 In the Xylograph read spon. ba. for sprod. pa.}tipakṣaśca khyāpito bhavati ||{5 The meaning of this paragraph is obscure to me.}
ebhiryathānirdiṣṭai: padairabhisaṃskāravadha:{6 Acc. to Tib. this compound word is to be explained as abhi-
samskarena vadah (mnon. par. hdu. byed. pas. gsod. pa.) MS 
vacah for ^vadah.} paridīpito’ntata:{7 Here MS adds kutra of which there is nothing in Tib.} pipīla-
kamapi prāṇinamupādāya | tena padena[4]#parihāra{8 ? Tib. bsrun. bar. dkah. ba. lit. meaning krcchra-raksana.}vadha:{9 Tib. gsod. ; MS vacah.} paridīpito
bhavati ||
prāṇātipātādaprativirato bhavatīti | sati pratyaye vyutthānāvakāśa: pari-
dīpito {10 So Tib. MS parikirttito.}yāvadaviratastāvat prāṇātipātika iti [5]samāsārtha: ||
puna: sarvairebhi: padai: prāṇātipātikaṃ liṅgaṃ prāṇātipātakriyā prāṇātipāta-
nidānaṃ prāṇātipātavastukriyāprabhedaśca paridīpito bhavati ||
apara: samāsārtha: | [6] prāṇātipātaṃ kurvanyathābhūto bhavati | yathā ca
prāṇinaṃ ghātayati | yacca prāṇinaṃ ghātayata: prāṇātipātikatvamasya bhavati
tadetatparidīpitamiti | prāṇātipātikapudgalalakṣaṇaṃ caitatparidīpitaṃ [7] na
prāṇātipātalakṣaṇaṃ ||
adattādāyika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | apareṣāmiti paraparigṛhītaṃ dhanadhānyādi
vastu{11 MS adds here grama-nagaram ceti not in Tib.} | tadeva yadgrāme [Tib. 93a. 1] sthāpitaṃ sañcāritaṃ vāraṇyagataṃ 
{12 Tib. dgon. pa. na. yod. pa. MS aranyagatam.}veti |
yadaraṇye jātaṃ vā saṃkṣiptaṃ vā sañcāritaṃ vā tadeva steyasaṃkhyāta-
miti | [47 kha] yadadattamatyakta[2]mamuktamādadānīti svīkaroti | adattādāyī{13 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba.).}
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kadācidupa{1 Xylograph illegible. hence it could not be ascertained.}karaṇavaikalyena svīkaraṇata:{2 Tib. simply svikaroti (bdag. gis. byed. paho). So in the 
following sentences.} | adattarata iti taccauryakarma [3] samādāya
vartanata: | adattātyaktāmuktapratikāṅkṣīti parāhṛtasvīkaraṇābhilāṣata:{3 MS ^lasitah} | tatra
yaddāyakena svāminā na pūrvaṃ dattaṃ dānayogena{4 Tib. sbyin. pahi. tshul. gyis. MS adds -grahana- between the 
words dana and yojana.} tadadattamityucyate | yatsvāminā
[4] pratigrāhakaṃ pratyaparityaktaṃ tadatyaktamityucyate | yatsvāminaiva sarvajanatāṃ{5 Tib. skye. ba. thams. cad. la. (lit. sarvajanam prati). MS 
janyatam prati.} 
prati yathākāmopādānaparibhogāyānisṛṣṭaṃ [5] tadamuktamityucyate | stena-{6 Tib. rku. ba.}
ñcātmānaṃ pariharati {7 Tib. yons. su. sbyed. lit. ‘conceals’. It adds here iti (zes. bya ba.). 
So below.}adattādāyitayādattaratatayā ca | lolupaṃ pariharati{8 Tib. adds evam}
adattātyaktāmuktapratikāṅkṣaṇatayā [6] aśuddhaṃ pariharati |{9 Here both in MS and Xylograph the word is illegible.} adhikaraṇaparā-
jayāśuddhatayā | aśuciṃ pariharati aparājitasyāpi taddoṣamalinatayā |
sāvadyaṃ pariharati [7] dṛṣṭadharmasāmparāyikāniṣṭaphalahetuparigrahatayā | adattā-
dānātprativirato bhavatīti prāṇātipātavadasyāpi vibhāgo draṣṭavya: | tadanyeṣu
ca karmapatheṣu{10 Tib. adds evam.} samāsārtha: ||
[Tib. 93b. 1] punaryata:]{11 Here the Xylograph and the MS are illegible.} adattādāyī bhavati yatrasthaṃ yathābhūtopāyo’-
paharan{12 Tib. thabs. ji. ltar. rku. ba. dan ; MS yathayathabhutopaharam.} 
tataścāpahārādyaṃ {13 As it is in the MS. It is to be noted that the reading here in 
two lines is not satisfactory being doubtful.}doṣamavāpnotyayaṃ piṇḍārtha: ||
idamapyadattādāyikalakṣaṇaṃ [2] nādattādānalakṣaṇaṃ veditavyaṃ | tathā pari-
śiṣṭeṣvapi ||
kāmamithyācārika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | yāstā mātāpitrādirakṣitā iti |
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[3] yathāpi tanmātāpitarau{1 MS matapitaram. But according to the following verb it 
should be changed.} svāṃ duhitaraṃ patipariṇayananimittaṃ tadanyena
saha maithunato{2 MS maithuno. Tib. hkhrig. pa. las.} gopayati rakṣati kālena kālamavalokayati | uparate vā puna-
stasmin sambandhena bhrātrā vā bhaginyā vā rakṣitā bhavati | [4] tasminvāsati
jñātirakṣitā bhavati | tasminnasati svayameva kule’pratirūpametaditi viditvā
sva[ya]mātmānaṃ rakṣati | śvaśrūśvaśurābhyāṃ vā rakṣitā bhavati svaputranimittaṃ |
{3 Here the text from sadanda to savarna is not quite clear 
both in Sanskrit and Tibetan.}sadaṇḍā | [5] rājayuktakuladaṇḍānīti rakṣitatvāt | sāvaraṇā dvārapāla-
rakṣitatvāt | sā khalveṣā pariṇītāyāstrividhārakṣā paridīpitā bhavati
samāsata: | gurusnigdhajanāvalokanārakṣā{4 In Tib. avalokana is omitted adding svayamraksa.} [6] rājayuktakulārakṣā dvārapālā-
rakṣā{5 MS raksa for araksa} ca ||
parabhāryā bhavati | saiva pariṇītā{6 Tib. dgar bahs ; read for it hdor. baho. (?)} paraparigṛhītā | saivāpariṇītā-
pyarakṣitā | [7] tribhirarakṣaitadrūpāsu |{7 For araksa (Tib. ma. bsruns. pa). MS araksa.} sahaseti | bhrāntiṃ janayitvā |
baleneti paśyatāṃ sarveṣāṃ mātāpitrādīnāṃ prasahyānicchantīmanuskandyeti |
[Tib. 94a. 1] [ākramaṇeneti] anicchantīmapaśyatāṃ corayanti ||]{8 Tib. nan. gyis. zes. bya. ba. ni. mi. hdod. bzin. du. de. dag.
gis. mi. mthon. bar. rku. baho. MS apasyatam cauryenecchantim.}
kāmeṣu cāritramāpadyata iti dvayadvayasamāpattiriha kāmo’bhipreta: | mithyācāritra-
māpadyata iti [2] anaṅgādeśākāleṣu (?){9 See p. 181. 1. 12.} ye svasyāmapi bhāryāyāṃ sāvadyā
bhavanti [iti] samāsārtha: ||
punaryāṃ gacchato yathāgacchata: kāmamithyācāro bhavati tadetatpari[3]dīpitaṃ ||
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mṛṣāvādika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ |{1 Here the following text as in the MS is extremely corrupt. 
Tib. too, is not of much help, nor is it here quite legible. The text
referred to reads rajakule vayuktakule va rajarajakulam tadadhikrto
yuktakulam. Most of the words of this Skt text are wanting in Tib.
which appear to run as follows : rgyal. pohi. pho. bran. hkhor. ces.
bya. ni. rgyal. po. hos (? rajakulam iti rajayogyam), bskos. pa. zes.
bya. ba. ni. (yuktam iti ?) la gtogs. paho.} apṛthaccheṇya:{2 It is obscure.} pariṣad (?) tāsāṃ
samavāya[4]ścāturdiśasya janakāyasya{3 Tib. de. dag. gi.} tribhirvyavahārairanubhūtaṃ yattajjñānaṃ | dṛṣṭe-
nānubhūtaṃ dṛṣṭameva{4 Acc. to Tib. lit. drstam iti darsanenaivanubhutam (mthon ba. 
zes. bya. ba. ni. mthon. ba. kho. nas. myon. baho).} | ātmahetoriti bhayahetorvāmiṣakiñcitkahetorvā | [5] yathātma-
hetorevaṃ paraheto[:] rubhaya{5 Tib. reading hjigs. pahi. phyir. shows the reading bhaya-. But
the next word bhaya in [bhayahetor] is in Tib. ubhaya (gni. gahi.)}heto: | [bhayahetoriti]{6 Also MS has a bhaya.} vadhabandhanajyānigarhaṇādi-
bhayāt | āmiṣakiñcitkahetoriti [48 ka] [6] dhanadhānyahiraṇyādinimittaṃ mṛṣāvācaṃ 
bhāṣata iti vinidhāya ruciṃ dṛṣṭiṃ bhāṣaṇāt | samāsārtha: punaradhikaraṇato’-
nyathā bhāṣaṇato nidānata: saṃjñāvivādataśca [7] mṛṣāvādo veditavya: ||
paiśunika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ bhedābhiprāyatvādvibhedaka: | eṣāṃ śrutvā
teṣāmārocayati | teṣāṃ vā śrutvaiṣāmārocayatīti | [Tib. 94b. 1] yathā- 
śruta{7 Tib. ji. skad. thos. paho. MS ^kulyam.}bhedānukūlaṃ vacanaṃ | samagrāṇāṃ bhettā{8 In the Xylograph read dbye. bar. for hbyed. par.} bhavati viprītisaṃjananatayā |
bhinnānāṃ cānupradānāt{9 MS pradanam. Tib. bye. ba. rnams. mi. hdum. par. byed. ces.
bya. ba. ni. meaning bhinnam bhedakaranam iti.} prīti: sambhavati | [2] gopanatayā{10 Tib. not clear, hence the reading could not be ascertained
from this source. See after a line pratisambhava-vilopane.}
vyagrā{11 The word vyagra, Tib. mi. mthun. pa, or mi. hdum. pa. is an
opposite term of samagra. Tib. mthun. pa.}rāmo bhavati viprītisaṃjanane kliṣṭacittatayā | vyagrarata: prītisambhava-
@176
vilopane (?) kliṣṭacittatayā vyagrakaraṇīṃ vācaṃ bhāṣate'śrutvā vā [3] paraprayojana-
tayā vā | samāsārtha: punarbhedābhiprāyatā abhinnabhedaprayogatā bhinnabhedaprayo-
gatā bhedakliṣṭacittatā paraprayojanatā ca paridīpitā bhavati ||
[4] pāruṣika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | tatra śīlāṅgaparigṛhītatvād vāṅ
nele{1 Clearly here and below the word is nela. for which in both
the places Tib. is mi. gyo. ba. meaning lit. niscala 'unmoving’
i.e., 'firm’ `true’. In Skt. ila means `flow’ and `speech’, so it 
may be that acc. to Tib. nela (na ila) is lit. that speech which
does not move, i.e. is firm, true. In Pali, however, the word 
nela is well-known and used frequently and specially with reference
to speech. It is from Sanskrit na-enas `fault’. `sin’, i.e. `faultless’,
`sinless’ with reference to speech. Buddhaghosa explains : elam
vuccati doso n’assa (i.e. vacaya) `ti nela niddosa. It is there-
fore quite clear that the word nela used here in our text is nothing
but nela in Pali meaning `faultless’. See the Pali Dictionary.}tyucyate | madhuraślakṣṇapadavyañjanatvātkarṇasukhā | adhyāśayaprayojitatvād
[5] akṛtrimatvādaśāṭhyopahatatvād hṛdayaṅgametyucyate | asamāropitatvāt 
kālamātrārthopasaṃhitātvācca premaṇī | nirvāṇapurādhikṛtatvā [6]paurī{2 Tib. pho. bran. hkhor. bahi. skad. lit. meaning nagarapari.
varakatha. Mahavyutpatti. 2808. pauri (for ^ra ?) samkathyam.} | madhura-
padavyañjanatvādvalgu: | suniruktapadavyañjanatvādvispaṣṭā | gamakatvādvijñeyā |
dharmyatvācchravaṇīyā | [7] nirāmiṣacittatvādaniśritā | parimitatvā{3 For this Tib. lit. sadvakyatvad (tshig. dam. pas. na).}
dapratikūlā | prabaddhatvādviśadatvāccāparyādattā{4 For visada. Tib. lit. nirbhaya. Cf. Buddhist derivation of the
word visarada. Tib. mi. hgigs. pa. which means `abhaya’ or `nir-
bhaya’. See next note.} ||
sā khalveṣā nelāmupādāya yāvadaparyādattāntā{5 For aparyadatta- Tib. gtugs. pa. med. paho. Here at the 
beginning one could expect yons. MS adds here ca not supported by Tib.} trividhā veditavyā |
[Tib. 95a. 1] śīlasaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaikenākāreṇa saṃmodikā | paścimā punaradhi-
kārasampannā prathamākāreṇa | dvābhyāṃ [2]vyañjanasampannā | pariśiṣṭai: prayoga-
sampannā veditavyā | anāgatamadhvānamupādāyābhipretatvātkāntā | [atīta-
@177
madhvānamupādāyābhipretatvāt priyā |]{1 Tib. hdas. pahi. dus. las brten. hdod. par. bya. ba. yin. pahi.
phyir. sdug. paho.} [3] vartamānamadhvānamupādāya vastuto’-
nubhavataścābhipretatvāt priyā manāpā ca veditavyā | yā sammodikā sā bahujana-
syeṣṭā kāntā{2Tib. wrongly skye.ba.} priyā [4] manāpā ca | yā dharmadeśikā sā samāhitā |
yā śīlāṅgaparigṛhītā sā vipratisādhyānupūrvyā samādhisaṃvartanī ||
tatra ādaśā-dīptā{3 After tatra MS seems to read adasa dipta with a query. Tib.
gzer hdebs (?).}yā[5] parābhidrohiṇī{4 MS ^bhisamgini ; Tib. ^gnod. paho.} dveṣaviṣamokṣaṇāt | karkaśā
yā paraṃ [prati]{5 Tib. la.} kaṭukā du:khasaṃsparśāt | śiṣṭaṃ śuklapakṣaviparyayeṇa veditavyā ||
saṃbhinnapralāpika: khalu bhavatī[6]tyuddeśapadaṃ |{6 Tib. adds here kalatraye (dus. gsum. du.).} pañcavidhā codanā{7 In Tib. codana is generally bskul. ba. but here there is tshig.
`word’ or `speech’.} |
adhikṛtya mithyā codanā{8 The Tib. word for codana is here indistinct, but it is clear
that it is not bskul. ba.} kāle’kāle vāditayā’kālavādī{9 For akalavadi MS akale cavadi.} | abhūta-
vāditayābhūtavādī | anarthopasaṃhita[7]vāditayānarthavādī | paruṣavādita-
yādharmavādī | dveṣā{10 As the Xylograph is indistinct antara could not be ascer-
tained from Tib.}ntaravāditayā niśamyavādī{11 MS adds here anisamyavaditaya not in Tib.} | mithyādharmadeśanā-
kāle’cintayitvā samyagupanidhyāya deśanayā niśamya vācaṃ bhāṣitā bhavati ||
[Tib. 95b. 1] paribhūya śṛṇvate deśanā parakāle na pūrveṇāparasambaddhārtha-
tayā prakīrṇā | [48 kha] ayuktipatitahetvapadeśatayā na sāpadeśā | ananuśliṣṭa-
dṛṣṭāntopasaṃhāratayā [2] na sāvadānā | {12 Here the passage both in Skt. and Tib. is not clear.}hāsyagītādikrīḍākāle naṭanartaka-
@178
hāsakalāsakā[3]diprekṣākāle’narthasaṃhitā || samāsārtha: punaryathā nirdiṣṭakāla-
traye saṃbhinnapralāpa eva paridīpita: ||
abhidhyālu: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | parasve rāgamadhipatiṃ kṛtvā [4]
svīkaraṇaniścayotpattyadhivāsanatayā tīvrasaṃrāga: | vittaṃ{1 Tib. adds iti (zes. bya. ba.).} yadvyāvahāri
dhanajātaṃ | upakaraṇaṃ yatpārabhogikaṃ | tadubhayamabhisamastaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | [5]
yatpareṣāṃ tanmama syādityabhidhyāyā: pravṛttyākāra eṣa paridīpita: samāsato’-
bhidhyāsvabhāvata{2 Acc. to Tib. abhidhyasvabhavatah (lit. abhidhyayah sva-
bhavatah, brnab. sems. kyi. no. bo. nid. dan).} ālambanata ākārataśca veditavya: || 
vyāpanna[6]citta: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | parasattveṣu vyāpādamadhipatiṃ kṛtvopa-
ghātaniścayotpattyadhivāsanatayā praduṣṭamana:saṅkalpa:{3 From here to the end of the paragraph the following few
lines are figuratively translated into Tib. and are not clear, for
instance, for hanyantam in the Tib. text we have literally vadhe
kim ayuktam and then the same way is followed.} | hanyantā[7]mityāśraya{4 For-bandha Tib.-vadha- (bsad.). After-bandha- Tib. omits -vipatti-.}-
bandhavipattikāmatā | vadhyantāmityāśrayavadha{5 For vadhyantam MS badhyantam. For-vadha. (Tib. bsad).}kāmatā, | jīyantāmiti para{6 Tib. lit. parasya (gzan. gyi.).}
bhogavipattikāmatā | anayena [Tib. 96a. 1] vyasanamāpadyatāmiti svayameva 
bhogavipattikāmatā | samāsārtha: pūrvavaddraṣṭavya: ||
mithyādṛṣṭika: khalu bhavatītyuddeśapadaṃ | evaṃdṛṣṭirityātmano [2] vivakṣitārtha-
kṣāntiruciparidīpanametat | evaṃvādīti pareṣāṃ vivakṣitārthagrahaṇaparidīpanametat |
trividhābhiprāyasya [3] dānasyāpavādādbhogābhiprāyasya śuddhyabhiprāyasya devatā-
pūjābhiprāyasya nāsti dattaṃ nāstīṣṭaṃ nāsti hutamityāha | hutamagnidevatāpūjābhi-
prāyasya [4] draṣṭavyaṃ | savipakṣapratipakṣasya śīlamayasya bhāvanāmayasya kuśalasyā-
pavādāddānamayavipakṣasya ca | nāsti [5] sucaritaṃ nāsti duścaritamityāha |
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tasya{1 Tib. seems to read suddhasya (dag. pa.).} trividhasya savipakṣapratipakṣasya kuśalasyāpavādānnāsti sukṛtaduṣkṛta{2 Tib. omits-duskrta.}
karmaṇāṃ phalavipāka [6] ityāha | pravṛttyadhiṣṭhānapratyayāpavādānnāstyayaṃ loko
nāsti paraloka ityāha | tatphala{3 MS pada for-phala- (Tib. hbras. bu.)..}pratyayāpavādāttadvījapratyayāpavādācca nāsti mātā 
nāsti pitetyāha{4 In Tib. first nasty pita then nasty mata.} | [7] pravṛttipuruṣāpavādānnāsti sattva upapāduka ityāha |
pravṛttipratipakṣikanivṛttyapavādānna santi loke’rhanta iti vistareṇāha | tatra
pratyātmaṃ [49 ka] saṃ{5 Tib. kun. nas. non. mons ; MS omits sam. Neither of the 
texts, Skt. and Tib., is clear here, the latter being very illegible,
but after samkesa it has clearly bzi (for gzi ?), the next word is 
illegible, then it reads pahi. phyir.}kleśa [Tib. 96b. 1] –samapagamāt{6 MS samopagamat.} samyaggatā: |
sattveṣu{7 Tib. sems. can. rnams. la. MS satyesu.} mithyāpratipattivivarjitapratipatte: samyakpratipannā: | hetukāla [iti]
imaṃ kālaṃ{8 Tib. tshe ; MS lokam.} | phalakāla iti parakālaṃ | [svasyeti]{9 Tib. ran. gi. zes. bya. ba. ni.
