@i
MANUSCRIPT REMAINS OF
BUDDHIST LITERATURE
FOUND IN
EASTERN TURKESTAN
FACSIMILES
WITH TRANSCRIPTS TRANSLATIONS AND NOTES
EDITED IN CONJUNCTION WITH OTHER SCHOLARS
BY 
A. F. RUDOLF HOERNLE
C.I.E. M.A. OXON. PH.D.TUBINGEN
VOLUME I
PARTS I AND II MANUSCRIPTS IN SANSKRIT KHOTANESE
KUCHEAN TIBETAN AND CHINESE
WITH TWENTY-TWO PLATES
O X F O R D
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
1916
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VAJRACCHEDIKā
IN THE ORIGINAL SANSKRIT
Stein MS., No. D. III. 13b. (Plate XXI, No. 1, Fol. 14, Rev.)
EDITED BY F. E. PARGITER.
THIS is a fresh manuscript of the Vajracchedikā. The text of that work was
published by Max Muller, from manuscripts discovered in Japan, in the Anecdota
Oxoniensia (Aryan Series), vol. i, part i, in 1881. The manuscript, now published,
was discovered by Sir Aurel Stein in his first expedition to Eastern Turkestan in the
years 1900-1. As related by him in his Ancient Khotan, vol. i, p. 258, it was
dug out on the 23rd of December, 1900, from the ruins of a small ‘dwelling-place’
(id. p. 256) belonging to the ancient settlement of Dandān Uiliq; see also id.,
p. 295, and the same author’s Sand-buried Ruins of Khotan, p. 300. It was identified
by Dr. Hoernle as containing the text of the Vajracchedikā; and a notice of the
identification was published by him in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society for
1903, p. 364.
This manuscript is written on nineteen folios, long and narrow, of coarse country
paper, and each folio is about 39 cm. (15 ¼ inches) in length and 75 mm. (2 15/16 inches)
in width. It is in fairly good preservation, except that parts have perished or
decayed. The folios are numbered on the left margin of the obverse side, and
are all present except nos. 1, 3-5, and 12, which are wanting. A few of the folios
are nearly whole (nos. 11, 17, and 18), some have lost one or both ends (nos. 7, 8,
and 16), but most have perished more or less within the page, and present gaps
severing the paper in two, partially or completely (nos. 2, 6, 9, 10, 13-15, and 19).
In the transcript these gaps are enclosed within the mark. Where the paper
has not perished, the writing has suffered injury in many places, so as to show 
every stage of decay from merely slight defacement to total obliteration. The
folios which have suffered least are nos. 17 and 18, which are reproduced in
Plate CVIII in vol. ii of Sir Aurel Stein’s Ancient Khotan, while for the present
volume fol. 14b (shown in Plate XXI) has been selected, in order to give an idea
of the more common condition of the leaves of the manuscript.
Each page contains six lines of writing. The margin on the left side is
generally about 10 mm. (3/8 inch) broad, and on the right side about 7 mm. (1/4 inch).
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The writing thus occupies a length of about 37 cm. (14 1/3 inches). In every third
and fourth line on each page, at about 77 mm. (3 inches) from the left margin
of the writing, a blank space has been left about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) long, so as to
make altogether an open place of that length and of about the same height, for
the hole through which the string would pass which would hold the folios together.
This open space is of very great help in determining the position of the writing that
remains in folios in which both ends have perished. The letters have been written
with a broad reed pen and are large and well made. The largest such as thā 
and yā may be 13 mm. (1/2 inch) broad, and the smallest such as ra and va about
6 mm. (1/4 inch) broad. The size of ordinary letters is about 8 mm. (1/3 inch.), so
that on an average three letters go to every 25 mm. (1 inch) of space.
It is thus possible to calculate the number of letters that have been obliterated
in a decayed passage by carefully measuring its length, and to restore the text in
most places with the aid of the printed text with some degree of confidence. In all
such cases the restored text is printed in italics. These cases are of two kinds, those
in which the writing only has suffered damage, and those in which the paper and
writing have both perished. Passages of the first kind are dealt with according to
the degree of obliteration, thus: first, where the letters are but slightly defaced and 
can be read, italics are used; secondly, where the traces remaining of the letters
enable one to make out what they were with the aid of the printed text, the italics
are enclosed within round brackets; and thirdly, where the letters have disappeared
completely, if their number tallies with that in the printed text, the italics are
enclosed within square brackets; but, if the two do not tally, the number of lost letters
is indicated by an equal number of crosses. Passages of the second kind, where both
paper and writing have perished, are enclosed within the mark, and, if the gap can
be definitely filled up from the printed text, the restored text is printed in small
italics; but if the gap and the printed text do not tally, the number of lost letters
is indicated by an equal number of small crosses. The printed text has been an
invaluable aid throughout, and without it very little could have been done towards
reading the many passages where the MS. has suffered injury.
The MS. has been well written and contains very few errors that are merely
clerical, but its language is Sanskrit of poor literary quality and abounds with
irregularities and peculiarities of all kinds in both grammar and sandhi and even in
the forms of words, that indicate a strong Prākrit or vernacular element and
influence. These will be obvious on perusal, and it is unnecessary for me to
discuss them here. A very few of the most striking instances may be just
mentioned: pratiṣṭhihitvā for pratiṣṭhāya (fol. 2 b(v); cf. Pāli patiṭṭhahitvā 
in Childers’ Pāli Dict. p. 370 a), ugraheṣyati for udgraheṣyati (fol. 11 a, 1. iv), viyūbhā
for vyūhā (fol. 13 bv. vi) and pratyupasthāhe for pratyupatiṣṭhat (fol.19 a(iv)). Avagraha
@178
occurs often but is never indicated, and is definitely suggested only where final
a: appears as o before an initial tenuis or by the appearance of the following 
word: it is indicated here by an inverted apostrophe.’ Virāma is expressed in the
MS. by a circumflex placed over the letter, which is written small and placed a little
below the line: it is indicated here by the sign placed below the letter. The only
mark of punctuation in the MS. is a large dot, and it is so rendered here; but
a double dot, the usual sign of visarga, is used once as a mark of punctuation, after
bhāṣyate in fol. 6 b(v); and perhaps in nti: in fol. 15 b(vi).
The date of this MS. may be estimated approximately by means of the
copper-plate which was found inside the Nirvāṇa stūpa at Kasiā and which I have
deciphered at Dr. Hoernle’s request.{1 See JRAS., 1912, pp. 123, 125. It is published in the Annual Report, Arch. Survey of India, 1910-11, pp. 73 ff.} That plate may be assigned to the third
quarter of the fifth century A.D. because of the coins found with it. The writing
in this MS. is very much like that on the plate, though the characters here are
more squat and wider. The letters here are written with rather more flourish and
present a greater variety of form, thus the vowel-marks for ā, i and ū are made in
three, and those for e and ai in two ways; also the vowel o in bodhi has two shapes.
Two of the three forms for ā may be seen in yāvatā, in fol. 14b(iv) (reproduced on
Plate XXI, No. 1), and the third in mahāsāhasre, in fol. 18a(v) (Anc. Khot.,
P1. CVIII); the three forms of i, distinguished as i, iṃ^, and ī respectively, in ciṃ^tta-dhārā,
citta-dhārā, fol. 14b(v), and vālikā:, fol. 14 b(i); and those of ū distinguished as ū, u,
and ū respectively, in Subhūte fol. 14b(iv), Subhūte fol. 14b(ii), paripūrṇāṃ fol. 17b(vi)
(Anc. Khot., P1. CVIII).{2 [See Note, on p. 195.-R.H.]} The two forms of e may be seen in ucyate fol. 14b(v), and
just below it, in upalabhyate, fol. 14b(vi), those of ai differing similarly from each
other; while those of o will be seen in the word bodhi, in fol. 17b(iv) and bodhi in
fol. 17b(vi) (Ane. Khot., P1. CVIII), being distinguished as o# and o respectively.
Initial e also has two quite different shapes, one of which occurs only once clearly,
in evam in fol. 14b(iii), while the other is of frequent occurrence, as in fol. 17a(iii),
18a(vi)b(i). Also the letters a, ā, kh,bh, y, and l display each at least two slight
varieties in their forms; e.g. compare bh in bhaviṣyat, in fol. 17a(i) and in fol.
