@i

bauddha-saṃskrta-granthāvalī -10

##Buddhist Sanskrit Texts-No. 10##

@ii

##Buddhist Sanskrit Texts-No. 10##
madhyamakaśāstra 

##OF## 

nāgārjuna 

##WITH THE COMMENTARY:##

prasannapadā  ##BY  CANDRAKIRTI

First Edition 

Edited by 

Dr. P.L. VAIDYA 

Second Edition 

Edited by 

Dr. SHRIDHAR TRIPATHI 

Published by 

THE MITHILA INSTITUTE 

OF 

POST-GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH 

IN SANSKRIT LEARNING 

DARBHANGA## 

1987

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bauddha-saṃskrta-granthāvalī-10
nāgārjunīyaṃ 

madhyamakaśāstram | 

ācāryacandrakīrtiviracitayā prasannapadākhyavyākhyayā saṃvalitam | 

vaidyopāhvaśrīparaśurāmaśarmaṇā 

kārikāsū vī-granthādisūcī-ṭippaṇyādibhi: saṃskrtam | 

dvitīyasaṃskaraṇam

ḍā.c^ śrīdharatripāṭhinā sampāditam | 

darabhaṅgāstha- 

mithilāvidyāpīṭhena parkāśitam | 

śakābda: 1909 saṃvat 2044 aiśavīyābda: 1987

@iv

##Copies of this Volume can be had from your usual Bookseller or from 

The Director, Mithila Institute, Darbhanga, on pre-payment 

of Rs. 49.00 either in cash, Postal Order or M. O. 

Printed by R. S. Pandya at the Tara Printing Works, Varanasi 

and Published by Dr. S. Tripathi, Director, 

MITHILA INSTITUTE, Darbhanga, Bihar.## 

@v

##The Government of Bihar established the Mithila 

Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit 

Learning at Darbhanga in 1951 with the object, inter alia, to 

promote advanced studies and research in Sanskrit Learning 

to bring together the traditional pandits with their profound 

learning and the modern scholars with their technique of 

research and investigation, and to publish work of perma- 

nent value to scholars. This institute is one of the five 

others planned by this Government as a token of their 

homage to the tradition of learning and scholarship for 

which ancient Bihar was noted. Apart from the Mithila 

Institute, four others have been established and have been 

doing useful work during the last eighteen or nineteen 

years-Nalanda Institute of Research and Post-Graduate 

studies in Buddhist Learning and Pali at Nalanda, K. P. 

Jaisawal Research Institute at Patna, the Bihar Rashtra 

Bhasha Parishad for Research and Advanced Studies in Hindi 

at Patna, and the Vaishali Institute for Post-Graduate 

Studies in Prakrit and Jainology at Vaishali. In the establish-
ment of the Mithila Institute the State Government received 

a generous donation from Maharajadhiraja of Darbhanga 

for construction of the building on a plot of land also 

donated by him. 

2. As part of this programme of rehabilitating and 

reorientating ancient learning and scholarship, the editing 

and publication of this volume have been undertaken with 

the co-operation of scholars in Bihar and outside. The 

Government of Bihar hope to continue to sponsor such 

projects and trust that this humble service to the World of 

scholarship and learning would bear fruit in the fullness of 

time. ##

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[BLANK]

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anukramaṇikā 

##Introduction in English and Hindi ix

Abbreviations## … xli

1 pratyayaparīkṡā …. 1

2 gatāgataparīkṡā …. 37

3 cakṡurādīndriyaparīkṡā …. 48

4 skandhaparīkṡā …. 53

5 dhātuparīkṡā …. 57

6 rāgaraktaparīkṡā …. 62

7 saṃskrtaparīkṡā …. 66 

8 karmakārakaparīkṡā …. 84

9 pūrvaparīkṡā …. 91 

10 agnīndhanaparīkṡā …. 97

11 pūrvāparakoṭiparīkṡā …. 107 

12 du:khaparokṡā …. 112

13 saṃskāraparīkṡā …. 117 

14 saṃsargaparīkṡā …. 123

15 svabhāvaparīkṡā …. 128

16 bandhamokṡaparīkṡā …. 138 

17 karmaphalaparīkṡā …. 148

18 ātmaparīkṡā …. 163

19 kālaparīkṡā …. 183

20 sāmagrīparīkṡā …. 188 

21 saṃbhavavibhavaparīkṡā …. 199 

22 tathāgataparīkṡā …. 210 

23 viparyāsaparīkṡā …. 221 

24 āryasatyaparīkṡā …. 234

@viii

25 nirvāṇaparīkṡā …. 255 

26 dvādaśāṅgaparīkṡā …. 267

27 drṡṭiparīkṡā …. 280

prathamaṃ pariśiṡṭam-kārikāsūcī …. 293

dvitīyaṃ pariśiṡṭam-uddhrtapadyāṃśasūcī …. 299 

trtīyaṃ pariśiṡṭam-uddhrtagadyāṃśasūcī …. 304

caturthaṃ pariśiṡṭam-grantha-granthakrnnāmasūcī …. 306

pañcamaṃ pariśiṡṭam-vigrahavyāvartanī saṭīkā …. 309

ṡaṡṭhaṃ pariśiṡṭam-ratnāvalī .... 330

Critical Notes …. 349## 

@ix 

śūnyavāda

##By 

Dr. S. Bagchi 

CHRONOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

Though## nāgārjuna ##is probably the first systematizer 

of## śūnyavāda ##which we call the## mādhyamikadarśana, ##it is 

perfectly legitimate to presume that this doctrine was 

current among the## mahāyāna ##Buddhists for a long time 

before his advent. In the Buddhist## āgamas, ##viz. the##

prajñāpāramitā, ##the## laṅkāvatārasūtra ##and others, the 

doctrine of## śūnyatā ##has been broached and treated of in a 

laconic and desultory manner. But the## āgama ##is written 

in a diffuse style of the## purāṇas ##in which philosophical 

matters are entangled with religious dogmas. It is difficult

to draw a definite conclusion as to whether it is the doctrine 

of## śūnyavāda ##or## vijñānavāda ##that is preached in these 

works. It is an intriguing matter that both the exponents 

of## vijñānavāda ##and## śūnyavāda ##have drawn upon these 

source books in confirmation of their philosophical con- 

clusions. The## laṅkāvātara ##contains long passages which 

lend countenance to the idealistic view that consciousness 

is the ultimate reality. On the other hand there are 

passages in it which have definite link with## śūnyavāda-

##Absolute Negativism. These## āgamas ##play the same role as 

the## upaniṡads ##in the evolution of the schools of the## vedānta 

##philosophy with their uncompromising rivalry. 

It is also presumable that## nāgārjuna ##may have had 

predecessors who tried to systematize the tenets of## śūnya-

vāda ##in the style of professional philosophers.## śūnyavāda 

##has been discussed and criticized in the## nyāyasūtra ##of## 

akṡapāda ##and it is quite natural to assume that the doctrine 

criticized was sponsored by## nāgārjuna ##for the first time.## 

nāgārjuna ##has also quoted from the## nyāyasūtra. ##In the##

@x

vigrahavyāvartanī ##he has criticized the## nyāya ##theory. In 

the state of our present  knowledge which is confined to the 

available works of## nāgārjuna ##and the## nyāyasūtra, ##it is not

far from risk to assign priority or posteriority to  these two 

authors. It is definite that the## mahāyāna ##schools of##

yogācāra-vijñānavāda ##and## śūnyavāda ##were linked into 

shape in the early Christian era, if not before. The word## 

śūnyatā ##or## śūnya ##is also found in the## pāli nikāyas, ##though 

its connotation is a matter of dispute. We must wait for 

further light which may be derived from fresh discovery of 

old texts. The chances, however, are very remote. We 

have to remain content with this atmosphere of chronolo- 

gical uncertainty and to be on the safe side, it is expedient 

to keep our judgement in reserve.## 

mādhyamika ##PHILOSOPHY OF## nāgārjuna

##Let us now consider the## mādhyamikakārikā ##of## 

nāgārjuna ##It is a pity that the auto-commentary of ## 

nāgārjuna ##called## akutobhayā ##on his## kārikā ##and the com- 

mentaries of## buddhapālita ##and## bhāvaviveka ##are lost in 

original. They are preserved in Tibetan translation. The## 

mādhyamika ##school was latterly divided into## svātantrika 

##sub-school sponsored by## bhāvaviveka ##or Bhavya and the## 

prāsaṅgika ##school of## buddhapālita ##and## candrakīrti. ##A fragment of## bhāvaviveka’ ##s## tarkajvālā ##has been discovered 

and also edited with an English annotation by Dr. V. V. 

Gokhale of Delhi University. From the portions published, 

it is not easy to deduce the philosophical position of## 

bhāvaviveka. ##It appears from the article of Professor 

Y. Kajiyama, published in the Research Publication Vol. 1 

of Nava-Nalanda-Mahavihara that the difference between 

the two## mādhyamika ##schools is more logical than meta- 

physical. The critical problem concerning the## mādhyamika 

##school is the determination of the nature and content of## 

śūnyatā. ##Dr. Satkari Mookerjee, the greatest living 

authority on Indian Philosophy has made this pertinent 

observation:## candrakīrti, the commentator of## nāgārjuna, 

@xi

##whose original work in## sanskrīt ##has come down to us, does

not seem to leave any loophole to foist a positivistic inter- 

pretation upon the concept of## śūnyatā, {1. ##Introduction to The Absolutist’s standpoint In Logic, P. 3.} 

the issue in a nutshell is whether## śūnyatā ##means 

absolute unqualified negation or affirmation of a positive 

reality. Dr. Suzuki, Prof. Stcherbatsky, and Prof. T. R. V. 

Murti are of oplnion that## śūnyatā ##is not a pure voidity. 

The## yogācāra ##philosophers such as## asaṅga ##and Vasubandhu 

on the contrary have criticized the doctrine of Absolute 

Negation and assert the reality of transcendental conscious- 

ness bereft of subject-object polarization. They call it non- 

dual consciousness ## (advaya-jñāna). ##It is extremely unsafe to 

voice the hypothesis that## nāgārjuna ##was a Negativist or 

Positivist. It is however clear that## śūnyatā ##is not regarded 

by## nāgārjuna ##as of the nature of consciousness. It is 

definite that the latter orthodox exponents of the## mādhyamika 

##doctrine, viz## candrakīrti ##and## prajñākaramati-##the 

commentator on the## bodhicaryāvatāra ##(Chapter 1) are 

vehemently opposed to concept of pure contentless 

consciousness.##

candrakīrti’s prasannapadā ##was discovered and edited 

by Professor De la Vallee Poussin. He thoroughly exploited 

the Tibetan translation and for the first time presented a 

materially correct text. The edition of the## mādhyamikārikā 

##with## candrakīrti’s ##commentary by the late Saratchandra 

Shastri was full of corruptions. The present text has been 

prepared by Dr. P. L. Vaidya, the former Director of the 

Mithila Research Institute on the basis of Poussin’s edition.##

nāgārjuna’s kārikās ##have been elaborately explained 

by## candrakīrti ##and his commentary is intelligible even to a 

person possessing a modicum of knowledge of## mahāyāna 

##Buddhism. It is obviously needless to point out that his 

exposition is to be understood as that of the## prāsaṅgika 
@xii

##school and its unequivocal mode of expression seals the path 

for palming off a positivistic construction on the text. 

The matters of historical interest have been touched 

upon by Dr. P. L. Vaidya in his Introduction and it is in the 

same position of uncertainty as the chronology of older 

writers. What is of central importance to a student of 

Indian Philosophy is the logical assessment of the philoso- 

phical position of## nāgārjuna. ##If ## candrakīrti ##be a faithful 

exponent, it may be asserted more or less categorically that## 

śūnyatā ##is not a positive concept. Dr. Vaidya has alluded 

to the similarity of## śūnyatā ##and## māyāvāda. ## I am not so 

categorically sure as Dr. Vaidya seems to be that## śaṅkara’s 

māyāvāda ##is derived from## nāgārjuna’s ##conception of## 

śūnyatā. ##Rival philosophers have censured## śaṅkara ##by the 

designation of crypto-Buddhist. The relative positions of 

philosophers are to be determined with a detached mind 

free from all preconceptions.## śrīharṡa ##and his commentator## 

ānandapūrṇa ##have raised the issue of lender and borrower.## {1. khṇḍanakhaṇḍakhādya, ##P.## 125.} 

śaṅkarācārya ##has deduced his## māyāvāda ##from the Vedic 

sources. It is quite presumable that he may have exploited 

the arguments of the Buddhist. But## śaṅkara’s repugnance 

to the Buddhist doctrine is conspicuous and unambiguous. 

He has criticized the central doctrine of negativism in his 

commentary on the## bhagavadgitā. śaṅkara’s ##philosophy is 

not capable of being equated with## māyāvāda ##or## śūnyavāda. 

##He believes in one eternal monolithic existence-cum-con- 

sciousness-cum-bliss which is the nature of Brahman. The 

two systems are diametrically opposed.## nāgārjuna ##does not 

believe in a positive reality which is not subject to birth, 

decay and death.## {2. bhāvas tāvan nīavāṇaṃ jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇam / prasajyetāsti bhāvo hī na jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā ##//MS. 25.4.} Negation is also a false fiction. According 

to him negation is another entity.## candrakīrti ##has made it 

abundantly clear that absolute negation with reference to 

the background of a positive entity is unthinkable. It is 

@xiii

only a name and a name and a word without a meaning.## 

śaṅkarācārya ##on the other hand distinguishes the phenome- 

nal world from a fiction and Absolute Reality. The world 

of plurality, both mental and  physical is logically indeter- 

minable. He admits empirical and pragmatic validity but 

denies it the nature of Absolute Reality. Reality is always 

Absolute and## śūnyatā ##is also Absolute.## nāgārjuna ##repu- 

diates that it is reality## (bhāva) ##and also that it is negative. 

But the negative according to## nāgārjuna ##is always another 

positive real. Negation is relative and this leads him to 

deny that## śūnyatā ##is pure negation. Because that would 

invest it with a positive character. 

We leave apart the interpretation of modern philoso- 

phers. It will remain moot question. But it should be 

remembered that## candrakīrti ##denies the doctrine of triple 

reality## (trisvabhāva). 

##In the## Madhyāntavibhāga, asaṅga, ##the putative author 

of it, criticizes the concept of## śūnyatā ##as pure voidity. He 

posits the Ultimate Reality as consciousness. In the## 

mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra ##there are texts which unequivocally 

positan Ultimate Reality of the nature of pure consciousness 

at the back of phenomenal universe, and this reality is 

monistic in character and metaphysically indistinguishable 

from the Brahman of the## upaniṡads. dignāga, dharmakīrti, 

śāntarakṡita ##and their later followers are found to assert 

categorically that consciousness is momentary. There are 

good reasons to believe that## dignāga ##and his school deny 

the## ālaya-##consciousness.## śaṅkarācārya ##has criticized in his 

commentary on the## brahmasūtra ##the philosophical theory 

advocated by this school.## dignāga’s ##popularity and power- 

ful dialectic threw the old## yogācāra ##school of## maitreyanātha 

##and## asaṅga ##into utter oblivion. 

We do not consider that the characterization of## 

śūnyatā ##as a relative validity by Dr. P. L. Vaidya is a happy 

appraisal. Relative validity is only a euphemism for philoso- 

@xiv

phical invalidity. Whatever is found to be relative is 

dismissed by## nāgārjuna ##as unreal appearance. 

Before concluding our brief survey, it may not be out 

of place to reproduce the philosophical appraisal of## 

śūnyavāda ##as distinct from## brahmavāda ##by## śrīharṡa ##in his## 

khaṇḍanakhaṇḍakhādya. śrīharṡa ##observes that the doctrine 

of## aniravacanīyatā, ##i. e., logical indeterminancy{1.  We have borrowed this expression from Dr. Mookerjee’s mono-

graph entitled The Absolutist’s Standpoint In Logic, p. 138.} is not to be 

confounded with the Buddhist doctrine of## śūnyatā. ##The 

Buddhist regards everything relative or absolute as logically 

indeterminable, whereas the## vedāntists ##believe that Brahman 

is capable of being characterized as the transcendental 

reality and everything else is indeterminate.## {2. evaṃ ca sati saugatabrahmavādinor  ayaṃ viśeṡo yad ādima:
sarvam evānirvacanīyaṃ varṇayati. tad uktaṃ bhagavatā laṅkā- 

vatāre : buddhyā vivicyamānānāṃ svabhāvo nāvadhāryate / ato 

nirabhilapyāste nis svabhāvāśc deśita: // iti. vijñānavyatiriktaṃ 

punar idaṃ viṡayaṃ sadasadbhyāṃ vilakṡaṇaṃ brahmavādina: 

saṇgirante. tathā hi ne’ daṃ sad bhayitum arhati, vakṡyamāṇa- 

dūṡaṇa-grastatvāt, nā’ py asad eva, tathā sati laukikavicārakāṇāṃ, 

sarvavyavahāravyāhatyāpatteṇ. khaṇḍanakaṇḍakhādya, ##p.## 125….

Vastutas tu vayaṃ prapañcasattvavyvasthāpanavinivrttā: svata: 

siddhe cidātmani brahmatattve kevale kevale bharam avalambya 

caritārthā: sukham āsmahe. ##Ibid. P. 131.Indeterminancy 

and metaphysical unreality are synonymous terms. We again 

reiterate the historical fact that## śūnyavāda ##has been criticised 

by all schools of philosophers as the doctrine of pure 

Negativism. In this respect the Buddhist school other than##

śūnyavāda, ##the Jains, and all the Brahmanical schools are

unambiguously unanimous. A positivistic interpretation, 

even if legitimate, would make## nāgārjuna ##immune from the 

attack of his critics. We do not mean to prejudge the issue 

and leave it to genuine students of of## mahāyāna ##Buhdhism 

to draw their conclusions. 

@xv

INTRODUCTION 

1 THE EDITION 
This edition of the## madhyamakaśāstra ##of## nāgārjuna

##with the commentary called## prasannapadā ##by## candrakīrti ##is 
mainly based on the one edited by Louis de la Vallee
Poussin and published in the BIBLIOTHECA BUDDHICA, 

Vol IV, St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1912(referred to as B in 
the margin). There was an earlier edition of this work, 
published by BUDDHIST TEXT SOCIETY, Calcutta, in 
1897 and edited by## śaraccandra śāstrī. ##This Calcutta 

edition is full of mistakes, and its value is no more than a 

manuscript in print. It was used by Poussin for what it was

worth, but he also used two Mss., one from Paris and the 

other from Cambridge. Further, he checked his Text of## 

kārikās ##as well as of## candrakīrti’s commentary with the

help of Tibetan Translations. He added a number of useful 

indices and exhaustive foot-notes, textual and exegetical. 

Out of his notes, textual ones are retained with some modi- 

fications by me at the foot of the page below the text, while 

I have made as much use as possible of his exegetical notes 

in my CRITICAL NOTES printed at the end of the 

Volume. Since Poussin’s edition was out in 1912, many 

Buddhist works in original Sanskrit have been printed in 

Europe, India, America and Japan, and I have added 

references to them in the body of my text as well as in 

Critical Notes. Poussin’s edition is long out of print. I 

had the good fortune of studying this very work at his feet 

in 1921 22, and hence I thought it my duty to bring out a 

new edition with a number of additions and alterations. I

have made use of additional material published since then, 

and therefore I hope this edition will be more useful than 

the former to  our Indian scholars. The foot-notes of 

Poussin containing Tibetan translation of## kārikās ##and of 

extracts of the commentary have been omitted from this 

@xvi

edition as they are no longer useful to Sanskrit scholars. 

I do not, however, underrate the value of Poussin’s edition, 

and of extracts from Tibetan given by him, but once the 

purpose of checking the accuracy of Sanskrit text is 
achieved, the value of Tibetan translations to Sanskrit## 

paṇḍits ##becomes secondary. 

2. PHILOSOPHICAL SYSTEMS UNDER## mahāyāna 

##There are two important philosophical schools of the## 

mahāyāna ##Buddhism, viz., the## mādhayamika ##School founded 

by## nāgārjuna ##and his followers,## buddhapālita, bhāvaviveka, 

candrakīrti ##and## śāntideva, ##and the## yogācāra ##School 

founded by## maitreyanātha ##and his followers,## asaṅga, 

Vasubandhu, Sthiramati, Vimuktisena, Haribhadra etc.


Both these schools take## prajñāpāramitā ##literature and other##

mahāyāna sūtras ##as their sacred sources.## ācāryas ##of both 

these schools seem to have written commentaries on texts 
like## aṡṭasāhasrikā ##with interpretations which would support 
the special doctrines of their respective schools as## śaṃkara, 

rāmānuja ##etc. interpreted## upaniṡads ##and the## bādarāyaṇasū- 

tras ##differently to support Advaita,## viśiṡṭādvaita ##etc. We 

have not yet discovered in original Sanskrit any such 

commentary on## prajñāpāramitā ##from the school of## 

nāgārjuna, ##but we propose  to give in the present series of 

Buddhist Sanskrit Texts Haribhadra’s commentary called## 

āloka ##on## aṡṭasāhsrikā ##which may be regarded as a specimen 

of## yogācāra ##interpretation of the## prajñāpāramitā ##literature. 

It may be said here that corresponding to## nāgārjuna's 

kārikās ##of the## madhyamakaśāstra, ##we have## abhisamayālaṃ- 

kārakārikās ##from## maitreyanātha ##to explain the## yogācāra

##stand. 

There is one more school of the## mahāyāna ##Buddhists 

which cannot be accurately called a philosophical school. 

It is a school of Logicians headed by## dignāga. ##The writers 

like## dignāga ##and## dharmakīrti ##specialised in logic; they, 

however, could not escape the influences of the two schools 

mentioned above, and a majority of them show a strong 

@xvii

inclination towards the## yogācāra ##system as the## mādhyamika 

##school did not give much scope for logical treatment of 

their metaphysics. It will be shown later that the## prāsaṅgika 

##branch of the## mādhyamikas ##did not give much room to 

logical treatment as## nāgārjuna’s vigrahavyāvartanī ##amply 

demonstrates.## dignāga, ##who wrote a short philosophical 

treatise in about 57 stanzas called## prajñāpāramitāpiṇdārtha,

seems clearly to follow the## yogācāra ##view as also## 

dharmakīrti. 

3. ##ORIGIN AND TEACHING OF THE## mādhyamika ##SCHOOL 

OF BUDDHISTS

The religion founded by the Buddha got divided into 

various schools of thought and customs within a few 

centuries after his## nirvāṇa. ##The two earliest of these 

schools were the## sthaviravādins ##and## mahāsaṃghikas. ##Their 

differences were due to certain rules of conduct or interpre-

tation of Buddha’s teaching. The fissiparous tendency did 

not stop there, and there soon appeared a number of them 

drawing their names either from a locale, or mode of living, 

or adherence to a particular book or tenet. Many of these 

schools had their own sacred canon, complete or partial, 

which was written in a variety of dialects such as## pāli, 

##Sanskrit, Prakrit or even## apabhraṃśa. ##Some of these 

canons have come down to us in these languages, at least 

in fragments, but many appear to have been lost in their 

original form. This variety of dialects was but natural; for 

Buddha was a native of Kapilavastu, and must have 

preached in his mother-tongue or in a language which was 

capable of being understood by natives of## mithilā, magadha, 

kāśī ##and## kosala ##in which countries he spent his life as a 

religious teacher. His sermons were rendered by his pupils

in their own native tongue, from which they were given 

different standard forms of a language such as## pāli, sanskrit, 

prakrit ##and## apabhraṃśa. ##Of these,## tipiṭaka ##in## pāli ##seems 

to be a compact canon, but that was not the case with other 

canons. Improvements in linguistic forms as also in 
@xviii

doctrinal tenets must have been introduced from time to 

time, and Buddhist literature which is found in dialects of 

Northern and North-eastern regions remained scattered. 

Side by side, there were some changes in ideals and ideolo- 

gies of the original form of the religion due to influences of 

adherents and their pre-occupations. All this resulted in 

forming a new and vast mass of literature commonly known 

as## sūtras ##and written in a language which shows an admix- 

ture of Sanskrit and popular or Prakrit forms and idioms. 

These## sūtras ##had a vast volume, and there were traces of 

lack of cohesion in their teaching. Among these works, 

there is a class of literature called## vaipulyasūtras ##numbering 

nine and various recensions of the## prajñāpāramitā. ##There 

is also a very large number of## sūtras ##known under the class 

of## mahāyānasūtras ##dating from about the 2 nd or even 3 rd 

century B. C.## nāgārjuna (##2 nd century A. D.) in his## sūtra- 

samuccaya ##draws upon nearly seventy such titles. A large 

number of them seems to have been lost in their original 

Sanskrit form, but they are preserved in their Tibetan 

and/or Chinese translations. 

Buddhism in  this new form also showed fissiparous 

tendencies and it was felt necessary to maintain their 

strength and unity. To evolve a uniform philosophical 

system from out this vast literature embodying apparently 

conflicting views leading to chaos, was a task in the post- 

Christian age before scholars like## aśvaghoṡa, nāgārjuna, 

maitreyanātha, asaṅga, vasubandhu ##and## dignāga. ##It is 

the effort of these scholars which is responsible for bringing 

into existence two famous philosophical schools of## mahā- 

yāna ##Buddhism, viz., the## mādhyamika ##School and the## 

yogācārā# School. 

Among these scholars,## nāgārjuna ##picked up, to name 

his school, one of the most striking tenets of Buddhism, viz.,## 

madhyamā ##or## madhyamā pratipad, ##the middle Path, preached 

in his first sermon by Buddha, and which, consequently, no 

follower of Buddha could renounce. He named his system##

@xix

madhyamaka (madhyamaiva madhyamakam, saṃjñāyāṃ kan-pā. 5.3.87) ##or## Madhya- 

makaśāstra, ##and his followers came to be known as## mādhyamika 

(madhyamakamadhīyate vidanti vā-taddhīte tadveda-pā. 4.2.59). ##Under this 

title he codified the the contents of his vast mass of confli- 
cting## sūtras ##so as to yield a philosophically uniform 

teaching, and embodied it in over 400## kārikās ##in## anuṡṭubh

metre ##divided into 27 chapters, In one of these## kārikās, ##he 

explicitly refers to the## kātyāyanāvavādasūtra, ##which, by-the- 

bye, is accepted as authority by all Buddhist scholars holding 

different shades of views :##

kātyāyanāvavāde ca asti nāstīti cobhayam | 

pratiṡiddhaṃ bhagavatā bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā || 

[ma. śā. 15.7] 

##On this## candrakīrti ##remarks :## 

idaṃ ca sūtraṃ sarvanikāyeṡu paṭhyate (ma. śā. 15.7) 

##The statement of## asti ##and## nāsti, ##two conflicting, contra- 

dictory and extreme categories which have been denied by 

Buddha, recommends or suggests the way out of these, 

which the founder called## madhyamā (madhyamayā dharmaṃ deśayati). ##Expan- 

ding the concepts of## asti ##and## nāsti bhāvainto, saṃsāra ##and## 

nirvāṇa, ##he evolves a solution negating these extremes, and 

thus founding the Middle Path.## nāgārjuna, ##following this 

line of thought, classifies the contents of the## sūtras ##into two 

classes of tenets, one recommending a view which is 

ultimately to be abandoned, and the other as final and 

absolute; the one practical,## vyāvahārika, ##and the other as 

absolute, final or## pāramārthika. ##That this is the ultimate 

objective of the system of## nāgārjuna ##is clear from the 

following## kārikā: 

dve satye samupāśritya buddhānāṃ dharmadeśanā | 

lokasaṃvrtisatyaṃ ca satyaṃ ca paramārthata: || [ma. śā. 24.8] 

candrakīrti, at the end of his commentary on Madhya-

maka śāstra ##confirms the above view when he says:-## 

samāpta cedaṃ madhyamakaśāstraṃ sakalalaukikalokottarapravacananītaneyārthavyākhyānanaipuṇyaviśāradam | 
@xx

##The system of## nāgārjuna ##thus classifies all discourses 

of Buddha into## nītārtha, ##i. e., absolute or final, and## 

neyārtha, ##i. e,## vyāvahārika ##or practical, and arrives at the 

conclusion that although from the point of lower philoso- 

phical plane all notions or concepts of worldly existence 

stand valid, from the point of view of higher or absolute 

philosophical plane, these notions have but a relative 

validity, and therefore one should reject both existence and 

non-existence and follow a middle path or relative validity.## 

nāgārjuna ##says;- ##

astīti śāśvatagrāho nāstītyucchedadarśanam | 

tasmādastitvanāstitve nāśrīyeta vicakṡaṇa: || [ma. śā. 15.10] 

##The main authority for this view, of course, is the 

passage in the## kātyāyanāvavādasūtra ##admitted as authority 

by all Buddhists. The passage runs :-## 

yadbhūyasā kātyāyana ayaṃ loko’stitāṃ vā abhiniviṡṭo nāstitāṃ ca | tena na 

parimucyate | ……

astīti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: | nāstīti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: | yadenayo- 

rantayormadhyam, tadarūpyam, anidarśanam, apratiṡṭham, anābhāsam, aniketam, avijñaptikam | 

iyamucyate kāśyapa madhyamā pratipat, bhūtānāṃ bhūtapratyavekṡā | ##(	MS p. 132-33). 

The right view of the world thus runs through the two 

extremes. Therefore, when ā# mādhyamika ##is categorically 

asked to state his view-point, he would declare the eight 

Nos :## 

anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam || 

[ma. śā. 1.1] 

##leading ultimately to the doctrine of## pratītyasamutpāda, ##of 

relative or dependent origination, which is the first revela- 

tion of Buddha on attainment of enlightenment. So the## 

mādhyamikas ##maintain that they alone represent correctly 

the doctrine as propounded by the Buddha.## candrakīrti 

##vehemently refutes the charge that## mādhyamika ##is no better 

than ā# nāstika, ##in this way :-

@xxi
##Introduction##

atraike paricodayanti-nāstikāviśiṡṭā mādhyamikā:, yasmāt kuśalākuśalaṃ karma kartāraṃ 

ca phalaṃ ca sarvaṃ ca lokaṃ bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyamiti bruvate | nāstikā api hi ekatrāstīti bruvate | 

tasmānnāstikāviśiṡṭā mādhyamikā iti | naivam | kuta: ? pratītyasamutpādavādino hi 

mādhyamikā: hetupratyayān prāpya pratītya samutpannametat sarvameva ihaparalokaṃ ni:svabhāvaṃ 

varṇayanti | yathāsvarūpavādino naiva nāstikā: pratītyasamutpannatvād bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatvena na 

paralokādyabhāvaṃ pratipannā:, kiṃ tarhi aihalaukikaṃ vastujātamupalamya svabhāvata: tasya paralokādi- 

hāgamanam ihalokācca paralokagamanamapaśyanta: ihalokopalabdhapadārthasadrśapadārthāntarāpavādaṃ 

kurvanti | tathāpi vastusvarūpeṇa avidyamānasyaiva te nāstitvaṃ pratipannā:, ityamunā tāvaddarśanena 

sāmyamastīti cet, na hi | kuta: ? saṃvrtyā mādhyamikai: astitvenābhyupagamānna tulyatā | 

vastutastulyateti cet, yadyapi vastuto’siddhistulyā, tathāpi pratipattrbhedādatulyatā | yathā hi 

krtacauryaṃ puruṡameka: samyagaparijñāyaiva tadamitraprerita: taṃ mithyā vyācaṡṭe-cauryamanena krtamiti, 

aparastu sākṡād drṡṭvā dūṡayati, tatra yadyapi vastuto nāsti bheda:, tathāpi parijñātrbhedādekastatra 

mrṡāvādītyucyate, aparastu satyavādīti, ekaśca ayaśasā ca apuṇyena ca samyak parīkṡyamāṇo 

yujyate nāpara:, evamihāpi yathāvadviditavastusvarūpāṇāṃ mādhyamikānāṃ bruvatāmavagacchatāṃ ca 

vastusvarūpābhede’pi yathāvadaviditavastusvarūpairnāstikai: saha jñānābhidhānayornāsti sāmyam | 

yathaiva hi upekṡāsāmānye’pi apratisaṃkhyāya pratisaṃkhyāya upekṡakayoriva prthagjanārhato: jātyandha- 

cakṡuṡmatośca viṡamaprapātapradeśakiniścitasāmānye’pi yathāsti mahān viśeṡa:, tathā nāstikānāṃ 

mādhyamikānāṃ ca viśeṡo bhaviṡyatīti pūrvācāryā: || ##(p. 176).## 

nāgārjuna ## does not refer in his## kārikās ##to any## sūtra 

##by name other than the## kātyāyanāvavāda; ##but## candrakīrti ##in 

his commentary refers to a large number of them, and 

draws on them profusely in support of each and every tenet 

of the School.

The method of dialectics to refute the views of the 

opponent adopted by## nāgārjuna ##and his followers like## 

Buddhapālita ##and## candrakīrti ##is known as the## prasaṅga, 

##i. e., reducing the opponent to an absurd position contra- 

dictory to his accepted views;## bhāvaviveka ##or## Bhavya, 

though belonging to## nāgārjuna's ##school, follows an 

independent or rational method called## svatantra, candra-

kīrti, ##however, holds the view that ā# mādhyamika ##as such 

should not adopt that method :-##

na ca mādhyamikasya sata: svatantramanumānaṃ kartuṃ yuktam, pakṡāntarābhyupagamābhāvāt | 

##He further says that## nāgārjuna ##himself adopted the## 

prasaṅga ##method in his work## vigrahavyāvartanī ## as well as in 

@xxii

his## kārikās (##see pp. 6-9). It is on account of this difference 

in the method of approach that the## mādhyamika ##School 

stands divided into two branches, viz.,## prāsaṅgika ##and## 

svātantrika ##schools,## nāgārjuna, buddhapālita ##and## candrakīrti 

##belonging to the former, and## bhavya ##or## bhāvaviveka 

##to the latter.## candrakīrti ##explains the advantages of this##

prāsaṅgika ##method as follows :##

yo hi yamarthaṃ pratijānīte, tena svaniścayavad anyeṡāṃ niścayotpādanecchayā yayā upapattyā 

asāvartho’dhigata:, saivopapatti: parasmai upadeṡṭavyā | tasmādeṡa tāvannyāya:, yat pareṇaiva 

svābhyupagatapratijñātārthasādhanamupādeyam, na cānena paraṃ prati | hetudrṡṭāntāsaṃbhavāt pratijñānusārata- 

yaiva kevalaṃ svapratijñātārthasādhanamupādatte iti nirupapattikapakṡābhyupagamāt svātmānamevāyaṃ kevalaṃ 

visaṃvādayan na śaknoti pareṡāṃ niścayamādhātumiti | idamevāsya spaṡṭataraṃ dūṡaṇaṃ yaduta svaprati- 

jñātārthasādhanāsāmarthyamiti | kimatra anumānabādhodbhāvanayā prayojanam ? ##(p. 7).## 

nāgārjuna ##in his## vigrahavyāvartanī ##(St. 29) states the 

same view more succinctly :-## 

yadi kācana pratijñā syānme tata eva me bhaveddoṡa: | 

nāsti ca mama pratijñā tasyānnaivāsti me doṡa: || 

##It should not, however, be supposed that the## prasaṅ-

gika ##school is blind to the interests of its followers. It 

descends to the earthly plane to explain its stand as is done 

in chapter 24, where the absolute and practical standpoints 

are explained. The school also refutes the charge of its 

being no better than## nāstika ##as stated above. The main 

objective of the school is to explain away the apparent 

contradictions in the## sūtras ##as recommending practical and 

absolute stands by dividing their contents into## nītārtha ##and## 

neyārtha, ##as## śaṃkarācārya ##later did with reference to such 

contradictory statements found in the## upaniṡads. ##In other 

words,## nāgārjuna ##did exactly for the conflicting statements 

in Buddhist## sūtras ##what## śaṃkarācārya ##later did for the## 

upaniṡads. ##I would go a step further and say that## nāgārjuna 

##showed the way to## śaṃkarācārya ##in this respect. 

There is another doctrinal point in the## mādhyamika 

##system which later was developed by## śam*karācārya. ##in his 

famous## māyāvāda. ##It is the introduction of the element of##

@xxiii

māyā ##to explain away conflicting views. The## mādhyamikas 

##have but negative statements to make, corresponding to## 

upaniṡadic neti neti. ##The highest principle of the## mādhyamikas 

##corresponding to## upaniṡadic ##Brahman is the doctrine of## 

pratītyasamutpāda, ##which at one place is described in the 

following terms :-##

ya imaṃ pratītyasamutpādamevaṃ yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā satatasamitamajīvaṃ nirjīvaṃ yathāvada- 

viparītamajātamabhūtamasaṃskrtamapratipādyamanāvaraṇaṃ śivamabhayamanāhāryamavyamamavyupaśamasvabhāvaṃ 

paśyati asatastucchato riktato’sārato rogato gaṇḍata: śalyato’ghato’nityato du:khata: śūnyato 

‘nātmata:, na sap ūrvāntaṃ pratisarati....aparāntaṃ vā punarna pratisarati | ##(MS. p. 291) 

Or, in the words of## nāgārjuna :- 

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam | 

nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṡaṇam || [ma. śā. 18.9] 

##The illustrations which the## mādhyamikas ##used were 

also subsequently used by## śaṃkarācārya. ##For instance,## 

nāgārjuna ##says :##

yathā māyā yathā svapno gandharvanagaraṃ yathā | 

yathotpādastathā sthānaṃ tathā bhaṅga udīrita: || [ma. śā. 7.34] 

āryadeva, nāgārjuna’s ##pupil, adds a few more :-## 

alātacakranirmāṇasvapnamāyāmbucandrakai: |

dhūrmikānta:pratiśrutkāmarocyabhrai: samo bhava: || 

[catu: śataka-13.25] 

##There are a few others found in older literature as, for 

instance, in the## laṅkāvatārasūtra :

ākāśaṃ śaśaśrṅgaṃ ca vandhyāyā: putra eva ca | 

asantaścābhilapyante tathā bhāveṡu kalpanā || 

[laṅkā-2.166; 10.453]

##and a few others like## turagaśrṅga rāsabhaśrṅga ##or## maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇi ##also 

occur  here and there; but the following passage taken from##

aṡṭasāhasrikā prajñāpāramitā ##(Cal. ed. p. 39; B S T. ed. p. 20) 

sums up best the stand of the## mādhyamikas : 

atha khalu devaputrā āyuṡmantaṃ subhūtimetadavocan-samyaksaṃbuddho’pi māyopama: svapnopama 

iti, sanyaksaṃbuddhatvamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti āryasubhūte vadasi ? subhūtirāha-nirvāṇamapi 

devaputrā māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi kiṃ punaranyaṃ dharmam ? devaputrā āhu:-nirvāṇamapi 

āryasubhūte māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadasi ? subhūtirāha-yadyapi devaputrā nirvāṇādapi anya: 

@xxiv

kaściddharmo viśiṡṭatara: syāt, tamapyahaṃ māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadeyam | iti hi māyā ca 

nirvāṇaṃ ca advayametadadvaidhīkāramiti | ##(MS p. 220).

The above extract clearly shows the part which the 

doctrine of## māyā ##plays in the## mādhyamika ##system. It is for 

the historian of the Advaitā# vedānta ##of## śaṃkarācārya ##to say 

to what extent the latter is influenced by the tenets of this 

school. 

I do not desire to close this brief review of## mādhyamika 

system without reference to the doctrine of## śūnyatā. 

##This doctrine of## śūnyatā, ##Void, is a very subtle doctrine, 

and is often misunderstood. Without rightly understanding 

it, there is no emancipation from## saṃsārā. ##This emancipa-

tion results from annihilation of karma, act, and## kleśa, 

##passion, which, in their turn, have their origin in vikalpas, 

doubts or inaccurate apprehension of the nature of things, 

which, in their turn, spring from## prapanca. ##All these are 

dissolved on realization of this doctrine of## śūnyatā :-

karmakleśakṡayānmokṡa: karmakleśā vikalpata: | 

te prapañcātprapañcastu śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate || [ma. śā. 18.5] 

##This## sūnyatā ##means the## pratītyasamutpāda, ##or condi- 

tional existence of all things in nature :-##

ya: pratītyasamutpāda: śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṡmahe | 

sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā || [ma. śā. 24.1]

##leading ultimately to the Middle Path. This middle path 

advises us to avoid extremes of existence and non-existence, 

because what has a conditional existence, cannot be equated 

with this or that :-## 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam | [ma. śā. 18.10] 

##In other words, all objects that we perceive are## śūnya, 

##void, because they do not possess any element of sign or 

characteristic of a notion, and yet they are accepted by all

as self-illumined :##

@xxv

śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:svabhāvayogena | nirnimittā: sarvadharmā nirnimittamupādāya | apraṇi- 

hitā: sarvadharmā apraṇidhānayogena | prakrtiprabhāsvarā: sarvadharmā: prajñāpāramitāpariśuddhyā || 

(p. 217)

##At the same time, we should not too much cling to 

this## śūnyatā ##as the path of emancipation or salvation. It 

should be utilized for the purpose of driving away all con- 

cepts; if we cling, we are doomed, and incurable :-##

śūnyatā sarvadrṡṭīnāṃ proktā ni:saraṇa jinai: | 

yeṡāṃ tu śūnyatā drṡṭistānasādhyān babhāṡire || [ma. śā. 13.8] 

##Not only this, but if this doctrine of## śūnyatā ##is miscon- 

ceived, it ruins the man as an ill-caught snake or improperly 

acquired and handled magic lore killsā# sādhaka:-

vināśayati durdrṡṭā śūnyatā manmamedhasama | 

sarpo yathā durgrhīto vidyā vā duṡprasādhitā || [ma. śā. 24.11]

##It is said that Buddha, on attainment of enlightenment 

hesitated for a time to communicate to the world the way 

of salvation he had just discovered, for fear of its not being 

rightly understood (MS. 24.12).## nāgārjuna, ##in his## 

catu:stava, ##while praising Buddha, has observed :-##

sarvasaṃkalpahānāya śūnyatāmrtadeśanā | 

yaśca tasyāmapi grāhastvayāsāvavasādita: || 

##The subtleness of this doctrine and consequent

inability of men of  common understanding, even belonging 

to the faith of Buddha, has been very cleverly brought home 

to us by## candrakīrti ##in the following passage :-##

atrāhu:-aho bata hatā pratyāśā asmākm, ye hi nāma vayaṃ svavikalpavikalpitāti- 

kaṭhinakudarśanamālutā latājālāvabaddheṡu nirvāṇapuragāmyaviparītamārgagamanaparibhraṡṭeṡu anatikrānta- 

saṃsārāṭavīkāntāradurgeṡu kaṇabhakṡākṡapādadigambarajaimininaiyāyikaprabhrtiṡu tīrthakareṡu aviparīta- 

svargāpavargamārgopadeśābhimāniṡu sprhāṃ parityajya niravaśeṡānyatīrthamatāndhakāropaghātakaṃ 

svargāpavarganugāmyaviparītamārgasaṃprakāśakaṃ saddharmadeśanātipaṭutarakiraṇavyāptāśeṡāśāmukhaṃ vividha- 

vineyajanamatikamalakuṅmalavibodhanatatparaṃ yathāvadavasthitapadārthatattvārthabhājanānāmamalaikacakṡurbhūtaṃ 

sakalajagaccharaṇyabhūtamadvitīyaṃ daśabalavaiśāradyāveṇikabuddhadharmāmalamaṇḍalaṃ mahāyānamahālayasārathivaraṃ 

saptabodhyaṅgottuṅgaturaṅgapadātiyojitaṃ sakalatribhuvanajanajātijarāmaraṇasaṃsārakāntārasaricchoṡaṇa- 

tatparaṃ caturasamamārārātisamaraśarasaṃpātavijayinaṃ sakalajagadasadgrāharāhugrahavigrahodgrahanirāsinaṃ 

@xxvi

tathāgatasavitāramajñānaghanagahanāndhakāranirākaraṇāya mokṡārthino’nuttarasamyaksaṃbodhyarthina: śaraṇaṃ 

pratipannā: | tasya ca tvayā 

evaṃ śūnyamupādānamupādātā ca sarvaśa: | 

prajñapyate ca śūnyena kathaṃ śūnyastathāgata: || 

ityādinā svabhāvato’sattvaṃ bruvatā bhavatā hatā asmākaṃ mokṡapratyāśā anuttarasamyaksaṃ- 

bodhyāgamābhilāṡa: | tadalaṃ bhavatā tathāgatamahādityapracchādakena ākālikaghanaghanāvalivisaraṇena 

jagadandhakāropameneti | ucyate | asmākameva hatā pratyāśā bhavadvidheṡvabudhajaneṡu, ye hi nāma 

bhavanta: mokṡakāmatayā anyatīrthyaṃmatāni parityajya bhagavantaṃ tathāgatamapi aviparītaśāstāraṃ 

pratipadya paramagambhīramanuttaraṃ sarvatīrthyavādāsādhāraṇaṃ nairātmyasiṃhanādamasahamānā: kuraṅgamā iva 

svādhimuktidaridratayā vividhakudrṡṭivyālamālākulaṃ viparyastajanānuyātaṃ tameva mahāghorasaṃsārā- 

ṭavīkānta racārakānugamārgamavagāhante | …na ca vayaṃ sarvathaiva niṡprapañcānāṃ tathāgatānāṃ nāstitvaṃ 

brūma: | …yena tvabhiprāyaṇa śūnyatvādikamupadiśyate sa ātmaparīkṡāto boddhavya: | 

##(p. 215-17)

4. nāgārjuna ##AND HIS WORKS##

nāgārjuna ##is rightly regarded as the founder of the##

mādhyamika ##School of Buddhists, and must be distinguished 

from another## nāgārjuna ##whose contribution is mainly, if 

not solely, to the field of Tantra including Vaidyaka 

(Chemistry and Metals).## mahāvyutpatti, ##177. 1-2, clearly 

mentions## nāgārjuna ##and## nāgāhvaya ##as two distinct## ācāryas 

##of Buddhism, at the head of 36 other## ācāryas, ##many of 

whom have left their works to us.## nāgārjuna ##is also  

regarded by Hiuen Tsang as one of the four suns that 

illumined the world, the three others being## aśvaghoṡa, 

āryadeva ##and## kumāralāta. ##The Chinese tradition makes 

him a contemporary of king## kaniṡka. rājataraṅgiṇī ##(11 th century A. D.) states (1. 168-77) him to be a contemporary 

of## huṡka, juṡka, ##and## kaniṡka :-

athābhavan svanāmāṅkapuratrayavidhāyina: | 

huṡkajuṡkakaniṡkākhyāstrayastatraiva pārthivā: || 

prājye rājyakṡaṇe teṡāṃ prāya: kaśmīramaṇḍalam | 

bhojyamāste sma bauddhānāṃ pravrajyorjitatejasām || 

bodhisattvaśca deśe’sminneko bhūmīśvaro’bhavat | 

sa ca nāgārjuna: śrīmān ṡaḍarhadvanasaṃśrayī || 

@xxvii

tasminnavasare bauddhā deśe prabalatāṃ yayu: | 

nāgārjunena sudhiyā bodhisattvena pālitā: ||

##For details of the## mādhyamika ##School and its 

followers, the reader is referred to my work `Etudes## sur 

āryadeva ##et son## catu:śataka’,  ##Paris, 1923. 

Tradition also, almost uniformly, makes him a 

contemporary of## kaniṡka, ##who seems to be friendly to##

nāgārjuna, ##and a letter called## suhrllekha ##addressed by##

nāgārjuna ##to him also exists in Tibetan translation. It is, 

therefore, safe to assume that## nāgārjuna ##lived in the latter 

half of the second century A. D. (about 170-200 A. D.). 

According to the biography of## nāgārjuna, ##translated 

into Chinese by## kumārajīva ##(circa 405 A. D.) he was born 

in a Brahmin family in southern India, studied the Vedas, 

and became well-versed in other Brahmanical lores. He 

was also known as a mighty magician.## bāṇa ##records a 

reference to## nāgārjuna ##having received a necklace of pearls 

from ā# nāgā ##king. Tibetan chronicles almost invariably 

refer to him as a mighty magician. He had a pretty long 

life of 400 years ! All this looks like a legend, and to build 

up history from such records is very difficult.## laṅkāva

tārasūtra, ##a work belonging to the Nine Dharmas or## 

āgamas ##of Nepal, says (10. 164-166) :-##

nirvrte sugate paścātkālo’tīto bhaviṡyati | 

mahāmate nibodha tvaṃ yo netrīṃ dhārayiṡyati || 

dakṡiṇāpathavedalyāṃ bhikṡu: śrīmān mahāyaśā: | 

nāgāhvaya: sa nāmnā tu sadasatpakṡadāraka: || 

parkāśya loke madyānaṃ mahāyānamanuttaram | 

āsādya bhūmiṃ muditāṃ yāsyate’sau sukhāvatīm || 

##One important thing to be noted about the above- 

quoted stanzas is that they are found in 10 th and last 

chapter of the work. This last chapter generally puts 

together the stanzas occurring in the first nine chapters of 

the## sūtra, ##but precisely these stanzas are not found in the 

first nine chapters, and therefore, their antiquity and 

@xxviii

genuineness become questionable. In any case,## nāgārjuna 

##is associated in them with## dakṡināpatha. ##The term## vedalī

##is of uncertain significance; it has been confounded with## 

Vidarbha; ##and so## nāgārjuna ##is made a resident or native of## 

Vidardha. ##I think we should rather go further south to 

find out his native land, and it may not be far from wrong 

to take his association with## nāgārjunikoṇdā ##where Buddhist 

antiquities are recently discovered. After his conversion to 

Buddhism, he went to the North upto## kaśmīra ##and made 

a name there. It is said that he spent his last days on## 

śrīśaila ##in modern## āndhra ##State.##

candrakīrti ##in his## bhāṡya ##on## madhymakāvatāra 

##records a tradition that## nāgārjuna ##was an incarnation of## 

ānanda, ##the famous attendant of Buddha. Leaving aside 

its value as a piece of history, we may take it that## nāgārjuna 

##was held to be as faithful an interpreter or chronicler of 

Buddha’ s teaching as## ānanda ##was. Says Candraktrti :-##

atha tāvat kathaṃ tasyāryanāgārjunasya aviparītāgamanirṇaya: syāditi ? āgamāt.. 

āryadvādaśahasramahāmeghe’pyuktam- 

licchavikumāro’yaṃ sarvasattvānāṃ darśane nandaka ityānanda: nirvāṇāccatu:śateṡu varṡeṡu 

vyatīteṡu nāgāhvayo bhikṡurbhūtbā maddeśanāṃ vistareṇa parkāśya anupūrveṇa suviśuddhaprabhābhūmināma- 

kalokadhātau tathāgato’rhan samyaksaṃbuddhau jñānākaraprabhābhigho bhaviṡyati | 

##There is a very large number of works, no less than 

122, ascribed to him in Tanjur and Kanjur (see Tohoku 

Catalogue). Leaving apart works on Tantra or Vaidyakā#

(ācāryanāgārjunabhāṡita-avabheṡajakalpa ##Tohoku No. 4308), most of which 

seem to have been composed by another and positively later## 

nāgārjuna, ##we feel certain that philosopher## nāgārjuna 

##composed the following works :##

(1) prajñā ##or## kārikās ##of the## madhyamakaśāstra ##and its 

commentary called## akutobhayā; 

(2) vigrahavyāvartanī ##and its commentary;## 

(3) yuktiṡaṡṭikā; 

(4) śūnyatāsaptati ##and its commentary;## 

@xxix

(5) mahāyānavimśikā; 

(6) akṡaraśataka ##and its commentary;## 

(7) pratityasamutpādahrdaya ##and its commentary;## 

(8) catu:stava; 

(9) prajñāpāramitāstava ##(found at the beginning of## 

aṡṭasāhasrikā); 

(10) bhāvanākrama; 

(11) sūtrasamūccaya ##or anthology of## mahāyāna sūtras; 

(12) snhrllekha ##or## ārya nāgārjuna bodhisattva suhrllekha;

(13) bhāvasamkrānti; 

(14) ratnāvali; ##and## 

(15) viadalyaprakaraṇa. 

##The work under the title## dharmasaṃgraha, ##which is a 

colleetion of Buddhist Technical Terms and edited in 

Anecdota Oxoniensia, Vol. 1, part V, is attributed to## 

nāgārjuna ##in the colophon, but it does not seem to be a 

genuine work of this philosopher, and may be by his later 

namesake, most probably ā# hīnayānist. 

##Some of the works above mentioned are available in 

the original Sanskrit, but many are still known only from 

their Tibetan or Chinese translations.##

tārānātha ##(Geschichte, p. 71) says that adherents of## 

hīnayāna ##ascribe the authorship of the## śatasāhasrikā 

prajñāpāramitā ##to## nāgārjuna, ##but this does not seem likely. 

The## prajñāpāramitā ##Literature, at least some works like##

pañcaviṃśati ##and## aṡṭasāhasrikā ##were already in existence. 

The ascription may be due to the confusion between## prajñā 

##which figures as an alternative title of## madhyamakaśāstra 

kārikā ##in Tibetan tradition and## prajñāpāramitā. ##In fact,## 

nāgārjuna ##has codified the contents of## prajñāpāramitā 

##literature and other## mahāyānasūtras ##in his## kārikās, ##as## 

bādarāyaṇa ##codified the teaching of the## upaniṡads ##in his##

śārīrakasūtras.

@xxx

##Of the 122 works found in Tohoku Catalogue under##

nāgārjuna ##or## klusgrub ##or## nāgārjunagarbha, ##the most 

important and genuine works of the philosopher have been 

mentioned in the above list. Other works are minor and 

belong more or less to the class of Tantras.##

5. nāgārjuna’S ##FOLLOWERS## 

āryadeva ##or Deva is mentioned as his direct pupil, 

who is the author of## catu:śataka, hastavālaprakaraṇa ##and 

a few minor works. Among his successors and commenta- 

tors, we may mention## buddhapālita, ##Bhavya or## bhāvaviveka

##and## candrakīrti. ##of## budhapālita ##we have only his commen- 

tary on## madhyamakaśāstra ##found in Tibetan.## bhavya ##or## 

bhāvaviveka ##seems to be more prolific than## buddhapālita. 

##He wrote, in addition to the commentary on## madhyama-

kaśāstra, ##called## prajñāpradīpa, ##and some handbooks on the## 

mādhyamika ##system, viz,## (1) madhyamakaratnapradīpa (2) 

madhyamaka-hrdayakārikā ##with its commentary called## 

tarkajvālā ##and## (3) madhyamakārthasaṃgraha, ##all of them 

available in Tibtan Translation ;## (4) karatalaratna ##is known 

only from Chinese translation (Nanjio No. 1237, recently 

restored into Sanskrit by Prof. N. Aiyaswamī# śāstrī ; 

(5) nikāyabhedavi-bhaṅgavyākhyā ##describing 18 schools of 

Buddhism, and## (6) tattvāmrtāvatāra ##referred to twice in 

(7) above.##

tārānātha (XXVI) ##and following him Schiefner (p. 74) 

mention that## devaśarmā ##wrote a commentary on## madhya- 

makaśāstra ##called## sitābhyudaya ##to refute the views of##

candrakīrti. ##The Sanskrit original is not available, nor 

there is any trace of it in Tanjur or Kanjur. 

But of all commentaries on the## madhyamakaśāstra ##the 

most important one is the## prasannapadā ##of## candrakīrti. ##He 

was the follower of the## prāsaṅgika ##school of the## mādhya- 

mikas ##and claims to have interpreted the## kārikās ##truly to 

bring out the views held by## nāgārjuna. ##He has referred to 

the commentaries of both## buddhapālita ##and## Bhavya, ##and 

@xxxi

refuted the views of Bhavya at places. His commentary is 

truly## prasannapadā, ##and in point of view of elegance of 

style, is a forerunner of## śaṃkarācārya’s bhāṡya ##on the## 

brahmasūtras. ##I have given above some extracts from his 

commentary, which will convince the reader of his remark- 

able qualities of argument. He cites in support of his views 

numerous extracts from## mahāyānasūtras. ##Like Bhavya, he 

also wrote a few handbooks on the## mādhyamika ##system, 

viz.,## (1) madhyamakāvatāra, ##a work in six chapters in verse 

with his own## bhāṡya ##on it ;## (2) madhyamakaprajñāvatāra; 

(3) pancaskandhaprakaraṇa, ##besides commentaries on## 

nāgārjuna's yuktiṡaṡṭikā ##and## śūnyatāsaptati as also on## ārya- 

deva’s catu:śataka. ##Except his## prasannapadā ##and fragments 

of his commentary on## catu:śataka, ##all other works are 

preserved only in Tibetan translations.## 

śāntideva, ##the author of## śikṡāsamuccaya ##and## bodhica- 

ryāvatāra ##and## prajñākaramati ##are the only two noteworthy 

writers of the## mādhyamika ##school after## candrakīrti. 