Tib. mnon. par. ses. pas. zes. bya. ba. ni. drug. pa. so. MS
abhijnaya sasthya. For sathya Tib. has sasthena. But what is to 
be known hereby.} [2] svapuruṣakāratvāt svayama-
bhijñāya [iti] | ṣaṣṭhyā sākṣātkṛtya{10 Tib. mnon. sum. du. byas. nas. zes. bya. ba. ni. mnon. pahi.
lam. gyis. so. Literally this would read : saksatkrtyeti darsana.
margena.} [iti] | {11 Tib. bsgrubs. te. zes. bya. ba. ni. MS ^sampadya.} darśanamārgeṇa | bhāvanāmārgeṇopa-
sampādya{12 In the Xylograph read hdzin for hjin.} [iti] svayaṃ ca jñānātpareṣāṃ [3] cāropaṇātsvasyādhigamasya pravedayante
[iti] kṣīṇā me jātirityevamādi pūrvavadvibhāgo veditavya: | tatrāyaṃ samāsārtha: |
hetvapavāda: phalāpa[4]vāda: kriyāpavāda: sadvastvapavādaśca paridīpita: || tatra
kriyā bījopanikṣepaṇakriyā dhāraṇākriyā{12 In the Xylograph read hdzin for hjin.} āgamanagamanakriyā upapatti-
saṃvartanīyakarmakriyā ||
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[5] apara: piṇḍārthaparyāya: | sahetu{1 Tib. omits -hetu-.}phalāyā: sapratyayapravṛttipuruṣāyā: 
pravṛtterapavāda: | tatpratipakṣikāyāśca nivṛtterapavāda: paridīpita: | tatra pravṛttya-
pavāde [6] hetvapavādo draṣṭavyo na svalakṣaṇāpavāda: | nivṛttyapavāde punarguṇāpa-
vādo draṣṭavyo na pudgalavāda iti ||
tatra [7] śuklapakṣa etadviparyayeṇa sarvo veditavya: | yattu viśeṣaṇaṃ tadva-
kṣyāmi | kāmamithyācāramupādāya brahmacārītyuddeśapadaṃ | tadetattisṛbhi: pari-
śuddhibhi: [Tib. 97a. 1] śuddhaṃ veditavyaṃ | kālaśuddhyā parasambhāvanā-{2 For sambhavana Tib. yid. ches. pa. meaning pratyaya
'belief’. The word is repeated below.}-
śuddhyā pratipattiśuddhyā ca | {3 For yav^ bhavati Tib. reads dela. rin. du. spyod. pa. zes. bya.
ba. ni. srid. htshe. hi. bar. du. gcod. pahi (?) phyir. ro. It is not
quite clear ; but with the suggested reading it may mean tatra
arac cariti yavajjivam suddheh. Here arac cariti seems to be a part
of a sentence which is being explained.}yāvajjīvaṃ caraṇād ārāccārī bhavati |
eṣā ca kālaśuddhi: | adhikaraṇaśuddhita: śuddha: | [2] avyatikramaṇata: {4 Tib. Text omits the word avyatikaranatah, but reads dag. par.
byed. pa. ste. suggesting saucakarana.}
śuci: | iyaṃ ca parasambhāvanāśuddhi: ||
tatra syācchuddho na śuciriti{5 Tib. adds akarena (tshul. gyis.).} catuṣkoṭika: | tatra prathamā koṭiradhyā-
pannasyādhikaraṇe jaya: | dvitīyā koṭiranadhyāpannasyādhikaraṇe [3] parājaya: |
tṛtīyā koṭiranadhyāpannasyā{6 Tib. ma. byas. la ; MS adhyapannasya.}dhikaraṇe jaya: | caturthī koṭiradhyāpannasyādhi-
karaṇe parājaya: ||
tatra mātṛgrāmasya kāyasaṃsargāsvīkaraṇānnirāmagandha: | dvayadvayasamāpadanā-
dvirato maithunāt | [4] tadanyena hastasaṃsargādikenopāyena{7 Tib. adds anyena (gzan. gyis).} śukraśoṇitavi-
mokṣaṇādapraṇidhāya ca brahmacaryābhyupagamādvirato grāmadharmāt | iyaṃ ca prati-
pattisampadityucyate ||
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samāsārtho [5]’traivāntarbhūto draṣṭavya: ||
mṛṣāvāda{1 Tib.lit.^vadad (smra. ba. las.) for -vadam.}mārabhya śraddheyo bhavati pratyayitatvāt | pratyito viśvāsya-
tayā{2 Tib. lit. visvasyah (yid. brtan. du. run. ba.) for sraddheyah.
One may also expect here dad. par. run.} | tatra tatrā{3 In Tib. tatra is only once.}dhikaraṇe prāmāṇikatvena{4 Tib. pramanatvena (tshad. mar) for pramanikatvena one 
would expect tshad. mar. run. ba. in Tib.}, sthāpyate{5 After sthapyate MS adds iti stheyah of which there is nothing in Tib.} tathā ca viśvāsa-
[6] māpanneṣvavisaṃvādanādanabhidrohaṇādavisaṃvādaka: ||
samāsatastrividha upagraha: paridīpito bhavati | {6 Tib. bsam. pa. ne. bar. gzun. ba. dan. MS asropa^}āśayopagraho vini-
yogo[49 kha]{7 The word viniyoga could not be ascertained from Tib. as
the Xylograph could not be read clearly.} pagraha: kriyopagrahaśca ||
[dharmalakṣaṇavyavasthānaṃ |]
tatra dharmalakṣaṇavyavasthānaṃ | [7] prāṇātipāta: katama: | vadhābhiprāyasya 
kliṣṭacetasa: paraprāṇini tatraiva vadhaprayoge vadhaniṣṭhāyāṃ yatkāyakarma ||
adattā [Tib. 97b. 1]dānaṃ katamat | apahārābhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetasa:
paraparigṛhīte vastuni tatraivāhāraprayoge tatraivāpahāra{8 MS ^hare}niṣṭhāyāṃ yatkāyakarma ||
[2] kāmamithyācāra: katama: | sevā{9 Tib. indistinct. Tib. appears to read brtsen (for bsten ?)}bhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetasa: agamyā-
naṅgādeśākāleṣu{10 Tib. appears to support it reading : hjug. par. bya. ba. ma.
yin. pa. dan yan. lag. ma. yin. pa. dan. yul. ma. yin. pa. dan. dus.
ma. yin. pa. dag. tu. But the meaning is not quite clear. See p. 
174, 1. 15.} tatraiva kāma[3] mithyācāraprayoga: kāmamithyācāraniṣṭhāyāṃ 
ca yat [kāya] {11 Tib lus. kyi. las.} karma ||
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mṛṣābāda: katama: | vinidhāya saṃjña[#ṃ] vaktu kāmasya kliṣṭacetasa: [4] para-
sattve tatraiva kūṭasākṣiprayoge kūṭasākṣiniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yadvākkarma |
paiśunyaṃ katamat | bhedābhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetasa: parasattveṣu tatraiva [5] bheda-
prayoge bhedaniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yadvākkarma |
pāruṣyaṃ katamat | paruṣaṃ vaktukāmasya kliṣṭacetasa: parasattveṣu tatraiva paruṣa-
vacana[6]prayoge paruṣavacananiṣṭhāyāṃ ca yadvākkarma ||
saṃbhinnapralāpa: katama: | pralapitukāmasya kliṣṭacetaso’baddhapralāpaprayoge’-
baddhapralāpa[7] niṣṭhāyāṃ ca yadvākkarma ||
abhidhyā katamā | parasvīkaraṇābhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetasa: parasvīkaraṇābhi-
prāye niścayaprayoge tanniṣṭhāyāṃ ca [Tib. 98a. 1] yanmanaskarma ||
vyāpāda: katama: | paravyāpādābhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetasa: paravyāpādābhiprāya-
{1 MS ^praya tanniscaya not supported by Tib.}niścayaprayoge [2] tanniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yanmanaskarma ||{2 For tannisthayam ca yan (Tib. de. mthar. thug. par. byas.
pa. pahi.}
mithyādṛṣṭi: katamā | apavādābhiprāyasya kliṣṭacetaso’pavādābhiprāya-
niścayaprayoge {3 MS prayogatannisthayam yat.} [3] tanniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yanmanaskarma ||
prāṇātipātavirati: katamā | prāṇātipāta ādīnavābhiprāyasya kuśala-
cetasasta{4 Here and just one word after it Tib. tat kusala (de. yan dge. ba. for tat.}tsaṃyamaprayoge tat[4]saṃyamaniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yatkāyakarma ||
yathā prāṇātipātaviratirevamadattādānakāmamithyācāramṛṣāvādapaiśunyapā-
ruṣyasaṃbhinna[5]pralāpābhidhyāvyāpādamithyādṛṣṭiviratayo veditavyā: | tatrāyaṃ 
viśeṣa: | [6] adattādāna ādīnavābhiprāyasya yāvanmithyādṛṣṭāvādīnavā-
bhiprāyasya kuśalacetasa ta{4 Here and just one word after it Tib. tat kusala (de. yan dge. ba. for tat.}tsaṃyamaprayoge tatsaṃyamaniṣṭhāyāṃ ca yanmanaskarma ||
tatra daśa [7] samānāni troṇi bhavanti | kāyakarma vākkarma manaskarma |
trīṇi samānāni daśa bhavanti ||
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karmaṇāṃ hetu: katama: | sa dvādaśākāro veditavya: | lobho dveṣo moha:
ātmā [Tib. 98b. 1] para:{1 So Tib. reading bdag. dan pha. rol, dan, lit. atma paras ca.} parānuvṛttirāmiṣabhayamapakāranimittaṃ krīḍārati-
dharmasaṃjñā mithyādṛṣṭiśca ||
karmāvasthā katamā | samāsata: pañcākārā [2] veditavyā | mṛdvavasthā 
madhyāvasthādhimātrāvasthotpattyavasthā vāsanāvasthā ca | tatra mṛdunā kuśalena 
karmaṇā tiryakṣūtpadyate | [3] madhyena preteṣu | adhimātreṇa narakeṣu | mṛdunā
kuśalena manuṣyeṣūtpadyate madhyena kāmāva [50 ka] careṣu deveṣu | [4] adhimātreṇa
rūpyārūpyeṣu
mṛdvavasthamakuśalaṃ{2 Tib. mi. dge. bahi. MS mrdvastham kusalom.} karma katamat | yanmṛdulobha[dveṣa{3 Tib. ze. sdan.}] moha{4 MS -mogha-, it is remarkable, as in Pali in moghapurisa,
Tib. gti. mug.}nidānaṃ |
[5] madhyāvasthaṃ yanmadhyalobhadveṣamohanidānaṃ | adhimātrāvasthaṃ yadadhimātra-
lobhadveṣamohanidānaṃ | kuśalaṃ vā punaralobhādveṣāmohanidānaṃ tathaiva yathāyogaṃ 
draṣṭavyaṃ | [6] utpattyavasthaṃ yadutpannāniruddhaṃ saṃmukhībhūtaṃ | vāsanāvasthaṃ yadutpanna-
niruddhaṃ vimukhībhūtaṃ ||
karmaṇāṃ mukhaṃ katamat | tatsamāsato dvividhaṃ | [7] phaladānamukhamupa-
ghātānugrahamukhaṃ ca || phaladānamukhaṃ katamat | tatpañcākāraṃ veditavyaṃ | vipāka-
phalato niṣyandaphalato’dhipatiphalato dṛṣṭadharmaphalata: [Tib. 99a. 1] parādhi- 
patiphalataśca ||
tatra vipākaphalata: | prāṇātipāta ātmacitte bhāvite{5 Tib. samsevite (? kun. tu. bsten. cin) for atmacitte.} bahulīkṛte
narakeṣu{6 Tib. sems. can. dmyal. ba. rnams. kyi. nan. MS satan.}
vipāko vipacyate | yathā prāṇātipāta [2] evamavaśiṣṭeṣva-
kuśaleṣu{7 Tib. mi. dge. bahi.} karmapatheṣu | idameṣāṃ vipākaphalaṃ ||
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tatra niṣyandaphalata: | sacenmanuṣyāṇāṃ{1 After sacet MS icchamtvamagacchati with a query. But there 
is nothing of it in Tib.} sabhāgatāyāmalpāyuṣko
bhavati | [sambhogavipanno [3] bhavati |]{2 Tib. lons. spyod. kyis. phons. par. hgyur. ba. dan.} aguptadvāro{3 Tib. wrongly -daro (chun. mo `wife’) for -dvaro. Evidently
the Tib. translator mistook dvara for dara.} bhavati |
abhyākhyānabahulībhavati | vibhinnamitro bhavati | amanojñaśabdaśrotā bhavati |
anādeya{4 MS anadeyo, Tib. lit. apriya. (mi. snan. pa) for anadeya.}vākyo bhavati | tīvrarogo bhavati | [4] tīvradveṣo bhavati |
tīvramoho bhavati | idameṣāṃ niṣyandaphalaṃ ||
tatrādhipatiphalata: | akuśalānāṃ karmaṇāmāsevitatvād bhāvitatvādvahulī-
kṛtatvāttenādhipatinā bāhyā{5 In the Xylograph read gyi for gyis.} [5] bhāvā alpaujaskaphalā bhavanti asampanna-
phalā:{6 Tib. lit. apakva- (mi. smin. pa) for asampanna.} pūtiphalā: parivṛtta{7 Tib. lit. anya(gzan) for parivrtta.}phalā: śīrṇaphalā asvāduphalā asadāphalā
alpaka[6]phalā apathyaphalā aphalāśca | etadviparyayeṇa kuśalakarma draṣṭavyaṃ ||
tatra dṛṣṭadharmaphalata: | dvābhyāṃ kāraṇābhyāṃ karma dṛṣṭaphalaṃ bhavatyakuśalaṃ vā 
kuśalaṃ vā | āśayato vastutaśca | tatrāśayo’ṣṭākāro veditavya: | tadyathā 
apekṣāśayo nirapekṣāśayo’pakārāśaya: karuṇāśaya āghātāśaya: prasādāśaya:
[Tib. 99b. 1] kṛtaghnāśaya: kṛtajñāśayaśca ||
tatrāpekṣāśayato’pi karmākuśalaṃ dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ | yathāpīhaikatyo’dhimātrāṃ{8 Tib. omits adhimatram here and just before -nirapeksatam.}
kāyanirapekṣatāṃ bhoganirapekṣatāṃ bhavanirapekṣatā[2]mabhisaṃskaroti ||
tatra nirapekṣāśayato’pi karma kuśalaṃ{9 Tib. akusalam (mi. dge. ba).} dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathā-
pīhaikatyo’dhimātrāṃ kāyanirapekṣatāṃ bhoganirapekṣatāṃ bhavanirapekṣatāmabhi-
saṃskaroti ||
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tatrāpakārāśayato’pi [3] karmākuśalaṃ dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathā-
pīhaikatya: parasattveṣu parapudgaleṣvadhimātramapakārāśayamabhisaṃskaroti ||
tatra karuṇāśayato’pi karma kuśalaṃ [4] dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathāpīhai-
katya: parasattveṣu parapudgaleṣvadhimātraṃ karuṇāśaya{1 Tib. adds here upakarasayam ca (phan. pahi. bsan. pa.).} mabhisaṃskaroti ||
tatrādhātāśayato’pi karmākuśalaṃ [5] [50 kha] dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati |
yathāpīhaikatyo buddhe vā dharma vā saṅghe vānyatamānyatamasminvā gurusthānīye 
vastunyadhimātramāghātāśayaṃ pratighātāśayamabhisaṃskaroti ||
[6] tatra prasādāśayato’pi karma kuśalaṃ dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathā-
pīhaikatyo buddhe vā dharma vā saṅghe bādhimātraṃ prasādāśaya{2 Tib. adds here evam (de. ltar.).}madhibhuktyāśayamabhi-
saṃskaroti ||
tatra{3 Tib. omits it.} kṛta{4 Tib. lit. akrtajnasayatah (drin. du. mi. bahi. bsam. It is also
below.}ghnāśayato’pi [7] karmākuśalaṃ dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathā-
pīhaikatyo mātari vā pitari vānyatamānyatamasminvopakāravastunyadhimātraṃ 
kṛtaghnā{5 Tib. lit. akrtajnasayam. MS. akrtaghnusayam. See note 4.}śayamabhidrohāśayaṃ raudrāśaya [Tib. 100a. 1] mabhisaṃskaroti ||
tatra kṛtajñāśayato’pi karma kuśalaṃ dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathāpīhaikatyo
mātari pitari vānyatamānyatamasminvopakāravastunyadhimātraṃ kṛtajñāśayaṃ pratyupa-
kārāśaya [madhimātra [2] mabhisaṃskaroti] ||
tatra vastuto’kuśalaṃ karmānantaryeṣmānantaryabhāveṣu{6 In Tib. bhavesu could not be verified as it is illegible here.} ca dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ 
bhavati | pañcānantaryāṇi karmāṇi | tadyathā mātṛvadha: pitṛvadho{7 In Tib. first pitrvadhah then matrvadhah.} [3] ‘rhadvadha:
saṅghamedastathāgatasyāntike duṣṭacittarudhirotpādanaṃ ca ||
ānantaryasabhāgāni puna: | yathāpīhaikatyo’rhantaṃ vā gacchati mātaraṃ 
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vā{1 Here from Tib. we can ascertain only arhantam va (dgra.
bcom. pa. ham). other letters being very illegible. MS has as in the
body arhantinim (?) for arhantam which is emended.} || [4] caramabhavikāya vā bodhisattvāya praharati | devatāyataneṣu 
vā catvareṣu vā śṛṅgāṭakeṣu vā paśuvadhamanupravartayati | viśvastaṃ vā parama-
viśvāsaprāptaṃ [5]mitraṃ vā suhṛdaṃ vā vayasyakaṃ vā druhyati vpaṃsayati{2 The root vi ams means `to cheat.’} vipravāsa-
yati | du:khitaṃ vā punarniṣkiñcanamanāthamapratiśaraṇaṃ śaraṇāgatamapradānenopa
gṛhyottaratrābhidruhyati pīḍāyai pratipadyate | saṅghāyadvāraṃ vāpaharati | [6] caitya-
bhedaṃ vā karoti | ityevaṃbhāgīyaṃ karmānantaryasamāgamityucyate ||
kuśalaṃ vā punarvastuto dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathāpīhaikatyo mātarama-
śrāddhāṃ śraddhāsampadi [7] samādāpayati vinayati niveśayati pratiṣṭhāpayati |
yathāśrāddhāṃ śraddhāsampadyevaṃ du:śīlāṃ śīlasampadi | matsariṇīṃ yogasampadi{3 Tib. not clear appearing to read gtod. hdar. ldan. pa., but 
it does not give any sense.} 
duṣprajñāṃ prajñāsampadi [Tib. 100b. 1] | yathā mātaramevaṃ pitaraṃ | maitryā{4 Tib. byams. pa. la.} [:]
samāpattervyutthitaṃ piṇḍakena pratipādayati | [kārya]kārānvā prayuṃkte{5 Tib. reads :bya. ba. byed. pa. dan. MS simply karan. 
So two times more below.} | evaṃ 
karuṇāyā{6 Tib. snin. rje. MS evamarnayah, evidently for karunayah.}
nirodhasamāpatte: srota[2]āpattiphalād{7 For phalad Tib. phalalabhat (hbras. bu. thob. pa. las.}vyutthitamarhatvaphalācca{8 Tib. omits arhatvaphalac ca.}
piṇḍakena pratipādayati kārānvā prayuṃkte | tathā sākṣādbuddhe bhagavati
kārānprayukte | yathā buddhe bhagavatyevaṃ śaikṣāśaikṣasaṅghe ||
[3] eṣveva vā punarvastuṣu viparyayeṇākuśalamapi karma dṛṣṭhadharmavedanīyaṃ 
bhavatyapakāranaimittikaṃ ||
tatra parādhipatiphalata: karma dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ bhavati | yathāpi tadyasmi-
ngrāmakṣetre{9 Tib. simply sthane (gnas).} tathāgato viharati | {10 MS adds iti after it.}tatra [4] netaya upadravā vopasargā {11 Lit. in Tib. there is ca (dan) and not va (ham) ; and there is 
nothing to show that it was put after upadravah.}utpadyante |
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anītiko’nupadravo’nupasargo janakāya: sukhasyarśa viharati | [51 ka] yaduta buddhānu-
bhāvena[5] | yathā buddhā evaṃ cakravartino maitravihāriṇaśca bodhisattvā: | tathā 
bodhisattva: karuṇāśayo daridrān du:khitān [6] daivopahatān sattvānabhi-
samīkṣyānnena pānena dhanena dhānyena kośena santarpayati | te ca tena pratyayena
sukhasparśaṃ viharanti | idamapyevaṃbhāgīyaṃ parādhipatikaṃ dṛṣṭadharma [7]vedanīyaṃ karma 
veditavyaṃ ||
tatropaghātānugraha: | aṣṭābhirupaghātamukhai: sattveṣu daśākuśalā: karmapathā 
vyavasthāpitā: | aṣṭāvupaghātamukhāni katamāni | prāṇopaghāto [Tib. 101a. 1]
bhogopaghāto dāropaghāta: kūṭasākṣyupaghāta: (?) sahāyopaghāto doṣasamākhyāno-
paghāta: prasādopasaṃhāropaghāto bhayopasaṃhāropaghātaśca{1 Skt. text from dosa^ to ghatasca could not properly be com-
pared with Tib. which is not here quite clear.} | [2] etadviparyayeṇa 
kuśalānāṃ karmapathānāṃ mukhāni draṣṭavyāni ||
karmaṇāmadhibhātratā tīvratā gurutā{2 Acc. to Tib. at least here ca (dan) is to be added.} katamā | sā ṣaḍbhirākārairdraṣṭavyā{3 Tib. lit. veditavya (rig. par. bya.) for drastavya.} |
abhisaṃskārato [3] ‘bhyāsata: svabhāvato vastuto vipakṣaikāntato vipakṣo-
paghātataśca | tatrābhisaṃskārata: | yathāpīhaikatyastīvreṇa lobhadveṣamoha-
paryavasānena [4] tīvreṇa vālobhādveṣāmohābhisaṃskāreṇa karma samutthāpayati ||
tatrābhyāsata: | yathāpīhaikatyena kuśalamakuśalaṃ vā karma dīrgharātramāsevitaṃ 
bhavati[5]bhāvitaṃ bahulīkṛtaṃ || tatra svabhāva[ta:] | tadyathā saṃbhinnapralāpātpāruṣyaṃ 
mahāsāvadyataraṃ | pāruṣyātpaiśunyaṃ mahāsāvadyataraṃ | paiśunyānmṛṣāvādo mahā-
sāvadyatara: | [mṛṣā[6] {4 Tib. brdzun, du. smra. ba. las (?) hdod. pa. la. log. par.
gyen. pa. kha. na. ma. tho. ba. ches. ce. ba. dan/}vādātkāmamithyācāro mahāsāvadyatara:]{5 Tib. adds anavadyataram reading ches. kha. na. ma. tho. ba.