17a(v); and y, in yāva and ^yena in fol. 18a(vi). These features suggest that this MS.
is somewhat later than the copper-plate. Yet it cannot be much later, because
both the shapes of y (which is a test letter as regards the script) are of the tripartite
character. It seems therefore that this MS. may be assigned to about the end of
the fifth or the beginning of the sixth century A.D.
In its matter the MS. agrees of course in the main with the printed text, but
is less full. Sometimes there is close agreement, but at other times it varies
@179 
considerably, omitting sentences, or abbreviating them by the reduction of several 
cumulative expressions to one or two only, as will be seen from the first sentence.
In only one or two places does it seem to contain additional matter. It would
have been waste of labour and space to point out all the differences or even many of
them, and only passages where there are large variations have been noticed in the
footnotes.
For convenient use each page is printed as one paragraph, numbered with the
number of the folio and the addition of a for the obverse and b for the reverse; and
the beginning of each line in the page has been marked by a small roman numeral.
No translation is necessary here because there exists a translation of the
Vajracchedikā prepared by Max Muller, in the Sacred Books of the East, vol. xlix,
Part II, pp. 109 ff.{1 There is also, in the present volume, pp. 276 ff., a translation from the 
Khotanese, prepared by Professor Sten Konow.}
TEXT
(2a) itad{2 Begins at p. 20, 1. 1, of the printed text.} avocat āścaryaṃ Bhagavā yā[va]d [e]va (Tathā)gate-
(na bo)dhisatvā anuparigṛhītā: paramen{3. Not ṇ.}anugraheṇa
{4 Much more condensed than the printed text, cumulative expressions being
reduced to a single one, and several words omitted. The form parigrahetavya is 
used here ; compare fol. 18a(i).(ii)} Yāvad eva
Tathāgatena bo(ii) dhisatvā parinditā: paramayā parinda (nayā{4 Much more condensed than the printed text, cumulative expressions being
reduced to a single one, and several words omitted. The form parigrahetavya is 
used here ; compare fol. 18a(i). (ii).} Tat
kathaṃ Bhaga)vaṃ bodhisatva-yāna-saṃprasthitena sthātavyaṃ kathaṃ
cittaṃ pra grahetavyaṃ{4 Much more condensed than the printed text, cumulative expressions being
reduced to a single one, and several words omitted. The form parigrahetavya is
used here ; compare fol. 18a(i).(ii)} Sādhu sā(iii)dhu Bhagava {5 Bhagava is marked with 4 dots above and 5 beneath. It does not occur in
the printed text. These dots apparently indicate that it is an error here. Compare 
fol. 7 a(v), footnote 7, p. 182. [See p. 397 for a similar practice in Khotanese 
writing-R.H.]} Subhūte anupa  O{6 The circlet indicates where, in the original folios, stood the blank space
containing the string-hole, and intertupting lines iii and iv.}
rigṛhītās Tathāgatena bodhisatvā: paramen{3. Not ṇ.}anugraheṇa parindi-
tās Tathāgate(na bodhisa)(iv)tvā: paramayā parindana O{6 The circlet indicates where, in the original folios, stood the blank space
containing the string-hole, and interrupting lines iii and iv.} (yā{4 Much more condensed than the printed text, cumulative expressions being
reduced to a single one, and several words omitted. The form parigrahetavya is 
used here ; compare fol. 18a(i). (ii)} Tena)
hi Subhūte śṛṇu Sādhu ca suṣṭhu ca manasi kuru Bhāṣiṣye. Yathā
(bodhisa)tva-yāna- (v)saṃprasthitena sthātavyaṃ yath (ā) cittaṃ pragrahe 
tavyaṃ{7 Probably omitting yathā pratipattavyaṃ of the printed text. See note 4 above.} Evaṃ Bhagavān{8 Read Bhagavaṃ.} ity āyuṣmān Subhūtir Bhagavata: pra-
tya(śrauṣīt. Bhagavān avocat) (vi)Iha Subhūte bodhisatvena cittam utpā-
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dayitavyaṃ{1 The printed text has bodhisatva-yāna-saṃprasthiten-aivaṃ cittam utpādayitavyaṃ.}Yāvaṃta: satvā:{2 More condensed than the printed text.} aṇḍajā vā jarāyujā vā saṃsvedajā vā
(upapā)dukā vā .
(2b) (i)rūpiṇo{3 Begins at p. 20, 1. 18, of the printed text.} vā arūpiṇo vā saṃjñino vā asṃjñino vā naiva
saṃjñānopakā{4 The printed text has naiva saṃjñino nasaṃjñino.} vā . Yāvaṃta: satvā: prajñapyam(ānā:) prajñapyante{5 The printed text has the singular.}
te mayā sa(ii)rve anupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇa-dhātau parinirvāpayitavyā:
Evam aparimāṇāṃ ca satvāṃ parinirvāpayitvā na kaścit satva:
parinirvāpito (iii) bhavati. Tat kasya heto: Satva Osaṃjñā hi Subhūte
bodhisatvasya pravarteta na so bo#dhisatva iti vaktavya: Tat kasya
(het)o: Na Subhu(iv)te bodhisatvo yasyatma-saṃjñā{6. This agrees with the note in the printed text.} O pravarteta .
satva-saṃjñā vā. jīva-saṃjñā vā. pudgala-saṃjñā vā. Api tu Subhūte
(bodhisatvenavastu-)(v)pratipattito dānaṃ dātavyaṃ (na kva)cit pra
tiṣṭhi(tena dā)naṃ dātavyam Na śabda-gandha-rasa-spraṣṭavyeṣu prati-
ṣṭhihitvā dānaṃ dāta(vyaṃ) Evaṃ hi Subhūte vi(bo)dhisatvena dānaṃ
dātavyam ya[tḥ]ā (na nimitta)-saṃjñāyā (pratiṣṭhihe). Tat kasya heto:.
(Ya: Subhūte) bodhisatvo (‘pratiṣṭhi) to{7 That is apratiṣṭhito.}dānaṃ dadāti x
Folios Nos. 3-5 wanting.
(6a) (i)bhāṣitā:{8 Begins at p. 27, 1. 3, of the printed text.}. (Tad u)cyate kṣetra-viyū(bh)ā{9 Vyūha is written viyūha in fol. 13 b(v), and viyūbha in fol. 13b(v).(vi).} iti. (Tasmā) Subhūte
bodhisatvenaivaṃ pratiṣṭhitaṃ cittam utpādayitavyaṃ{10 Two sentences of the printed text are omitted after this.} Na śabda-
gandha-(ii)rasa-sparśa-pratiṣṭhitaṃ cittam utpādayitavyam [xxxxxxxx
xx{11 About ten letters are wanting here. The printed text is longer and reads 
Tad yathapi nama Subhūte puruṣo bhaved upetu-kāyo mahā-kāyo yat tasyaivaṃrūpa.}
ā](tma)-bhāva syāt tad yatha[pi]nāma Sumeru-parvbata-(iii)rājā.