##Poona, 1 st Junuary, 1959] 

P. L. Vaidya

@xxxii

@xlviii

[hindi]

@xlix

##PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

I have great pleasure in presenting the second edition 

of the## madhyamakaśāstra ##of## nāgārjuna ##with the commentary 

called## prasannapadā ##by## candrakīrti. mādhyamika ##and## 

yogācāra ##are two important schools of the## mahāyāna 

##Buddhism of which the## mādhyamika ##school was founded by## 

nāgārjuna ##and his followers. The commentator of this 

work## candrakīrti ##was also one of his followers. 

For some of its special features,## madhyamakaśāstra 

##has earned a very wide reputation in India and abroad. On

account of certain attractive philosophical approaches of 

Buddhism, this work has successfully placed itself in the row 

of very standard Buddhist texts. The book has exhausted 

in a short period. It shows the ever-increasing demand of 

the work. 

It would not be out of place to mention that this book 

has been carefully edited by the well-known scholar Dr. P. L. 

Vaidya and an elaborate introductory note of## śūnyavāda ##has 

been prepared by Dr. S. Bagchi, one of the doyens of tradi- 

tional and modern learning. 

Since nothing new has come in light after the publica- 

tion of this text, the second edition is being published with 

no change. Everything has been kept intact. 

I hope, the publication of the second edition will be 

widely welcomed in the same spirit. 

SHRIDHAR TRIPATHI

@l

[blank]

@li

##ABBREVIATIONS##

AK## (a^ ka^)-avadāna-kalpalatā ##of# kṡemendra, ##Bibliotheca Indica 

edition; our edition in BST Nos. 22-23.## 

aś (a^ śa^)-avadāna-śataka ##by J. S. Speyer, Bibliotheca Buddhica 

edition; our edition in BST No. 19.## 

aṡṭa (aṡṭa^)-aṡṭasāhasrikā prajñāpāramitā, ##ed. by Rajendralal Mitra. 

##BC##-buddhacarita ##of## aśvaghoṡa, ##edns. by Cowell and Johnstone. 

BCA-## bodhicaryāvatāra ##of## śāntideva, ##with## pañjikā ##of## prajñākaramati, ##ed. 

by Poussin; bare text in Zapiski.

BCP-## bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā ##of## prajñākaramati, ##ed. by Poussin. 

CP-## cariyāpiṭaka, ##PTS edition; also by B. C. Law. 

CS-## catu:stava ##of## nāgārjuna ##(I.## nirupama, ##II.## lokātīta, ##III.## acintya, 
##and IV.## paramārtha). 

##DA## (divyā^) divyāvadāna, ##our edition in BST No. 20 ; also Cowell and 

Neil’s edition.

DBh## (da^ bhū^)-daśabhūmikasūtra, ##ed. by Rahder. 

GM- Gilgit Mss., ed. by N. Dutt. 

GV## (gaṇḍa^-gaṇḍavyūhasūtra, ##ed. by Suzuki and Idzumi, Kyoto, Japan, 1949. 

J## (jā^)-jātaka, ##ed. by Fausbol.

JM## (jā^ mā^)-jātakamālā ##of## ārya śūra, ##ed. by H. Kern, HOS.; our

edition in BST No. 21. 

KV## (kāraṇḍa^)-kāraṇḍavyūha, ##BTS edition.## 

(laṅkā^)-laṅkāvatārasūtra, ##ed. by B. Nanjio, Kyoto, Japan, 1923;

reprint 1956. 

LV## (lalita^)- ##lalitavistra, our edition in BST No. 1.##

mś (ma^ śā^)-madhyamakaśārtra ##of## nāgārjuna, ##our edition in BST 

No. 10.

MV## (ma^ vr^)- madhyamakavrtti called## prasannapadā ##of## candrakīrti, ##our

edition in BST No. 10.

MVastū# (ma^ va^)-mahāvastu, ##ed. by E. Senart. 

MVy## (ma^ vyu^)-mahāvyutpatti ##ed. by I. P. Minayeff, Bibliothecā# 

Buddhica.

@lii

madhyamakaśāstra
##rp## (rāṡṭra ^)-rāṡṭrapālapariprcchā, ##ed. by L. Feer, Bibliotheca Buddhica.##

śs (śikṡā^)-śikṡāsamuccaya ##of## śāntideva, ##ed. by Bendall in Bibliotheca 

Buddhica; our edition in BST No. 11.

SA## (sūtrā^)-sūtrālaṃkāra ##of## asaṇga, ##ed. by S. Levi. 

SN##-saundarananda ##of## aśvaghoṡa, ##edns. by H. P. Shastri and Johnstone. 

SR## (samādhi^)-samādhirājasūtra, ##ed. by N. Dutt, in GM; our edition in 

BST No. 2.

SDP## (saddharma^)-saddharmapuṇḍarikāsūtra, ##ed. by N. Dutt; also by Kern

and Nanjio. 

SP## (suvarṇa^)-suvarṇaprabhāsasūtra, ##ed. by B. Nanjio and H. Idzumi, 

Kyoto, Japan, 1931; also by J. Nobel. 

SV## (sukhā^)-sukhāvatīvyūha, ##ed. by Max Muller. 

T-Tibetan translation. 

T-(followed by number)-Tohoku Catalogue.

TG## (tathā^)-tathāgataguhyasūtra ##or## guhyasamāja, ##GOS edn. 

TS## (tattvasaṃ^)-tattvasaṃgraha ##of## śāntarakṡita, ##GOS, ed. 

TTP##-taisho tripiṭaka, ##Tokyo, 1924-1934.

VCh## (vaja^)-vajracchedikā, ##ed. by Max Muller. 

(N. B.-Most of the works mentioned above are planned to be 

included in the BUDDHIST SANSKRIT TEXTS Series. The list will

be found at the end of the Volume). 

@001

nāgārjunīyaṃ 

madhyamakaśāstram | 

ācāryacandrakīrtiviracitayā prasannapadākhyavyākhyayā 

saṃvalitam | 

1

pratyayaparīkṡā nāma prathamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

āryamañjuśriye kumārabhūtāya nama: | 

yo’nta{1. ##Mss.## yo’ntardayāvāsa^ ##for## yo’ntadvayāvāsa^ ##which is confirmed by T,##}dvayāvāsavidhūtavāsa: saṃbuddhadhīsāgaralabdhajanmā | 

saddharmatoyasya{2. ##T## saddharmakoṡasya ##for## saddharmatoyasya.} gabhīrabhāvaṃ yathānubuddhaṃ krpayā jagāda ||1|| 

yasya darśanatejāṃsi paravādimatendhanam | 

dahantyadyāpi lokasya mānasāni tamāṃsi ca ||2|| 

yasyāsamajñānavaca:śaraughā nidhnanti ni:śeṡabhavārisenām | 

tridhāturājyaśriyamādadhānā vineyalokasya sadevakasya ||3|| 

nāgārjunāya praṇipatya tasmai tatkārikāṇāṃ vivrtiṃ kariṡye | 

uttānasatprakriyavākyanaddhāṃ tarkānilāvyākulitāṃ prasannām ||4|| 

tatra `na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyām’ (1.3) ityādi vakṡyamāṇaṃ śāstram | tasya 

kāni saṃbandhābhidhānaprayojanāni iti praśne, madhyamakāvatāravihitavidhinā advayajñānā- 

laṃkrtaṃ mahākaruṇopāya{3. ##T. om.## upāya^.}pura:saraṃ prathamacittotpādaṃ tathāgatajñānotpattihetumādiṃ krtvā 

yāvadācāryanāgārjunasya viditāviparītaprajñāpāramitānīte: karuṇayā parāvabodhārthaṃ 

śāstrapraṇayanam, ityeṡa tāvacchāstrasya saṃbandha:- 

ya{4. ##T om. this stanza.##}cchāsti va: kleśaripūnaśeṡānsaṃtrāyate durgatito bhavācca | 

tacchāsanāttrāṇaguṇācca śāstrametaddvayaṃ cānyamateṡu nāsti || 

@002

iti | svayameva cācāryo vakṡyamāṇasakalaśāstrābhidheyārthaṃ saprayojanamupadarśayan, tadaviparīta- 

saṃprakāśatvena māhātmyamudbhāvya tatsvabhāvāvyatirekavartine paramagurave tathāgatāya śāstra- 

praṇayananimittakaṃ pramāṇaṃ kartukāma āha- 

anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam || 

ya: pratītyasamutpādam 

ityādi | tadatrānirodhādyaṡṭaviśeṡaṇaviśiṡṭa: pratītyasamutpāda: śāstrābhidheyārtha: | 

sarvaprapañcopaśamaśivalakṡaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ śāstrasya prayojanaṃ nirdiṡṭam | 

taṃ vande vadatāṃ varam | 

ityanena praṇāma: | ityeṡa tāvacchlokadvayasya samudāyārtha: || 

avayavārthastu vibhajyate | tatra niruddhirnirodha: | kṡaṇabhaṅgo nirodha ityucyate | 

utpādanamutpāda: | ātmabhāvonmajjanamityartha: | ucchittiruccheda: | prabandhavicchitti- 

rityartha: | śāśvato nitya: | sarvakāle sthāṇu{1. ##Mss.## sthānu: ##for## sthāsnu: (?).}rityartha: | ekaścāsāvarthaścetyekārtho- 

'bhinnārtha: | na prthagityartha: | nānārtho bhinnārtha: | prthagityartha: | āgatirāgama:, viprakrṡṭa- 

deśāvasthitānāṃ saṃnikrṡṭadeśāgamanam | nirgatirnirgama:, saṃnikrṡṭadeśāvasthitānāṃ viprakrṡṭa- 

deśagamanam | etirgatyartha:, prati: prāptyartha: | upasargavaśena dhātvarthavipariṇāmāt- 

upasargeṇa dhātvartho balādanyatra nīyate |

gaṅgāsalilamādhuryaṃ sāgareṇa yathāmbhasā || 

pratītyaśabdo’tra lyabanta: prāptāvapekṡāyāṃ vartate | samutpūrva: padi: prādurbhāvārtha iti 

samutpādaśabda: prādurbhāve vartate | tataśca hetupratyayāpekṡo bhāvānāmutpāda: pratītya- 

samutpādārtha: ||

apare tu bruvate-itirgamanaṃ vināśa: | itau sādhava ityā: | pratirvīpsārtha: | 

ityevaṃ taddhitāntamityaśabdaṃ vyutpādya prati prati ityānāṃ vināśināṃ samutpāda iti 

varṇayanti | teṡāṃ “pratītyasamutpādaṃ vo{2. ##Mss.## bodhi vo ##which is confirmed by T.##} bhikṡavo deśayiṡyāmi”, “ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ 

paśyati sa dharmaṃ paśyati” ityevamādau viṡaye vīpsārthasya saṃbhavāt samāsasadbhāvācca 

syājjyāyasī vyutpatti: | iha tu “cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṡurvijñānam” 

ityevamādau viṡaye sākṡādaṅgīkrtārthaviśeṡe cakṡu: pratītyeti pratītyaśabda: ekacakṡu-

rindriyahetukāyāmapyekavijñānotpattāvabhīṡṭāyāṃ kuto vīpsārthatā ? prāptyarthastvanaṅgī- 

krtārthaviśeṡe’pi pratītyaśabde saṃbhavati-prāpya saṃbhava:, pratītya samutpāda iti | 

aṅgīkrtārthaviśeṡe’pi saṃbhavati-cakṡu: pratītya, cakṡu: prāpya, cakṡū rūpaṃ{3. ##Mss. P## cakṡu: prekṡyeti ##for## cakṡū rūpaṃ cāpekṡya ##which is confirmed by T.##} cāpekṡyeti 

@003

vyākhyānāt | taddhitānte cetyaśabde “cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṡurvijñānam” 

ityatra pratītyaśabdasyāvyayatvābhāvāt samāsāsadbhāvācca vibhaktiśrutau satyāṃ cakṡu: 

pratītya vijñānaṃ rūpāṇi ca iti nipāta: syāt | na caitadevam | ityavyayasyaiva lyabantasya 

vyutpattirabhyupeyā || 

yastu-“vīpsārthatvātpratyupasargasya, ete: prāptyarthatvāt, samutpādaśabdasya ca 

saṃbhavārthatvāt, tāṃstān pratyayān pratītya samutpāda: prāpya saṃbhava ityeke | prati prati 

vināśināmutpāda: pratītyasamutpāda ityanye”-iti paravyākhyānamanūdya dūṡaṇamabhidhatte, | 

tasya parapakṡānuvādākauśalatvameva tāvatsaṃbhāvyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yo hi prāptyarthaṃ 

pratītyaśabdaṃ {1. ##T## pratītyasamutpādaśabdaṃ ##for## pratītyaśabdaṃ,} vyācaṡṭe, nāsau pratiṃ vīpsārthaṃ vyācaṡṭe, nāpyetiṃ prāptyartham, kiṃ tarhi pratiṃ 

prāptyartham, samuditaṃ ca pratītyaśabdaṃ prāptāveva varṇayati || 

tena idānīṃ prāpya saṃbhava: pratītyasamutpāda ityevaṃ vyutpāditena pratītyasamutpāda- 

śabdena yadi niravaśeṡasaṃbhavipadārthaparāmarśo vivakṡita:, tadā tāṃ tāṃ hetupratyayasāmagrīṃ 

prāpya saṃbhava pratītya samutpāda iti vīpsāsaṃbandha: kriyate | atha viśeṡaparāmarśa:, tadā 

cakṡu: prāpya rūpāṇi ceti na vīpsāyā: saṃbandha iti || evaṃ tāvadanuvādākauśala- 

mācāryasya || 

etadvā {2. ##T om.## etadvā ayuktam | kiṃ ca.} ayuktam | kiṃ ca | ayuktametat “cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate 

cakṡurvijñā{3. ##P## vijñānamityatrāha yārthābhisaṃbhavāditi veti yaduktam; ##C## yārthābhisaṃbandhāditi ##for## 

vijñānamiti atrārthadvayāsaṃbhavāt ##which is confirmed by T.##}nam” iti, atrārthadvayāsaṃbhavāt iti yaduktaṃ dūṡaṇam, tadapi nopapadyate | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? kathamanenaiva tatprāpte: saṃbhava iti yuktyanupādānena pratijñāmātratvāt | 

athāyamabhiprāya: syāt-arūpitvādvijñānasya cakṡuṡā prāptirnāsti, rūpiṇāmeva tatprāpti-

darśanāditi, etadapi na yuktam, `prāptaphalo’yaṃ bhikṡu:’ ityatrāpi prāptyabhyupagamāt | 

prāpyaśabdasya ca apekṡyaśabdaparyāyatvāt | prāptyarthasyaiva ācāryāryanāgārjunena pratītya- 

śabdasya 

tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvata: | 

ityabhyupagamāt | tato dūṡaṇamapi nopapadyate ityapare || 

yaccāpi svamataṃ vyavasthāpitam-“kiṃ tarhi, asmin sati idaṃ bhavati, asyo- 

tpādādidamutpadyate, iti idaṃpratyayatārtha: pratītyasamutpādārtha iti”, tadapi nopapadyate, 

pratītyasamutpādaśabdayo: pratyekamarthaviśeṡānamidhānāt, tadvyutpādasya ca vivakṡitatvāt{4. ##Mss.## vivarjitatvāt ##for## vivakṡitatvāt ##which is based on T.##} || 

@004

athāpi rūḍhiśabdaṃ pratītyasamutpādaśabdamabhyupetya araṇyetilakādivadevamucyate, 

tadapi nopapannam, avayavārthānugatasyaiva pratītyasamutpādasya ācāryeṇa 

tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvata: | 

ityabhyupagamāt | atha 

asminsatīdaṃ bhavati hrasve dīrghaṃ yathā sati | 

iti vyākhyāyamānena nanu tadevābhyupagataṃ bhavati, hrasvaṃ pratītya, hrasvaṃ prāpya, hrasvamapekṡya’ 

dīrghaṃ bhavatīti | tataśca yadeva dūṡyate tadevābhyupagamyate iti na yujyate | ityalaṃ prasaṅgena || 

tadevaṃ hetupratyayāpekṡaṃ bhāvānāmutpādaṃ paridīpayatā bhagavatā ahetvekahetuviṡama- 

hetusaṃbhūtatvaṃ svaparobhayakrtatvaṃ ca bhāvānāṃ niṡiddhaṃ bhavati, tanniṡedhācca sāṃvrtānāṃ 

padārthānāṃ yathāvasthitaṃ sāṃvrtaṃ svarūpamudbhāvitaṃ bhavati | sa evedānīṃ sāṃvrta: pratītya-

samutpāda: svabhāvenānutpannatvād āryajñānāpekṡayā nāsminnirodho vidyate yāvannā- 

sminnirgamo vidyate ityanirodhādibhiraṡṭābhirviśeṡaṇairviśiṡyate | yathā ca nirodhādayo 

na santi pratītyasamutpādasya tathā sakalaśāstreṇa pratipādayiṡyati ||

anantaviśeṡaṇasaṃbhave’pi pratītyasamutpādasya aṡṭānāmevopādānameṡāṃ prādhānyena 

vivādāṅgabhūtatvāt | yathāvasthitapratītyasamutpādadarśane sati āryāṇā{2. ##T## abhidheyābhidhānalakṡaṇalakṡyādiprapañcānāṃ ##for## abhidheyādilakṡaṇasya prapañcasya.}mabhidheyādi- 

lakṡaṇasya prapañcasya sarvathoparamāt, prapañcānāmupaśamo’sminniti sa eva pratītyasamutpāda:
prapañcopaśama ityucyate | cittacaittānāṃ ca tasminnapravrttau jñānajñeyavyavahāranivrttau 

jātijarāmaraṇādiniravaśeṡopadravarahitatvāt śiva: | yathābhihitaviśeṡaṇasya pratītya- 

samutpādasya deśanākriyayā īpsitatamatvāt karmaṇā nirdeśa: || 

anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam ||1|| 

ya:pratītyasamutpādaṃ prapañcopaśamaṃ śivam | 

deśayāmāsa saṃbuddhastaṃ vande vadatāṃ varam ||2|| 

[maṅgalaślokau] 

yathopavarṇitapratītyasamutpādāvagamācca tathāgatasyaivaikasyāviparītārthavāditvaṃ paśyan 

sarvaparapravādāṃśca bālapralāpānivāvetya atīva prasādānugata ācāryo bhūyo bhagavantaṃ 

viśeṡayati-vadatāṃ varamiti || 

atra ca nirodhasya pūrvaṃ pratiṡedha: utpādanirodhayo: paurvāparyāvasthāyā: siddhya- 

bhāvaṃ dyotayitum | vakṡyati hi- 

@005

pūrvaṃ jātiryadi bhavejjarāmaraṇamuttaram | 

nirjarāmaraṇā jātirbhavejjāyeta cāmrta: || 

[ma^ śā^ 11.3] 

iti | tasmānnāyaṃ niyamo yat{1. ##T## yajjanma pūrvaṃ bhavati jarāmaraṇaṃ paścāt ##for## yatpūrvaṃ….nirodheneti.} pūrvamutpādena bhavitavyaṃ paścānnirodheneti || 

idānīmanirodhādiviśiṡṭapratītyasamutpādapratipipādayiṡayā utpādapratiṡedhena 

nirodhādipratiṡedhasaukaryaṃ manyamāna ācārya: prathamamevotpādapratiṡedhamārabhate | utpādo hi 

parai: parikalpyamāna: svato vā parikalpyeta, parata:, ubhayata:, ahetuto vā parikalpyeta | 

sarvathā ca nopapadyata iti niścityāha- 

na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyāṃ nāpyahetuta: | 

utpannā jātu vidyante bhāvā: kvacana kecana ||3|| 

tatra jātviti kadācidityartha: | kvacanaśabda ādhāravacana: kvacicchabdaparyāya: | 

kecanaśabda ādheyavacana: kecicchabdaparyāya: | tataścaivaṃ saṃbandha:-naiva svata utpannā 

jātu vidyante bhāvā:, kvacana, kecana | evaṃ pratijñātrayamapi yojyam || 

nanu ca-naiva svata utpannā ityavadhāryamāṇe parata utpannā ityaniṡṭaṃ 

prāpnoti | na prāpnoti | prasajyapratiṡedhasya vivakṡitatvāt, parato’pyutpādasya prati- 

ṡetsyamānatvāt | yayā copapattyā svata utpādo na saṃbhavati, sā- 

tasmāddhi tasya bhavane na guṇo’sti kaści- 

jjātasya janma punareva ca naiva yuktam | 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.8] 

ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādidvāreṇāvaseyā || 

ācāryabuddhapālitastvāha-na svata utpadyante bhāvā:, tadutpādavaiyarthyāt, 

atiprasaṅgadoṡācca{2. ##T om.## doṡa.} | na hi svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ padārthānāṃ punarutpāde prayojanamasti | 

atha sannapi jāyeta, na kadācinna jāyeta iti || 

atraike dūṡaṇamāhu:-tadayuktam, hetudrṡṭāntānabhidhānātparoktadoṡāparihārācca{3. ##Mss. om.## ca.} | 

prasaṅgavākyatvācca{4. ##T om.## ca.} prakrtārthaviparyayeṇa viparītārthasādhyataddharmavyaktau parasmādutpannā- 

bhāvājanmasāphalyāt janmaniro (bo ?) dhācceti krtāntavirodha: syāt || 

sarvametaddūṡaṇamayujyamānaṃ vayaṃ paśyāma: | kathaṃ krtvā ? tatra yattāvaduktaṃ hetudrṡṭā-
ntānabhidhānāditi, tadayuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmātpara: svata utpattimabhyupagacchan{5. ##After## ^gacchan ##Mss. and P add## vidyamānasya punarutpāde ##which T om.##}
@006

prcchyate-svata iti hetutvena tadeva cotpadyate iti ? na ca vidyamānasya punarutpattau 

prayojanaṃ paśyāma:, anavasthāṃ ca paśyāma: | na ca tvayā utpannasya punarutpāda iṡyate’na- 

vasthā cāpyaniṡṭeti | tasmānnirupapattika eva tvadvāda: svābhyupagamavirodhaśceti | 

kimiti codite paro nābhyupaiti yato hetudrṡṭāntopādānasāphalyaṃ syāt ? atha svābhyu- 

pagamavirodha{1. ##Mss.## ^viruddhacodanayāpi ##for## ^virodha^.}codanayāpi paro na nivartate, tadā nirlajjatayā hetudrṡṭāntābhyāmapi naiva 

nivarteta | na conmattakena sahāsmākaṃ vivāda iti | tasmātsarvathā{2. ##T om.## sarvathā.} priyānumānatā- 

mevātmana: ācārya: prakaṭayati asthāne’pyanumānaṃ praveśayan{3. ##Mss.## praveśayet ##for## praveśayan.} |na ca mādhyamikasya sata:{4. ##P## svata: ##for## sata: ##which is not rendered in T.##}
svatantramanumānaṃ kartuṃ yuktaṃ pakṡāntarābhyupagamābhāvāt | tathoktamāryadevena- 

sadasatsadasacceti yasya pakṡo na vidyate | 

upālambhaścireṇāpi tasya vaktuṃ na śakyate || 

(catu:śataka-16.25)

vigrahavyāvartanyāṃ coktam- 

yadi kācana pratijñā syānme tata{5. ##Mss.## tadeṡa ##for## tata eṡa.} eva me bhaveddoṡa: | 

nāsti ca mama pratijñā tasmānnaivāsti me doṡa: || 

yadi kiṃcidupalabheyaṃ pravartayeyaṃ nivartayeyaṃ vā |

pratyakṡādibhirarthaistadabhāvānme’nupālambha: || 

[vigrahavyāvartanī-29-30]

iti | yadā caivaṃ svatantrānumānānabhidhāyitvaṃ mādhyamikasya, tadā kuta: “nādhyātmi- 

kānyāyatanāni svata utpannāni” iti svatantrā pratijñā yasyāṃ sāṃkhyā: pratyavasthā- 

pyante | ko’yaṃ pratijñārtha: kiṃ kāryātmakatvātsvata{6. ##Mss.## kāryātmaka: svata: ##for## kāryātmakatvātsvata:.} uta kāraṇātmakatvāditi | kiṃ 

cāta: ? kāryātmakāccet siddhasādhanam, kāraṇātmakāccet viruddhārthatā, kāraṇātmanā 

vidyamānasyaiva sarvasyotpattimata utpādāditi | kuto’smākaṃ vidyamānatvāditi heturyasya 

siddhasādhanaṃ viruddhārthatā vā syāt, yasya siddhasādhanasya yasyāśca viruddhārthatāyā: 

pariah#rārthaṃ yatnaṃ kariṡyāma: | tasmātparoktadoṡāprasaṅgādeva tatparihāra: ācārya- 

buddhapālitena na varṇanīya: || 

athāpi syāt-mādhyamikānāṃ pakṡahetudrṡṭāntānāmasiddhe: svatantrānumānānabhi- 

dhāyitvāt svata utpattipratiṡedhapratijñātārtha{7. ##T## pratijñārtha^ ##for## pratijñātārtha^.}sādhanaṃ mā bhūdubhayasiddhena vānumānena para- 

pratijñānirākaraṇam, parapratijñāyāstu svata evānumānavirodhacodanayā svata eva pakṡa- 

hetudrṡṭānta{8. ##Mss.## drṡṭāntāpekṡārahitai: ##for## drṡṭāntadoṡarahitai:,}doṡarahitai: pakṡādibhirbhavitavyam | tataśca tadanabhidhānāt taddoṡāparihārācca 

@007

sa eva doṡa iti | ucyate | naitadevam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmād yo hi yamarthaṃ prati- 

jānīte, tena svaniścayavadanyeṡāṃ niścayotpādanecchayā yayā upapattyā asāvartho’dhigata: 

saivopapatti: parasmai{1. ##Mss.## parasmāt ##for## parasmai.}  upadeṡṭavyā | tasmādeṡa tāvannyāya:-yatpareṇaiva svābhyupagataprati- 

jñātārthasādhanamupādeyam | na cāyaṃ (cānena ?) paraṃ prati | hetudrṡṭāntāsaṃbhavāt prati- 

jñānusāratayaiva{2. ##Mss.## svapratijñāmātrasāratayaiva ##for## pratijñānusāratayaiva ##which is confirmed by T.##} kevalaṃ svapratijñātārthasādhanamupādatta iti nirupapattikapakṡābhyupagamāt 

svātmānamevāyaṃ kevalaṃ visaṃvādayan na śaknoti pareṡāṃ niścayamādhātumiti | idamevāsya 

spaṡṭataraṃ dūṡaṇaṃ yaduta svapratijñātārthasādhanāsāmarthyamiti kimatrānumānabādhodbhāvanayā 

prayojanam ? athāpyavaśyaṃ svato’numānavirodhadoṡa udbhāvanīya:, so’pyudbhāvita evā- 

cāryabuddhapālitena | kathamiti cet, na svata utpadyante bhāvā:, tadutpādavaiyarthyāditi 

vacanāt, atra hi tadityanena{3. ##Mss.## svata ityanena ##for## tadityanena ##which is confirmed by T.##} svātmanā vidyamānasya parāmarśa: | kasmāditi cet, 

tathā hi tasya saṃ{4. ##Mss. confused. Our text is based on T.##}graheṇoktavākyasyaitadvivaraṇavākyam, na hi svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ 

punarutpāde prayojanamiti | anena ca vākyena sādhyasādhanadharmānugatasya paraprasiddhasya 

sādharmyadrṡṭāntasyopādānam | tatra svātmanā vidyamānasyetyanena hetuparāmarśa: | utpāda- 

vaiyarthyādityanena sādhyadharmaparāmarśa: || tatra yathā-anitya śabda: | krtakatvāt{5. ##T## krtakānityatvāt ##for## krtakatvāt.} | 

krtakatvamanityaṃ drṡṭaṃ yathā ghaṭa: | tathā ca krtaka: śabda: | tasmātkrtakatvādanitya iti 
krtakatvamatra upanayābhivyakto hetu: | evamihāpi-na svata utpadyante bhāvā:, svātmanā 

vidyamānānāṃ punarutpādavaiyarthyāt | iha hi svātmanā vidyamānaṃ puro’vasthitaṃ ghaṭādikaṃ 

punarutpādānapekṡaṃ drṡṭam, tathā ca mrtpiṇḍādyavasthāyāmapi yadi svātmanā vidyamānaṃ 

ghaṭādikamiti manyase, tadāpi tasya svātmanā vidyamānasya nāstyutpāda iti | evaṃ 

svātmanā vidyamānatvena upanayābhivyaktena punarutpādapratiṡedhāvyabhicāriṇā hetunā svata 

eva sāṃkhyasyānumānavirodhodbhāvanamanuṡṭhitameveti | tatkimucyate tadayuktaṃ hetudrṡṭāntāna- 

bhidhānāditi ? 

na ca kevalaṃ hetudrṡṭāntānabhidhānaṃ na saṃbhavati, paroktadoṡāparihāradoṡo na 

saṃbhavati | kathaṃ krtvā ? sāṃkhyā hi naiva abhivyaktarūpasya puro’vasthitasya ghaṭasya 

punarabhivyaktimicchanti | tasyaiva ca iha drṡṭāntatvenopādānam, siddharūpatvāt | anabhi- 

vyaktarūpasya ca śaktirūpāpannasya utpattipratiṡedhaviśiṡṭasādhyatvāt kuta: siddhasādhana-

pakṡadoṡāśaṅkā, kuto vā hetorviruddhārthatāśaṅketi | tasmātsvato’numānavirodhacodanāyā- 

mapi yathopavarṇitadoṡā {6. ##T## doṡānabhidhānāt ##for## doṡābhāvāt.}bhāvātparoktadoṡāparihārāsaṃbhava eva | ityasaṃbaddhamevaitaddūṡaṇamiti 

vijñeyam || 

@008

ghaṭādikamityādiśabdena niravaśeṡotpitsupadārthasaṃgrahasya vivakṡitatvādanaikānti-

katāpi pa{1. ##Mss.## ghaṭādibhi: ##for## paṭādibhi: ##which is confirmed by T.##}ṭādibhirnaiva saṃbhavati || 

athavā | ayamanya: prayogamārga:-puruṡavyatiriktā: padārthā:svata utpattivādina: | 

tata eva na svata utpadyante | svātmanā vidyamānatvāt | puruṡavat | itīdamudāharaṇa- 

mudāhāryam || 

yadyapi ca abhivyaktivādina utpādapratiṡedho na bādhaka:, tathāpi abhivyaktā- 

vutpādaśabdaṃ nipātya pūrvaṃ paścācca anupalabdhyupalabdhisādharmyeṇa utpādaśabdenābhivyakte- 

revābhidhānādayaṃ pratiṡedho na abādhaka:{2. ##T## bādhaka: ##for## abādhaka:.} ||

kathaṃ punarayaṃ yathoktārthābhidhānaṃ vinā vyastavicāro labhyata iti cet, taducyate | 

atha{3. ##T and P## arthavākyāni ##for## atha vākyāni.} vākyāni krtāni, tāni mahārthatvādyathoditamarthaṃ saṃgrhya pravrttāni | tāni ca 

vyākhyāyamānāni yathoktamarthātmānaṃ prasūyanta iti nātra kiṃcidanupāttaṃ saṃbhāvyate || 

prasaṅgaviparītena cārthena parasyaiva saṃbandho nāsmākam | svapratijñāyā abhāvāt | 
tataśca siddhāntavirodhāsaṃbhava: | parasya ca yāvadbahavo doṡā: prasaṅgaviparītāpattyā 

āpadyante, tāvadasmābhirabhīṡyata eveti | kuto nu khalu aviparītācāryanāgārjunamatānu- 

sāriṇa: ācāryabuddhapālitasya sāvakāśavacanābhidhāyitvam, yato’sya paro’vakāśaṃ 

labheta ? ni:svabhāvabhāvavādinā sasvabhāvabhāvavādina: prasaṅge āpa (pā ?)dyamāne kuta: 

prasaṅgaviparītārthaprasaṅgitā ? na hi śabdā: dāṇḍapāśikā iva vaktāramasvatantrayanti, 

kiṃ tarhi satyāṃ śaktau vakturvivakṡāmanuvidhīyante | tataśca parapratijñāpratiṡedhamātraphalatvā- 

tprasaṅgāpādanasya nāsti prasaṅgaviparītārthāpatti: | tathā ca ācāryo bhūyasā prasaṅgā- 

pattimukhenaiva parapakṡaṃ nirākaroti sma | tadyathā- 

nākāśaṃ vidyate kiṃcitpūrvamākāśalakṡaṇāt | 

alakṡaṇaṃ prasajyeta syātpūrvaṃ yadi lakṡaṇāt || 

[ma^ śā^-5.1] 

rūpakāraṇanirmukte rūpe rūpaṃ prasajyate | 

āhetukaṃ na cāstyartha: kaścidāhetukā:{4. ##P## ahetuka: ##for## āhetuka:.} kvacit || 

[ma^ śā^-4.2] 

tadyathā- 

bhāvastāvanna nirvāṇaṃ jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇam | 

prasajyetāsti bhāvo hi na jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā || 

[ma^ śā^-24.4]

@009

ityādinā | atha arthavākyatvādācāryavākyānāṃ mahārthatve sati anekaprayoganiṡpatti- 

hetutvaṃ parikalpyate, ācāryabuddhapālitavyākhyānānyapi kimiti na tathaiva parikalpyante ? 

atha syāt-vrttikārāṇāmeṡa nyāya:, yatprayogavākyavistarābhidhānaṃ kartavya- 

miti, etadapi nāsti, vigrahavyāvartanyā{1. ##Mss.## vigrahavyāpattibhyāṃ ##for## vigrahavyāvartanyā,} vrttiṃ kurvatāpyācāryeṇa prayogavākyāna- 

bhidhānāt || 

api ca | ātmanastarkaśāstrātikauśalamātramāviścikīrṡayā{2. ##T## ^mātrānidarśanecchayā ##for## ^mātramāviścikīrṡayā,}  aṅgīkrtamadhyamaka- 

darśanasyāpi yatsvatantraprayogavākyābhidhānaṃ tadatitarāmanekadoṡasamudāyāspadamasya 

tārkikasyopalakṡyate | kathaṃ krtvā ? tatra yattāvadevamuktam-atra prayogavākyaṃ bhavati- 

na paramārthata: ādhyātmikānyāyatanāni svata utpannāni, vidyamānatvāt, caitanyavaditi | 

kimarthaṃ punaratra paramārthata iti viśeṡaṇamupādīyate ? lokasaṃvrtyābhyupagatasya utpādasya 

apratiṡidhyamānatvāt, pratiṡedhe ca abhyupetabādhāprasaṅgāditi cet, naitadyuktam | 

saṃvrtyāpi svata utpattyanabhyupagamāt | yathoktaṃ sūtre- 

“sa cāyaṃ bījahetuko’ṅkura utpadyamāno na svayaṃkrto na parakrto nobhayakrto 

nāpyahetusamutpanno neśvarakālāṇuprakrtisvabhāvasaṃbhūta:” iti | [śālistambasūtre] 

tathā- 

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro na ca yo bīju sa caiva aṅkuro | 

na ca anyu tato na caiva tadevamanuccheda aśāśvatadharmatā || 

[lalitavistara-13.102]

ihāpi vakṡyati- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam || 

[ma^ śā^-18.7] 

iti || 

paramatāpekṡaṃ viśeṡaṇamiti cet, tadayuktam | saṃvrtyāpi tadīyavyavasthānabhyu- 

pagamāt | satyadvayāviparītadarśanaparibhraṡṭā eva hi tīrthikā yāvadubhayathāpi niṡidhyante 

tāvad guṇa eva saṃbhāvyata iti | evaṃ paramatāpekṡamapi viśeṡaṇābhidhānaṃ na yujyate || 

na cāpi loka: svata utpattiṃ pratipanna:, yatastadapekṡayāpi viśeṡaṇasāphalyaṃ syāt | 

loko hi svata: parata ityevamādikaṃ vicāramanavatārya kāraṇātkāryamutpadyate itye- 

tāvanmātraṃ pratipanna: | evamācāryo’pi vyavasthāpayāmāsa | iti sarvathā viśeṡaṇavaiphalya- 

meva niścīyate || 

@010

api ca | yadi saṃvrtyā utpattipra{1. ##T om.## ^pratiṡedha^.}tiṡedhanirācikīrṡuṇā viśeṡaṇametadupādīyate, 

tadā svato’siddhādhāre pakṡadoṡa:, āśrayāsiddhau vā hetudoṡa: syāt | paramārthata: svataścakṡu- 

rādyāyatanānāmanabhyupagamāt | saṃvrtyā cakṡurādisadbhāvādadoṡa iti cet, paramārthata 

ityetattarhi kasya viśeṡaṇam ? sāṃvrtānāṃ cakṡurādīnāṃ paramārthata utpattipratiṡedhād 

utpattipratiṡedhaviśeṡaṇe paramārthagrahaṇamiti cet, evaṃ tarhi evameva vaktavyaṃ syāt- 

sāṃvrtānāṃ cakṡurādīnāṃ paramārthato nāstyutpattiriti | na caivamucyate | ucyamāne’pi 

parairvastusatāmeva cakṡurādīnāmabhyupagamāt, prajñaptisatāmanabhyupagamāt parato’siddhādhāra: 

pakṡadoṡa: syāditi na yuktametat || 

atha syāt-yathā anitya: śabda iti dharmadharmisāmānyameva grhyate n aviśeṡa:, 

viśeṡagrahaṇe hi sati anumānānumeyavyavahārābhāva: syāt | tathā hi-yadi cāturmahā- 

bhautika: śabdo grhyate, sa parasyāsiddha: | athākāśaguṇo grhyate, sa bauddhasya svato’- 

siddha: | tathā vaiśeṡikasya śabdānityatāṃ pratijānānasya yadi kārya: śabdo grhyate, sa 

parato’siddha: | atha vyaṅgya:, sa svato’siddha: | evaṃ yathāsaṃbhavaṃ vināśo’pi yadi sahetuka:, 

sa bauddhasya {2. ##T om.## svata:.}svato’siddha: | atha nirhetuka:, sa parasyāsiddha iti | tasmād yathātra 

dharmadharmisāmānyamātrameva grhyate, evamihāpi dharmimātramutsrṡṭaviśeṡaṇaṃ grahīṡyata iti 

cet, naitadevam | yasmād yadaivotpādapratiṡedho’tra sādhyadharmo’bhipreta:, tadaiva dharmiṇastadā- 

dhārasya viparyāsamātrāsāditātmabhāvasya pracyuti: svayamevānenāṅgīkrtā | bhinnau hi 

viparyāsāviparyāsau | tadyadā viparyāsena asatsattvena grhyate, taimirikeṇeva keśādi, tadā 

kuta: sadbhūtapadārthaleśasyāpyupalabdhi: ? yadā ca aviparyāsādabhūtaṃ nādhyāropitaṃ 

vitaimirikeṇeva keśādi tadā kuto’sadbhūtapadārthaleśasyāpyupalabdhi:, yena tadānīṃ saṃvrti: 

syāt ? ata evoktamācāryapādai:-

yadi kiṃcidupalabheyaṃ pravartayeyaṃ nivartayeyaṃ vā | 

pratyakṡādibhirarthaistadabhāvānme’nupālambha: ||iti|| 

[vi^ vyā^-30] 

yataścaivaṃ bhinnau viparyāsāviparyāsau, ato viduṡāmaviparītāvasthāyāṃ viparītasyā- 

saṃbhavātkuta: sāṃvrtaṃ cakṡu: yasya dharmitvaṃ syāt ? iti na vyāvartate’siddhādhāre pakṡadoṡa:, 

āśrayāsiddho vā hetudoṡa: | ityaparihāra evāyam || 

nidarśanasyāpi nāsti sāmyam | tatra hi śabdasāmānyamanityatāsāmānyaṃ ca 

avivakṡitaviśeṡaṃ dvayorapi saṃvidyate | na tvevaṃ cakṡu:sāmānyaṃ śūnyatāśūnyatāvādibhyāṃ 

saṃvrtyā aṅgīkrtaṃ nāpi paramārthata: | iti nāsti nidarśanasya sāmyam || 

@011

yaścāyamasiddhādhārapakṡadoṡodbhāvane vidhi:, eṡa eva sa{1. ##Mss.## sattvādibhya: svaheto: ##for## sattvādityasya heto: ##which is confirmed by T.##}ttvādityasya hetora- 

siddhārthatodbhāvane’pi yojya: ||

itthaṃ caitadevam, yatsvayamapyanenāyaṃ yathokto’rtho’bhyupagatastārkikeṇa | santyevādhyātmi- 

kāyatanotpādakā hetvādaya:, tathā tathāgatena nirdeśāt | yaddhi yathā tathāgatenāsti nirdiṡṭaṃ 

tattathā, tadyathā śāntaṃ nirvāṇamiti || 

asya paropakṡiptasya sādhanasyedaṃ dūṡaṇamabhihitamanena-ko hi bhavatāmabhipreto’tra 

hetvartha: ? saṃvrtyā tathā tathāgatena nirdeśāt, uta paramārthata iti ? saṃvrtyā cet, svato 

hetorasiddhārthatā | paramārthataścet, 

na sannāsanna sadasaddharmo nirvartate yadā | 

sadasadubhayātmakakāryapratyayatvanirākaraṇāt, tadā- 

kathaṃ nirvartako heturevaṃ sati hi yujyate || 

[ma^ śā^-1.7] 

naivāsau nirvartako heturiti vākyārtha: | tataśca paramārthato nirvartyanirvartakatvāsiddhe:

asiddhārthatā viruddhārthatā vā hetoriti ||

yataścaivaṃ svayamevāmunā nyāyena hetorasiddhiraṅgīkrtānena, tasmātsarveṡvevānumāneṡu 

vastudharmopanyastahetukeṡu svata eva hetvādīnāmasiddhatvāt sarvāṇyeva sādhanāni vyāhanyante | 

tadyathā-na paramārthata: parebhyastatpratyayebhya: ādhyātmikāyatanajanma, paratvāt, tadyathā 

paṭasya{2. ##T## ghaṭasya ##for## paṭasya.} | athavā-na pare paramārthena vivakṡitā: cakṡurādyādhyātmikāyatananirvartakā: pratyayā 

iti pratīyante, paratvāt, tadyathā tantvādaya iti | paratvādikamatra svata evāsiddham || 

yathā cānena-utpannā eva ādhyātmikā{3. ##T## ādhyātmikāyatanā ##for## ādhyātmikā.} bhāvā:, tadviṡayiviśiṡṭavyavahāra- 

karaṇāt-ityasya parābhihitasya hetorasi{4. ##T## asiddhiṃ ##for## asiddhārthatāṃ.} ddhārthatāmudbhāvayiṡuṇā idamuktam, atha samā-

hitasya yogina: prajñācakṡuṡā  bhāvayāthātmyaṃ paśyata: utpādagatyādaya: santi paramārthata 

iti sādhyate, tadā tadviṡayiviśiṡṭavyavahārakaraṇāditi hetorasiddhārthatā, gaterapyutpāda- 

niṡedhādeva niṡedhāditi{5. ##After## iti, ##T adds## uktam.} | evaṃ svakrtasādhane’pi-paramārthato’gataṃ naiva gamyate, adhvatvāt, 

gatādhvavaditi adhvatvaheto:{6. ##Mss.## atha heto: ##for## adhvatvaheto: ##which is confirmed by T.##} svata evāsiddhārthatā yojyā ||

na paramārthata: sabhāgaṃ cakṡū rūpaṃ paśyati, cakṡurindriyatvāt, tadyathā tatsabhāgam | 

tathā-na cakṡu: prekṡate rūpam, bhautikatvāt, rūpavat{7. ##Mss.## svarūpavat ##for## rūpavat.}|kharasvabhāvā na mahī, bhūtatvāt, 

tadyathānila:, {8. ##Mss.## nalina ##for## anila:.} ityādiṡu hetvādyasiddhi: svata eva yojyā ||

@012

sattvāditi cāyaṃ hetu: parato’naikāntika: | kiṃ sattvāt caitanyavannādhyātmikā- 

nyāyatanāni svata utpadyantām, utāho ghaṭādivat svata utpadyantāmiti ghaṭādīnāṃ 

sādhyasamatvānnānaikāntikateti cet, naitadevam, tathānabhidhānāt || 

nanu ca yathā parakīyeṡvanumāneṡu dūṡaṇamuktam, evaṃ svānumāneṡvapi yathoktadūṡaṇa- 

prasaṅge sati sa eva asiddhādhārāsiddhahetvādidoṡa: prāpnoti, tataśca ya: ubhayordoṡa:, 

na tenaikaścodyo bhavatīti sarvametaddūṡaṇamayuktaṃ jāyata iti | ucyate | svatantramanumānaṃ 

bruvatāmayaṃ doṡo jāyate | na vayaṃ svatantramanumānaṃ prayu{1. ##Mss.## prayuñjāmahe ##for## prayuñjmahe.}ñjmahe parapratijñāniṡedhaphala- 

tvādasmadanumānānām | tathā hi-para: cakṡu: paśyatīti pratipanna: | sa tatprasiddhenaivānu- 

mānena nirākriyate-cakṡuṡa: svātmādarśanadharmamicchasi, paradarśanadharmāvinābhāvitvaṃ 

cāṅgīkrtam, tasmād yatra yatra svātmādarśanaṃ tatra tatra paradarśanamapi nāsti, tadyathā ghaṭe, 

asti ca cakṡuṡa: svātmādarśanam, tasmāt paradarśanamapyasya naivāsti | tataśca svātmā- 

darśanaviruddhaṃ nīlādiparadarśanaṃ svaprasiddhenaivānumānena virudhyata iti etāvanmātramasma- 

danumānairudbhāvyata iti kuto’smatpakṡe yathoktadoṡāvatāra:, yata: samānadoṡatā syāt ? 

kiṃ puna:-anyataraprasiddhenāpyanumānenāstyanumānabādhā | asti, sā ca

svaprasiddhenaiva hetunā, na paraprasiddhena, lokata evaṃ drṡṭatvāt  | kadāciddhi loke arthi- 

pratyarthibhyāṃ pramāṇīkrtasya sākṡiṇo vacanena  jayo bhavati parājayo vā, kadācit 

svavacanena | paravacanena tu na jayo nāpi parājaya: | yathā ca loke, tathā nyāye’pi | 

laukikasyaiva vyavahārasya nyāyaśāstre prastutatvāt | ata eva kaiściduktam-na parata: 

prasiddhibalādanumānabādhā, paraprasiddhereva nirācikīrṡitatvāditi | yastu manyate-ya 

eva ubhayaniścitavādī, sa pramāṇaṃ dūṡaṇaṃ vā, nānyataraprasiddhasaṃdigdhavācī iti, tenāpi 

laukikīṃ vyavasthāmanurudhyamānena anumāne yathokta eva nyāyo’bhyupeya: || 

tathā{2. ##Mss.## yathā ##for## tathā.} hi nobhayaprasiddhena vā āgamena bādhā, kiṃ tarhi svaprasiddhenāpi || 

svārthānumāne tu sarvatra svaprasiddhireva garīyasī, nobhayaprasiddhi: | ata eva 

tarkalakṡaṇābhidhānaṃ niṡprayojanam, yathāsvaprasiddhayā upapattyā buddhaistadanabhijñavineya- 

janānugrahāt | ityalaṃ prasaṅgena | prakrtameva vyākhyāsyāma: || 

parato’pi notpadyante bhāvā: | parābhāvādeva | etacca- 

na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṡu vidyate | 

[ma^ śā^-1.5] 

ityatra pratipādayiṡyati | tataśca parābhāvādeva nāpi parata utpadyante | api ca- 

@013

anyatpratītya yadi nāma paro’bhaviṡya- 

jjāyeta tarhi bahula: śikhino’ndhakāra: | 

sarvasya janmaca bhavetkhalu sarvataśca 

tulyaṃ paratvamakhile’janake’pi yasmāt || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.14] 

ityāninā [madhyamakāvatārāt] parata utpattipratiṡedho’vaseya: || 

ācāryabuddhapālitastu vyācaṡṭe-na parata utpadyante bhāvā:, sarvata: sarvasaṃbhava- 

prasaṅgāt | ācāryabhāvaviveko dūṡaṇamāha-tadatra prasaṅgavākyatvāt sādhyasādhanaviparyayaṃ 

krtvā, svata: ubhayata: ahetuto vā utpadyante bhāvā:, kutaścitkasyacidutpatte:, iti 

prākpakṡavirodha: | anyathā{1. ##T## anyathāpi ##for## anyathā.} sarvata: sarvasaṃbhavaprasaṅgāt ityasya sādhanadūṡaṇānanta:pāti- 

tvādasaṃgatārthametat [iti] | etadapyasaṃgatārtham | pūrvameva pratipāditatvād dūṡaṇānta:- 

pātitvācca parapratijñātārthadūṡaṇeneti yatkiṃcidetaditi na punaryatna āsthīyate || 

dvābhyāmapi nopajāyante bhāvā:, ubhayapakṡābhihitadoṡaprasaṅgāt pratyekamutpādā- 

sāmarthyācca | vakṡyati hi- 

syādubhābhyāṃ krtaṃ du:khaṃ syādekaikakrtaṃ yadi | iti || 

[ma^ śā^-12.9] 

ahetuto’pi notpadyante- 

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate | 

[ma^ śā^-8.4]

iti vakṡyamāṇadoṡaprasaṅgāt, 

grhyeta naiva ca jagadyadi hetuśūnyaṃ 

syādyadvadeva gaganotpalavarṇagandhau || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.99]

ityādidoṡaprasaṅgācca ||

ācāryabuddhapālitastvāha-ahetuto notpadyante bhāvā:, sadā ca sarvataśca sarva- 

saṃbhavaprasaṅgāt | atrācāryabhāvaviveko dūṡaṇamāha-atrāpi prasaṅgavākyatvāt yadi 

viparītasādhyasādhanavyaktivākyārtha iṡyate, tadā etaduktaṃ bhavati-hetuta utpadyante 

bhāvā:, kadācit kutaścit kasyacidutpatte:, ārambhasāphalyācca{2. ##Mss.## ārambhasadbhāvāt ##or## ^saṃbhavāt ##for##  ārambhasāphalyācca ##which is confirmed by T.##} | seyaṃ vyākhyā na yuktā 

prāguktadoṡāditi | tadetadayuktam, pūrvoditaparihārādityapare || 

@014

yaccāpi īśvarādīnāmupasaṃgrahārtham, tadapi na yuktam | īśvarādīnāṃ svaparobhaya-

pakṡeṡu yathābhyupagamamantarbhāvāditi || 

tasmāt prasādhitametannāstyupāda iti | utpādāsaṃbhavācca siddho’nutpādādi- 

viśiṡṭa: pratītyasamutpāda iti || 

atrāha-yadyevamanutpādādiviśiṡṭa: pratītyasamutpādo vyavasthito bhavadbhi:, 

yattarhi bhagavatoktam-avidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā:…avidyānirodhātsaṃskāranirodha iti, 

tathā- 

anityāśca te (bata ?) saṃskārā utpādavyayadharmiṇa: | 

utpadya hi nirudhyante teṡāṃ vyupaśama: sukha: || 

tathā-utpādādvā tathāgatānāmanutpādādvā tathāgatānāṃ sthitaivaiṡā dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā, 

eko dharma: sattvasthitaye yaduta catvāra āhārā:, dvau dharmau lokaṃ pālayato hrīścāpatrāpyaṃ 

cetyādi, tathā-paralokādihāgamanamihalokācca paralokagamanamiti, evaṃ nirodhādi- 

viśiṡṭa: pratītyasamutpādo deśito bhagavatā:, sa kathaṃ na ni(vi ?) rudhyata iti ? yata evaṃ {1. ##Mss.## evāha ##or## eva hi ##for## evaṃ.}

nirodhādaya: pratotyasamutpādasyopalabhyante, ata evedaṃ madhyamakaśāstraṃ praṇītamācāryeṇa 

neyanītārthasūtrāntavibhāgopadarśanārtham | tatra ya ete pratītyasamutpādasyotpādādaya uktā:, 

n ate vigatāvidyātimirānāsravaviṡayasvabhāvāpekṡayā, kiṃ tarhi avidyātimiropahata- 

matinayanajñānaviṡayāyekṡayā || 

tattvadarśanāpekṡayā tūktaṃ bhagavatā-etaddhi bhikṡava: paramaṃ satyaṃ yaduta amoṡadharma 

nirvāṇam, sarvasaṃskārāśca mrṡā moṡadharmāṇa: iti {2. ##Mss.## ityādi ##for## iti.} | tathā-nāstyatra tathatā vā 

avitathatā vā | moṡadharmakamapyetat, pralopadharmakamapyetat, {3. ##T om.## pralopadharmakametat.} mrṡāpyetat, māyeyaṃ bāla- 

lāpinī iti | tathā- 

phenapiṇḍopamaṃ rūpaṃ vedanā budbudopamā | 

marīcisadrśī saṃjñā saṃskārā: kadalīnibhā: | 

māyopamaṃ ca vijñānamuktamādityabandhunā || iti || 

evaṃ dharmān vīkṡamāṇo bhikṡurārabdhavīryavān | 

divā vā yadi vā rātrau saṃprajānan pratismrta: | 

pratividhyetpadaṃ{4. ##Mss.## pratibimbe pade ##for## pratividhyetpadaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} śāntaṃ saṃskāropaśamaṃ śivam || iti || 

nirātmakatvācca dharmāṇāmityādi || 

@015

yasyaivaṃ deśanābhiprāyānabhijñatayā saṃdeha: syāt-kā hyatra deśanā tattvārthā, kā 

nu khalu ābhiprāyikīti, yaścāpi mandabuddhitayā neyārthāṃ deśanāṃ nītārthāmavagacchati, 

tayorubhayorapi vineyajanayo: ācāryo yuktyāgamābhyāṃ saṃśayamithyājñānāpākaraṇārthaṃ 

śāstramidamārabdhavān || 

tatra `na svata:' (ma^ śā^ 1.3) ityādinā yuktirupavarṇitā || 

tanmrṡā moṡadharma yadbhagavānityabhāṡata | 

sarve ca moṡadharmāṇa: saṃskārāstena tem rṡā || 

(ma^ śā^-13.1) 

pūrvā prajñāyate koṭirnetyuvāca mahāmuni: | 

saṃsāro’navarāgro hi nāstyādirnāpi paścimam || 

(ma^ śā^-11.1) 

kātyāyanāvavāde ca asti nāstīti cobhayam | 

pratiṡiddhaṃ bhagavatā bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā || 

(ma^ śā^-15.7) 

ityādinā āgamo varṇita: || 

uktaṃ ca āryākṡayamatisūtre- 

katame sūtrāntā neyārthā: katame nītārthā: ? ye sūtrāntā mārgāvatārāya nirdiṡṭā:, 

ima ucyante neyārthā: | ye sūtrāntā: phalāvatārāya nirdiṡṭā:, ima ucyante neyārthā:{1. ##The copyist seems to have abridged the text which according to T will be## yeṡu sūtrānteṡu ātmasattvajīvapoṡapuruṡapudgalamanujamanuṡyakārakavedakā nānāśabdairākhyāyante, yeṡu cāsvāmikam % sasvāmikatvena nirdiṡṭam, te neyārthā:.} | 

yāvad ye sūtrāntā: śūnyatānimittāpraṇihitānabhisaṃskārājātānutpādābhāvanirātma- 

ni:sattvanirjīvani `pudgalāsvāmikavimokṡamukhā nirdiṡṭā:’ ta ucyante nītārthā: | iya- 

mucyate bhadanta śāradvatīputra nītārthasūtrāntapratiśaraṇatā, na naiyārthasūtrāntapratiśaraṇatā 

iti || 

tathā ca āryasamādhirājasūtre- 

nītārthasūtrāntaviśeṡa jānati 

yathopadiṡṭā sugatena śūnyatā | 

yasmin puna: pudgalasattvapūruṡā{2. ^pūruṡo ##for## ^pūruṡā.}

neyārthato{3. neyārthatāṃ jānati sarvadharmān ##for the line.##} jānati sarvadharmān || 

(samādhirāja-7.5) 

@016

tasmādutpādādideśanāṃ mrṡārthāṃ pratipādayituṃ pratītyasamutpādānudarśanamārabdhavānācārya: || 

nanu ca-utpādādīnāmabhāve sati yadi sarvadharmāṇāṃ mrṡātvapratipādanārthamida- 

mārabdhavānācārya:, nanvevaṃ sati yanmrṡā na tadastīti na santyakuśalāni karmāṇi, tada- 

bhāvānna santi durgataya:, na santi kuśalāni karmāṇi, tadabhāvānna santi sugataya:, 

sugatidurgatyasaṃbhavācca nāsti saṃsāra:, iti sarvārambhavaiyarthyameva syāt | ucyate | 

saṃvrtisatyavyapekṡayā lokasya idaṃsatyābhiniveśasya pratipakṡabhāvena mrṡārthatā bhāvānāṃ 

pratipādyate’smābhi: | naiva tvāryā: krtakāryā: kiṃcidupalabhante yanmrṡā amrṡā vā 

syāditi | api ca | yena hi sarvadharmāṇāṃ mrṡātvaṃ{1. ##T## mrṡārthatā ##for## mrṡātvaṃ.} parijñātaṃ kiṃ tasya karmāṇi santi, 

saṃsāro vā asti ? na cāpyasau kasyaciddharmasya astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ vopalabhate | 

yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryaratnakūṭasūtre- 

cittaṃ hi kāśyapa parigaveṡyamāṇaṃ na labhyate | yanna labhyate tannopalabhyate | 

yannopalamyate tannaiva atītaṃ na anāgataṃ na pratyutpannam | yannaivātītaṃ nānāgataṃ na 

pratyutpannam, tasya nāsti svabhāva: | yasya nāsti svabhāva:, tasya nāstputpāda: | yasya 

nāstyutpāda:, tasya nāsti nirodha: || iti vistara: || 

yastu viparyā{2. ##C## viparyāsābhyupagamāt ##for## ^nugamānmr^.}sānugamānmrṡātvaṃ nāvagacchati, pratītya{3. ##T## pratītya bhāvānāṃ svabhāvaṃ parikalpya abhiniviśate ##for## pratītya^…^niviśate.} bhāvānāṃ svabhāvamabhi- 

niviśate, sa dharmeṡvidaṃsatyābhiniveśādabhiniviṡṭa: san karmāṇyapi karoti, saṃsāre’pi 

saṃsarati, viparyāsāvasthitatvānna bhavyo nirvāṇamadhigantum || 

kiṃ puna:-mrṡāsvabhāvā api padārthā: saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanaṃ bhavanti | 

tadyathā māyāyuvatistatsvabhāvānabhijñānām, tathāgatanirmitaśca upacitakuśalamūlānām | 

uktaṃ hi drḍhādhyāśayapariprcchāsūtre- 

tadyathā kulaputra māyākāranāṭake pratyupasthite māyākāranirmitāṃ striyaṃ drṡṭvā 

kaścidrāgaparītacetā: parṡacchāradyabhayena utthāyāsanādapakrāmet, so’pakramya tāmeva 

striyamaśubhato manasikuryāt, anityato du:khata: śūnyato’nātmato manasikuryāt | 

iti vistara: || 

vinaye ca- 

yantrakārakāritā yantrayuvati: sadbhūtayuvatiśūnyā sadbhūtayuvatirūpeṇa prati- 

bhāsate, tasyaca citrakārasya kāmarāgāspadībhūtā | tathā mrṡāsvabhāvā api bhāvā 

bālānāṃ saṃkleśavyavadāna{4. ##T om.## ^vyavadāna^.}nibandhanaṃ bhavanti || 

@017

tathā āryaratnakūṭasūtre- 

atha khalu tāni pañcamātrāṇi bhikṡuśatāni bhagavato dharmadeśanāmanavataratnyanavagāha- 

mānānyanadhimucyamānāni utthāyāsanebhya: prakrāntāni | atha bhagavān [tasyāṃ velāyāṃ] 

yena mārgeṇaite bhikṡavo gacchanti sma, tasmin mārge dvau bhikṡū nirmimīte sma || 

atha tāni pañca bhikṡuśatāni yena[mārgeṇa] tau dvau bhikṡū [nirmitakau] tenopa- 

saṃkrāmanti sma | upasaṃkramya tāvavocan-kutrāyuṡmantau gamiṡyatha: ? nirmitakāva- 

vocatām-gamiṡyāva āvāmaraṇyāyataneṡu, tatra dhyānasukhasparśavihārairvihariṡyāva: | 

yaṃ hi bhagavān dharmaṃ deśayati, tamāvāṃ nāvatarāvo nāvagāhāvahe nādhimucyāmahe 

uttrasyāva: saṃtrāsamāpadyāvahe | atha tāni pañca bhikṡuśatānyetadavocan-vayamapyā- 

yuṡmanto bhavagato dharmadeśanāṃ nāvatarāmo nāvagāhāmahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāma: 

saṃtrasyāma: saṃtrāsamāpadyāmahe | tena vayamaraṇyāyataneṡu dhyānasukhasparśavihārairvihariṡyāma: | 

nirmitakāvavocatām-tena hi āyuṡmanta: saṃgāsyāmo na vivadiṡyāma: | avivāda- 

paramā hi śramaṇasya dharmā: | …kasyāyuṡmanta: prahāṇāya pratipannā ? tānyavocan- 

rāgadveṡamohānāṃ prahāṇāya vayaṃ pratipannā: | nirmitakāvavocatām-kiṃ punarāyuṡmatāṃ 

saṃvidyante rāgadveṡamohā yān kṡapayiṡyatha ? tānyavocan-na te’dhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā 

nobhayamantareṇopalabhyante, nāpi te’parikalpitā utpadyante | nirmitakāvavocatām- 

tena hi āyuṡmanto mā kalpayata, [mā vikalpayata] | yadā cāyuṡmanto na kalpayiṡyatha 

na vikalpayiṡyatha, tadā na raṃkṡyatha na viraṃkṡyatha | yaśca na rakto na virakta:, sa śānta 

ityucyate | śīlamāyuṡmanto na saṃsarati na parinirvāti | samādhi: prajñā vimukti- 

rvimuktijñānadarśanamāyuṡmanto na saṃsarati na parinirvāti | ebhiścāyuṡmanto dharmainirvāṇaṃ 

sūcyate | ete ca dharmā: śūnyā: prakrtiviviktā: | prajahītaitāmāyuṡmanta: saṃjñāṃ yaduta 

parinirvāṇamiti | mā ca saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāṃ kārṡṭa, mā ca saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāṃ parijñāsiṡṭa | 

yo hi saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāṃ parijānāti, saṃjñā bandhanamevāsya tadbhavati | saṃjñāvedayita- 

nirodhasamāpattimāyuṡmanta: samāpadyadhvam | sajñāvedayitanirodhasamāpattisamāpannasya 

bhikṡornāstyuttarīkaraṇīyamiti vadāva: || 

atha teṡāṃ pañcānāṃ bhikṡuśatānāmanupādāyāśravebhyaścittāni vimuktānyabhūvan | 

tāni vimuktacittāni yena bhagavāṃstenopasaṃkrāntāni | upasaṃkramya bhagavata: pādau 

śirasābhivandyaikānte nyasīdan || 

athāyuṡmān subhūtistān bhikṡūnetadavocat-kutrāyuṡmanto gatā: kuto vāgatā: ? 

te’vocan-na kvacidgamanāya na kutaścidāgamanāya bhadanta subhūte bhagavatā dharmo deśita: | 

āha-ko nāmāyuṡmatāṃ śāstā ? āhu:-yo notpanno na parinirvāsyati | āha- 

@018

kathaṃ yuṡmābhirdharma: śruta: ? āhu:-na bandhanāya na mokṡāya | āha-kena yūyaṃ vinītā: ? 