med. pa.} kāma-
mithyācārādadattādānaṃ mahāsāvadyataraṃ | adattādānātprāṇātipāto mahāsāvadya-
tara: | abhidhyāyā [7] vyāpādo sāvadyatara: | vyāpādānmithyādṛṣṭirmahāsāvadya-
@188
tarā | dānamayācchīlamayamanavadyataraṃ | śīlamayādbhāvanāmayaṃ{1 Tib. adds anavadyataram [ches.] kha. na. ma. tho. ba. med
pa. lta. buho.} [Tib. 101b. 1]
śrutamayāñcintāmayaṃ{2 Tib. mi. mthun. pahi. phyogs. seb(?) ba. ni.} ||
tatra vastuta: | yathāpīhaikatyo buddhe vā dharme vā saṅghe vānyatamānyatamasminvā 
gurusthānīye vastuni gurukavastukamevāpakāraṃ vopakāraṃ vā prayuṅkte ||
[2] tatra vipakṣaikāntata: | yathāpīhaikatya ekāṃśenaivākuśalaṃ karma samādāya
vartate yāvajjīvaṃ | no tvekadā kuśalaṃ || tatra vipakṣopa [3] ghātata:{3 In the Xylograph read sbyon for spyod.} | yathā-
pīhaikatyo’kuśalaṃ karma vipakṣabhūtaṃ prahāya kuśalaṃ karma viśodhayati ||
[karmaṇāṃ viparyāsa:]
karmaṇāṃ{4 Tib. las. rnams. kyi ; MS karmano.} viparyāsa: katama: | sa trividho draṣṭavya: | kriyāviparyāso 
{5 Tib. here first grahaviparyasah then kriya^}grāhaviparyāso [4]rativiparyāsaśca ||
tatra kriyāviparyāsa: | yathāpīhaikatyo’nyasya prāṇino vadhāya ceta-
yate | anyaṃ ghātayati | tatra cāsti prāṇātipāto no tu prāṇāti-
pātikamavadyam{6 MS wrongly anavadyam. Tib. follows the Skt. text reading :
de. la. srog. gcod. pa. ni. yod. la/srog. gcod. pahi. kha. na. ma. tho
ba. ni. med. do.}[5] api tu prāṇātipātajātīyaṃ{7 Omitted in Tib. but see below.} prāṇātipātasadṛśamanu-
sabhāgamavadyaṃ [pra]savati | no cedanyaṃ prāṇinaṃ ghātayati apitvaprāṇibhūte{8 Tib. pranisadrse (srog. chags. lta. bahi.) for apranibhute.}
vastuni prahṛtya prāṇī me{9 That me is used here in the sense of maya is clear from Tib.
reading bdag. gis.} ghātita iti manyate | [51 kha] tatra [6] nāsti
prāṇātipāto nāsti prāṇātipātikamavadyamapitu prāṇātipātajātīyaṃ{10 In the Xylograph read lta. bu. for la. bu.} prāṇā-
tipātasadṛśamanusabhāgamavadyaṃ prasavati{11 In the Xylograph read bskyed. par. for skied. bar.} ||
@189
[7] yathā prāṇātipāta evamadattādānādiṣu karmapatheṣu kriyāviparyāso yathā-
yogaṃ veditavya: ||
tatra grāhaviparyāsa: | yathāpīhaikatya evaṃdṛṣṭirevaṃvādī bhavati | nāsti dattaṃ
nāstīṣṭamiti vistareṇa mithyādṛṣṭirvaktavyā | tasyaivaṃ [Tib. 102a. 1] bhavati |
nāsti ghnato vā ghātayato{1 Tib. gsod. du. hjug. pa. dan ; MS. ghamyatah.} vā adattamādadānasya kāmeṣu mithyācarato mṛṣā{2 MS mrsam}vācaṃ
bhāṣamāṇasya paiśunyamācarata: paruṣāṃ vācaṃ bhāṣamāṇasya [2]saṃbhinnaṃ pralapato
dānāni vāpunardadata upavāsamupavasata: puṇyāni kurvata: śīlaṃ samādāya 
vartamānasya{3 Tib. unnecessarily has here med. de.} nāstyato nidānaṃ pāpaṃ vā puṇyaṃ veti | [3] yathāpīhaikatya evaṃ-
dṛṣṭirevaṃvādī | brāhmaṇadviṣo brahmadviṣo devadviṣo hantavyā: | hatvā ca 
punastatonidānaṃ puṇyameva bhavati na pāpaṃ | teṣu cādattā[4]dānaṃ kāmamithyā-
cāro mṛṣāvāda: paiśunyaṃ pāruṣyaṃ saṃbhinnapralāpa: puṇyāyaiva bhavati nāpuṇyāya ||
tatra rativiparyāsa: | [5]yathāpīhaikatyo’kuśalān karmapathān {4 Tib. lit. akusalam dharmam (me. dge. bahi. chos.) for aku-
salan karma-pathan.}samādāya
vartamāno’tyantaṃ ramate | taiśca krīḍādharmamāpadyate{5 For apadyate generally hdzin. pa. In Tib. it has lit. acarati (spyod. pa.)} ||
karmaṇāṃ paryāya: katama: | asti karma kṛtamastyakṛtaṃ | astyupacitam[6]
astyanupacitaṃ | asti sāñcetanīyamastyasāñcetanīyaṃ | evaṃ niyatavipāka-
maniyatavipākaṃ | vipakvavipākamavipakvavipākaṃ |{6 Tib. rnam. par. smin. pa. rnam. par. smin. zin. pa. dan. rnam.
par. smin. pa. rnam. par. ma. smin. [zin ?] pa. dan. So below. See
Tib. 93a. 3. For vipakva and avipakva MS vipaksa and avipaksa.} kuśala[7]makuśala-
mavyākṛtaṃ | saṃvarasaṃgṛhītamasaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ | naiva saṃvaranāsaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ | dānamayaṃ 
śīlamayaṃ bhāvanā [Tib. 102b. 1] mayaṃ | puṇyamapuṇyamāniñjyaṃ | sukha-
vedanīyaṃ du:khavedanīyamadu:khāsukhāvedanīyaṃ{7 Tib. sdug. snal. yan. ma. yin. bde. ba. han. ma. yin. pa. 
myon. bar. hgyur. ba. dan. MS duhkhasukhavedaniyam.} dṛṣṭadharmavedanīya[2]mupapadyavedanīyaṃ 
@190
paraparyāya{1 For paryaya generally rnam, grans in Tib. but it has here lan.
(?)grans.}vedanīyaṃ | atītamanāgataṃ pratyutpannaṃ | kāmapratisaṃyuktaṃ rūpa-
pratisaṃyuktamārūpyapratisaṃyuktaṃ | [3] śaikṣamaśaikṣaṃ | naiva śaikṣaṃ nāśaikṣaṃ | darśana-
prahātavyaṃ bhāvanāprahātavyamaprahātavyaṃ | kṛṣṇaṃ kṛṣṇavipākaṃ | śuklaṃ śuklavipākaṃ |
kṛṣṇaśuklaṃ kṛṣṇaśuklavipākaṃ [4] | akṛṣṇamaśuklavipākaṃ | karma{2 Tib. tat (de).} karmakṣayāya{3 Tib. zad, MS ksepaya.}
saṃvartate | vaṅka{4 Tib. yon. po. The word is a Prakritic form of Skt vakra
`crooked, not straight’.}karma doṣakarma kaṣāyakarma śucikarma[5] munikarma ceti ||
kṛtaṃ karma katamat | yaccetitaṃ{5 Tib. adds here va (bsams. pa, ham). So after yad acetitam.} cetayitvā puna: kāyena vācā samu-
tthāpitaṃ | akṛtaṃ karma yadacetitamacetayitvā punarna kāyena na vācā samu-
[6]tthāpitaṃ ||
upacitaṃ{6 See A. K. IV. 120.} karma katamat | {7 Omitted in Tib. Tib. ma. ses. par ; MS ajnata.} daśavidhaṃ karma sthāpayitvā | tadyathā | svapna-
kṛtamajñāna{8 So the MS anatiksna. but it is not supported by Tib. reading
rgyun. chags. ma. yin. par. It is not clear to me. There is 
nothing here of tiksna or atiksna.} [7] kṛtaṃ bhrāntikṛtaṃ smṛti-
sampramoṣakṛtamanicchākṛtaṃ prakṛtyavyākṛtaṃ{9 Tib. ran, bzin. gyis (Xylograph byis) lun. du. ma. bstan. pa.
dan. MS prakrtyavyakrtam.} vipratisāropahataṃ pratipakṣopahataṃ ca |
ityetaddaśavidhaṃ karma sthāpayitvā yadanyatkarma ||
[Tib. 103a. 1] anupacitaṃ karma daśavidhaṃ yathānirdiṣṭameva ||
saṃcetanīyaṃ karma yatsaṃcintya kṛtamupacitaṃ vā ||
[2]asaṃcetanīyaṃ karma yadasaṃcintya kṛtaṃ ||
niyatavedanīyaṃ karma yatsaṃcintya kṛtamupacitaṃ ca ||
aniyatavedanīyaṃ karma yatsaṃcinyakṛtaṃ nopacitaṃ ||
@191
vipakva [3] vipākaṃ{1 For vipakva (Tib. rnam. par. smin. pa.). MS vipaksa as before.} karma yaddattaphalaṃ ||
avipakvavipākaṃ{2 Tib. rnam. par. smin. pa. rnam. par. ma. smin. pahi. MS
avipaksam avipakam.} karma yadadattaphalaṃ ||
kuśalaṃ karma yadalobhādveṣāmohanidānaṃ ||
[4] akuśalaṃ karma yallobhadveṣamohanidānaṃ ||
avyākṛtaṃ karma yannaiva lobhadveṣamohanidānaṃ [5] nālobhādveṣāmohanidānaṃ ||
saṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ karma yatprāti [52 ka]mokṣasaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ vā dhyānasamāpatti-
prahāṇasaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ vānāsrava [6] saṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ vā ||
asaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ karma yaddvādaśasvāsaṃvarikanikāyeṣu |{3 The Tib. text here and below is ris for rigs.} dvādaśāsaṃvarika-
nikāyā: | tadyathā | aurabhrikā: kaukku ṭikā: [7] saukarikā: śvaśākuntikā:{4 So the MS.}
śaśavāgurikāścaurā vadhyaghātā bandhanapālakā: sūcakā: karaṇākārāpakā
nāgabandhakā nāgamaṇḍalikāśca ||
[Tib. 103b. 1] naivasaṃvaranāsaṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ karma | trividhaṃ ca saṃvaraṃ 
sthāpayitvā āsaṃvarikanaikāyikaṃ ca karma sthāpayitvā tadanyanaikāyikaṃ 
yatkuśalākuśalāvyākṛtaṃ karma [2] dānamayaṃ nidānata: samutthānata: 
svabhāvato’dhiṣṭhānataśca veditavyaṃ | tatra nidānato’lobhādveṣāmohanidānaṃ |
samutthānata: deya{5 Tib. sbyin, par. bya. bahi : MS svadeya.}vastu [3] parityāgāya kāyavākkarmasamutthāpikā cetanā alobhā-
dveṣāmohasahagatā | svabhāvato yatsamutthāpitaṃ deyavastuparityāge [4] kāyavā-
kkarma | tatrādhiṣṭhānato deyaṃ vastu pratigrāhakaścādhiṣṭhānaṃ | yathā dānamayamevaṃ 
śīlamayaṃ bhāvanāmayaṃ yathāyogaṃ [5] veditavyaṃ ||
tatra śīlamayasya nidānaṃ samutthānaṃ ca tulyaṃ | svabhāva: saṃvarasaṃgṛhītaṃ 
kāyakarma vākkarma | adhiṣṭhānaṃ sattvāsattvasaṃkhyātaṃ vastu | bhāvanāmayasya[6]
nidānaṃ samādhinidānamalobhādveṣāmoha{6 According to Tib. the sentence ends here and the reading
should be as it is given above. MS ^dvesamohasamutthanam.}samutthānaṃ | tatsahagata: samādhi:{7 Tib. kun. nas. slon. ba. de. dan. ldan. pahi. tin. ne hdzin.
MS tatsahagata manodhi (?).} 
@192
{1 In Tib. only vipaka (rnam. par. smin.)}nirhārikā cetanā svabhāva: samādhiradhiṣṭhānaṃ daśasu dikṣu [7] adu:khā-
sukhika: sattvadhātu: | dānapatiliṅgāni śīlavalliṅgāni bhāvakaliṅgāni
pūrvavatsarvaṃ veditavyaṃ ||
puṇyaṃ karma yatsugati[Tib. 104a. 1] vaipākyaṃ{2 Tib. omits punyam.} pañcagativedanīyaṃ ca 
kuśalaṃ | apuṇyaṃ karma yadapāyavaipākyaṃ pañcagativedanīyaṃ cākuśalaṃ | āniñjyaṃ 
karma yadrūpārūpya [2] vaipākyaṃ rūpyārūpyavedanīyaṃ ca kuśalaṃ ca karma | sukhavedanīyaṃ 
karma yatpuṇyaṃ{3 Tib. lit. dhyana (bsam. gtan.) adding trayam (gsum) before
vedaniyam.}nidhyānavedanīyaṃ {4 In the Xylograph read yan. chad. for pan. chad.} cāniñjyaṃ | du:khavedanīyaṃ [3] karma yadapuṇyaṃ |
adu:khāsukhavedanīyaṃ karma yatsarvatrālayavijñānavaipākyaṃ karma | caturthācca dhyānā-
dūrdhvaṃ[4]māniñjyaṃ | dṛṣṭadharmavedanīyaṃ karma yaddṛṣṭadharmaphalaṃ | upapadyavedanīyaṃ karma
yadanantarajanmaphalaṃ | aparaparyāyavedanīyaṃ karma yattadūrdhva{5 Tib. reads anagatam karma yad anirvrttam anabhisiddham
(ma, hons. pahi. las. ni. ma, skyes. sin./mnon. par. ma. grub.
pa. gan. yid. paho.}janma [5] phalaṃ |
atītaṃ karma yadvāsanāvasthaṃ dattaphalamadattaphalaṃ vā | anāgataṃ karma yadanirvṛttaṃ{6 Tib. mnon. par. bsags. la. ; MS abhisamcetitam.}
vartamānaṃ [6] karma yadabhisaṃskṛtamabhisañcita{7 Tib. hjig. rten. pa. dan. MS laukika lokottara.}manuparataṃ | kāmapratisaṃyuktaṃ 
karma yatkāmadhātuvaipākyaṃ kāmadhātuparyāpannaṃ | rūpapratisaṃyuktaṃ karma rūpa [7]
dhātuvaipākyaṃ rūpadhātuparyāpannaṃ | ārūpyapratisaṃyuktaṃ yadārūpyadhātuvaipākyamārūpya-
dhātuparyāpannaṃ | śaikṣaṃ karma [Tib. 104b. 1] pṛthagjanāpṛthagjanaśaikṣasantānikaṃ 
kuśalaṃ | aśaikṣaṃ karma yadaśaikṣasantānikaṃ kuśalaṃ | naiva śaikṣanāśaikṣaṃ 
karma tadubhayaṃ [52 kha] sthāpayitvā [2] tadanyasantānikaṃ yat kuśalā-
kuśalāvyākṛtaṃ | darśanaprahātavyaṃ karma yadapāyapratisaṃvedanīyamakuśalaṃ | bhāvanā [3]
prahātavyaṃ karma yatsugatipratisaṃvedanīyaṃ kuśalākuśalāvyākṛtaṃ | aprahātavyaṃ 
@193
karma yallaukikaṃ{1 Tib. hjig. rten. pa dan. MS laukikalokottara.} lokottaramanāsravaṃ | kṛṣṇaṃ [4] kṛṣṇavipākaṃ karma yadapuṇyaṃ |
śuklaṃ{2 In the Xylograph read dkar. bahi for dgar. bahi.} śuklavipākaṃ karma yadāniñjyaṃ | kṛṣṇaśuklaṃ kṛṣṇaśuklavipākaṃ karma
yatpuṇyamakuśalamapratidvandvatayā | [5] tathāhyaprahīṇe’puṇye{3 Tib. bsod, nams. ma. yin. pa. ma. spans. la. MS apunyapu-
nyakarma.} puṇyakarmavyavasthānaṃ 
kriyate | akṛṣṇamaśuklamavipākaṃ karma karmakṣayāya saṃvartate | [6] yallokrottara-
manāsravaṃ karma trayāṇāmapi karmaṇāṃ prahāṇāya pratipakṣatvād vaṅkakṛrma yadito 
bāhyānāṃ tīrthyānāṃ kuśalākuśalaṃ | doṣakarma [7] yattā{4 Tib. does not support tavat.}vadvaṃkakarma | doṣa-
karmāpi tat | api ca | doṣakarma yadiha dhārmikāṇāṃ{5 For dharmikanam here and below. in Tib. we have simply
chos. and not chos. dan ldan as is expected.} pṛthagjanānāṃ śāsane
viparītadarśināṃ svayaṃ{6 The Xylograph is illegible.} dṛṣṭiparāmarśasthāyināṃ mithyāniścitānāṃ yatkuśalā
kuśalaṃ [Tib. 105a. 1] karma | kaṣāyakarma yattāvadvaṅkakarma doṣakarma kaṣāya-
karmāpi tat | {7 Tib. would literally read kasayakarma vankakarma yad 
dosakarma tad eva kasayakarmapi tad eva.} api khalu kaṣāyakarma yadiha dhārmikāṇāṃ pṛthagjanānāṃ śāsane’-
niścitānāṃ [2] sandigdhabuddhīnāṃ yatkuśalākuśalaṃ karma{8 Here Tib. has aparah paryayah^ veditavyam, but the Skt. text
reads it below after sucikarma and munikarma.} | [3] śucikarma
yadiha dhārmikāṇāṃ pṛthagjanānāṃ śāsane samyaṅniścitānāmasandigdhabuddhīnāṃ 
kuśalaṃ karma | [4] munikarma yadiha dhārmikāṇāmapṛthagjanānāmāryāṇāṃ śaikṣāśaikṣaṃ 
kuśalaṃ karma |{9 Tib. dharma (chos) for karma.}
[5] apara: paryāya: bāhyakānāmeva tīrthyānāṃ trīṇyapi | tatra mithyāprati-
pattyarthena vaṅkaṃ | tadāśritaguṇābhi [6] nirhārapratibandhanārthena doṣa:{10 MS dosam} |
tathaiva{11 Tib. de. bzin. du. : MS tathata eva.} vipratibandhanārthena kaṣāyo{12 MS kasayam, and accordingly veditavyam for veditavyah.} veditavya: |
@194
[ādīnava:]
[7] karmaṇāmādīnava: katama: | samāsata: saptākāra ādīnavo veditavya: |
yathāpi prāṇātipātika: prāṇātipātādhikaraṇahetorātmavyābādhāya cetayate 
paravyābādhāyobhayavyābādhāya dṛṣṭadhārmikamavadyaṃ prasavati sāmparāyikaṃ |
dṛṣṭadharmasāmparāyikaṃ{1 Tib. adds avadyam prasavati(kha. nam. tho. ba. bskyed. pa.
dan.) after samparayikam and drstadharmasamparayikam.} tajjaṃ caitasikadu:khadaurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayate | kathamātma-
vyābādhāya cetayate | prāṇivyābādhāya prayuktastato nidānaṃ vadhaṃ bandhanaṃ vā 
jyāniṃ vā garhaṇāṃ vā prāpnoti | no tu śaknoti paraṃ vyābādhituṃ{2 MS vyavadhayitum.} | kathaṃ
paravyābādhāya | tathaiva prayukta: paraṃ vyābādhate | no tu tatonidānaṃ vadhaṃ vā 
[Tib. 105b. 1] yāvadgarhaṇāṃ vā nigacchati | kathamubhayavyābādhāya | yattathaiva 
prayukta: paraṃ ca vyābādhate tannidānaṃ ca parato vadhaṃ vā yāvadgarhaṇāṃ vā nigacchati | 
kathaṃ dṛṣṭadharmadharmikamavadyaṃ prasavati | yathātmavyābādhāya cetayate | [2] kathaṃ 
sāmparāyikamavadyaṃ prasavati | yathā paravyābādhāya cetayate | kathaṃ tajjaṃ caitasika-
[3] du:khadaurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayate [53 ka] prāṇivyābādhāya prayuṅkte | sacetṣaḍā-
kāramādīnavaṃ na nigacchati | na cāsya prāṇātipāta: sampadyate yathepsita: sa: |{3 Not supported in Tib.}
icchāmūla (?){4 Tib. hdod. pas. dnos. pahi. gzi. las, ; for icchamula which is 
only guessed MS iccha vima(?)ta.} nidānaṃ [4] tajjaṃ caitasikaṃ du:khadaurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayate ||
api khalu daśādīnavā dau:śīlye yathāsūtramevaṃ vistareṇa veditavyā: | [5]
caturṇāṃ punarakuśalānāṃ karmapathānāṃ surāmaireyasya pañcamasyopāsakaśikṣāsambandhe-
nādīnavā uktā bhagavatā{5 Before this word Tib. adds bcos. pahi. chan. gi. skabs. su. ;
but it is not clear.} te’pi vistareṇa veditavyā: | tadyathā nandikasūtre |{6 The following passage is quoted from Nandikasutra (Dgah.