Tat kin manyase SubhūOte Mahāṃ sa(:ātma-)bhāvo bhavet
{12 Two sentences of the printed text are omitted after this.} [Tat
kasya heto]r abhāva{13 The first letter is like ra; it does not suggest ātma. After this is a further mission.} sas Tathāgatena bhāṣi(tas) ta(iv)d ucyate
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(ā)tma-bhāva iti. O Na hi sa bhā{1 After bhā a small letter, apparently ta, appears which has a line through 
it, as if it were a mistake and were struck out.}[vo natma-bhāva:{2 Three sentences of the printed text are wanting here.}] Yāvanto hi{3 Read probably yāvanto hi, to correspond to tāvanto which follows.}
[Su](bhū)te Gaṃgāyā nadyā vālukās tāvanto (v)Gaṃgā-nadyo bhaveyu:
Tat kin manyase Subhūte{4 This sentence occurs a little earlier in the printed text.} Api [nu tā bahvyo bhaveyu: Aha Ta]ceva
tāva (Bhaga) vaṃ xx{5 These two letters are more than the printed text has. Read perhaps yatra.} bahvyo Gaṃ(gā-na)dyo (bha)(vi)veyu: prā(g e)va
tatra vālukā: ā[roca](yāmi te Subhūte) [pra](tivedayā)[mi te] xx
(x{6 This letter looks like su, so far as one can see from the traces of it.} te x) xxxxxx{7 For all this breakage the printed text reads yāvatyas tāsu Gaṃgā-nadiṣu,but 
the reading here seems to be different.} [vā](lukā)
(6b) (i)X{8 Begins at p. 27, 1. 20, of the printed text. This letter may be sa.}māsu vālukā: tā(vato loka-dhā)tu ra{9 This letter seems quite clear, though it does not appear to make sense.} Kaści strī vā (puru) ṣo
vā xxxxxxxxxxxx xx {10 Some 22 or 23 letters have been obliterated here, but the printed text is much longer.} (ii)āha . Evaṃ Bhagavaṃ bahu sa:
kula-putro vā kula-(duhitā vā) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx{11 There are some 20 akṣaras wanting; they may perhaps be tato puṇya-
skandhaṃ prasaveta Bhagavān āha Yaś ca ho puna:. Compare fol. 7 b(v) and 10 a(iii).} [Su](bhū-)
(iii) te tāvatā loka-dhātuṃ saptaO-ratna-paripūrṇaṃ [dā](naṃ da)[dyād
ya]ś ca [xxx{12 Read perhaps ho puna:, or Subhūte.}kula-putro] vā kula-duhitā vā xxx cātuṣpā(iv)dām api
gāthām udgṛhya paraOsya deśayet xxxxxxxx{13 Read perhaps saṃprakāśayet . ayam eva.}[ku]la-putreṇa kula-
duhitṛṇā{14 There are two letters broken away here, and they must be composed of the 
instrumental case of duhitṛ. Its instrumental form here would seem to be duhitṛṇā,
compare pitṛṇā in fol. 19b(v).This form fills the gap exactly.} vā bahutaraṃ (v)puṇya-skandhaṃ prasaveta. Api tu Subhūte
ya(smi)n pṛthivi-pradeśe dharma-paryāyā{15 Compare fol. 7 b(vi).} cātuṣpādā(ma)pi{16 The akṣara ma had been omitted, and has been inserted interlinearly above dā.} gāthāṃ
bhāṣyate : tena sa:(vi)pṛthivī-pradeśa: cāitya-bhūto bhaviṣyati. (sa) XXX
xxx vā xxxxxxx{17 In the first part of this gap read perhaps dev-asurasya lokasya.}(pā) ya xx (ya) xx (ya)imāṃ dharma-
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(7a)(i)paryāyaṃ{1 Begins at p. 28, 1. 13, of the printed text.} dhārayiṣyanti{2 Dhārayiṣyanti or vācayiṣyanti or paryavāpsyanti would fit this gap.} Paramena{3 Not ṇ apparently.} te satv{4 Compare fol. 8a(iii).}aścaryeṇa saman-
vāgatā bhaviṣyanti. [Tasmiṃ pṛthivī-pradeśe] śāstā viharaty anyatarā x
(ii)nyataro vā vijña-guru{5 This is the reading in the printed text and fits this gap.} sthānīya: Athayuṣmāṃ Subhūtir Bhagavantam
etad avocat Ko nāmayaṃ Bhagavaṃ dharma-paryāya: (iii)Kathaṃ cainaṃ
dhārayāmi O Evam ukte Bhagavān āyuṣmantaṃ Subhūtim etad avocat
Prajñā-pāramitā namayaṃ Su(iv)bhūte dharma-paryāya: E Ovaṃ 
cainaṃ kāmaṃ dhārayata. Tat kasya heto: Yā ceyaṃ prajñā-pāramitā
Tathāgatena (bhā) (v)ṣitā sā pāramitā{6 Or perhaps saiva bhāṣitā.} Tat kih[e]ṭo{7 There is a curve of three dots around the top and right side of heto. It seems
clear that the scribe first wrote tat kasya heto, but discovering his mistake enclosed
heto with the dots and then wrote n manyase; and this implies that he must have
altered tat kasya to tat ki.Dots around a word therefore indicate a mistake.} n manyase Subhūte
Api nu kaści dharmas Tathāgatena bhāṣita: Aha. No iti Bhaga(vi)vaṃ na
kaści dharmas Tathāgatena bhāṣita:{8 Two sentences of the printed text are omitted after this.} Yāvat Subhūte tṛ{9 Compare fol. 16 b(i), and fol. 18 a(v).}-sāhasra-mahā-
sāhasre loka-dhātau pṛthi(v)ī-raja: kiñcit
(7b)(i) tad{10 Begins at p. 29, 1. 7, of the printed text.} bahu bhavet āha Bahu Bhagavaṃ pṛthivī-rajo bha[vet yat
tad Bha]gavaṃ pṛthivī-rajas Tathāgate(na bh) āṣitaṃ. a-ra (jas tad
Bhagavaṃ) (ii) bhāṣitaṃ. Tad ucyate pṛthivī-raja iti. Yo so loka-dhātu:
a-dhātu sas Tathāgatena bhāṣitas Tad u(cyate loka-dhātu)r iti. Ta-
(iii)t kin manyase Subhūte Api Onu dvātriṇśar{11 Read perhaps ^triṇśair; but cf. śatānir in fol. 9 a(iv).} mahāpuruṣa-lakṣaṇais
Tathāgato ‘rhāṃ samyak-saṃbuddho (draṣṭavya:) ā(ha. No) iti Bha-
(iv) gavaṃ{12 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.}. Tat kasya heto: Yāni Otāni dvātriṃśa-mahāpuruṣa-lakṣaṇāni
Tathāgatena bhāṣitāny alakṣa(ṇā)ni (tāni) Tathā(gatena) (v) bhāṣitāni
xxx{13 Tad ucyate is too much for this space apparently.}dvātriṃśa-mahāpu(ruṣa)-lakṣaṇāniti. Yaś ca ho puna: Subhūte
strī vā puruṣo vā (Gaṃgā-nadī-vālikā-) xx{14 Read probably samā, n being in the next line.} (vi) xxxxxxxx{15 Read probably natmabhāvān dine dine.} pa (ritya)-
@183
je[t.]{1 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.} Yaś ceto dharma-paryāyā{2 For paryāyāc, final consonants being often omitted here.} catuṣpadikām api gāthām udgṛhya
parasya{3 Compare fol. 10b(i).} deśayet. Ayam eva{4 Read probably prakāśayet or Ayam eva.} ta-
(8a) (i) to{5 Begins at p. 30, 1. 2, of the printed text.} bahutaraṃ puṇya-skandhaṃ prasaveta Athayuṣmāṃ Su-
bhūti dharma-[vegenaśrū] ṇi prāmuñcat So’srūṇi pramṛjya Bhagavantam etad
a(ii)vocat . āścaryaṃ Bhagavaṃ{6 All this long double gap is exactly filled by what is in the printed text.} (pa)ram-a(ścaryaṃ Sugata) yāvad ayaṃ
Tathāgatena dharma-pa(ryāyo bhāṣi)ta:{7 Two clauses of the printed text are omitted after this.} Yato me (jñānam utpannaṃ
na ma)(iii) yā evaṃ-rūpo dharma-pa Oryāya: śruta-pūrva: Paramena{8 Not ṇ.} te
satv-aścaryeṇa samanvāgatā bhaviṣyanti. ye(i)[ha] (śutre) (iv) bhāṣyamāne{9 The printed text bhāṣyamāṇe śrutvā is a little too long for this space. Probably
omit śrutvā, compare fol. 8 b(v) ; and read bhāṣyamāṇe.}
bhūta-saṃjñā Om utpādayiṣyanti.Yaiṣā Bhagavaṃ bhūta-saṃjñā saiv-
asaṃjñā Tasmā Tathāgato bhā(ṣate Bhūta-)(v) saṃjñā bhūta-saṃjñā iti Na
mama Bhagavaṃ duṣkaraṃ yad aham imaṃ dharma-paryāyaṃ bhāṣya-
mānaṃ{8 Not ṇ.} nu avakalpayāmy a(ty{10 Yāmy a is clear and also dhi, but the letter between them is far from clear.