āhu:-yasya na kāyo na cittam | āha-kathaṃ yūyaṃ prayaktā: ? āhu:-nāvidyāprahāṇāya 

na vidyotpādanāya | āha-kasya yūyaṃ śrāvakā: ? āhu:-yena na prāptaṃ nābhisaṃbuddham | 

āha-ke yuṡmākaṃ sabrahmacāriṇa: ? āhu:-ye traidhātuke nopavicaranti | āha- 

kiyaccireṇāyuṡmanta: parinirvāsyanti ? āhu:-yadā tathāgatanirmitā: parinirvāsyanti | 

āha-krtaṃ yuṡmābhi: karaṇīyam ? āhu-ahaṃkāramamakāraparijñānata: | āha- 

kṡīṇā yuṡmākaṃ kleśā: ? āhu:-atyantakṡayātsarvadharmāṇām | āha-dharṡito yuṡmā- 

bhirmāra: ? āhu:-skandhamārānupalambhāt | āha-paricarito yuṡmābhi: śāstā ? 

āhu:-na kāyena na vācā na manasā | āha-viśodhitā yuṡmābhirdakṡiṇīyabhūmi: ? 

āhu:-agrāhato’pratigrāhata: āha-uttīrṇo yuṡmābhi: saṃsāra: ? āhu:-anucchedato’- 

śāśvatata: | āha-pratipannā yuṡmābhirdakṡiṇīyabhūmi: ? āhu:-sarvagrāhavinirmuktita: | 

āha-kiṃgāmina āyuṡmanta: ? āhu:-yaṃgāminastathāgatanirmitā: | iti hyāyuṡmata: 

subhūte: pariprcchatasteṡāṃ bhikṡūṇāṃ prativisarjayatāṃ tasyāṃ parṡadi aṡṭānāṃ bhikṡuśatānā- 

manupādāyāśravebhyaścittāni vimuktani, dvātriṃśataśca prāṇisahasrāṇāṃ virajo vigatamalaṃ 

dharmacakṡurviśuddham | iti || 

ityevaṃ mrṡāsvabhāvābhyāṃ tathāgatanirmitābhyāṃ bhikṡubhyāṃ pañcānāṃ bhikṡuśatānāṃ 

vyavadānanibandhanaṃ krtamiti || 

uktaṃ ca āryavajramaṇḍāyāṃ dhāraṇyām- 

tadyathā mañjuśrī: kāṇḍaṃ ca pratītya mathanīṃ ca pratītya puruṡasya hasyavyāyāmaṃ ca 

pratītya dhūma: prādurbhavatīti agnirabhinirvartate | sa cāgnisaṃtāpo na kāṇḍasaṃniśrito na 

mathanīsaṃniśrito na puruṡahastavyāyāmasaṃniśrita: | evameva mañjuśrī: asadviparyāsamohitasya 

puruṡapudgalasya utpadyate rāgaparidāho dveṡaparidāho mohaparidāha: | sa ca paridāho 

nādhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā nobhayamantareṇa sthita: || 

api tu mañjuśrī: yaducyate moha iti, tatkena kāraṇenocyate moha iti ? 

atyantamukto hi mañjuśrī: sarvadharmairmohastenocyate moha iti | tathā narakamukhā 

mañjuśrī: sarvadharmā idaṃ dhāraṇīpadam | āha-kathaṃ bhagavannidaṃ dhāraṇīpadam ? āha- 

narakā mañjuśrī: bālaprgthajanairasadviparyāsaviṭhapitā: svavikalpasaṃbhūtā: | āha-ku tra 

bhagavannarakā: samavasaranti ? bhagavānāha-ākāśasamavasaraṇā mañjuśrī: narakā: | 

tatkiṃ manyase mañjuśrī: svavikalpasaṃbhūtā narakā uta svabhāvasaṃbhūtā: ? āha-sva- 

vikalpenaiva bhagavan sarvabālaprthagjanā narakatiryagyoniyamalokaṃ saṃjānanti | te ca 

asatsamāropeṇa du:khāṃ vedanāṃ vedayanti du:khamanubhavanti triṡvapyapāyeṡu || 

@019

yathā cāhaṃ bhagavan narakān paśyāmi tathā nārakaṃ du:kham | tadyathā bhagavan kaści- 

deva puruṡa: sputa: svapnāntaragato narakagatamātmānaṃ saṃjānīte | sa tatra kvathitāyāṃ{1. ##P## kathitāyāṃ ##for## kvathitāyāṃ.} 

saṃprajvalitāyāmanekapauruṡāyāṃ lohakumbhyāṃ{2. ##C## lohakuṇḍyāṃ ##for## ^kumbhyāṃ.} prakṡiptamātmānaṃ saṃjānīyāt | sa tatra kharāṃ 

kaṭukāṃ tīvrāṃ du:khāṃ vedanāṃ vedayet | sa tatra mānasaṃ paridāhaṃ saṃjānīyāt uttraset saṃtrā- 

samāpadyeta | sa tatra pratibuddha: samāna:-aho du:kham, aho du:kham, iti krandet śocet 

paridevet | atha tasya mitrajñātisālohitā: pariprccheyu:-kena tatte du:khamiti | sa tān 

mitrajñātisālohitānevaṃ vadet{3. ##Mss.## vedayet ##for## vadet ##which is confirmed by T.##}-nairayikaṃ du:khamanubhūtam | sat ānākrośet paribhāṡet- 

ahaṃ ca nāma nairayikaṃ du:khamanubhavāmi | yūyaṃ ca me uttari pariprcchatha kenaitattava du:kha- 

miti | atha te mitrajñātisālohitāstaṃ puruṡamevaṃ vadeyu:-mā bhairbho: puruṡa | supto hi 

tvam | na tvamito grhāt kvacinnirgata: | tasya punarapi smrtirutpadyate-supto’hamabhūvam | 

vitathametanmayā parikalpitamiti{4. ##Mss.## parikalpitamanubhūtamiti ##for## parikalpitamiti ##which is confirmed by T.##} | sa punarapi saumanasyaṃ pratilabhate || 

tadyathā bhagavan sa puruṡo’satsamāropeṇa supta: svapnāntaragato narakagatamātmānaṃ 

saṃjānīyāt, evameva bhagavan sarvabālaprthagjanā asadbhāgaparyavanaddhā: strīnimittaṃ kalpa- 

yanti | te strīnimittaṃ kalpayitvā tābhi: sārdhaṃ ramamāṇamātmānaṃ saṃjānanti | tasya 

bālaprthajanasyaivaṃ bhavati-ahaṃ puruṡa:, iyaṃ strī, mamaiṡā strī | tasya tena cchandarāgaparya-

vasthitena cittena bhogaparyeṡṭiṃ{5. ##Mss.## bhogaparyastiṃ ##for## ^paryeṡṭiṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} cittaṃ krāmayanti | sa tatonidānaṃ kalahavigrahavivādaṃ 

saṃjanayati | tasya praduṡṭendriyasya vairaṃ saṃjāyate | sa tena saṃjñāviparyāsena kālagata: 

samāno bahūni kalpasahasrāṇi narakeṡu du:khāṃ vedanāṃ vedayamānamātmānaṃ saṃjānāti || 

tadyathā bhagavan tasya puruṡasya mitrajñātisālohitā evaṃ vadanti-mā bhai:, mā bhai:, 

bho puruṡa | supto hi tvam | na tvamito grhāt kutaścinnirgata: iti | evameva buddhā bhagavanta- 

ścaturviparyāsaviparyastānāṃ sattvānāmevaṃ dharmaṃ deśayanti-nātra strī na puruṡo na sattvo na 

jīvo na puruṡo na pudgala: | vitathā ime sarvadharmā: | asanta ime sarvadharmā: | viṭhapitā 

ime sarvadharmā: | māyopamā ime sarvadharmā: | svapnopamā ime sarvadharmā: | nirmitopamā ime 

sarvadharmā: | udakacandropamā ime sarvadharmā: | iti vistara: | te imāṃ tathāgatasya dharma- 

deśanāṃ śrutvā vigatarāgān sarvadharmān paśyanti | vigatamohān sarvadharmān paśyanti 

asvabhāvānanāvaraṇān | te ākāśasthitena cetasā kālaṃ{6. ##T## maraṇakālaṃ ##for## kālaṃ.} kurvanti | te kālagatā:{7. ##T## kālaṃ krtvā samanantaraṃ ##for## kālagatā: samānā:.} 

samānā nirupadhiśeṡe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvānti | evamahaṃ bhagavan narakān 

paśyāmi | iti ||

@020

uktaṃ ca āryopālipariprcchāyām- 

bhaya darśita nairayikaṃ me 

sattvasahasra savejita naike | 

na ca vidyati kaściha sattva 

yo cyutu gacchati ghoramapāyam || 

na ca kāraku kāraṇa santi 

yehi krtā asitomaraśastrā: | 

kalpavaśena tu paśyati tatra 

kāyi patanti apāyita śastrā: || 

citramanorama sajjitapuṡpā: 

svarṇavimāna jalanti manojn ~ā: | 

teṡvapi kāraku nāstiha kaści 

te’pi ca sthāpita kalpavaśena || 

kalpavaśena vikalpitu loka: 

saṃjñagaheṇa vikalpitu bāla: {1. ##Mss.## vāsa: ##for## bāla:.}|

so ca gaho agaho asabhūto 

māyamarīcisamā hi vikalpā: || 

tadevamete’svabhāvā bhāvā: svaviparyāsaviṭhapitā bālānāṃ saṃkleśahetavo bhavanti 

saṃsāre iti sthitam || 

yathā ca mrṡāsvabhāvānāṃ padārthānāṃ saṃkleśavyavadānahetutvaṃ tathā madhyamakāva- 

tārādvistareṇāvaseyam || 

atrāha-yadi svata: parata: ubhayato’hetutaśca nāsti bhāvānāmutpāda:, tatra 

kathamavidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā ityuktaṃ bhagavatā ? ucyate | saṃvrtireva na tattvam || 

kiṃ saṃvrtervyavasthānaṃ vaktavyam ? idaṃpratyayatāmātreṇa saṃvrte: siddhirabhyupagamyate |

na tu pakṡacatuṡṭayābhyupagamena sasvabhāvavādaprasaṅgāt, tasya cāyuktatvāt | idaṃpratyayatā- 

mātrābhyupagame hi sati hetuphalayoranyonyāpekṡatvānnāsti svābhāvikī siddhiriti nāsti 

sasvabhāvavāda: | ata evoktam- 

svayaṃ krtaṃ parakrtaṃ dvābhyāṃ krtamahetukam | 

tārkikairiṡyate du:khaṃ tvayā tūktaṃ pratītyajam || 

[lokātītastava-9] 

@021

ihāpi vakṡyati- 

pratītya kāraka: karma taṃ pratītya ca kārakam | 

karma pravartate nānyatpaśyāma: siddhikāraṇam ||iti|| 

[ma^ śa^-8.12] 

bhagavatāpyetāvanmātramevoktam- 

tatrāyaṃ dharmasaṃketo yadutāsmin satīdaṃ bhavati, asyotpādādidamutpadyate, yaduta 

avidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā:, saṃskārapratyayaṃ vijñānamityādi || 

atra kecitparicodayanti-anutpannā bhāvā iti kimayaṃ pramāṇajo niścaya 

utāpramāṇaja: ? tatra yadi pramāṇaja iṡyate, tadedaṃ vaktavyam-kati pramāṇāni kiṃlakṡaṇāni 

kiṃviṡayāṇi, kiṃ svata utpannāni kiṃ parata ubhayato’hetuto veti | athāpramāṇaja:, sa 

na yukta:, pramāṇādhīnatvātprameyādhigamasya | anadhigato hyartho na vinā pramāṇairadhigantuṃ 

śakyata iti pramāṇābhāvādarthādhigamābhāve sati kuto’yaṃ samyagniścaya iti na yukta- 

metadaniṡpannā bhāvā iti | yato vāyaṃ niścayo bhavato’nutpannā bhāvā iti bhaviṡyati, 

tata eva mamāpi sarvabhāvā: santīti | yathā cāyaṃ ten iścaya:-anutpannā sarvadharmā 

iti, tathaiva mamāpi sarvabhāvotpattirbhaviṡyati | atha ten āsti niścayo’nutpannā: 

sarvabhāvā iti, tadā svayamaniścitasya parapratyāyanāsaṃbhavācchāstrārambhavaiyarthyameveti 

santyapratiṡiddhā:{1. ##Mss.## aprasiddhā: ##for## apratiṡiddhā:.} sarvabhāvā iti | 

ucyate | yadi kaścinniścayo nāmāsmākaṃ syāt, sa pramāṇajo vā syāda- 

pramāṇajo  vā | na tvasti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? ihāniścayasaṃbhave sati syāttatpratipakṡa- 

stadapekṡo niścaya: | yadā tvaniścaya eva tāvadasmākaṃ nāsti, tadā kutastadviruddhāviruddho{2. ##T## tadviruddho ##for## tadviruddhāviruddho.}

niścaya: syāt saṃbandhyantaranirapekṡatvāt, kharaviṡāṇasya hrasvadīrghatāvat | yadā caivaṃ 

niścayasyābhāva:, tadā kasya prasiddhyarthaṃ pramāṇāni parikalpayiṡyāma: ? kuto vaiṡāṃ 

saṃkhyā lakṡaṇaṃ viṡayo vā bhaviṡyati-svata: parata ubhayato’hetuto vā samutpattiriti 

sarvametanna vaktavyamasmābhi: ||

yadyevaṃ niścayo nāsti sarvata:, kathaṃ punaridaṃ niścitarūpaṃ vākyamupalabhyate 

bhavatām-na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyāṃ nāpyahetuto bhāvā bhavantīti ? ucyate | 

niścitamidaṃ vākyaṃ lokasya svaprasiddhayaivopapattyā, nāryāṇām | kiṃ khalu āryāṇā- 

mupapattirnāsti ? kenaitaduktamasti vā nāsti veti | paramārtho hyāryāṇāṃ{3. ##Mss.## ārya: ##for## āryāṇāṃ.} tūṡṇīṃbhāva: | 

tata: kutastatra prapañcasaṃbhavo yadupapattiranupapattirvā syāt ? 

@022

yadi hyāryā upapattiṃ na varṇayanti, kena khalvidānīṃ paramārthaṃ lokaṃ bodhayiṡyanti ? 

na khalvāryā lokasaṃvyavahāreṇopapattiṃ varṇayanti, kiṃ tu lokata eva yā prasiddhopapatti:, 

tāṃ parāvabodhārthamabhyupetya tayaiva lokaṃ bodhayanti | yathaiva hi vidyamānāmapi śarīrā- 

śucitāṃ viparyāsānugatā rāgiṇo nopalabhante, śubhākāraṃ cābhūtamadhyāropya parikliśyante,

teṡāṃ vairāgyārthaṃ tathāgatanirmito dev ovā śubhasaṃjñayā prāk pracchāditān kāyadoṡānupa- 

varṇayet-santyasmin kāye keśā ityādinā | te ca tasyā: śubhasaṃjñāyā{1. ##Mss.## saṃjñāyā viṡayā ##for## ^saṃjñāyā vimuktā: ##which is based on T.##} vimuktā 

vairāgyamāsādayeyu: | evamihāpyāryai: sarvathāpyanupalabhyamānātmakaṃ bhāvānāmavidyātimiro- 

pahatamatinayanatayā viparītaṃ svabhāvamadhyāropya kvacicca kaṃcidviśeṡamatitarāṃ pari- 

kliśyanti prthagjanā: | tānidānīmāryā: tatprasiddhayaivopapattyā paribodhayanti | yathā 

vidyamānasya ghaṭasya{2. ##T om.## ghaṭasya.} na mrdādibhya utpāda ityabhyupetam, evamutpādātpūrvaṃ vidyamānasya 

vidyamānatvānnāstyutpāda ityavasīyatām | yathā ca parabhūtebhyo jvālāṅgārādibhyo- 

‘ṅkurasyotpattirnāsti iti abhyupetam, evaṃ vivakṡitebhyo’pi bījādibhyo nāstītya- 

vasīyatām || 

athāpi syāt-anubhava eṡo’smākamiti, etadapyuktam | yasmādanubhava eṡa 

mrṡā, anubhavatvāt, taimirikadvicandrādyanubhavavaditi | tataścānubhavasyāpi sādhyasamatvāttena 

pratyavasthānaṃ na yuktamiti{3. ##After## iti, ##T adds :## tatprasiddhayevopapattyā bodhayanti.} |tasmādanutpannā bhāvā ityevaṃ tāvadviparītasvarūpādhyāropa- 

pratipakṡeṇa prathamaprakaraṇārambha: | idānīṃ kvacidya: kaścidviśeṡo’dhyāropita:, tadviśeṡā- 

pākaraṇārthaṃ śeṡaprakaraṇārambha:, gantrgantavyagamanādiko’pi niravaśeṡo viśeṡo nāsti 

pratītyasamutpādasyeti pratipādanārtham || 

atha syāt-eṡa eva pramāṇaprameyavyavahāro laukiko’smābhi: śāstreṇānuvarṇita 

iti, tadanuvarṇanasya tarhi phalaṃ vācyam | kutārkikai: sa nāśito viparītalakṡaṇābhidhānena, 

tasyāsmābhi: samyaglakṡaṇamuktamiti cet, etadapyayuktam | yadi hi kutārkikairviparīta- 

lakṡaṇapraṇayanātkrtaṃ lakṡyavaiparītyaṃ lokasya syāt, tadarthaṃ prayatnasāphalyaṃ syāt | na 

caitadevam | iti vyartha evāyaṃ prayatna iti || 

api ca | yadi pramāṇādhīna: prameyādhigama:, tāni pramāṇāni kena paricchidyanta 

ityādinā vigrahavyāvartanyāṃ vihito doṡa: | tadaparihārāt samyaglakṡaṇadyotakatvamapi 

nāsti || 

kiṃ ca | yadi svasāmānyalakṡaṇadvayānurodhena pramāṇadvayamuktaṃ yasya tallakṡaṇadvayam, 

kiṃ tallakṡyamasti atha nāsti ? yadyasti, tadā tadaparaṃ prameyamastīti kathaṃ pramāṇadvayam ? 

@023

atha nāsti lakṡyam,{1. ##Mss.## lakṡaṇaṃ ##for## lakṡyaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} tadā lakṡaṇamapi nirāśrayaṃ nāstīti kathaṃ pramāṇadvayam ? 

vakṡyati hi- 

lakṡaṇāsaṃpravrttau ca na lakṡyamupapadyate | 

lakṡyasyānupapattau ca lakṡaṇasyāpyasaṃbhava: ||iti || 

[ma^ śā^-5.4]

atha syāt-na lakṡyate’neneti lakṡaṇam, kiṃ tarhi `krtyalyuṭo bahulam 

[pā^ 3.3.113] iti karmaṇi lyuṭaṃ krtvā lakṡyate taditi lakṡaṇam | evamapi tenaitasya{2. ##T## tenaiva ##for## tenaitasya.} 

lakṡyamāṇatvāsaṃbhavādyenaitallakṡyate, tasya karaṇasya karmaṇo’rthāntaratvāt sa eva doṡa: || 

atha syāt-jñānasya karaṇatvāttasya ca svalakṡaṇāntarbhāvādayamadoṡa iti, 

ucyate | iha bhāvānāmanyāsādhāraṇamātmīyaṃ yatsvarūpaṃ tatsvalakṡaṇam, tadyathā prthivyā: 

kāṭhinyaṃ vedanāyā viṡayānubhavo vijñānasya viṡayaprativijñapti: | tena hi tallakṡyata{3. ##Mss.## tadvā na lakṡyate ##for## tallakṡyate.} 

iti krtvā prasiddhānugatāṃ ca vyutpattimavadhūya karmasādhanamabhyupagacchati | vijñānasya ca 

karaṇabhāvaṃ pratipadyamānenetyuktaṃ bhavati svalakṡaṇasyaiva karmatā svalakṡaṇāntarasya karaṇa- 

bhāvaśceti | tatra yadi vijñānasvalakṡaṇaṃ karaṇam, tasya vyatiriktena karmaṇā bhavitavya- 

miti sa eva doṡa: || 

atha syāt-yatprthivyādigataṃ kāṭhinyādikaṃ vijñānagamyaṃ tattasya karmāstyeva, 

tacca svalakṡaṇāvyatiriktamiti | evaṃ tarhi vijñānasvalakṡaṇasya karmatvābhāvātprameyatvaṃ na 

syāt, karmarūpasyaiva svalakṡaṇasya prameyatvāt | tataśca dvividhaṃ prameyaṃ svalakṡaṇaṃ 

sāmānyalakṡaṇaṃ ca ityetadviśeṡya vaktavyam-kiṃcitsvalakṡaṇaṃ prameyaṃ yallakṡyata ityevaṃ vyapa- 

diśyate, kiṃcidaprameyaṃ{4. ##Mss## prameyaṃ ##for## aprameyaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} yallakṡyate’neneti vyapadiśyata iti | atha tadapi karmasādhanaṃ tadā 

tasyānyena karaṇena bhavitavyam | jñānāntarasya karaṇabhāvaparikalpanāyāmanavasthā-

doṡaścāpadyate || 

atha manyase-svasaṃvittirasti, tatastayā svasaṃvittyā grahaṃātkarmatāyāṃ satyā- 

mastyeva prameyāntarbhāva iti, ucyate | vistareṇa madhyamakāvatāre svasaṃvittiniṡedhāt 

svalakṡaṇaṃ svalakṡaṇāntareṇa lakṡyate, tadapi svasavittyā iti na yujyate | api ca | tadapi 

nāma jñānaṃ svalakṡaṇavyatirekeṇasiddherasaṃbhavāllakṡyābhāve nirāśrayalakṡaṇapravrttyasaṃbhavāt 

sarvathā nāstīti kuta: svasaṃvitti: ? tathā coktamāryaratnacūḍapariprcchāyām- 

sa cittamasamanupaśyan cittadhārāṃ paryeṡate kutaścittasyotpattiriti | tasyaivaṃ 

bhavati-ālambane sati cittamutpadyate | tatkimanyadālambanamanyaccittam, atha yadevālambanaṃ 

@024

tadeva cittam, yadi tāvadanyadālambanamanyaccittam, tadā dvicittatā bhaviṡyati | atha 

yadevālambanaṃ tadeva cittam ? tatkathaṃ cittena cittaṃ samanupaśyati ? na ca cittaṃ 

cittaṃ samanupaśyati | tadyathāpi nāma tayaivāsidhārayā saivāsidhārā na śakyate chettum, 

na tenaivāṅgulyagreṇa tadevāṅgulyagraṃ śakyate spraṡṭum, evameva na tenaiva cittena tadeva cittaṃ 

śakyaṃ draṡṭum | tasyaivaṃ yoniśa: prayuktasya yā cittasyānavasthānatā anucchedāśāśvatatā 

na kūṭasthatā nāhetukī na pratyayaviruddhā na tato nānyato na saiva nānyā | tāṃ cittadhārāṃ 

cittalatāṃ cittadharmatāṃ cittānavasthitatāṃ cittāpracāratāṃ cittādrśyatāṃ cittasvalakṡaṇatāṃ 

tathā jānāti tathā paśyati yathā tathatāṃ na ca nirodhayati | tāṃ ca cittavivekatāṃ tathā 

prajānāti tathā paśyati | iyaṃ kulaputra [bodhisattvasya] citte cittānupaśyanā smrtyu- 

pasthānamiti || 

tadevaṃ nāsti svasaṃvitti: | tadabhāvāt kiṃ kena lakṡyate ? 

kiṃ ca | bhedena vā tallakṡaṇaṃ lakṡyātsyādabhedena vā ? tatra yadi tāvad bhedena, tadā 

lakṡyād bhinnatvādalakṡaṇavallakṡaṇamapi na lakṡaṇam | lakṡaṇācca bhinnatvādalakṡyavallakṡyamapi 

na lakṡyam | tathā lakṡyādbhinnatvāllakṡaṇasya lakṡaṇanirapekṡaṃ lakṡyaṃ syāt | tataśca na tallakṡyaṃ 

lakṡaṇanirapekṡatvāt khapuṡpavat | athābhinne lakṡyalakṡaṇe, tadā lakṡaṇādavyatiriktattvā- 

llakṡaṇasvātmavadvihīyate lakṡyasya lakṡyatā | lakṡyāccāvyatiriktatvāllakṡyasvātmavalla- 

kṡaṇamapi na lakṡaṇasvabhāvam | yathā coktam- 

lakṡyāllakṡaṇamanyaccetsyāttallakṡyamalakṡaṇam | 

tayorabhāvo’nanyatve vispaṡṭaṃ kathitaṃ tvayā || iti || 

[lokātītastava-11] 

na ca vinā tattvānyatvena lakṡyalakṡaṇasiddhau anyā gatirasti tathā ca vakṡyati- 

ekībhāvena vā siddhirnānābhāvena vā yayo: | 

na vidyate, tayo: siddhi: kathaṃ nu khalu vidyate || iti || 

[ma^ śā^-2.21] 

athavocyate-avācyatayā siddhirbhaviṡyatīti cet, naitadevam | avācyatā hi 

nāma parasparavibhāgaparijñānābhāve sati bhavati | yatra ca vibhāgaparijñānaṃ nāsti, tatra 

idaṃ lakṡaṇam, idaṃ lakṡyam, iti viśeṡata: paricchedāsaṃbhave sati dvayorapyabhāva eveti | 

tasmādavācyatayāpi nāsti siddhi: || 

api ca | yadi jñānaṃ karaṇaṃ viṡayasya paricchede, ka: kartā ? na ca kartāramanta- 

reṇāsti karaṇādīnāṃ saṃbhava:{1. ##Mss.## saṃbheda: ##for## saṃbhava:.} chidikriyāyāmiva | atha cittasya tatra kartrtvaṃ pari- 

@025

kalpyate, tadapi na yuktam, yasmādarthamātradarśanaṃ cittasya vyāpāra:, arthaviśeṡadarśanaṃ 

caitasānām, 

tatrārthadrṡṭirvijñānaṃ tadviśeṡe tu caitasā: | 

ityabhyupagamāt | ekasyāṃ hi pradhānakriyāyāṃ sādhyāyāṃ yathāsvaṃ guṇakriyānirvrttidvāreṇā- 

ṅgībhāvopagamāt karaṇādīnāṃ karaṇāditvam | na ceha jñānavijñānayorekā pradhānakriyā, 

kiṃ tarhi, arthamātraparicchittirvijñānasya pradhānakriyā, jñānasya tu arthaviśeṡapariccheda 

iti nāsti jñānasya karaṇatvaṃ nāpi cittasya kartrtvam | tataśca sa eva doṡa: || 

atha syāt-anātmāna: sarvadharmā ityāgamāt kartu: sarvathābhāvāt kartāramanta- 

reṇāpi vidyata eva kriyādivyavahāra iti, etadapi nāsti | āgamasya samyagarthānava- 

dhāraṇāt | etadevoktaṃ madhyamakāvatāre || 

athāpi syāt-yathā śilāputrakasya śarīram, rāho: śira:, iti śarīraśiro- 

vyatiriktaviśeṡaṇāsaṃbhave’pi viśeṡaṇaviśeṡyabhāvo’sti, evaṃ prthivyā: svalakṡaṇamiti 

svalakṡaṇavyatiriktaprthivyasaṃbhave’pi bhaviṡyatīti, naitadevam | atulyatvāt | śarīra- 

śira:śabdayorhi buddhyādipāṇyādivatsahabhāvipadārthāntarasāpekṡatāpravrttau śarīraśira:- 

śabdamātrālambano buddhyupajanana: sahacāripadārthāntarasākāṅkṡa eva vartate, kasya 

śarīram, kasya śira iti | itaro’pi viśeṡaṇāntarasaṃbandhanirācikīrṡayā śilāputra- 

karāhuviśeṡaṇadhvaninā laukikasaṃketānuvidhāyinā pratikartu: kāṅkṡāmapahantīti yuktam | 

iha tu kāṭhinyādivyatiriktaprthivyādyasaṃbhave sati na yukto viśeṡaṇaviśeṡyabhāva: | 

tīrthikairvyatiriktalakṡyābhyupagamāttadanurodhena viśeṡaṇābhidhānamaduṡṭamiti cet, naiṃtadevam | 

na hi tīrthikaparikalpitā yuktividhurā: padārthā: svasamaye’bhyupagantuṃ nyāyyā:, 

pramāṇāntarāderapyabhyugamaprasaṅgāt | api ca | pudgalādiprajñaptivat saśarīropādānasya 

śilāputrakasyopādāturlaukikavyavahārāṅgabhūtasya viśeṡaṇasyāvicāraprasiddhasya sadbhāvāt, 

śira upādānasya ca rāhorupādātu: sadbhāvādayuktametannidarśanam | śarīraśirovyatirikta- 

syārthāntarasyāsiddhestanmātrasyopalambhāt siddhameva nidarśanamiti cet, naitadevam | laukike 

vyavahāre itthaṃ vicārāpravrtteravicārataśca laukikapadārthānāmastitvāt | yathaiva hi 

rūpādivyatirekeṇa vicāryamāṇa ātmā na saṃbhavati, api ca lokasaṃvrtyā skandhānupādāya 

asyāstitvam, evaṃ rāhuśilāputrakayorapīti nāsti nidarśanasiddhi: || 

evaṃ prthivyādīnāṃ yadyapi kāṭhinyādivyatiriktaṃ vicāryamāṇaṃ lakṡyaṃ nāsti, 

lakṡyavyatirekeṇa ca lakṡaṇaṃ nirāśrayam, tathāpi saṃvrtireveti parasparāpekṡayā tayo: 

siddhyā siddhiṃ vyavasthāpayāṃbabhūvurācāryā: | avaśyaṃ caitadevamabhyupeyam | anyathā hi 

saṃvrtirupapattyā na viyujyeta, tadeva tattvameva syānna saṃvrti: | na ca upapattyā vicārya- 

māṇānāṃ śilāputrakādīnāmevāsaṃbhava:, kiṃ tarhi vakṡyamāṇayā yuktyā rūpavedanādīnāmapi 

@026

nāsti saṃbhava iti teṡāmapi saṃvrtyā śilāpu{1. ##Mss.## ^putraka ivāstitvaṃ ##for## ^putrakādivannāstitvaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##}trakādivannāstitvamāstheyaṃ syāt | na 

caitadevamityasadetat{2. ##After## ^detat, ##T adds:## etadapyupādāya prajñaptivyavasthānaṃ vistareṇa madhyamakāvatāre nirdiṡṭamiti tata evāvaseyam.} || 

atha syāt-kimanayā sūkṡmekṡikayā ? naiva hi vayaṃ sarvapramāṇaprameyavyavahāraṃ 

satyamityācakṡmahe, kiṃ tu lokaprasiddhireṡā amunā nyāyena vyavasthāpyata iti | ucyate | 

vayamapyevaṃ brūma:-kimanayā sūkṡmekṡikayā laukikavyavahāre’vatārika(ta ?)yā ? tiṡṭhatu 

tāvadeṡā viparyāsamātrāsāditātmabhāvasattākā saṃvrti: mumukṡūṇāṃ mokṡāvāhakakuśala- 

mūlopacayahetu:, yāvanna tattvādhigama iti | bhavāṃstu etāṃ saṃvrtiparamārthasatyavibhāga- 

durvidagdhabuddhitayā kvacidupapattimavatārya anyāyato nāśayati | so’haṃ saṃvrtisatya- 

vyavasthāvaicakṡaṇyāllaukika eva pakṡe sthitvā saṃvrtyekadeśanirākaraṇopakṡiptopapattyantara- 

mupapattyantareṇa vinivartayan lokavrddha iva lokacārātparibhraśyamānaṃ bhavantameva nivartayāmi 

na tu saṃvrtim | tasmād yadi laukiko vyavahāra:, tadā avaśyaṃ lakṡaṇavallakṡyeṇāpi 

bhavitavyam | tataśca sa eva doṡa: | atha paramārtha:, tadā lakṡyābhāvāllakṡaṇadvayamapi 

nāstīti kuta: pramāṇadvayam ? 

atha śabdānāmevaṃ kriyākārakasaṃbandhapūrvikā vyutpattirnāṅgīkriyate, tadidamati- 

kaṡṭam | taireva kriyākārakasaṃbandhapravrttai: śabdairbhavān vyavaharati, śabdārthaṃ kriyākaraṇādikaṃ{3. ##T## kriyākārakādiśabdārthaṃ ##for## kriyākaraṇādikaṃ.} 

ca necchatīti aho bata icchāmātrapratibaddhapravrttito (vrtti: ?) bhavata: | 

yadā caivaṃ prameyadvayamavyavasthitaṃ tadā svasāmānyalakṡaṇāviṡayatvena āgamādīnāṃ 

pramāṇāntaratvam | kiṃ ca ghaṭa: pratyakṡa ityevamādikasya laukikavyavahārasyāsaṃgrahādanārya- 

vyavahārābhyupagamācca avyāpitā lakṡaṇasyeti na yuktametat || 

atha syāt-ghaṭopādānanīlādaya: pratyakṡā: pratyakṡapramāṇaparicchedyatvāt | tataśca 

yathaiva kāraṇe  kāryopacāraṃ krtvā buddhānāṃ sukha utpāda iti vyapadiśyate, evaṃ pratyakṡa- 

nīlādinimittako’pi ghaṭa: kārye kāraṇopacāraṃ krtvā pratyakṡa iti vyapadiśyate | naivaṃ- 

viṡaye upacāro yukta: | utpādo hi loke sukhavyatirekeṇopalabdha:, sa ca saṃskrtalakṡaṇa- 

svabhāvatvādanekaduṡkaraśatahetutvādasukha eva, sa sukha iti vyapadiśyamāna: asabaddha 

evetyevaṃviṡaye yukta upacāra: | ghaṭa: pratyakṡa ityatra tu-na hi ghaṭo nāma kaścidyo’pratyakṡa.

prthagupalabdho yasyopacārātpratyakṡatva syāt | nīlādivyatiriktasya ghaṭasyābhāvādaupa- 

cārikaṃ pratyakṡatvamiti cet, evamapi sutarāmupacāro na yukta:, upacaryamāṇasyāśrayasyā- 

bhāvāt | na hi kharaviṡāṇe taikṡṇyamupacaryate | api ca | lokavyavahārāṅgabhūto ghaṭo yadi 

@027

nīlādivyatirikto nāstīti krtvā tasyaupacārikaṃ pratyakṡatvaṃ parikalpyate, nanvevaṃ sati 

prthivyādivyatirekeṇa nīlādikamapi nāstīti nīlāderasyaupacārikaṃ pratyakṡatvaṃ kalpya- 

tām | yathoktam-

rūpādivyatirekeṇa yathā kumbho na vidyate | 

vāyvādivyatirekeṇa tathā rūpaṃ na vidyate || iti | 

[catu:śataka-14.14] 

tasmādevamādikasya lokavyavahārasya lakṡaṇenāsaṃgrahādavyāpitaiva lakṡaṇasyeti | tattva- 

vidapekṡayā hi- 

pratyakṡatvaṃ ghaṭādīnāṃ nīlādīnāṃ ca neṡyate | 

lokasaṃvrtyā tvabhyupagantavyameva pratyakṡatvaṃ ghaṭādīnām | yathoktaṃ śatake- 

sarva eva ghaṭo’drṡṭo rūpe drṡṭe hi jāyate | 

brūyātkastattvavinnāma ghaṭa: pratyakṡa ityapi || 

etenaiva vicāreṇa sugandhi madhuraṃ mrdu | 

pratiṡedhayitavyāni sarvāṇyuttamabuddhinā || iti | 

[catu:śataka-13.1-2]

api ca | aparokṡārthavācitvātpratyakṡaśabdasya sākṡādabhimukho’rtha: pratyakṡa:, pratigatamakṡa- 

masminniti krtvā ghaṭanīlādīnāmaparokṡāṇāṃ pratyakṡatvaṃ siddhaṃ bhavati | tatparicchedakasya 

jñānasya trṇatuṡāgnivat pratyakṡakāraṇatvāt pratyakṡatvaṃ vyapadiśyate | yastu akṡamakṡaṃ prati 

vartata iti pratyakṡaśabdaṃ vyutpādayati, tasya jñānasyendriyāviṡayatvād viṡayaviṡayatvācca 

na yuktā vyutpatti: | prativiṡayaṃ tu syāt pratyarthamiti vā || 

atha syāt-yathā ubhayādhīnāyāmapi vijñānapravrtau āśrayasya paṭumanda- 

tānuvidhānād vijñānānāṃ tadvikāravikāritvādāśrayeṇaiva vyapadeśo bhavati cakṡurvi- 

jñānamiti, evaṃ yadyapi arthamarthaṃ prati vartate, tathāpi akṡamakṡamāśritya vartamānaṃ 

vijñānamāśrayeṇa{1. ##Mss.## āśrayasya ##for## āśrayeṇa ##which is confirmed by T.##} vyapadeśāt pratyakṡamiti bhaviṡyati | drṡṭo hi asādhāraṇena vyapadeśo 

bherīśabdo yavāṅkura iti | naitatpūrveṇa tulyam | tatra hi viṡayeṇa vijñāne vyapadiśyamāne 

rūpavijñānamityemādinā vijñānaṡaṭkasya bhedo nopadarśita: syāt, manovijñānasya cakṡu- 

rādivijñānai: sahaikaviṡayapravrttatvāt | tathā{2. ##Mss.## tadā ##for## tathā.} hi nīlādivijñānaṡaṭke vijñānamityukte 

sākāṅkṡa eva pratyayājjāyate kimetadrūpīndriyajaṃ vijñānamāhosvinmānasamiti | āśrayeṇa 

tu vyapadeśe manovijñānasya cakṡurādivijñānaviṡaye pravrttisaṃbhave’pi parasparabheda: siddho 

bhavati | iha tu pramāṇalakṡaṇavivakṡayā kalpanāpoḍhamātrasya pratyakṡatvābhyupagame sati 

@028

vikalpādeva {1. ##C## tadviśeṡasyābhi^ ##for## tadviśeṡatvābhi^.}tadviśeṡatvābhimatatvādasādhāraṇakāraṇena vyapadeśe sati na kiṃcit 

prayojanamupalakṡyate | prameyaparatantrāyāṃ ca pramāṇasaṃkhyāpravrttau prameyākārānukāritā- 

mātratayā ca samāsāditātmabhāvasattākayo: pramāṇayo: svarūpasya vyavasthāpanānnendriyeṇa 

vyapadeśa: kiṃcidupakarotīti sarvathā viṡayeṇaiva vyapadeśo nyāyya: || 

loke pratyakṡaśabdasya prasiddhatvādvivakṡite’rthe pratyarthaśabdasyāprasiddhatvādāśrayeṇaiva 

vyutpattirāśrīyata iti cet, ucyate | astyayaṃ pratyakṡaśabdo loke prasiddha: | sat u yathā 

loke, tathā asmābhirucyata eva | yathāsthitalaukikapadārthatiraskāreṇa tu tadvyutpāde 

kriyamāṇe prasiddhaśabdatiraskāra: prasiddha:{2. ##T om.## prasiddha:.} syāt, tataśca pratyakṡamityevaṃ{3. ##Mss.## pratyarthamityevaṃ syāt ##for## pratyakṡamityevaṃ na syāt ##which is confirmed by T.##}  na syāt | 

ekasya ca cakṡurvijñānasya ekendriyakṡaṇāśrayasya pratyakṡatvaṃ na syād vīpsārthābhāvāt, 

ekaikasya ca pratyakṡatvābhāve bahūnāmapi na syāt || 

kalpanāpoḍhasyaiva ca jñānasya pratyakṡatvābhyupagamāt, tena ca lokasya saṃvyavahārā- 

bhāvāt, laukikasya ca pramāṇaprameyavyavahārasya vyākhyātumiṡṭatvād vyarthaiva pratyakṡapramāṇa- 

kalpanā saṃjāyate | cakṡurvijñānasamaṅgī nīlaṃ jānāti no tu nīlamiti cāgamasya 

pratyakṡalakṡaṇābhidhānārthasyāprastutatvāt, pañcānāmindriyavijñānānāṃ jaḍatvapratipādakatvācca 

nāgamādapi kalpanāpoḍhasyaiva vijñānasya pratyakṡatvamiti na yuktametat | tasmālloke yadi 

lakṡyaṃ yadi vā svalakṡaṇaṃ sāmānyalakṡaṇaṃ vā, sarvameva sākṡādupalabhyamānatvādaparokṡam, 

ata: pratyakṡaṃ vyavasthāpyate tadviṡayeṇa jñānena saha | dvicandrādīnāṃ tu ataimirikajñānā- 

pekṡayā apratyakṡatvam, taimirikādyapekṡayā tu pratyakṡatvameva || 

parokṡaviṡayaṃ tu jñānaṃ sādhyāvyabhicāriliṅgotpannamanumānam || 

sākṡādatīndriyārthavidāmāptānāṃ yadvacanaṃ sa āgama: || 

sādrśyādananubhūtārthādhigama upamānaṃ gauriva gavaya iti yathā || 

tadevaṃ pramāṇacatuṡṭayāllokasyārthādhigamo vyavasthāpyate || 

tāni ca parasparāpekṡayā sidhyanti-satsu pramāṇeṡu prameyārthā:, satsu prameyeṡvartheṡu 

pramāṇāni | no tu khalu svābhāvikī pramāṇaprameyayo: siddhiriti | tasmāllaukikamevāstu 

yathādrṡṭamityalaṃ prasaṅgena | prastutameva vyākhyāsyāma: | laukika eva darśane sthitvā 

buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā ||3|| 

atrāhu: svayūthyā:-yadidamuktaṃ na svata utpadyante bhāvā iti, tadyuktam, svata 

utpattivaiyarthyāt | yaccoktaṃ na dvābhyāmiti, tadapi yuktam, {4. ##Mss.## ekāṃśahāve: (ne: ?)}ekāṃśavaikalyāt | ahetu- 

@029

pakṡastu ekāntanikrṡṭa iti tatpratiṡedho’pi yukta: | yattu khalvidamucyate nāpi parata iti, 

tadayuktam, yasmātparabhūtā eva bhagavatā bhāvānāmutpādakā nirdiṡṭā: | 

catvāra: pratyayā hetuścālambanamanantaram | 

tathaivādhipateyaṃ ca pratyayo nāsti pañcama: ||4|| 

tatra nirvartako heturiti lakṡaṇāt, yo hi yasya nirvartako bījabhāvenāvasthita:, 

sa tasya hetupratyaya: | utpadyamāno dharmo yenālambanenotpadyate, sa tasyālambanapratyaya: | 

kāraṇasyānantaro nirodha: kāryasyotpattipratyaya:, tadyathā bījasyānantaro nirodho’ṅkura- 

syotpādapratyaya: | yasmin sati yadbhavati tattasyādhipateyamiti | ta ete catvāra: 

pratyayā: | ye cānye purojātasahajātapaścājjātādaya:, te eteṡveva antarbhūtā: | īśvarā- 

dayastu pratyayā eva na saṃbhavantīti, ata evāvadhārayati-pratyayo nāsti pañcama iti | 

tasmādebhya: parabhūtebhyo bhāvānāmutpattirasti parata utpattiriti ||4|| 

atrocyate-naiva hi bhāvānāṃ parabhūtebhya: pratyayebhya utpattiriti | yasmāt- 

na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṡu vidyate |

avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate ||5|| 

iti | yadi hi hetvādiṡu parabhūteṡu pratyayeṡu samasteṡu vyasteṡu vyastasamasteṡu hetupratyaya- 

sāmagryā{1. ##Mss.## ^sāmagryāṃ ##for## ^sāmagryā ##which is confirmed by T,##} anyatra vā kvacid bhāvānāṃ kāryāṇāmutpādātpūrvaṃ sattvaṃ syāt, syāttebhya 

utpāda: | na caivaṃ yadutpādātpūrvaṃ saṃbhava: syāt | yadi syāt, grhyeta ca, utpādavaiyarthyaṃ ca 

syāt | tasmānna cāsti bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṡu svabhāva: | avidyamāne ca svabhāve nāsti 

parabhāva: | bhavanaṃ bhāva utpāda:, parebhya utpāda: parabhāva:, san a vidyate | tasmādayukta- 

metat parabhūtebhyo bhāvānāmutpattiriti || 

atha vā bhāvānāṃ kāryāṇāmaṅkurādīnāṃ bījādiṡu pratyayeṡu satsvavikrtarūpeṡu 

nāsti svabhāvo nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt || 

tatkimapekṡaṃ paratvaṃ pratyayādīnām ? vidyamānayoreva hi maitropagrāhakayo: parasparā- 

pekṡaṃ paratvam ? na caivaṃ bījāṅkurayoryaugapadyam | tasmādavidyamāne svabhāve kāryāṇāṃ 

parabhāva: paratvaṃ bījādīnāṃ nāstīti paravyapadeśābhāvādeva na parata utpāda iti | 

tasmādāgamābhiprāyānabhijñataiva parasya | na hi tathāgatā yuktiviruddhaṃ vākyamudāharanti | 

āgamasya cābhiprāya: prāgevopavarṇita: ||5|| 

tadevaṃ pratyayebhya utpādavādini pratiṡiddhe kriyāta utpādavādī manyate-na 

cakṡūrūpādaya: pratyayā: sākṡādvijñānaṃ janayanti | vijñānajanikriyāniṡpādakatvāttu pratyayā 

@030

ucyante | sā ca kriyā{1. ##Mss.## bhāvakriyā ##for## kriyā ##which is confirmed by T.##} vijñānaṃ janayati | tasmātpratyayavatī vijñānajanikriyā 

vijñānajanikā, na pratyayā: | yathā pacikriyā odanasyeti | ucyate- 

kriyā na pratyayavatī 

yadi kriyā kācit syāt, sā cakṡurādibhi: pratyayai: pratyayavatī vijñānaṃ 

janayet | na tvasti | kathaṃ krtvā ? iha kriyeyamiṡyamāṇā jāte vā vijñāne iṡyate, 

ajāte vā jāyamāne vā ? tatra jāte na yuktā | kriyā hi bhāvaniṡpādikā | bhāvaśce- 

nniṡpanna:, kimasya kriyayā ? 

jātasya janma punareva ca naiva yuktam | 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.8]

ityādinā ca madhyamakāvatāre pratipāditametat | ajāte’pi na yuktā, 

kartrā vinā janiriyaṃ na ca yuktarūpā | 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.19] 

ityādivacanāt | jāyamāne’pi bhāve kriyā na saṃbhavati, jātājātavyatirekeṇa jāya- 

mānābhāvāt | yathoktam- 

jāyamānārthajātatvājjāyamāno na jāyate | 

atha vā jāyamānatvaṃ sarvasyaiva prasajyate || iti | 

[catu:śataka-15.16] 

yataścaivaṃ triṡu kāleṡu janikriyāyā asaṃbhava:, tasmānnāsti sā | ata evāha-kriyā na 

pratyayavatī iti | 

viśeṡaṇaṃ nāsti vinā viśeṡam | 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.57] 

ityādinā pratipāditametanmadhyamakāvatāre | na hi vandhyāputro gomānityucyate || 

yadyevam, apratyayavatī tarhi bhaviṡyatīti, etadapyayuktamityāha- 

nāpratyayavatī kriyā | 

yadā pratyayavatī nāsti, tadā kathamapratyayavatī nirhetukā syāt ? na hi tantu- 

maya: paṭo na yukta iti vīraṇamayo’bhyupagamyate | tasmātkriyā na bhāvajanikā || 

atrāha-yadyevaṃ kriyāyā asaṃbhava:, pratyayāstarhi janakā bhaviṡyanti bhāvānā- 

miti | ucyate- 

@031

pratyayā nākriyāvanta: 

yadā kriyā nāsti, tadā kriyārahitā akriyāvanto nirhetukā: pratyayā: katha 

janakā:, ? atha kriyāvanta eva janakā iti, ucyate- 

kriyāvantaśca santyuta ||6|| 

neti prakrtenābhisaṃbandha: | utaśabdo’vadhāraṇe | tatra kriyāyā abhāva ukta:, katha 

kriyāvattvaṃ pratyayānāmiti ? yathā ca vijñānajanikriyoktā, evaṃ parikriyādayo’pi bhāvā 

uktā veditavyā iti nāsti kriyāto’pi samutpattirbhāvānāmiti bhavatyutpādābhidhāna- 

marthaśūnyam ||6|| 

atrāha-kiṃ na etena kriyāvanta: pratyayā ityādivicāreṇa ? yasmāccakṡurādīn 

pratītya pratyayān vijñānādayo bhāvā jāyante, tasmāccakṡurādīnāṃ pratyayatvaṃ tebhyaśco- 

tpādo vijñānādīnāmiti | etadapyayuktamityāha- 

utpadyate pratītyemānitīme pratyayā: kila | 

yāvannotpadyata ime tāvannāpratyayā: katham ||7|| 

yadi cakṡurādīn pratyayān pratītya vijñānamutpadyate iti asya ime pratyayā 

ucyante, nanu yāvattadvijñānākhyaṃ kāryaṃ notpadyate tāvadime cakṡurādaya: kathaṃ nāpratyayā: ? 
apratyayā evetyabhiprāya: | na cāpratyayebhya utpatti: sikatābhya iva tailasya | 

atha matam-pūrvamapratyayā: santa: kiṃcidanyaṃ pratyayamapekṡya pratyayatvaṃ pratipadyanta 

iti, etadapyayuktam | yat tat pratyayāntaramapratyayasya tasya{1. ##T om.## tasya.} pratyayatvena kalpyate, tadapi 

pratyayatve sati asya pratyayo bhavati | tatrāpyeṡaiva cintaneti na yuktametat ||7|| 

kiṃ ca | iha ime cakṡurādayo vijñānasya pratyayā: kalpyamānā: sat ovā asya 

kalpyeran, asato vā ? sarvathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

naivāsato naiva sata: pratyayo’rthasya yujyate | 

kasmādityāha- 

asata: pratyaya: kasya sataśca pratyayena kim ||8|| 

asato hyarthasya avidyamānasya kathaṃ pratyaya: syāt ? bhaviṡyatā vyapadeśo 

bhaviṡyatīti cet, naivam- 

bhaviṡyatā cedvyapadeśa iṡṭa: 