byed. kyi. mdo.) in AK, iv. 85: suramaireyamadyapramada-
sthanenasevitena bhavitena bahulikrtena kayasya bhedan narake-
supapadyate. Cf DN, iii. 182.} |
@195
[janmasaṃkleśa:]
[6] janmasaṃkleśa: katama: | sa caturvidhairākārairdraṣṭavya: | prabhedato’pi
vyasanato{1 Tib. lit. duhkhato’pi (sdug. bsnal. ba. dan). For vyasana in 
Tib. we have generally zugs. pa. or zen. pa, or phons. pa, or
non. mo ns. pa.}’pyaniyamato’pi pravṛttito’pi ||
[prabhedā:]
tatra janmana: prabheda:{2 MS. plural number.} dhātuprabhedato’pi gatiprabhedato’pi [7] sthānāntara-
prabhedato’pyabhijātiprabhedato’pyātmabhāvalokaprabhedato’pi veditavya: ||
tatra dhātuprabhedata: | kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaramārūpyāvacaraṃ janma ||
gatiprabhedata: [Tib. 106a. 1] pañcasu gatiṣu{3 MN i. 73 ; AK, III. 4. The five gatis or states of exis-
tence into which a being may be reborn on death are naraka,
tiryagyoni. preta. manusya, and deva. Sometimes there are 
six with the addition of asura. For details see AK, iii. 11ff.} pañcavidhaṃ janma ||
sthānāntaraprabhedata: kāmadhātau ṣaṭtriṃśatsu sthānā{4 In Tib. sthana (gnas.) is omitted.}ntareṣu | rūpadhātāva-
ṣṭādaśasu | ārūpyadhātau caturṣu sthānāntareṣu janma | [2] tadabhisamasyāṣṭa-
pañcāśajjanmāni bhavanti ||
abhijātiprabhedata: kāmadhātau manuṣyeṣu kṛṣṇā{5 The Tib. word could not be ascertained.}bhijātikaṃ janma | yathā-
pīhaikatyaścaṇḍālakuleṣu vā pukkasa{6 Elsewhere pukkasa, the earlier word being pulkasa, some- 
times pulkasa.}kuleṣu vā rathakārakuleṣu vā veṇu[3]kārakuleṣu
vā iti{7  Not supported by Tib. This is also below after grhapati
kulesu.}yāni vā punaranyāni nīcāni adhamāni{8 Tib. dmah. ba. rnams, `low’. `mean’ ; MS dhyamani (?).} kṛcchrāṇi kṛcchravṛttīni 
parīttāni parīttānnapānabhojanāni ityevaṃrūpeṣu{9 Tib. de. lta. bu. dag. gi. See below. MS gives a doubtful
reading.} kuleṣvabhijāto bhavati | [4]
ta eva manuṣyadurbhagā ityucyante ||
@196
śuklā{1 For sukla Tib. lit. dkar (or dkar. po. dkar. ba) has here the 
fig. sense btsun. pa. `noble’.}bhijātikaṃ janma | yathāpīhaikatya: kṣatriyamahāśālakuleṣu brāhmaṇa-
mahāśālakuleṣu vā gṛhapatimahāśālakuleṣu vā{2 See note above.} iti [5] yāni vā puna-
ranyāni kulānyāḍhyāni mahādhanāni mahābhogāni prabhūtavittopakaraṇāni 
prabhūtakṣetra{3 Tib. zin. ; MS samtra (?).}svāpateyāni prabhūtadhanadhānyakośakoṣṭhāgārasannicayāni ityevaṃ- 
rūpeṣu kuleṣvabhijāto bhavati | [6] ta eva manuṣyasubhagā ityucyante ||
naivākṛṣṇāśuklābhijātikaṃ janma | yathāpīhaikatyastadubhayavivarjiteṣu madhyeṣu 
kuleṣvabhijāto bhavati | kāmāvacareṣu [7] vā trividhaṃ janma | āsuraṃ janma |
bhūmibhāgasaṃniśritaṃ janma | ākāśavimānasaṃniśritaṃ janma | rūpadhātau
trividhaṃ janma | pṛthagjanānāṃ sasaṃjñakaṃ janma | [Tib. 106b. 1] asaṃjñakaṃ 
janma | śuddhāvāsajanma ca | ārūṣyadhātau trividhaṃ janma | apramāṇasaṃjñiṣu
akiñcanasaṃjñiṣu naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñiṣu ca deveṣu janma ||
[2] tatrātmabhāvalokaprabhedata: | daśasu dikṣvaparimāṇeṣu lokadhātuṣyapari-
māṇānāṃ sattvānāmaparimāṇaṃ janma veditavyaṃ ||
[vyasanaṃ]
tatra{4 Tib. evam (de. ltar.)} vyasanata: | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā | yaccaturṣu mahā[3]samudreṣūdakamato bahutaraṃ yuṣmākaṃ 
dīrdhamadhvānaṃ saṃdhāvatāṃ saṃsaratāṃ rudhiraṃ prasyanditaṃ praghāritaṃ | tatkasya heto: | dīrgharātraṃ 
yūyaṃ hastināṃ sabhāgatāyāmupapannā aśrvānā[4] muṣṭrāṇāṃ gardabhānāmajāmahiṣavarāhakukurrāṇāṃ{5 It is to be noted that the word kurkura for kukkura `dog’
which is in fact a Prakritic one is a Vedic one (Atharva Veda.
VII. 100.2).}
sabhāgatāyāmupapannā: | tatra yuṣmābhirbahūnyaṅgapratyaṅgacchedanā{6 MS chedani for chedanani.}nyanubhūtāni yatra yuṣmākaṃ{7 In the Xylograph read khyed. kyi.} 
prabhūtaṃ{8 Tib. man. ba ; MS prakrtam} rudhiraṃ prasyanditaṃ praghāritaṃ | [5] yathā hastyādīnāṃ sabhāgatāyāmevaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ |
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tatra yuṣmābhi: [53 kha] prabhūtāni mātṛvyasanāni pitṛvyasanāni{1 Tib. first pitr^ and then matr^.} bhrātṛvyasanāni bhaginī[6]-
vyasanāni jñātikṣayo dhanakṣayo bhogakṣayaścānubhūta: | tatra yuṣmākaṃ prabhūtamaśru prasyanditaṃ 
praghāritaṃ | tadyathā rudhira{2 MS repeats yatha rudhiram.}maśru ca evaṃ mātu:stanyapānaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | [7] ityevaṃbhāgīyo
janmano vmasanapramedo veditavya: ||
[aniyama:]
tatrāniyamata: | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā tadyathā yadasyā {3 Here in the Xylograph a few words are very illegible.}pṛthivyāṃ{4 Tib. adds upari (sten. na).} tṛṇakāṣṭha-
śākhāpatra...{5 MS seems to read sadamta (?).The Xylograph is also
very illegible.} [Tib. 107a. 1] taścaturaṅgulamātrā: kaṭhikā:{6 It appears to be a new word. After about two lines it is used 
once more. The Tib. word for it is dum. bu. meaning sakala,
khanda `a small piece’. and so the meaning of the word kathika is
here quite clear, it means here small pieces of wood, etc. So far as 
I can think the word kathika seems to have been wrongly transcribed 
by the scribe. As Tib. shows undoubtedly it is connected with a 
Neo-Indo-Aryan word kathika from kasthika used in such later 
Sanskrit works as the pancatantra, and katha-saritsagara, In 
our provincial languages, such words as tekathi `a thing made of 
three pieces of wood’ is well-known. The institution referred to 
in the text is peculiar and should be investigated.} kṛtvā mātāpitṛ-
paramparāyāmu[pasthāpa]ye{7 MS paramparayamuyed (?). The scribe suggests^ yamu(tpada)
yet. For the verb, `uyed in the MS we have bkod `to arrange’ in
Tib. and generally in Skt the root rac and ni-as are found for it.}riyaṃ me mātā | tasyā api me māturiyaṃ mātā | ayaṃ me pitā |
tasyāpi me piturayaṃ piteti{8  In Tib. we have first father then mother. See also below just
in the following sentence. See above.} [2] kṣiprataraṃ khalu tāścaturaṅgulamātrā: kaṭhikā anenopa-
krameṇa parikṣayaṃ paryādāna{9 Tib omits it (yons. su. gtugs. pa or hphyos. pa.).}gaccheyu: | natvevāhaṃ mātṝṇāṃ mātṛparyantatāṃ vadāmi | pitṝṇāṃ 
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ca pitṛparyantatāṃ | yaccoktaṃ yaṃ yūyaṃ sattvaṃ paśyata du:khitaṃ [3] parameṇa du:khadaurmanasyena 
samanvāgataṃ yūyaṃ tatrāvagacchatha asmābhirapyevaṃrūpāṇi du:khānyanubhūtāni | yathā 
du:khānyevaṃ sukhāni | {1 Tib. adds here : snam. du. bthah (?) ses. par. gyis. sig, ces.
gsuns. pa. dan, but it is not quite clear to me.} [4] yathoktaṃ nāhaṃ taṃ pṛthivīpradeśaṃ sulabharūpaṃ paśyāmi yatra
yūyaṃ dīrghasyādhvano’tyayānna jātagatamṛtapūrvā: | nāhaṃ taṃ sattvaṃ sulabharūpaṃ paśyāmi yo yuṣmākaṃ
dogha syādhvano’tyayānna mātā vābhūt pitā vā bhrātā vā bhaginī vācāryo [5] vopādhyāyo
[vā]{2 Tib. ham.} gururvā gurusthānīyo veti | yathācoktaṃ | ekapudgalasyaikena kalpena bhavedasthnāma-
sthirāśi: | tadyathā vipulapārśva: parvata: sa cetsaṃhato{3 Tib. sdud. pa ; MS samharako.} bhavet | saṃhatāni na vinaśyeyurnaca 
[6] pūtībhaveyu: |
[pravṛtti:]
tatra janmana: pravṛtti: katamā | yathātmabhāvānāṃ pratītyasamutpādo bhavati
saiṣāṃ{4 Tib. de. dag. gi ; MS esa.} pravṛttirityucyate |
[pratītyasamutpāda:]
pratītyasamutpāda: katama: | [7] uddānaṃ |
śarīramukhamarthaśca vibhaṅgakramamacodanā |
nirukti: pratyayatvaṃ ca pratyayatvaprabhedata: |,
sūtrāntasaṃgrahaśceti vicitra: paścimo bhavet ||
śarīraṃ katamat | samāsatastribhirākārai: pratītyasamutpādasya [Tib. 107b, 1] vyavasthānaṃ bhavati | yathā pūrvāntānmadhyānte sambhavati | yathā ca madhyāntā-
daparānte sambhavati | yathā ca madhyānte sambhūto vartate vyavadānāya ca paraiti ||
kathaṃ pūrvāntānmadhyānte sambhavati [2] sambhūtaśca madhyānte vartate | yathā-
pīhaikatyena pūrvamaviduṣāvidyāgatenāvidyāpratyayaṃ puṇyāpuṇyāniñjyaṃ{5 There are two forms of this word anejya and aninjya either
from ej `to tremble’ of ing `to move’ as in the Abhidharmakosa-
vyakhya. Both karman and dhyana are aninjya. See AK, iv.
107 : vi,. 177 ; viii. 161 ; MV, 334-335.} kāyavāṅ-
mana:karma kṛtaṃ [3] bhavatyupacitaṃ | tatkarmopabhogaṃ cāsya [54 ka] vijñānamāmaraṇa-
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samayādanuvṛttaṃ {1 Tib. amarana for amarana reading nam. ma. sihi. dus kyis.
bar. du. rjes. su. hjug. par. hgyur. ro. MS avarana'.}bhavati pratisandhivijñānahetubhūtaṃ | adhyātmabahirdha tṛṣṇā
cāsya vijñānasya [4] phalābhinirvṛttikāle sahāyabhāvena pratyupasthitā bhavati |
sa kālaṃ kṛtvā pūrvāntādvartamāne’dhvanyātmabhāvamabhinirvartayatyanupūrveṇa mātu:-
kukṣau hetuvijñānaṃ pratisandhiphalavijñānaṃ yāvadeva [5] kalalatvā{2 For kalala- Tib. arbuda- (mer. mer. po).}dibhiravasthā-
viśeṣairuttarottaraistasya garbhagatasya nāmarūpasya yāvajjīrṇatvāya | sa[mananta]ra{3 Before pratisandhi MS appears to read saha. Tib. has ma.
thag. tu. skyes. suggesting lit. samanantarajata.}
pratisandhibandhācca tasya vijñānasya yattadutpattisaṃvartanīyaṃ [6] karma taddattaphalaṃ 
bhavati vipākata: |{4 After tad Tib. adds api (yan).} tadvipākavijñānaṃ tadeva nāmarūpaṃ pratiṣṭhāya vartate | taśca 
ṣaṭṣvāśrayeṣu pratiṣṭhitaṃ vartate | yenocyate nāmarūpapratyayaṃ [7] vijñānamiti | sahabhūtaṃ 
cendriyarūpaṃ samanantaraviruddhaṃ ca nāma ṣaṇṇāṃ vijñānānāṃ yathāyogamāśrayo
yadāśritya yāvajjīvaṃ vijñānasya pravṛttirbhavati | pañcānāṃ rūpiṇāmindriyāṇāṃ 
[Tib. 108a. 1] indriyamahābhūtāni | indriyādhiṣṭhānaṃ ca mahābhūtajanitaṃ 
rūpaṃ | yacca nāma yenopādattānīndriyāṇi santānapatitaṃ pravāheṇa{5 Tib. rgyun. gyis ; MS prabhagena.} pravartate |
tadubhayamabhisamasyāśrayo [2] bhavatyanupravṛttaye |{6 In MS anupravrittaye is omitted.} evaṃ hi vijñānapratyayaṃ 
nāmarūpaṃ nāmarūpapratyayaṃ ca vijñānaṃ | vartamāne’dhvani{7 MS nanu reads kalapika yoga vartate. It is not clear, nor is 
so the Tib. text which reads mdun. khyim. gyi. tshul. du.} yoge (?) vartate yāva-
dāyu: | evaṃ [3] hi pūrvāntān{8 Tib. snon. gyi. mthah. nas ; MS purvan madhya}madhyānte saṃskārāṇāṃ pratītyasamutpādasambhavo 
bhavati | sambhūtānāṃ ca madhyānte pravṛtti: ||
tatra jarāyujāyāṃ{9 Tib. mnal. nas. skye. bahi ; MS jarajva jayam.} yaunāvayaṃ pravṛttikrama: | aṇḍajasaṃsvedajāyāṃ{10 Acc. to Tib. lit. andajayam samsvedajayam ca (sgo. na. las.
skye. ba. dan/drod. gser. las. skye. ba.} [4] mātu:
kukṣivarjitamanyadveditavyaṃ | rūpiṣu sattveṣu kāmāvacareṣu rūpāvacareṣu aupa-
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pādukāyāṃ yonau pūrṇendriya: prādurbhavatītyayaṃ viśeṣa: | ārūpyeṣu [5] punarnāmā-
śritaṃ rūpaṃ jīvāśritaṃ ca vijñānaṃ vijñānāśritaṃ nāmarūpabījaṃ ca pravartate | yata: 
punarbījātsamucchinnasyāpi rūpasyāyatyāṃ prādurbhāvo bhavatyaya [6] matrāpi viśeṣa: |
puṇyena ca karmaṇā kāmāvacareṣu devamanuṣyeṣūtpadyate | apuṇyenāpāyeṣu | āniñjyena 
rūpārūpyeṣu ||
[7] kathaṃ madhyāntādaparānte saṃskārāṇāṃ pratītyasamutpādasambhavo bhavati
kathaṃ cāsambhava: | asambhavācca vyavadānaṃ | sa tathā madhyānte sambhūta: pudgalo
[Tib. 108b. 1] dvividhaṃ pūrvakarmaphalaṃ pratyanubhavati | ādhyātmikaṃ ca vipāka-
phalaṃ viṣamanirjātaṃ ca vedita{1 The reading veditam could not be ascertained from Tib. as
it is very illegible here.}madhipatiphalaṃ | so’saddharmaśravaṇaṃ vāgamya
pūrvābhyāsaṃ vā dvividhe’pi phale{2 MS phalam ; Tib. hbras. bu. la.} saṃmūḍho bhavati | [2] so’dhyātmaṃ vipākaphale
saṃmūḍha: punarbhāvābhinirvṛttiṃ du:khato yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti | sa pūrvāntikīṃ 
cāparāntikīṃ cāvidyāmadhipatiṃ kṛtvā pūrvavat [3] saṃskārān karotyupa-
cinoti | tasya tadvijñānamabhinavaṃ karma kurvatastatkarmopagaṃ bhavati dṛṣṭa eva 
dharma | evamavidyāpratyayā utpadyante saṃskārapratyayaṃ ca vijñānaṃ | [4] tacca 
vijñānaṃ dṛṣṭe dharma hetubhūtamāyatyā [54 ka] mabhinirvṛttivijñānaphalaparigrahāt | sarvaṃ
ca vijñānamadhikṛtya ṣaḍvijñānakāyā ityucyante | [5] tacca vijñānamāyatyāṃ{3 Tib. phyi. ma. la. It means ayatyam and shows no compound 
here. The compound if made will be the 7th case Tatpurusa. The 
case is the same also below.}
paunarbhavikanāmarūpabījopagataṃ | tadapi nāmarūpabījamāyatipaunarbhavikaṣaḍāyatana-
bījopagataṃ | tacca ṣaḍāyatanabījamāyati[6]paunarbhavikasparśabījopagataṃ |
tacca sparśabījamāyatipaunarbhavikavedita{4 Tib. tshor. ba. is vedita, vedana.}bījopagataṃ | ayaṃ tāvat punarbhavasya 
madhyānte ākṣepako heturveditavyo yena vi[7]jñānādyo veditaparyavasāna: kṛtsna
evātmabhāva ākṣipto bhavati ||
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sa pūrvakeṇa{1 Tib. gcig. sos. kyis. Sometimes it is translated by itarena as in CS. 186.} vipākaphala{2 Tib. sna. mas.}sammohenaiva punarbhavamākṣipya dvitīyena{3 Tib. rnam. par. smin. pahi. hbras. bu. la, rmons. pa,; MS 
phalam sammohena.} viṣaya-
nirjātaphalasammohena viṣayavedanā [Tib. 109a. 1]lambanāṃ tṛṣṇāmutpādayati
yathā tṛṣṇayā kāmaparyeṣaṇāṃ vāpadyamāno bhavaparyeṣaṇāṃ vā kāmopādānaṃ
vopādadāti dṛṣṭiśīlavrato{4 In silavrata (Tib. tshul. khrims. dan. brtul. zugs),-vrata- is omitted in MS.} [2] pādānaṃ vā | upātte copādāne tṛṣṇo-
pādānasahitasaṅgata: pūrvaka ākṣepako heturbhava ityucyate | upapattya-
bhinirvṛttihetusaṃgṛhītasya ca bhavasyānantaraṃ kālaṃ kṛtavato yathākṣiptenākṣepa-
hetunā [3] vijñānādīnāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ veditaparyantānāṃ prādurbhāvo bhavatyanukramaśo
vā sakṛdvā | evaṃ dṛṣṭe dharme avidyāsaṃsparśajā veditapratyayā tṛṣṇā | tṛṣṇā-
pratyaya [4] mupādānaṃ | upādānapratyayo bhava: | bhavapratyayā jāti: | jāti-
pratyayāśca jarāvyādhimaraṇādayo du:khaviśeṣā: saṃmukhībhavanti{5 This word is omitted in MS.} | kvacidupa-
pattyāyatane{6 Tib. skye.bahi. gnas. kha. cig. tu. Generally ayatana is
translated by skye. mched. After this Tib. adds purvam (snon. du).} kvacidvījānuṣaṅgato [5] veditavya: | evaṃ madhyānte avidyā-
pratyayān saṃskārān{7 MS ^ya samskara.} vedanāpratyayāṃ ca tṛṣṇāṃ pratītyāparānte saṃskārāṇāṃ
samudayo bhavati | sacetpuna: parato ghoṣaṃ{8 Tib. sgra.} pūrvasaṃskāraṃ vā dṛṣṭe dharme āgamya
[6] yoniśo [dvi] {9 Tib. rnam. pa. gnis. la.}vidhānphalabhūtānsaṃskārānmanasi karoti teṣāṃ ca hetuṃ
teṣāṃ ca nirodhaṃ teṣāṃ ca nirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ | yoniśo {10 Tib. tshul. bzin. yid. la. byed. na. MS pratipadamayoniso.}manaskārā-
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nvayācca {1 Tib. adds lit. tena manaskarahetuna (des. tshul. bzin. yid. la. byas. pahi. rgyus). Tib. does not support anvayat.}samyagdṛṣṭimutpādayati | viśuddhaṃ ca satyeṣu krameṇa śaikṣā [7] śaikṣaṃ
jñānadarśanaṃ pratilabhate | sa tena jñānadarśanenāśeṣāṃ tāṃ cāvidyāṃ prajahāti tāṃ ca
tṛṣṇāṃ | tasyāśca prahāṇādyattadālambanaṃ yathābhūtamaprajānato’vidyāsaṃsparśaṃ vedi-
tavyaṃ{2 Tib. here is illegible.} | [Tib. 109b. 1] tatprahīṇaṃ bhavati | tasya prahāṇādavidyāvirāgātprajñā-
vimukti: sākṣātkṛtā bhavati dṛṣṭa eva dharme | yā cāvidyāsaṃsparśajā vedita-
samprayukte citte [2] samprayuktā tṛṣṇā rāgaśca tasya tasmāccittādvisaṃyogād
rāgavirahā{3 MS adds drstadharma-}ccetovimukti: sākṣātkṛtā{4 Tib. rnam. par. ses. pa. dan. bcas.} bhavati | tasyāvidyānirodhādye te
tasyāmaprahīṇāyāmavidyāyāṃ saṃskāravijñānādayo vedanāparyantā [3] apa-
rāntamārabhya te notpadyante | anutpattidharmāṇaśca bhavanti | tasmādavidyā-
nirodhātsaṃskāranirodho’nupūrveṇa yāvadvipākasparśanirodhādvipākaja [4] vedanā-
nirodho bhavatītyucyate | dṛṣṭe dharme’vidyānirodhādavidyāsaṃsparśanirodha: |
avidyāsaṃsparśanirodhādavidyāsaṃsparśaja [5] veditanirodhāttṛṣṇā [59 ka] nirodha: |