It appears to be a preposition containing a small consonant, prefixed to adhi, such 
as ati, anu or perhaps abhi.}a)dhimucyām vi Ye pi xxxxxxxx{11 The printed text is far longer than this space.}
xxx{12 What remains of these three letters looks like mināyā, but might possibly be
[pa]ścimāyā.} paṃcāśa(tyām{13 All this is more condensed than the printed text.} imaṃ dharma-paryāyam a)vakalpayiṣyanti{14 This varies from the printed text.}
a(dh)i xxix xxx (re)ṇa{15 Read probably adhimucyiṣyanti vistareṇa; this agrees with the traces that
remain of the first four letters. Pāli has the future form muccissati.} 
(8b)(i){16 Begins at p. 30, 1. 17, of the printed text.} xxxxxxx nt(i){17 Read perhaps ca parasya saṃprakāśayiṣyanti; compare fol. 10 b(i).} T(e) (pa)ram-aścārya-samanvā(gatābha-
viṣyanti) . Api tu ho puna: (Subhū)[te na teṣam ā]tma-saṃ jñā prava(rti)
(ii) ṣyati . Na satva-saṃjñā na jiva-saṃjñā pravartiṣyati na{18 [The superscript ri of ^rti^ has a peculiar sideward position, apparently to avoid
collision with ṣya of bhaviṣyati in the line above. See footnote 4, p. 168.-R.H.]} pudgala-saṃjñā
@184
pravartiṣyati{1 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.}. Tat kasya heto: (Yā sā ātma)-[saṃjñā] (saiva)saṃjñā
(iii) yā satva-saṃjñā yā jīva-{2 These akṣaras do not seem quite to fill up the space, and perhaps ca should
be read after the first yā.} Osaṃjñā yā pudgala-saṃjñā. saivasaṃjñā.
Tat kasya heto: Sarvba-saṃjña(pagatā) hi Bu(ddhā bhagavanta:)
(iv) Evam ukte Bhagavān āyu Oṣmantaṃ Subhūtim etad avocat Evam
etat Subhūte evam eta Subhūte Param-aśca(rya-samanvā)(v) gatās te
xxxxx{3 Read perhaps satvā Ye iha, see fol.8 a(iii).}sūtre bhāṣyamāne{4 Not ṇ.}notrasiṣyanti. na saṃtrasiṣyanti na saṃ-
trāsam āpatsyanti. [Ta](t kasya) heto: . Parama-(vi) pāramiteyaṃ Subhūte
Tathāgatena bhāṣitā{5 A sentence of the printed text is omitted here.} . Yā Tathāgatena parama-pāramitā bhāṣitā{6 The construction here differs from that of the printed text.} tām
xxxxxx bhāṣante{7 The printed text aparimāṇā api Buddhā Bhagavanto Bhāṣante is too long for this gap.}
(9a) i(Api{8 Begins at p. 31, 1. 9, of the printed text.} tu) Subhūte yā Tathāgatasya kṣānti-pāramitā saiv-
apāramitā. (Tat ka)sya heto:r{9 The : is a scribal blunder : see similarly fol. 13 b, footnote 9, p. 188.} Yadā (me Ka)[liṃga-rājā aṃga-] pra-
tyaṃga-māṃsāny acchai{10 The printed text exactly fits the gap.} (ii)tsī. nāsī me tasmiṃ samaye ātma-(saṃjñā
vā satva-jīva-pudgala-saṃ)jñā vā. na me kāci saṃjñā nasaṃjñā babhūva
(. Ta) t kasya heto: sa (iii)cen me Subhūte tasmiṃ sa (O maye) ā(tma-
saṃ)jñabhaviṣyat vyāpāda-saṃjñāmetasmiṃ samaye ‘bhaviṣya(t) [xxxx
xx{11 The printed text sacet sattva-saṃjñā jīva- is too long for this space. Perhaps,
following the analogy of line ii above, we might read sacet satva-jīvā- 
which would suit the space.} saṃ](iv)jñā. pudgala-saṃjñabhaviṣyat vyāo pāda-saṃjñāme tasmiṃ
samaye ‘bhaviṣyat Abhijānāmy ahaṃ Subhūte atīte ‘dhvani paṃ(ca-jāti-
śatāni)r{12. These syllables would ordinarily be a little too much for this space, but might
suit it, if written closely as many letters in this line are written. The r appears to 
be euphonic between i and the semi-vowel y; but cf. ^triṇśar in fol. 7b(iii).} yada(v)haṃ kṣānti-vādi ṛṣir babhūva Tatra me na (tma-saṃjñā
babhūva na) satva-saṃjñā. na jīva-saṃjñā. na pudgala-saṃjñā. Tasmā
tarhi Subhūte bodhisa(vi)tvena sarvba-saṃjñā vivarja yitvanuttarāyāṃ
samyak{12. These syllables would ordinarily be a little too much for this space, but might
suit it, if written closely as many letters in this line are written. The r appears to 
be euphonic between i and the semi-vowel y; but cf. ^triṇśar in fol. 7 b(iii).} [saṃ] (bodhau) ci(ttam utpāda)yitavyam Na rūpa-pratiṣṭhitaṃ
cittam utpādayitavyaṃ (Na śa)bda-(ga-)
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(9b)(i)(ndha{1 Begins at p. 32, 1. 2, of the printed text.}ra)[sa-spraṣṭavya]-(pratiṣṭhi) taṃ xxxxxx=u (tpādayita-
vyam) xxx (pra)[ti](ṣṭhitaṃ) [na] (caivapra)tiṣṭhānaṃ{2 All this is very much more condensed than the printed text, and it is not 
easy to fill in the blanks with any certainty.} Tasmā[d eva
Tathāgato bhāṣat]i{3 Bhāṣ is used here in the parasmaipada, see fol. 13a(v), and apparently in 
foll. 11 b(vi), 13b(iv),and 18 b(iii).}(na) x(ii)rūpa-pratiṣṭhitena bodhisatvena dānaṃ
(dāta)vyam{4 More condensed than the printed text.} Api tu Subhūte bodhisatvenaivaṃ dāna-parityāgaṃ pari-
tyajya sa(rvba-sa)tvā(nām arthāya) (iii)Yā caiva sā satva-saṃjñā saiva
O (saṃ)jñā. (Ya) ete sarvba-satvā Tathāgatena bhāṣitās ta evasatvā:
(bhūta-vād)i (Subhūte) [Tathā](iv)gata: satya-vādi Ta(tha)tā-vā{5 These letters may be a mistake for tathā-vādī, as the printed text has.} O Tathā-
(ga)ta: a-vitatha-vādī. Api tu Subhūte yathā Tathāgatena dharmo
‘bhisaṃ[buddho] (na ta)tra [sa](v)tyaṃ na mṛṣā. Tad yathā Subhūte
a ndhakāra-praviṣṭa: evaṃ vastu-patito bodhisatvo vaktavya: Yo
vastu-patito dānaṃ pa[rityajati Tad yathā] (vi)(Subhūte) puruṣo
(ca)[kṣuṣm]āṃ x{6 There appears to be room here requiring another akṣara.} pra bhātāyāṃ śurye ‘bhyudgate nānā-vividhāni rūpāṇi
paśyet evaṃ bo[dhisatvo] draṣṭavyo yo avastu-
(10a)(i)patito{7 Begins at p. 32, 1. 19, of the printed text.} dānaṃ paritya(jati). Api tu Su bhūte ye te kula (putrā 
vā . ku)la-duhitaro vā. ima(ṃ dharma-paryā) yam udgraheṣyanti{8 This is the probable form here, see foll. 10 b(iii), 11 a(iv), and 11 b(iii).}. dhāra-
yiṣya(ii)ntiṃ^. vācayiṣyanti. (paryav) āpsya (nti). jñātās te Tathāgatena.