śaktiṃ vinā nāsti hi bhāvitāsya | 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.58] 

@032

ityādinoktadoṡatvāt | sato’pi vidyamānasya labdhajanmano niṡphalaiva pratyayakalpanā || 

evaṃ samastānāṃ pratyayānāṃ kāryotpādanāsāmarthyena apratyayatvamudbhāvya ata: paraṃ 

vyastānāmapratyayatvaṃ pratipādyate || 

atrāha-yadyapyevaṃ pratyayānāmasaṃbhava:, tathāpi astyeva lakṡaṇopadeśātpratyaya- 

prasiddhi: | tatra nirvartako heturiti lakṡaṇamucyate hetupratyayasya | na cāvidyamānasya 

lakṡaṇopadeśo yukto vandhyāsutasyeveti | ucyate | syāddhetupratyayo yadi tasya lakṡaṇaṃ 

syāt | yasmāt- 

na sannāsanna sadasan dharmo nirvartate yadā | 

kathaṃ nirvartako heturevaṃ sati hi yujyate ||9|| 

tatra nirvartaka utpādaka: | yadi nirvartyo dharmo nirvarteta, tamutpādako heturutpā- 

dayet  | na tu nirvartate, sadasadubhayarūpasya nirvartyasyābhāvāt | tatra sanna nirvartate 

vidyamānatvāt | asannapi, avidyamānatvāt | sadasannapi, parasparaviruddhasyaikārthasyā- 

bhāvāt ubhayapakṡābhihitadoṡatvācca | yata evaṃ kāryasyotpattirnāsti, hetupratyayo’pyato 

nāsti | tataśca yaduktaṃ lakṡaṇasaṃbhavādvidyate hetupratyaya iti, tadevaṃ sati na yujyate ||9|| 

idānīmālambanapratyayaniṡedhārthamāha- 

anālambana evāyaṃ san{1. ##Mss.## sa dharma ##for## san dharma.} dharma upadiśyate | 

athānālambane dharma kuta ālambanaṃ puna: ||10|| 

iha sālambanadharmā: katame ? sarvacittacaittā ityāgamāt | cittacaittā yenālambane- 

notpadyante yathāyogaṃ rūpādinā, sa teṡāmālambanapratyaya: | ayaṃ ca vidyamānānāṃ vā 

parikalpyeta avidyāmānānāṃ vā | tatra vidyamānanāṃ nārthastadālambanapratyayena | dharmasya 

hi utpattyarthamālambanaṃ parikalpyate, sa cālambanātpūrvaṃ vidyamāna eveti | athaivamanā- 

lambane dharme svātmanā prasiddhe kimasya ālambanayogena parikalpitena, ityanālambana 

evāyaṃ san vidyamāno dharma: cittādika: kevalaṃ sālambana ityucyate bhavadbhi: svamanī- 

ṡikayā, na tvasya ālambanena kaścitsaṃbandhosti | athāvidyamānasyālambanaṃ parikalpyate, 

tadapi na yuktam, anālambana evāyamityādi | avidyamānasya hi nāsti ālambanena 

yoga: | 

anālambana evāyaṃ san dharma upadiśyate | 

bhavadbhi: sālambana iti vākyaśeṡa: | 

athānālambane dharma kuta ālambanaṃ puna: || 

@033

athaśabda: praśne | kuta iti hetau | tenāyamartha:-athaivamanālambane dharme’sati 

avidyamāne bhūya: kuta ālambanam ? ālambanakābhāvādālambanasyāpyabhāva ityabhiprāya: | 

kathaṃ tarhi sālambanāścittacaittā: ? sāṃvrtametallakṡaṇaṃ na pāramārthikamityadoṡa: ||10|| 

idānīṃ samanantarapratyayaniṡedhārthamāha- 

anutpanneṡu dharmeṡu nirodho nopapadyate | 

nānantaramato yuktaṃ niruddhe pratyayaśca ka: ||11|| 

tatra paścime ślokasyārdhe pādavyatyayo draṡṭavya:, caśabdaśca bhinnakramo niruddhe 

ceti | tenaivaṃ pāṭha:-niruddhe ca pratyaya: ka: ? nānantaramato yuktam iti | ślokabandhārthaṃ 

tvevamuktam || 

tatra kāraṇasyānantaro nirodha: kāryasyotpādapratyaya: samanantarapratyayalakṡaṇam | 

atra vicāryate-anutpanneṡu dharmeṡu kāryabhūteṡvaṅkurādiṡu nirodho nopapadyate kāraṇasya 

bījāde: | yadaitadevam, tadā kāraṇasya nirodhābhāvādaṅkurasya ka: samanantarapratyaya: ? 

athānutpanne’pi kārye bījanirodha iṡyate, evaṃ sati niruddhe bīje abhāvībhūte aṅkurasya 

ka: pratyaya: ? k ovā bījanirodhasya pratyaya iti | ubhayametadahetukamityāha-niruddhe 

ca ka: pratyaya iti | caśabdo’nutpannaśabdāpekṡa: | tena anutpanne cāṅkure bījādīnāṃ 

nirodhe iṡyamāṇe’pyubhayametadahetukamāpadyata iti nānantaramato yuktam | atha vā | na 

svato nāpi parata ityādinā utpādo niṡiddha:, tamabhisaṃdhāyāha- 

anutpanneṡu dharmeṡu nirodho nopapadyate | 

nānantaramato yuktam iti | 

api ca | 

niruddhe pratyayaśca ka: || 

ityatra pūrvakameva vyākhyānam ||11|| 

idānīmadhipatipratyayasvarūpa{1. ##T om.## ^svarūpa^.} niṡedhārthamāha-bījādīnāṃ
bhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvānāṃ na sattā vidyate yata: | 

satīdamasmin bhavatītyetannaivopapadyate ||12|| 

iha yasmin sati yadbhavati, tattasya ādhipateyamityadhipatipratyayalakṡaṇam | 

bhāvānāṃ ca pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvābhāve kutastad yadasminniti kāraṇatvena 

vyapadiśyate, kutastad yadidamiti kāryatvena ? tasmānnāsti lakṡaṇato’pi pratyaya- 

siddhi: ||12||

@034

atrāha-tantvādibhya: paṭādikamupalabhya paṭādestantvādaya: pratyayā iti | 

ucyate | paṭādiphalapravrttireva svarūpato{1. ##T om.## svarūpato.} nāsti, kuta: pratyayānāṃ pratyayatvaṃ setsyati ? 

yathā ca paṭādiphalapravrttirasatī, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

na ca vyastasamasteṡu pratyayeṡvasti tatphalam | 

pratyayebhya: kathaṃ tacca bhavenna pratyayeṡu yat ||13|| 

tatra vyasteṡu tantuturīvematasaraśalākādiṡu pratyayeṡu paṭo nāsti, tatrānupalabhya- 

mānatvāt, kāraṇabahutvācca kāryabahutvaprasaṅgāt | samuditeṡvapi tantvādiṡu nāsti paṭa:, 

pratyekamavayaveṡvavidyamānatvāt ekasya kāryasya khaṇḍaśa utpattiprasaṅgāt | tasmātphalā- 

bhāvānna santi pratyayā svabhāvata{2. ##T om.## svabhāvata:} iti ||13|| 

athāsadapi tattebhya: pratyayebhya: pravartate | 

ityabhiprāya: syāt- 

apratyayebhyo’pi kasmātphalaṃ{3. ##P## kasmānnābhivaprartate phalaṃ ##for## kasmātphalaṃ nābhipravartate.} nābhipravartate ||14|| 

apratya ṡvapi nāsti phalamiti | apratyayebhyo’pi vīraṇādibhya: kasmānnābhi- 

pravartate paṭa iti nāsti phalapravrtti: svarūpata:{4. ##T om.## svarūpata:.} ||14|| 

atrāha-yadi anyat phalaṃ syādanye ca pratyayā:, tadā kiṃ pratyayeṡu phalamasti 

nāstīti cintā syāt | nāsti tu vyatiriktaṃ phalam, kiṃ tarhi pratyayamayameveti ? 

ucyate—

phalaṃ ca pratyayamayaṃ pratyayāścāsvayaṃmayā: |

phalamasvamayebhyo yattatpratyayamayaṃ katham ||15|| 

yadi pratyayamayaṃ pratyayavikāra: phalamiti vyavasthāpyate, tadayuktam | yasmātte’pi 

pratyayā asvayaṃmayā apratyayasvabhāvā ityartha: | tantumayo hi paṭa ityucyate | syāt paṭo 

yadi tantava eva svabhāvasiddhā: syu: | te hi aṃśumayā{5. aṃśamayā aṃśavikārā ##for## aṃśumayā aṃśuvikārā.} aṃśuvikārā na svabhāvasiddhā: | 

tataśca tebhyo’svayaṃmayebhyo’svabhāvebhyo yatphalaṃ paṭākhyam, tatkathaṃ tantumayaṃ bhaviṡyati ? 

yathoktam- 

paṭa: kāraṇata: siddha: siddhaṃ kāraṇamanyata: | 

siddhiryasya svato nāsti tadanyajjanayetkatham || iti || 15 || 

[śūnyatāsaptati] 

@035

tasmānna pratyayamayaṃ 

phalaṃ saṃvidyate | apratyamayaṃ tarhi astu- 

nāpratyamayaṃ phalam | 

saṃvidyate 

iti tantumayo yadā paṭo nāsti, tadā kathaṃ vīraṇamaya: syāt ? 

atrāha-mā bhūtphalam, pratyayāpratyayaniyamastu vidyate | tathā ca bhavān bravīti- 

yadi asat phalaṃ pratyayebhya: pravartate, apratyayebhyo’pi kasmānnābhipravartate iti | na 

cāsati phale paṭakaṭākhye tantuvīraṇānāṃ pratyayānāṃ prayatyatvaṃ yuktam, ata: phalamapya- 

stīti | ucyate | syātphalaṃ yadi pratyayāpratyayā eva syu: | sati hi phale ime’sya 

pratyayā ime’pratyayā iti syāt | tacca vicāryamāṇaṃ nāstīti- 

phalābhāvātpratyayāpratyayā: kuta: ||16|| 

pratyayāśca apratyayāśceti samāsa: || tasmānnāsti bhāvānāṃ svabhāvata: {1. ##T om.## svabhāvata:.} 

samutpattiriti | yathoktamāryaratnākarasūtre- 

śūnyavidya na hi vidyate kvaci 

antarīkṡi śakunasya vā padam | 

yon a vidyati sabhāvata: kvaci 

so na jātu parahetu bheṡyati || 

yasya naiva hi sabhāvu labhyati 

so’svabhāvu parapaccaya: katham | 

asvabhāvu paru kiṃ janīṡyati 

eṡa hetu sugatena deśita: || 

sarva dharma acalā drḍhaṃ sthitā 

nirvikāra nirupadravā: śivā: | 

antarīkṡapathatulya’jānakā 

tatra muhyati jagaṃ ajānakam || 

śailaparvata yathā akampiyā 

evaṃ dharma avikampiyā: sadā | 

no cyavati na pi copapadyayu 

evaṃ dharmata{2. ##P## dharmaṇa ## for## dharmata.} jinena deśitā || ityādi | 

@036

tathā- 

yon a pi jāyati nā cupapadyī 

no cyavate na pi jīryati dharma: | 

taṃ jinu deśayatī narasiṃha: 

tatra niveśayi sattvaśatāni || 

yasya sabhāvu na vidyati kaści 

no parabhāvatu kenaci labdha: | 

nāntarato na pi bāhirato vā 

labhyati tatra niveśayi nātha: || 

śānta gatī kathitā sugatena 

no ca gati upalabhyati kāci | 

tatra ca voharasī gatimukto 

muktaku mocayamī bahusattvān || iti vistara: ||16||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

pratyayaparīkṡā nāma prathamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@037

2

gatāgataparīkṡā dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yadyapi utpādapratiṡedhātpratītyasamutpādasya anirodhādiviśeṡaṇasiddhi:, 

tathāpi anāgamānirgamapratītyasamutpādasiddhaye lokaprasiddhagamanāgamanakriyāpratiṡedhārthaṃ 

kiṃcidupapattyantaramucyatāmiti | ucyate | yadi gamanaṃ nāma syānniyataṃ tadgate vā 

adhvajāte parikalpyeta agate gamyamāne vā sarvathā ca na yujyate ityāha- 

gataṃ na gamyate tāvadagataṃ naiva gamyate | 

gatāgatavinirmuktaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate ||1|| 

tatra uparatagamikriyamadhvajātaṃ gatamityucyate | āviśyamānaṃ gamikriyayā{1. ##P## vartamānagamikriyayā ##for## gamikriyayā vartamānaṃ ##as in Mss.##} vartamānaṃ 

gamyata ityucyate | yadgatamuparatagamikriyaṃ tadvartamānagamikriyāyogavācinā gamyate 

ityanena śabdenocyamānamasaṃbaddhamiti krtvā gataṃ tāvad gamyata iti na yujyate | tāva- 

cchabdena ca pratiṡedhakramaṃ darśayati || 

agatamapi{2. ##Mss.## agatamiti ##for## agatamapi.} na gamyate | agataṃ hi anupajātagamikriyamanāgatamucyate, gamyata 

iti ca vartamānam | ato’nāgatavartamānayoratyantabhedādagatamapi gamyata iti na yujyate | 

yadi agataṃ kathaṃ gamyate, atha gamyate na tadagatamiti || 

gamyamāne’pi nāsti gamanam, yasmāt- 

gatāgatavinirmuktaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate | 

iha hi gantā yaṃ deśamatikrānta: sa tasya deśo gata:, yaṃ ca nātikrānta: so’syā- 

nāgata: | na ca gatāgatavyatirekeṇa trtīyamaparamadhvajātaṃ paśyāmo gamyamānaṃ nāma | 

yataścaivaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate, gamyata iti na prajñāyate, tasmānnāsti gamyamānam | ato 

na tad gamikriyayā āviśyate na gamyata iti nāsti gamyamāne’pi gamanam || 

atha syāt-ganturgacchato yaścaraṇākrānto deśa:, sa gamyamāna: syāditi | naivam, 

caraṇayorapi paramāṇusāṃghātatvāt | aṅgulyagrāvasthitasya paramāṇorya: pūrvo deśa:, sa 

tasya gate’ntargata: | pārṡṇyavasthitasya caramaparamāṇorya uttaro deśa:, sa tasya agate’nta- 

rgata: | na ca paramāṇuvyatirekeṇa caraṇamasti | tasmānnāsti gatāgatavyatirekeṇa gamya- 

mānam | yathā caivaṃ caraṇe vicāra:, evaṃ paramāṇūnāmapi pūrvāparadigbhāvasaṃbandhena vicāra: 

@038

kārya iti | athārdhagataṃ gamyamānam, uktamuttaraṃ jāyamānavicāreṇa | tasmādgamyamānaṃ na 

gamyate iti siddham ||1|| 

tatrāha-gamyata eva gamyamānam | iha hi- 

ceṡṭā yatra gatistatra gamyamāne ca sā yata: | 

na gate nāgate ceṡṭā gamyamāne gatistata: ||2|| 

tatra ceṡṭā caraṇotkṡepaparikṡepalakṡaṇā | yato brajato ganturyatra deśe ceṡṭā gati: 

tatraiva deśe | sā ca ceṡṭā na gate’dhvani saṃbhavati nāpyagate, kiṃ tu gamyamāna eva | tataśca 

gamyamāne gati: | yatra hi gatirupalabhyate tadgamyamānam, tacca gamikriyayā āviśyate | 

tasmād gamyamānameva gamyate iti | eko’tra gamirjñānārtha:, aparaśca deśāntarasaṃprāptyartha 

iti ||2|| 

evamapi parikalpyamāne gamyamānaṃ na gamyata ityāha- 

gamyamānasya gamanaṃ kathaṃ nāmopapatsyate | 

gamyamāne{1. ##T## gamyamānaṃ hyagamanaṃ ##for## gamyamāne dvigamanaṃ.} dvigamanaṃ yadā naivopapadyate ||3|| 

iha hi gamikriyāyogādeva gamyamānavyapadeśamicchati bhavān, tacca iti gamyata 

bravīti | ekā cātra gamikriyā, tayā gamyamānavyapadeśo bhavatu kāmamadhvana: | gamyata 

iti bhūya: kriyāsaṃbandho gamyamānasya na yujyata iti 

gamyamānasya gamanaṃ kathaṃ nāmopapatsyate | 

kāraṇamāha- 

gamyamāne dvigamanaṃ yadā naivopapadyate || iti || 

gamyamānamiti gamyata ityartha: | dvigataṃ{2. ##T## agamanaṃ gamanarahitaṃ ##for## dvigataṃ gamanaṃ dvigamanam | ekasyā gamikriyāyā.} gamanaṃ dvigamanam | ekasyā gamikriyāyā 

gamyamānamityatropayuktatvād dvitīyāyā abhāvācca, gamyata ityayaṃ vyapadeśo vinā gamanena 

yadā naivopapadyate, tadā gamyamānaṃ gamyata iti paripūrṇo vākyārtho nāstītyabhiprāya: | 

gamyamānamityetāvanmātrameva saṃbhavati dvitīyakriyābhāvāt, na tu gamyata iti ||3|| 

atha gamyate ityatraiva gamikriyāsaṃbandha iṡyate, evaṃ sati gamyamānavyapadeśe nāsti 

kriyāsaṃbandha iti na paripūrṇatā vākyārthasyetyāha- 

gamyamānasya gamanaṃ yasya tasya prasajyate | 

rte gatergamyamānaṃ gamyamānaṃ hi gamyate ||4|| 

yasya vādino gamyamānasya gamanamiti pakṡa:, gamyamāne saṃjñābhūte gamikriyāśūnye 

yo gamikriyāmādheyabhūtāmicchati, tasya pakṡe rte gatergamyamānamiti prasajyate, gati- 

@039

rahitaṃ gamanaṃ syāt | yasmādasya gamyamānaṃ hi gamyate | hi śabdo yasmādarthe | yasmād 

gatirahitameva gamyamānaṃ sat tasya vādino gamyate, gamyata ityatra kriyopayogāt, tasmād 

gatirahitaṃ gamanaṃ prasajyate ||4|| 

atha ubhayatrāpi kriyāsaṃbandha iṡyate gamyamāne gamyate ityatra ca, evamapi- 

gamyamānasya gamane prasaktaṃ gamanadvayam | 

yena tadgamyamānaṃ ca yaccātra gamanaṃ puna: ||5|| 

yena gamanena yogādgamyamānavyapadeśaṃ pratilabhate’dhvā, tadekaṃ gamanam | tatra 

gamyamāne’dhikaraṇabhūte {1. ##T## gamanāśrayabhūte ##for## adhikaraṇabhūte.} dvitīyaṃ gamanaṃ yena so’dhvā gamyate | etadgamanadvayaṃ gamyamānasya 

gamane sati prasaktam ||5|| 

bhavatu gamanadvayam, ko doṡa iti cet, ayaṃ doṡa: | yasmāt- 

dvau gantārau prasajyete prasakte gamanadvaye | 

kiṃ puna: kāraṇaṃ gantrdvayaprasaṅge ityāha- 

gantāraṃ hi tiraskrtya gamanaṃ nopapadyate ||6|| 
yasmādavaśyaṃ kriyā svasādhanamapekṡate karma kartāraṃ vā | gamikriyā caivaṃ kartaryava- 

sthitā, ato gantāramapekṡate | nāsti ca ekasminneva gacchati devadatte dvitīya: karteti | 

ata: kartrdvayābhāvānnāsti gamanadvayam | tataśca gamyamānaṃ gamyata iti nopapadyate || 

atha syāt-yadāyaṃ devadatta: sthita:, sa{2. ##P## sa nanu bhāṡate nanu paśyati nanu ##for## sa na bhāṡate paśyati na ?; ##T om.##} nab hāṡate ? paśyati na ? tadaiko{3. ##T## tadaika: kartā ##for## tadaiko.}’neka- 

kriyo drṡṭa:, evamekasmin gantari kriyādvayaṃ bhaviṡyati iti | naivam | śaktirhi kārako 

na dravyam | kriyābhedācca tatsādhanasyāpi śakte: siddha eva bheda: | na hi sthitikriyayā 

vaktā syāt | dravyamekamiti cet, bhavatu evam, na tu dravyaṃ kāraka:, {4. ##Mss.## kārakam ##for## kāraka:.} kiṃ tarhi śakti:, 

sā ca bhidyata eva | api ca | sadrśakriyādvayakārakatvaṃ naikadeśikasya drṡṭam, ato naikasya 

ganturgamanadvayam ||6|| 

atrāha-yadyapyevaṃ tathāpi gantari devadatte gamanamupalabhyate devadatto gacchatīti 

vyapadeśāt | tataśca vidyata eva gamanaṃ gamanāśrayagantrsadbhāvāt | ucyate | syādevaṃ yadi 

gamanāśrayo gantā syāt, na {5. ##Mss. om.## na tvasti ##though renderedin T.##}tvasti | kathamityāha- 

gantāraṃ cettiraskrtya gamanaṃ nopapadyate | 

gamane’sati gantātha kuta eva bhaviṡyati ||7|| 

@040

gantāramantareṇa nirāśrayaṃ gamanamasadityuktam, tataśca gantāraṃ cettiraskrtya pratyā- 

khyāya gamanaṃ nāsti, asati gamane kuto nirhetuko gantā ? ato nāsti gamanam ||7|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva gamanam, tadvatastena vyapadeśāt | iha gantā gamanena yukta:, 

tadyogācca gacchati | yadi gamanaṃ na syāt, gamanavato devadattasya gacchatīti vyapadeśo na 

syāt, daṇḍābhāve daṇḍivyapadeśābhāvavat | ucyate | syādgamanam, yadi gacchatītyevaṃ 

vyapadeśa: syāt | yasmāt- 

gantā na gacchati tāvadagantā naiva gacchati | 

anyo ganturagantuśca kastrtīyo hi gacchati ||8|| 

iha gacchatīti gantā, sat āvanna gacchati, yathā ca na gacchati tathottareṇa 

ślokatrayeṇa pratipādayiṡyati | agantāpi na gacchati | agantā hi nāma yo gamikriyā- 

rahita: | gacchatīti ca gamikriyāyogapravrtta: śabda: | yadyasāvagantā, kathaṃ gacchati ? 

atha gacchati, nāsau agantā iti | tadubhayavyatirikto gacchatīti cennaivam | ko hi 

ganturaganturvinirmuktastrtīyo’sti yo gacchatīti kalpyeta ? tasmānnāsti gamanam ||8|| 

atrāha-nāgantā gacchati nāpyubhayarahita:, kiṃ tarhi gantaiva gacchatīti | 

etadapyasat | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt- 

gantā tāvadgacchatīti kathamevopapatsyate | 

gamanena vinā gantā yadā naivopapadyate ||9|| 

gantā gacchatītyatra vākye ekaiva gamikriyā, tayā ca gacchatīti vyapadiśyate | 

ganteti tu vyapadeśe nāsti dvitīyā gamikriyā iti | gamanena vinā gantā, agacchan 

ganteti yadā na saṃbhavati, tadā gantā gacchatīti na yujyate | kāmaṃ gacchatītyastu, ganteti 

tu na saṃbhavatīti tadayuktam ||9|| 

atha gatiyogātsagatika eva gantā, tathāpi dvitīyagamikriyābhāvādgacchatīti 

vyapadeśo na syādityāha- 

pakṡo gantā gacchatīti yasya tasya prasajyate | 

gamanena vinā gantā ganturgamanamicchata: ||10|| 

yasya vādino gamikriyāyogādeva ganteti pakṡa:, tasya ganturgamanamicchata:

sagamanagantrvyapadeśādgamanena vinā gantā gacchatīti syāt, dvitīyagamikriyābhāvāt | 

ato{1. ##C## ato gay antā gacchatīti na yujyate | gacchatīti na yujyate | gacchatīti etasyārthe; ##paris Mss. om.## gantā.} gantā gacchatīti na yujyate | gacchatītyetatyārthe ganteti śabdo gamanena vinā 

gantetyatra vākye ||10|| 

@041

atha ubhayatrāpi gatiyoga iṡyate gantā gacchatīti, evamapi- 

gamane dve prasajyete gantā yadyuta gacchati | 

ganteti cocyate yena gantā san yacca gacchati ||11|| 

yena gamanena yogād gantetyucyate vyapadiśyate tadekaṃ gamanam | gantā bhavan yacca

gacchati, yāṃ ca gatikriyāṃ karoti, tadetadgamanadvayaṃ prasaktam | ato gantrdvayaprasaṅga iti 

pūrvavad dūṡaṇaṃ vaktavyam | tasmānnāsti gacchatīti vyapadeśa: || 

atrāha-yadyapyevam, tathāpi devadatto gacchatīti vyapadeśasadbhāvādgamanamastīti | 

naivam | yasmāddevadattāśrayaivaiṡā{1. ##Mss.## ^śrayaiva naiva cintā; ##P## ^śrayaivaiṡaiva ##for## ^śrayaivaiṡā.} cintā kimasau gantā san gacchati, uta agantā gacchati, 

tadvyatirikto veti | sarvathā ca nopapadyata iti yatkiṃcidetat || 

atrāha-vidyata eva gamanam, tadārambhasadbhāvāt | iha devadatta: sthityupamardena 

gamanamārabhate | na ca avidyamānakūrmaromaprāvārā{2. ##Mss.## ^pravāryā^ ##or## ^pracāryā^.}dikamārabhate | ucyate | syādgamanaṃ 

yadi tadārambhe eva syāt | yasmāt- 

gate nārabhyate gantuṃ gataṃ nārabhyate’gate | 

nārabhyate gamyamāne gantumārabhyate kuha ||12|| 

yadi gamanārambho bhavet, tad gate vādhvanyārabhyeta, agate vā gamyamāne vā | 

tatra gate gamanaṃ nārabhyate, taddhi nāma uparatagamikriyam | yadi tatra gamanamārabhyeta, tad 

gatamityevaṃ na syād atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | agate’pi gamanaṃ nārabhyate, anāgata- 

vartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpi gamyamāne, tadabhāvāt kriyādvayaprasaṅgāt kartrdvayaprasaṅgācca |

tadevaṃ sarvatra gamanārambhamapaśyannāha-gantumārabhyate kuheti ||12|| 

yathā ca gamanaṃ na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha- 

na{3. ##Mss.## agasti (?) ##for## na pūrvaṃ ##which T confirms.##} pūrvaṃ gamanārambhādgamyamānaṃ na vā gatam | 

yatrārabhyeta gamanamagate gamanaṃ kuta: ||13|| 

iha devadatto yadāvasthita āste, sa tadā gamanaṃ nārabhate | tasya gamanārambhātpūrvaṃ 

na gamyamānamadhvajātamasti, na ca gataṃ yatra gamanamārabhyeta | tasmād gatagamyamānā- 

bhāvādenayorna gamanārambha: || 

atha syāt-yadyapi gamanārambhātpūrvaṃ na gataṃ na ganyamānaṃ tathāpyagatamasti, tatra 

gamanārambha: spāditi | ucyate | agate gamanaṃ kuta: | anupajātagamikriyamanārabdha- 

gamikriyamagatam | tatra gamanārambha ityasaṃbaddhametadityāha-agate gamanaṃ kuta: iti ||13|| 

@042

yadyapi gatāgatagamyamāneṡu gamanārambho nāsti, gatāgatagamyamānāni tu santi | 

na cāsati gamane etāni yujyanta iti | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadyetānyeva syu: | sati 

hi gamikriyāprārambhe yatroparatā gamikriyā tad gatamiti parikalpyeta, yatra vartamānā 

tad gamyamānam, yatrājātā tadagatamiti | yadā tu gamikriyāprārambha eva nāsti, 

tadā- 

gataṃ kiṃ gamyamānaṃ kimagataṃ kiṃ vikalpyate | 

adrśyamāna ārambhe gamanasyaiva sarvathā ||14|| 

prārambhe’nupalabhyamāne kiṃ mithyādhvatrayaṃ parikalpyate, kuto vā tadvyapadeśakāraṇaṃ 

gamanamityayuktametat ||14|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva gamanaṃ tatpratipakṡasadbhāvāt | yasya ca pratipakṡo’sti, 

tadasti, ālokāndhakāravat pārāvāravat saṃśayaniścayavacca | asti ca gamanasya pratipakṡa: 

sthānamiti | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadi tatpratipakṡa: sthānaṃ syāt | kathamihedaṃ sthānaṃ 

ganturagantustadanyasya vā parikalpyeta ? sarvathā ca na yujyata ityāha- 

gantā na tiṡṭhati tāvadagantā naiva tiṡṭhati | 

anyo ganturagantuśca kastrtīyo’tha tiṡṭhati ||15|| 

yathā gantā na tiṡṭhati tathottareṇa ślokenākhyāsyati | agantāpi na tiṡṭhati, 

sa hi tiṡṭhatyeva, tasya kimaparayā sthityā prayojanam ? agantāpi na tiṡṭhati ? sa hi 

tiṡṭhatyeva, tasya kimaparayā sthityā prayojanam ? ekayā sthityā agantā aparayā 

tiṡṭhatīti sthitidvayaprasaṅkāt sthātrdvayaprasaṅga iti pūrvavaddoṡa: | gantragantrrahitaścānyo 

nāsti ||15|| 

atrāha-nāgantā tiṡṭhati, nāpi ganturagantuścānya:, kiṃ tarhi gantaiva tiṡṭhatīti | 

naivam | yasmāt- 

gantā tāvatti tīti kathamevopapatsyate | 

gamanena vinā gantā yadā naivopapadyate ||16|| 

yadāyaṃ tiṡṭhatītyucyate, tadā sthitivirodhi gamanamasya nāsti, vinā ca gamanaṃ 

gantrvyapadeśo nāsti | ato gantā tiṡṭhatīti nopapadyate ||16||

atrāha-vidyata eva gamanam, tannivrttisadbhāvāt | iha gaternivartamāna: sthiti- 

mārabhate | gamanābhāve tu na tato nivarteta | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadi tannivrttireva 

syāt | [na{1. ##Mss. om.## na tvasti ##but T supports it.##} tvasti] yasmāt- 

@043

na{1. ##According to T and Com. we should have## na nivartate ##for## na tiṡṭhati, ##but the latter is selected probably for metrical reasons.##} tiṡṭhati gamyamānānna gatānnāgatādapi | 

tatra gantā gatādadhvano na nivartate gatyabhāvāt | agatādapi, gatyabhāvādeva | 

gamyamānādapi na nivartate tadanupalabdhe gamikriyābhāvācca | tasmānna gatinivrtti: || 

atrāha-yadi gamanapratidvadvisthityabhāvādgatirasatī, evaṃ tarhi gamanaprasiddhaye 

sthitiṃ sādhayāma:, tatsiddhau gamanasiddhi: | tasmādvidyata eva sthānaṃ pratidvandvisadbhāvāt, 

sthiterhi pratidvandvi gamanam, tadasti, tataśca sthitirapi, pratidvandvisadbhāvāt | etadapya- 

yuktam | yasmāt- 

gamanaṃ saṃpravrttiśca nivrttiśca gate: samā ||17|| 

atra hi yadgamanaṃ sthitisiddhaye varṇitaṃ tadgatyā samaṃ gatidūṡaṇena tulyamityartha: | 

yathā gantā na tiṡṭhati tāvadityādinā gatiprasiddhaye sthiterhetutvenopāttāyā dūṡaṇamuktam, 

evamihāpi sthitiprasiddhaye gamanasya hetutvenopāttasya sthātā na gacchati tāvadityādinā 
ślokadvayapāṭhaparivartena{2. sthātā na gacchatiṃ tāvadasthātā naiva gacchati | anya: sthāturasthātuśca kastrtīyo’tha gacchati || sthātā 

tāvadgacchatīti kathamevopapatsyate | sthānena vinā sthātā yadā naivopapadyate ||} dūṡaṇaṃ vaktavyamiti nāsti gamanam, tadabhāvātpratidvandvinī 

sthitirapīti | evaṃ tāvad gamanaṃ gatyā tulyaṃ pratyākhyeyam || 

atha syāt-vidyata eva sthānaṃ tadārambhasadbhāvāt | iha gatyupamardena sthāna- 

mārabhyate, kathaṃ tanna syāt ? ucyate | saṃpravrttiśca gate: samā vācyā | tatra yathā pūrvaṃ 

gate nārabhyate gantumityādinā (2.12) gamanārambho niṡiddha:, evamihāpi- 

sthite{3. ##This stanza and the following are obtained merely by## pāṭhaparivarta ##as those in the previous note are. They are not counted as constituting part 

of the text of Karikas as the Tibetan version of the Mula-Madhyamaka. indicates.##} nārabhyate sthātuṃ sthātuṃ nārabhyate’sthite | 

nārabhyate sthīyamāne sthātumārabhyate kuha || 

ityādinā ślokatrayaparivartena sthānasaṃvrttirapi gate: samā | sthānanivrttirapi 

gatinivrttyā samā pratyākhyeyā | yathā gatiniṡedhe- 

na{4. ##T. seems to support## na nivartate ##for## na tiṡṭhati ##and## na gacchati.} tiṡṭhati gamyamānānna gatānnāgatādapi | 

iti gaterdūṡaṇamuktam, evaṃ sthitiniṡedhe’pi 

na{4. ##T. seems to support## na nivartate ##for## na tiṡṭhati ##and## na gacchati.} gacchati sthīyamānānna sthitānnāsthitādapi | 

@044

iti gatyā tulyaṃ dūṡaṇamiti nāsti sthiti: | tadabhāvātkuto gatipratipakṡasthitisadbhāva- 

vādināṃ gate: siddhiriti ||17|| 

api ca | yadi gamanaṃ syāt, gantrvyatirekeṇa vā syādavyatirekeṇa vā ? sarvathā 

ca vicāryamāṇaṃ na saṃbhavatītyāha- 

yadeva gamanaṃ gantā sa eveti na yujyate | 

anya eva punargantā gateriti na yujyate ||18|| 

kathaṃ punarna yujyata ityāha- 

yadeva gamanaṃ gantā sa eva hi bhavedyadi | 

ekībhāva: prasajyeta kartu: karmaṇa eva ca ||19|| 

yeyaṃ gamikriyā, sā yadi ganturavyatiriktā nānyā syāt, tadā kartu: kriyāyā- 

ścaikatvaṃ syāt | tataśca iyaṃ kriyā, ayaṃ kartā, iti viśeṡo na syāt | na ca 

chidikriyāyā: chettuśca ekatvam | ato yadeva gamana sa eva ganteti na yujyate ||19|| 

anyatvamapi gantrgamanayoryathā nāsti tathā pratipādayannāha- 

anya eva punargantā gateryadi vikalpyate | 

gamanaṃ syādrte ganturgantā syādgamanādrte ||20|| 

yadi hi gantrgamanayoranyatvaṃ syāt, tadā gamananirapekṡo gantā syāt, 

gantrnirapekṡaṃ ca gamanaṃ grhyeta prthak siddhaṃ ghaṭādiva paṭa: | na ca gantu: prthaksiddhaṃ gamanaṃ 

grhyata iti | anya eva punargantā gateriti na yujyate iti prasādhitametat ||20|| 

tadevam- 

ekībhāvena vā siddhirnānābhāvena vā yayo: | 

na vidyate, tayo: siddhi: kathaṃ nu khalu vidyate ||21|| 

yayorgantrgamanayoryathoditanyāyena ekībhāvena vā nānābhāvena vā nāsti siddhi:, 

tayoridānīṃ kenānyena prakāreṇa siddhirastu ? ata āha-tayo: siddhi: kathaṃ nu khalu 

vidyata iti | nāsti gantrgamanayo: siddharityabhiprāya: ||21|| 

atrāha-iha devadatto gantā gacchatīti lokaprasiddham | tatra yathā vaktā vācaṃ 

bhāṡate, kartā kriyāṃ karoti, iti prasiddham, eva yathā gatyā gantetyabhivyajyate tāṃ 

gacchatīti na yathoktadoṡa: | tadapyasat | yasmāt- 

gatyā yayocyate gantā gatiṃ tāṃ san a gacchati | 

yayā gatyā devadatto gantetyabhivyajate, sa{1. ##T seems of have:## sa tāṃ na gacchati na prāpnoti ##for## sa gantā san…prāpnoti.} gantā san tāṃ tāvanna gacchati, na 

prāpnoti, yadi vā na karotītyartha: | 

@045

yasmānna gatipūrvo’sti 

gate: pūrvo gatipūrva: | yadi gantā gate: pūrvaṃ siddha: syāt, sa tāṃ gacchet | 

katham ? yasmāt- 

{1. ##Mss.## kaṃcit ##for## kaścit.} kaścitkiṃciddhi gacchati ||22|| 

kaściddevadatta: kiṃcidarthāntarabhūtaṃ grāmaṃ nagaraṃ vā gacchatīti drṡṭam | na caivaṃ 

yayā gatyā gantetyucyate, tasyā: pūrvaṃ siddharūpo gatinirapekṡo gantā nāma asti yastāṃ 

gacchet ||22|| 

atha manyase-yayā gatyā gantetyabhivyajyate, tāmeva asau na gacchati, kiṃ tarhi 

tato’nyāmiti | etadapyasat | yasmāt- 

gatyā yayocyate gantā tato’nyāṃ san a gacchati | 

gatī dve nopapadyete yasmādeke pragacchati ||23|| 

yayā gatyā gantā abhivyajyate, tato’nyāmapi sa gantā san na gacchati, 

gatidvayaprasaṅgāt | yayā gatyā gantā abhivyajyate, gantā san yāṃ cāparāṃ gacchatītyetad 

gatidvayaṃ prasaktam | na ca ekasmin gantari gatidvayam | ityayuktametat | etena vaktā vācaṃ 

bhāṡate, kartā kriyāṃ karoti, iti pratyuktam{2. ##Paris Mss.## prayuktam; ##C## pratyayuktam ##for## pratyuktam ##which is supported by T.##} ||23|| 

tadevam- 

sadbhūto gamanaṃ gantā triprakāraṃ na gacchati | 

nāsadbhūto’pi gamanaṃ triprakāraṃ sa gacchati ||24|| 

gamanaṃ sadasadbhūtastriprakāraṃ na gacchati | 

tatra gamyata iti gamanamihocyate | tatra sadbhūto gantā yo gamikriyāyukta: | 

asadbhūto gantā yo gamikriyārahita: | sadasadbhūto ya ubhayapakṡīyarūpa: | eva

gamanamapi triprakāraṃ gamikriyāsaṃbandhena veditavyam | tatra sadbhūto gantā sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ 

sadasadbhūtaṃ triprakāraṃ gamanaṃ na gacchati | etacca karmakārakaparīkṡāyāmākhyāsyate | 

evamasadbhūto’pi gantā triprakāraṃ gamanaṃ na gacchati | sadasadbhūto’pīti tatraiva 

pratipādayiṡyati | yataścaivaṃ gantrgantavyagamanāni vicāryamāṇāni na santi, 

tasmādgatiśca gantā ca gantavyaṃ ca na vidyate ||25|| 

yathoktamāryākṡayamatinirdeśasūtre- 

agatiriti bhadanta śāradvatīputra saṃkarṡaṇapadametat | gatiriti bhadanta śāradvatīputra 

niṡkarṡaṇapadametat | yatra na saṃkarṡaṇapadaṃ na niṡkarṡaṇapadaṃ tadāryāṇāṃ padam | apadayogena 

anāgatiragatiścāryāṇāṃ gatiriti || 

@046

yadi bījamevāṅkure saṃkramati, bījameva tatsyānna yadaṅkura: śāśvatadoṡaprasaṅgaśca | 

athāṅkuro’nyata āgacchati, ahetukadoṡaprasaṅga: syāt | na cāhetukasyotpatti: khara-

viṡāṇasyeva || 

ata evāha bhagavān- 

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro na ca yo bīju sa caiva aṅkuro | 

na ca anyu tato na caiva tadevamanuccheda aśāśvata dharmatā || iti || 

mudrātpratimudra drśyate mudrasaṃkrānti na copalabhyate | 

na ca tatra na caiva sānyato evaṃ saṃskāranucchedaśāśvatā: || iti ca || 

[lalitavistara-13.102,104] 

tathā- 

ādarśaprṡṭhe tatha tailapātre nirīkṡate nārimukhaṃ alaṃkrtam | 

so tatra rāgaṃ janayitva bālo{1. ##Mss.## bālā ##for## bālo.} pradhāvito kāmi gaveṡamāṇo || 

mukhasya saṃkrānti yadā na vidyate bimbe mukhaṃ naiva kadāci labhyate | 
mūḍho{2. ##T## mūḍhā yathaite janayanti rāgaṃ ##for## mūḍho yathā sā janayeta rāgaṃ.} yathā so janayeta rāgaṃ tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.9-10] 

tathā [āryasamādhirājasūtre’pi]-

tahi kāli so daśabalo anagho 

jinu bhāṡate imu samādhivaram | 

supinopamā bhavagatī sakalā 

na hi kaści jāyati na co mriyate || 

na ca sattvu labhyati na jīvu naro 

imi dharma phenakadalīsadrśā: | 

māyopamā gaganavidyusamā 

dakacandrasaṃnibha marīcisamā: || 

na ca asmi loki mrtu kaści naro 

paraloka saṃkramati gacchati vā | 

na ca karma naśyati kadāci krtaṃ 

phalu{3. ##Mss.## phala devi; ##T## phalavipāka ##for## phalu deti.} deti krṡṇa śubha saṃsarato || 

@047

gatāgataparokṡā dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam | 

na ca śāśvataṃ na ca uccheda puno{1. ##T om.## puno.} 

na ca karmaṃsaṃcayu na cāpi sthiti: | 

na ca so’pi krtva punarāsprśati 

na ca anyu krtva puna vedayate || 

na ca saṃkramo na ca punāgamanaṃ 

na ca sarvamasti na ca nāsti puna: | 

na ca drṡṭa{2. ##P## drṡṭisthāna^ ##for## drṡṭa sthāna^.} sthānagatiśuddhiṃriho{3. ##P## iha ##for## iho ##or## ihā ##of Mss.##} 

na ca sattvacāra{4. ##Mss.## coru; ##T## na sattvavicāra praśāntigati:.} supaśāntagati || 

supinopamaṃ hi tribhavaṃ vaśikaṃ 

laghu{5. ##T## laghu bhaṅguramanityaṃ māyasamaṃ ##for the line.##}bhagnamanityena māyasamam | 

na ca āgataṃ na ca ihopagataṃ 

śūnyānimitta sada saṃtatiyo || 

anutpāda śānta animittapadaṃ 

sugatāna gocara jināna guṇā | 

bala dhāraṇī daśabalāna balaṃ 

buddhāna iyaṃ vrṡabhitā paramā || 

varaśukladharmaguṇasaṃnicayo 

guṇajñānadhāraṇibalaṃ paramam | 

rddhīvikurvaṇavidhi: paramo 

varapañcabhijñapratilābhanaya: {6. ##The variants in the printed text of## samādhirāja ##are not noted.##} || 

[samādhirājasūtra-29.13-19] 

iti vistara: || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

gatāgataparīkṡā nāma dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@048

3

cakṡurādīndriyaparīkṡā trtīyaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yadyapi gatiśca gantā ca gantavyaṃ ca na vidyate, tathāpi pravacanasiddhya- 

pekṡayā draṡṭrdraṡṭavyadarśanādīnāmastitvamāstheyam | tathā cābhidharme ucyate | 

darśanaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ rasanaṃ sparśanaṃ mana: | 

indriyāṇi ṡaḍeteṡāṃ draṡṭavyādīni gocara: ||1|| 

tasmātsanti darśanādīni svabhāvata iti | ucyate | na santi | iha hi paśyatīti{1. ##T## iha cakṡurdarśanāt paśyatīti ##for## iha…paśyatīti.} 

darśanaṃ cakṡu:, tasya ca rūpaṃ viṡayatvenopadiśyate ||1|| 

yathā darśanaṃ rūpaṃ na paśyati tathā pratipādayannāha- 

svamātmānaṃ{2. ##Mss.## sva ātmānaṃ...tattemeva na paśyati ##for the first half; Rajendra Lal Mitra reads## tattvameva ##for## tattameva.} darśanaṃ hi tattameva na paśyati | 

na paśyati yadātmānaṃ kathaṃ drakṡyati tatparān ||2|| 

tatra tadeva darśanaṃ svātmānaṃ na paśyati svātmani kriyāvirodhāt | tataśca 

svātmādarśanācchrotrādivannīlādikaṃ na paśyati | tasmānnāsti darśanam ||5|| 

yadyapi svātmānaṃ na paśyati, tathāpyagnivat parān drakṡyati | tathā hi agni: 

parātmānameva dahati na svātmānam, evaṃ darśanaṃ parāneva drakṡyati na svātmānamiti | 

etadapyayuktam | 

na paryāpto’gnidrṡṭānto darśanasya prasiddhaye | 

yo’yamagnidrṡṭānto darśanasya prasiddhaye bhavatopanyasta:, san a paryāpto nālaṃ na 

samartho na yujyata ityartha: | yasmāt- 

sadarśana: sa prayukto gamyamānagatāgatai: ||3|| 

saha darśanena vartata iti sadarśana: | yo'yamagnidrṡṭānto darśanaprasiddhaye bhavato- 

panyasta:, so’pi saha darśanena dārṡṭāntikārthena pratyukto dūṡita: | kena punarityāha- 

gamyamānagatāgatai: | yathā gataṃ na gamyate nāgataṃ na gamyamānam, evamagnināpi dagdhaṃ na 

dahyate nādagdhaṃ dahyata ityādinā samaṃ vācyam | yathā ca na gataṃ nāgataṃ na gamyamānaṃ 

gamyate, evam- 

@049

na{1. ##This stanza is not to be confounded as a Karika of our text, as it is not rendered in T in the Mula-Madhyamaka.##} drṡṭaṃ drśyate tāvadadrṡṭaṃ naiva drśyate | 

drṡṭādrṡṭavinirmuktaṃ drśyamānaṃ na drśyate || 

ityādi vācyam ||3|| 

yathā ca gantā na gacchati tāvadityādyuktam, evaṃ na{2. ##Mss.## na dagdhaṃ dahyate tāvat..evaṃ na darśanaṃ paśyate tāvat ##for## na dagdhā...paśyati tāvat ##which reading is confirmed by T.##} dagdhā dahati tāvadityādi 

vācyam | evaṃ na draṡṭā paśyati tāvadityādinā agnidrṡṭāntena saha gamyamānagatāgatairya- 

smātsamaṃ dūṡaṇam, ato’gnivad darśanasiddhiriti na yujyate | tataśca siddhametat-svātma- 

vad darśanaṃ parānapi na paśyatīti ||3|| 

yadaivaṃ tadā- 

nāpaśyamānaṃ bhavati yadā kiṃcana darśanam | 

darśanaṃ paśyatītyevaṃ kathametattu yujyate ||4|| 

yadā caivamapaśyanna kiṃciddarśanaṃ bhavati, tadānīmapaśyato darśanātvāyogāt stambhā- 

divat paśyatīti darśanamiti vyapadeśo na yujyate | yadyapi darśanaśabdādanantaraṃ śloka- 

bandhānurodhena darśanaṃ paśyatīti pāṭha:, tathāpi vyākhyānakāle paśyatīti darśanamityevaṃ 

kathametattu yujyate iti paṭhitavyam ||4|| 

kiṃ cānyat-iha paśyatīti darśanamityucyamāne darśanakriyayā darśanasvabhāvasya vā 

cakṡuṡa: saṃbandha: parikalpyeta, adarśanasvabhāvasya vā ? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha- 

paśyati darśanaṃ naiva naiva paśyatyadarśanam |

darśanasvabhāvasya tāvad drśikriyāyuktasya bhūya: paśyatītyādinā saṃbandho nopa- 

padyate drśikriyādvayaprasaṅgāt darśanadvayaprasaṅgācca | adarśanamapi na paśyati darśanakriyā- 

rahitatvādaṅgulyagravadityabhiprāya: | yadā 

paśyati darśanaṃ naiva naiva paśyatyadarśanam | 

tadā 

darśanaṃ paśyatītyevaṃ kathametattu yujyate || 
ityanenaiva saṃbandha: || 

ye tu manyante-nirvyāpāraṃ hīdaṃ dharmamātramutpadyamānamutpadyate iti, naiva kiṃcit 

kaścidviṡayaṃ paśyati kriyāyā abhāvāt, tasmāddarśanaṃ na paśyatīti siddhametatprasādhyata 

@050

iti | atrocyate | yadi kriyā vyavahārāṅgabhūtā na syāt, tadā dharmamātramapi na syāt, 

kriyāvirahitatvāt khapuṡpavaditi kuta: kriyārahitaṃ dharmamātraṃ bhaviṡyati ? tasmādyadi 

vyavahārasatyaṃ dharmamātravat, kriyāpyabhyupagamyatām | atha tattvacintā, tadā kriyāvad 

dharmamātramapi nāstīti bhavatābhyupagamyatām | yathoktaṃ śatake- 

kriyāvān śāśvato nāsti nāsti sarvagate kriyā | 

niṡkriyo nāstinā{1. ##P## nāstitātulyo ##on the strength of T. though there is no need for emendation.##} tulyo nairātmyaṃ kiṃ n ate priyam || iti | 

(catu:śataka-10.17)

tasmānnāyaṃ vidhirbādhaka: parasya, nāpyasmākaṃ siddhasādhanadoṡa: || 

atrāha-naiva hi paśyatīti darśanamiti kartrsādhanamabhyupagamyate, kiṃ tarhi paśya- 

tyaneneti darśanamiti karaṇasādhanam, tataśca uktadoṡāprasaṅga: | yaścānena darśanena karaṇa- 

bhūtena paśyati, sa draṡṭā, eṡa ca vidyate vijñānamātmā vā, kartrsadbhāvācca darśanamapi 

siddhamiti | ucyate- 

vyākhyāto darśanenaiva draṡṭā cāpyupagamyatām ||5|| 

yathā svamātmānaṃ darśanaṃ hītyādinā dūṡaṇamuktam, evaṃ draṡṭurapi darśanavaddūṡaṇaṃ 

veditavyam | tadyathā- 

svamātmānaṃ naiva draṡṭā darśanena vipaśyati | 

na paśyati yadātmānaṃ kathaṃ drakṡyati tatparān || 

ityādi vācyam | tasmāddarśanavad draṡṭāpi nāstīti siddham ||5|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva draṡṭā tatkarmakaraṇasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti iti, na tasya 

karmakaraṇe vidyete tadyathā vandhyāsūno: | asti ca draṡṭu: karaṇaṃ darśanaṃ draṡṭavyaṃ ca karma | 

tasmācchettrvadvidyamānakarmakaraṇo vidyata eva draṡṭeti | ucyate | naiva hi draṡṭavyadarśane 

vidyete, tatkuto draṡṭā syāt ? draṡṭrsāpekṡe hi draṡṭavyadarśane | sa ca nirūttyamāṇa:- 

tiraskrtya draṡṭā nāstyatiraskrtya ca darśanam | 

iha draṡṭā nāma yadi kaścitsyāt, sa darśanasāpekṡo vā syānnirapekṡo vā | tatra 

yadi darśanasāpekṡo’tiraskrtya darśanamiṡyate, tadā siddhasya vā darśanāpekṡā syādasiddhasya 

vā | tatra siddho draṡṭā na hi darśanamapekṡate | kiṃ siddhasya sato draṡṭu: punardarśanāpekṡā 

kuryāt ? na hi siddhaṃ punarapi sādhyata iti | athāsiddho’pekṡeta, asiddhatvādvandhyāsuta- 

vaddarśanaṃ nāpekṡate | evaṃ tāvadatiraskrtya darśanamapekṡya draṡṭā nāsti | tiraskrtyāpi, 

darśananirapekṡatvāt ityuktaṃ prāk | tadevaṃ tiraskrtyātiraskrtya vā darśanaṃ yadā draṡṭā 

nāsti, tadā- 

@051

draṡṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ caiva draṡṭaryasati te kuta: ||6|| 

draṡṭaryasati nirhetuke draṡṭavyadarśane na saṃbhavata: iti kutastatsadbhāvād draṡṭā 

prasetsyati ? 

atrāha-vidyete eva draṡṭavyadarśane, tatkāryasadbhāvāt | tatra- 

pratītya mātāpitarau yathokta: putrasaṃbhava: | 

cakṡūrūpe pratītyaivamukto vijñānasaṃbhava: ||7|| 

iti draṡṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ ca pratītya vijñānamutpadyate | trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātātsāsravasparśa:, 

sparśasahajā vedanā, tatpratyayā trṡṇeti | evaṃ catvāryapi bhavāṅgāni draṡṭavyadarśanahetukāni 

vidyante | tasmātkāryasadbhāvād draṡṭavyadarśane vidyete iti ||7|| 

ucyate-syātāmete, yadi vijñānādicatuṡṭayameva syāt | yasmāt- 

draṡṭavyadarśanābhāvādvijñānādicatuṡṭayam | 

nāstīti 

iha draṡṭurabhāvād draṡṭavyadarśane api na sta ityuktam | ata: kuto vijñānādi- 

catuṡṭayaṃ vijñānasparśavedanātrṡṇākhyam ? tasmānna santi vijñānādīni || 

atrāha-santyevaitāni tatkāryasadbhāvāt | iha trṡṇāpratyayamupādānamityādinā 

upādānabhavajātijarāmaraṇādikaṃ vijñānādicatuṡṭayādutpadyate, tasmātsanti vijñānādīni 

tatkāryasadbhāvāt | ucyate | syurupādānādīni yadi vijñānādicatuṡṭayameva syāt | yadā 

tu draṡṭavyadarśanābhāvādvijñānādicatuṡṭayaṃ naivāsti, tadā- 

upādānādīni bhaviṡyanti puna: katham ||8|| 

na santyupādānādīnītyartha: ||8|| 

idānīṃ darśanavaccheṡāyatanavyākhyānātideśārthamāha- 

vyākhyātaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ rasanaṃ sparśanaṃ mana: | 

darśanenaiva jānīyācchrotrśrotavyakādi ca ||9|| 

iti || 

uktaṃ hi bhagavatā- 

na cakṡu: prekṡate rūpaṃ mano dharmānna vetti ca | 

etatta paramaṃ satyaṃ yatra loko na gāhate || 

sāmagryā darśanaṃ yatra prakāśayati nāyaka: | 

prāhopacārabhumiṃ tāṃ paramārthasya buddhimān ||iti|| 

@052

tathā- 

cakṡuśca pratītya rūpata:{1. ##T## rūpaṃ ca ##for## rūpata:.}cakṡuvijñānamihopajāyate | 

no cakṡuṡi rūpa niśritaṃ rūpasaṃkrānti na caiva cakṡuṡi || 

{2. ##Mss.## nairātmyasvabhāvāśra dharmi ye dharmi eteṡu rātmeti. 