tṛṣṇānirodhātpūrvavadanutpattidharmatayopādānādaya upāyāsaparyavasānā: saṃskārā
niruddhā ityucyante | evameṣāṃ dṛṣṭadharme [6] saṃskārāṇāmapravṛttirbhavati |
apravṛtteśca dṛṣṭe dharme sopadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau nirvāṇaprāptirbhavati | tasya
tasminsamaye vijñānapratyayaṃ ca nāmarūpaṃ nāmarūpapratyayaṃ ca [7] vijñānaṃ pariśiṣṭaṃ
bhavati pariśuddhaṃ paryavadānaṃ | tasya yāvatsavijñānaka: kāyo’vatiṣṭhate
tāvadvisaṃyukto vedanāṃ vedayati na saṃyukta: | sa cāsya [Tib. 110a. 1]
[sa] vijñānaka: kāyo yāvatpūrvakarmākṣiptamāyustāvadavatiṣṭhate | yadā cāsyāyuṣa:
kṣayādvijñānamupāttaṃ kāyaṃ vijahāti tasya jīvitendriyaṃ cordhvamasmājjīvite-
ndriyādaśeṣaṃ [2] paryādīyate nottaratra vipacyate | tacca vijñānaṃ saha sarvaveditai-
riha ca svasva{5 Tib. ran. gi. ran gis; MS svarasa.}nirodhādanyatra ca pūrvameva hetunirodhādapratisandhito’pariśeṣaṃ
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niruddhaṃ bhavati | [3] ayaṃ ca nirupadhiśeṣo nirvāṇadhāturatyantaśāntaṃ padaṃ
yasyārthe nirvāṇopagaṃ nirvāṇaparyavasānaṃ bhagavato’ntike uśanti{1 So the MS. Lit. it may mean icchanti from vas ‘to desire.’ Tib. bsten. pa, sevante. here in the sense of caranti.} brahmacaryaṃ ||
[4] tadidaṃ tribhirākārai: pratītyasamutpādasya vyavasthānaṃ vistareṇa pratyuktaṃ
bhavati | pūrvāntānmadhyānte pravṛttito madhyāntādaparānte pravṛttito madhyānte
ca pravṛttiviśuddhita: | [5] itīdaṃ pratītyasamutpādasya śarīraṃ ||
[mukhaṃ]
mukhaṃ katamat | aṣṭābhirmukhai: pratītyasamutpāda: pravartate | adhyātmaṃ
vijñānotpattimukhena | bahirdhā sasya{2 So the MS, Tib. reads lo. tog., meaning sasya ‘corn’.}niṣpatti{3 Tib. hgrub. pahi.}mukhena | sattva [6] loka-
cyutyutpattimukhena bhājanalokasaṃvartavivartamukhena āhāropastambha{4 Tib. bstan. pa. upastambha in the sense of anusarana. prati-sarana.}mukhena karma-
svakatāmadhipatiṃ kṛtvā iṣṭāniṣṭakarmatadanurūpa [7] phalopabhogamukhena prabhāva-
mukhena vyavadānamukhena ca |
[artha:]
pratītyasamutpādārtha: katama: | ni:sattvārtha: pratītyasamutpādārtha: | sati
ni:sattve’nityārtha: | satyanityattve [Tib. 110b. 1] itvarapratyupasthāpanārtha: |
satītvarapratyupasthāne paratantrārtha: | sati paratantre nirīhārtha: | sati nirīhārthe
hetuphalaprabandhānupacchedārtha: | [2] sati [hetuphala]{5 Tib. rgyu. dan. hbras. bu. meaning hetu-phala.} prabandhānupacchede anurūpa-
hetuphalapravartanārtha: | satyanurūpahetuphalapravartane karmasvabhāvārtha: pratītya-
samutpādārtha: |
kasyārthasya paridīpanārthaṃ pratītyasamutpādavyavasthānaṃ | hetu{6 Tib. adds here aha (smras). After it for hetu MS ahetu.}pratyaya [3] pari-
gṛhīta{7 Tib. omits it.} svasaṃkleśavyavadānārthasya paridīpanārthaṃ ||
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[vibhāga:]
vibhāga: katama: | yatpūrvānte’jñānamiti vistareṇa sūtraṃ | tatra pūrvānte’-
jñānaṃ katamat | [4] atītānasaṃskārānayoniśa: kalpayata: kiṃ-kanvahamabhūvamatī-
te’dhvanyāhosvinnāhamabhūvamatīte’dhvani | ko nvahamabhūvaṃ kathaṃ vābhūvamiti
yadajñānaṃ |
[5] aparānte’jñānaṃ katamat | anāgatānsaṃskārānayoniśa: kalpayata: 
[59 kha] kiṃ nvahaṃ bhaviṣyāmyanāgate’dhvanyāhosvinnāhaṃ bhaviṣyāmyanāgate’dhvani |
kiṃ [6] bhaviṣyāmi kathaṃ bhaviṣyāmītyajñānaṃ | pūrvāntāparānte’jñānaṃ katamat |
adhyātmamayoniśa: kathaṃkathībhavata: ke santa: ke bhaviṣyāma: | ayaṃ sattva: kuta
āgata: | ita [7] ścuta: kutra gāmī bhaviṣyatīti yadajñānaṃ | adhyātmamajñānaṃ kata-
mat | pratyātmikānsaṃskārānayoniśa ātmanā manasi kurvato yadajñānam | bahirdhā
jñānaṃ katamat | bāhyān [Tib. 111a. 1] sattvasaṃkhyātānsaṃskārānātmīya-
to’yoniśo manasi kurvato yadajñānaṃ | adhyātmabahirdhā’jñānaṃ katamat |
pārasāntānikānsaṃskārānmitrā [2] mitrodāsīnato’yoniśa: kalpayato yada-
jñānaṃ | karmaṇyajñānaṃ katamat | karmakartāra{1 Tib. not clear.}mayoniśa: kalpayato yadajñānaṃ |
vipāke’jñānaṃ katamat | [3] vipākaphalasaṃgṛhītānsaṃskārānvedakato’yoniśa:
kalpayato yadajñānaṃ | karmavipāke’jñānaṃ katamat | vitathaṃ karma tatphalaṃ cāyo-
niśa: kalpayato [4] yadajñānaṃ | buddhe’jñānaṃ katamat | buddhānāṃ bodhimamanasi
kurvato vā mithyā vā manasi kurvata: pramādyato vā kāṅkṣato vāpavadato
vā yadajñānaṃ | [5] dharme’jñānaṃ katamat | dharmasya svākhyātatā{2 For this Tib. suraksanam (?) reading legs. par, bsunsruns.}mamanasi{3 Tib. wrongly omits here mi.} kurvato
vā mithyā vā manasi kurvata: pramādyato vā kāṅkṣato vāpavadato vā yadajñānaṃ |
saṅghe’jñānaṃ katamat | [6] saṅghasya supratipattimamanasi kurvato vā mithyā vā
manasi kurvata: pramādyato vā kāṅkṣato vāpavadato vā yadajñānaṃ | du:khe’jñānaṃ
katamat | du:khaṃ [7] du:khato’manasi kurvato vā mithyā vā manasi kurvata:
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pramādyato vā kāṅkṣato vāpavadato vā yadajñānāṃ yathā du:khe evaṃ samudaye
nirodhe mārge [Tib. 111b. 1] ajñānāni draṣṭavyāni ||
hetāvajñānaṃ katamat | ahetukaṃ vā kalpayato viṣama{1 Tib. mi. mthun- pahi.} hetuṃ vā īśvaraprakṛti-
puruṣāntarādikaṃ{2 Tib. la. sogs. MS ^ntarayikam.} vāyoniśa: kalpayato yadajñānaṃ | yathā hetāvevaṃ hetu [2]-
samutpanneṣu saṃskāreṣu ||
te puna: kuśalā anavadyatvāt | akuśalā: sāvadyatvāt | sevitavyā hita-
tvāt | asevitavyā ahitatvāt | sāvadyā: kṛṣṇatvāt | [3] anavadyā:
śuklatvāt | sapratibhāgā vyāmiśratvāt ||
ṣaṭsu sparśāyataneṣu yathābhūtasaṃprativedhe’jñānaṃ katamat | adhigame viparyasta-
cetasa ābhimānikasya [4] yadajñānaṃ | tadetadabhisamasya{3 Here and also below after this occurs ekanta in the MS. but
there is nothing for it in Tib.}viṃśatyākāramajñānaṃ
bhavati | punaranyatsaptavidhamajñānaṃ | adhvasaṃmoho vastusaṃmoha: saṅkrānti-
saṃmoha: agrasaṃmohastattvasaṃmoha: [5] saṃkleśavyavadānasaṃmoho’bhimānasaṃmohaśca ||
yacca{4 See the preceding note.} viṃśatividhamajñānaṃ yacca saptavidhamajñānaṃ tatra kena kasya saṃgraho draṣṭavya: |
tribhi: prathamairajñānai: [6] prathamasyaikasya saṃgraha: | punastribhiranu{5 This word anu is found here and below in each case in the
MS. but its meaning is not clear. In the Tib. text there is hog. ma.
meaning tatah ‘after that’, certainly here for punah. But for anu
which may mean ‘after that’ (pascat) there is nothing in Tib.} dvitīyasya |
punastribhiranu caturthasya | punaścaturbhiranu pañcamasya | puna: ṣaḍbhiranu ṣaṣṭhasya |
paścimenaikena [7] saptamasya ||
puna [60ka] ranyatpañcākāramajñānaṃ | arthasaṃmoho dṛṣṭisaṃmoha: pramādasaṃmoha-
stattvārthasaṃmoho’bhimānasaṃmohaśca | yaccaikāntaviṃśatividhamajñānaṃ yacca pañcavidhaṃ
[112a. 1] katamena kasya saṃgraho draṣṭavya: | dṛṣṭisammohena pūrvakāṇāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ |
hetusamutpanneṣu ca dharmeṣvajñānasya saṃgraho draṣṭavya: | pramādasaṃmohena karmaṇi [2]
vipāke tadubhaye cājñānasya saṃgraha: | tattvārthasaṃmohena buddhādiṣu mārgasatya-
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paryavasāneṣu ajñānasya saṃgraha: | abhimānasaṃmohena paścimasya [saṃgraha:]{1 Tib. bsdus.} |
arthasaṃmohena [3] puna:{2 Omitted in Tib.} sarveṣāṃ saṃgraho draṣṭavya: ||
ajñānamadarśanamanabhisamayastama:saṃmoho’vidyā{3 After avidya MS has andhakaram for which there is nothing
in Tib. If it is accepted, the following number six (sixth) would be
seventh (saptama) not supported by Tib. in which we have actually
sixth (drug. po.). But avidyandhakara seems to be a compound word.
See below. It may be noted that in Tib, for avidya iti there is lit.
avidyayah saptama iti (ma. rig. pahi. bdun. pa. zes. bya. ba.) It is
however not clear.} itīme ṣaḍavidyāparyāyā:
saptavidhe saṃmohavastuni [4] yathākramaṃ draṣṭavyā: | paścime tattvasaṃmohavastuni{4 Tib. omits tattva- before moha and adds –dvaye as ^vastu-dvaye (gzi. tha. ma. gnis.)} |
evaṃ vastu kṛtvāpi paścimo’vidyāndhakāraparyāyastatra draṣṭavya: ||
apara: ṣaryāya: | śrutamayyāścintā [5] mayyā bhāvanāmayyāśca prajñāyā
vipakṣeṇa traya: paryāyā yathākramaṃ [yojyante]{5 Tib. sbyar. ro.} | tasyā eva vipakṣabhūtāyā
mṛdumadhyādhimātratvādapare punastraya: paryāyā [6] iti vipakṣaprabhedataśca svabhāva-
prabhedataśca ṣaṭ paryāyā: ||
kāyasaṃskārā: katame | kāyakarma kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ [7] puṇyāpuṇya-
saṃkhyātamadha ūrdhvaṃ punarāniñjyasaṃkhyātaṃ | vāksaṃskārā: katame | vākkarma | śeṣaṃ
pūrvavaddraṣṭavyaṃ | mana:saṃskārā: katame | mana [Tib. 112b. 1]skarma | tat{6 Tib. adds here ca (yan).}
kāmadhātau puṇyāpuṇyaṃ nāneñjyaṃ dvayoruparimayordhātvorāneñjyameva ca ||
cakṣurvijñānaṃ katamat | āyatyāṃ cakṣurindriyāśrayā yā rūpa[2]prati-
vijñaptiryatpuṇyāpuṇyāneñjyaṃ paribhāvitabījabhūtaṃ vijñānaṃ yacca tadbījasamudbhūtaṃ |
yathā cakṣurvijñāna [3] mevaṃ śrotraghrāṇajihvākāyamanovijñānāni draṣṭavyāni |
āśrayaviṣayakṛtaścaiṣa prativijñaptiviśeṣo draṣṭavya: | tatpuna: kāmāvacaraṃ
ṣaḍvidhaṃ | [4] rūpāvacaraṃ caturvidhaṃ | ārūpyāvacaramekavidhameva ||{7 Tib. omits eva.}
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vedanāskandha: katama: | anubhavajāti: sarvā |{1 For anu^sarva. Tib. sarvo’ pi anubhavaprakarah (thams,
cad. kyan. rmyon. bahi. rnam. pa. yin. te). So below.} sa ca traidhātukāvacara: |
saṃjñāskandha: katama: | saṃjānanājāti: sarvā | saṃskārakandha: katama: | [5]
cittābhisaṃskāramanaskarmajāti: | vijñānaskandha: katama: | vijānanājāti:
sarvā |{2 After sarva MS adds iti not in Tib.} ete’pi{3 Tib. omits api.} skandhāstraidhātukāva [6] carā draṣṭavyā: ||
catvāri mahābhūtāni katamāni | pṛthivīdhāturabdhātustejodhāturvāyudhātu: |
te’pi dhātudvaye{4 So the Tib. Text : de. dag. ni. khams. gnis. na. yod. do.} | catvāri mahābhūtānyupādāya | rūpaṃ [7] katamat | daśa-
rūpīṇyāyatanāni | dharmāyatanaparyāpannaṃ ca rūpaṃ daśa kāmāvacarāṇi prajñaptipatitaṃ ca
dharmāyatanarūpaṃ aṣṭau rūpāvacarāṇi dharmāyatanaparyāpannaṃ ca | [Tib. 113a. 1]
sarvaṃ{5 Omitted in Tib.} tadapi dvividhaṃ | vijñānabījaparigṛhītabījabhūtaṃ ca tadanirvarttitaphalabhūtaṃ ca ||
[60kha] cakṣurāyatanaṃ katamat | cakṣurvijñānasaṃniśrayo [2] rūpaprasādo yena
rūpāṇi paśyatpaśyati drakṣyati{6 Tib. literally ca (dan.) for va.} vā | yathā cakṣurāyatanamevaṃ śrotraghrāṇarjihvā-
kāyamana āyatanāni yathāyogaṃ draṣṭavyāni | sarveṣāṃ ca [3] kālatraya-
nirdeśena karma nirdeṣṭavyaṃ | tadapi dvividhaṃ nāmarūpaparigṛhītabījabhūtaṃ tadabhi-
nirvartitaphalabhūtaṃ ca kāmāvacaraṃ | rūpāvacarāṇi [4] pañca | ṣaṣṭhaṃ traidhātu-
kāvacaraṃ ||
cakṣu:saṃsparśa: katama: | trikasamavāyajā viṣayaśubhaṃ{7 The MS is corrupt here. the Tib. text is also illegible.} prativiṣaya{8 MS visayam : Tib. yul gyi mtshan. nid.} lakṣaṇa-
nirdeśo [5] ’vagantavya: | te punardvividhā: | ṣaḍāyatanabījaparigṛhītabīja-
bhūtāśca tadabhinirvarttitaphalabhūtāśca | kāmāvacarā: sarve | rūpāvacarāścatvāra: |
[6] ārūpyāvacara eka: ||
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sukhā vedanā katamā | yatsukhasthānīyamindriya{1 According to Tib. (dban po dan yul.) it is to be taken as a dvandva compound.} viṣayaṃ pratītyotpadyate
sātaṃ vedayitaṃ vedanāgataṃ | du:khā vedanā katamā | yaddu:khasthānīyaṃ [dvayaṃ]{2 Tib. gnis. po. la. Cf. indriyavisayam with regard to sukha vedana.} [7]
pratītyotpadyate’sāta vedayitaṃ | adu:khāsukhā vedanā katamā | yadadu:khāsukha-
sthānīyaṃ dvayaṃ pratītyotpadyate [Tib. 113b. 1] naiva sātaṃ nāsātaṃ vedayitaṃ vedanā-
gataṃ | tisra: kāmacaryā: | dve rūpāvacarye tṛtīyād yāvaddhyānāt | adu:khā-
sukhā caturthāddhyānādūrdhvaṃ yāvannaivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñā [2] yatanāt tā api
vedanā dvividhā: sparśabījaparigṛhītabījabhūtāstadabhinirvartitaphalabhūtāśca ||
kāma [3] tṛṣṇā katamā | kāmāvacarān saṃskārā{3 Tib. accusative (rnams. la.) in both the words, but in MS ablative singular. So below.}npratītya kāmāvacareṣu
kliṣṭā prārthanā yayā kāmadhātau du:khamabhinirvartayati | rūpatṛṣṇā katamā | yā [4]
rūpāvacarānsaṃskārānpratītya rūpāvacareṣu saṃskāreṣu kliṣṭā prārthanā yayā rūpa-
dhātau du:khamabhinirvartayati | ārūpyāvacarā tṛṣṇā [5] katamā | yārūpyā-
vacarānsaṃskārānpratītyārūpyāvacareṣu saṃskāreṣu kliṣṭā prārthanā yathā rūpadhātau
du:khamabhinirvartayati ||
[6] kāmopādānaṃ katamat | ya: kāmeṣu cchandarāga: | dṛṣṭuyapādānaṃ kata-
mat | satkāyadṛṣṭiṃ sthāpayitvā tadanyāsu dṛṣṭiṣu cchandarāga: | śīlavratopādānaṃ
katamat | śīlavratamithyāpraṇihite yaśchandarāga: | ātmo{4 Tib. atmavadopa^ (bdag. tu. smra. bahi.).}pādānaṃ katamat |
satkāyadṛṣṭau yaśchandarāga: | prathamena [Tib. 114a. 1] kāmadhātāveva du:kha-
mabhinirvartayati | avaśiṣṭai: punastraidhātuke ||
kāmabhava: katama: | kāmāvacarapūrvakālabhava: karmabhavo [2] maraṇabhavo’ntarā-
bhava upādhibhavo narakatiryakpretadevamanuṣyabhavāśca kāmamava ityucyate | sa
puna: pūrvakṛtasaṃskārakleśa [3] parigrahaprabhāvita: || rūpabhava: katama: || naraka-
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tiryakpreta {1 MS pretya- In Tib. read dags for dwags.} manuṣyabhavān sthāpayitvā tadanyo{2 Tib. de. las. gzan. pa. ; MS tadanye.} rūpabhavo draṣṭavya: || ārūpyabhava:
[4] katama: | antarābhavaṃ{3 MS adds here bhuyah not supported by Tib.} sthāpayitvā tadanyabhavasaṃgrahīta{4 Tib. de. la. gzan pahi. srid. pas. bsdus. pa. ni.} ārūpyabhavo
draṣṭavya: || kimadhikṛtya sapta bhavā vyavasthāpitā narakatiryakpretadevaṃmanuṣya [5]-
karmāntarābhavā: | trīṇi kṛtyānyadhikṛtya | ākṣepako bhava eka: | bhava-
saṃprāpako bhava eka: | phalopabhojakā bhavā:{5 Tib. srid. pa. ; MS bhavah.} pañca ||
[6] jāti: katamā | yā jarāyujāyāmaṇḍajāyāṃ ca yonau tatprathamābhi-
nirvṛtti: | saṃjāti: katamā | yā tatraiva ātmabhāvaparipūrirani:sṛtasya (?) |
[61 ka] bhavakrānti: katamā | yā tasmānni: [7] sṛti: | abhini:sṛti: katamā |
yā ni:sṛtasya vṛddhi: | prādurbhāva: katama: | saṃkhedajaupa
{6 Tib. adds ca ‘and’ (dan) between the words; MS ^svedajopa. ba.}pādukāyāṃ yaunau sakṛdeva
sambhava: | skandhapratilābha: katama: | ya āsveva yoni- [Tib. 114b. 1]-
ṣvavasthāsu ca {7 Tib. skye. gnas. hdi. dag. nid. dan. gnas. skabs. rnams su. MS avasthasrava pa^.}pañcānāmupādānaskandhānāṃ [sambhava:] ||
dhātupratilambha: katama: | yā teṣāmeva skandhānāṃ hetupratyayaparigṛhītatā |
āyatanapratilambha: katama: | yā teṣāmeva skandhānāṃ tadanya [2] pratyayapari-
gṛhītatā | skandhābhinirvṛtti: katamā | yā teṣāmeva skandhānāmāhārakṛtā
puṣṭirupacaya: | pratidina{8 Tib. omits it.}jīvitendriyaprādurbhāva: katama: | yatteṣāmeva skandhānā
[3] māyu:śeṣavaśādavasthānaṃ ||
asyā: punarjāte: samāsārtha: katama: | yaśca jāte: svabhāva: yatra ca jāyate
yaiśca hetupratyayai: parigṛhīta: yena copastambhenāhṛtena [4] sahajena ca dhriyata ityayaṃ
samāsārtha: |
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skhālityaṃ katamat | yadāśraya{1 Tib. lit. –kaya (lus) for -asraya. Here it is quite clear that
kkhalilya means here ‘shaking’ and is derived from the root skhal
'to move’.}daurbalyāttatkampatā | pālityaṃ katamat | 
yatkeśavaivarṇyaṃ | valīpracuratā katamā | [5] yastvaksaṅkoca: | jīrṇatā 
katamā | yā kāmabhogāpratibalatā tejovihāniśca | magnatā{2 Tib. seems to read zam. for zum. MS bhagnata.} katamā | 
yā vyavasāyakaraṇāpratibalatā prakṛtyanārogyatāmupādāya | tilakācita-{3 MS tilakalakacita- ; Tib. lus. smra. ba. nag. pos. suggesting
kalatilakagatrata. In Tib. kalatilakacita may be sme. be. nag. pos.
bsags. pa.} 
gātratā katamā | [6] yatkālapiṇḍotsadattvaṃ avirūpyavipratibandhena{4 The words from yat kala^ to- bandhena as they are found in 
the MS are not clear either in Skt. or in Tib.} tatra kubja-
gopānasīvaṅkatā | khurukhuru{5 Generally ghuraghura, onomatopoetic sound from the throat 
in old ege ; “kantho ghuraghurayate”, Bhagavata Purana, III.