dṛṣṭās te Tathāgatena. buddhās te Tathāgate(na){9 More condensed than the printed text.} sarve te satvā aprame-
yaṃ (iii)puṇya-skandhaṃ prasaviṣyanti. O Yo ‘yaṃ ca ho puna:
Subhūte strī vā puruṣo vā pūrvahna{10 Not ṇ.}-samaye. Gaṃgā-[nadī-vālikā-
samān{11 See the next line where this expression occurs again. These two passages 
supplement each other clearly.}ā](iv)tma-bhāvaṃ parityāgāṃ pa Oritya je . madhyahna-samaye
sāyahna-samaye. Gaṃgā-nadī-vālika-samān (ātma)bhāvaṃ paritya(v)gāṃ
parityajet{12 Much more condensed than the printed text.} Ane na xxx
{13 The printed text paryāyeṇa bahūni is longer than suits this gap, and here 
the construction is in the singular and not the plural.}ka lpa-ko[ṭ]i-śata-sāhasraṃ ātmabhāva-pari-
@186
tyāgaṃ parityajet Yaś cemaṃ dha(rma-paryāyaṃ śrutvā na pra-)
(vi)tiṃ^kṣipe[t aya] m eva bahutaraṃ puṇya-skandhaṃ {1 The reading here differs from the printed text.} prasaveta. (Ka):
(punar a xxx ṃ{1 The reading here differs from the printed text.}) Subhūte yo likhitvod(gṛhṇīyāt dhāra)ye. vā-
(10b) (i)caye{2 Begins at p. 33, 1. 12, of the printed text.}. paryavāpnuyāt parasya{3 The printed text has parebhyas here and elsewhere, but this MS.reads parasya 
in some cases, compare fol. 6 b(iv); and parebhya: later in other cases, compare
fol. 16 b(iii). Either word might be read here.} vistareṇa saṃprakā (śa)ye
Api tu Subhūte (acintyo ‘tu)lyo ‘yaṃ dharma-paryāya: (Ayaṃ ca) dharma-
paryāya: (ii)Tathāgatena bhāṣita: Agrayāna-saṃpra [sthitānāṃ sa](tvā-
nām arthāya). śreṣṭha-yāna-saṃprasthitānāṃ satvānām arthāya (Ye
imaṃ dha)rma-pa(iii)ryāyam udgraheṣyanti. dhāra O yiṣyanti. deśa-
yiṣyanti. vācayiṣyanti. paryavapsyanti{4 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.}. jñātā(s te) Tathāgatena (dṛ)ṣṭās
te Tathā(iv)gatena{4 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.}. Sarve te satvā prame ya-{5 The printed text has aprameyeṇa.}O puṇya-skandh(ena)
samanvāgatā bhaviṣyanti. Acintyenatulyena . aprameye(ṇa.) [amā-
pyena]{6 So probably.} (pu)(v)ṇya-skandhena samanvāgatā bhaviṣyanti (Sarve te)
satvā: xxyena{7 The printed text has samāṃśena, but the word here is different.} bodhin dhārayiṣyanti. Tat kasya heto:. Na hi X xxx
xxx{8 Read perhaps śakyaṃ Subhūte ayaṃ.} (vi)dharmo [h]ī[na]dhimuktikai: śro(tuṃ) natma-dṛṣṭikai: na
satva-dṛṣṭikai: na jīva-dṛṣṭikai: na pudgala-dṛṣṭikai: XX xxxxxxx{9 In this and the following gap the printed text has nearly twice as much matter.}
(11a) (i)xxxxxxx tuṃ{10 Begins at p. 34, 1. 7, of the printed text.} vā . vācayituṃ vā . paryavaptuṃ vā . naidaṃ
sthānaṃ vidyate . Api tu Subhūte yatra pṛthivī-prad[e]śe a(yaṃ) sūtr-
a(nto) prakā(ii)śiṣyate . pūjanīya: sa pṛthivī-pradeśo bhaviṣyati . sa-deva-
manuṣy-asurasya lokasya vandanīya: pradakṣiṇī-(karaṇīya)ś ca (sa pṛthi-)
(iii)vī-pradeśo bhaviṣyati . caitya Osa pṛthivī-pradeśo bhaviṃ^ṣyatiṃ^ . Ye te
Subhūte kula-putrā vā kula-duhitaro vā imān evaṃ-(iv)rūpa-sūtr-antān
ugraheṣyaOtiṃ^{11 The d is omitted, just as t in otrasiṣyanti for ottras^,fol. 8 b(v). [See footnote 17, p. 99.-R.H.]}. dhārayiṣyati
{12 The verb is in the singular.} . deśayiṣyati{12 The verb is in the singular.} . vācayiṣyati{12 The verb is in the singular.} . paryavap-
syati{13 The verb is in the singular. A line of the printed text is omitted after this}. Te paribhūtā bhaviṣya(v)nti . su-paribhūtāś ca bhaviṣyanti. Yāni
@187
teṣāṃ satvānāṃ pūrva-janmikāni karmāṇi kṛtāny apaya-saṃ(vartanī-
yāni .) tā(ni dṛṣṭa) (vi)eva dharme paribhū(tatayā) pūrva-janmikāny
aśubhāni karmāṇi XX xxxxxxxxxx{1 The printed text has kṣapayiṣyanti Buddha-bodhiṃ canuprāpsyanti; but this 
is two or three akṣaras too short to fill the gap.} (Abhijānā-)
(11b) (i)[m]y ahaṃ{2 Begins at p. 34, 1. 20, of the printed text.} Subhūte (a)tīte ‘dhvany a(saṃkhyeyai: kalpai:
asaṃ)khyeyatarai{3 The bottom portions only of these four akṣaras are discernible, but they agree with the reading khyeyatarai.}[r Dīpaṃkarasya] Tathāgatasya samyak-saṃbuddhasya
pareṇa caturaśīti{4 These words fill the gap exactly.} (ii)Buddha-koṭi-niyuta-śa[ta]-sahasrāṇi babhūva . Ye mayā
ārādhitā{5 This MS. has ^rādh^ in this and the following sentences. The printed text has ^rāg^.}. yaṃ ca mayā (Subhū)[te] xxxxxx [XXX{6 Read probably te Buddhā Bhagavanta ārādhitā, except that these words seem to be one akṣara too little.}na] (iii)viṃ^rādhitā
Yaṃ ca carimi Okāyāṃ paścimikāyā vartamānāyām{7 More condensed than the printed text.} imaṃ sūtr-antam
udgraheṣyanti . dhārayiṣyanti . vācayi(iv)ṣyanti . paryavapsyanti{8 A sentence of the printed text is omitted after this.}. Asya O
Subhūte puṇya-skandhasyantikād eṣa pūrvaka: puṇya-skandha: śati-
mām{9 Sic; the printed text has śatatamīm.} api kalāṃ no
(X{10 The character is a consonant without any trace of a vowel-mark. It resembles 
pa or ṣa, and must apparently be pa of the preposition upa. The reading is not 
upaiti as in the printed text. There is room for a small letter after this character,
such as mā if the ā is superscript. Perhaps the full reading may be upamāti, and 
upamā occurs in the next sentence of the printed text.})
(v)tiṃ^. sahasrimām api. śata-sahasritamām api .
koṭī-śata-sahasritamām api{11 More abbreviated than the printed text.} . saṃkhyām api . kalām api . gaṇanām api{12 The character does not appear to be pyu.}
(vi)(upan)i(ṣadam ap)i (na kṣama)te Sace Subhūte teṣāṃ kula-putrāṇāṃ
kula-duhitriṇāṃ vā puṇya-skandhaṃ bhāṣet yāvat te kula-pu-
Folio 12 wanting.