##Our text is based on T.##}nairātmya’śubhāśca dharmime teṡvātmeti śubhāśca kalpitā: | 

viparītamasadvikalpitaṃ cakṡuvijñāna tato’pi jāyate || 

vijñānanirodhasaṃbhavaṃ{3. ##T## ^saṃbhavāt ##for## ^saṃbhavaṃ.} vijñānaupādavayaṃ vipaśyati | 

na kahiṃci gataṃ na cāgataṃ śūnya māyopama yogi paśyati || 

[lalitavistara-13.105-107] 

tathācāryopāliprcchāyām- 

sarva sayogi{4. ##Mss.## ^saṃyoge ##for## ^saṃyogi. ##Our text is based on this very quotation in XIV.##} tu paśyati cakṡustatra {5.##T seems to 

read :## yānyapi rūpāṇi cakṡuṡā drśyante, rātrau pratyayānāmabhāve na drśyante.} 

na paśyati pratyayahīnam | 

naiva ca cakṡu prapaśyati rūpaṃ tena sayogaviyogavikalpa: || 

ālokasamāśrita paśyati cakṡū rūpa manoramacitraviśiṡṭam | 

yena ca yogasamāśritacakṡustena na paśyati cakṡu kadāci || 

yo’pi ca śrūyati śabdu manojña: so’pi ca nāntari jātu praviṡṭa: | 

saṃkramaṇaṃ na ca labhyati tasya kalpavaśāttu {6. ##T## śabdānāmutpāda: ##for## samucchritu śabda:.}samucchritu śabda: ||iti|| 

tathā- 

gītaṃ na nrtyamapi vādyarūtaṃ na grāhyaṃ

svapnopamā hi ratayo’budhamohanāśca{7. ##T## mohanasya rateśca hetu: ##for## ratayo’budhamohanāśca.} |

saṃkalpalālasa gatā abudhā’tra nāśaṃ 

kiṃ kleśadāsa iva bālajano bhavāmi ||iti|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

cakṡurādīndriyaparīkṡā nāma trtīyaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@053

4

skandhaparīkṡā caturthaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yadyevaṃ cakṡurādīnīndriyāṇi na santi, na skandhā:, apratiṡedhāt | 

tadantargatāni cendriyāṇi, atastānyapi bhaviṡyantīti | ucyate | syureva, yadi skandhā: 

syu: | tatra rūpaskandhamadhikrtyāha- 

rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ na rūpamupalabhyate | 

rūpeṇāpi na nirmuktaṃ drśyate rūpakāraṇam ||1|| 

tatra rūpaṃ bhautikam | tasya kāraṇaṃ catvāri mahābhūtāni | tadvyatiriktaṃ prthagbhūtaṃ 

rūpaṃ rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṡṭavyākhyaṃ nopalabhyate ghaṭādiva paṭa: | rūpeṇāpi na nirmuktaṃ 

rūpātprthagbhūtaṃ rūpakāraṇamupalabhyate ||1|| 

tadetatpratijñādvayaṃ prasādhayitukāma āha- 

rūpakāraṇanirmukte rūte rūpaṃ prasajyate | 

ahetukaṃ, na cāstyartha: kaścidāhetuka: kvacit ||2|| 

yathā ghaṭādarthāntarabhūta: paṭo  na ghaṭahetuka:, evaṃ rūpakāraṇacaturmahābhūtavyatiriktaṃ 

bhautikaṃ rūpamiṡyamāṇaṃ na bhūtahetukaṃ syāt | na cāstyartha: kaścidāhetuka: kvacit | 

tasmādahetukatvadoṡaprasaṅgānna rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ rūpamabhyupetavyamiti ||2|| 

idānīṃ rūpeṇāpi vinirmuktaṃ yathā rūpakāraṇaṃ nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

rūpeṇa tu vinirmuktaṃ yadi syādrūpakāraṇam | 

yadi kāryarūpavinirmuktaṃ rūpakāraṇaṃ syāt, tadā, yathā ghaṭātkuṇḍaṃ prthaksiddhaṃ 

ghaṭahetukaṃ na bhavati, evaṃ kāryātprthagbhūtaṃ kāraṇamiṡyamāṇam- 

akāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ syāt 

nirhetukaṃ syāt | kāraṇasya hi kāraṇatve kāryapravrttirhetu:, kāryanirapekṡācca kāraṇāt 

prthaksiddhā nāsti kāryapravrtti: | yaccākāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ tannirhetukatvānnaroragaturagaviṡāṇa- 

vannāstyevetyāha- 

nāstyakāryaṃ ca kāraṇam ||3|| 

iti ||3||
atha cedaṃ rūpasya kāraṇamiṡyamāṇaṃ sati vā rūpe kāraṇatveneṡyate’sati vā ? 

ubhayathā ca nopapadyata ityāha- 

@054

rūpe satyeva rūpasya kāraṇaṃ nopapadyate | 

rūpe’satyeva rūpasya kāraṇaṃ nopapadyate ||4|| 

sati vā saṃvidyamāne rūpe kiṃ rūpakāraṇena prayojanam ? asati asaṃvidyamāne 

rūpe kiṃ rūpakāraṇena prayojanam, kasya vā tatkāraṇaṃ parikalpyate ? tasmādasatyapi rūpe 

rūpakāraṇaṃ nopapadyate ||4|| 

atha syāt-yadyapi evaṃ rūpakāraṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, tathāpi kāryaṃ rūpaṃ saṃvidyate, 

tatsadbhāvāt kāraṇamapi bhaviṡyatīti | syādevam, yadi kāryaṃ rūpaṃ syāt | na tvasti | 

yasmāt- 

niṡkāraṇaṃ{1. ##T. suggests## niṡkāraṇāni rūpāṇi ##for## niṡkāraṇaṃ punā rūpaṃ} punā rūpaṃ naiva naivopapadyate | 

rūpakāraṇaṃ yathā nāsti tathoktam | asati kāraṇe kuto nirhetukaṃ kāryaṃ rūpaṃ 

bhavet ? naiva naivetyanena sāvadhāraṇena pratiṡedhadvayena ahetukatvādasyātyaniṡṭatāṃ darśayati | 

yataścaivaṃ rūpaṃ sarvathā vicāryamāṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, 

tasmāt 

tattvadarśī yogī 

rūpagatān kāṃścinna vikalpān vikalpayet ||5|| 

sapratighāpratighasanidarśanānidarśanātītānāgatanīlapītādivikalpān rūpālamba- 

nānna kāṃścitparikalpayitumarhatītyartha: ||5|| 

api ca | idaṃ rūpakāraṇamiṡyamāṇaṃ sadrśaṃ kāryaṃ niṡpādayedasadrśaṃ vā ? ubhayathā 

ca nopapadyate ityāha- 

na kāraṇasya sadrśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate | 

na kāraṇasyāsadrśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate ||6|| 

tatra rūpakāraṇaṃ kaṭhinadravoṡṇataralasvabhāvam | bhautikaṃ tu cakṡurādhyātmikaṃ pañca- 

cakṡurvijñānādyāśrayakarūpaprasādātmakam | bāhyaṃ tu rūpādyāyatanādikaṃ cakṡurvijñānādigrāhya- 

lakṡaṇaṃ na mahābhūtasvabhāvamiti | ato bhinnalakṡaṇatvānnirvāṇavatkāryakāraṇayo: sādrśya- 

meva nāstīti 

na kāraṇasya sadrśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate | 

na cāpi sadrśānāṃ śālibījādīnāṃ parasparakāryakāraṇabhāvo drṡṭa:, ityata: 

na kāraṇasya sadrśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate | 

@055

tathāpi 

na kāraṇasyāsadrśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate | 

bhinnalakṡaṇatvānnirvāṇavadevetyabhiprāya: ||6|| 

yathā cedaṃ rūpaṃ vicāryamāṇaṃ sarvathā nopapadyate, evaṃ vedanādayo’pi, ityatidi- 

śannāha- 

vedanācittasaṃjñānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ ca sarvaśa: | 

sarveṡāmeva bhāvānāṃ rūpeṇaiva sama: krama: ||7|| 

vedanādikamapi sarvaṃ rūpavicāreṇaiva samaṃ yojyam | yathaiva hyekasya dharmasya śūnyatā 

 

pratipādayitumiṡṭā mādhyamikena, tathaiva sarvadharmāṇāmapīti ||7|| 

ata:- 

vigrahe ya: parīhāraṃ krte śūnyatayā vadet | 

sarvaṃ tasyāparihrtaṃ samaṃ sādhyena jāyate ||8|| 

tatra parapakṡadūṡaṇaṃ vigraha: | śūnyatayā karaṇabhūtayā rūpaṃ ni:svabhāvamityevaṃ sasva- 

bhāvavāde pratiṡiddhe, yati para: parihāraṃ brūyāt-vedanādayastāvatsanti, tadvadrūpamapya- 

stīti, tadetatsarvaṃ tasyāparihrtaṃ bhavati | yasmādvedanādīnāmapi sadbhāva: sādhyena rūpa- 

sadbhāvena samo veditavya: | yathā rūpaṃ svakāraṇāttattvānyatvena vicāryamāṇamasat, evaṃ 

sparśapratyayā vedanā, vijñānasahajā saṃjñā, avidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā:, saṃskārapratyayaṃ ca 

vijñānaṃ svakāraṇātsparśāde: tattvānyatvādinā vicāryamāṇaṃ nāstīti sarvametatsādhyasamaṃ 

bhavati | yathā vedanādaya: sādhyasamā:, evaṃ lakṡyalakṡaṇakāryakāraṇāvayavyavayavādayo’pi 

sarva eva padārthā: rūpeṇa sādhyena samā iti kuta: parasya parīhāra: saṃbhavet ? sarvaṃ 

vacanamasya sādhyasamaṃ bhavatīti sarvatra śāstre parīhāreṇa sādhyasamatvaṃ mādhyamikenā-

grāhaṇīyamityācārya: śikṡayati ||8|| 

yathā ca parapakṡadūṡaṇe vihito’yaṃ vidhi:, evaṃ vyākhyānakāle’pītyāha- 

vyākhyāne ya upālambhaṃ krte śūnyatayā vadet || 

sarvaṃ tasyānupālabdhaṃ samaṃ sādhyena jāyate ||9|| 

vyākhyānakāle’pi ya: śiṡyadeśīyaścodyamupālambhaṃ kuryāt, tasyāpi taccodya- 

mupālambhākhyaṃ pūrvavatsādhyasamaṃ veditavyam | yathoktam- 

bhāvasyaikasya yo draṡṭā draṡṭā sarvasya sa smrta: | 

ekasya śūnyatā yaiva saiva sarvasya śūnyatā || iti | 

[catu:śataka ?] 

@056

āryagaganagañjasamādhisūtre’pi- 

ekena dharmeṇa tu sarvadharmān 

anugacchate māyamarīcisādrśān | 

agrāhyatucchānalikānaśāśvatān 

so bodhimaṇḍaṃ nacireṇa gacchati ||iti|| 

samādhirājasūtre’pi- 

yatha trāta tayātmasaṃjña{1. ##Mss.## tvayā ātmasaṃjñā ##for## tayātmasaṃjña; ##Text## yatha jñātvātmasaṃjñā:.} tathaiva sarvatra peṡitā buddhi: | 

sarve ca tatsvabhāvā dharma viśuddhā gaganakalpā: || 

[samādhirājasūtra-12.7] 

ekena sarvaṃ jānāti sarvamekena paśyati | 

kiyadvahu pi bhāvetvā{2. ##Mss## bhāvayitvā na tasyopapadyate dama: ##for## bhāvetvā..mada:. ##Our text is supported by T. Text## bahuṃ pi bhāṡitvā,} na tasyotpadyate mada: ||iti| 

[samādhirājasūtra-11.4]

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

skandhaparīkṡā nāma caturthaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@057

5

dhātuparīkṡā pañcamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-dhātava: santi pratiṡedhābhāvāt | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-ṡaḍdhāturayaṃ 

mahārāja puruṡapudgala ityādi | tataśca pravacanapāṭhāddhātuvatskandhāyatanānyeva santīti | 

ucyate | syu: skandhāyatanāni yadi dhātava eva syu: | kathamityāha- 

nākāśaṃ vidyate kiṃcitpūrvamākāśalakṡaṇāt | 

alakṡaṇaṃ prasajyeta syātpūrvaṃ yadi lakṡaṇāt ||1|| 

tatra ṡaḍ dhātava uktā: prthivyaptejovāyvākāśavijñānākhyā: | tatrākāśamadhi- 

krtyocyate dūṡaṇaṃ svarūpanirūpaṇāt | ihākāśasyānāvaraṇaṃ lakṡaṇamucyate | yad 

yasmātpūrvamākāśamanāvaraṇalakṡaṇāllakṡyaṃ syāt, tatra lakṡaṇapravartanādanāvaraṇalakṡaṇātpūrvaṃ 

nākāśaṃ lakṡyarūpamiti | yadā caivam- 

nākāśaṃ vidyate kiṃcitpūrvamākāśalakṡaṇāt | 

alakṡaṇaṃ prasajyeta syātpūrvaṃ yadi lakṡaṇāt || 

tathāhi alakṡaṇaṃ pravartatām | tadabhāve khapuṡpavannāstyākāśamityāha- 

alakṡaṇo na kaścicca bhāva: saṃvidyate kvacit | 

iti | atrāha-lakṡaṇapravrttirlakṡye bhavet, tatsadbhāvāllakṡyamapyastīti | etadapi nāsti | 

yasmāt-

asatyalakṡaṇe bhāve kramatāṃ kuha lakṡaṇam ||2|| 

lakṡaṇātpūrvamalakṡaṇo bhāvo nāstītyuktam | tataśca asati asaṃvidyamāne alakṡaṇe 

lakṡaṇarahite bhāve kuha idānīṃ lakṡaṇaṃ pravartatāmiti nāsti lakṡaṇapravrtti: ||2|| 

api ca | idaṃ lakṡaṇaṃ pravartaṃmānaṃ salakṡaṇe vā pravarteta alakṡaṇe vā ? ubhayathā ca 

nopapadyata ityāha- 

nālakṡaṇe lakṡaṇasya pravrttirna salakṡaṇe | 

salakṡaṇālakṡaṇābhyāṃ nāpyanyatra pravartate ||3|| 

tatra alakṡaṇe kharaviṡāṇavanna lakṡaṇapravrtti: | salakṡaṇe’pi bhāve na lakṡaṇapravrtti- 

rupapadyate prayojanābhāvāt | kiṃ hi lakṡaṇavata: prasiddhasya bhāvasya punarlakṡaṇakrtyaṃ syāt? 

ityanavasthā atiprasaṅgaścaivaṃ{1. ##T## evamanavasthāprasaṅgo’pi syāt ##for## ati…syāt.} syāt | na hyasau kadācinna salakṡaṇa: syāditi sadaiva 

@058

lakṡaṇapravrtti: prasajyeta | na caitadiṡṭam | tasmātsalakṡaṇe’pi bhāve na lakṡaṇapravrttiru- 

papadyate prayojanābhāvāt | tatraivaṃ syāt-salakṡaṇālakṡaṇābhyāmanyatra pravartiṡyata 

iti | ucyate- 

salakṡaṇālakṡaṇābhyāṃ nāpyanyatra pravartate | 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? asadbhāvāt | yadi salakṡaṇo nālakṡaṇa:, athālakṡaṇo na salakṡaṇa | 

ata: salakṡaṇaśca alakṡaṇaśceti vipratiṡiddhametat | na ca vipratiṡiddhaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmāda- 

saṃbhavādeva salakṡaṇe cālakṡaṇe ca lakṡaṇapravrttirnopapadyate iti ||3|| 

athāpi syāt-yadyapi na lakṡaṇapravrtti:, tathāpi lakṡyamastīti | etadapi 

nāsti | yasmāt- 

lakṡaṇāsaṃpravrttau ca na lakṡyamupapadyate | 

yadā lakṡaṇapravrttireva nāsti tadā kathaṃ lakṡyaṃ syāt ? naiva saṃbhavatītyabhiprāya: | 

atrāha-lakṡaṇapravrttistvayā niṡiddhā na tu lakṡaṇam, tataśca vidyate lakṡyam, 

lakṡaṇasadbhāvāt | ucyate- 

lakṡyasyānupapattau ca lakṡaṇasyāpyasaṃbhava: ||4|| 

lakṡaṇāsaṃpravrttau ca na lakṡyamupapadyate iti pratipāditam | tadā 

lakṡyasyānupapattau ca lakṡaṇasyāpyasaṃbhava: | 

nirāśrayatvāt ||4|| 

yadā caivaṃ lakṡaṇaṃ nāsti, tadā lakṡaṇasadbhāvādvidyate lakṡyamiti yaduktaṃ tanna | 

yataścaitadevam- 

tasmānna vidyate lakṡyaṃ lakṡaṇaṃ naiva vidyate | 

iti nigamanam || 

atrāha-yadyapi lakṡyalakṡaṇe na sta:, tathā(pyā)kāśamasti, bhāvarūpaṃ ca bhavadā- 

kāśaṃ lakṡyaṃ lakṡaṇaṃ vā syāt | tasmāllakṡyalakṡaṇe api ṡṭa iti | etadapyayuktamityāha- 

lakṡyalakṡaṇanirmukto naiva bhāvo’pi vidyate ||5|| 

lakṡyalakṡaṇe yathā na sta:, tathoktaṃ prāk | yadā anayorabhāva:, tadā lakṡyalakṡaṇa- 

rahitatvādākāśakusumavannāstyākāśam ||5|| 

yadyākāśaṃ bhāvo na bhavati, abhāvastarhi astu ? etadapi nāsti | yasmāt- 

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṡyati | 

yadā ākāśaṃ bhāvo na bhavati, tadā bhāvasyāsattve kasyābhāva: kalpyatām ? 

vakṡyati hi- 

@059

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhirabhāvo naiva sidhyati | 

bhāvasya hyanyathābhāvamabhāvaṃ bruvate janā: ||iti| 

[ma^ śā^-15.5] 

tasmād bhāvābhāvādabhāvo’pyākāśaṃ na saṃbhavati | rūpābhāvaścākāśamiti 

vyavasthāpyate | yadyapi rūpaṃ syāttadā rūpābhāva ākāśamiti syāt | yadā ca yathoktena 

nyāyena rūpameva nāsti, tadā kasyābhāva ākāśaṃ syāt ? 

atrāha-vidyete eva bhāvābhāvau, tatparīkṡakasadbhāvāt | asti ca bhavān 

bhāvābhāvayo: parīkṡaka:, ya evāha- 

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṡyati | 

iti | tasmād bhavato bhāvābhāvaparīkṡakasya sadbhāvāt parīkṡyāvapi bhāvābhāvau 

vidyete iti | ucyate | etadapyayuktam | yasmāt- 

bhāvābhāvavidharmā ca bhāvābhāvamavaiti{1. ##Mss.## bhāvābhāvāvacca vetti ka: (?); ##T confirms our reading.##} ka: ||6|| 

syātāṃ bhāvābhāvau yadi, tadā tayo: parīkṡako bhāvo vā syādabhāvo vā | yadi 

bhāva iṡyate, tasya 

lakṡyalakṡaṇanirmukto naiva bhāvo’pi vidyate | 

ityuktaṃ dūṡaṇam | atha abhāva:, 

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṡyati | 

ityatroktametaddūṡaṇam | na ca bhāvābhāvavisadrśadharmā kaścit trtīya: padārtho’sti, 

yo’nayoravagamaka iti nāsti bhāvābhāvayo: parīkṡaka: | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

bhāvānabhāvāniti ya: prajānati 

sa sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate | 


ya: sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate 

sa ānimittaṃ bhajate samādhim ||iti| 

[samādhirājasūtra-38-11] 

tathā- 
yo’pi{2. ##T seems to read## ye’pi ##and## te’pi ##for## yo’pi ##and## so’pi.} 

ca cintayi śūnyakadharmān 

so’pi{2. ##T seems to read## ye’pi ##and## te’pi ##for## yo’pi ##and## so’pi.}kumārgapapannaku bāla: | 

akṡara kīrtita śūnyaka dharmā: 

te ca anakṡara akṡara uktā: || 

@060

śānta paśānta ya cintayi dharmān 

so’pi ca cinta{1. ##P## citta ##against Mss, which seem to read## cintu ##or## citta.} na jātu na bhūta: | 

cittavitarkaṇa sarvi papañcā: 

sūkṡma acintiya budhyatha dharmān || 

iti vistara: ||6|| 

idānīṃ pratipāditamarthaṃ niyamayannāha- 

tasmānnai bhāvo nābhāvo na lakṡyaṃ nāpi lakṡaṇam | 

ākāśam 

iti | yathā cākāśam, evam- 

ākāśasamā dhātava: pañca ye pare ||7|| 

grthivyādidhāvato ye pañca pare’vaśiṡyante, te’pi ākāśavad bhāvābhāvalakṡyalakṡaṇa- 

parikalpasvarūparahitā: parijñeyā ityartha: ||7|| 

tadevaṃ padārthānāṃ svabhāve vyavasthite avidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā anādi- 

saṃsārābhyastatayā bhāvābhāvādiviparītadarśanā nirvāṇānugāmyaviparītanai:svabhāvya- 

darśanasanmārgaparibhraṡṭā: 

astitvaṃ ye tu paśyanti nāstitvaṃ cālpabuddhaya: | 

bhāvānāṃ ten a paśyanti draṡṭavyopaśamaṃ śivam ||8|| 

draṡṭavyopaśamaṃ śivalakṡaṇaṃ sarvakalpanājālarahitaṃ jñānajñeyanivrttisvabhāvaṃ śivaṃ 

paramārthasvabhāvam | paramārthamajaramamaramaprapañcaṃ nirvāṇaṃ śūnyatāsvabhāvaṃ ten a paśyanti 
mandabuddhitayā astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ cābhiniviṡṭā: santa iti | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām- 
nāstiko durgatiṃ yāti sugatiṃ yātyanāstika: | 
yathābhūtaparijñānānmokṡamadvayaniśrita: ||iti||

āryasamādhirāje coktaṃ bhagavatā- 

astīti nāstīti ubhe’pi antā 

śuddhī aśuddhīti ime’pi antā | 

tasmādubhe anta vivarjayitvā 

madhye’pi sthānaṃ na karoti paṇḍita: || 

@061

 

astīti nāstīti vivāda eṡa: 

śuddhī aśuddhīti ayaṃ vivāda: | 

vivādaprāptyā{1. ##Mss.## vivādaprāptā ##for## ^prāptya; ##text## vivādaprāptāna.} na dukhaṃ praśāmyate{2. ##C## nirudhyate; praśāmyati ##for## praśāmyate.} 

avivādaprāptyā{3. ##Mss.## avivādaprāptā ##for## ^prāptyā; ##text## avivādaprāptāna.} ca dukhaṃ nirudhyate{4. ##C## smrterupasthānakathaṃ kathetvā ##for the line.##} || iti | 

[samādhirājasūtra-9. 26-28] 

tasmādasaṃbhava eva yatsāṃsārikeṇa mārgeṇa nirvāṇamadhigamyata iti ||8|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

dhātuparīkṡā nāma pañcamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@062

6 

rāgaraktaparīkṡā ṡaṡṭhaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyanta eva skandhāyatanadhātava: | kuta: ? tadāśrayasaṃkleśopalabdhe: | 

iha yannāsti, na tadāśrayasaṃkleśopalabdhirasti vandhyāduhituriva vandhyāsūno: | santi ca 

rāgādaya: kleśā: saṃkleśanibandhanam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-bālo bhikṡave aśrutavān 

prthagjana: prajñaptimanupatita: cakṡuṡā rūpāṇi drṡṭvā saumanasyasthānīyānyabhiniviśate | 

so’bhiniviṡṭa: san rāgamutpādayati | rakta: san rāgajaṃ dveṡajaṃ mohaja karmābhisaṃskaroti 

kāyena vācā manaseti vistara: | ucyate | syu: skandhāyatanadhātavo yadi rāgādaya eva 

kleśā: syu:{2. ##After## syu: ##T adds## na tu santi.} | ihāyaṃ rāga: parikalpyamāno bālaprthagjanai: sati rakte nare{3. ##T om.## nare.} parikalpyeta 

asati vā ? ubhayathā ca na yujyata ityāha- 

rāgādyadi bhavetpūrvaṃ rakto rāgatiraskrta: | 

taṃ pratītya bhavedrāgo rakte rāgo bhavetsati ||1|| 

tatra rāga: saktiradhyavasānaṃ saṅgo’bhiniveśa iti paryāyā: | rakto rāgāśraya: | sa 

yadi rakto rāgātpūrvaṃ rāgatiraskrto rāgarahito bhavet, tadā taṃ rāgatiraskrtaṃ raktaṃ 

pratītya rāgo bhavet | evaṃ sati rakte rāgo bhavediti yuktam | na tvevaṃ saṃbhavati, yadrāga- 

rahito rakta: syāt | arhatāmapi rāgaprasaṅgāt ||1|| 

yadyevaṃ sati rakte na rāga:, asati tarhi rakte rāgo’stu | etadapyayuktamityāha- 

rakte’sati punā rāga: kuta eva bhaviṡyati | 

yadā sati rakte rāgo nāsti, tadā kathamasati rakte nirāśrayo rāga: setsyati ? 

na hi asati phale tatpakvatā saṃbhavatīti || 

atrāha-yadyapi tvayā rāgo niṡiddha:, tathāpi rakto’sti, apratiṡedhāt | na ca 

rāgamantareṇa rakto yukta:, tasmādayamapyastīti | ucyate | syādrāgo yadi rakta: syāt{4. ##After## syāt, ##T adds## na tvasti.} | 

yasmādayaṃ rakta iṡyamāṇa: sati vā rāge parikalpyeta, asati vā ? ubhayathā ca 

nopapadyate ityāha- 

sati vāsati vā rāge rakte’pyeṡa sama: karma: ||2|| 

tatra yadi sati rāge rakta: parikalpyeta, tatrāpi eṡa eva rāgānupapattikramo’nanta- 

rokto rakte’pi tulya: | 

 

@063

raktādyadi bhavetpūrvaṃ rāgo raktatiraskrta: | 

ityādi | athāsati rāge rakta iṡyate, etadapyayuktam | yasmāt- 

rāge’sati punā rakta: kuta eva bhaviṡyati | 

iti | tasmādrakto’pi nāsti | rāgaraktābhāvācca skandhādayo’pi na santīti ||2|| 

atrāha-naiva hi rāgaraktayo: paurvāparyeṇa saṃbhavo yata idaṃ dūṡaṇaṃ syāt, kiṃ tarhi 

rāgaraktayo: sahaivodbhava: | cittasahabhūtena rāgeṇa hi cittaṃ rajyate, tacca raktamiti | ato 

vidyete eva rāgaraktāviti | ucyate | evamapi- 

sahaiva punarudbhūtirna yuktā rāgaraktayo: | 

sahotpādo’pi na yukto rāgaraktayo:| yasmāt- 

bhavetāṃ rāgaraktau hi nirapekṡau parasparam ||3|| 

sahabhāvāt savyetaragoviṡāṇavadityabhiprāya: ||3|| 

api ca | anayo rāgaraktayo: sahabhāva: ekatve parikalpyeta prthaktve vā ? tatra 

yadi ekatve, tanna yujyate | yasmāt 

naikatve sahabhāvo’sti 

kasmātpunarnāstītyāha- 

na tenaiva hi tatsaha | 

na hi rāgasvātmā rāgādavyatirikto rāgeṇa saheti vyapadiśyate || 

idānīṃ prthaktve’pi sahabhāvābhāvamāha- 

prthaktve sahabhāvo’tha kuta eva bhaviṡyati ||4|| 

na hi prthagbhūtayorālokāndhakārayo: saṃsāranirvāṇayorvā sahabhāvo drṡṭa iti ||4|| 

kiṃ cānyat- 

ekatve sahabhāvaścetsyātsahāyaṃ vināpi sa: | 

prthaktve sahabhāvaścetsyātsahāyaṃ vināpi sa: ||5|| 

yadi ekatve sahabhāva: syāt, tadā yatra yatraikatvaṃ tatra tatra sahabhāva ityekasyāpi 

sahabhāva: syāt | prthaktve’pi sahabhāve iṡyamāṇe yatra yatra prthaktvaṃ tatra tatra sahabhāva 

iti aśvādivyatiriktasya prthagavasthitasya go: asahāyasya sahabhāva: syāt ||5|| 

kiṃ ca- 

prthaktve sahabhāvaśca yadi kiṃ rāgaraktayo: | 

siddha: prthakprthagbhāva: sahabhāvo{1. ##Mss##} sahabhāvastatastayo: ##for## sahabhāvo yatastayo: ##which is confirmed by T and Com.##} yatastayo: ||6|| 

@064

prthaktve sahabhāvaśca rāgaṃraktayo: parikalpyate | kimanayo: siddha: prthakprthagbhāva: ? 

kiṃ rāganirapekṡo rakta: siddho yatastayo: sahabhāva: syāt ? prthakprthaksiddhayoreva hi 

gavāśvayo: sahabhāvo drṡṭa: | na tvevaṃ rāgaraktau drthakprthaksiddhāviti nāstyanayo: 

sahabhāva: ||6|| 

athavā | prthakprthagasiddhayorna sahabhāva iti krtvā- 

siddha: prthakprthagbhāvo yadi vā rāgaraktayo: | 

parikalpyate bhavatā, kimidānīṃ sahabhāvenākiṃcitkareṇa parikalpitenetyāha- 

sahabhāvaṃ kimarthaṃ tu parikalpayase tayo: ||7|| 

rāgaraktayo: siddhyarthaṃ sahabhāva: parikalpyate | sa ca prthakprthagasiddhayornāstīti 

prthakprthak siddhirabhyupagamyate tvayā | nanvevaṃ sati siddhatvātkimanayo: sahabhāvena 

krtyam ? 

atha- 

prthaṅ na sidhyatītyevaṃ sahabhāvaṃ vikāṅkṡasi | 

prthakprthag rāgaraktayo: siddhirnāstīti krtvā yadyanayo: sahabhāvamicchasi, sa ca 

prthakprthagasiddhayornāstīti- 

sahabhāvaprasiddhyarthaṃ prthaktvaṃ bhūya icchasi ||8|| 

nanvevaṃ sati itaretarāśrayāyāṃ siddhau sthitāyāṃ kasyedānīṃ siddhau satyāṃ kasya 

siddhirastu ? ||8|| 

yāvatā- 

prthagbhāvāprasiddheśca sahabhāvo na sidhyati | 

katamasmin prthagbhāve sahabhāvaṃ satīcchasi ||9|| 

nāstyeva sa prthagbhāva: sahabhāvānapekṡo yasmin prthagbhāve sati sahabhāvasiddhi: 

syādityasaṃbhāvayannāha{1. ##T## asaṃbhāvya ##for## asaṃbhāvayan.}-

katamasminprthagbhāve sahabhāvaṃ satīcchasi ||9|| 

tadevaṃ yathoditavicāraparāmarśena rāgaraktayorasiddhiṃ nigamayannāha- 

evaṃ raktena rāgasya siddhirna saha nāsaha | 

iti | yathā ca rāgaraktayorna paurvāparyeṇa siddhi: nāpi sahabhāvena, evaṃ sarvabhāvānāma- 

pītyatidiśannāha- 

rāgavatsarvadharmāṇāṃ siddhirna saha nāsaha ||10|| 

@065



iti dveṡadviṡṭamohamūḍhādināṃ {1. ##T## rāgaraktayo: siddhiryojyate ##for## rāgaraktavadasiddhiryojyate.} rāgaraktavadasiddhiryojyate ||10|| 

ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

yo rajyeta yatra vā rajyeta yena vā rajyeta, yo duṡyeta yatra vā duṡyeta yena vā 

duṡyeta, yo muhyeta yatra vā muhyeta yena vā muhyeta, sa taṃ dharma na samanupaśyati taṃ dharma 

nopalabhate | sa taṃ dharmamasamanupaśyannanupalabhamāno’rakto’duṡṭo’mūḍho’viparyastacitta: samā- 

hita ityucyate | tīrṇa: pāraga ityucyate | kṡemaprāpta ityucyate | abhayaprāpta ityucyate | 

yāvat kṡīṇāsrava ityucyate | ni:kleśo vaśībhūta: suvimuktacitta: suvimuktaprajña ājāneyo 

mahābhāga: krtakrtya: krtakaraṇīya: apahatabhāro’nuprāptasvakārtha: parikṡīṇabhavasaṃyojana: 

samyagājñāsuvimuktacitta: sarvacetovaśitāparamapāramiprāpta: śramaṇa ityucyate | iti 

vistara: || 

[samādhirājasūtra2. ##Our passage is abridged.##} -9] 
tathā- 

ye rāgadoṡamadamohasabhāva jñātvā 

saṃkalpahetujanitaṃ vitathapravrttam | 

na vikalpayanti na virāgamapīha teṡām 

[āśu] sarvabhavabhāvavibhāvitānām || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

rāgaraktaparīkṡā nāma ṡaṡṭhaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@066

7

saṃskrtaparīkṡā saptamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyanta eva saṃskrtasvabhāvā:, skandhāyatanadhātava: utpādādisaṃskrta- 

lakṡaṇasadbhāvāt | uktaṃ hi bhagavatā-trīṇīmāni saṃskrta{1. ##T om.## saṃskrta^.}lakṡaṇāni | saṃskrtasya bhikṡava: 

utpādo’pi prajñāyate, vyayo’pi, sthityanyathātvamapīti | na ca avidyamānasya kharaviṡāṇa- 

syeva jātyādilakṡaṇamasti | tasmātsaṃskrtalakṡaṇopadeśādvidyanta eva skandhāyatanadhātava: 

iti | ucyate | syu: skandhāyatanadhātava: saṃskrtasvabhāvāstāvakena matena, yadi jātyādi- 

lakṡaṇameva bhavet | ihāyamutpāda: saṃskrtalakṡaṇatveneṡyamāṇa: saṃskrto vā tallakṡaṇatveneṡyate, 

asaṃskrto vā ? tatra- 

yadi saṃskrta utpādastatra yuktā trilakṡaṇī | 

trayāṇāṃ lakṡaṇānāṃ samāhārastrilakṡaṇī | iyaṃ ca utpādasthitibhaṅgasamāhāra- 

svabhāvasarvasaṃskrtāvyabhicāriṇīti krtvā yadi utpāda: saṃskrta iti parikalpyate, tadā 

utpāde’pi trilakṡaṇī prasajyate | tataśca rūpādivallakṡyatva{2. ##Mss.## lakṡyate utpādasya ##for## lakṡyatvamutpādasya ##which is confirmed by T.##}mutpādasya syāt, na saṃskrta- 

lakṡaṇatvam | athotpāde’pi trilakṡaṇī neṡyate, tadā trilakṡaṇīrahitatvādākāśavat 

saṃskrtalakṡaṇatvamasyāvahīyate ityāha- 

athāsaṃskrta utpāda: kathaṃ saṃskrtalakṡaṇam ||1|| 

iti | naitatsaṃskrtalakṡaṇamityabhiprāya: ||1|| 

api ca | ime utpādādaya: saṃskrtasya lakṡaṇatvena parikalpyamānā vyastā vā 

prthagvā lakṡaṇatvena parikalpyeran, samastā vā sahabhūtā vā ? ubhayathā ca na yujyata 

ityāha- 

utpādādyāstrayo vyastā nālaṃ lakṡaṇakarmaṇi | 

saṃskrtasya samastā: syurekatra kathamekadā || 

tatra vyastā lakṡaṇakarmaṇi na yujyante | yadi utpādakāle sthitibhaṅgau na syātāṃ 

tadā sthitibhaṅgarahitasya ākāśasyeva saṃskrtalakṡaṇatvenānupapadya evotpāda: | atha 

sthitikāle utpādabhaṅgau na sta:, tadā tadrahitasya sthiti: syāt | utpādabhaṅgarahitaśca 

padārtho nāstyeveti na asyāvidyamānasya khapuṡpavat sthitiryujyate | kiṃ ca | sthiti- 

@067

yuktasya paścādanityatayāpi yogo na syāt, tadvirodhidharmākrāntatvāt | atha syāt- 

pūrvaṃ śāśvato bhūtvā paścādaśāśvata iti, na caikapadārtha: śāśvataścāśāśvataśca yukta iti 

notpādabhaṅgarahitasya sthiti: | tathā yadi bhaṅgakāle sthityutpādau na syātām, eva- 

mapyanutpannasya sthitirahitasya khapuṡpasya vināśo’pi nāstīti | evaṃ tāvadutpādādayo 

vyastā nālaṃ lakṡaṇakarmaṇi nālaṃ na paryāptā ityartha: || 

idānīṃ samastā api na yujyanta ityāha- 

samastā: syurekatra kathamekadā | 

ekatra padārthe, ekasmin kāle, parasparaviruddhatvādrāgavairāgyavat, ālokāndhakāra- 

vadvā na yujyanta ityabhiprāya: | yasminneva kṡaṇe padārtho jāyate, tasminneva tiṡṭhati 

vinaśyati ceti ka: sacetā: pratipadyeta ? tasmātsamastānāmapi utpādādīnāṃ saṃskrtasya 

lakṡaṇakarmaṇi nāsti sāmarthyam ||2|| 

atha yaduktaṃ `yadi saṃskrta utpāda:’ [7.1] ityādi, tena yadi utpādādīnāṃ 

trilakṡaṇī prāptā prasaktā, tata: ko doṡa: ? athāsaṃskrta:, evamapyadoṡa iti | ucyate- 

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmanyatsaṃskrtalakṡaṇam 

asti cedanavasthaivaṃ nāsti cette na saṃskrtā: ||3|| 

nanu ca pakṡadvaye’pi vihita eva doṡa:, tatra kiṃ punaruktābhidhāneneti | satyamukto 

doṡa:, sa khalu nācāryeṇa, kiṃ tarhi vrttikāreṇa | atha pūrvapratijñātameva dūṡaṇāntarā- 

bhidhānena spaṡṭīkaraṇārthaṃ punarācāryo’bhihitavān | yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmanya- 

dutpādādikaṃ saṃskrtalakṡaṇamiṡyate, tadā teṡāmapyanyat, teṡāmapyanyat, ityaparyavasānadoṡa: 

syāt | sati ca aparyavasānadoṡe, kiṃ pūrvaṃ syād yata uttarakālamaparaṃ bhavediti vyavasthā- 

bhāvādasaṃbhava eva utpādādīnāmityabhiprāya: | athavā, pūrvaṃ mukhyatvādutpādasyaiva dūṡaṇa- 

muktam, adhunā tu sāmānyeneti | nāsti cette na saṃskrtā iti gatārthametat ||3|| 

atrāhu: sāṃmitīyā:-santi cotpādādīnāmutpādādaya:, na ca anavasthāprasaṅga:, 

lakṡaṇānulakṡaṇānāṃ parasparaniṡpādakatvāt | yasmādiha saṃskrtadharma: kuśala: kliṡṭo vā 

utpadyamāna: ātmanā pañcadaśa: utpadyate{1. ##P## utpadyante ##for## utpadyate.} | sa dharmastasya cotpāda: samanvāgama: sthitirjarā 

anityatā | yadyasau dharma kliṡṭo bhavati, tasya mithyāvimukti: | atha śubha:, tasya 

samyagvimukti: | yadi nairyāṇiko bhavati, tasya nairyāṇikatā | atha anairyāṇika:, tasya 

anairyāṇikatā | ityeṡa parivāra: | idānīmutpādasyāpara utpāda: yāvadanairyāṇikatā- 

nairyāṇikatetyeṡa parivārasya parivāra: | tatra yo’yaṃ maula utpāda: sa ātmānaṃ vihāya{2. ##Mss.## viharasyonyān ##for## vihāya anyān ##which is confirmed by T.##} 

@068

anyāṃścaturdaśa dharmān janayati | utpādotpādasaṃjñakastu anulakṡaṇabhūta utpādo maula- 

mevotpādaṃ janayati | evaṃ yāvadanairyāṇikatā caturdaśa dharmān na niryāṇayati, na tannirvāṇaṃ 

prāpayatītyartha: | anairyāṇikatānairyāṇikatā tu na{1. ##Mss. and P## prāpayati anairyāṇikatāmanairyāṇikatāmeveti. ##Our text is supported by T.##} niryāṇayati | tadevamutpādādīnāmana- 

vasthāṃ pariharannāha- 

utpādotpāda utpādo mūlotpādasya kevalam | 

utpādotpādamutpādo molo janayate puna: ||4|| 

dvividho hyutpāda: | eko maula utpāda:, aparaśca utpādotpādasaṃjñaka:, utpāda- 

syotpāda iti krtvā | tatra yo’yamutpādotpādasaṃjñaka utpāda:, sa mūlotpādasya kevala- 

mutpādaka: | taṃ cedānīmutpādotpādākhyamutpādaṃ maula utpādo janayati | tadevaṃ paraspara- 

nirvartanādasti ca trilakṡaṇī utpādādīnām, na cānavasthāprasaṅga iti ||4|| 

atrocyate- 

utpādotpāda utpādo mūlotpādasya te yadi | 

maulenājanitastaṃ te sa kathaṃ janayiṡyati ||5|| 

yadi tava utpādasyotpādo mūlotpādasya janaka iti matam, sa kathamidānīṃ 

maulenotpādenānutpādita: san utpādotpādo maulaṃ janayiṡyati ? ||5|| 

atha manyase-utpādita eva maulenotpādena utpādotpādo maulaṃ janayiṡyati, 

etadapyasadityāha- 

sa te maulena janitor maulaṃ janayate yadi | 

maula: sa tenājanitastamutpādayate katham ||6|| 

sa utpādotpādasaṃjñaka utpādo maulena janitor yadi maulaṃ janayati, sa maula 

utpādotpādenājanito’vidyamāna: kathamutpādotpādaṃ janayiṡyati ? tasmānmaulena janita: 

san utpādotpādo maulaṃ janayatīti na yujyate | tataśca parasparanirvartyanirvartakatvābhāvātsa 

eva anavasthāprasaṅga iti nāstyutpāda: ||6|| 

atrāha-utpadyamāna eva mūlotpāda utpādotpādamutpādayati, sa evotpādotpādo 

mūlotpādaṃ janayiṡyatīti | ucyate- 

ayamutpadyamānaste kāmamutpādayedimam | 

yadīmamutpādayitumajāta: śaknuyādayam ||7|| 

@069



kāmamayaṃ mūlotpāda utpadyamāna utpādayedutpādam, yadyayameva ajāta: śaknuyāda- 

paramajātamutpādayitum | utpadyamāno hi nāma anāgata: | sa ca ajāta: kathamutpā- 

dayiṡyatīti na yuktamevaitadityabhiprāya: | evamutpādotpāde’pi vācyam ||7||

atrāha-naiva hi utpādasyāpara{1. ##Mss.## utpādasyāya ca ##for## utpādasyāpara ##which is confirmed by T.##} utpādo’sti yato’navasthāprasaṅga: syāt | 

kiṃ tarhi- 

pradīpa: svaparātmānau saṃprakāśayitā{2. ##Mss.## saṃprakaśayitu ##for## saṃprakāśayitā.} yathā | 

utpāda: svaparātmānāvubhāvutpādayettathā ||8|| 

yathā pradīpa: prakāśasvabhāvatvādātmānaṃ prakāśayati 

ghaṭādīṃśca, evamutpādo’pyutpāda- 

svabhāvatvādātmānamutpādayiṡyati paraṃ ceti ||8|| 

ucyate | syādetadevaṃ yadi pradīpa: svaparātmānau saṃprakāśayet | na caivam | 

yasmāt- 

pradope nāndhakāro’sti yatra cāsau pratiṡṭhita: | 

kiṃ prakāśayati dīpa: prakāśo hi tamovadha: ||9|| 

iha prakāśo nāma tamasya(so ?)vadha: | tamaśca pradīpasvātmani tāvanna saṃbhavati, 

virodhāt, yattamo nidhnata: svātmaprakāśatvaṃ syāt | na cāpi pradīpo yatra deśe tiṡṭhati 

tatra tamo’sti yattamo nidhnata: pradīpasya paraprakāśakatvaṃ syāt | ato’pi nāsti 

pradīpasya svaparātmaprakāśakatvam | yadā caivam, tadā pradīpavadutpādasya svaparātmotpāda- 

katvaṃ na saṃbhaviṡyati, iti ayuktametat ||9|| 

atrāha-yadetaduktaṃ pradīpe nāndhakāro’stīti, etadasatyandhakāraghāte yuktameva 

vaktum | yasmāttu utpadyamānenaiva pradīpena tamo nihatam, tatra pradīpe nāndhakāro’sti, 

yatra ca pradīpo’sti, tatrāpyandhakāro nāstīti yujyate | yadi pradīpena nāndhakāraghāta: 

krta:, tadā anutpanne iva pradīpe utpanne’pi ghaṭādayo nopalabhyeran, andhakāraghātā- 

bhāvātprāgavasthāmiva | tasmādastyeva andhakāraghātalakṡaṇaṃ prakāśanaṃ pradīpasya | taccānena 

utpadyamānena pradīpena krtamiti | ucyate- 

kathamutpadyamānena pradīpena tamo hatam | 

notpadyamāno hi tama: pradīpa: prāpnute yadā ||10|| 

iha ālokāndhakārayoryaugapadyābhāvāt prāpterabhāva: | yadā caivaṃ prāpterabhāva:, tadā 

kathaṃ kena prakāreṇedānīmutpadyamānena pradīpena tamo hatamiti yuktaṃ parikalpayitum ? 

@070

yasmācca evamutpadyamāna: pradīpa: tamo na prāpnoti, tasmānnaiva aprāptatvātpradīpa: kiṃci- 

dapi prakāśayatītyavasīyatām ||10|| 

atha manyase-yathā aprāptāmeva avidyāṃ jñānaṃ nihanti, aprāptameva rūpaṃ cakṡu: 

paśyati, aprāptameva aya: ayaskānto maṇirākarṡati, evameva aprāptamevāndhakāraṃ pradīpo 

nihaniṡyatīti | etadapyasāramityāha- 

aprāpyaiva pradīpena yadi vā nihataṃ tama: | 

ihastha: sarvalokasthaṃ sa tamo nihaniṡyati ||11|| 

yadi aprāpyaiva pradīpena tamo nihatam, evaṃ sati, ihastha eva pradīpa: sarvalokasthaṃ 

tamo nihaniṡyati, aprāptatvātsamīpasthamivetyabhiprāya: | etena nyāyena jñānena avidyā- 

ghāta:, cakṡuṡā rūpadarśanam, ayaskāntamaṇinā aya ākarṡaṇamiva ityevamādikaṃ 

sādhyasamaṃ jñeyam || 

atha aprāptāvapi  satyāmayaskāntamaṇiprabhrtīnāṃ yogyadeśāvasthānāmeva svakāryakrttvaṃ 

debhaviṡyatīti cet, tadapi na yuktam | aprāptau hi satyāṃ viprakrṡṭadeśāntarāvasthita- 

vada{1. ##Mss. seem to om.## vat, ##but it is confirmed by T.##}vyavahitaśāntarāvasthitavacca aprāptatvād yogyadeśāvasthitānāmapi yogyadeśāvasthi- 
tatvaṃ na yuktamiti kuto yogyadeśāvasthitānāṃ{2. ##T## ^vasthitadvāreṇā#for## vasthitānāṃ.} svakāryakrttvaṃ prasetsyati ? 

drṡṭametallokata iti cennaitadevam | yathā hi bhavān parikalpayati na tathā loke 

drṡṭam | yasmāt na loka: prāptyaprāpticintā{3. ##Mss.## prāpta: prāptaye cintāṃ ##for## prāptyaprāpticintām.}mevamādau viṡaye’vatārya pradīpādīnāṃ prakāśa- 

katvādikaṃ kalpayati | yathoditaṃ tu vicāramanavatārya pradīpena tamo hatam, cakṡuṡā 

rūpadarśanam, ayaskāntamaṇinā aya ākarṡaṇam ityādi icchati | paśyatu vā loka evam | 

tattvavicārakāle tu lokasyāprāmāṇyānna tena bādhā śakyate kartum | evaṃ tāvadaprāpya 

prakāśanamayuktam | prāptāvapi viṡayādigrahaṇamayuktameva | prāptirhi ekatve sati bhavati | 

yadā caikatvaṃ tadā svarūpavadda{4. ##Paris Mss. seems to om.## vat.}rśanākarṡaṇādikaṃ nāsti || 

yadyapi ceyaṃ prāptyaprāptyādicintā laukikavyavahāre nāvataratīti nirupapatti- 

katvena mrṡārthatvādasya, tathāpi tattvavicāre’vatāryā, mā bhūtparamārthato’pi nirupapattika- 

pakṡābhyupagama ityalaṃ prasaṅgena ||11|| 

yadi ca svaparātmānau pradīpa: prakāśayatīti parikalpyate tvayā, tamaso’pi 

tarhi pratipakṡabhūtasya svaparātmano: pracchādanaṃ prakalpyatāmityāha- 

@071

pradīpa: svaparātmānau saṃprakāśayate yadi | 

tamo’pi svaparātmānau chādayiṡyatyasaṃśayam ||12|| 

pratidvandvitvātpradīpavat tamo’pi svaparātmagataṃ vyāpāraṃ kariṡyati, tataśca 

paravadātmānamapi cchādayiṡyati | yadi ca ātmānaṃ chādayettama:, tasyaivānupalabdhi: 

syāt, ghaṭādivattamasā pracchāditatvāt | ata evoktamāryopāliprcchāyām- 

iha sāsani sūramaṇīye 

pravrajathā{1. ##pravrayathā ##for## pravrajathā ##elsewhere.##} grhiliṅga jahitvā | 

phalavantu{2. ##Mss.## balavantu; ##T. supports our reading.##} 

bhaviṡyatha śreṡṭhā{3. seṭṭhā ##for## śreṡṭhā ##for metrical reasons.##}

eṡu nideśitu kāruṇikena || 

pravrajitvā grhiliṅga jahitvā 

{4. ##Mss.## satyaphalasya ##for## sarvaphalasya; ##our reading is supported by T.##} sarvaphalasya bhaviṡyati prāpti: | 
puna dharmasabhāva tulitvā 

sarvaphalāna phalāna ca prāpti: || 

alabhanta phalaṃ tatha prāptiṃ 

āścariyaṃ puna jāyati teṡām | 

{5. ##T## hā bata ##for## aho’ti^.}aho’tikāruṇiko narasiṃho 

suṡṭhupadeśita yukti jinena || iti || 

tathāryaratnakūṭasūtre- 

yathā hi dīpo layane{6. ##T om.## layane.} cirasya 

krto hi gehe puruṡeṇa kenacit | 

tatrāndhakārasya na bhoti evaṃ 

cirasthito nāhamito gamiṡye || 

tamondhakārasya na śaktirasti 

krte pradīpe na vigacchanāya | 

pratītya dīpaṃ ca vinaśyate tama{7. ##P## tamo bhayaṃ ##against Mss.##} 

ubhayaṃ pi śūnyaṃ na ca kiṃ ca manyati || 

@072

jñānaṃ tathā ārya pratītya nāsravaṃ 

ajñāna kleśopacitaṃ vigacchati | 

saṃparka teṡāṃ na kadāci vidyate 

jñānasya kleśasya ca nityakālam || 

jñānaṃ na kalpeti añānu no bhavet 

jñānaṃ pratītyaiva vinaśyate tamo | 

bhayaṃ pi agrāhya khapuṡpasaṃnibhaṃ 

jñānaṃ tathājñānu bhayaṃ pi śūnyam || iti || 12 || 

kiṃ cānyat-ihāyamutpādo yadyātmānamutpādayet, sa utpanno vā svātmāna- 

mutpādayet, anutpanno vā ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha- 

anutpanno’yamutpāda: svātmānaṃ janayetkatham | 

athotpanno janayate jāte kiṃ janyate puna: ||13|| 

yadi anutpanna utpāda: svātmānamutpādayet, {1. ##Mss. seem to read sometime## muṇḍakā#for## maṇḍuka.##compare## kūrmaroma ##with## maṇḍūkajaṭā.} maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇirapyātmāna- 

mutpādayet | atha utpanna utpādayet, kimutpannasyāpareṇotpādena prayojanamiti | evaṃ 

tāvadutpāda ātmānaṃ notpādayati ||13|| 

idānīṃ paramapi yathā notpādayati tathā pratipādayannāha- 

notpadyamānaṃ notpannaṃ nānutpannaṃ kathaṃcana | 

utpadyate tathākhyātaṃ gamyamānagatāgatai: ||14|| 

yadi hi kiṃcidutpadyeta tadutpāda utpādayet | na tu kiṃcidutpadyate’dhvatraye’pyu- 

tpādāsaṃbhavāt | etacca gamyamānagatāgatai: prāgevoktam | tatra yathā gataṃ na gamyate, atīta- 

vartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpyagataṃ gamyate, anāgatavartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpi gamyamānaṃ 

gamyate, gatāgatavyatiriktagamyamānānupalambhādityuktam | evamutpadyamāno bhāvo notpadyate, 

utpannānutpannavyatirekeṇotpadyamānābhāvāt | utpanno’pi notpadyate, atītavartamānayo- 

rvirodhāt | utpanna ityuparatotpattikriya ucyate, utpadyata iti vartamānakriyāviṡṭa: | 

tataśca utpanna utpadyate ityucyamāne atītavartamānayorekakālatā syāt | anutpanno’pi 

notpadyate, anāgatavartamānayorvirodhāt | tasmādutpāda: paramutpādayatīti na yuktam ||14|| 

atrāha-utpadyamānamevotpadyate notpannaṃ nāpyanutpannamiti | atha manyase- 

utpannānutpannavyatirekeṇa utpadyamānāsaṃbhavānnotpadyamānamutpadyata iti, etacca nāsti, 

@073

yasmādiha utpattikriyāyuktamutpadyamānamiti vyapadiśyate | tasmādutpattau satyāmutpattiṃ 

pratītya utpadyamānasiddhe: utpadyamānamevotpadyate, taccotpadyamānamutpāda utpādayatīti | 

ucyate- 

utpadyamānamutpattāvidaṃ na kramate yadā | 

kathamutdyamānaṃ tu pratītyotpattimucyate ||15|| 

yaduktam-utpattiṃ pratītya utpadyamānaṃ bhavati, taccotpadyata iti | nanu viśeṡata 

etadvaktavyaṃ syāt-asyotpattiṃ pratītya idaṃ nāmotpadyamānaṃ bhavatīti | na caivamucyate | 

na hi tadutpadyamānaṃ viśeṡato nirdhārayituṃ śakyate idaṃ tadutpadyamānamiti, anutpannatvātta- 

nnimittagrahaṇata: | tataśca utpadyamānāsaṃbhavādutpattikriyāpi nāstīti | kathamasatyā- 

mutpattau tāṃ pratītya utpadyamānaṃ syāt ? tasmādutpadyamānamutpadyate, tacca utpāda utpāda- 

yatītyayuktam ||15|| 

atrāha-aho bata ahamatīva bhavato drṡṭādrṡṭapadārthanirapekṡādatyantanāstikā- 

dbibhemi, yo hi nāma bhavāṃstathāgatapravacanavyākhyānavyājena dūṡaṇamātrakauśalamevātmana: 

prakaṭayan paramarṡigaditamidaṃpratyayatāpratītyasamutpādalakṡaṇaṃ paramārthasatyaṃ tathāgatānāṃ 

nihanti | iha bhagavatā tathāgatena prakrtīśvarasvabhāvakālāṇu{1. ##T## ^aṇunārāyaṇādi^ ##for## aṇunārāyaṇajaiminikaṇādakapilādi^.} nārāyaṇajaiminikaṇāda- 

kapilāditīrthakarakartrvādanirāsena sarvabhāvānāṃ tattvamādarśitam, yaduta asmin sati 

idaṃ bhavati, asyotpādādidamutpadyate, yaduta avidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā: ityādyaviparītaṃ 

pratītyasamutpādaṃ prakaṭayatā | tasya ca tvayā notpadyamānaṃ notpanna nānutpannamityādinā 

dūṡaṇaṃ vidadhatā tathāgatajananyā: pratītyasamutpattimāturvadha evācarita ityalaṃ{2. ##T## alaṃ tvayā sārdha vivādena ##for## alaṃ bhavatā sarvanāstikena tvayā.##} bhavatā 

sarvanāstikena tvayeti | ucyate | nāhaṃ sakaladaśabalajananīṃ pratītyasamutpattimātaraṃ 

nihanmi | bhavāneva tu paramagambhīrapratītyasamutpādādhimuktivirahādviparītaṃ tadarthamavadhārya 

asmākameva adhilayaṃ{3. ##Mss.## adhiraye ##or## adhirepaṃ ##for## adhilayaṃ.} karoti | nanu ca idaṃ pratītyedaṃ bhavatītyevamabhidhānena bhagavatā 

tathāgatena ni:svabhāvatvameva sarvadharmāṇāṃ spaṡṭamāveditam | yasmāt- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati tattacchāntaṃ svabhāvata: | 

yo hi padārtho vidyamāna: sa sasvabhāva: svenātmanā svaṃ svabhāvamanapāyinaṃ 

bibharti | sa saṃvidyamānatvānnaivānyatkiṃcidapekṡate, nāpyutpadyate, iti krtvā sasvabhāva- 

bhāvābhyupagame sati kuta: pratītyasamutpāda iti bhavataiva sasvabhāvatāṃ bhāvānāmabhyupa- 