30. 16.}praśvāsakāyatā katamā | yā gamaneryāpatha- 
prabhāvitā [7] kāyasaṃsthānatā tadudbhavā ca gāḍhaśvasanakāmanatā (?) | {6 So the MS. For this word Tib. has sna. ma. pas. che. ba. nid.}purata:
prāgbhārakāyatā katamā | niṣadyeryāpathāvasthitasya yāvanatakāyapratibalatā{7 In Tib. pratibalata is wanting.} |
daṇḍaviṣkambhanatā katamā | [Tib. 115a. 1] sthāneryāpathāvasthitasya yā 
daṇḍabalādhānaviharaṇatā | dhanutvaṃ (?) katamat svapneryāpathāvasthitasya yā gāḍhā- 
bhīkṣṇasvapnatā | mandatvaṃ [2] katamat | yā tatraiva supratiboddhumapratibalatā | 
hāni: katamā | yā smṛtibuddhyo: | parihāṇi: katamā | yā smṛtibuddhyo- 
rmāndyātkuśaladharmasamudāna{8 Tib. sgrub. ; MS samudanana.}yanā pratibalatā | [3] indriyāṇāṃ pariṇāma: katama: | 
yā prakṛtimandatā | paribheda:{9 It is a new word. What does it mean ? Tib. yons. su. hbral. 
ba. lit. meaning pariviraha or pariviyoga.} katama: | yā [4] teṣāmeva viṣayāpracuratā{10 So the MS. Tib. may support apracurata reading mthu. 
med. par. gyur. pa. which may be taken to mean apratibalata.} |
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saṃskārāṇāṃ purāṇībhāva: katama: | yā eṣāmeva paścimā daśāsannamaraṇatāmu-
pādāya | jarjarībhāva: katama: | yā āyu:parisamāpterāśrayasya{1 Tib. lit. dehasya (lus). so below.} bhaṅgābhi-
mukhatā kṛtyaviniyogāsamarthatāmupādāya | jarāyā:{2 Tib. rga. bahi ; MS jarayam.} puna: [57 ka] samāsārtha:
katama: | [5] āśrayavipariṇāma: keśavipariṇāma:{3 Omitted in Tib.} puṣṭivipariṇāmastejo{4 After tejas- Tib. adds han i(nams.).} bala-
vipariṇāma ārogyavipariṇāmo varṇavipariṇāma īryāpathavipariṇāmo’rūpīndriya-
[6] vipariṇāmo rūpīndriyavipariṇāmo daśātivṛtti{5 Tib. gnas. skabs. hdas.}rāyu:saṃkṣepa-{6 Tib. mjug, it should be taken here in the sense of anta or
avasana ‘end’. In MS there is samksepat after mjug. Tib. reads
one word more, but it is illegible.}- samā-
sārtho draṣṭavya: ||
te te sattvā: katame | [7] nārakādaya: | sattvanikāyā katame | sarve ta
eva | cyuti: katamā | yeṣāṃ sattvānāṃ marmacchedamantareṇa{7 Tib. omits -antarena reading gnad. chad. de. hchi. baho.
lit. tanmarmacchedamaranam.} maraṇaṃ | cyavanatā
katamā | yeṣāṃ sattvānāṃ saha marmacchedena maraṇaṃ | bheda:{8 Tib. hbral. ba. meaning viyoga, viccheda, apakranti.} katama: | [Tib. 115b.
1] yā vijñānasyāśrayādapakrānti: | antardhāni:{9 So reads the MS. but usually we should read antardhanam,
if it is not a new word. Tib. has med. pahi. hgyur, but generally
one should read nub. pa. or mi. snan. ba.}katamā | yo rūpiṇā-
mindriyāṇāṃ nirodha: | āyuṣo hāni: katamā | yā hikkāśvāsāvasthā |
ūṣmaṇo hāni: [2] katamā | yā niśceṣṭāvasthā | skandhānāṃ nikṣepo jīvite-
ndriyasya nirodha:[katama:] |{10 Tib. gan. ze. na. MS omits it. Just after it. i. e., before
yat which follows MS has tam agni. There is nothing of it in Tib.} yatkālamaraṇaṃ | maraṇaṃ katamat | yā kālacyuti-
statpratyayai: | [3] kālakriyā katamā | yāsannā ciramṛtāvasthā | apara: paryāyo
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māraṇaṃ{1 Tib. hehi. ba, MS maranam.} mārakarma{2 Before kala Tib. adds mrtyu or marana.} kālakriyetyucyate | māraṇasya puna: samāsārtha: katama: |
yā ca cyuti: | yasya ca [4] dharmasya cyuti: | yathā ca cyuti: cyutasya ca
tadurdhvaṃ ya: kāla: |{3 Tib. si. hphos. pa. dehi. mjug. thegs. kyi. dus. gan. yin. pa. ste.} ityayaṃ samāsārtha: | ityayaṃ pratītyasamutpā{4 Tib. rten, cin. hbrel. bar. hbyun. bahi. rnam. par. hbyed. pahi. MS padah (?).}davibhaṅgasya
vibhaṅgo draṣṭavya: ||
[krama:]
[5] kena kāraṇenāvidyādīnāṃ bhavāṅgānāmevaṃrūpa: kramanirdeśa: kṛta: | pūrvaṃ
tāvajjñeye vastuni sammoha: | sammūḍhasya tatraiva mithyābhisaṃskāra: | mithyābhi-
saṃskārā [6] ccitte viparyāsa: | cittaviparyāsātpratisandhibandha:{5 Tib. omits pratibandhah.} | prati-
sandhibandhādindriyaparipūri: | indriyaparipūrerdvābhyāṃ viṣayaparibhoga: | viṣaya-
paribhogādadhyava [7] sānaṃ tatprārthanā ca | prārthanayā paryeṣamāṇasya kleśopacaya: |
kleśopacayātpaunarbhavikamiṣṭāniṣṭakarmasamutthānaṃ | karmopacayasamutthānātpañca-
gatike saṃsāre [Tib. 116a. 1]’bhinirvṛttidu:khaṃ | abhinirvṛttidu:khakṛtaṃ ca
jarāmaraṇādidu:khamātmabhāvapariṇāmanaimittikaṃ jarāmaraṇadu:khaṃ{6 Tib. omits –duhkham.} | viṣayapariṇāma-
naimittikaṃ [2] śokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasyāyāsadu:khaṃ | tasmādanu{7 Tib. adds evam sati (de. lta. bas. na).}kramaśa
etāni dvādaśāṅgāni nirdiṣṭāni bhagavatā ||
aparo’nukramaparyāyo [3] dvividhapratyayaṃ pratītyasamutpādamārabhya ātmabhāva-
pratyayaṃ viṣayopabhogapratyayaṃ ca | ātmabhāvapratyaya: ṣaḍbhiraṅgai: saṃgṛhīta: |
viṣayopabhogapratyayo’pi ṣaḍbhireva | pūrva [4] mātmabhāve ātmagrāhādibhi:
saṃmūḍha: | tata: karmaṇāṃ du:khaphalavipākamajānāna: karma karoti | kṛtvā ca
tadeva{8 MS indistinct. Tib. ses. che.}manuvitarkayati | karmaṇā tadvijñānasahāyena [5] trividhamāyatyāṃ du:kha-
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mabhinirvartayati indriyanirvṛttisaṃgṛhītaṃ {1 MS reads na for tat (Tib. de.).}tatparipūrisaṃgṛhītaṃ viṣayaparibhoga-
saṃgṛhītaṃ ca | sparśāvasānaṃ nāmarūpaṃ {2 For rupam MS rupadyam not supported by Tib. which reads
here min. dan. gzugs. dan.}ca dṛṣṭa eva ca dharme [6] sparśapratyayāyāṃ
vedanāyāṃ tṛṣṇāmutpādya viṣayapratyayāṃ paryeṣaṇāmāpadyate | vyavasāyamāpadyate |
vyavasāyamukhena lābhasaṃskāramukhena śīlavratamukhena mokṣamukhena kāmaparyeṣaṇā-
mātmabhāvaparyeṣaṇāṃ mokṣa [7] paryeṣaṇāṃ [viṣayaparibhogapratyayaparyeṣaṇāṃ
mithyā{4 Tib. yul. la. yons. su. lons. spyod. pahi. rkyen. dan. ldan. 
pahi. yons. su. chol. ba.}paryepaṇāmāpadyamāna: kleśāṃśca tatpūrvakāṇi karmāṇi kṛtvā pañcagatike
saṃsāre jāyate [Tib. 116b.1] jīryati mriyate ca ||
aparo’nukramaparyāya: | traya: sattvarāśaya: | lokottarā viśuddhikāmā
viṣayaparamāśca | tatra [2] prathamā: pratītyasamutpādaṃ [58ka] nirodhayanti śukla-
pakṣeṇa na vardhayanti | dvitīyā: sattvā: satyāni yathābhūtamajānānā upasthita-
smṛtaya: puṇya[3]māneñjyaṃ ca sāsravaṃ bhāvanāmayaṃ karma kṛtvānupasthitayā vā puna: 
smṛtyā puṇyaṃ vipratisāraparibhāvitena vāvipratisāraprāmodya [4] paribhāvitena vā
cetasā bahulaṃ viharanti | te{5 Tib. tena (des. na.).} pūrvavaddhīnamadhyaviśiṣṭā upapattyāyatane’nupūrveṇa
triprakāramāyatyāṃ du:khamabhinirvarta [5] yanti | tṛtīyānāṃ sattvānāṃ pratyutpanna-
viṣayaparibhogaje vedite vartamānānāṃ pūrvavadaparāṇi{6 Tib. gzan, MS aparimani (?).} paḍaṅgāni kramaśo draṣṭavyāni
tṛṣṇādyāni jarāmaraṇāvasānāni ||
kena kāraṇena [6] pratilomānupūrvyā jarāmaraṇamidaṃ kṛtvā pratītyasamutpādo
deśyate satyanayadeśanāmadhikṛtya | tathāhi | jātijarāmaraṇaṃ du:khasatya-
pravibhaktaṃ{7 Tib. rab. tu. phye. ba. yin. ; MS prabharite.} | yaduktaṃ bhagavatā [7] na ca nāmarūpanirodhapūrvaṅgamā dharmā iti |
kena kāraṇena avidyānirodhapūrvaṅgamā noktā: vimukticetasāṃ tatprajñapte: |...tvāt{8 The Tib. text is illegible.}
--------------------
{3 Before paryesanam MS laya (?).}
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teṣāṃ hi dṛṣṭe dharme [Tib. 117a. 1] bījabhūtaṃ vedanāvasānaṃ niruddhaṃ bhavati |
dṛṣṭe ca dharme vedanāṃ vedayamānasya tṛṣṇānuśayasamuddhātā [2] dapravṛtterniruddhā
bhavati |{1 This is what is in the MS. According to Tib. there is trsnaya
anusayah (sred. pahi. bag. la. nal.). Thus one is to read trsnaya
anusayah samudghatad apravrtter niruddho bhavati.} tannirodhāttatpūrvaṅgamāni niruddhāni bhavanti | ityevaṃbhāgīya: pratītya-
samutpādasya kramaheturdraṣṭavya: ||
[nirukti:]
kena kāraṇena pratītyasamutpāda: pratītyasamutpāda [3] ityucyate | pratigatya{2 For pratigatya Tib. zi. gnas. which lit. means samatha.}
gatiṣu saṃyuktānāṃ kleśairutpāda: pratītyasamutpāda ityakṣaranirvacanaṃ | puna:
pratyayata{3 MS itvartayayasamgata (?) not in Tib.} utpāda: pratītyasamutpāda: | kṣaṇikārthamadhikṛtya{4 For ksanika Tib. lit. myur. du. hjig. pa. For a detailed discussion on pratitya-samutpada see MV. pp. 5ff and notes thereon by Poussin.} [4] | puna: pratyayā-
datītādatyaktātsvasantatāvutpāda: pratītyasamutpāda: | asminsatīdaṃ bhavatyasyo-
tpādādidamutpadyate [nānyathā] {5 Tib. gzan. du. ma. yin. no. For ityy etam artham (Tib. zes. bahi. don. hdi.). MS nanyatretyetamartham.} [5] ityetamarthamadhikṛtyaitannirvacanaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ |
puna: pratigatya pratigatya santatyotpāda: pratītyasamutpāda: | vinaśya vinaśye-
syartha: | puna: pratyayībhāvaṃ gatvā’tīte’dhvani {6 MS adds here samah.}santatyotpāda: pratītya [6]
samutpāda: | uktaṃ bhagavatā{7 Tib. adds api (kyan).} pratyavagamya samutpādaṃ deśayiṣyāmīti | pratyavagamye-
tyabhisambudhyetyartha:{8 MS abhisambuddhotpadathartha (?). Tib. is quite clear reading 
so. sor. thugs. su. chud. ces. bya. ba. ni. mnon. par. rdsogs. par. rtogs. zes. bya, bahi. tha. tshig. go. It is to be noted here that
while the sentence pratya^ tyarthah is where it is given in the body
in the Tib. text the MS reads it between the words pratyavagamya.
and samutpadam.} | tata:{9 Tib. lit. evam (de. lta. bas. na.).} [7] saiva saṃjñā nirūḍhā pratītyasamutpāda iti ||
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[pratyaya:]
avidyāsaṃskārāṇāṃ katibhi: pratyayai: [pratyayatvaṃ bhavati |]|{1 Tib. rkyen. du. hgyur.}rūpiṇāmadhipati-
pratyayena | arūpiṇāṃ tu [Tib. 117b. 1] tribhi: samanantarālambanādhipati-
pratyayai: | evamavaśiṣṭānāmaṅgānāṃ pratyayatvaṃ yathāyogaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | rūpiṇi{2 MS rupini or arupini in all the cases. Tib. gzugs. can. la. 
Skt. rupini.}
rūpiṇāmekenādhipatipratyayena | [2] arūpiṇāṃ dvābhyāmālamvanapratyayena ca{3 Tib. alambanapratyayena adhipatipratyayena ca (dmigs. pahi. rkyen. dan. badag. po. rkyen. dag. gnis so).} |
arūpiṇi rūpiṇāmekena | arūpiṇi{4 Omitted in Tib.}tvarūpiṇāṃ trimi: samanantarālambanādhi-
patipratyayai: ||
[3] kena kāraṇena hetupratyayena na pratyayānyetānyaṅgāni | svabhāvabījapratyaya-
[28kha] prabhāvitatvāddhetupratyayasya | yadi hetupratyayena na pratyayāni tatkena
kāraṇena hetuphalabhāvena pratītyasamutpādo nirdiśyate | [4] adhipati-
pratyaya [saṃ] gṛhīta{5 Tib. bsdus. pa.}māvāhakahetu{6 Tib. hdren. rgyu. for aksepa hetu. Tib. hphen. pahi. rgyu. For six and five kinds of hetu see AK. ii. 245, 314.}madhikṛtya ākṣepahetumabhinirvṛttihetuṃ ca ||
katyaṅgānyākṣepahetusaṃgṛhītāni | avidyāmupādāya yāvadvedanā |{7 MS vedanayah. So below bhavat for bhavah.} katyaṅgānya-
bhinirvṛttihetu [5] saṅgṛhītāni | tṛṣṇāmupādāya yāvadbhava: | katyaṅgānyākṣepā-
bhinirvṛttihetvo: phalasaṃgṛhītāni | dṛṣṭe ca dharme samparāye ca vijñānādīni
vedanāvasānāni [6] jātijarāmaraṇāvasāni ||
[pratyayaprabheda:]
yadā yoniśomanaskārahetukā vidyoktā kena kāraṇena sa pratītyasamutpāda-
nirdeśa ādito na nirdiṣṭa: | aprahāṇahetutvāt{8 MS -hetuvan na.} [7] saṃkleśahetutvāt | tathāhi |
nāmūḍhasya{9 Tib rmons. pa. ma. yin. pa. la.} sa manaskāra utpadyate | saṃkleśahetuśca pratītyasamutpāda: | avidyā ca
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svabhāvasaṃkliṣṭā ayoniśo [Tib. 118a. 1] manaskāraśca svabhāvasaṃkliṣṭa: |
mano vidyāṃ {1 Tib. text, too, is not clear here.}saṃkleśayati | api tvavidyāvaśena saṃkliśyate | karmakleśa [2]-
prabhāvitaṃ ca janma | tatra karmaṇo heturādiravidyā pratītyasamutpādasya |
tasmādasya yoniśo manaskāro nokta: ||
kena kāraṇena svabhāva: svabhāvasya pratyayatvena {2 Tib. lit. kena karanena svabhavasya pratyayatvam noktam 
(cihi. phyir. no. bo. nid. kyi. rkyen. ma. gsuns. se. na).}nokta: | nahi svabhāva: [3]
pratyayāntaramalabhamāna: svabhāvasya saṃkleśata: poṣako vā bhāvako vā bhavati |
tasmānnokta: |
kena kāraṇena puṇyāneñjyā: saṃskārā pratisaṃkhyāya manu (?) kṛtā{3 So the MS. Tib. bsgrims. te. byas. pa. ma. yin. na.} [4]
avidyāpratyayā ityucyante | sāṅketikadu:khahetumajānānasya tatpratyayā
apuṇyā:{4 Tib. adds jayante (hbyun), so in the next sentence.} | pāramārthikaṃ du:khahetumajānānasya tatpratyayā: puṇyā [5]neñjyā: |
tasmātte’pyavidyāpratyayā ucyante || yadā lobhadveṣamohanidānaṃ karmoktaṃ
tatkena kāraṇena mohanidānamevocyate | puṇyāpuṇyā [6] neñjyakarmanidānādhi-
kārata: |{5 Tib. mi. gyo. bahi. las. kyi. gzihi. skabs. yin. pahi. phyir.
MS. –nejya karma.} apuṇyameva tu karmalobhamohanidānaṃ || yadā cetanāsamutthāpi-
tatvātkāyavākkarmaṇa:{6 Here the plural number is expected.} saṃskārapratyayā abhisaṃskārā{7 As it is in the MS. Tib. sems. pa. ni. lus. dan. nag. gi. las. 
kun. nas. slan. bar. byed. pas. hdu. lyed. rnams. hbyun. bar. hgyur. na. cihi phyir. Thus ramskarapratyayah is omitted and here is 
samskarah and not abhisamskarah as in the MS. after which Tib. 
would add jayante (hbyun. bar. hgyur.).} [7] kena kāraṇenā-
vidyāpratyayā evocyante | sakalasaṃskārasamutthānapratyayādhikārāt kliṣṭa-
kuśalacetanotpattipratyayatvādhikārācca || yadā vijñānaṃ nāmarūpapratyayamapi [Tib.