(13a) (i)m{13 Begins at p. 36, 1. 21, of the printed text.} a[bhisaṃbu]ddha[s Tas]m(ā) Dīpaṃ kareṇa Ta thāgatena
vyākṛto bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ mānav-anāgate ‘dhvani śākyamu(ni)r nāma
@188
Tathāgato ‘rhan sam (yak-saṃ)(ii)buddha: Tat kasya heto: Tathāgata
iti Subhū[te Bhūta]-tathatāyadhivacanam eva{1 Three lines of the printed text are omitted after this.}. Ya: kaści Subhūte
evaṃ vade Tathāga[tena](iii)rhatā samyak-saṃbuddhenanu Ottarā
samyak-saṃbodhim abhisa(ṃ)buddhā:{2 A line and a quarter of the printed text are omitted after this.} Nasti Subhūte sa kaści dharmo
yas Tathāgaten(an)uttarāṃ (iv)samyak-saṃbodhim abhisaṃ Obuddha:
Ya: Subhūte Tathāgatena dharmo ‘bhisaṃbuddha: na tatra satyaṃ na
mṛṣā Tasmā Tathāgato (v)bhāṣati sarvba-dhar[m]ā xxxxxx{3 The printed text reads here Buddha-dharmā iti Tat kasya heto:, but this MS. obviously varies here.}dhar[m]ā
sarvba-dharmā iti Subhūte Sarve te a{4 This letter is not clear; it might be tva or tu.}-dharmā Tad ucyante sarvba-
dharmā . Tad yathā Subhūte pu(vi)ruṣo bhaved upeta-kāyo mahā-kāya:
xx{5 There are two more letters here than the printed text has.} āyuṣmā Subhūtir āha . Yo so Bhagavaṃ Tathāgatena bhāṣi[ta:
u]pe(ta-kāyo ma-)
(13b) (i)hā-kāya:{6 Begins at p. 37, 1. 17, of the printed text.} āyuṣ[m]āṃxxxxxxx{7 The scribe seems to repeat himself here, and the words Subhūtir āha Yo so would exactly fill all this space.} (Bhagavaṃ) Tathāgatena
bhāṣita: upeta-kāyo mahā-kāya iti a-kāya: sas Tathā(ga)(ii)tena bhāṣita:
Ta[d] u[c]yate upetakāyo mahā-kāya. Evam etat Subhūte Yo bodhi-
satva: evaṃ vade. Ahaṃ satvāṃ parinirvā(iii)payiṣye . Na sa bodhisa-
O tvo vaktavya: Tat kasya heto: Asti hi Subhūte kaści dharmo yo
bodhisatvo nāma . Aha . No iti Bha(iv)gavaṃ{8 Two lines of the printed text are omitted after this.} Tasmā Tathāgato bhā O
ṣati ni:satvā sarvba-dharmā: nirjivā ni:ṣpudgalā:{9 The : is a scribal blunder; see fol. 9 a, footnote 9,p. 184.} Ya: Subhūte bodhi-
satvo evaṃ vade . Ahaṃ (v)kṣetra-viyūhāṃ niṣpādayiṣye . (vi) tatha[m
e]vaṃ kartavya: Tat kasya heto: Kṣetra-viyūbhā kṣetra-viyūbhā iti
Subhūte A viyū(vi)bhā sā Tathāgatena bhāṣitā Tad ucyate kṣetra-
viyūbhā iti . Ya: Subhūte bodhisatvo [n]airātma-dharmā nairātma-
dharmā: sa [Ta-]
(14a) (i)thāgaten{10 Begins at p. 38, 1. 10, of the printed text.}ar[hatā sa]myak-saṃbuddhena bodhisatvo bodhisa-
tva iti vaktavya: Tat kin manya(se Su)bhūte Saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya
@189
māṃ(ii)sa-cakṣu: āha. saṃvidyate Bhagavaṃ Tathāgatasya māṃsa-cakṣu:
Tat kin manyase Subhūte Saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya divya[ṃ] cakṣu:
ā(iii)ha . Evam eva Bhagavaṃ O saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya divyaṃ
cakṣu: Tat kin manyase Subhūte Saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya pra(iv)jñā-
cakṣu: āha . Eva O m eva Bhagavaṃ saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya prajñā-
cakṣu: Tat kin manyase Subhūte Saṃvidyate Tathā(v)gatasya dharma-
cakṣu: āha . Eva m eva Bhagavaṃ saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya dharma-
ca kṣu: Tat ki(n ma)nyase Subhūte Saṃvidyate Tathāgata(vi)sya buddha-
cakṣu: āha . Evam eva Bhagavaṃ saṃvidyate Tathāgatasya buddha-cakṣu:
Tat ki{1 This long gap can be restored with confidence according to the analogy of the 
preceding sentences and the printed text.}n manyase Subhūte Yāvantā Gaṃgāyā nadyā
(14b) (i)vālikā:{2 Begins at p. 39, 1. 4, of the printed text.} api nu tā vālikās Tathāgatena bhāṣitā: āha. Evam eva
Bha{3 Some of the letters that filled this gap have become impressed on the lower 
margin of fol. 15a, and can be discerned there upside down and reversed, namely,
th x x xbhāṣitā: āhaxvame. The text has been thus restored.}gavaṃ bhāṣitā Tathāgatena{4 See note(3); all these letters can be discerned on the lower margin of fol. 15a.} sā{5 This letter looks more like sā than tā.} (vā)li(ii)kā: Tat kin manyase
Subhūte Yāvantā Gaṃgāyā nadyā vā(lukās) tāvantā Gaṃgā nadyo
bhaveyu: Tatra yā vālukā: tāvata: loka-dhāta(iii)vo bhaveyu: Kici
bahava Os tā loka-dhātavo bhaveyu: āha . Evam eva Bhagavaṃ
bahavas tā loka-dhātavo bhaveyu: (iv)āha. Yāvatā Subhūte O teṣu
loka-dhātuṣu satvā teṣām ahaṃ nānā-bhāva-citta-dhārāṃ prajānāmi . Tat
kasya heto: (v)Ciṃ^tta-dhārā citta-dhārā iti Subhūte Adhārā eṣā Tathāgatena
bhāṣitā Tad ucyate citta-dhārā iti Ta(t kasya) he(vi)to: Attaṃ Subhūte
cittaṃ nopalabhyate. Anāgataṃ cittaṃ nopalabhyate. Pratyutpannaṃ
(cittaṃ no)palabhyate{6 This ends with line 14 on p. 39 of the printed text. For the following blank letter, see next note.}. X
(15a) (i)xxxxxx ya (i) ti {7 The following words Tat kin manyase agree and begin with 1. 15 on p. 39 
of the printed text, but these preceding words and the small gap at the end of 
fol. 14b seem to contain either additional matter which comes between 11. 14 and 15
of that text but does not appear there, or the words in the latter part of 1. 15, 
those words coming first and tat kin manyase being inserted parenthetically after
them. The latter supposition is improbable, because such a construction occurs 
nowhere else in this MS. and the word iti negatives it. Iti indicates the close of the
preceding discussion. Hence the former supposition seems right, and the gaps
contain additional matter not in the printed text.} Tat kin manyase ma(hāsā)hasraṃ
@190
loka-dhātuṃ sapta-ratna-paripūrṇaṃ xxxxxxxxxx (o)dā{1 This letter looks like ta,vā or dā, and judging from the printed text should be 
dā. The following gap can contain six average-sized or seven small letters. The 
whole passage should probably run thus, kṛtvā arhadbhya: samyak-saṃbuddhebhyo 
dānaṃ dadyād api nu sa. It is more abbreviated than the printed text.} (ii) xxxxxx
tato nidānaṃ bahu puṇya-skandhaṃ prasave(ta) . āha . Bahu Bhagavaṃ .
āha . xxxxxxx{2 This gap would contain the mark of punctuation (which always follows āha)
and seven letters. Read perhaps Evam etat Subhūte, the phrase of assent being
doubled in the printed text. It occurs doubled thus in fol. 8b(iv).} evam eva Su(iii)bhūte Bahu sa kula-putroOvā (ku)la.
duhitā vā tato nidānaṃ puṇya-skandhaṃ prasaveta{3 Two lines of the printed text are omitted after this.} . Sace ho puna:
Subhūte skandho ‘bhavi(iv)ṣyan na Tathāgato ‘bhāṣiOṣya puṇya-(skandha)
puṇya-skandha iti. Tat kin manyase Subhūte Rūpa-kāya-pariniṣpatyā
Tathāga(v) to dra ṣṭavya: āha. No iti Bhagavaṃ Na rūpa-kāya-
pariniṣpatyā Tathāgato draṣṭavya: Tat kasya he to: Rūpa-kāya-pariniṣpa-
(vi)ttī rūpa-kāya-parini[ṣpatt]ir iti A-par iniṣpattir eṣā Tathāgatena
bhāṣita: Tad ucyate Rūpa-kāya-pariniṣpattir iti .