@074

gacchatā sarvathā pratītyasamutpāda eva bādhito bhavati | tataśca parama{1. ##T om.## parama^.}dharmabuddhadarśanamapi 

bādhitaṃ bhavati-ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyati sa dharmaṃ paśyati, yo dharma paśyati sa buddhaṃ 

paśyatītyāgamāt | mayā tu yatpratītya bījākhyaṃ kāraṇaṃ yadbhavatyaṅkurākhyaṃ kāryam, tacca 

ubhayamapi śāntaṃ svabhāvavirahitaṃ pratītyasamutpannaṃ pratipādayatā sarvathā bhagavatāṃ tathā- 

gatānāṃ pratītyasamutpattimātā dyotitā bhavati | yata evam- 

tasmādutpadyamānaṃ ca śāntamutpattireva ca ||16|| 

iti sphuṭamavasīyatām ||16|| 

atrāha-yaduktam- 

utpadyamānamutpattāvidaṃ na kramate yadā | 

kathamutpadyamānaṃ tu pratītyotpattimucyate || 

iti, tadayuktam | yasmādidamutpadyamānamityeva saṃbhavati | tathā hi ghaṭotpattiṃ pratītya- 

ghaṭa utpadyamāno bhavati, taṃ ca utpadyamānamutpāda utpādayatītyucyate | etadapyayuktam | 

yasmāt- 

yadi kaścidanutpanno bhāva: saṃvidyate kvacit | 

utpadyeta sa kiṃ tasmin bhāva utpadyate’sati ||17|| 

yadi kaścidanutpanna: utpādātpūrvaṃ ghaṭo nāma kvacitsaṃvidyeta, sa utpattikriyāṃ 

pratītyotpadyeta | na caivaṃ kaścidutpādātpūrvaṃ kvacidasti | tasminnasati ghaṭe kimutpadyate ? 

atha syāt-yadyutpādātpūrvaṃ ghaṭo nāsti, tathāpi utpanna: san ghaṭasaṃjñāṃ prati- 

lapsyate, tadbhāvinyā saṃjñayā na doṡa iti | etadapyayuktam | yadi hi utpattikriyā 

pravarteta, tadā vartamānībhūto bhāvo ghaṭākhyāṃ pratilabheta | yadā tu anāgatabhāvāsaṃbandhena 

kriyāyā apravrtti:, tadā kuto vartamānatā ? atha aghaṭāśrayeṇa{2. ghaṭāśrayeṇa ##for## aghaṭāśrayeṇa ##which is confirmed by T.##} kriyā prārabhyeta, tadvakta- 

vyam-yo’sau aghaṭa:, sa kiṃ bhavitumarhati paṭa:, uta naiva kiṃcit ? yadi paṭa utpadya- 

māna: sa kathamutpanna: san ghaṭo bhaviṡyatīti | atha naivaṃ kiṃcit, kathaṃ tadāśrayā kriyā 

kriyā pravartate ? kathaṃ vā sa utpanna: san ghaṭo bhavet ? iti sarvathā bhāvitatvakalpanāpya- 

yuktā | tasmādutpadyamānamapyutpādo notpādayatīti siddham ||17|| 

api ca | evaṃ na yujyamānāyāmapyutpadyamānasyotpattau bhavato matamabhyupetyocyate- 

utpadyamānamutpādo yadi cotpādayatyayam | 

utpādayettamutpādamutpāda: katama: puna: ||18|| 

@075

yadyapi utpadyamānaṃ padārthamutpāda utpādayedbhavanmatena, idaṃ tu vaktavyam- 

tamidānīmutpāda: katamo’para: utpādamutpādayiṡyatīti ||18|| 

atha syāt-utpādasyāpara utpāda: utpādaka: parikalpyeta, tadā anavasthā- 

doṡaprasaṅga ityāha- 

anya utpādatyenaṃ yadyutpādo’navasthiti: | 
etaccoktam | atha nāsyāpara utpāda iṡyate, nanvevaṃ sati vinā utpādena utpāda

utpadyate ityevaṃ prāpnoti | tataśca utpādotpādyānāmapi padārthānāṃ vinauvotpādena utpatti- 

rastu bhāktvādutpādavaditi pratipādayannāha- 

athānutpāda utpanna: sarvamutpadyate tathā ||19|| 

iti ||19|| 

api ca | utpāda ātmānaṃ parāṃścotpādayatītyatra pakṡe dūṡaṇameva na vaktavyamadhu- 

nāsmābhi: | yasmādatra pakṡe dūṡaṇam- 

sataśca tāvadutpattirasataśca na yujyate | 

na sataścāsataśceti pūrvamevopapāditam ||20|| 

naivāsato naiva sata: pratyayo’rthasya yujyate | 

iti 
na sannāsanna sadasan dharmo nirvartate yadā{1. ##Mss.## sadā ##for## yadā,} | 

ityādinā utpādo niṡiddha eva pūrvam | tataścaivamutpāde niṡiddhe utpadyamāna- 

mutpāda utpādayati, svaparātmānau vā utpādayatītyasyā: kalpanāyā nāstyevāvatāra 

iti kuta etatprasetsyati-utpāda utpadyate, utpadyamānamutpadyate, svaparātmānau 

cotpādayatīti ||20|| 

kiṃ cānyat-ihāyamutpāda: parikalpyamāna: nirudhyamānasya anityatānugatasya 

vartamānasya vā bhāvasya parikalpyate, anirudhyamānasya vā atītānāgatasyānityatā- 

virahitasya ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha- 

nirudhyamānasyotpattirna bhāvasyopapadyate | 

yaścānirudhyamānastu sa bhāvo nopapadyate ||21|| 

tatra nirudhyamānasya vartamānasya vidyamānatvādutpādo nopapadyate | anirudhyamāna- 

syāpi vināśarahitasya atītānāgatasya bhāvalakṡaṇavilakṡaṇasya khapuṡpasyeva nāstyutpāda 

iti ||21|| 

@076

evaṃ bhāvānāmutpādābhāvaṃ pratipādya ata:paraṃ sthitirvicāryate || 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhāvānāmutpāda:, tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvāt | nānutpannasya 

sthiti: saṃbhavatītyutpādabhāvena sthiterbhāvāt | sthitirutpādabhāvabhāvinī bhavati | 

tasmādutpādo’pyasti,{1. ##Mss.## utpādo’pyasthitabhāva^ ##for## utpādo’pyasti, tadbhāva^. ##T, seems to add 

after## asti, tasmin sati sato dharmasya sattvāt ##as an explanation of## tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvāt.} 

tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tadbhāvabhāvidharma- 

sadbhāva:, tadyathā gaganakusumasaurabhyasyeti | ucyate | syādutpāda:, yadi tadbhāvabhāvinī 

sthitireva syāt | na tvasti | tadevam- 

na sthitabhāvastiṡṭhatyasthitabhāvo na tiṡṭhati | 

na tiṡṭhati tiṡṭhamāna: ko’nutpannaśca tiṡṭhati ||22|| 

tatra sthitaṃ na tiṡṭhati tatra sthitikriyānirodhāt | asthitabhāvo’pi na tiṡṭhati 

sthitirahitatvāt | tiṡṭhamānamapi na tiṡṭhati sthitidvayaprasaṅgāt, sthitāsthitavyati- 

riktasaṃtiṡṭhamānābhāvācca | api ca | 

ko’nutpannaśca tiṡṭhati | 

ihotpādapratiṡedhātko’sāvanutpanna: padārtho yastiṡṭhediti sarvathā nāsti sthiti: ||22|| 

api ca | iyaṃ sthitirnirudhyamānasya bhāvasya, syādanirudhyamānasya vā ? ubhayathā 

ca na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha- 

sthitirnirudhyamānasya na bhāvasyopapadyate | 

yaścānirudhyamānastu sa bhāvo nopapadyate ||23|| 

nirudhyamānasya nirodhābhimukhasya tāvadbhāvasya virodhinī sthitirna saṃbhavati | 

yaścāpyanirudhyamāna: sa bhāva eva na bhavati, kutastasya sthitirbhaviṡyati ||23|| 

api ca | jarasā maraṇena ca sarva eva bhāvā: kṡaṇamapi na tyajyante | yadā 

caitadevam, tadā jarāmaraṇavirodhinyā: sthiterbhāveṡu pravrttyavakāśa eva nāstīti prati- 

pādayannāha- 

jarāmaraṇadharmeṡu sarvabhāveṡu sarvadā | 

tiṡṭhanti katame bhāvā ye jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā ||24|| 

ke hi nāma jarāmaraṇarahitā bhāvā yeṡāṃ sthiti: syāt ? tasmānnāstyeva 

sthitirityabhiprāya: ||24|| 

@077
yadi ca, asyā: sthiteranyā vā sthiti: sthityarthaṃ parikalpyeta, svayaṃ vā 

svātmānaṃ sthāpayet | ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha- 

sthityānyayā sthite: sthānaṃ tayaiva ca na yujyate | 

utpādasya yathotpādo nātmanā na parātmanā ||25|| 

`anutpanno’yamutpāda: svātmānaṃ janayetkatham |’ (7.13) ityādinā yathā utpāda 

ātmānaṃ na janayati ityuktam, evaṃ sthitirapi nātmānaṃ sthāpayatīti vaktavyam | 

asthitā sthitireṡā cetsvātmānaṃ sthāpayetkatham | 

sthitā cetsthāpayatyeṡā sthitāyāṃ sthāpyate’tha kim || 

iti yojyam | yathā ca- 

anya utpādayatyenaṃ yadyutpādo’navasthiti: | 

ityutpāde vyākhyātam, evaṃ sthitāvapi vyākhyeyam- 

athānyā sthāpayatyenāṃ sthitiryadyanavasthiti: | 

iti | evaṃ sthitirapi na yuktā | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

asthitā hi ime dharmā: sthitiścaiṡāṃ na vidyate | 

asthiti: sthitiśabdena svabhāvena na vidyate || 

na sthitirnāpi co jātirlokanāthena deśitā | 

lokanāthaṃ viditvaivaṃ samādhiṃ tena jānathā || iti || 

uktaṃ ca {1. ##T seems to read## āryasaṃgītigāthāsu ##for## āryasacarya^.} āryasacaryagāthāsu- 

ākāśaniśrita samāruta āpakhandho 

tanniśritā iya mahī prthivī jagacca | 

sattvāna karmaupabhoganidānamevaṃ 

ākāśathānu krta cittama etamartham || 

yāvat- 

sthānammayānu ayu thānu jinena ukto || 

iti vistara: ||25|| 

atrāha-vidyete eva sthityutpādau tatsahacāridharmasadbhāvāt | iha utpāda- 

sthitilakṡaṇasahacāriṇī saṃskrtānāmanityatāsti | tasmātsthityutpādāvapi sta: iti | 

@078

ucyate | syāta sthityutpādau, yadi anityataiva syāt | na tvasti | kathamiti ? 

yasmāt- 

nirudhyate nāniruddhaṃ na niruddhaṃ nirudhyate | 

{1. ##The portion from## tathāpi ##up to## parasparavirodhācca ##is missing in 

Mss. It is restored from T.##} tathāpi nirudhyamānaṃ kimajātaṃ nirudhyate ||26|| 

yadi anityateti kācitsyāt sā niruddhasya bhāvasya aniruddhasya vā nirudhya- 

mānasya vā syāt | tatra niruddhaṃ nirudhyate iti na yuktam, atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | 

aniruddhamapi na yuktam, nirodhavirahitatvāt, yadaniruddhameva tatkathaṃ nirudhyata iti 

parasparavirodhācca | tathāpi nirudhyamānaṃ na nirudhyate ityanena saṃbandha | nirudhyamānamapi 

na nirudhyate nirudhyamānābhāvāt, nirodhadvayaprasaṅgācca | tataścaivaṃ triṡvapi kāleṡu 

nirodhāsaṃbhava:, tasmānnāstyeva nirodha iti kutastatsahacāristhityutpādasaṃbhava: syāt ? 

api ca | prāgutpādapratiṡedhādasaṃbhava eva nirodhasyetyāha- 

kimajātaṃ nirudhyate | 

iti ||26|| 

api ca | ayaṃ nirodha: sthitasya vā bhāvasya syādasthitasya vā ? ubhayathā 

ca na yujyate ityāha- 

sthitasya tāvadbhāvasya nirodho nopapadyate |

sthitasya nirodhaviruddhasya nāsti nirodha: | 

nāsthitasyāpi bhāvasya nirodha upapadyate ||27|| 

asthitasya abhāvasya avidyamānasya nirodho nāsti, iti sarvathā nāsti nirodha: ||27|| 

kiṃ cānyat | yadi iha nirodha: syāt, sa tayaivāvasthayā tasyā evāvasthāyā: 

syādanyayā vā anyasyā avasthāyā: syāt | sarvathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha- 

tayaivāvasthayāvasthā na hi saiva nirudhyate | 

anyayāvasthayāvasthā na cānyaiva nirudhyate ||28|| 

tayaiva tāvatkṡīrāvasthayā saiva kṡīrāvasthā na nirudhyate, svātmani kriyāvirodhāt | 

nāpyanyayā dadhyavasthayā kṡīrāvasthā nirudhyate |yadi hi kṡoradadhyavasthayoryaugapadyaṃ 

syāt, syāttayorvināśyavināśakabhāva: | na tu dadhyavasthāyāṃ kṡīrāvasthā asti | yadā 

@079

ca nāsti, tadā kāmasatīṃ vināśayet ? yadi vināśayet, kharaviṡāṇatīkṡṇatāmapi 

vināśayet | tasmādanyayāpyavasthayā naivānyāvasthā nirudhyate ||28|| 

atrāha-yadyapi tayaivāvasthayā saivāvasthā, anyayā vā avasthayā anyāvasthā na 

nirudhyate, tathāpi kṡīrāvasthāyāstāvannirodho’sti, tataśca utpādo’pi syāditi | 

ucyate | aho bata atijaḍatāmātmano bhavān prakaṭayati | nanu ca pūrvoktena nyāna 

yadaivaṃ sarvadharmāṇāmutpādo nopapadyate | 

ityuktam, 

tadaivaṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ nirodho nopapadyate ||29|| 

iti sphuṭatarameva pratipāditaṃ bhavati ||29|| 

api ca | nirodho nāma yadi kaścit syāt, sa sato vā bhāvasya syādasato 

vā  | tatra- 

sataśca tāvadbhāvasya nirodho nopapadyate | 

svabhāvādapracyutasya bhāvasya nirodho na yukta: | yasmāt- 

ekatve na hi bhāvaśca nābhāvaścopapadyate ||30|| 

nirodho hi nāma abhāva: | sa yasya bhavati, sa naiva bhavati | tataśca sato bhāvasya 

nirodha iti bruvatā bhāvābhāvayorekādhikaraṇatā abhyupagatā bhavati | ekatve sati ubhayaṃ 

na yujyate | yadi tadānīṃ bhāva: syāt, tadā nirodhenābhāvenāveśādbhāvavyapadeśo’yukta: {1. ##Mss.## āveśodbhāvavyapadeśo yukta: ##for## āveśādbhāvavyapadeśo’yukta: ##which is confirmed by T.##} | 

atha abhāva:, so’pyasya na yujyate, abhāvavirodhinā bhāvarūpeṇāviyogāt | tasmādekatve 

sati bhāvābhāvayo: sa padārthoṃ naiva bhāvo nāpyabhāva iti yujyate | athavā, paraspara- 

viruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekatve sati na hi bhāvaśca nābhāvaścopapadyate | evaṃ tāvatsato bhāvasya nirodho na yukta: ||30|| 

idānīm- 

asato’pi na bhāvasya nirodha upapadyate | 

avidyamānasyābhāvasya na vināśo’sti vandhyātanayasyeva, avidyamānatvāt | 

ata evāha- 

na dvitīyasya śirasacchedanaṃ vidyate yathā ||31|| 

@080

prasiddhāsattvasyaiva nārāṇāṃ{1. ##T seems to om.## narāṇāṃ.} dvitīyasya śaraso drṡṭāntatvenopādānānnirdeśā{2. ##Mss. and P read## drṡṭāntatvenopādānātpari

pūrṇatānirdeśa: seti nopāttam. ##Our text is confirmed by T.##}

pūrṇatvānnāstīti nopāttam | tadevamasato bhāvasya nirodho na saṃbhavati, sato’pi na | 

yaścobhayathāpi na saṃbhavati, sa kenātmanā sthita: ? nāstyeva nirodha iti 

pratīyatām ||31|| 

kiṃ cānyat | yadi nirodho nāma bhāvānāṃ nirodhaka iti kalpyate, tasyedānīṃ 

kimanyo nirodha iṡyate, uta na ? yadi iṡyate tanna yujyate| 

na svātmanā nirodho’sti nirodho na parātmanā | 

kathaṃ punarnāstīti pratipādayannāha- 

utpādasya yathotpādo nātmanā na parātmanā ||32|| 

tatra yathā- 

anutpanno’yamutpāda: svātmānaṃ janayetkatham | 

ityādinā utpāda: svātmānaṃ notpādayati, evaṃ nirodho’pi svātmānaṃ na

nirodhayati | kathamiti ? ucyate- 

aniruddho nirodho’yaṃ svātmānaṃ nāśayetkatham | 

atha naṡṭo nāśayati naṡṭe kiṃ nāśyate puna: ||{3. ##This stanza and the following,-corresponding to 7.13 and 7.19 do not figure as part of the text of Madhyamakakarika in T.##} 

iti samamutpādena vaktavyam | evaṃ ca svātmanā na nirodho’sti | nirodha idānīṃ 

parātmanāpi nāsti | katham ? tatra yathā utpāde gaditam-`anya utpādayatyenam’ 
(7.19) ityādi, evaṃ nirodhe’pi vaktavyam- 

anyo vināśayatyenaṃ nāśo yadyanavasthiti: | 

athāvināśo naṡṭo’yaṃ sarvaṃ naśyatu te tathā || 

iti | tadevaṃ parātmanāpi nirodho na saṃbhavatīti nāsti nirodhasya nirodha: || 

atha manyase-nāstyeva nirodhasya nirodha iti, tadayuktam | yadi hi nirodhasya 

nirodho na syāta, tadā nirādharahitatvātsaṃskrtalakṡaṇamavahīyate | tadevaṃ yadi vināśasya 

vināśa: parikalpyate, tathāpi na yukto vināśa: | atha na parikalpyate, tathāpi na yukta 

@081

iti | kathaṃ tvidānīṃ vināśo yokṡyate parasya{1. ##Mss## parasparam ##for## parasya ##which is confirmed by T.##} ?atha syāt-tathāpi evameva vicāre 

sati vināśo bhavato’pi na yujyate, tata: ya ubhayordoṡa:, na tenaikaścodyo bhavatīti | 

ucyate | naivedaṃ codyaṃ mamāpatati | kiṃ kāraṇam{2. ##T seems to 

om.## kiṃ kāraṇam.} ? ye svātmanā ni:svabhāvā bhāvā:, 

te ca ni:svabhāvā eva santo bālānāmidaṃsatyābhiniveśināṃ vyavahārapathamupayānti 

avicāraprasiddhenaiva nyāyeneti teṡu nāsti yathoditavicārāvatāro’smākam | māyāsvapna- 

gandharvanagarādivattu laukikā: padārthā nirupapattikā eva santa: sarvalokasyāvidyātimiro- 

pahatamatinayanasya{3. ##Mss.## ^malinacetasa: ##for## ^matinayanasya ##which is confirmed by T.##} 

prasiddhimupagatā iti parasparāpekṡayaiva kevalaṃ prasiddhimupagatā bālaira- 

bhyupagamyante | yathoktaṃ śatake- 

alātacakranirmāṇasvapnamāyāmbucandrakai: | 

dhūmikānta:pratiśrutkāmarīcyabhrai: samo bhava: || 

(catu:śataka-13.25) 

tasmātsati utpāde utpādyam, sati utpādye utpāda: | sati nirodhe nirodhyam, 
sati nirodhye nirodha:, ityevaṃ laukikasya vyavahārasyābhyupagamātkuto’smatpakṡe sama- 

prasaṅgitā bhavitumarhati ? 

yastu vināśasya ahetukatvamabhyupetya kṡaṇikatāṃ saṃskārāṇāmāha, tasya nirhetu- 

katvāt khapuṡpavadvināśābhāvāt kuta: kṡaṇikatvaṃ bhāvānāṃ setsyati, kuto vināśarahitānāṃ 

saṃskrtatvamapīti sarvameva asamañjasaṃ tasya jāyate | jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ saṃskrta- 

lakṡaṇānāṃ ca saṃskāraskandhāntarbhāvaṃ varṇayatā bhagavatā nanu sahetukatvaṃ spaṡṭamādarśitaṃ 

vināśasya | jātimātrāpekṡatvāccāsya kṡaṇabhaṅgo’pi sukhāsādhya iti sarvaṃ susthaṃ jāyate || 

atha syāt-vināśo hi nāma abhāva:, yaśca abhāva:, kiṃ tasya hetunā 

kartavyam ? ato nirhetuko vināśa iti | nanu ca bhāve’pi hetvabhāvaprasaṅgo bhavati | 

bhāvo hi nāma vidyamāna:, yaśca vidyamāna: tasya{4. ## T and P## tasyaiva kiṃ ##for## tasya ca kiṃ.} ca kiṃ hetunā prayojanam ? na hi jātaṃ 

punarapi janyate | tasmātsarvatraiva hetvabhāvaprasaṅgādayuktametat || 

api ca | yathā utpāda: sahetuka: pūrvamabhāvātpaścācca bhāvāt, evaṃ vināśo’- 

pīṡyatām | vināśo hi na sarvadā bhavati, utpādātpūrvamabhāvātpaścācca bhāvāt | 

yaccocyate-yaścābhāva: tasya kiṃ hetunā kartavyamiti, tadayuktam | yasmānna vayaṃ vinā- 

śasya hetunā kiṃcitkriyamāṇamicchāma:, kiṃ tarhi vināśa eva kriyate iti varṇayāma: | 

nanvevaṃ sati kriyamāṇatvādvināśo’pi bhāva: prāpnotīti cet, iṡyata evaitat | vināśo 

@082

hi svarūpāpekṡayā bhāva:, rūpādidharmanivrttisvabhāvatvāttu na bhāva: | api ca | maraṇa- 

mapi dvividhakāryapratyupasthāpanaṃ saṃskāravidhvaṃsanaṃ ca karoti | aparijñānānupacchedaṃ (?) 

cetyāgamāt kathaṃ na sahetuko vināśa: ? api ca | kalpitābhāvalakṡaṇāyāśca śūnyatāyā: 

pareṇa bhāvarūpatāmabhyupagacchatā kathamabhāvasya bhāvatvaṃ nābhyupagataṃ bhavati ? bhāvatvācca 

kathamasaṃskrtatvaṃ śūnyatāyā: syāt ? ata: sarvamabhyupetaṃ vihīyate bhavatā | ata eva 

vakṡyati- 

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇamubhayaṃ katham | 

na saṃskrtaṃ hi nirvāṇaṃ bhāvābhāvau ca saskrtau || [ma^ śā^-25.13] 

ipyalaṃ prasaṅgena | prakrtameva vyākhyāsyāma: ||32|| 

atrāha-yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgā: saṃskrtasya niṡiddhā:, tathāpi saṃskrtamasti 

viśeṡalakṡaṇayuktam | tathāhi kāṭhinyādikaṃ sāsnādikaṃ {1. ##Mss. om.## sāsnādikaṃ ##which is found in T.##} ca tasya viśeṡalakṡaṇamupa- 

diśyate | tasmātsaṃskrtasya sadbhāvāttallakṡaṇamapyastīti | ucyate | syādevaṃ yadi 

saṃskrtameva vastu syāt | kuta: ? yasmāt- 

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmasiddhernāsti saṃskrtam | 

yadā yathoktena nyāyena utpādasthitibhaṅgā eva niṡiddhā:, tadā kuta: saṃskrta 

vastu tadviśeṡalakṡaṇamapyastīti || 

atrāha-vidyata eva saṃskrtam, tatpratipakṡāsaṃskrtasadbhāvāt | ucyate | syādeta- 

devam, yadi asaṃskrtameva syāt | yasmāt- 

saṃskrtasyāprasiddhau ca kathaṃ setsyatyasaṃskrtam ||33|| 

atraike ākāśāpratisaṃkhyānirodhanirvāṇānyasaṃskrtānīti kalpayanti | apare 

śūnyatāṃ tathatālakṡaṇāmasaṃskrtāṃ parikalpayanti | tadetatsarvaṃ saṃskrtasyāprasiddhau satyāṃ 

nāstyeveti spaṡṭamādarśitam ||33|| 

atrāha-yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgā  na santītyavadhāritam, yattarhi idamanāvaraṇa- 

jñāninā muninā- 

“saṃskrtasya bhikṡava: utpādo’pi prajñāyate, vyayo’pi, sthityanyathātvamapi” 

[= aṅguttara-1; majjhima] 

@083

ityudāhrtam, tatkathaṃ veditavyamiti ? ucyate- 

yathā māyā yathā svapno gandharvanagaraṃ yathā | 

tathotpādastathā sthānaṃ tathā bhaṅga udāhrtam ||34|| 

yathā māyādaya: svabhāvenānutpannā avidyamānā māyādiśabdavācyā māyādi- 

vijñānagamyāśca lokasya, evamete’pi lokaprasiddhimātreṇa utpādādaya: svabhāvena avidya- 

mānā api bhagavatā tathāvidhavineyajanānugrahacikīrṡuṇā nirdiṡṭā iti | ata evoktam- 

tvaksnāyumāṃsāsthisamuchraye ca 

utpādya saṃjñāṃ mama patnireṡā | 

mūḍhā hi bālā janayanti rāgaṃ 

striyo na jānanti yathaiva māyām || 

yathā kumārī supine#ntarasmiṃ 

sā putra jātaṃ ca mrtaṃ ca paśyati | 

jāte’tituṡṭā mrti daurmanasthitā 

tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.17] 

yathaiva gandharvapuraṃ marīcikā 

yathaiva māyā supinaṃ yathaiva | 

svabhāvaśūnyā tu nimittabhāvanā 

tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.11] 

saṃskrtāsaṃskrtadharmaviviktā{1. ##P## saṃskrna’saṃskrtasarvaviviktā ##for the line,##} 

nāsti vikalpana teṡamrṡīṇām | 

sarvagatīṡu asaṃskrtaprāptā 

drṡṭigatehi sadaiva viviktā || 

nityamarakta aduṡṭa amūḍhā: 

tasya sabhāvasamāhitacittā | 

eṡa samādhibalī balavanto 

yo imu jānati śūnyakadharmān || iti || 34|| 

[samādhirājasūtra-37.27-28] 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapādāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

saṃskrtaparīkṡā nāma saptamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@084



8

karmakārakaparīkṡā aṡṭamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyanta eva saṃskrtasvabhāvato vijñānādaya: saṃskrtā dharmā:, taddhetuka- 

karmakārakasadbhāvāt | uktaṃ hi bhagavatā- 

avidyānugato’yaṃ bhikṡava: puruṡapudgala: puṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, 

apuṇyānapi, āniñjyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti | 

ityādinā karmaṇāṃ kārako vyapadiṡṭa:, tatkarmaphalaṃ ca vijñānādikamupadiṡṭam | 

yasya ca kārako’sti, tadasti, tadyathā ghaṭa:{1. ##Mss.## ghaṭā: ##for## ghaṭa:.} | yannāsti, na tasya kāraka:, tadyathā 

kūrmaromaprāvārasyeti | ucyate | syādvijñānādikaṃ saṃskrtaṃ yadi tasya niṡpādakakarma- 

kārakau syātām | na tu sta: | yasmāt- 

sadbhūta: kāraka: karma sadbhūtaṃ na karotyayam | 

kārako nāpyasadbhūta: karmāsadbhūtamīhate ||1|| 

tatra karotīti kāraka: kartā | kurvāṇasyaiva kiṃcit kārakavyapadeśo nākurvā- 

ṇasya | tacca karaṇaṃ sadbhūtasya vā kartu: parikalpyeta, asadbhūtasya vā, sadasadbhūtasya vā ? 

kriyate iti karma karturīpsitatamam [pā^ 1.4.49]| tadapi trividham, sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ 

sadasadbhūtaṃ ca | tatra sadbhūta: kāraka: kriyāyukta: sadbhūtaṃ kriyāyuktaṃ karma na karotītyekā 

pratijñā | idānīmasadbhūto’pi kriyākārakarahito’sadbhūtaṃ kriyārahitaṃ karma na 

karotītyaparā pratijñā ||1|| 

tatrādyāṃ prasādhayitumāha- 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartrkam | 

kriyānibandhanatvātkārakavyapadeśasya, karoti kriyāyukta eva kaścitsadbhūta: 

kārakavyapadeśaṃ labhate, tataśca tasyaivaṃvidhasya kriyāhetukalabdhakārakavyapadeśasya aparā 

kriyā nāsti yayā karma kuryāt | kriyābhāvācca yadā kāraka: karma na karoti, tadā 

kārakanirapekṡamakartrkaṃ karma syāt | na cākartrkaṃ karma saṃbhavati vandhyāsūnoriva ghaṭa- 

karaṇamiti | evaṃ tāvat 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartrkam | 

iti doṡaprasaṅgāt sadbhūta: kāraka: karma na karoti | 
@085

idānīṃ sadbhūtamapi karma kārako na karotīti pratipādayannāha- 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmaka: ||2|| 

sadbhūtaṃ nāma karma kriyāyuktam | tasyedānīṃ kriyānibandhanalabdhakarmavyapadeśasya 

aparā kriyā nāsti yayā karma kriyeteti | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūtasya karmaṇa: kriyā nāsti | 

yadā nāsti parā kriyā, tadā kārakastatsadbhūtaṃ karma naiva karoti | yadā ca na karoti 

karmaṇo dvitīyakriyābhāvāt, tadā akarmaka eva avidyamānakarmaka eva tasya karmaṇa: kāraka: 

syāt | na caitadyuktam | na hi akrtānantaryakarmaṇa: ānantaryakarmakārakatvaṃ drṡṭamiti ||2|| 

evaṃ sadbhūta: kāraka: sadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti iti saṃsādhya idānīṃ yathā asad- 

bhūtamapi karma asadbhūta: kārako na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha- 

karoti yadyasadbhūto’sadbhūtaṃ karma kāraka: | 

ahetukaṃ bhavetkarma kartā cāhetuko bhavet ||3|| 

asadbhūta: kārako ya: kriyārahita: | kriyā ca kārakavyapadeśe heturiti kriyā- 

rahita: kārako’pi nirhetuka: syāt | karmāpyasadbhūtaṃ nirhetukaṃ syāt ||3|| 

sati ca ahetukavādābhpupagame kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca sarvamapoditaṃ syādityāha- 

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate | 

satyeva hi hetorabhyupagame hetunā yanniṡpādyate tat kāryam, tasya ca yon iṡpā- 

daka:, tatkāraṇamiti yujyate | tadyathā ghaṭasya mrd{1. ##Mss.## mrdā ##for## mrd.} hetu:, ghaṭa: kāryam, tasya ca cakrā- 

daya: sahakārikāraṇam | ahetukavādābhyupagame tu hetvanapekṡatvānmaṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇi{2. ##T## ākāśapuṡpa^ ##for## maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇi^.}ma 

ghaṭavanna syādayaṃ ghaṭa | asati{3. ##Mss.## sati ##for## asati.} ghaṭe kutastatkāraṇamiti | evam- 

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate | 

tataśca- 

tadabhāve kriyā kartā karaṇaṃ ca na vidyate ||4|| 

tadabhāve kāryakāraṇābhāve, kiṃ kurvāṇasya kriyā saṃbhavet, kasyāṃ vā kriyāyāṃ 

kumbhakārasya svātantryātkartrtvaṃ syāt ? na cāpi mrdāṃ tādātmyapravrttyā sādhakatamatvena 

karaṇatvaṃ yujyata iti | evaṃ tāvat- 

tadabhāve kriyā kartā karaṇaṃ ca na vidyate || 

tataśca- 

dharmādharmau na vidyete kriyādīnāmasaṃbhave | 

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iha yadā devadatta: prāṇātipātaviratikriyāsvātantryātkartā san svatantrakāryeṇa 

karaṇabhūtena prāṇātipātaviratikriyāṃ karoti, tadāsya dharma upajāyate | evaṃ daśasvapi 

kuśaleṡu karmapatheṡu kuśalakriyāniṡpādyeṡu ratnatrayamātāpitrtadanyapūjyapūjādilakṡaṇeṡu ca 

kuśaladharmaprārambheṡu yojyam | evamadharme’pi prāṇātipātādilakṡaṇe kuśalaviparyayeṇa kriyā- 

kartrkaraṇānāmabhāve sati karmaṇāmabhāvaprasaṅga udbhāvanīya: || 

yadā caivaṃ dharmādharmau na saṃbhavata:, tadā tatphalamapi nāstyeveti pratipādayannāha- 

dharma cāsatyadharme ca phalaṃ tajjaṃ na vidyate ||5|| 

dharmādharmajanitamiṡṭāniṡṭaphalaṃ sugatidurgatyordharmādharmayorabhāve sati na syāt ||5|| 

tataśca- 

phale’sati na mokṡāya na svargāyopapadyate | 

mārga:
yadi hi phalamiṡṭāniṡṭaṃ{1. ##T om.## iṡṭāniṡṭaṃ.}syāt, syāllaukikasya mārgasya dhyānārūpyasamādhi- 

samāpattilakṡaṇaṃ svarga:, tadānīṃ tadarthaṃ laukikamārgabhāvanā jyāyasī syāt, kugati- 

gamanakarmapathaviratisāphalyaṃ{2. ##T om.## kugatigamanakarmapathavigatisāphalyaṃ ca syāt. } ca syāt | yadi ca mokṡalakṡaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ phalaṃ syāt, tadarthaṃ 

lokottarāryāṡṭāṅgamārgabhāvanāsāphalyaṃ {3. ##T om.## ^sāphalyaṃ.} syāt | yadā tu phalaṃ nāsti, tadā- 

phale’sati na mokṡāya na svargāyopapadyate | 

mārga: | 

kiṃ ca | evaṃ phalābhāve sati- 

sarvakriyāṇāṃ ca nairarthakyaṃ prasajyate ||6|| 

yā api hyetā: krṡivāṇijyavala(bhrti ?)gatādikā: kriyā: phalārthaṃ prārabhyante, 

tā api sarvā: phalābhāve sati nopapadyanta iti | evaṃ sarvakriyāṇāṃ nairarthakyaṃ prasajyate 

bhavatām | na cāsāṃ nairarthakyam | tasmānniravaśeṡadoṡaviṡavrkṡā{4. ##T om.## ^viṡavrkṡa^}karabhūto’yaṃ svargāpavargā- 

pavādī{5. ##Mss.## sanmārgāpavargāvādī ##for## svargāpavargā-

 pavādī ##which is confirmed by T.##} narakādimahāpāyaprapātavartanahetu: {6. ##T om.## ^vartana^.} 

drṡṭādrṡṭahetupadārthavirodhīti krtvā, saddhi:

asadbhūta: kārako’sadbhūtaṃ karma karotīti pakṡo nikrṡṭa eveti tyājya: ||6|| 

tadevaṃ pratijñādvayaṃ saṃsādhya idānīmubhayarūpa: kāraka:, ubhayarūpamapi karma na 

karotītyāha- 

kāraka: sadasadbhūta: sadasatkurute na{7. ##Mss.## na hi ##for## na tat.} tat | 

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tatra yadetadasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyāyuktamakriyāyuktaṃ ca, tat sadasadbhūta: kārako na 

karotīti | yasmāt- 

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikata: kuta: ||7|| 

eka: padārtha: ekasmin kāle kriyāyuktaścākriyāyuktaścetin a yujyata evaitat | 

tataśca sadasadbhūto’pi kāraka: sadasadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti, avidyamānatvāditya- 

bhiprāya: ||7|| 

evaṃ same pakṡe dūṡaṇamudbhāvya viṡamapakṡasyāpi nirācikorṡayā āha- 

satā ca kriyate nāsannāsatā kriyate ca sat | 

kartrā 

satā sadbhūtena tāvatkartrā kriyāyuktena asadbhūtamasadakriyāyuktaṃ karma na kriyate | 

yasmāt-

sarve prasajyante doṡāstatra ta eva hi ||8|| 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartrkam | [8.2] 

ityevaṃ tāvat sadbhūta: kāraka: karma na karoti, nāpyasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyate | asadbhūtaṃ 

hi karma ahetukaṃ bhavet | tataśca- 

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate | [8.4] 

ityādinā sarvaṃ dūṡaṇamāpadyate | tasmātpūrvoktaireva hetubhirdūṡitatvādasya viṡama- 

pakṡasya na punarhetorupādānamanuṡṭhīyate | yathā caitat satā kartrā asatkarma na kriyate iti 

pratipāditam, evamasatā kartrā akriyāyuktena satkarma na kriyate iti vyākhyeyamuktapathā- 

nusāreṇa ||8|| 

evaṃ tāvadviṡamapakṡe ekaikapadaparāmarśena dūṡaṇamabhidhāya idānīmekaikasya padasya 

padadvayaparāmarśena dūṡaṇābhidhānamāha- 

nāsadbhūtaṃ na sadbhūta: sadasadbhūtameva vā | 

karoti kāraka: karma pūrvoktaireva hetubhi: ||9|| 

sa kāraka: sadbhūta: asadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtameva vā na karotīti | 

kathamityāha-pūrvoktaireva hetubhiriti | tatra `sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti’ ityādinā 

sadbhūta: kārako na karoti | asadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate `ahetukaṃ bhavetkarma’ 

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca’ ityādinā vihitadoṡāt | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate- 

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikata: kuta: [8.7] 

iti vacanāt | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūta: kārako’sadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhūtaṃ ca karma na 

karoti ||9|| 

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idānīmasadbhūto’pi kāraka: sadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtaṃ ca karma na karotītyāha- 

nāsadbhūto’pi sadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhūtameva vā | 

karoti kāraka: karma pūrvoktaireva hetubhi ||10|| 

asadbhūta: kārako nirhetuko bhavet | `hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca’ ityādinā ukta- 

doṡadasadbhūta: kārako na karoti | 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmaka: | [8.2] 

iti prasaṅgāt sadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate, 

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikata: kuta: | [8.7] 

iti vacanāt || 10 ||

idānīṃ sadasadbhūto’pi kāraka: ekaika evobhayarūpa: san yathā sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ 

ca bhinnasaṃketaṃ karma na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha- 

karoti sadasadbhūto na sannāsacca kāraka: | 

karma tattu vijānīyātpūrvoktaireva hetubhi: ||11|| 

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikata: kuta: | [8.7] 

iti vacanātsadasadbhūta: kārako na karoti | 

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmaka: | [8.2] 

iti prasaṅgātsadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | asadbhūtamapi karma ahetukaṃ `hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca’ 

ityādinoktadoṡānna kriyate | yataścaivaṃ samapakṡeṡu viṡamapakṡeṡu ca kartu: karmaṇaśca sarvathā 

siddhirayuktā, tasmādyaduktaṃ vidyanta eva vijñānādaya: saṃskrtā dharmā: saṃskrtasvabhāvā: 

taddhetukakarmakārakasadbhāvāditi, tadayuktam || 

atrāha-kimavadhāritametadbhavatā na santi bhāvā iti ? na hi | bhavatastu 

sasvabhāvavādina: svabhāvasya bhāvānāṃ vaidhuryātsarvabhāvāpavāda: saṃbhāvyate | vayaṃ tu

pratītyotpannatvātsarvabhāvānāṃ svabhāvamevanopalabhāmahe, tatkasyāpavādaṃ kariṡyāma: ? 

yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām- 

marīci{1. ##Mss.## paricintoyaṃ ##for## marīciṃ toyaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} toyamityetaditi matvāgato’tra san | 

yadi nāstīti tattoyaṃ grhṇīyānmūḍha eva sa: || 

marīcipratimaṃ lokamevamastīti grhṇata: | 

nāstīti cāpi moho’yaṃ sati mohe na mucyate || 

ajñānakalpitaṃ pūrvaṃ paścāttattvārthanirṇaye | 

yadā na labhate bhāvamevābhāvastadā kuha || iti || 11 || 

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tadevaṃ ni:svabhāvānāṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ kuto yathoktaprakārasiddhi: ? tasmāllaukikaṃ 

viparyāsamabhyupetya sāṃvrtānāṃ padārthānāṃ marīcikājalakalpānāmidaṃpratyayatāmātrābhyupaga- 

menaiva prasiddhirnānyenetyāha- 

pratītya kāraka: karma taṃ pratītya ca kārakam | 

karma pravartate, nānyatpaśyāma: siddhikāraṇam ||12|| 

iha akurvāṇasya karmanirapekṡasya kārakatvābhāvāt karmāpekṡya kārakasya kārakatvaṃ 

bhavati | kārakeṇa{1. ##Mss.## kāraṇena ##for## kārakeṇa ##which is confirmed by T.##} cākriyamāṇasya kasyacitkarmatvābhāvāt kriyamāṇasyaiva karmavyapade- 

śāt, taṃ kārakaṃ pratītya karma pravartate ityevaṃ karmakārakayo: parasparāpekṡikīṃ siddhiṃ muktvā 

nānyatsiddhikāraṇaṃ paśyāma: ||12|| 

yathā ca karmakārakayo: parasparāpekṡikī siddhi:, evamanyeṡāmapi bhāvānā- 

mityatidiśannāha- 

evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ{2. ##Mss.## vidyānupādānaṃ ##for## vidyādupādānaṃ.} vyutsargāditi karmaṇa: | 

kartuśca 

evamityanena anantarāṃ karmakārakaprajñaptiṃ darśayati | upāttirupādānam | anena 

copāttikriyāmāha | sā ca svasādhanaṃ kartāramupādātāraṃ karma copādānaṃ saṃnidhāpayati | 

tayośca upādeyopādātro: parasparāpekṡayo: karmakārakavadeva siddhirna svābhāvikī | 

kasmātpuna: svābhāvikī na bhavati ityāha-vyutsargāditi karmaṇa:, kartuśceti | iti
śabdo 

hetuparāmarśī | vyutsargo vyudāsa: | tataśca ayamartha upapadyate-yaireva hetubhi: karmaṇaśca 
vyutsargo’smābhirukta:, taireva hetubhi:upādātā upādeyaṃ ca pratiṡiddha veditavyam | na ca 

kevalamanayoranyonyāpekṡikī siddhi: kartuśca karmaṇaśca pratiṡedhenāvaseyā, api ca 

karmakartrbhyāṃ śeṡān bhāvān vibhāvayet ||13|| 

prajña iti vākyaśeṡa: | karmakārakopādeyopādātrvyatiriktā ye’nye bhāvā janya- 

janakagantrgamanadraṡṭavyadarśanalakṡyalaṇotpādyotpādakā:, tathā{3. ##Mss.## atha ##for## tathā ##which is confirmed by T.##} avayavāvayaviguṇaguṇipramāṇa- 

prameyādayo niravaśeṡā bhāvā:, teṡāṃ kartrkarmavicāreṇa svabhāvato’stitvaṃ pratiṡidhya 

parasparāpekṡikīmeva siddhiṃ prājño nirmumukṡurjātijarāmaraṇādibandhanebhyo mokṡāya 

vibhāvayet || 

eṡāṃ ca vistareṇa vicāro madhyamakāvatārādibhyo’vaseya: || 

nanu ca śeṡān bhāvān vibhāvayedityanenaiva upādānopādātroradhigatatvādupādā- 

nopādānaṃ punarayuktam | satyametat | tathāpi tattvavicāre prādhānyajñāpanārthamupādānopādā- 

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trorbhedenopādānam, tathā hi uttareṡu prakaraṇeṡu bhūyasā anayoreva vicāro bhaviṡyatīti | 

ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryopālipariprcchāyām- 

{1. ##This very citation occurs in chapter I on page 20.##} bhaya darśita nairayikaṃ me sattvasahasra savejita naike | 

na ca vidyati kaściha sattva yo cyutu gacchati ghoramapāyam || 

na ca kāraku kāraṇaṃ santi yehi krtā asitomaraśastrā: | 

kalpavaśena tu paśyati tatra kāyi patanti apāyita śastrā: || 

citramanorama sajjitapuṡpā: svarṇavimāna jalanti manojñā: | 

teṡvapi kāraku nāstiha kaści te’pi ca sthāpita kalpavaśena || 

kalpavaśena vikalpitu loka: saṃjñagaheṇa vikalpitu bāla: | 

so ca gaho agaho asabhūto māyamarīcisamā hi vikalpā: || iti || 13 || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

karmakārakaparīkṡā nāma aṡṭamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

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9

pūrvaparīkṡā navamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yaduktam-`evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ vyutsargāditi karmaṇa: | kartuśca’ [8.13] 

iti, tadayuktam | yasmāt- 

darśanaśravaṇādīni vedanādīni cāpyatha | 

bhavanti yasya prāgebhya: so’stītyeke vadantyuta ||1|| 

yasya upādātu: darśanaśravaṇaghrāṇarasanādīni vedanāsparśamanaskārādīni ca 

bhavanti, sa upādātā pūrvamebhya upādānebhyo’stīti sāṃmitīyā vadanti ||1|| 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt- 

kathaṃ hyavidyamānasya darśanādi bhaviṡyati | 
bhāvasya tasmātprāgebhya: so’sti bhāvo vyavasthita: ||2|| 
iha vidyamāna eva devadatto dhanopādānaṃ kurute nāvidyamāno vandhyātanaya: | evaṃ 

yadi tāvatpudgalo darśanādibhya: pūrvaṃ vyavasthito na syāt, nāsau darśanādikasyopādānama- 

kariṡyat | tasmādasti asau dhanātprāgeva sthitadevadattavat darśanādibhya: pūrvaṃ pudgalo 

yo’sya upādānaṃ kariṡyatīti ||2|| 

ucyate- 

darśanaśravaṇādibhyo vedanādibhya eva ca | 

ya: prāgvyavasthito bhāva: kena prajñapyate’tha sa: ||3|| 

yau’sau pudgalo darśanādibhya: pūrvamastīti vyavasthāpyate, sa kena prajñapyatām ? 

pudgalaprajñapterhi darśanādikaṃ kāraṇam | sa yadi tebhya: prāgvyavasthito’stīti kalpyate, 

tadā darśananirapekṡa: syād ghaṭādiva paṭa: | yaśca svakāraṇanirapekṡa: sa nirhetuko dhanādi- 

nirapekṡa: dhanikavannāstītyabhiprāya: ||3|| 

kiṃ cānyat- 

vināpi darśanādīni yadi cāsau vyavasthita: | 

amūnyapi bhaviṡyanti vinā tena na saṃśaya: ||4|| 

yadi manyase-darśanādibhya: pūrvaṃ pudgalo nāmāsti, sa darśanādikamupādāna- 

mupādatte iti | nanvevaṃ sati nirastasaṃśayamamūnyapi darśanādīni vinā pudgalena 

bhaviṡyanti | tathāhi devadatto dhanasaṃbandhātpūrvaṃ dhanavyatirikto vyavasthita: san arthāntara- 

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bhūtameva prthaksiddhaṃ dhanamupādatte | evamupādāturapi svātmavyatirekeṇārthāntarabhūtaṃ 

darśanādikamupādānaṃ syāt ||4|| 

na tu saṃbhavatītyāha- 

ajyate kenacitkaścit kiṃcitkenacidajyate | 

kuta: kiṃcidvinā kaścit kiṃcitkaṃcidvinā kuta: ||5|| 

iha bījākhyena kāraṇena kiṃcitkāryamabhivyajyate’ṅkurākhyam, tena ca kāryeṇa 

kiṃcit kāraṇamabhivyajyate bījākhyam-asyedaṃ kāraṇamidamasya kāryamiti | evaṃ yadi 

kenaciddarśanādikenopādānena kaścidātmasvabhābo’bhivyajyate asyāyamupādāteti, kenaci- 

ccātmanā kiṃcidupādānaṃ darśanādikamabhivyajyate idamasyopādānamiti, tadānīṃ syātpara- 

sparāpekṡayorupādānopādātro: siddhi: | yadā tu upādātāraṃ vinā prthak siddhaṃ darśanā- 

dikamabhyupagamyate, tadā tannirāśrayamasadeva | tasmānnāstyubhayorapi siddhi:, iti na 

yuktametat-darśanādibhya: prthagavasthita upādāteti ||5|| 

atrāha-yaduktaṃ darśanaśravaṇādibhya ityādi, atrocyate | yadi sarvebhyo darśanā- 

dibhya: prāgavasthita ityabhyupagataṃ syāt, syādeṡa doṡa: | yadā tu- 

sarvebhyo darśanādibhya: kaścitpūrvo na vidyate | 

kiṃ tarhi ekaikasmātpūrvo vidyate | yadā caivam, tadā- 

ajyate darśanādīnāmanyena punaranyadā ||6|| 

yadā darśanena draṡṭetyabhivyajyate, na tadā śravaṇādīnyupādāya prajñapyate, tataśca 

doṡānavasara iti ||6|| 

ucyate | etadapi na yuktaṃ darśanādirahitasya nirupādānasya nirhetukasya nirañja- 

nasyāstitvāsaṃbhavāt | 

sarvebhyo darśanādibhyo yadi pūrvo na vidyate | 

iti parikalpyate, evamapi- 

ekaikasmātkathaṃ pūrvo darśanāde: sa vidyate ||7|| 

yo hi sarvebhya: pūrvo na bhavati, sa ekaikasmādapi na bhavati | tadyathā sarvebhyo 

vrkṡebhya: prāg vanaṃ nāsti, tadā ekaikasmādapi nāsti | sarvāsāṃ ca sikatānāṃ taila- 

jananābhāve sati ekaikasyā api sikatāyāstailaṃ nāsti | api ca | yo hyekaikasmātpūrvo 


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bhavati, nanu sa sarvebhyo’pi pūrva evetyabhyupagataṃ bhavati | ekaikavyatirekeṇa sarvasyābhāvāt | 

tasmānna yuktamekaikasmātpūrvo vidyata iti ||7|| 

itaśca na yuktam-yasmāt- 

draṡṭā sa eva sa śrotā sa eva yadi vedaka: | 

tadā- 

ekaikasmādbhavetpūrvaṃ 

na ca yuktaṃ vaktuṃ sa eva draṡṭā sa eva śroteti | yadi syāt, tadā darśanakriyā- 

rahitasyāpi śroturdraṡṭrtvaṃ syāt, śravaṇakriyārahitasyāpi draṡṭu: śrotrtvaṃ syāt | na caivaṃ drṡṭaṃ 

yaddarśanakriyārahito’pi draṡṭā syāt, śravaṇakriyārahitaśca śroteti | ata evāha- 

evaṃ caitanna yujyate ||8|| 

iti | pratikriyaṃ ca kārakabhedātkuta etadevaṃ bhaviṡyatīti pratipādayannāha-evaṃ caitanna 

yujyata iti || 

ācāryabuddhapālitastu vyācaṡṭe-ekatve hi ātmana: indriyāntaragamanaprasaṅga: 

puruṡasya syāt, vātāyanāntaropagamanavaditi | asya ācāryabhāvaviveko dūṡaṇamāha- 

sarvagatasyātmano nendriyāntaragamanamastītyayukta: prasaṅgadoṡa iti | tadetadayuktaṃ svayūthya- 

parikalpitapudgalavādanirāsasya prastutatvāt, tasya ca sarvagatatvāpratijñānāt | tasmād 

yukta eva prasaṅgadoṡa: ||8|| 

athāpi yathoktadoṡaparijihīrṡayā- 

draṡṭānya eva śrotānyo vedako’nya: punaryadi | 

parikalpyate, tadapi na yuktam | evaṃ hīṡyamāṇe- 

sati syād draṡṭari śrotā bahutvaṃ cātmanāṃ bhavet ||9|| 

tadyathā goranyo’śva: na hi gavi sati na bhavati yaugapadyena, evaṃ yadi draṡṭuranya: 

śrotā syāt, sa draṡṭaryapi sati syādyaugapadyena | na caivamiṡyate iti nāstyanyatvam | 

api ca | evaṃ sati bahava evātmāna: prāpnuvanti draṡṭṭaśrotrvedakādīnāṃ prthak prthak 

siddhayupagamāt | tasmādekaikasmādapi darśanāde: pūrvaṃ nāsti pudgalo nāma kaścit ||9|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva pūrvaṃ sa sarvebhyo darśanādibhya ātmā | atha matam- 

adyasti, kena prajñapyate sa iti yaducyate, iha darśanādibhya: pūrvaṃ nāmarūpāvasthāyāṃ catvāri 

mahābhūtāni santi yata: karmānnāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṡaḍāyatanamiti darśanaśravaṇādīnyutpadyante | 

tasmāddarśanādibhya: pūrvaṃ caturmahābhūtopādānamevāstīti | evamapi- 

@094

darśanaśravaṇādīni vedanādīni cāpyatha | 

bhavanti yebhyasteṡveṡa bhūteṡvapi na vidyate ||10|| 

yebhyo mahābhūtebhyo darśanādikamutpadyate, teṡvapi mahābhūtopādānanimittako’pyeṡa

na yujyate pūrveṇaiva hetunetyabhiprāya: | tatra yathā pūrvamuktam- 

kuta: kiṃcidvinā kaścitkiṃcitkaṃcidvinā kuta: | 

iti, ihāpi tathaiva vaktavyam | mahābhūtopādānādyaścātmā pūrvaṃ siddha: syāt, sa mahā- 

bhūtānyupādāya syāt | na caivam, nirhetukatvāt | yaśca nāsti, sa kathaṃ mahābhūtānyu- 

pādāsyati ? iti darśanopādānavadbhūtopādāne’pi dūṡaṇamuktameveti na punarucyate ||10|| 

atrāha-yadyapyevamātmā pratiṡiddha:, tathāpi darśanādikamasti, apratiṡedhāt | 

na ca anātmasvabhāvānāṃ{1. ##Mss.## anātmāsvabhāvānāṃ ##for## anātmasvabhāvānāṃ.} ghaṭādīnāṃ darśanādisaṃbandho’sti | tasmātsaṃbandhī vidyata 

evātmeti | ucyate | syādātmā yadi darśanādīnyeva syu: | na tu santi | yasya darśanā- 

dīnyupādānaṃ sa yadā nāstīti pratipāditam, tadā tasminnātmani upādātari asati, 

kuto darśanādīnāmupādānabhūtānāmastitvamityāha- 

darśanaśravaṇādīni vedanādīni cāpyatha | 

na vidyate cedyasya san a vidyanta imānyapi  ||11|| 

yasya darśanādīni parikalpyante sa yadā nāstītyuktam, nanu tadaiva darśanādikamapi 

nāstīti spaṡṭamādarśitaṃ bhavati | tataśca darśanādyabhāvānnāstyevātmeti ||11|| 


atrāha-kiṃ khalu bhavato niścitametannāstyevātmeti ? kena etaduktam{2. ##Mss.## etadyuktam ##for## etaduktam,} ? nanu 

ca anantaramevoktaṃ darśanādyabhāvādātmāpi nāstīti | uktametadesmābhi: | na tu asyārtho 

bhavatā samyagniścita: | yato bhāvarūpa ātmeti parikalpita:, sa{3.} 

svabhāvato na vidyate, 

tasya ca mayā svabhāvābhiniveśanivartakameva vacanamuktamasadviparyāsapratipakṡeṇa, na tu asya 

abhāva: parikalpita: | dvayaṃ hyetat parityājyaṃ yaśca bhāveṡvabhiniveśa:, yaśca abhāveṡu 

abhiniveśa iti | yathoktamāryadevena- 

yastavātmā mamānātmā tenātmāniyamānna sa: | 

nanvanityeṡu bhāveṡu kalpanā nāma jāyate || 

[catu:śataka-10.3] 

iti || 11 || 

@095

etadeva pratipādayannāha- 

prāk ca yo darśanādibhya: sāṃprataṃ cordhvameva ca | 

na vidyate’sti nāstītiṃ nivrttāstatra kalpanā: ||12|| 

prāk tāvaddarśanādibhya ātmā nāsti, tatra hi tasyāstitvābhāvāt | darśanādi- 

sahabhūto’pi nāsti, prthakprthagasiddhayo: sahabhāvādarśanāt śaśaśrṅgayoriva | ātmo- 

pādānayośca parasparanirapekṡayo: prthakprthagasiddhatvāt sāṃpratamapi nāsti | ūrdhvamapi | 

yadi hi pūrvaṃ darśanādīni syu:, uttarakālamātmā syāt, tadānīmūrdhvaṃ saṃbhavet | na caivam, 

akartrkasya karmaṇo’siddhatvāt, | yaścaivamātmā darśanādibhya: prāk paścād yugapacca parīkṡya- 

māṇo nāsti, tasya idānīmanupalabdhasvabhāvasya astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ vā ka: parikalpa- 

yetprājña: ? tasmātkarmakārakavadeva upādānopādānno: parasparāpekṡā siddhirna svābhāvi- 

kīti sthitam || 

ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake- 

tahi kāli so daśabalo anagho 

jinu bhāṡate imu samādhivaram | 

supinopamā bhavagatī sakalā 

na hi kaści jāyati na co mriyate || 

na ca sattvu labhyati na jīvu naro 

imi dharma phenakadalīsadrśā: | 

māyopamā gaganavidyusamā 

dakacandrasaṃnibha marīcisamā: || 

na ca asmi loki mrtu kaści naro 

paraloka saṃkramati gacchati vā | 

na ca karma naśyati kadāci krtaṃ

phalu deti krṡṇaśubha saṃsarato || 

na ca śāśvataṃ na ca uccheda puno 

na ca karmasaṃcayu na cāpi sthiti: | 

na ca so’pi krtva punarāsprśati 

na ca anyu krtva puna vedayate || 

@096

na ca saṃkramo na ca punāgamanaṃ 

na ca sarvamasti na ca nāsti puna: | 

na ca drṡṭisthānagaṃtiśuddhiriha 

na ca sattvacārasupaśāntagati || 

anutpāda śānta animittapadaṃ 

sugatāna gocara jināna guṇā | 

bala dhāraṇī daśabalāna balaṃ 

buddhāniyaṃ vrṡabhitā paramā || 

[samādhirājasūtra-29.13-18]