118b. 1] kena kāraṇenāsminnarthe saṃskārapratyayamevocyate | saṃskārā vijñānasya
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saṃkleśakā: punarbhavākṣepakā abhinirvartakāśca | na tu nāmarūpamāśrayālambanata
[2] utpattipratyayamātratvāt || yadā nāmarūpaṃ mahābhūtānyupādāya sparśamapi kena
[63ka] kāraṇena vijñānapratyayamevocyate | vijñānasya tadabhinavotpattihetutvā-
nmahābhūtāni [3] sparśaśca kevalamutpannasya pratiṣṭhāheturbhavatyutpattikāle ca yadā
ṣaḍ{1 Tib. drug. MS ve (ce?) d.} dhātūnpratītya mātu: kukṣau garbhasyāvakrāntiruktā{2 Tib. omits ukta. The case is the same also with the next sentence.} kena kāraṇena
vijñānadhāturevokta: | sati hi vijñānadhātau niyataṃ{3 Not in Tib.} mātu: kukṣau śukra-
śoṇitamahābhūtakukṣi [4] cchidrā{4 Tib. is here very indistinct.}vaikalyātpradhāno vijñānadhāturiti kṛtvā
sarvayonibhavotpattyadhikārācca || yadā ṣaḍāyatanamāhārapratyayamapi kena kāraṇena
nāmarūpapratyayamevehoktaṃ | [5] tadutpattikāraṇatvānnāmarūpasya | utpannasya ca
sthityupastambhamātrakāraṇamāhāra: | yadā trikasamavāyapratyaya: sparśa: kena
kāraṇena ṣaḍāyatanapratyaya evokta: | sati ṣaḍāyatane tadanyadvayāvaikalyātṣaḍā-
yatanapradhānaṃ pradhānamiti kṛtvā dvayasaṃgrahācca ṣaḍāyatanasya [6] ||
yadātmopakramikā: paropakramikā ṛtuvipariṇāmikā pūrvakarmāhṛtāśca vedanā
upalabhyante [7] kena kāraṇeneha sparśapratyayā eva paridīpitā: | samāsannakāra-
ṇatvātsparśasya | sparśāhārakatvācca tadanyeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ tā api vedanā: | sparśa-
sambhavā nāntareṇa sparśamiti kṛtvā | [Tib. 119a. 1] yadā tṛṣṇāvidyāpratya-
yāpyuktā tatsthānīyaviṣayapratyayā ca kena kāraṇeneha vedanāpratyayaivoktā |
yasmādvedanāvaśādviṣayasaṃyogaprārthanā pravartate{5 Tib. mi. hbrel. bar. hdod. pa. hbyun ba. dan.} [2] tadupame{6 Tib. de. dan. mthun. pahi. lit. tatsamane.} viṣaye mohavaśāttu
kevalaṃ tāsāṃ vedanānāṃ samudayāstaṅgādīnyathābhūtamaprajānanta(?)stataścittaṃ na
nivārayanti{7 In both the places MS has the Singular number.} (?) ||
yadānuśayādaprahīṇā [3] ntasthānīyebhya{8 Tib. ma. seb. nas.}śca dharmasya upādānasya prabhavo bhavati
kena kāraṇeneha tṛṣṇāpratyayamevopādānamucyate | yasmātprārthanājāta: paryeṣṭi-
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māpadyamāno’nuśayaṃ ca prabodhayati tatsthānīyāṃśca dharmānākarṣayati | [4] yadā-
pūrvamevāvidyāpratyaya: karmabhava ukta:, kena kāraṇena upādānapratyayo bhava ucyate |
upādānabalena yasmāttadeva karma tasmiṃstasminnupapattyāyatane vijñānanāmarūpādyā-
karṣaṇa [5] samarthaṃ bhavati | yadā śukraśoṇitādipratyayāpi jāti: kena
kāraṇena bhavapratyayaivoktā | bhave{1 MS bhava; Tib. srid. pa. yod. na.} sati niyataṃ tadanyapratyayāvaikalya{2 Tib. lit. -sakalya. (tshan. bar.).}sadbhā-
vāt sa eva pradhāna: pratyaya [6] iti kṛtvā | yadā adhvaviṣamāparihāraparā-
kramaṇā{3 For akramana, MS upakrama. Tib. has gnod. pa. badha.
apakara, etc. it is however better to read gnon. pa. akramana. Else-
where for upakrama Tib. has. however. gnod. pa.}dibhirapi pratyayairjarāmaraṇamupalabhyate | kena kāraṇeneha jātipratyayame-
vocyate | jātimūlatvātteṣāmapi pratyayānāṃ tatpratyayavaikalye’pi ca jāti-
jarāmaraṇasya [7] jātikṛtatvāt ||
eṣāṃ{4 Tib. hdi. dag. MS yesam.}dvādaśānāmaṅgānāṃ katyaṅgāni kleśavartma | kati karmavartma |
kati du:khavartma | trīṇi kleśavartma | dve karmavartma [Tib. 119b. 1] avaśiṣṭāni 
du:khavartma ||
[63kha] kati hetubhūtānyeva | ādyamekaṃ | kati phalabhūtānyeva | paścimamekaṃ |
kati hetuphalabhūtāni | avaśiṣṭāni ||
punarasya ca praśnasyānyo visarjanaparyāya: | [2] trīṇi hetuphalabhūtānyeva |
dve phalabhūte eva | avaśiṣṭāni hetuphalabhūtāni draṣṭavyāni ||
kati pratyekalakṣaṇāni | kati saṃsṛṣṭalakṣaṇāni | trīṇi pratyekalakṣaṇāni |
saṃskārādīnyaṅgāni [3] saṃsṛṣṭalakṣaṇāni ||
kena kāraṇena saṃskārā bhavaśca saṃsṛṣṭalakṣaṇaṃ | dvidhānirdiṣṭaṃ |{5 Acc. to Tib. ^laksanam dvidha, (Gnis. matsan).} iṣṭāniṣṭa-
phaladānato gatinirvartanasāmarthyabhedācca ||
[4] kena kāraṇena vijñānanāmarūpaṣaḍāyatanaikadeśasaṃsṛṣṭalakṣaṇaṃ tridhā nirdiṣṭaṃ |
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saṃkleśakālādhikārāt | niṣeka{1 MS gives this reading, but the meaning is not clear. Tib. Xylograph is also not clear appearing to read sdug. pahi. which 
may mean here ista, kanta ‘attractive’, ‘agreeable’ or subha ‘good’.}kālādhikārāt | [5] pravṛttikālādhi-
kārataśca ||
kena kāraṇena vijñānādīni vedanāvasānāni jātijarāmaraṇāni ca dvidhā-
khyātāni | [6] pṛthagdu:khavastulakṣaṇavikhyāpanārthamākṣepābhinirvṛttiprameda-
pradīpanārthaṃ ca ||
pratītyasamutpāde katama: pratigamārtha: | yadutpannānāmanavasthānārtha: | prati-
vigamārtha: | [7] katama: saṅgamārtha: | ya: sāmagrīsamavadhānārtha: | pratyayānāṃ
katama utpādārtha: | ya: pratyayasāmagrīparigṛhītānāṃ navanavaprabhavārtha: | katama:
pratītyasamutpāda: | katamā pratītyasamutpannatāyā utpattidharmatā | [Tib.
120a. 1] saṃskārāṇāmayaṃ pratītyasamutpāda: | yā punarutpannataiva sā pratītya-
samutpannatetyucyate | katyaṅgāni du:khapratyayasaṃgṛhītāni [2] dṛṣṭadhārmikadu:khāya ca |
dve jātirjarāmaraṇaṃ ca | kati du:khasatyasaṃgṛhītānyevāyatyāmeva ca du:khāya |
vijñānādīni vedanāvasānāni bījabhūtāni | kati samu [3] dayasatyasaṃgṛhītāni |
avaśiṣṭāni ||
avidyā saṃskārāṇāṃ kiṃ{2 So the MS.} sahabhāvena pratyaya: athā{3 Tib. hon. te. ; MS tatha.}nantaraniruddha:
pratyaya: | atha ciraniruddha: pratyaya: | tridhā [4] pratyayo dṛṣṭavya: | sahabhāvena
saṃskārasthānīyeṣu dharmeṣvāvaraṇapratyaya: | yadarthaṃ saṃskārānutthāpayati tadajñānata: |
saṃjanana{4 Tib. omits samjanana.}pratyayo’nantaraniruddha: [5] kudṛṣṭipramādasahagatenājñānena | āyatyāṃ
tadutpattyanukūlaṃ santatyavasthāpanācciraniruddho’pyākṣepa{5 Tib. hphen. pahi ; MS pyaceva (?).}pratyayo draṣṭavya: |
saṃskārā vijñānasya kathaṃ triprakārapratyayatayā [6] draṣṭavyā: | bījabhāva-
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paribhāvanayā sahabhāvapratyaya: | tadūrdhvaṃ tadvaśavartanatayā saṃjananapratyayo’nantara-
niruddha: āyatyāṃ phalābhi{1 Tib. hbras. bu. mnon.}nirvartita [7] #kṣepatayā{2 MS avedhyataya(?) for aksepataya, read in Tib. hphen. pas. 
for hphel. bas.} ākṣepa{3 Tib. hphen. pahi ; MS avedya (?).}pratyaya: ||
yathā saṃskārā vijñānasya [pratyaya:]{4 Tib. rkyen. du. hgyur. ba.} | evaṃ vijñānaṃ nāmarūpasya | nāmarūpaṃ
ṣaḍāyatanasya | ṣaḍāyatanaṃ sparśasya{5 Tib. reg. pahi ; MS samsparsasya. So in the next sentence. 
MS samsparso for sparsa in Tib. (reg).} [Tib. 120b. 1] sparśo vedanānām |
vedanā tṛṣṇāyā: |
kathaṃ triprakārapratyayatayā draṣṭavyā: | sahabhāvato’dhyavasānapratyayatayā
draṣṭavyā: | tadanantaraṃ tadvaśena paryeṣṭyādi [2] [64ka] kriyānupravartanatayā
saṃjananapratyaya: | āyatyāṃ taddurvimocya{6 Tib. de. las. gral. bar. dkah. bahi ; MS cya. durvimo (?)} santatyavasthānācciraniruddho’pyāvedya{7 Tib. hphen. pahi. rkyen ; MS abadha (?). See the next paragraph where these words occur again for avasthapanat Tib. (?)}
pratyaya: ||
tṛṣṇopādānasya kathaṃ triprakārapratyayatayā pratyaya: | [3] chandarāgasahagata-
tvāttadupādānīyeṣu dharmeṣu ruciniveśanapratyayatvātsahabhāvapratyaya: | tadanantaraṃ
tadvaśavartanātsaṃjananapratyaya: | taddurvimocya [4] santatyavasthāpanācciraruddho’pyā-
bādha(?)pratyaya: ||
upādānaṃ bhavasya kathaṃ triprakārapratyayatayā pratyaya: | sahabhāvatastasya karmaṇa-
stadgatyāvarjanatayā saha [5] bhāvapratyaya: | tadbalena tasminnupapattyāyatane tadvi-
jñānādyākarṣaṇapratyayatayā anantaraniruddha: saṃjananapratyaya: | dhātunirvartanasāmarthya-
pratyayatayā [6] ābedhapratyayaściraniruddho’pi ||
bhavo jāte: kathaṃ triprakārapratyayatayā pratyaya: | sahabhāvapratyayo bījabhāva-
paribhāvanatayā | anantaraṃ tadvaśānuvartanatayā [7] saṃjananapratyayaściraniruddho’pi
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tatphalanirvṛtyābedhaprattyaya: | yathā bhavo jāterevaṃ jātirjarāmaraṇasya pratyayatvena
draṣṭavyā | bhavasya dvidhā [Tib. 121a. 1] vyavasthānaṃ | pradhānāṅgatastathopā-
dānaparigṛhītasya karmaṇo yathāpūrvanirdiṣṭaṃ sakalāṅgata: karmaṇo vijñānādīnāṃ ca
vedanāvasānānāṃ bījabhūtānā [2] mupādānaparigṛhītānāṃ bhavato vyavasthānaṃ
draṣṭavyaṃ |
kimeṣāṃ bhavāṅgānāmetadeva karma yaduta saṃskārādīnāṃ jarāmaraṇāvasānānā-
manupūrvapratyayatvamathānyadapi kiñcit | [3] etacca sve sve gocare{1 Tib. does not repeat sve, nor has it ca after gocare.} ca sarveṣāṃ
yathāyogaṃ vṛttirdvitīyaṃ karma draṣṭavyaṃ | kimavidyā kevalānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ pratyayo
yathānyeṣāmapyaṅgānāṃ | avidyā yāvajjarāmaraṇasyāpi pratyaya: [4] samāsannapratyayā-
rthena puna: saṃskārāṇāmeva nirdiṣṭā ||
evamavaśiṣṭāṅgāni yathāyogaṃ draṣṭavyāni ||
na tu punaradharāṇāmaṅgānāmuparimeṣu{2 Tib. repeats the word uparima reading gon. ma. gon. ma.} pratyayatvaṃ | [5] kena kāraṇena | yatho-
parima{3 For uparima Tib. adhara or adharima (hog. ma.).}prahāṇāyoparimaprahāṇe yatna: kriyate tatprahāṇe’dharimaprahāṇamiti
kṛtvā naivamuparimaprahāṇāyādharimaprahāṇe | tasmāttāvantyeva [6] tatpratyayāni
{4 Tib. does not decide the gender.}draṣṭavyāni |
kathamasminsatīdaṃ bhavatītyucyate | aprahīṇātpratyayāt tadanyotpādārthena |
kathamasyotpādādidamutpadyata ityucyate | anityātpratyayāttadanyo [7] tpādārthena |
kena kāraṇena jātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ bhavati | jātipratyayaṃ ca jarāmaraṇa-
mityucyate | yāvadavidyāsaṃskārāśca anenaiva vyapadeśena{5 Strictly Tib. after vyapadesa (brjod. pahi.) adds krama 
(tshul). So for vyapadesena one may read vyapadesa-kramena. See 
the next passage. Again Tib. adds here yojayitavyah (hdi. dan. 
sbyar. bar. bya. ste.), so in the next passage.} {6 Before nirihat (Tib. byed. pa. med. pahi.) MS adds yena in
Tib. See the next passage.}nirīhātpratyayāttadanyo-
[Tib. 121b.1] tpādārthena ||
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kena kāraṇena jātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ nānyatra jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇamucyate |
evaṃ yāvadavidyā saṃskārāśca | anenaiva vyapadeśena svasāntānikātpratyayāt
svasantāna [2] eva tadanyotpādārthena{1 Tib. de. las. gzan. pahi. skye. bahi. phyir; MS ^utpadanarthena.} ||
ye dharmā avidyāpratyayena [64kha] saṃskārā api te{2 The text here either in Skt. or Tib. is not clear.} | ye vā saṃskārā
avidyāpratyayā api te syu: | saṃskārā [3] nāvidyāpratyayā anāsravā
anivṛtāvyākṛtāśca kāyavāṅmana:saṃskārā: syuravidyāpratyayā na saṃskārā:{3 Tib. hdu. byed. rnams. kyan. yin. pa. yan. yod. de. MS sanskarapunya^.} |
[4] saṃskārasaṃgṛhītaṃ bhavāṅgaṃ sthāpayitvā yāni tadanyāni bhavāṅgāni | avidyā-
pratyayāśca [bhavanti]{4 note ?} puṇyā’puṇyānejyā: kāya [5] vāṅmana:saṃskārā: etānā-
kārān sthāpayitvā ca caturthī koṭi: | itīyaṃ catuṣkoṭikā | yatsaṃskārapratyayaṃ
vijñāna [6] mapi tat | yadvā vijñānaṃ saṃskārapratyayamapi tatsyāt | saṃskārapratyayaṃ 
na vijñānaṃ | vijñānaṃ sthāpayitvā tadanyāni bhavāṅgāni | vijñānaṃ na saṃskāra-
pratyayaṃ yadanāsravamanivṛtāvyākṛtaṃ ca | vipākajaṃ sthāpayitvā | vi[Tib.
122a. 1] jñānaṃ ca saṃskārapratyayaṃ ca yatpaunarbhavikaṃ bījabhūtaṃ phalabhūtaṃ vā |
etānākārān sthāpayitvā caturthī koṭi: ||
anenānusāreṇa [2] yathāyogaṃ yāvansparśapratyayādveditāccatuṣkoṭikā{5 Tib. adds here yathayogam (ci. rigs. su.).} draṣṭavyā ||
yā vedanāpratyayā sarvā sā tṛṣṇā | yā tṛṣṇā sarvā [sā]{6 Tib. de. dag.} vedanāpratyayā | [3]
atrāpi cātuṣkoṭika: syāt | tṛṣṇā na vedanāpratyayā | uttare vimokṣe yā 
prārthanā{7 Tib. hdod. pa. meaning generally kama ‘desire’.} yāṃ ca tṛṣṇāṃ kuśalaṃ niśritya tṛṣṇāṃ prajahāti | vedanāpratyayā vedanā-
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pratyayā na tṛṣṇā | [4] vidyāsaṃsparśajāṃ vedanāṃ pratītya ye tadanye dharmā utpadyante |
yāni ca tadanyāni bhavāṅgāni | vedanāpratyayā ca tṛṣṇā ca [5] kliṣṭā tṛṣṇā
avidyāsaṃsparśajaveditapratyayā || etānākārānsthāpayitvā caturthī koṭi: ||
yattṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ tatsarvaṃ tadupādānaṃ | yadvā upādānaṃ [6] sarvatṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ | atra
paścātpadakaṃ{1 Tib. tshig. phyi. ma. yin. par. ; MS padakam.} draṣṭavyaṃ yattāvadupādānaṃ sarvaṃ tattṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ syāttu tṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ
nopādānaṃ | [7] upādānaṃ sthāpayitvā tadanyāni bhavāṅgāni | ye ca kuśalāṃ
tṛṣṇāṃ pratītya ārabdha{2 MS not clear, so is Tib.}vīryādaya: kuśalā dharmā utpadyante ||
ya upādānapratyaya: [Tib. 122b. 1] sarva: sa bhava: | yo vā bhava: sarva: sa
upādānapratyaya: | yastāvadbhava: sarvo’sāvupādānapratyaya: | syāttūpādāna-
pratyayo na bhava: | [2] bhavaṃ sthāpayitvā tadanyāni bhavāṅgāni ||
yā yā bhavapratyayā sarvā sā jāti: | yā vā jāti: sarvā sā bhava-
pratyayā | yā tāvajjāti: [3] sarvā sā bhavapratyayā | syāttu bhavapratyayā na
jāti: | jātiṃ sthāpayitvā yajjarāmaraṇaṃ paścimaṃ bhavāṅgaṃ |
yajjātipratyayaṃ sarvaṃ tajjarāmaraṇaṃ | yadvā [4] jarāmaraṇaṃ sarvaṃ tajjātipratyayaṃ |
yattāvajjātimaraṇaṃ sarvaṃ tajjarāpratyayaṃ | syāttu jātipratyayaṃ na jarāmaraṇaṃ |
vyādhirapriyasaṃyoga: [5] priyavinābhāva icchāvighātastatsamutthitāśca śoka-
paridevadu:khadaurmanasyopāyāsā: ||
eṣāṃ bhavāṅgānāṃ kati samyagdṛṣṭi [6] saṃgṛhītasya mārgasyāṅgāni prādhānyena
vibandhabhūtāni | avidyā tatsamutthitāśca mana:saṃskārā bhavaikadeśaśca vibandha-
bhūta: ||
yathā samyagdṛṣṭerevaṃ{3 Tib. yan. dag. pahi. lta. ba. la. ; MS drstir.} samyaksaṃkalpasya [65 ka] samyagvyāyāmasya samyagvyāyāmasya
samyagvākkarmāntājīvānāṃ kāya [vāk]{4 Tib. nag. gi. hdu. byed. rnams. dan.} saṃskārā bhavaikadeśaśca vibandhabhūta: |
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[Tib. 123a. 1] samyaksmṛte: samyaksamādheścāvaśiṣṭāni vibandhabhūtāni 
draṣṭavyāni ||
eṣāṃ bhavāṅgānāṃ katyaṅgānyekāntena saṃkleśa [2] pakṣyāṇi kati saṃkleśa-
vyavadānapakṣyāṇi | catvāryekāntena saṃkleśapakṣyāṇi | tadanyāni saṃkleśa-
vyavadānapakṣyāṇi | [3] jātiryāpāyeṣvakṣaṇeṣu vā tadanyeṣu{1 tad^ va omitted in Tib., but it appears to read simply tada-
nyesu (de. ma. yin. pahi.).} vā sā
saṃkleśapakṣyā | yā punardevamanuṣyeṣvakṣaṇavivarjiteṣu jāti: sā saṃkleśavya [4]-
vadānapakṣyā draṣṭavyā | śeṣāṇi tvaṅgāni yathāyogaṃ tadubhayapakṣyāṇi
draṣṭavyāni ||
katamasyāmavidyāyāmasatyāṃ saṃskārā na bhavanti | katamasyā avidyāyā
nirodhātsaṃskāranirodha: | [5] triprakāraparyavasthānasamutthānānuśayasthāyinyā
[avidyāyā nirodha]{2 Tib. ma. rig. pa. hgags.} iti | avidyānirodhādavidyānirodhe{3 Tib. ma. rig. pa. hgag. la; MS nirodhah.} tannirodhācca
tannirodhe sati tata: saṃskāranirodha: ||
[6] katameṣu saṃskāreṣvasatsu vijñānaṃ na bhavati | katama{4 MS katamah.}saṃskāra-
nirodhādvijñānanirodha: | ye saṃskārā: svasantāne kṛtanirodhā{5 Tib. ran. gi. rgyud. la. byas. nas. hgags. la. MS krtanirodhita (?)} anutpā-
ditapratipakṣāśca | apica mana:saṃskāreṣu satsu [7] kāyavāksaṃskārā: |
tatastasminsati tadbhāve tatpratyayaṃ vijñānaṃ | tasminnasati tadabhāve tatsākalya-
nirodhādvijñānanirodho draṣṭavya: ||
katamasmin vijñāne [Tib. 123b. 1]’sati nāmarūpaṃ na bhavati | katama-
vijñānanirodhācca puna: nāmarūpanirodha: | bījabhūte vijñāne’sati phalabhūtaṃ vijñānaṃ
na bhavati | [2] tadubhayanirodhātpunastadubhayanāmarūpanirodha: ||
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yathā vijñānanāmarūpayornayastathā yathāyogamavaśiṣṭānāmaṅgānāṃ draṣṭavyo
yāvad vedanāvasānāt | yathā’vidyāpratyayānāṃ{1 In Xylograph read gyi for gyis after rkyen. in all similar cases.} [3] saṃskārāṇāmevaṃ tṛṣṇā-
pratyayasyopādānasya upādānapratyayasya ca bhavasya draṣṭavya: ||
yathā saṃskārapratyayasya vijñānasyaivaṃ bhavapratyayāyā jāte [4] rdraṣṭavya: | yathā
vijñānapratyayānāṃ nāmarūpādīnāṃ tathā jātipratyayasya jarāmaraṇasya ||
katamasyāṃ vedanāyāmasatyāṃ tṛṣṇā na bhavati | katamavedanānirodhācca puna-
stṛṣṇānirodha: | [5] yathā saṃskārapratyayasya vijñānasya tathāsyāpi nayo
draṣṭavya: ||
yo’sāvaṣṭamukha: pratītyasamutpāda ukta [6] steṣāṃ kati mukhāni
dvādaśāṅgapratītyasamutpādaprabhāvitāni | kati na | trīṇi mukhāni
tatprabhāvitāni | dve ekadeśaprabhāvite | ekaṃ sakalāṅga [7] prabhāvitaṃ |
avaśiṣṭāni na [prabhāvitāni]{2 Tib. rab. tu. phyi. (?) ba. ma. yin. te.} | vijñānotpattimukhaṃ karmasvakatāmukhaṃ caika-
deśaprabhāvite | sattvalokapravṛttimukhaṃ puna: sakalāṅgaprabhāvitaṃ || [Tib.