(15b) (i) Tat{4 Begins at p. 40, 1. 13, of the printed text.} kin ma nyase Subhūte la (kṣaṇa)-saṃpadā yās{5 Saṃpadā is treated as the nomin. singular, see line ii. There are traces of the 
y; compare the same sentence in fol. 17a(iii.iv.)} Tathā-
gato draṣṭavya:{6 A line of the printed text is omitted after this.} Tat kasya heto: Yā sā lakṣaṇa-saṃpadā Tathāgatena
bhāṣitā lakṣa(ii)ṇa{7 According to the printed text these words should be read bhāṣitalakṣaṇa.} saṃpadeṣā{8 Or perhaps aiṣā, as it should be with saṃpadā. Compare a- saṃjñeṣā in fol. 19 a(v.)}Tathāgatena bhāṣitā: Tad uc(yate
la) kṣaṇa-saṃpadā iti. Tat kin manyase Subhūte Api nu Tathāgatasy
aivaṃ bhava(iii)ti Mayā dharmo deśito{9 A line and a half of the printed text are omitted after this.} Yo O mama Subh[ūte] evaṃ 
vade . Tathāgatena kaści dharmo xxxx{10 The words deśita iti are suggested by the printed text here, but seem rather 
too much for the space unless we read ity abhyā^.} abhyācakṣeta māṃ sa: Subhū-
(iv)te asat od[u]dgṛhītena{11 The prefix ud seems here to be superfluously repeated.}. O Tat kasya heto: Dharma-deśanā dharma-
@191
d[e]śanā iti Subhūte Nasti sa kaści dharmo yo dharma-deśa(v)nā xxx
xxxa{1 There is room for six akṣaras here, of which the last has the vowel ā apparently. 
Nāmopalabhyate of the printed text does not suit.} yuṣmāṃ Subhūtir Bhagavantam etad avocat Santi Bhaga-
vaṃ keci saṃtvā xxxxxxye ime evaṃ-(vi) rūpa-dharmān xxxx mānā x
nti: xx śraddhāsyanti{2 All this is much abbreviated, and it is difficult to offer more suggestions for filling up the gaps.}. Bhagavān āha . Na te Subhūte xxxxxxxxx
xxxx{3 Read probably satvā nasatvā Tat kasya heto:, yet there still remain three more
spaces for akṣaras, which are uncertain.}
(16a) (i)Sarva{4 Begins at p. 41, 1. 8, of the printed text.}-satvā sarvba satvā iti Subhūt[e] Asa(tvās te) Tathāga-
tena bhāṣitā Tad ucyate [sa]rvba-satvā iti . Tat kin manyase Su(ii)bhūte
Api nu kaści dharmas Tathāgatenanuttarāṃ samyak-saṃbodhim abhisaṃ-
buddha: āyuṣmāṃ Subhūtir āha No iti{5 Compare fol. 13 b(iii).} Bhaga(iii)vaṃ kaści dharma ya:
TathāOgatenanuttarāṃ samyak-saṃbodhim abhisaṃbuddha: Bhaga-
vān āha . xxxxxxxx{6 The printed text in doubling the phrase of assent suggests that we should read
here Evam etat Subhūte, but this seems to be one letter too short for the space. 
Compare the doubled phrase in fol. 8 b(iv).} (iv)evam eta Subhūte anuOr api tatra dharmo
na saṃvidyate nopalabhyate. Tad ucyate ‘nuttarā samyak-saṃbo-
dhi: Api tu Subhū(v)te sama: sa dharma: na tatra kiṃcid biṣamaṃ Tad
ucyate ‘nuttarā samyak-saṃbodhi: (n)airātme(na . nir)jīvatvena . ni:sa-
xxxxxxx{7 The printed text suggests the reading here should be tvatvena niṣpudgalatre, 
but this seems to be one letter too much for the space.} (vi)na . Samā sanuttarā samyak-saṃbodhi: sarvbe{8 For sarvbai:.} kuśalair
dharmair abhisaṃbudhyate . Kuśalā dharmā kuśalā dharmā iti Su-
bhūte [A-]
(16b) (i)dharmā{9 Begins at p. 41, 1. 20, of the printed text.}ceva te Tathāgatena bhāṣitā: Tad ucyante kuśalā
dharmā iti . Ye khalu Subhūte yāvanta: tṛ-sāhasra-mahā-sāhasre loka-
dhā(ii)tau Sumerava: parvbata-rājāna: tāvantān rāśīṃ saptānāṃ ratnā-
nām abhisaṃharitvā dānaṃ dadyād{10 More abbreviated than the printed text.} yaś caita: prajñā-pāramitāyā
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xxxx{1 The printed text has dharma-paryāyād, but that is too long for this gap.} (iii)cātuṣpadīm api gāthām uOdgṛhya parebhyo deśaye. asya
Subhūte puṇya-skandhasya eṣa pūrvaka: puṇya skandha: śatatamīṃ
(iv)kalā nopeti . upaniśāOm api na kṣamate . Tat kin manyase Subhūte
Api [nu] Tathāgatasyaivaṃ bhavati x{2 So the printed text, but there is room for one more akṣara.} mayā sa (v)tvā mocitā: Na ho
puṇa: Subhūte evaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ Tat kasya heto: Na Subhūte ka[ści
sa]tvo ‘sti yas Tathāgatena parimocita: (vi)Yadi puna: Subhūte kaścit satvo
bhavet yas Tathāgatena parimocito ‘bhaviṣyat sa [e]va Tathāgatasy
atma-grāho ‘bhaviṣyat
(17a) (i)(satva)-grāho{3 Begins at p. 42, 1. 12, of the printed text.}. jīva-grāha: pudgala-grāho ‘bhaviṣyat ātma-
grāha iti Subhūte agrāha eṣa Tathāgatena bhāṣita: Sa bāla-pṛ(ii)thag-
janair udgṛhīta: bāla-pṛthag-janā iti Subhūte a-janās te Tathāgatena
bhāṣitā: Tad ucyante bāla-pṛthag-janā iti (iii)Tat kin manyase Subhūte
LaOkṣaṇa-saṃpadāyās Tathāgato draṣṭavya: āha. Evam eva Bha-
gavaṃ lakṣaṇa-saṃpadāy(ās Ta)(iv)thāgato draṣṭavya:{4 This sentence differs altogether from the printed text; and three lines of that text are omitted after this.} āha. OSacet
puna: Subhūte lakṣaṇa-saṃpadāyās Tathāgato draṣṭavyo ‘bhaviṣyad
rājapi cakravarti Ta(v)thāgato ‘bhaviṣyat Tasmād alakṣaṇa-saṃpadāyās
Tathāgato draṣṭavya: āyuṣmāṃ Subhūtirāha. Yathahaṃ xxx{5 There are three more akṣaras here than the printed text has.} Bhaga-
vato (vi)bhāṣitasyartham ājānāmi . na lakṣaṇa-saṃpadāyās Tathāgato
draṣṭavya: Atha Bhagavāṃ tasyāṃ velāyām imāṃ gāthāṃ xxxx{6 The printed text has ime gāthe abhāṣata,but here only one verse is quoted, and
the verb would seem to be (reading on into fol. 17b) some irregular form like
abhāṣiṣīt. Bhāṣ is used here in the parasmaipada, see fol. 13a (v). Still one akṣara 
would remain blank.}
(17b) (i)sīt {7 Begins at p. 43, 1. 5, of the printed text.} Ye māṃ rūpeṇa adrākṣ(i){8 The kṣ has a vowel-mark above but none beneath. Adrākṣīt seems to be
intended. Grammatical irregularities occur here frequently.} Ye māṃ (ghoṣeṇa) anvayu:
mithyā-prahāṇa-prasṛtā na maṃ{9 The letter seems to be maṃ or mā, but not māṃ.} dra[kṣya](nti) te (na)rā: Tat kin
manyase Subhūte La(ii)kṣaṇa-saṃpadāyā Tathāgatenanu(tta)rā samyak-
saṃbodhi(m abhisaṃ)buddhā: Na ho puna: Subhū(te evaṃ) draṣṭavyaṃ
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Na Subhūte lakṣaṇa-saṃ (pa)(iii)dāyās TathāgatenanuOttarā samyak-
saṃbodhim abhisaṃbuddhā: syāt khalu evam asyā{1 This seems to be intended for a negative verb a-syāt; compare a-gacchati in fol. 18 a(iii).} Bodhisatva-yāna-