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

pūrvaparīkṡā nāma navamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@097

@097

10 

agnīndhanaparīkṡā daśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yadidamuktaṃ tasmātkarmakārakavadeva upādānopādātrorapi na svābhāvikī 

siddhiriti, tadayuktam, sāpekṡāṇāmapi padārthānāṃ sasvābhāvyadarśanāt | tathā hi agni- 

rindhanamapekṡya bhavati | na ca ni:svabhāvo’gni:, tasya auṡṇyadāhakatvādisvabhāvakāryopa- 

lambhāt{1. ##P## uṡṇa^ ##for## auṡṇya^; ##Mss.## tasyāstu dāhakatvādisvabhāva^: ##T## dāhakatvasvabhāva^.} | evamagnimapekṡya indhanaṃ bhavati | na ca tanhni:svabhāvam, bāhyamahābhūtacatuṡṭaya- 

svabhāvatvāt | evamupādānasāpekṡo’pyupādātā svabhāvato bhaviṡyati, upādātrsāpekṡaṃ 

copādānamityagnīndhanavadetau bhaviṡyata upādānopādātārāviti | ucyate | syādeta- 

devam, yadi agnīndhane eva syātām, na tu sta: | katham ? iha yadi agnīndhane 

syātām, niyataṃ te ekatvena vā syātāmanyatvena vā ? ubhayathā tu na yujyata ityāha- 

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagnirekatvaṃ kartrkarmaṇo: | 

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyrte bhavet ||1|| 

tatra idhyate yat tadindhanam{2. ##Mss.## tadānīm ##for## tadindhanam.}, dāhyaṃ kāṡṭhādikasaṃbhūtam | tasya dagdhā kartā 

agni: | tatra yadi tāvad yadindhanaṃ sa evāgniriti parikalpyate, tadā kartrkarmaṇorekatvaṃ 

syāt | na caivaṃ drṡṭam, ghaṭakumbhakārayośchettrcchettavyayoścaikatvaprasaṅgāt, tasya cānabhyupa- 

mamāt | atha anyatvam, evamapi yadi indhanādanyo’gni: syāt, tadā indhananirapekṡa- 

syāgnerupalabdhi: syāt | na hi ghaṭādanya: paṭastannirapekṡo na drṡṭa: | na caivamindhana- 

nirapekṡo’gniriti na yuktametat ||1|| 

api ca | yadi indhanādanyo’gni: syāt, tadānīm- 

nityapradīpta eva syādapradīpanahetuka: | 

punarārambhavaiyarthyamevaṃ{3. ##Mss.## tadālambanavaiyathya ##for## punarārambhavaiyarthyam.} cākarmaka: sati ||2|| 

indhanātprthagbhūto’gniriṡyamāṇo nityapradīpta eva syāt, apradīpanahetukaśca 

syāt, punarārambhavaiyarthyaṃ ca syāt, evaṃ ca sati akarmaka eva syāt ||2|| 

amumevārthaṃ pratipādayitukāma āha- 

paratra nirapekṡatvādapradīpanahetuka: | 

punarārambhavaiyarthyaṃ nityadīpta: prasajyate ||3|| 

@098

iti | tatra pradīpyate taditi pradīpanamindhanam | pradīpanaṃ heturasyeti pradīpanahetuka:, na 

pradīpanahetuka: apradīpanahetuka: | yadi pradīpanādanyo’gni: syāt, tadā indhananirapekṡa: 

syāt | yo hi yasmādanya:, sa tannirapekṡo drṡṭa:, ghaṭādiva{1. ##T## ghaṭapaṭavat ##for## ghaṭādiva paṭa:} paṭa: | tataśca paratra 

nirapekṡatvādapradīpanahetuka: syāt, pradīpanasāpekṡasya hi agne: tadabhāve syānnirvāṇam | 

yadā tu pradīpananirapekṡa:, tadā nirvāṇapratyayavaikalyānnityapradīpta eva bhavet | nityapradīpte 

cāgnau sati agneraparinirvāṇārthaṃ cāsya upādānasaṃdhukṡaṇādikaṃ vyarthameva syāt | evaṃ ca 

sati akarmako’gni: kartā syāt | na ca avidyamānakarmakasya kartrtvaṃ vandhyāsutasyeva{2. ##Mss.## ^sutasya ca ##for## ^sutasyeva.} | 

tasmādindhanādagneranyatvamiti na yujyate ||3|| 

atrāha-yadetaduktam- 

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyrte bhavet | 

iti, tadayuktam | ihānyatve’pi sati agnīndhanayorna vinaiva indhanena agnerastitvam | 

yasmājjvālāparigato’rtho{3. ##Mss.## ^parigalito ##for## ^parigato. ##Our text is confirmed by T and similar passages below.##} 

dāhyatvalakṡaṇa: indhanam | tadāśrayeṇa ca agnirupalabhyate na 

prthak | yadā caitadevam, agnisaṃbandhādevendhanavyapadeśo bhavati, indhanāśrayeṇa cāgnirupa- 

labhyate na prthak , tadā anyaścedindhanādagnirityādidoṡaprasaṅgasya nāstyevāvasara iti | 

asya pask%asyāpyayuktatāmudbhāvayannāha- 

tatraitasmādidhyamānamindhanaṃ bhavatīti cet | 

kenedhyatāmindhanaṃ tattāvanmātramidaṃ yadā ||4|| 

yadi manyase jvālāparigato’rtho dāhyalakṡaṇa: indhanam, tadāśrayaścāgniriti, 

evamapi parikalpyamāne indhanamagnirdahatīti nopapadyate | yasmāt 

kenedhyatāmindhanaṃ tattāvanmātramidaṃ yadā | 

ihendhanamagnirdahatīti parikalpyamāne jvālāparigataṃ dāhyamindhanamiti, na 

caitadvyatirekeṇāparamagniṃ paśyāmo yenendhanaṃ dahyeta | yasmādetāvanmātramidamupalabhyate 

yaduta jvālāparigataṃ dāhyamātram | yadā caitadvyatirikto nāstyagni:, tadā kena tadindhanaṃ 

dāhyatām ? tāvanmātramidaṃ yadā, idhyamānamātramidaṃ yadetyartha: | tasmānnāgnirindhanaṃ 

dahati tadvyatiriktāgnyabhāvāt | yadā caivam, tadā kuta: kasyacijjvālāparigatiriti {4. ##Mss.## ^parigata iti ##for## ^parigatiriti.} 

sa eva doṡo na vepate{5. ##Note an unusual use of## na vepate ##for##  na gacchati ##or## tadavastha: eva.} ||4|| 

@099

api ca | anyatvābhyupagame’gnīndhanayoridhyamānavyapadeśābhāvātkuta idhyamāna- 

mindhanam, kuto vā indhanamagnirdhakṡyatīti pratipādayannāha- 

anyo na prāpsyate’prāpto na dhakṡyatyadahan puna: | 

na nirvāsyatyanirvāṇa: sthāsyate vā svaliṅgavān ||5|| 

yadi indhanādanyo’gni: syāt, so’nyatvādandhakāramivendhanaṃ na prāpnuyāt | na ca 

dhakṡyati aprāptatvādviprakrṡṭadeśāvasthitamivetyabhiprāya: | evaṃ ca idhyamānamindhanaṃ bhavatīti 

nopapannameva | tataśca agnernirvāṇa na syāt | anirvāṇaśca svaliṅgavāneva sthāsyati, 

pradīpta ityartha: | vāśabdo’vadhāraṇe draṡṭavyo vikalpārtho vā | svaliṅgavānena agni: 

sthāsyati, yadi vā nāstyanyatvamagnerindhanāditi | samuccaye vā | anyo na prāpsyati 

na dhakṡyati na ca nirvāsyati svaliṅgavāṃśca sthāsyati | tasmādayuktamindhanā- 

danyatvamagne: ||5|| 

atrāha-ayuktamagnīndhanayoranyatvam, yasmānna prāpsyate’prāpto na dhakṡyatyadahan 

punarityādi, tadayuktam| drṡṭā hi anyatve strīpuruṡayo: prāpti:, evamagnīndhanayorapi 

bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate- 

anya evendhanādagnirindhanaṃ prāpnuyādyadi | 

strī saṃprāpnoti puruṡaṃ puruṡaśca striyaṃ yathā ||6|| 

syādetadevam, yadi strīpuruṡavatparasparānapekṡā agnīndhanayo: siddhi: syāt ||6|| na tvastītyāha- 

anya evendhanādagnirindhanaṃ kāmamāpnuyāt | 

agnīndhane yadi syātāmanyonyena tiraskrte ||7|| 

na tvevaṃ saṃbhavati yadindhananirapekṡo’gni: syāt, agninirapekṡaṃ cendhanamiti | 

tasmād drṡṭāntavaiyarthyam | anyonyāpekṡādhīnajanmanāṃ{1. ##Mss. corrupt :## anyonyāpekṡāyorna janmanā. ##T## anyatve satyapi parasparāpek%ādhīnā 

jātā ye prāpakā: siddhasteṡāmeva,}  satyanyatve yeṡāṃ prāpti: siddhā, 

teṡāmeva drṡṭāntatvenopādānaṃ nyāyyaṃ syāt | te ca na saṃbhavantīti na yuktametadanyatve sati 

prāptirastīti ||7|| 

atrāha-yadyapi agnīndhanayo: strīpuruṡavatparasparanirapekṡā 

{2. ##Mss.## parasparāpekṡā ##for## parasparanirapekṡā.} siddhirnāsti, tathāpi 

parasparāpekṡā tāvadasti | tataśca astyevāgnīndhanayo: svarūpasiddhi: parasparasāpekṡatvāt | 

na hi avidyamānayorvandhyāputraduhitro: parasparāpekṡatā drṡṭeti | ucyate | evamapi- 

@100

yadīndhanamapekṡyāgnirapekṡyāgniṃ yadīndhanam | 

kataratpūrvaniṡpannaṃ yadapekṡyāgnirindhanam ||8|| 

asyendhanasya ayamagnirdāhaka: kartā, ityevaṃ yadi indhanamapekṡyāgnirvyavasthāpyate, 

asyāgneridamindhanaṃ karmetyevamagnimapekṡya yadīndhanam, tat kataradanayo: pūrvaniṡpannam ? 

kimindhanaṃ yadapekṡyāgni: syāt, uta agniryamapekṡyendhanaṃ syāt ? tatra yadi indhanaṃ 

pūrvaniṡpannamiti kalpyate, tadayuktam, agninirapekṡasya anidhyamānasyendhanatvābhāvāt, 

trṇāde: sarvasya caiva indhanatvaprasaṅgāt | atha pūrvamagni: paścādindhanamiti, tadapyayuktam, 

indhanātpūrvasiddhasyāgnerasaṃbhavāt, nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt, paścāccāpekṡayā niṡprayojanatvāt | 

tasmānnāsti atra kiṃcitpūrvasiddhaṃ yadapekṡya itarasya siddhi: syāt ||8|| 

athāpi manyase-pūrvamindhanaṃ paścādagniriti, evamapi 

yadīndhanamapekṡyāgniragne: siddhasya sādhanam | 

bhaviṡyati | yadi indhanamapekṡyāgnirbhaviṡyatīti parikalpyate, evaṃ tarhi siddhasya sato’gne: 

punarapi sādhanaṃ syāt | vidyamānasyaiva padārthasya siddharūpasyāpekṡā yujyate | na hi 

avidyamāno devadatto grhe kaṃcidapekṡate | evaṃ yadi agnirvidyamāno na syāt, nāsā- 

vindhanamapekṡate | tasmādastitvamagnerabhyupeyam | tadā ca kimasya indhanasyāpekṡayā puna: 

kartavyam ? na hi siddho’gni: punarindhanena kartavyo yadarthamindhanāpekṡāsāphalyaṃ syāt | 

tasmādindhanamapekṡyāgnirbhavatīti na yuktam | api ca | yadi indhanamapekṡyāgnirbhavatīti 

parikalpyate- 

evaṃ satīndhanaṃ cāpi bhaviṡyati niragnikam ||9|| 

yadi indhanamasiddhaṃ syāt, naiva tadagninā apekṡyeta, asiddhasyāpekṡāyogāt | 

tasmānniragnikasyendhanasya siddhirabhyupeyā, na caivametaditi na yuktametaditi ||9|| 

atha matam-yaugapadyenaiva indhanasiddhyā agnisiddhi:, agnisiddhyā ca indhana- 

siddhi: | tataśca ekasyāpi pūrvasiddhyanabhyupagamāt, tatra yaduktam- 

kataratpūrvaniṡpannaṃ yadapekṡyāgnirindhanam | 

iti, tadayuktamiti | ucyate | evamapīṡyamāṇe ubhayasyāpi nāsti siddhi: | yasmāt- 

yo’pekṡya sidhyate bhāvastamevāpekṡya sidhyati | 

yadi yo’pekṡitavya: sa sidhyatāṃ kamapekṡya ka: ||10|| 

tatra yadi ya: agnyākhyo bhāva: yamindhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṡya sidhyati, indhanākhyaśca 

bhāva: yo’gninā ātmasiddhyarthamapekṡitavya:, sa yadi tameva agnyākhyaṃ padārthamapekṡya 

sidhyati, kathyatāmidānīṃ sidhyatāṃ kamapekṡya ka: iti | yadā ca agnyabhāve sati


[catu:śataka-10.3] 

iti || 11 || 

@101

indhanasya siddhireva nāsti, tadā akāraṇasyendhanasyābhāvāt kutastaddhetuko’gni: 

pasetsyati ? evaṃ ya indhanākhyo bhāva: yamagnyākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṡya sidhyati, agnyākhyaśca 

bhāvo ya: indhanākhyena ātmasiddhyarthamapekṡitavya:, sa yadi tamevendhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṡya 

sidhyati, kathyatāṃ kimidānīṃ sidhyatāṃ kamapekṡya ka: iti | yadā hi indhanābhāve sati 

agne: siddhirnāsti, tadā niṡkāraṇasyāgnerabhāvāt kutastaddhetukamindhanam ? ||10|| 

itaśca agnīndhanayo: parasparāpekṡayāpi siddhirasatī, siddhāsiddhayorapekṡā- 

bhāvāditi pratipādayannāha- 

yo’pekṡya sidhyate bhāva: so’siddho’pekṡate katham | 

athāpyapekṡate siddhastvapekṡāsya na yujyate ||11|| 

yo hi agnyākhyo bhāva: indhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṡya sidhyati, sa: asiddho vā 

indhanamapekṡate siddho vā ? yadi asiddha:, tadā asiddhatvāt kharaviṡāṇavannendhanamapekṡeta | 

atha siddha:, siddhatvāt kimasyendhanāpekṡayā ? na hi siddhaṃ punarapi sādhyate vaiyarthyāt | 

evamindhane’pi vācyam | tasmānnāgnīndhanayo: parasparāpekṡayā yaugapadyena vā 

siddhiriti ||11|| 

yataścaivam, tasmāt- 

apekṡyendhanamagnirna 

atha syāt-anapekṡyāgnistarhi bhaviṡyatīti | etadapi na yuktamityāha- 

nānapekṡyāgnirindhanam | 

anyatvapratiṡedhādahetukatvaprasaṅgācca | yathā ca agnirapekṡya vā anapekṡya vā 

indhanaṃ na saṃbhavati, evamindhanamapītyāha- 

apekṡyendhanamagniṃ na nānapekṡyāgnimindhanam ||12|| 

etacca anantarameva gatārthatvānna punarucyate ||12|| 

atrāha-kimanayā asmākamatisūkṡmekṡikayā prayojanam, ye vayaṃ brūma:- 

yasmādagninā idhyamānamindhanaṃ pratyakṡata upalabhyate, tasmātte eva agnīndhane iti | 

ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi agnirindhanaṃ dahet{1. ##After## dahet ##T adds## na tu dahati, tathā.} | yadi indhane’gni: saṃbhavet, sa indhanaṃ 

dahet | na tu saṃbhavatītyāha- 

āgacchatyanyato nāgnirindhane’gnirna vidyate | 

indhanavyatiriktāttāvatkutaścidanyato’gnerāgamanaṃ nāsti, tasya adrṡṭatvāt | 

nirindhanasya cāhetukasyāgnerāgamanābhāvāt, sendhanasya cāgamane prayojanābhāvāt, 

@102

tatrāpi cendhane tulyaparyanuyogāt, anavasthāprasaṅgācca āgacchatyanyato nāgni: | tathā 

indhane’pyagnirna saṃbhavati tatrānupalabhyamānatvāt || 

atha syāt-vidyamānasyāpi mūlodakādivadabhivyañjakapratyayavaikalyātpūrvamanupa- 

labhyamānatvam, araṇinigharṡaṇādabhivyañjakapratyayasaṃbhavāttu paścādupalabdhiriti | idameva 

tāvatsaṃpradhāryate-kiṃ punarmūlodakādīnāmabhivyañjakai: pratyayai: kriyata iti | tatra 

svarūpaṃ tāvanna kriyate vidyamānatvāt | abhivyakti: kriyata iti cet, keyama- 

bhivyaktirnāma ? prakāśateti cet, evaṃ tarhi saiva kriyate pūrvamavidyamānatvādasyā: | 

satkāryavādatyāgaścaivaṃ jāyate abhivyakte: pūrvamavidyamānatvātpaścācca bhāvāt | svarūpasya 

cotpattipratyayanirapekṡatvātkhapuṡpavadabhivyaktipratyayasāpekṡatāpi na syāt | api ca | 

iyamabhivyaktirabhivyaktasya vā bhāvasya parikalpyeta anabhivyaktasya vā ? tatra tāvad 

yadabhivyaktaṃ tannābhivyajyate, tasyābhivyaktivaiyarthyāt aniṡṭadoṡaprasaṅgācca | anabhi- 

vyaktamapi nābhivyajyate khapuṡpavadanabhivyaktatvāt{1. ##Mss.## ^vadabhivyaktatvāt ##for## ^vadanabhivyaktatvāt.} | ityevamabhivyaktirna saṃbhavati || 

athāpi syāt-vidyamānasyaiva pratyayai: sthaulyaṃ kriyate iti, evamapi yadeva 

sthaulyaṃ pūrvaṃ nāstīti tadeva kriyata iti kuta: sthaulyāpādanamabhivyakti: ? saukṡmyasya{2. ##Mss.## sthaulyasya. ##Our text is based on T.##} 

ca nirhetukasyāsaṃbhavāt kasya sthūlatāpādanādabhivyakti: syāditi | tadevaṃ sarvathā indhane 

agnerna saṃbhava iti indhane’gnirna vidyate | na cāvidyamānāgninā indhanasya dahanamupajāyate 

ityasatyamevaitadupalabhate bhavān || 

api ca | yathā pūrvaṃ gatāgatagamyamānānāṃ dūṡaṇamuktam- 

atrendhane śeṡamuktaṃ gamyamānagatāgatai: ||13|| 

agninā indhanaṃ dahyamānamupalabhyate ityatra indhanaprastāve śeṡaṃ dūṡaṇaṃ gamyamāna- 

gatāgatadūṡaṇena veditavyam, uktapāṭhaviparyayeṇa- 

dagdhaṃ na dahyate tāvadadagdhaṃ naiva dahyate | 

dagdhādagdhavinirmuktaṃ dahyamānaṃ na dahyate || 

ityādinā | yata evam, ato nāstyagninā indhanasya dahanamiti veditavyam ||13|| 

idānīṃ yathopapāditamarthaṃ nigamayannāha- 

indhanaṃ punaragnirna nāgniranyatra cendhanāt | 

nāgnirindhanavānnāgnāvindhanāni na teṡu sa: ||14|| 

tatra 

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagnirekatvaṃ kartrkarmaṇo: | 

@103

bhavet, ityanena agnīndhanayorekatvapratiṡedhāt 

indhanaṃ punaragnirna, 

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyrte bhavet | 

ityādinā anyatvasya pratiṡedhāt 

nāgniranyatra cendhanāt | 

tattvānyatvobhayapakṡapratiṡedhādeva tadvatpakṡādhārādheyapakṡāṇāmapyarthata: pratiṡiddhatvāttānapi{1. ##Mss.## tāmapi gamayan. ##Our reading is confirmed by T.##} 

nigamayannāha- 

nāgnirindhanavānnāgnāvindhanāni na teṡu sa: | 

iti | tatrāgnirindhanavānna bhavati | indhanamasyāsmin vā vidyata iti vyatirekeṇa vā 

vyutpādena avyatirekeṇa vā | tatra vyatirekeṇa-tadyathā gomān devadatta: | avyati- 

rakeṇa-buddhimān devadatto rūpavānityādi | agnīndhanayośca pakṡadvayasyāpi pratiṡiddha- 

tvādindhanavānagniriti pratiṡedho vihita | anyacca | kuṇḍaṃ dadhna ādhāratāṃ pratipadyate | 

na cendhanādanyatvamagnerastīti nāgnāvindhanānīti yujyate | nāpi indhane’styagni:, 

anyatvapratiṡedhāditi | evamādhārādheyatāpratiṡedho’pyarthata upapādita eva ||14|| 

yathā cāgni: pañcadhā vicāryamāṇo na saṃbhavati, evamātmāpi, ityatidiśannāha- 

agnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāta ātmopādānayo: krama: | 

sarvo niravaśeṡeṇa 

tatra upādīyate ityupādānaṃ{2. ##Mss.## ityupādānam | yaścopādānaskandhāṃstānupādāya. ##Our reading is based on T.##} pañcopādānaskandhā: | yastānupādāya prajñapyate, sa 

upādātā grahītā niṡpādaka ātmetyucyate | ahaṃkāraviṡayatvādāhita{3. ##Mss.## ādita ##for## āhita.} utpādito’haṃ- 

māno’sminniti | tadasyātmana upādānasya ca ya: karma: siddhi:, sa sarvo’gnīndhanābhyāṃ 

vyapyāto’vagantavyo niravaśeṡeṇa || 

ka: puna: sarvasya niravaśeṡasya ca bheda: ? sarvagrahaṇenaiva pañca pakṡā: samanantara- 

prakāntā abhisabadhyante | sarve ete pañcāpi pakṡā: agnīndhanavadātmopādānayorapya- 

vikalā ḍhaukanīyā: | yaścaiṡāṃ pratipādane upapattikrama: prāgupavarṇita:, tena niravaśeṡeṇa 

mātmopādānayo: pratiṡedho veditavya: | ityanena sarvātmanā pratiṡedhasāmyamagnīndhanābhyā 
mātmopādānayorveditavyamityupadarśanārthaṃ sarvo niravaśeṡeṇetyāha | tatra yadevopādānaṃ sa 

eva ātmā, ityevaṃ kartrkarmaṇorekatvaprasaṅgānna yujyate | nāpyanyadupādānamanya upādātā, 

skandhavyatirekeṇāpyātmopalabdhiprasaṅgāt, paratra nirapekṡatvādityādiprasaṅgācca | ekatvā- 

@104

nyatvapratiṡedhācca skandhavānapyātmā na bhavati | anyatvābhāvācca nātmani skandhā na 

skandheṡvātmā | yata evaṃ pañcasu prakāreṡu ātmano na sattvam, tasmātkarmakārakavadeva 

ātmopādānayo: parasparāpekṡikī siddhiriti sthitam || 

yaścāyamātmopādānayo: karma:, sa nānayoreva, kiṃ tarhi- 

sārdhaṃ ghaṭapaṭādibhi: ||15|| 

niravaśeṡai: padārthai: sarvathā vyākhyāto veditavya: | ghaṭādayo hi kāryakāraṇabhūta 

avayavāvayavibhūtā lakṡaṇalakṡyabhūtā guṇaguṇibhūtā vā syu: | tatra mrddaṇḍacakrasūtrasalila- 

kulālakaravyāyāmādayo ghaṭasya kāraṇabhūtā:, ghaṭa: kāryabhūta: | kappālādayo nīlādayo 

vā avayavabhūtā:, ghaṭo’vayavī | prthubudhnalambauṡṭhadīrghagrīvatvādīni lakṡaṇāni, ghaṭo lakṡya: | 

śyāmatvādayo guṇā:, ghaṭo guṇī | ityevaṃ vyavasthāpya agnīndhanavat kramo yojya: | eṡāṃ 

ca ghaṭādīnāmātmopādānayośca madhyamakāvatāraprakaraṇād vyākhyānamavaseyam ||15|| 

tadevaṃ karmakārakavadātmopādānayorghaṭādīnāṃ ca parasparāpekṡikyāṃ siddhau vyava- 

sthitāyāṃ tathāgatavacanāviparītārthāvabodhābhimānitayā tīrthyamatopakalpitapadārthavyavasthāṃ 

saugatapravacanārthatvenopanīya atimūḍhatayā- 

ātmanaśca satattvaṃ ye bhāvānāṃ ca prthakprthak | 

nirdiśanti na tānmanye śāsanasyārthakovidān ||16|| 

tatra saha tena vartata iti satat, satato bhāva: satattvam, aprthaktvam, ananyatvam, 

ekatvamityartha: | tadetat{1. ##T## tadatra ##for## tadetat.} satattvaṃ ye varṇayanti, na tānācārya: śāsanārthapaṇḍitān 

manyate | tadyathā-ātmā upādānena prajñapyate yena, sahaiva tenopādānena saṃbhavati | 

sa na prthak | avyatirekeṇaiva bhavatītyartha: | evaṃ yena kāraṇena mrdādinā ghaṭa: prajñapyate, 

tadavyatirekeṇaiva sa bhavati, na prthak | evamātmano bhāvānāṃ ca satattvaṃ ye varṇayanti, na te 

paramagambhīrasya pratītyasamutpādasya śāśvatocchedarahitasya upādāyaprajñaptyabhidhānasya 

tattvaṃ paśyanti | prthak prthak ca ye nirdiśanti, prthagityātmānam, prthagupādānam, prthak 

kāryam, prthak kāraṇama, ityādinā anyatvaṃ paśyanti, amūnapi na śāsanasyārthakovidā- 

nācāryo manyate | yathoktam- 

ekatvānyatvarahitaṃ pratiśrutkopamaṃ jagat | 

saṃkrāntimāsādya{2. ##Mss. corrupt. Our reading is conjectural. T suggests## saṃkrāntivyayarahitam ##or## ^vyayavigatam.} gataṃ buddhavāṃstvamanindita: || 

[nirupamastava-13] 

@105

evaṃ ca agnīndhanaparīkṡayā adhigatadharmatattvaparamasya yogina: kalpenākālā- 

lipsitairapi{1. ##T## yugāntajvālābhirvā ##for## akālālipsitairapi.} naiva vapurdahyate rāgadveṡamohahutāśanairapi vā iti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

yatha gagaṇu na jātu dagdhapūrvaṃ 

subahubhi kalpaśatairhi dahyamānam | 

gaganasama vijānamāna dharmān 

{2. ##Mss.## te’pi ##for## so’pi. ##T##

 vacavana na dahyati jātu so’gnimadhye ##for the line,##} so’pi na dahyati jātu sāgnimadhye || 

sarvi hi jvalamāṇi buddhakṡetre 

praṇidhi karoti samādhiye sthihitvā | 

jvalata ayu praśāmyatāmaśeṡa 

prthivi vinaśyipi naivasyānyathātvam || 

tathā- 

araṇiṃ yatha cottarāraṇiṃ 

hastavyāyāmu trayebhi saṃgati: | 

iti pratyayato’gni jāyate 

jātu krtu kārya laghū nirudhyate || 

atha paṇḍitu kaści mārgate 

kuta ayamāgatu kutra yāti vā | 

vidiśo diśa sarvi mārgato 

nāgatirnāsya gatiśca labhyati || 

skandhāyatanāni dhātava: 

śūnya ādhyātmika śūnya bāhirā: | 

sarvātmaviviktanālayā 

dharma ākāśasabhāvalakṡaṇā: || 

imu īdrśa dharmalakṡaṇā 

buddha dīpaṃkaradarśane tvayā | 

anubuddha yatha tvayātmanā 

tatha bodhehi sadevamānuṡān || 

@106

viparīta abhūtakalpitai 

rāgadoṡai: paridahyate jagat | 

krpameghaśamāmbuśītalāṃ 

muñca dhārāmamrtasya nāyaka || 

[lalitavistara-13.108, 115-119] 

iti vistara: || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

agnīndhanaparīkṡā nāma daśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@107

11

pūrvāparakoṭiparīkṡā ekādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva ātmā, saṃsārasadbhāvāt | yadi hi ātmā na syāt, kasya 

pañcagatike{1. ##P## pāñca^ ##for## pañca^ ##against Mss.##} ājavaṃjavībhāvena janmamaraṇaparaṃparayā saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt ? uktaṃ hi bhagavatā- 

anavarāgro hi bhikṡavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāra iti | avidyānīvaraṇānāṃ{2. ##P## ^nivaraṇānāṃ ##for## ^nīvaraṇānāṃ.} satvānāṃ 

trṡṇāsaṃyojanānāṃ trṡṇāgaṇḍurabaddhānāṃ saṃsaratāṃ pūrvā koṭirna prajñāyata iti | yadā ca 

bhagavadupadeśātsaṃsāro’sti, tadā saṃsartāpyasti | sa ca ātmā ucyata iti | ucyate | 

syādātmā, yadā saṃsāra eva syāt | katham ? yasmādasya- 

pūrvā prajñāyate koṭirnetyuvāca mahāmuni: | 

saṃsāro’navarāgro hi nāsyādirnāpi paścimam ||1|| 

koṭirbhāgo deśa iti paryāyā: | pūrvā koṭi: pūrvo deśa ityartha: | yadi hi saṃsāro 

nāma kaścit syāt, niyataṃ tasya pūrvamapi syāt, paścimamapi, ghaṭādīnāmiva | uktaṃ 

na bhagavatā-anavarāgro hi bhikṡavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāra iti | yadeva avarāgre{3. ##Mss. corrupt :## yadeva śata: ##for## anavarāgre na sta:. ##T seems to suggest :## yasmādevaṃ 

saṃsāro’navarāgra ukta:, tasmātsaṃsāra eva nāsti.} na 

sta:, saṃsārasya anavarāgravacanāt, saṃsāra eva nāstīti nanu spaṡṭamādeśayāmāsa bhagavān | 

tasmānnāsti saṃsāra:, pūrvāparakoṭyanupalambhāt, alātacakravat, iti sthitam || 

atredaṃ vicāryate-yadi pūrvaṃ cāparaṃ ca saṃsārasya niṡiddhaṃ bhagavatā, kathaṃ punarida- 

māha-tasmāttarhi saṃsārakṡayāya pratipatsyāmaha ityevaṃ vo bhikṡava: śikṡitavyam, iti ? 

ucyate | avidyānīvaraṇānāṃ sattvānāmityādiviśeṡaṇopādānātteṡāmevāyamanavarāgra: 

saṃsāra iti pratīyate, na punastattvajñānānilabalāt samunmūlitāvidyānīvaraṇatarūṇām | 

teṡāṃ tu lokottaramārgajñānāgninā dagdhāśeṡakleśavāsanāmūlani:śeṡapādapānāṃ bhavatyeva 

anta: iti vijñeyam || 

kathaṃ punarādirahitānāmantopadeśa iti yāvat | drṡṭametad bāhyeṡu vrīhyādiṡu 

prādyabhāve’pi dahanādisaṃparkādantasadbhāva: | yathoktamāryadevapādai:- 

yathā bījasya drṡṭo’nto na cādistasya vidyate | 

tathā kāraṇavaikalyājjanmano’pi na saṃbhava: || iti | 

[catu:śataka-8.25] 

@108

sa ca antopadeśo laukika eva vyavahāre sthitvā saṃsāracārakāvabaddhānāmutsāha- 

nārthaṃ sattvānāṃ deśito laukikajñānāpekṡayā | vastukacintāyāṃ{1. ##Mss.## avastuka^ ##for## vastuka^ ##which is based on T.##} tu saṃsāra eva nāsti, 

tatkuto’sya parikṡaya: ? pradīpāvasthāyāṃ rajjūragaparikṡayavat{2. ##T om.## rajjūraga-
parisk%ayavat,} || 

atrāha-yadyevaṃ laukikajñānāpekṡayā antavad ādirapi kiṃ nocyate ? ucyate | 

ahetukadoṡaprasaṅgāt laukikajñānāpekṡayāpi saṃsārasyāderabhāva ityubhayathāpyāderabhāva 

eveti vijñeyam ||1|| 

atrāha yadyapi avarāgre na sta: saṃsārasya, tathāpi madhyamasti, apratiṡedhāt | 

tataśca asti saṃsāro madhyasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya madhyamasti tadyathā kūrma- 

romaprāvaraṇasyeti | hāsya: khalvasi | nanu ca bho:, 

naivāgraṃ nāvaraṃ yasya tasya madhyaṃ kuto bhavet | 

agramiti ādi:, pūrvam, prathamam ucyate | avaramiti avasānam, anta:, 

vyavaccheda: ucyate | yasya saṃsārasya ādirantaśca pratiṡiddha:, tasya kuto madhyaṃ bhaviṡyati ? 

tataśca saṃjñāmātrakameva viparyāsaparavaśamānasānāṃ saṃsāra: ādimadhyāvasānavirahita- 

tvādākāśavadalātacakrādivaditi bhāva: | saṃsārābhāvācca nāsti ātmeti | yata evaṃ 

saṃsārasyādimadhyāvasānāni na santi, ata eva saṃsārābhāvājjātijarāmaraṇādīnāṃ 

pūrvāparasahakramā api naiva santītyāha- 

tasmānnātropadyante pūrvāparasahakramā: ||2|| 

yathā ca nopapadyante tathā pratipādayannāha- 

pūrvaṃ jātiryadi bhavejjarāmaraṇamuttaram | 

nirjarāmaraṇā jātirbhavejjāyeta cāmrta: ||3|| 

yadi pūrvaṃ jātirbhavet, tadā maraṇasahitā syāt | na ca jarādirahitā jātiryujyate, 

asaṃskrtatvaprasaṅgāt | jarāmaraṇarahitasya bhāvasya jātau parikalpyamānāyāmanyatra 

amrtasyaiva devadattasya prathamamiha jāti: parikalpyamānā syāt | tataśca ādimān 

saṃsāra: syādahetukadoṡaśca | abhūvamatītamadhvānam, ityevaṃ pūrvāntakalpanā ca na syāt | 

abhūtvā ca pūrvaṃ paścādihotpāda: syāt || 

atha syāt-āmrādīnāṃ{3. ##Mss.## amra, asra, agra. ##P## amra ##for## āmra, ##which is based on T.##} yathā pūrvaṃ vināpi jarāmaraṇasaṃbandhāt prathamameva 

utpādo drṡṭa:, evamātmano’pīti | naivam | sādhyasamatvāt | āmrādīnāmapi hi svabīja- 

nirodhe samutpadyamānatvāt nānyatrāvinaṡṭānāmutpāda iti samametat pūrveṇa || 

@109

atha syāt-anyadeva vrkṡādvījam, ato’nyatrāvināśapūrvaka eva vrkṡasyotpāda 

iti naivam | kāryakāraṇayoranyatvasyāsiddhatvāt | tathā ca vakṡyati- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam || 

[madhyamakaśāstra-18.10] 

na ca bījādvrkṡasyānyatvam | ata: sādhyasamametat | yataśca anyatrāmrtasya 

ihotpādo nāsti, na pūrvaṃ jātirabhyupeyā ||3|| 

atha pūrvaṃ jarāmaraṇam, paścājjāti:, evamapi- 

paścājjātiryadi bhavejjarāmaraṇamādita: | 

ahetukamajātasya syājjarāmaraṇaṃ katham ||4|| 

jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇamiti vacanājjātihetukaṃ jarāmaraṇamuktaṃ bhagavatā | yadi 

etatpūrvaṃ syāttadā nirhetukaṃ syāt | tasmānna yuktametat | yato’pyuktam- 

yatha{1. ##This quotation, taken from a Prakrit text, is not yet traced. The 

Mss. are corrupt for this stanza and also for the following. Even P 

gives incorrect readings. P## kṡepa: ##for## utkṡepa:.} ukkhitte loḍhammi ukkheve atthi kāraṇaṃ | 

paḍane kāraṇaṃ ṇatthi aṇṇaṃ ukkhevakāraṇā || iti | 

yathāpyatrotkṡepa: patanakāraṇaṃ nānyat, evamihāpi jātimeva kāraṇatvena vinā- 

śasya varṇayāmo nānyat, iti nāstyahetukatā vināśasya | jātihetukatvāccāsyodga- 

manameva vināśasya heturiti krtvā eṡāpi gāthā sunītā bhavati- 

evime{2. ##P reads## dhammā:, sakāraṇā:, 

dhammānā ##and## samudgatā: ##which go against Prakrit idiom.##} saṃkhatā dhammā saṃbhavanti sakāraṇā | 

sa bhāva eva dhammāṇaṃ yaṃ vibhonti samuggatā || 

iti ||4|| 

idānīṃ sahabhāvenāpi jātijarāmaraṇānāmasadbhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha- 

na jarāmaraṇenaiva jātiśca saha yujyate | 

mriyeta jāyamānaśca syāccāhetukatobhayo: ||5|| 

yadi sahabhāvo jātijarāmaraṇānāṃ syāt, tadā jāyamānasya maraṇaṃ syāt | na 

caitadyuktam | na ca parasparaviruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekakālatā yuktā | na caivaṃ loke 

@110

drṡṭaṃ yajjāyamāna eva mriyate iti | api ca | ahetukatvaṃ jātyādīnāṃ sahabhāvakalpanāyāṃ 

syāt | na hi sahabhūtayo: savyetaragoviṡāṇayoranyonyahetukatā drṡṭeti na yuktametat ||5|| 

tadevam- 

yatra na prabhavantyete pūrvāparasahakramā: | 

prapañcayanti tāṃ jātiṃ tajjarāmaraṇaṃ ca kim ||6||

yasyāṃ jātau yatra jarāmaraṇe ete pūrvāparasahakramā: na santi, tāṃ jātimanupa- 

labhamānā āryā: kiṃ prapañcayanti ? kiṃśabdo’saṃbhave | naiva prapañcayantītyartha: | athavā | 

evamavidyamāneṡu jātyādiṡu tāṃ jātimavidyamānāṃ bālā: kiṃ prapañcayanti tacca jarāmaraṇaṃ 

yanna saṃvidyate ? tasmādavastuka eva bālānāṃ prapañca ityabhiprāya: ||6|| 

yathā ca saṃsārasya pūrvā koṭirnāsti, evamanyeṡāmapi bhāvānāmityāha- 

kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ caiva lakṡyaṃ lakṡaṇameva ca | 

vedanā vedakaścaiva santyarthā ye ca kecana ||7|| 

pūrvā na vidyate koṭi: saṃsārasya na kevalam | 

sarveṡāmapi bhāvānāṃ pūrvā koṭirna{1. ##P## koṭī na ##for## koṭirna.} vidyate ||8|| 

tatra yadi pūrvaṃ kāraṇaṃ paścātkāryaṃ syāt, akāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ nirhetukaṃ syāt | atha 

pūrvaṃ kāryaṃ paścātkāraṇam, evamapi kāraṇātpūrvaṃ kāryaṃ nirhetukameva syāt | atha 

yugapatkāryakāraṇe syātām, evamubhayamapyahetuka syāt | evaṃ lakṡyalakṡaṇe vedanāvedakau ca 

yojyau | na ca kevalaṃ saṃsārasya vyākhyānena kāryakāraṇādikaṃ vyākhyātaṃ veditavyam, 

api ca ye’pyanye padārthā jñānajñeyapramāṇaprameyasādhanasādhyāvayavāvayaviguṇaguṇyādaya:,

teṡāmapi pūrvā koṭirna vidyata iti yojyam || ata eva āryaratnameghasūtre āryasarva- 

nīvaraṇaviṡkambhiṇā mahābodhisattvena bhagavān stuta:- 

ādiśāntā hyanutpannā: prakrtyaiva ca nirvrtā: | 

dharmāste vivrtā nātha dharmacakrapravartane || iti || 

tathā- 

ādita śūnya anāgata dharmā 

no gata{2. ##Mss.## nāgata ##for## no gata ##which reading is confirmed by T.##} asthita sthānaviviktā: | 

nityamasāraka māyasabhāvā: 

śuddha viśuddha nabhopama sarvi || 

@111

yaṃ ca pabhāṡati dharma jinasya{1. ##Mss.## janasyo ##for## jinasya ##which is confirmed by T.##} 

taṃ ca na paśyati so’kṡayatāya | 

ādinirātma nisattvimi dharmā- 

stāṃśca ca pabhāṡati no ca kṡapeti{2. ##Mss.## kṡayeti ##for## kṡapeti.} | 

kalpita vuccati kalpitamātraṃ 

antu na labhyati saṃsaramāṇe | 

koṭi alakṡaṇa yā puri āsī- 

deti anāgati pratyayatāye || 

karma kriyā ca pravartati evaṃ 

hīna{3. ##T## madhyama^ ##for## hīna^.} utkrṡṭatayā samudenti | 

jaḍḍaka{4. ##Mss.## jaḍḍaka; ##for## jaḍḍaka; ##Text :## vivikta ##against## jātaku, jaddaka, jantuka ##in Mss.##} dharma sadā prakrtoye 

śūnya nirātma vijānatha sarvān || 

[samādhirāja sūtra-37.18,24,32-33]

ityādi ||7-8||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

pūrvāparakoṭiparīkṡā nāmaikādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@112

12

du:khaparīkṡā dvādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva ātmā, tatsaṃbandhidu:khasadbhāvāt | iha pañcopādānaskandhā 

du:khamityucyate, tacca asti, tena ca du:khena kasyacidbhavitavyaṃ na nirāśrayeṇeti, ato 

vidyata eva du:khasyāśraya:, sa cātmeti | ucyate | syādātmā yadi du:khabheva syāt | 

taddhi bhavet svayaṃ krtaṃ vā parakrtaṃ vā ubhayakrtaṃ vā heturahitaṃ vā | sarvathā ca iṡyamāṇaṃ 

tatkāryameva nāstīti pratipādayannāha- 

svayaṃ krtaṃ parakrtaṃ dvābhyāṃ krtamahetukam | 

du:khamityeka icchanti tacca kāryaṃ na yujyate ||1|| 

tatraike vādina: svayaṃ krtaṃ du:khamiti pratipannā: | apare puna: parakrtam, anye ca 

ubhayakrtam | kecidahetusamutpannameva du:khamiti pratipannā: | sarvathā ca taddu:khamiṡyamāṇaṃ 

kārya kartavyaṃ na yujyate, tadetatpratijñāmātrakamiti ||1|| 

tatpratipādayannāha- 

svayaṃ krtaṃ yadi bhavetpratītya na tato bhavet | 

skandhānimānamī{1. ##P suggests## skandhānamūnamī skandhā: ##for## skandhānimānamī skandhā:.} skandhā: saṃbhavanti pratītya hi ||2|| 
yasmādimān {2. ##T presentws 

here a passage which our Mss. do not give; that passage however 
seems to be necessary to explain the first line of the## kārikā. ##Here is
 P’s rendering of T in Sanskrit;## tatra svayamiti svātmanā ityartha: | yadi svayaṃ 

du:khaṃ krtaṃ bhavet, tenaiva du:khasvarūpeṇa tadeva du:khasvarūpaṃ krtaṃ syāt | tasmātpratītyasamutpannaṃ na 

syāt ityartha: | svarūpasadbhāvāt | abhāvādeva svarūpaṃ na kārakamasti tatpratītyasamutpannameva | 

tadyathā-skandhānamūnime skandhā: saṃbhavanti pratītya hi | yasmānmaraṇakālikānamūn.} maraṇāntikān skandhān pratītya ime aupapattyāṃśikā: skandhā 

utpadyante, tasmātsvayaṃ krtaṃ du:khamiti nopapadyate ||2|| 

idānīṃ parakrtamapi du:khaṃ yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

yadyamībhya ime’nye syurebhyo vāmī pare yadi | 

bhavetparakrtaṃ du:khaṃ parairebhiramī krtā: ||3|| 

@113

yadā amībhyo maraṇāntikebhya: skandhebhya: ime aupapattyāṃśikā: skandhā anye 

syu:, ebhyo vā aupapattyāṃśikebhya: amī maraṇāntikā: skandhā: pare syu:, syāttadānīṃ 

parakrtaṃ du:kham | na caiṡāmanyatvaṃ drṡṭaṃ hetuphalasaṃbandhāvasthānāt{1. ##T## saṃbandhasthānābhāvāt.} | vakṡyati hi- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeta tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam || iti | 

[madhyamakaśāstra-18.10] 

ata: parakrtamapi du:khaṃ na saṃbhavati | yadi hi anyatvaṃ syāt, tadā sati anyatve 

etai: parabhūtai: skandhairamī{2. ##T## ime ##for## amī.} parabhūtā: krtā iti yuktaṃ vaktuṃ syāt | na caitadevam | iti 

parakrtamapi du:khaṃ na saṃbhavati ||3|| 

atha syāt-na brūmo yasmāddu:khenaiva du:khaṃ krtam, ata: svayaṃ krtamiti | kiṃ 

tarhi svapudgalena yasmātsvayameva krtam, nāpareṇa krtvā dattam, ityata: svayaṃ krtaṃ 

du:khamiti brūma: | ucyate- 

svapudgalakrtaṃ du:khaṃ yadi du:khaṃ punarvinā | 

svapudgala: sa katamo yena du:khaṃ svayaṃ krtam ||4|| 

yadetanmanuṡyadu:khaṃ pañcopādānaskandhalakṡaṇaṃ svayaṃ pudgalena krtamiti parikalpyate, 

kalpyatāmasau pudgalo yena taddu:khaṃ svayaṃ krtam | yadi tāvadyena du:khena svapudgala: 

prajñapyate, tadeva du:khaṃ tena krtamiti, sa bhedena{3. ##Mss.## hedena ##or## dehena ##for## bhedena.} kathyatāmidaṃ taddu:khamayamasya karteti | 

athāpi manuṡyadu:khopādānena pudgalena tadeva du:khaṃ krtaṃ syāt, na tarhi svapudgalakrtaṃ tat, 

parapudgalakrtameva syāt | athopādānabhede’pi pudgalābheda iṡyate, etacca nāsti, 

upādānavyatiriktasya bhinnasya pudgalasya darśayitumaśakyatvāt | evaṃ tāvat svapudgala- 

krtaṃ du:khaṃ na bhavati ||4|| 

atrāha ka evamāha svapudgalakrtaṃ du:khamiti ? kiṃ tarhi parapudgalajaṃ du:kham | 

anya eva devadu:khānmanuṡyapudgala:, manuṡyapudgalaśca devadu:khaṃ krtvā yasmāddevapudgalāya 

dadāti, tena ca devadu:khena devapudgala: prajñapyate, tasmāttasya pudgalasya taddu:khaṃ para- 

pudgalajameva bhavati | ucyate- 

parapudgalajaṃ du:khaṃ yadi yasmai pradīyate | 

pareṇa krtvā taddu:khaṃ{4. ##Mss.## yaddu:khaṃ ##for## taddu:khaṃ. ##Our reading is based on T and Com.##} sa du:khena vinā kuta: ||5|| 

@114

yadi devadu:khaṃ manuṡyapudgalakrtam, tena ca manuṡyapudgalena taddu:khaṃ krtvā parasmai 

devapudgalāya pradīyata iti sa devapudgalo devadu:khavinirmukta: kuto yasmai pradīyeteti | 

evaṃ tāvadaparapudgalajasya du:khasya pratigrāhaka eva nāsti ||5|| 

idānīṃ yaśca dadāti, asāvapi nāstītyāha- 

parapudgalajaṃ du:khaṃ yadi ka: parapudgala: | 

vinā du:khena ya: krtvā parasmai prahiṇoti tat ||6|| 

yenopādānena sa manuṡyapudgala: prajñapyate, sa manuṡyopādānavyatirikta: katamo yo 

devapudgalāya devadu:khaṃ krtvā praheṡyati ? tasmātparapudgalajamapi du:khaṃ na saṃbhavati ||6|| 

tataśca- 

svayaṃkrtasyāprasiddherdu:khaṃ parakrtaṃ kuta: | 

paro hi du:khaṃ yatkuryāttattasya syātsvayaṃ krtam ||7|| 

yadi devapudgaladu:khaṃ manuṡyapudgalena krtatvātparakrtaṃ bhavati, nanu, manuṡyapudgalasya

svayaṃkrtameva tadbhavati | etacca nāstītyuktam | tata: svayaṃkrtasyāprasiddheryadā manuṡya- 

pudgalena svayaṃ taddu:khaṃ na krtam, tadā kuta: parapudgalasya devākhyasya taddu:khaṃ parakrta 

bhaviṡyatīti | ato’pi parakrtaṃ du:khaṃ na saṃbhavati ||7|| 

idānīṃ prakaraṇāntareṇāpi pakṡadvayāsaṃbhavaṃ pratipādayannāha- 

na tāvatsvakrtaṃ du:khaṃ na hi tenaiva tatkrtam | 

paro nātmakrtaścetsyāddu:khaṃ parakrtaṃ katham ||8|| 

itaśca svaparābhyāṃ du:khasya karaṇaṃ na yujyate, yasmānna tāvatsvakrtaṃ du:kham | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? yasmānna tenaiva hi tat krtam, svātmani vrttivirodhāt, ata: svakrtaṃ 

nāsti | na parakrtamapi, yasmādyo’sau para: karotīti parikalpyate, sa eva tāvannātmanā 

krto nātmanā niṡpanna:, tasyāpi hetvantarāpekṡaṇāt | yaśca svātmanā na niṡpanna:, sa 

kathamavidyamānasvabhāva: san paraṃ kariṡyatīti na yuktametat ||8|| 

idānīmubhayakrtamapi du:khamasadityāha- 

syādubhābhyāṃ krtaṃ du:khaṃ syādekaikakrtaṃ yadi | 

yadi hi ekaikena du:khasya karaṇaṃ syāt, syāttadānīmubhābhyāṃ krtaṃ du:kham | na 

caikaikakrtaṃ tat, uktadoṡāt | na caikaikena prāṇātipāte krte dvābhyāṃ krta iti vyapa- 
deśo drṡṭa: || 

idānīṃ nirhetukamapi du:khaṃ yathā nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

parākārāsvayaṃkāraṃ du:khamahetukaṃ kuta: ||9|| 

@115

pareṇa akāro{1. ##T om.## akāro.} akaraṇaṃ yasyeti parākāram | na svayaṃkāro’syetyasvayaṃkāram | 

yadi du:khaṃ svayaṃkrtaṃ nāsti, parakrtamapi nāsti yathoktena nyāyena, tadidānīṃ kuta eva 

nirhetukaṃ bhaviṡyati khapuṡpasaugandhyavat ? du:khābhāvātkutastasyāśrayabhūta ātmā ||9|| 

yathā ca caturdhā vicāryamāṇaṃ du:khamasat, evaṃ bāhyā api bījāṅkuraghaṭapaṭādayo 

bhāvā veditavyā:, iti pratipādayannāha- 

na kevalaṃ hi du:khasya cāturvidhyaṃ na vidyate | 

sarveṡāṃ 

bāhyānāmapi{2. ##The Com. seems to read## sarveṡāṃ ##for## bāhyānāṃ.} bhāvānāṃ cāturvidhyaṃ na vidyate ||10|| 
pūrvavatsarvaṃ samaṃ yojyam | yadi khalveṡāṃ du:khādīnāṃ cāturvidhyāsaṃbhava:, tatkatamena 

tarhi idānīṃ prakāreṇa eṡāṃ siddhiriti | ucyate | svabhāvato yadi etāni du:khādīni 

syu:, niyatameṡāṃ caturṇāṃ prakārāṇāmanyatamena prakāreṇa siddhi: syāt | na tvasti | 

tasmātsvabhāvato na santi du:khādīnītyavasīyate | atha viparyāsamātralabdhātmasattākāyā 

du:khādisaṃvrte: pratītyasamutpādavyavasthā mrgyate, tadā karmakārakaparīkṡāprakaraṇavihita- 

vidhinā yathoditapakṡacatuṡṭayatiraskāreṇa idraṃpratyayatāmātrārthapratītyasamutpādasiddhyā 

siddhirabhyupeyā | yathoktam- 

svayaṃkrtaṃ parakrtaṃ dvābhyāṃ krtamahetukam | 

tārkikairiṡyate du:khaṃ tvayā tūktaṃ pratītyajam || iti || 

[lokātītastava-19] 

uktaṃ{3. ##The Mss. reproduce here the four stanzas beginning with## bhaya darśita ##etc. from page 18, but T om. them.##} ca bhagavatā āryopāliprcchāyām- 

…………………

tathā{4. ##T reads## bhagavatā coktam ##for## tathā.}- 

saṃvrti bhāṡitu dharma jinena 

saṃskrta’saṃskrta paśyatha eva | 

nāstiha bhūtatu ātma naro vā 

ettaku lakṡaṇa sarvajagasya || 

krṡṇaśubhaṃ ca na naśyati karma 

ātmana krtva ca vedayitavyam | 

no’pi tu saṃkrama karmaphalasya 

no ca ahetuka pratyanubhoti || 

@116

sarvi bhavā alikā vasikāśca 

riktaka tucchaka phenasamāśca | 

māyamarīcisamā sada śūnyā 

deśitu saṃvrtu te ca viviktā: || 

śailaguhāgiridurganadīṡu 

yadva pratiśruka jāyi pratītya | 

evimu saṃskrta sarvi vijāna 

māyamarīcisamaṃ jagu sarvam || 

[samādhirājasūtra-37.34-36,30] 

ityādi ||10|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

du:khaparīkṡā nāma dvādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@117

13 

saṃskāraparīkṡā trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

yataścaivaṃ samanantarātikrāntaprakaraṇavidhinā svaparobhayakrtatvamahetusamutpannatvaṃ ca 

nirūpyamāṇaṃ bhāvānāmasat, anyaścotpādako vidhirasan, utpannarūpatvena caite bhāvā 

avidyātimiropahatamatinayanānāṃ bālaprthagjanānāṃ khyānti, tasmānni:svabhāvā eva 

santo bālānāṃ visaṃvādakā māyākarituragādivat tadanabhijñānāṃ na tu vijñānām | ata 

eva sarvadharmasvābhāvyāparokṡadhīnayana: samunmulitāśeṡāvidyāvāsana: caturviparyāsavi- 

paryastātrāṇasattvaparitrāṇāya aviparītanai:svābhāvyopadeśatatparo buddho jagadvibodhako 

mahākāruṇika:- 

tanmrṡā moṡadharma yadbhagavānityabhāṡata | 

sarve ca moṡadharmāṇa: saṃskārāstena te mrṡā ||1|| 


sūtre uktam-tanmrṡā moṡadharma yadidaṃ saṃskrtam | etaddhi khalu bhikṡava: paramaṃ satyaṃ 

yadidamamoṡadharma nirvāṇam | sarvasaṃskārāśca mrṡā moṡadharmāṇa: iti | tathā-nāstyatra 

tathatā{1. ##P## tathatā vā ##for## tathatā  ##against Mss. and T.##} avitathatā vā | moṡadharmakamapyetat | pralopadharmakamapyetat{2. ##T## vināśadharmakametat; 