124a. 1] pratītyasamutpādamajānānasya katyādīnavā draṣṭavyā: | pañca |
ātmadṛṣṭirbhavati | pūrvāntasahagatāni [2] dṛṣṭigatānyutpādayati | yathā
pūrvāntasahagatānyevamaparāntasahagatāni pūrvāntāparāntasahagatāni sthāmaśa:{3 The text from sthamasah to adinavah both in Skt. and Tib. 
is obscure. The latter reads nan. gyis. mchog. tu. hdzin. par. gnas. 
pa. dan. len. pa. dan. bcas. pa. dan. yons. su. gdun. ba. dan.
bcas. pa. dan. tshe. hdi. la. yons. su. mya. nan. las...MS sthayi for 
sthayi saparit(?)sano for saparitapanah.}
parāmarśasthāyī [65ka] sopādāna: saparitāpana: | na [3] dṛṣṭe dharme parinirvā-
tyayaṃ pañcama ādīnava: ||{3 The text from sthamasah to adinavah both in Skt. and Tib. is obscure. The latter reads nan. gyis. mchog. tu. hdzin. par. gnas. pa. dan. len. pa. dan. bcas. pa. dan. yons. su. gdun. ba. dan. 
bcas. pa. dan. tshe. hdi. la. yons. su. mya. nan. las...MS sthayi for 
sthayi saparit(?)sano for saparitapanah.} || jānānasya katyanuśaṃsā draṣṭavyā: | etadviparyayeṇa pañcai-
vānuśaṃsā draṣṭavyā: | eṣāṃ dvādaśānāmaṅgānāṃ katyaṅgāni [4]dravyamasti{4 Tib. supports it (rdzas. su. yod.). So in the following line.} |
āha nava{5 In Xylograph read dguho. for dgeho.} | kati na dravyamasti | yānyavaśiṣṭāni | katyekadravya-
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svabhāvāni | pañca |{1 Tib. lnaho ; MS yany avasistani.} [kati nānādravyasvabhāvāni | avaśiṣṭāni |{2 Tib. rdzas. du. mahi. no. bo. nid. du. ze. na.}] kati
jñeyāvaraṇāni | ekaṃ | [5] kati du:khanirvartakāni | pañca | kati du:kha-
garbhāṇi | pañcaiva | kati du:khānyeva | dve | kati hetubhāvanirdeśyāni | kati phala-
bhāvanirdeśyāni | kati hetuphalavyāmiśra{3 Tib. omits vyamisra.}bhāvanirdeśyāni | [6]ṣaṭ prathamāni{4 Tib. madhyamani (gon. mo.). According to Skt. the Tib. reading should have been dan. po.}
avidyāmupādāya yāvatsparśāt | tṛṣṇopādānabhavāśca hetubhāvanirdeśyā:{5 MS ^nirdesyani.} |
paścime dve phalabhāvanirdeśye | vedanāvyāmiśranirdeśyā sāmparāyikī{6 According to Skt. text. was expected to be tshe. phyis. ma. 
but MS reads here quite the opposite samparayiki for which Tib. 
is tshe. phyi. ma. pa.} ca sparśa-
pratyayā hetubhūtā dṛṣṭadhārmikī ca | tṛṣṇāyā: pratyayā [t]{7 Tib. sred. pahi. rkyen. gyis.} phalabhūtā | te
cobhe sparśapratyaye kṛtvā vyāmiśre nirdiśyete ||
katyaṅgāni iṣṭāniṣṭaphalanirvartakāni | katyaṅgānyātmabhāvaphalanirvartakāni |
[Tib. 124b. 1] pūrvakāṇi ṣaṭpūrva{8 Tib. adds tara or tama (sos) after purva. So in the next sentence before phala.}phalanirvartakāni | paścimakāni trīṇi
paścimaphalanirvartakāni ekaṃ tadubhayaphalanirvartakaṃ ||
kati sukhavedanāsahagatāni | dve aṅge [2] sthāpayitvā tadanyāni | kati du:kha-
vedanāsahagatāni | tānyeva | sthāpitaṃ caikamaṅgaṃ | katyadu:khasukhavedanāsahagatāni |
[3] sukhavadatrāpi nayo draṣṭavya: || katyavedanāsahagatāni | ekamaṅgaṃ yatsthāpitaṃ ||
katyaṅgāni vipariṇāmadu:khatayā saṃgṛhītāni | sukhavedanāsahagatāni [4]
yaccāvedanāsahagatamaṅgaṃ tasya ca pradeśa: || kati du:khadu:khatayā saṃgṛhītāni |
yāni du:khasahagatāni yaccāvedanāsahagatamaṅgaṃ tasya ca pradeśa:{9 Both the Skt. and Tib. texts are not here clear to me.} || [5] kati
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saṃskāradu:khatayā saṃgṛhītāni | yāni tāvadvipariṇāmadu:khadu:khatayā saṃgṛhītāni
saṃskāradu:khatayāpi tāni | syāttu saṃskāradu:khatayā saṃgṛhītāni [6] na
tadanyābhyāṃ du:khatābhyāṃ{1 MS duhkhatabhyam.} | yānyadu:khāsukhasahagatāni yaccāvedanāsahagatamaṅgaṃ tasya
ca pradeśa: || [7] kiṃ sarvopapattisamāpattiṣu sarvāṇyaṅgānyupalabhyante samudā-
cārata: | āha nopalabhyante | asaṃjñikaṃ nirodhasamāpattyasaṃjñisamāpattyośca
[Tib. 125a. 1] rūpīṇyupalabhyante nārūpīṇi{1 MS duhkhatabhyam.} ārūpyeṣūpapannasya punararūpīṇyupa-
labhyante na rūpīṇi ||
[2] syādaṅgāni niśrityāṅgavivekaṃ pratilabheta | āha | syādekadeśatatkāla-
vivekaṃ na sakalāṅgapratyaṅgaviveka: | ūrdhvabhūmikānyaṅgāni niśritya [3] #dhobhūmi-
kānāṃ ||
kati kliṣṭānyaṅgāni katyakliṣṭāni | trīṇi kliṣṭāni avaśiṣṭāni dvividhāni |
akliṣṭānāṃ tu kuśalānivṛtā [4] vyākṛta{2 So reads Tib. dge. ba. rnams. dan. lun. du. ma. bstan. pahi. But MS has added anivrta before avyakrta though it is not in Tib. which would read bsgril-b. pahi.}bhedena dvidhābhedo draṣṭavya: ||
kati kāmapratisaṃyuktāni | sarvāṇi samagrāṇi samuditāni | kati rūpaprati-
saṃyuktāni | sarveṣāmekadeśa: | kathaṃ tatra jarā draṣṭavyā | [5] ya: saṃskārāṇāṃ
śaikṣāṇi-nāśaikṣāṇi | saṃvāṇi | purāṇībhāvo ja [66 ka] rjarībhāva: || yathā
rūpapratisaṃyuktānyevamārūpyapratisaṃyuktāni | kati śaikṣāṇi | na kānicit ||
katyaśaikṣāṇi | na kānicit{2 So reads Tib. dge. ba. rnams. dan. lun. du. ma. bstan. pahi. But MS has added anivrta before avyakrta though it is not in Tib. which would read bsgril-b. pahi.} || kati[6]naiva śaikṣāṇi-nāśaikṣāṇi | sarvāṇi ||
yānyaṅgāni kuśalasāsravāṇi tāni kiṃ na śaikṣāṇi | pravṛttipatitatvāt{3 Tib. adds na yujyate (mi. run. ste.).}
na yujyate | śaikṣasya tu kuśalasāsravā dharmā: pravṛti [7] vairodhikā
vidyāpratyayāśca | kati srota āpannasya prahīṇāni vaktavyāni | sarveṣāmekadeśo
natu sākalyena kiñcit ||
yathā srota āpannasyaivaṃ sakṛdāgāmina: || [Tib. 125b. 1] katyaṅgānyanā-
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gāmina: prahīṇāni vaktavyāni | sarvāṇi kāmāvacarāṇi{1 Tib. hdod. pa. na. spyod. pa. ni. thams. cad. do. MS. sarvani 
kamavacaranam.} | rūpārūpyāva-
carāṇāṃ tvaniyama: ||
katyaṅgānyarhata: prahīṇāni vaktavyāni | sarvāṇi traidhātukāvacarāṇi{2 Tib. khams. gsum. na. spyod. pa. thams. cad. do. MS trailo (?) -kyavacarani.} ||
[sūtrāntasaṃgraha:]
[2] katibhirnirdeśai: pratītyasamutpādo nirdiśyate teṣu teṣu sūtrānteṣu | samā-
sata: ṣaḍbhi: | anulomanirdeśena pratilomanirdeśena ekadeśāṅganirdeśena [3]
sakalāṅganirdeśena kṛṣṇapakṣanirdeśena śuklapakṣanirdeśena ||
gambhīra: pratītyasamutpāda ukto bhagavatā | kathaṃ gambhīro veditavya: |
daśabhirākārai: pratītyasamutpādasya gambhīrārtho draṣṭavya:{3 Tib. zab. ba. par. ci. ltar. rig. par. (leaf broken) bya. ze. na.} | yadutā- [4]
nityārthaṃ du:khārthaṃ śūnyārthaṃ nairātmyārthaṃ cārabhya | tatrānityārthamārabhya
svabījācca [5] jāyante | parapratyayaṃ cāpekṣya parapratyayataśca jāyante | svabījaṃ
cāpekṣya svabījātparapratyayataśca jāyante | na ca bījapratyayayostajjananaṃ prati
kācidīhā vā ceṣṭā vā [6] vyāpāro vā vidyate | naca bījapratyayayorīhā
vā ceṣṭā vā vyāpāro vā vidyate | naca punastayorhetutvasāmarthyaṃ na vidyate |
anādi{4 Tib. adds. –kalat- (dus. nas.) after anadi-.}pratiṣiddhalakṣaṇāni cāṅgāni pratikṣaṇaṃ [7] ca nava{5 Tib. sar- ba. sar. bahi. for gsar. ba. gsar. bahi.}-nava-lakṣaṇāni
pravartante | kṣaṇabhaṅguraśca pratītyasamutpāda: | avasthitaprakāratayā{6 So the MS, but Tib. reads prakarataya (tshul. du.) for pracarataya.} ca khyāti |
tatra du:khārthamārabhya du:khaikarasalakṣaṇāni cāṅgāni [Tib. 126a. 1]
triprakāratayā ca khyānti | tatra śūnyārthamārabhya sattvakārakadu:khavirahitāni
cāṅgāni [2] tadavirahitānīva ca khyānti nirdiśyante ca ||
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tatra nairātmyamārabhyāsvatantranairātmyalakṣaṇāni cāṅgāni ātmalakṣaṇataśca
khyānti | nirabhilapyasvabhāvataśca [3] paramārthata: | abhilāpataśca svabhāvo'sya nirdiśyate ||
katibhirjñānai: pratītyasamutpādo jñātavya: | dvābhyāṃ{1 Not in Tib.} dharmasthitijñānena{2 Tib. chos. gnas. pa. ses. pa. dan.}
tattvajñānena{3 Tib. de. kho. na. ses. pa. nid. kyis.; Ms anvayajnane ca, and below two letters illegible.} ca | kathaṃ dharmasthitijñānena | [4] yathā bhagavatā prajñapta:{4 Tib. sthapita (bzag. pa.) for prajnapta in Tib. we may read brtags. pa.}
prakāśitastathā jñātavya: | kathaṃ tattva{5 See note 3 above}jñānena | yathā śaikṣā dṛṣṭapadā:{6 Tib. gzi which may mean in Skt. mula or agama. asraya, adhara.} (?)
paśyanti gambhīrārthena | yaduktaṃ | [5] na haiva mayā pratītyasamutpāda: kṛto
nāpyanyairapi tūtpādādvā tathāgatānāmanutpādādvā sthitaiveyaṃ{7 For – Veyam MS dhyeyam.} dharmatā dharmasthiti
{8 MS omits. ta found in the edition of the Lankavatara. See below.}dharmadhāturiti{9 Before - dhatu MS omite dharma (Tib. chos. kyi.). The line
quoted here occurs with slight variants in the Lankavatara-sutra,
pp 143-144. The same quotation is found also in the Sarvadarsana-
samgraha, Govt. Oriental Series. Poona, 1924, p 41 (2. 303) with
some variants Tib. adds at the end (gnas. paho) iyam sthitih.} |
[6] katamā dharmatā [katamā dharmasthiti:]{10 Omitted in Tib.} katamo dharmadhātu: | yānādikāla-
prasiddhatā sā dharmatā | yathā prasiddhasya yukte:{11 So the MS Tib. ji. ltar. grags. pa. da. (?) quite clear) rigs. pahi.} padavyañjanairvyavasthāpanā
dharma [7] sthiti: | tasyā: sthite: sā dharmatā hetu: | tasmāddheturityucyate ||
yaduktaṃ jātiścenna syādapi nu kasyacitkasmiṃścideva jāti: syāt | sarvaśo vā
jātyāmasatyāṃ jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ prajñāyeteti | [Tib. 126b. 1] kena
kāraṇeneha svabhāvapratyaya: svabhāva ukta: | sabījaphala-jātyadhikārād vijñānādīni
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vedanāvasānānyaṅgāni [66kha] [2] {1 MS adds here jatibijam not supported by Tib.}tadapyarthato jāti: | yasmiṃśca sati
paścāttānyeva phalabhūtāni bhavapratyayā jātirityucyate ||
evaṃ śiṣṭānyaṅgāni yathānirdiṣṭāni yathāyogaṃ draṣṭavyāni ||
[3] yathā sarveṣāmaṅgānāṃ nānyonyapratyayatvamuktaṃ kena kāraṇena nāmarūpa-
vijñānayoranyonyapratyayatvaṃ vyavasthāpyate | vijñānasya dṛṣṭe dharme nāmarūpapratyaya-
tvāt | nāparūpasya puna: [4] samparāye vijñānapratyayatvāt | tathāhi |
mātṛkukṣau pratisandhikāle anyonyapratyayatvādvijñānapratyayai{2 Lit. Tib. plural number; MS pratyayah.}rmātu: kukṣau
śukraśoṇitarūpaṃ [5]nāma parigṛhītaṃ kalalatvāya sammūrchate{3 For kalalatvasya Tib. arbudatvasya (mer. mer. po.), MS has kalakalatvaya^} | tannāmapratyayañca
punastadvijñānaṃ tatra pratiṣṭhāṃ labhate ||
kena kāraṇena bodhisattvasya kṛṣṇapakṣaṃ vyavalokayato vi [6] jñānātpratyu-
dāvartate mānasaṃ na tvanyebhyo’ṅgebhya: | yasmādetaddayamanyonyapratyayaṃ | tasya
yathā vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpa [7] pratyayaṃ vijñānaṃ vyavalokayato vijñānā-
tpratyudāvṛttaṃ | tadanyeṣu tvaṅgeṣu na tathā pratyudāvṛttaṃ | tatraikatrānyonyapratyayatva
[Tib. 127a. 1] saṃdarśanatayā tatpratyudāvṛttamityucyate | nivṛttipakṣe{4 Tib. paksa (phyogs. la.); MS laksane.} tu
nāmarūpe na paunarbhavikasya vijñānasya nivṛttiheturyena{5 So the MS but Tib. lit. tena (des. na.).} para: pratyavekṣitavān{6 After – hetur the MS has here yena parena pratyaveksitavan.
Evidently it is defective. Tib. has however des. na. gzan. yin. par.
brtags. pahi. phyir. This too, does not correspond well.} ||
kena kāraṇena [2] svayaṃkṛtāni na parakṛtāni nobhayakṛtāni nāpyahetu-
samutpannānyetānyaṅgānyucyante | utpattyuttarasattvāt | pratyayasya ca nirīha-
tvāt | pratyayasāmarthya [3] sadbhāvācca ||
kiṃ pratītyasamutpāde{7 Tib. rten. cin. hbrel. bar. hbyun. ba. las. MS -padaduhkhankura.} du:khāṅkurasthānīyaṃ kiṃ du:khāṅkuraparipālanasthānīyaṃ |
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kiṃ du:khavṛkṣasthānīyaṃ | avidyāsaṃskārapratyayā vijñānādayo [4] vedanā-
vasānā aṅkurasthānīyā: | tṛṣṇādayo vedanāpratyayā bhavāvasānā: paripālana-
sthānīyā draṣṭavyā: | jātirjarāmaraṇaṃ ca du:khavṛkṣasthānīyaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ | [5] katya-
ṅgāni varti{1 After vartti- Tib. adds – sara- (mar. me. snyin. po)}sthānīyāni draṣṭavyāni | vijñānādīni vedanāvasānāni |
katyaṅgāni snehasthānīyāni | avidyā saṃskārā [:] tṛṣṇā upādānaṃ [6]
bhavaśca | katyaṅgāni jvālāsthānīyāni draṣṭavyāni | jātirjarā maraṇaṃ ca |
[67 ka] kena kāraṇena kṛṣṇapakṣanirdeśata: pratītyasamutpāda ācaya{2 Tib. hphel. ba.} itpucyate |
kevalaṃ [7] du:kha-[skandhā] {3 Tib. phun. po. ; See below kevalam duhkhaskandha (Tib. sdng. bsnal. gyi. phun. po. hbah. zig.}vasānaphalatvāt, sarveṣāmaṅgānāṃ pratyayaṃ ca tacca (?)
tadanyāṅgā{4 Tib. de. las. gzan. pahi yan. lag. ni. de. las. gzan. pahi. yan. lag. rnams. rjes. su. hgro. bahi. phyir. for tadanyangatadanyanga-
nyanugamanat as supported by Tib. quoted above. MS. has tada-
nyanganyanugamanat.}nugamanāttadanyeṣāmaṅgānāṃ ||
kena kāraṇena śuklapakṣanirdeśata:{5 Tib. bstan. pas MS -nirdesah.} | [pratītyasamutpādo]’{6 Tib. rten. cin. hbrel. bar. hgyur. ba.}pacaya ityucyate |
uttarottaraprahāṇaparihāṇata: | [Tib. 127b. 1] kevalaṃ du:khaskandhāpacaya-
hetutvācca sarveṣāṃ ||
katyaṅgāni sahetukā dharmā ityucyante | prathamāni sapta | [2] katyaṅgāni
sahetukaṃ du:khamityucyante | tadanyāni pañca | katīnāmaṅgānāṃ nirodha āsravakṣaya-
prabhāvita: | trayāṇāṃ | katīnāmaṅgānāṃ nirodha: pratyaya [3] kṣayapra{7 MS omits pra.}bhāvita: | teṣāmeva
trayāṇāṃ tadanyāṃgapratyayabhūtatvāt | katīnāmaṃgānāṃ nirodha: vedanākṣayaprabhāvita:
prahīṇeṣu kleśeṣu [4] skandha{8 Tib. phun. po. but MS upari. for skandha.}nirodhakāla ihaiva sarvaveditoparamādekasya ||
kena kāraṇena saptasaptatirvijñānāni pratītyasamutpādamadhiṣṭhāya vyavasthāpyante |
sahetukasaṃkleśajñānodbhāvanārthaṃ ca [5] svasantatau svayaṃkṛta{9 Tib. samklesa (kun. nas. non. mons. pa.) for 
klesa.}kleśodbhāvanārthaṃ
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ca pūrvāntādaṅgānāmanādikāla{1 Here –kalatva is omitted in Tib.}tvodbhāvanārthaṃ ca [6] aparāntā{2 For aparanta (Tib. phyi. mahi. mthah) Tib. reads here purvanta (Tib. snon. gyi. mthah).}daṅgānāṃ
saṃkleśanivṛttyavakāśodbhāvanārthaṃ ca | aṅgāsaṃgṛhītasāsravaprajñāparijñodbhāva-
nārtha ca | ekaikasminnaṅge{3 In Tib. ekai^ nge not found.} saptaitāni kāraṇānyadhikṛtya [7] saptasaptatirvijñā-
nāni draṣṭavyāni ||
kena kāraṇena catuścatvāriṃśajjñānāni vyavasthāpyante | ekaikasminnaṅge catu-
rāryasatyaparīkṣāmadhikṛtya catuścatvāriṃśadbhavanti ||
[Tib. 128a. 1] tatra kāmadhātau jāto bhūta: kāmāvacareṇāśrayeṇordhva-
bhūmikaṃ cakṣu: śrotraṃ cābhinirharati | tena cādhobhūmikāni{4 Tib. adds here svabhumikani (ran. gi. sa. pahi).} ca rūpāṇi
[2] paśyati | śabdāṃśca śṛṇoti | traidhātukāvacaraṃ punarmanastenaivāśrayeṇa
saṃmukhīkarotyaparyāpannaṃ ca rūpārūpyadhātau jāto’dhobhūmikavarjyaṃ sarvaṃ
saṃmukhīkaroti yathaiva kāmadhātau ||
asya kalu [3] trividhasya saṃkleśasya kleśasaṃkleśasya [karmasaṃkleśasya]{5 Tib. las. kyi. kun. nas non. mnob.} janma-
saṃkleśasya ca prahāṇāya ṣaḍvidho’bhisamayo veditavya: | tadyathā | cintā-
[4]bhisamaya:{6 Tib. bsam. pahi. MS cittabhi-.} {7 Tib. dad. pahi. MS sraddha ?}śraddhābhisamaya: śīlābhisamayo’bhisamayajñānasatyābhisamayo-
‘bhisamāntikajñānasatyābhi [5] samayo niṣṭhā{8 For nistha in Tib. text thug. is wrongly repeated.}bhisamayaśca ||
yogācārabhūmau savitarkā savicārā avitarkā [vicāramātrā{9 Tib. rtog. pa. med. la. dpyod. pa. tsam. dan.}]
'avitarkāvicārā bhūmi:{10 Tib. adds pancami (lna. pa.).} samāptā{11 In fact here ends the third, fourth and fifth Bhumis.} ||