(saṃprasthi)tena sa(iv)tvena kasyaci dharmasya vināOśa: prajñapta:
ucchedo vā . Na ho punas te Subhūte evaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ Na bodhi-
satva-yāna-saṃprasthi(v)tena satvena kasyaci dharmasya vināśa: prajña-
pta: nocchedaṃ vā . Ya: khalu puna: Subhūte Gaṃgā-nadī-vālukā-
samāṃ loka-dhātuṃ (vi)sapta-ratna-paripūrṇāṃ kṛtvā dānaṃ dadyād{2 More abbreviated than the printed text.}
yaś ca bodhisatvo nairātmeṣu anutpattikeṣu dharmeṣu kṣāntim pratila-
bheta. Ayam eva te (dā)[naṃ]{3 The printed text has Ayam eva tato nidānaṃ.}
(18a) (i)bahutaraṃ{4 Begins at p. 44, 1. 1, of the printed text.} puṇya-skandhaṃ prasaveta. Na ho puna: Subhūte
bodhi[satve] na puṇya-skandha: parigrahetavya: āha. Nanu Bhagavaṃ pu{5 These words which nearly agree with the printed text exactly fit this long gap.}
(ṇya)-(ii)skandha: parigrahetavyo . Bhagavān āha . Parigrahetavya: Su-
bhūte (nogra)[hetavya: Tad ucya] te pari [grahetavya: Api tu{6 These words fit this gap and agree with the printed text, except that
tad ucyate always stands in this MS. for tenocyate of the printed text, and iti is 
omitted as it is often in this MS.}] Subhūte
[ya]: (iii)kaścid evaṃ vade . TathāgaOto gacchati vagacchati vā . tiṣṭhati
vā . (ni)ṣīdati vā . [śayyāṃ]v(ā kalpaya)ti na me sa: bhāṣi(iv)tasyartham
ājānāti. TaOt kasya heto: Tathāgata iti Subhūte ca{7 The printed text has na, but the letter here resembles ca or da and not na.}kvacid āgata:
a-kvacid gata: Tasmād ucyate Tathā(v)gato ‘rhāṃ samyak-saṃbuddha:
Ya: khalu puna: Subhūte kula-putro vā. kula-duhitā vā. yāvanti
tṛ-sāhasra-mahāsāhasre loka-dhātau (vi)pṛthivī-rajāṃsi sa evaṃ-rūpāṃ
maṣiṃ kuryā yāva evasaṃkhyeyena . Tad yathā nāma paramaṇu-
saṃcaya: Tat kin manya[se]Subhū-
(18b) (i)te{8 Begins at p. 44, 1. 15, of the printed text.} Api tu sa paramāṇu-saṃcayo bhavet āha. Evam eva
Bhagavaṃ Bahu sa paramāṇu-saṃcayo bhavet Tat kasya heto: Sace
Bhagavaṃ (sa)[ṃ](ii)(ca)yo ‘bhaviṣya na Bhagavāṃ ‘bhāṣiṣyaṃ paramāṇu-
saṃcaya iti . Tat kasya heto Yo so Bhagavatā paramaṇu-saṃcayo
@194
bh[āṣita:] a-[saṃ](iii)caya: sa Bhagavatā bhāṣiOta: Tad ucyate para-
maṇu-saṃcaya iti. Yaṃ ca Tathāgato bhāṣati mahāsa[ha]sro (loka-)
(iv)dhātu: a-dhātu sas TathāgaOtena bhāṣita: Tad ucyate mahāsahasro
loka-dhātu: Tat kasya heto: Sace Bhaga[va]ṃ dhātur a(v)bhaviṣyat sa
caiva piṇḍa-grāho ‘bhaviṣya . Yaś caiva Tathāgatena piṇḍa-grāho
bhāṣita: (a)-[grā]ha sas Tathāgatena bhāṣita: Ta(vi)d ucyate piṇḍa-grāha
iti . Bhagavān āha Piṇḍa-grāhaś caiva vyavahāro Subhūte ‘nabhilapya:
Na sa dharmo nadharma: Sa ca bāla-{1 The words of the printed text fill the gap exactly. It also reads avyavahāro.}
(19a) (i)pṛthag{2 Begins at p. 45, 1. 7, of the printed text.}-janair udgṛ(hī)ta xxxxxxxx{3 Judging from the printed text the words in this blank might be either ya: 
kaści Subhūte evaṃ, or Tat kasya heto: Ya evaṃ. The latter seems less probable
because tat kasya heto: is omitted in the Japan MS. as noted in the printed text.} vade . ātma-dṛṣṭis
Tathāgatena bhāṣitā: satva-dṛṣṭi: jīva-dṛṣṭi: pudgala-dṛṣṭi: x{4 There seems to be one more syllable here than in the printed text.} Ta-
(ii)thāgatena bhāṣitā Api nu samyag vada māno vade. Subhūtir āha{5 A line of the printed text is omitted after this.} .
Yā sā Bhagavaṃ ātma-dṛṣṭis Tathā[ga]tena bhāṣitā: x (iii)a-dṛṣṭi: sā
Tathāgate Ona bhāṣitā Tad ucyate ātma-dṛṣṭir iti. Evaṃ Subhūte
bodhisatva-yāna-saṃprasthitena sarvba-dharmā (iv)jñātavyā draṣṭavyā.
adhi O (ṣṭhita)vyā{6 So the word appears to be.}. (Ya)thā na dharma-saṃjñā pratyupasthāhe . Tat
kasya heto Dharma-(saṃjñā) dharma-saṃjñā iti Subhū(v)te a-saṃjñeṣā
Tathāga(tena) bhāṣi (tā) Tad ucyate dharma-saṃjñeti. Ya: khalu
Subhūte bodhisatvo (mahāsa) tvo xxxxxx{7 Read perhaps pramey-asaṃkhyeyāṃ.} loka-dhātuṃ (vi)sapta-(ratna-
par)ip(urṇāṃ) xxxx{8 Read perhaps parityāgam; see fol. 9 b(ii), and fol. 10a(iv.v.)} parityaje . d{9 The punctuation here is out of place.} yaś ca kula-putro vā . kula-duhitā
vā(i) ta: prajñā-pāramitāyā dharma-paryāyā cātuṣpa-{10 For cātuṣpadim, see fol. 16 b(iii).}
(19b) (i)[dī]m {11 Begins at p. 46, 1. 1, of the printed text.} api gāthām udgṛ(hya) dhāraye . [deśaye. vā](ca)ye
[paryavapnuyāt parebhyaś{12 Such traces of the letters as remain agree with this reading.}] (ca vistar) eṇa saṃprakāśayed ayaṃ tato
bahutaraṃ puṇya- (ii)(ska)ndhaṃ prasavet Katha[ṃ] ca saṃprakāśa-
@195
(yed ya)thā nakāśaye . Tad ucyate saṃprakāśaṃyet {1 The printed text puts this after the verse quoted here.} Tāra[kā timi]-
raṃ dipo māy-avaśyāya-budbudaṃ svapa(iii)naṃ vidyud abhraṃ ca evaṃ
draṣ)[ṭa] O vya[ṃ] saṃs(kṛtaṃ) Idam avoca Bhagavā[n ā]ttamanā
Sthavira-(Subhū)[tis te] ca bhikṣu-bhikṣuṇy-upasak-opa (iv)(sikā) . sa-deva-
gandharvba-Omānu ṣ-asuraś ca[l]oko Bhagavato bhāṣitām abhya-
nandur iti. āddhyaṣṭama Bhagavatī ārya-Vajracchedi(v)kā prajñā-
pāramitā samāptā x(ya) siddhix ya{2 These letters must apparently contain some woman’s name, because the word 
‘husband’ follows.}. saha bhartari Nandiṃbalena .
saha pitṛṇā e{3 This letter is not like the e always used in this MS. but resembles that in 
evam in fol. 14 b(iii).}XXXXXXXX xxxx (vi)[XXāX] balena . (sa) haxxxxxxx
(n)ena . saha (Ne)salena . saha SaṃcaXtyo . sa(ha X sarvba-satv)[ai:
XXXX] xx
[Note to p. 178. The forms ū and u occur only with bh (in the proportion of
103 : 12); and u, in a slightly modified form, occurs also with r (see, e.g., rūpeṇa, 
fol. 17 b(i), in Ancient Khotan, Plate CVIII); while the form u occurs with p, s, and 
y. All three forms are found also in the manuscript of the Saddharma-puṇḍarīka,
edited by Professor Luders, pp. 144 ff. In that manuscript, indeed, all, or most of
the other varieties of vowel signs have been noticed; see pp.140-2. The forms ū,u
(in the rū variety), and u are the fourth, second, and first, respectively, of Professor
Luders’ enumeration. Of his third form there is no example in the Vajracchedikā.—R. H.]