##P## pralāpa^ ##for## pralopa^.} iti | tadanena 

nyāyena yanmoṡadharma tanmrṡetyevaṃ yasmāduktavāṃstathāgato bhagavān, sarve ca moṡadharmāṇa: 

saṃskārā:, tasmānmoṡadharmakatvena te saṃskārā mrṡā bhavanti citrakarayantradārikāvat{3. ##T om.## citrakarayantradārikāvat, lakṡaṇopetayantramayavāraṇavañci-todayanavatsarājavat.} 

lakṡaṇopetayantramayavāraṇavañcitodayanavatsarājavat | tatra visaṃvādakaṃ moṡadharmakaṃ vitatha- 

khyātyālātacakravat | ato ni:svabhāvatvena mrṡā sarvasaṃskārā: moṡadharmakatvāt marīci- 

kādijalavat | yattu satyaṃ na tanmoṡadharmakam, tadyathā nirvāṇamekam{4. ##T om.## ekam.} | tataśca vihitayā 

upapattyā asmāccāgamāt siddhaṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ nai:svābhāvyam | śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:sva- 

bhāvayogena iti ca prajñāpāramitā-ardhaśatikāpāṭhāt ||1|| 

atrāha-yadyevaṃ moṡadharmakatvena sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ mrṡātvaṃ pratipāditaṃ bhavatā; nanvevaṃ 

sati na santi sarve bhāvā iti sarvapadārthāpavādinī mithyādrṡṭireva syāt | ucyate | satyaṃ 

moṡadharmakā: sarvasaṃskārā:, ye’dyāpi bhavantaṃ muṡṇanti | nanu ca bho:, 

tanmrṡā moṡadharma yadyadi kiṃ tatra muṡyate | 

yadā asmābhi: tanmrṡā moṡadharmakam ityuktam, tadā kiṃ tatra muṡyate ? kiṃ 

tatrābhāvo bhavati ? kaścidyadi padārtho’bhaviṡyat, syāttasyāpavādādabhāvadarśanānmithyā- 

@118

drṡṭi: | yadā tu padārthameva kaṃcinna paśyāma:, tadā kiṃ tatra muṡyate ? naiva kiṃcidabhāvo 

bhavatītyayukto’yamupālambho bhavata: || 

atrāha-yadi abhāvadarśanamapi na pratipādyate, kiṃ punaranenāgamena pratipādyata 

iti ? ucyate- 

etattūktaṃ bhagavatā śūnyatāparidīpakam ||2|| 

yadetaduktaṃ bhagavatā, tanna bhāvānāmabhāvaparidīpakam, kiṃ tarhi śūnyatāparidīpakam | 

svabhāvānutpādaparidīpakamityartha: | yathoktamanavataptahradāpasaṃkramaṇasūtre- 

ya: pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto 

no tasya utpādu sabhāvato’sti | 

ya: pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto 

ya: śūnyatāṃ jānati so’pramatta: || 

iti ||2|| 

atrāha-nāyamāgamo bhāvasvabhāvānutpādaṃ paridīyati, kiṃ tarhi ni:svabhāvatvam, 

svabhāvasyānavasthāyitvam, vināśitvam, iti | kuta etaditi cet, 

bhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvatvamanyathābhāvadarśanāt | 

vicāryamāṇānāmanyathātvaṃ{1. ##T om.## vicāryamāṇānāṃ.} vipariṇāmadarśanāt ityartha: | etaduktaṃ bhavati-yadi 

bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo{2. ##Mss.## ni:svabhāvo. ##Our reading is supported by T.##} na syāt, tadānīṃ naivaiṡāmanyathātvamupalabhyeta | upalabhyeta ca pari- 

ṇāma: | tasmātsvabhāvānavasthāyitvameva sūtrārtha iti vijñeyam || 

itaścaitadevam | yasmāt- 

asvabhāvo{3. ##Mss. wrongly## nāsvabhāvaśca bhāvo nāsti, ##Our text is supported by T and Com.##} bhāvo nāsti bhāvānāṃ śūnyatā yata: ||3|| 

yo hyasvabhāvo bhāva:, sa nāsti | bhāvānāṃ ca śūnyatā dharma iṡyate | na ca 

asati dharmiṇi tadāśrito dharma upapadyate | na hi asati vandhyātanaye tacchyāmatopapadyata 

iti | tasmādastyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti ||3|| 

api ca- 

kasya syādanyathābhāva: svabhāvaścenna vidyate | 

yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, yo'yaṃ vipariṇāmalakṡaṇa: anyathābhāva:, sa 

kasya syāditi ? atrocyate | evamapi parikalpyamāne 

kasya syādanyathābhāva: svabhāvo yadi vidyate ||4|| 

@119

iha yo dharmo yaṃ padārthaṃ na vyabhicarati, sa tasya svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate, 

aparapratibaddhatvāt | agnerauṡṇyaṃ hi loke tadavyabhicāritvāt svabhāva ityucyate | tadeva 

auṡṇyamapsūpalabhyamānaṃ parapratyayasaṃbhūtatvātkrtrimatvānna svabhāva iti | yadā caivamavyabhi- 

cāriṇā svabhāvena bhavivyam, tadā asya avyabhicāritvādanyathābhāva: syādabhāva: | 

na hi agni:{1. ##P## agne: ##for## agni:.} śaityaṃ pratipadyate | evaṃ bhāvānāṃ sati svabhāvābhyupagame’nyathātvameva na 

saṃbhavet | upalabhyate caiṡāmanyathātvam | ato nāsti svabhāva: ||4|| 

api ca | ayamanyathābhāvo bhāvānāṃ naiva saṃbhavati, yaddarśanātsasvabhāvatā syāt | 

yathā ca na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

tasyaiva nānyathābhāvo nāpyanyasyaiva yujyate | 

yuvā na jīryate yasmādyasmājjīrṇo na jīryate ||5|| 

tasyaiva tāvat prāgvat prāgavasthāyāṃ vartamānasya bhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nopapadyate | 

tathā hi yūno yuvāvasthāyāmeva vartamānasya nāsti anyathātvam | athāpi avasthāntara- 

prāptasyaiva anyathātvaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi nopapadyate | anyathātvaṃ nāma jarāyā: paryāya: | 

tadyadi yūno neṡyate, anyasyaiva jīrṇasya bhavatīti, tadapi na yujyate | yasmānna hi 

jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandha:, niṡprayojanatvāt | kiṃ hi jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandha: 

kuryāt ? tadāgamanāntareṇa{2. ##T## tadantareṇa ##for## tadāgamanāntareṇa.} jīrṇatābhāvājjīrṇo jīryata iti na yujyate | atha yūna 

evānyathābhāva:, tadayuktam, aprāptajarāvasthasya yuveti vyapadeśāt, avasthādvayasya ca 

parasparaviruddhatvāt ||5|| 

api ca | 

tasya cedanyathābhāva: kṡīrameva bhaveddadhi | 

atha syāt-kṡīrāvasthāparityāgena dadhyavasthā bhavati, ata: na kṡīrameva dadhi 

bhavatīti | ucyate | yadi kṡīraṃ dadhi bhavatīti neṡyate parasparavirodhāt- 

kṡīrādanyasya{3. ##P## kṡīrādanyasya 

kasyacid ##for## kṡīrādanyasya kasyātha ##which is supported by Mss. and T.##} kasyātha dadhibhāvo bhaviṡyati ||6|| 

kimudakasya dadhibhāvo bhavatu ? tasmādasaṃbaddhameva tadanyasya dadhibhāvo bhaviṡya- 

tīti | tadevamanyathātvāsaṃbhavāt kutastaddarśanāt sasvabhāvatā bhāvānāṃ prasetsyatīti na 

yuktametat | yathoktamāryaratnākaramahāyānasūtre- 

yo na pi jāyati no cupapadyī 

no cyavate na pi jīryati dharma: | 

taṃ jinu darśayatī{4. ##Mss.## deśayati ##for## darśayatī.} narasiṃha 

tatra{5. ##T## tatra niveśayi sattvaśatāni ##for the line.##} nideśayi sattva maharṡī || 

@120

yasya svabhāva na vidyati kaści 

no’parabhāvatu kenaci labdha: | 

nāntaratonapi bāhirato vā 

labhyati tatra niveśayi nātha: || 

śānta gatī kathitā sugatena 

no ca gatī upapadyati{1. ##P suggests## upalabhyati ##for## upapadyati.} kāci | 

tatra ca vyoharasī gatimukto 

muktaku mocayasī bahusattvān || 

sarvi vadesi{2. ##Mss.## vadāmi ##for## vadesi.} nirātmaka dharmān 

sattvatu{3. ##Mss.## sarvatu ##but the sense and T suggest## sattvatu (sattvagrāhāt).} grāhatu mocasi lokam | 

mukta svayaṃ gatito gatimukto 

tena si pāragato na ca tīrṇa: || 

pāragato’si bhavārṇavatīrṇa: 

pāragato na ca labhyati kaści | 

pāru na vidyati nāpi apāru 

pāragato’smi vadesi ca vākyam || 

vāca na vidyati yāṃ ca vadesi 

yaṃ pi vadesi na vidyata taṃ pi | 
yasya vadesi na vidyati{4. ##T## labhyati ##for## vidyati.} so’pi 

yo’pi vijānati so’pi asanto || 

tatra praṇaṡṭu jagaṃ imu sarvaṃ 

vitathavikalpaniveśavaśena | 

śānta vijānati yo naru{5. ##Mss.## ye na ca ##for## yo naru.} dharmāṃ- 

stehi tathāgatu drṡṭa svayaṃbhū: || 

śānta prajānati dharma praṇītān 

prīti sa vindati toṡati sattvān | 

so bhavatī jinu jitvana{6. ##Mss.## jitva ca ##for## jitvana.} kleśān 

ātma………… || 

@121

tena vijānita bodhi jinānāṃ 

buddhiya bodhayate sa jagaṃ pi | 

ityādi ||6|| 

yaccoktam-asvabhāvo bhāvo naivāsti, śūnyatā ca bhāvānāmiṡyate, tasmādasti 

śūnyatāśrayo bhāvasvabhāva iti, etadapi na yujyate ityāha- 

yadyaśūnyaṃ bhayetkiṃcitsyācchūnyamiti kiṃcana | 

na kiṃcidastyaśūnyaṃ ca kuta: śūnyaṃ bhaviṡyati ||7|| 

yadi śūnyatā nāma kācit syāt, tadā tadāśrayo bhāvasvabhāva: syāt | na 

tvevam | iha hi śūnyatā nāmeti sarvadharmāṇāṃ sāmānyalakṡaṇamityabhyupagamāt aśūnya- 

dharmābhāvādaśūnyataiva nāsti | yadā ca aśūnyā: padārthā na santi, aśūnyatā ca nāsti, 

tadā pratipakṡanirapekṡatvācchūnyatāpi khapuṡpamālāvannāstītyavasīyatām | yadā ca śūnyatā 

nāsti, tadā tadāśrayā api padārthā na santīti sthitamavikalam ||7|| 

atrāha-trīṇi vimokṡamukhāni śūnyatānimittāprāṇihitākhyāni vimuktaye 

vineyebhyo bhagavatā nirdiṡṭāni sarvatīrthikasamayāsādhāraṇāni{1. ##Mss. and P## sarvatīrthikamāramatāsādhāraṇāni ##for## sarvatīrthisamayādhāraṇāni ##which is based on T.##} saugata eva pravacane 

samupalabhyante | yeṡāmupadeśārthameva buddhā bhagavanto’śeṡatīrthyavādamahāmohāndhakārānugata- 

jagati jagadekapradīpā nairātmyopadeśāvicchinnaśikhā utpadyante | sa bhavāṃstathāgataprava- 

canavyākhyānavyājena idānīṃ tāmeva śūnyatāṃ pratikṡeptumārabdhavān, ityalaṃ bhavatā 

svargāpavargamārgasamucchedakeneti | ucyate | aho bata bhavānatyunmukha iva atyantaviparyā- 

sānnirvāṇapuragāminaṃ śivamrjuṃ paramaṃ panthānamavadhūya bhāvābhiniveśavyākulitaṃ saṃsāra- 

kāntārānugameva mārgaṃ mokṡapuraṃgāmitvena samāśrito nirmumukṡu:{2. ##T om.## nirmumukṡu: san saṃsārāṭavīkāntāra:.} san saṃsārāṭavīkāntāra: 

sadbhirupālabhya eva san abhimānābhiniveśagrahapavaraśatayā tānevopālabhate | nanu bho:, 

niravaśeṡakleśavyādhicikitsakairmahāvaidyarājai:- 

śūnyatā sarvadrṡṭīnāṃ proktā ni:saraṇaṃ jinai: | 

yeṡāṃ tu śūnyatā drṡṭistānasādhyān babhāṡire ||8|| 

iha sarveṡāmeva drṡṭikrtānāṃ sarvagrahābhiniveśānāṃ yanni:saraṇamapravrtti: sā 

śūnyatā | na ca drṡṭikrtānāṃ nivrttimātraṃ bhāva: | ye tu tasyāmapi śūnyatāyāṃ bhāvābhi- 

niveśina:, tān prati avācakā vayamiti kuto’smadupadeśāt sakalakalpanāvyāvrttyā 

mokṡo bhaviṡyati ? ya: nakiṃcidapi te paṇyaṃ dāsyāmītyukta:, sa cet 'dehi bhostadeva 

mahyaṃ nakiṃcinnāma paṇyam’, iti brūyāt, sa kenopāyena śakya: paṇyābhāvaṃ grāhayitum ? 

evaṃ yeṡāṃ śūnyatāyāmapi bhāvābhiniveśa:, kenedānīṃ sa teṡāṃ tasyāṃ bhāvābhiniveśo 

@122

niṡidhyatāmiti ? atom ahābhaiṡajye’pi doṡasaṃjñitvāt paramacikitsakairmahāvaidyaistathāgatai: 

pratyākhyātā eva te | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryaratnakūṭasūtre- 

yanna śūnyatayā dharmān śūnyān karoti, api tu dharmā eva śūnyā: | yannānimittena 

dharmānanimittān karoti, api tu dharmā evānimittā: | yannāpraṇihitena dharmānapraṇi- 

hitān karoti, api tu dharmā evāpraṇihitā: | yaivaṃ pratyavekṡā, iyamucyate kāśyapa 

madhyamā pratipaddharmāṇāṃ bhūtapratyavekṡā | ye hi kāśyapa śūnyatopalambhena śūnyatāṃ pratisaranti, 

tānahaṃ naṡṭapraṇeṡṭāniti vadāmi || 

iti pravacanāt || 

tathā- 

varaṃ khalu kāśyapa sumerumātrā pudgaladrṡṭirāśritā, na tveva abhāvābhiniveśikasya 

śūnyatādrṡṭi: | tatkasya heto: ? sarvadrṡṭikrtānāṃ hi kāśyapa śūnyatā ni:saraṇam | 

yasya khalu puna: śūnyataiva drṡṭi:, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi | tadyathā kāśyapa glāna: 

puruṡa: syāt | tasmai vaidyo bhaiṡajyaṃ dadyāt | tasya tadbhaiṡajyaṃ sarvadoṡānuccārya svayaṃ 

koṡṭhagataṃ na ni:saret | tatkiṃ manyase kāśyapa api tu sa puruṡastato glānyānmukto 

bhavet ? no hīdaṃ bhagavan | gāḍhataraṃ tasya puruṡasya glānyaṃ bhavet, yasya tadbhaiṡajyaṃ 

sarvadoṡānuccārya koṡṭhagataṃ na ni:saret | bhagavānāha-evameva kāśyapa sarvadrṡṭikrtānāṃ 

śūnyatā ni:saraṇam | yasya khalu puna: śūnyataiva drṡṭi:, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi || 

|| iti || 8 || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

saṃskāraparīkṡā nāma trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@123

14

saṃsargaparīkṡā caturdaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-astyeva bhāvasvabhāva:, tatsaṃsargopadeśāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya 

saṃsarga:, tadyathā vandhyāsutaduhitro: | asti ca saṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsargopadeśa: | cakṡu: pratītya 

rūpāṇi cotpadyate cakṡurvijñānam, trayāṇāṃ saṃnipāta: sparśa:, sparśasahajā vedaneti 

vistara: | tathā saṃjñā ca vedanā ca saṃsrṡṭāvetau dharmau nāsaṃsrṡṭāviti saṃskārāṇāṃ 

saṃsargopadeśa: | tadevaṃ saṃsargopadeśādvidyata eva bhāvasvabhāva iti | ucyate | syādetadevam, 

yadi saṃsarga eva bhavato{1. ##P. om.## bhavato ##againts Mss.##} bhavet, na tvasti, yasmāt- 

draṡṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ draṡṭā trīṇyetāni dviśo dviśa: | 

sarvaśaśca na saṃsargamanyonyena vrajantyuta ||1|| 

tatra draṡṭavyaṃ rūpam, darśanaṃ cakṡu:, draṡṭā vijñānam | eṡāṃ trayāṇāṃ dviśo dviśa: 

saṃsargo nāsti | cakṡuṡo rūpasya ca, cakṡuṡo vijñānasya ca, vijñānasya rūpasya ca saṃsargo 

nāsti | ityevaṃ dviśo dviśa: saṃsargo na bhavati | sarvaśo’pi trayāṇāmapyeṡāṃ yugapacca 

saṃsargo nāsti ||1|| 

yathā ca draṡṭavyadarśanadraṡṭr#ṇāṃ dviśo dviśa: sarvaśaśca saṃsargābhāva:, 

evaṃ rāgaśca raktaśca rañjanīyaṃ{2. ##Mss.## rañjanīyaśca ##for## rañjanīyaṃ ca.} ca drśyatām | 

rāgasya raktasya ca saṃsargo nāsti, rāgasya{3. ##Mss.## rāgasya raktasya rañjanīyasya ca, ##but it appears that we should add 

after :## rāgasya rañjanīyasya ca.} rañjanīyasya ca, trayāṇāmapi 

yugapatsaṃsargo nāsti | yathā caiṡām, evam- 

traidhena śeṡā: kleśāśca śeṡāṇyāyatanāni ca ||2|| 

anyonyena saṃsargaṃ na vrajanti | traya: prakārāstridhā, tridhābhāvastraidham | tena traidhena śeṡā: 

kleśā dveṡamohādaya:, te ete dveṡadviṡṭadveṡaṇīyādinā traidhena śrotraśotrśrotavyādinā ca ||2|| 

kasmātpunareteṡāṃ saṃsargo nāstītyāha- 

anyenānyasya saṃsargastaccānyatvaṃ na vidyate | 

draṡṭavyaprabhrtīnāṃ yanna saṃsargaṃ vrajantyata: ||3|| 

yadityayaṃ yasmādarthe | yadi draṡṭavyādīnāṃ parasparamanyatvaṃ syāt, tadā kṡīrodaka- 

yoriva anyena anyasya saṃsarga: syāt | taccānyatvaṃ yasmādeṡāṃ draṡṭavyaprabhrtīnāṃ na 

saṃbhavati, ato naite saṃsargaṃ vrajanti ||3|| 

@124

api ca | 

na ca kevalamanyatvaṃ draṡṭavyāderna vidyate | 

kasyacitkenacitsārdhaṃ nānyatvamupapadyate ||4|| 

na ca kevalaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvasthitānāṃ draṡṭavyādīnāmanyatvaṃ na saṃbhavati, ghaṭapaṭā- 

dīnāmapi padārthānāṃ sarveṡāṃ naiva saṃbhavatītyavasīyatām ||4|| 

yathā caiṡāṃ draṡṭavyaprabhrtīnāṃ parasparato’nyatvamasat, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

anyadanyatpratītyānyannānyadanyadrte’nyata: | 

yatpratītya ca yattasmāttadanyannopapadyate ||5|| 

iha yadetad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu paṭādanyaditi vyapadiśyate, tadetadanyadanyatpratītya 

anyadbhavati | anyavastuna: rte, rte’nyata:, vinā anyat, anyadanyanna bhavati | yacca 

paṭākhyaṃ vastu anyad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu pratītya anyadbhavati, tasmātpaṭākhyādvastuna: tad 

ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu nānyadbhavatītyavasīyatām | yasmāt, yatpratītya yadbhavati, tasmāttadanyanna 

bhavati, sāpekṡatvād bījāṅkuravat hrasvadīrghavacceti | tathā ca vakṡyati- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam || 

[madhyamakaśāstra-18.10] 

iti ||9|| 

atrāha-yadi ghaṭādanya: paṭa: syāt, taṃ ca prthagbhūtaṃ paṭamapekṡya anyo ghaṭa: syāt, 

tadā ko doṡa iti | ucyate- 

yadyanyadanyadanyasmādanyasmādapyrte bhavet | 

tadanyadanyadanyasmādrte nāsti ca nāstyata: ||6|| 

eko’tra anyaśabda: upadarśane, aparaśca arthāntaraparāmarśī, anyaśca prasiddhoccāraṇam, 

iti anyaśabdatrayopādānam | yadi hi etad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu paṭādanyasmādanyat syāt, 

tad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu anyasmādapi paṭākhyādrte anyadbhavet, tadā ca paṭanirapekṡasyaiva 

ekaikasya ghaṭasya anyatvaṃ bhavet | yaddhi yasmādanyat, tattena vināpi siddhyati | tadyathā | 

sa eva ghaṭo na svarūpaniṡpattāvanyaṃ paṭamapekṡate | evamanyatvamapi yadi ghaṭasya anyasmātpa- 

ṭādrte bhavet, tadānīṃ paṭanirapekṡasya ghaṭasya paratvaṃ syāt | na tu ekaikasya paṭanirapekṡasya 

ghaṭasyānyatvaṃ drṡṭam | tasmādanyadbhavatīti bruvatā yadapekṡya yadanyat, tatastadanyanna 

bhavatīti sphuṭamabhyupetaṃ bhavati || 

atrāha-yadi khalu anyatvamevaṃ kutaścitkasyacinnāsti, nanu idamapi tadā na 

saṃbhavati vaktum-yasmādanyatpratītya anyadanyadbhavatīti, tasmādeva tadanyadanyanna 

@125

bhavatīti | ucyate | yata eva hi parasparāpekṡikī bhāvānāmanyatvasiddhi:, ata eva 

anyadityucyate laukike vyavahāre sthitvā | vastutastu parīkṡyamāṇamanyatvaṃ na saṃbhava- 

tīti brūma: || 

yadi tarhi evamapyavidyamāne’pyanyatve lokasaṃvrtyā paṭādanyo ghaṭa iti vyapadiśyate, 

atha kasmād bījāṅkurayorapi evamanyatvaṃ na vyapadiśyate ? ucyate | naiva hi loko 

ghaṭapaṭayoriva bījāṅkurayoranyatvaṃ pratipadyate, ghaṭapaṭayoriva janyajanakatvābhāvaprasaṅgāt, 

yaugapadyabhāvaprasaṅgāt | api ca | yasmādbījamātramuptvā bījakāryaṃ vrkṡamupadarśayati pumān 

loke-ayaṃ vrkṡo mayopta iti, tasmālloke’pi kāryakāraṇabhūtānāṃ nāstyeva paratvamiti 

vyavasthāpyate ||6|| 

atrāha-yadi padārthāntare padārthāntarasāpekṡā parabuddhi: syāt, syādeṡa doṡa:- 

tasmāttadanyanna bhavatīti | na tvevaṃ brūma: | kiṃ tarhi iha anyatvaṃ nāma sāmānya- 

viśeṡo’sti, tadyatra samavetam, sa padārtha: padārthāntaranirapekṡayāpi para ityucyate, tasmā- 

duktadoṡānavasaro’smatpakṡe iti | ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi anyatvameva syāt, na 

tvasti | ihedamanyatvaṃ kalpyamānamanyasmin vā kalpyeta, ananyasmin vā ? ubhayathā ca 

nopapadyata iti pratipādayannāha- 

nānyasmin vidyate’nyatvamananyasminna vidyate | 

tatra anyasminnanyatvamastīti kalpyate, kiṃ tadānīmanyatvaparikalpanayā ? anya- 

vyapadeśasiddhyarthaṃ hi bhavatā anyatvaṃ parikalpyate | sa ca anyavyapadeśo vināpyanyatvena 

siddha eva, yasmāllabdhānyavyapadeśa eva padārthe’nyasmin anyatvaṃ kalpyate, ityevaṃ tāva- 

danyasminnanyatvaṃ na saṃbhavati | idānīmananyasminnapi anyatvaṃ nāsti, yasmādananya 

ucyate eka:, tatra ca anyatvaviruddhamekatvamastīti | yata: virodhādananyasminnapi anyatvaṃ 

na saṃbhavati | yacca idānīṃ nānyasminnananyasmin vidyate, tadvyatiriktasya padārthānta- 

rasyāsaṃbhavād etadvyatirikte’pi padārthe na saṃbhavati, tannaivāsti | yadā caivamanyatvameva 

nāsti, tadā anyatvasamavāyanibandhana: anyabuddhidhvanipravrttiheturanyo’pi padārtho 

nāstīti siddham || 

atrāha-yadyapi anyatvaṃ nāsti, tathāpi anyastāvadasti | na ca asati anyatve 

anyo bhavitumarhati, ato’nyatvaṃ bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate- 

avidyamāne cānyatve nāstyanyadvā tadeva vā ||7|| 

yadā anyatvameva nāstīti prāk pratipāditam, tadā kuta: asati anyatve anyadvā 

tadeva vā bhaviṡyati ? tadeveti ananyatvamityartha: | tasmānnāsti anyadvā tadeva vā ||7|| 

atrāha-vidyanta eva darśanādaya:, saṃsargasadbhāvāt | iha darśanādīnāṃ yadyapi 

anyatvaṃ nāstīti pratipāditam, tathāpi trayāṇāṃ saṃnipāta: saṃgati: sparśa iti 

@126

saṃsargo’sti | tataśca saṃsargasadbhāvād vidyanta eva darśanādaya iti | ucyate | syurevam, 

yadi teṡāṃ saṃsarga eva syāt | na tvasti | yathā ca nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

na tena tasya saṃsargo nānyenānyasya yujyate | 

iha yadi darśanādīnāṃ saṃsarga: syāt, sa ekatvena vā parikalpyeta anyatvena vā ? 

tatra ekatve nāsti saṃsarga: | na hi ekakaṃ kṡīramudakanirapekṡamudakena saṃsrjya ityucyate | 

prthaktve’pi saṃsargo nāsti | na hi udakātprthagavasthitaṃ kṡīramudakena saṃsrjyata iti 

kathyate | evaṃ darśanādīnāṃ yadi ekatve sati saṃsarga: parikalpyate, so’nupapanna: | ekaka- 

syāpi cakṡuṡa: saṃsrṡṭiprasaṅgāt | atha prthaktvam, evamapyanupapanna: | ekakasyāpi cakṡuṡo 

rūpādibhya: prthagbhūtasya saṃsrṡṭiprasaṅgāt | asati saṃsarge nāsti darśanādikamiti siddham || 

atrāha-yadyapi saṃsargo nāsti, tathāpi saṃsrjyamānaṃ saṃsrṡṭaṃ saṃsraṡṭā cāsti, 

tadapratiṡedhāt | na ca saṃsargamantareṇa saṃsrjyamānaṃ saṃsrṡṭaṃ saṃsraṡṭā ca saṃbhavati | 

tasmātsaṃsargo’pi bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate | etadapi na yuktam | yasmādyadā saṃsarga eva 

nāstīti pratipāditam, asati ca saṃsarge tadā kuta: saṃsrjyamānādikam ? tatra 

vartamānasaṃsargakriyāsādhanakarmabhūtaṃ saṃsrjyamānam, saṃsrṡṭaṃ niṡpannasaṃsargakriyam, saṃsraṡṭā 

kartā kriyāniṡpattau svātantryeṇāvasthita: | tadatra sam*sargābhāvādeva saṃsrjyamānādikama- 

paśyaṃstatpratiṡedhaṃ nigamayannāha- 

saṃsrjyamānaṃ saṃsrṡṭaṃ saṃsraṡṭā ca na vidyate ||8|| 

iti yathoktaṃ bhagavatā [upālipariprcchāyām] 

sarvasayogi tu paśyati cakṡu- 

statra na paśyati pratyayahīnam | 

[naiva ca] cakṡu papaśyati [rūpaṃ] 

tena sayogaviyogavikalpa: || 

ālokasamāśrita paśyati cakṡu 

rūpa manorama citravicitram | 

yena ca yogasamāśrita cakṡu- 

stena na paśyati cakṡu kadāci || 

te parinirvrta laukika śūrā 

yehi svabhāvata jñātimi dharmā: | 

kāmaguṇairhi caranti asaṅgā: 

saṅga vivarjiya sattva vinenti || 

@127

no pi ca sattva na jīviha kaści 

sattvahitaṃ ca karonti jinendrā: | 

……{1. ##Mss. damaged.##} ….

sattvu na asti karonti ca artham || 

saṅgun a vidyati atra kadāci 

………….

………………..

tasya na vidyati vedana loke || 

tathā- 

bhāvitu mārga pavartitu jñāna 

śūnyaka dharma nirātmaka sarvi | 

yena vibhāvita bhontimi dharmā- 

stasya bhavetpratibhānamanantam || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

saṃsargaparīkṡā nāma caturdaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@128

15 

svabhāvaparīkṡā pañcadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva:, tanniṡpādakahetupratyayopādānāt | iha 

yannāsti na tasya niṡpādakahetupratyayopādānamasti yathā khapuṡpasya | upādīyante ca 

bījāvidyādayo hetupratyayā aṅkurasaṃskārādīnāṃ niṡpādakā:, ityato vidyata eva 

bhāvasvabhāva iti | ucyate | yadi bhāvānāṃ saṃskārāṅkurādīnāṃ svabhāvo’sti, kimidānīṃ 

vidyamānānāṃ hetupratyayai: prayojanam ? yathā vartamānībhūtānāṃ saṃskārāṅkurādīnāṃ 

bhūyoniṡpattaye avidyābījādīnāmupādānaṃ kriyate, evamanyadapi tadutpattaye na{1. ##T.## nopādānīkartavyaṃ ##for## na kartavyaṃ.}  kartavyaṃ 

syāt, tatsvabhāvasya vidyamānatvāditi pratipādayannāha- 

na saṃbhava: svabhāvasya yukta: pratyayahetubhi: | 

atha syāt-naivotpādātpūrvaṃ kasyacidbhāvasya svabhāvo’sti yato’sya vidyamāna- 

tvādutpattivaiyarthyaṃ syāt, kiṃ tarhi utpādātpūrvamavidyamānasyaiva svabhāvasya hetupratyayān 

pratītya paścādutpādo bhavatīti | evamapīṡyamāṇe- 

hetupratyayasaṃbhūta: svabhāva: krtako bhavet ||1|| 

atha syāt-iṡyata eva hetupratyayasaṃbhūtatvātsvabhāvasya krtakatvam, tasmātkrta- 

kasyaiva svabhāvasyābhyupagamāt krtakatvaprasaṅgo nāsmākaṃ bādhaka iti, etadapi na 

yuktamityāha- 

svabhāva: krtako nāma bhaviṡyati puna: katham | 

krtakaśceti svabhāvaśceti parasparaviruddhatvādasaṃgatārthametat | iha hi svo bhāva: 

svabhāva iti vyutpatte:, ya: krtaka: padārtha:, sa loke naiva svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate, 

tadyathā apāmauṡṇyaṃ dhātupiśācapratyayaniṡpādita:{2. ##T does not confirm the reading## 

dhātupiśāca^. ##P’s note misses the point as the extraordinary powers of 

some metal in bringing about a change in inferior stones to superior 

stones is indicated by the term## piśāca ##here.##} karkeṭanādīnāṃ padmarāgādibhāvaśca | 

yastu akrtaka: sa svabhāva:, tadyathā agnerauṡṇyaṃ jātānāṃ padmarāgādisvabhāvaśca | sa 

hi teṡāṃ padārthāntarasaṃparkājanitatvātsvabhāva ityucyate | tadevamakrtaka: svabhāva iti 

lokavyavahāre vyavasthite vayamidānīṃ bruma:-yadetadauṡṇyaṃ tadapyagne: svabhāvo na bhavatīti 

@129

grhyatāṃ krtakatvāt, iha maṇīndhanādityasamāgamādaraṇinirgharṡaṇādeśca agnerhetupratyaya- 

sāpekṡataiva upalabhyate | na ca agnivyatiriktamauṡṇyaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmādauṡṇyamapi 

hetupratyayajanitam, tataśca krtakam, krtakatvāccāpāmauṡṇyavat svabhāvo naiva bhavatīti 

sphuṭamavasīyate || 

nanu ca gopālāṅganājanaprasiddhametad agnerauṡṇyaṃ svabhāva iti | kiṃ khalu 

asmābhiruktaṃ na prasiddhamiti ? etattu vayaṃ brūma:-nāyaṃ svabhāvo bhavitumarhati svabhāva- 

lakṡaṇaviyuktatvāt | avidyāviparyāsānugamāttu loko ni:svabhāvameva bhāvajātaṃ sasvabhāva- 

tvena pratipanna: | yathā hi taimirikā: timirapratyayādasantameva keśādisvabhāvaṃ sasvabhāva- 

tvenābhiniviṡṭā:, evamavidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā bālā ni:svabhāvaṃ bhāvajātaṃ 

sasvabhāvatvenābhiniviṡṭā yathābhiniveśaṃ lakṡaṇamācakṡate agnerauṡṇyaṃ svalakṡaṇam | 

tato’nyatrānupalambhādasādhāraṇatvena svameva lakṡaṇamiti krtvā | bālajanaprasiddhyaiva 

ca bhagavatā tadevaiṡāṃ sāṃvrtaṃ svarūpamabhidharme vyavasthāpitam | sādhāraṇaṃ tvanityatvādikaṃ 

sāmānyalakṡaṇamiti coktam | yadā tu vigatāvidyātimirāvadātaprajñācakṡuṡāṃ darśanama- 

pekṡyate, tadā vitimirai: taimirikopalabdhakeśādarśanavat bālajanamatiparikalpitānupalabdha- 

svabhāvairāryai: pura ucyate parahitavyāpārai:,{1. ##T om.## parahitavyāpārai:.} nāyaṃ svabhāvo bhāvānāmiti | yathoktamārya- 

laṅkāvatārasūtre- 

keśoṇḍukaṃ yathā mithyā grhyate taimirikairjanai: | 

tathā bhāvavikalpo’yaṃ mithyā bālairvikalpyate || 

na svabhāvo na vijñaptirna ca vastu na cālaya: | 

bālairvikalpitā hyete śavabhūtai: kutārkikai: || iti | 

[laṅkāvatārasūtra-3.51; 10.79; 3.48; 10.9] 

tathā- 

svabhāvānutpattiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate mayā sarvadharmā anutpannā ityuktā: || iti 

vistara: || 

atrāha-yadi khalu idamagnyāderauṡṇyādikaṃ hetupratyayasaṃbhūtatvena krtakatvānni:- 

svabhāvamityucyate, kimidānīṃ tatsvabhāvasya lakṡaṇaṃ kaścāsau svabhāva iti vaktavyam | 

ucyate- 

akrtrima: svabhāvo hi nirapekṡa: paratra ca ||2|| 

iha svo bhāva: svabhāva iti yasya padārthasya yadātmīyaṃ rūpaṃ tattasya svabhāva 

iti vyapadiśyate | kiṃ ca kasyātmīyaṃ yadyasyākrtrimam, yattu krtrimaṃ na tattasyātmīyaṃ 

@130

tadyathā apāmauṡṇyam | yacca yasyāyattaṃ tadapi tadātmīyaṃ tadyathā sve bhrtyā:, svāni 

dhanāni | yattu yasya parāyattaṃ na tattasyātmīyaṃ tadyathā tāvatkālikāyācitakamasvatantram | 

yataścaivaṃ krtrimasya parasāpekṡasya ca svabhāvatvaṃ neṡṭam, ata eva auṡṇyamagnerhetupratyaya- 

pratibaddhatvātpūrvamabhūtvā paścādutpādena krtakatvānna svabhāva iti yujyate | yataścaitadevam, 

ato yadevāgne: kālatraye’pyavyabhicāri nijaṃ rūpamakrtrimam, pūrvamabhūtvā paścādyanna 

bhavati, yacca hetupratyayasāpekṡaṃ na bhavati apāmauṡṇyavat pārāvāravat dīrghahrasvavadvā, tat 
svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate | kiṃ khalu agne: taditthaṃ svarūpamasti ? na{1. ##CT om.## na tadasti.} tadasti, na 
cāpi nāsti svarūpata: | yadyapi evam, tathāpi śrotrṇāmuttrāsaparivarjanārthaṃ saṃvrtyā 
tadastīti brūma: | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- 


anakṡarasya dharmasya śruti: kā deśanā ca kā | 

śrūyate deśyate cāpi samāropādanakṡara: || iti | 

[               ]
ihāpi ca vakṡyati- 

śūnyamiti na vaktavyamaśūnyamiti vā bhavet | 

ubhayaṃ nobhayaṃ ceti prajñaptyarthaṃ tu kathyate || 

[madhyamakaśāstra-22.11] 

yadi khalu tadadhyāropādbhavadbhirastītyucyate, kīdrśaṃ tat ? yā sā dharmāṇāṃ 

dharmatā nāma, saiva tatsvarūpam | atha keyaṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā ? dharmāṇāṃ svabhāva: | ko’ya 

svabhāva: ? prakrti: | kā ceyaṃ prakrti: ? yeyaṃ śūnyatā | keyaṃ śūnyatā ? nai:svabhāvyam | 

kimidaṃ nai:svābhāvyam ? tathatā | keyaṃ tathatā ? tathābhāvo’vikāritvaṃ sadaiva sthāyitā | 

sarvathānutpāda{2. ##Mss. and P## sarvadā ##for## sarvathā ##which is confirmed by T.##} eva hyagnyādīnāṃ paranirapekṡatvādakrtrimatvātsvabhāva ityucyate || 

etaduktaṃ bhavati-avidyātimiraprabhāvopalabdhaṃ bhāvajātaṃ yenātmanā vigatā- 

vidyātimirāṇāmāryāṇāmadarśanayogena viṡayatvamupayāti, tadeva svarūpameṡāṃ svabhāva 

iti vyavasthāpyate | tasya cedaṃ lakṡaṇam- 

akrtrima:svabhāvo hi nirapekṡa: paratra ca | 

iti vyavasthāpayāṃbabhūvurācāryā iti vijñeyam | sa caiṡa bhāvānāmanutpādātmaka: 

svabhāva: akiṃcittvena abhāvamātratvādasvabhāva eveti krtvā nāsti bhāvasvabhāva iti 

vijñeyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

@131

bhāvānabhāvāniti ya: prajānati 

sa sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate | 

ya: sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate 

sa ānimittaṃ sprśate samādhim || 

iti ||2|| 

atrāha-yadyapi svabhāvo nāsti bhāvānām, tathāpi parabhāvastāvadasti, tada- 

pratiṡedhāt sati ca parabhāve svabhāvo’pi bhaviṡyati | svabhāvamantareṇa parabhāvā- 

prasiddheriti | ucyate- 

kuta: svabhāvasyābhāve parabhāvo bhaviṡyati | 

svabhāva: parabhāvasya parabhāvo hi kathyate ||3|| 

iha svabhāva eva hi loke kaścitsvabhāvāntarāpekṡayā para iti vyapadiśyate | 

yadi hi agnerauṡṇyaṃ svabhāva: syāt, dravasvabhāvasalilasāpekṡayā parabhāva iti vyapa- 

diśyeta | yadā tu mumukṡubhirvicāryamāṇasya kasyacitsvabhāva eva nāsti, tadā kuta: 

paratvaṃ syāt ? parabhāvācca svabhāvo’pi nāsti iti siddham ||3|| 

atrāha-yadyapi svabhāvaparabhāvau na sta: tathāpi bhāvastāvadasti, apratiṡedhāt | 

sa ca bhāvo bhavan svabhāvo vā bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tasmātsvabhāvaparabhāvāvapi 

bhaviṡyata iti | ucyate- 

svabhāvaparabhāvābhyāmrte bhāva: kuta: puna: | 

svabhāve parabhāve vā sati bhāvo hi sidhyati ||4|| 

bhāvo hi parikalpyamāna: svabhāvo vā bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tau ca pūrvokta- 

vidhinā na sta:, iti tayorabhāvādbhāvo’pi nāstītyavadhāryatām ||4|| 

atrāha-yadyapi bhavatā bhāva: pratiṡiddha:, tathāpyabhāvo’sti, pratiṡedhābhāvāt | 

tataśca bhāvo’pi bhaviṡyati pratidvandvisadbhāvāt, abhāvavaditi | ucyate | syādbhāva:, 

yadi abhāva eva syāt | na tvastītyāha- 

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhirabhāvo naiva sidhyati | 

bhāvasya hyanyathābhāvamabhāvaṃ bruvate janā: ||5|| 

iha hi yadi bhāvo nāma kaścidabhaviṡyat, syāttasyānyathābhāvādabhāva: | ghaṭā- 

dayo hi vartamānāvasthāyā: pracyutā: santa: anyathābhāvamāpannā: abhāvadhvanivācyā 

bhavanti loke | yadā tvamī ghaṭādayo bhāvarūpatvenaivāsiddhā:, tadā kuto’vidyamānasvabhā- 

vānāmanyathātvamiti | ata: abhāvo’pi nāsti ||5|| 

tadevaṃ sarvathā svabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāveṡu anupapadyamāneṡu avidyātimiropahata- 

matinayanatayā viparītam- 

@132

svabhāvaṃ parabhāvaṃ ca bhāvaṃ cābhāvameva ca | 

ye paśyanti na paśyanti te tattvaṃ buddhaśāsane ||6|| 

ye hi tathāgatapravacanāviparītavyākhyānābhimānitayā prthivyā: kāṭhinyaṃ 

svabhāva:, vedanāyā viṡayānubhava:, vijñānasya viṡayaprativijñapti: svabhāva:, ityevaṃ 

svabhāvaṃ bhāvānāṃ varṇayanti, anyadvijñānam, anyadrūpam, anyaiva ca vedanā, ityevaṃ parabhāvaṃ 

varṇayanti, vartamānāvasthaṃ ca vijñānādikaṃ bhāvatvena ye varṇayanti, vijñānādikameva ca 

atītatāmāpannamabhāva iti, na te paramagambhīrasya pratītyasamutpādasya tattvaṃ varṇayanti | 

yasmādyathoditopapattiviruddhaṃ svabhāvaparabhāvādīnāmastitvam, na copapattiviruddhaṃ padārtha- 

svabhāvamanuvarṇayanti tathāgatā: | svayamaviparītāśeṡapadārthatattvasaṃbodhāt | ata eva 

buddhānāmeva bhagavatāṃ vacanaṃ pramāṇamityupavarṇayanti vicakṡaṇā:, sopapattikatvenāvisaṃvāda- 

katvāt | ata eva ca āptebhya: prahīṇāśeṡadoṡebhya āgatatvāt, āgamayatīti samantāt 

tattvaṃ gamayatīti vā, ābhimukhyādgamanādvā tadāśrayeṇa lokasya nirvāṇagamanāt saṃbuddha- 

vacanasyaiva āgamatvaṃ vyavasthāpyate | tadanyamatānāṃ tu upapattiviyuktatvānna prāmāṇyam, 

āgamābhāsatvaṃ ca vyavasthāpyate ||6|| 

yasmācca etāni svabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāvadarśanāni yuktividhuratvānna tattvāni, 

ata eva mumukṡūṇāṃ vineyajānānām- 

kātyāyanāvavāde cāstīti nāstīti cobhayam | 

pratiṡiddhaṃ bhagavatā bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā ||7|| 

uktaṃ hi bhagavatā āryakātyāyanāvavādasūtre- 

yadbhūyasā kātyāyana ayaṃ loko’stitāṃ vā abhiniviṡṭo nāstitāṃ ca | tena 

na parimucyate | jātijarāvyādhimaraṇaśokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasyopāyāsebhyo na pari- 

mucyate | pāñcagatikātsaṃsāracārakāgārabandhanānna parimucyate | mātrmaraṇasaṃtāpadu:khānna 

parimucyate | pitrmaraṇasaṃtāpadu:khāditi vistara: || 

idaṃ ca sūtraṃ sarvanikāyeṡu paṭhyate | tadasmādāgamāt yathopavarṇitāyāścopapatte- 

rnārhati prājña: svabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāvadarśanaṃ tathāgatavacanādatyantaviruddhamāsthātum | 

bhagavatā pratiṡiddhatvāt | kiṃviśiṡṭena bhagavatā ? bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā | bhāvābhāvau 

vibhāvayituṃ śīlamasyeti bhāvābhāvavibhāvī | yathāvasthitabhāvābhāvāviparītasvabhāva- 

parijñānād bhāvābhāvavibhāvīti bhagavānevocyate | tena bhagavatā bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā 

yasmādastitvaṃ ca nāstitatvaṃ ca ubhayametat pratiṡiddham, tasmānna yuktaṃ bhāvābhāvadarśanaṃ 

tattvamityāsthātum || 

@133

tathā-

astīti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: | nāstīti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: | yadena- 

yordvayorantayormadhyam, tadarūpyamanidarśanamapratiṡṭhamanābhāsamaniketamavijñaptikam | iyamucyate 

kāśyapa madhyamā pratipad bhūtapratyavekṡā iti || 

tathā- 

astīti nāstīti ubhe’pi antā 

śuddhī aśuddhīti ime’pi antā | 

tasmādubhe anta vivarjayitvā 

madhye’pi sthānaṃ na karoti paṇḍita: || 

astīti nāstīti vivāda eṡa: 

śuddhī aśuddhīti ayaṃ vivāda: | 

vivādaprāptyā na du:khaṃ praśāmyati 

avivādaprāptyā ca du:khaṃ nirudhyate || iti | 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.27-28] 

atrāha-yadi punarevamagnyādīnāṃ svabhāvata evāstitvaṃ syāt, ko doṡa: syāt ? 

uktadoṡa:- 

hetupratyayasaṃbhūta: svabhāva: krtako bhavet | 

ityādinā ||7|| 

api ca | yadi ayameṡāmagnyādīnāṃ svabhāva: syāt, tasya vidyamānasya sato na 

syāt punaranyathātvamiti pratipādayannāha- 

yadyastitvaṃ prakrtyā syānna bhavedasya nāstitā | 

yadi agnyāderbhāvasya prakrtyā svabhāvato’stitvam, tadā asya svabhāvasya 

prakrtyā vidyamānasya punaranyathātvaṃ na syāt | yasmāt- 

prakrteranyathābhāvo na hi jātūpapadyate ||8|| 

yadi eṡāmagnyādīnāmiyameva prakrti: syāt, svabhāva: syāt, tadā prakrtera- 

vikāriṇītvānna kadācitpunaranyathābhāva upapadyeta | na hi ākāśasyānāvaraṇatvaṃ 

kadācidapyanyathātvaṃ pratipadyate | evamagnyādīnāmapi prakrtyā vidyamānānāṃ punaranyathātvaṃ 

na syāt | upalabhate ca bhavāneṡāmanyathātvaprabandhoparamalakṡaṇaṃ vināśam | tasmādvi- 

pariṇāmadharmitvādapāmauṡṇyavat nāyameṡāṃ svabhāva iti pratīyatām ||8|| 

atrāha-yadi prakrtyā vidyamānasyānyathāsaṃbhavādanyathātvasya ca upalabhyamāna- 

tvāt prakrtireṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ nāstītyucyate, nanu ca evamapi- 

@134

prakrtau kasya cāsatyāmanyathātvaṃ bhaviṡyati | 

kasya idānīṃ prakrtyā svarūpeṇāvidyamānasya khapuṡpasyeva anyathātvaṃ bhaviṡyati ? 

tasmādavidyamānaprakrtikasya{1. ##Mss.## tasmādvidya^ ##for## tasmādavidya^ ##which is based on T.##} anyathātvānupalambhāt, anyathātvasya ca darśanāt, astyeva 

svabhāva iti | ucyate | yadi tāvakena matena prakrtyā svabhāvena asaṃvidyamānasya 

anyathātvābhāvād anyathātvasya ca darśanātprakrtirityucyate, evamapi- 

prakrtau kasya ca satyāmanyathātvaṃ bhaviṡyati ||9|| 

kasyedānīṃ prakrtyā svabhāvena vidyamānasya vartamānasyaiva anyathātvaṃ bhaviṡyati ? 

tasmāt prakrtyā vidyamānasya anyathātvaṃ nāstīti sarvathā anyathātvāsaṃbhava eva | 

tataśca nāsti prakrtirbhāvānāmiti vijñeyam ||9|| 

yaccāpyuktam-anyathātvasya darśanānnāsti prakrtiriti, tadapi paraprasiddhyā{2. ##P## paraprasiddhānyathātva^ ##for## paraprasiddhyā anyathātva^ ##against Mss.##} 

anyathātvadarśanamadhikrtyoktam, na tvasmābhi: kadācidapi kasyacidanyathātvamabhyupetam | 

tadevamatyantata: prakrtāvasaṃvidyamānāyāṃ sarvadharmeṡu asaṃvidyamāneṡu tadanyathātve ca 

asaṃvidyamāne yo hi idānīmastitvaṃ nāstītvaṃ ca bhāvānāṃ parikalpayati, tasya evaṃ 

parikalpayato niyatameva- 

astīti śāśvatagrāho nāstītyucchedadarśanam | 

prasajyata iti vākyaśeṡa: | taccaitat śāśvatocchedadarśanaṃ svargāpavargamārgāntarāya- 

karatvād yasmānmahānarthakaram, 

tasmādastitvanāstitve nāśrīyeta vicakṡaṇa: ||10|| 

kasmātpunarbhāvābhāvadarśane sati śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgo bhavatīti | yasmāt- 

asti yaddhi svabhāvena na tannāstīti śāśvatam | 

nāstīdānīmabhūtpūrvamityuccheda: prasajyate ||11|| 

yat svabhāvena astītyucyate{3. ##Mss.## nāstīti ##for## astīti.}, svabhāvasyānapāyitvānna tat kadācidapi 

nāstīti, evaṃ bhāvasyāstitvābhyupagame sati śāśvatadarśanamāpadyate | pūrvaṃ ca vartamānā- 

vasthāyāṃ bhāvasvarūpamabhyupetya idānīṃ tadvinaṡṭatvānnāstīti paścādabhyupagacchata: 

ucchedadarśanaṃ prasajyate | yasya tub hāvasvabhāva eva nopapadyate, na tasya śāśvatocchedadarśana- 

prasaṅga:, bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhāt || 

nanu ca bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo nāstītyabhyupagacchato mā bhūdbhāvadarśanābhāvācchā-

śvatadarśanam, ucchedadarśanaṃ tu niyataṃ prasajyate iti | naivamabhāvadarśanaṃ bhavati | yo hi 

 
4. ##Our reading is confirmed by T.## 
@135

pūrvaṃ bhāvasvabhāvamabhyupetya paścāt tannivrttimālambate, tasya pūrvopalabdhasvabhāvāpavādāt 

syādabhāvadarśanam | yastu taimirikopalabdhakeśeṡviva vitaimiriko na kiṃcidupalabhate, 

sa{1. ##Mss. corrupt. Text based on T and is reconstructed.##} nāstīti bruvan kiṃcinnāstīti brūyāt pratiṡedhyābhāvāt | viparyastānāṃ tu 

mithyābhiniveśanivrttyarthamataimirikā iva vayaṃ brūma:-na santi sarvabhāvā: iti | na 

caivaṃ bruvatāmasmākaṃ parahitavyāpāraparāyaṇānāmucchedadarśanaprasaṅga: | yathoktaṃ sūtre- 

yo hi bhavagan pūrvaṃ rāgadveṡamohabhāvābhyupagamaṃ krtvā paścānna santi rāgadveṡamoha- 

bhāvā iti bravīti, sa bhagavan vain āstiko bhavati | iti vistara: || 

yastu paratantracittacaittavastumātramabhyupetya tasya parikalpitasvabhāvābhāvāda- 

stitvadarśanaṃ pariharati, saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanasya ca paratantravastumātrasadbhāvā- 

nnāstitvadarśanaṃ pariharati, tasya parikalpitasyāvidyamānatvāt paratantrasya ca 

vidyamānatvād astitvanāstitvadarśanadvayasyāpi upanipātāt kuto’ntadvayaparihāra: ? 
hetupratyayajanitasya ca sasvabhāvenāyuktatvapratipādanādayuktamevāsya vyākhyānam | tadevaṃ 

madhyamakadarśane eva astitvanāstitvadvayadarśanasyāprasaṅga:, na vijñānavādidarśanādiṡviti 

vijñeyam | ata evoktamāryaratnāvalyām- 

sasāṃkhyaulūkyanirgranthapudgalaskandhavādinam | 

prccha lokaṃ yadi vadatyastināstivyatikramam || 

dharmayautakamityasmādastināstivyatikramam | 

viddhi gambhīramityuktaṃ buddhānāṃ śāsanāmrtam || iti || 

tathāvidhavineyajanabodhānurodhāttu paramārthadarśanasya upāyabhūtatvāt neyārthatvena 

bhagavatā mahākaruṇāparatantratayā vijñānādivādo deśita: sāṃmitīyapudgalavādavat, na 

nītārtha: iti vijñeyam || yathoktamāryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake- 

nītārthasūtrāntaviśeṡa jānati 

yathopadiṡṭā sugatena śūnyatā | 

yasmin puna: pudgala sattva pūruṡo 

neyārthato jānati sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirājasūtra-7.5] 

etacca āryākṡayamatinirdeśādiṡu vistareṇa boddhavyamiti | bhāvābhāvadarśanadvaya- 

prasaṅgo yāvat tāvatsaṃsāra ityavetya mumukṡubhiretaddarśanadvayanirāsena sadbhirmadhyamā pratipad 

bhāvanīyā yathāvaditi | etaccoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

@136

bhāva abhāva vibhāvayi jñānaṃ 

sarvi acintiya sarvi abhūtaṃ | 

ye puna cittavaśānuga bālā: 

te dukhitā bhavakoṭiśateṡu || 

{1. ##T om. this stanza.##}bhāvānabhāvāniti ya: prajānatī 

sa sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate | 

ya: sarvabhāveṡu na jātu sajjate 

sa ānimittaṃ sprśate samādhim || iti | 

[samādhirājasūtra-38.11] 

tathā- 

smarāmyahaṃ pūrvamatīta adhvani 

acintiye kalpi narāṇamuttama: | 

utpannu lokārthakaro maharṡī 

nāmena{2. nāmnā hyasau ##for## nāmena so.} so’bhāvasamudgato’bhūt || 

sa jātamātro gagane sthihitvā 

sarvāṇa dharmāṇabhāva deśayi | 

tadānurūpaṃ krta nāmadheyaṃ 

śabdena sarvaṃ trisahasra vijñayī{3. ##T## kīrtita ##for## vijñayī,} || 

devāpi sarve pramumocu śabdaṃ 

abhāvanāmeti jino bhaviṡyati | 

yo jātamātra: pada sapta prakraman 

abhāva dharmāṇa{4. ##BTS## dharmāṇa bravīti nāyaka:,} samaṃ prakāśayī || 

buddho yadā bheṡyati dharmarāja: 

sarvāṇa dharmāṇa prakāśako muni: | 

trṇagulmavrkṡauṡadhiśailaparvate

abhāva dharmāṇa ravo bhaviṡyati || 

@137

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau 

sarve hyabhāvā na hi kaści bhāva: | 

tāvanti kho tasya tathāgatasya{1. ##T om.## tathāgatasya.} 

khu niścarī lokavināyakasya || iti | 

[samādhirājasūtra-8.1-5] 

{2. ##T om. from## bhavatīti ##up to## pāṭhāt.}bhavatīti bhāva: sattā | na vidyate sattā svabhāva: sarvabhāvānāmityabhāvā: 

sarvadharmā:, śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:svabhāvayogeneti prajñāpāramitāpāṭhāt bhāvasvabhāvasyā- 

nupapatte: | 

{3. ##From## abhāva ##down to## svabhāvārtha:, ##the text is reconstructed from T.##}abhāva dharmāṇa ravo bhaviṡyati 

ityādinā sūtrārtho’vagantavya: || 

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau 

sarve hyabhāvā na hi kaści bhāva: | ityādi | 

bhūtvā abhāvapratiṡedhavivakṡitatvād bhāvābhāvārtha eva svabhāvābhāvārtha: || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

svabhāvaparīkṡā nāma pañcadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@138

16

bandhamokṡaparīkṡā ṡoḍaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva:, saṃsārasadbhāvāt | iha saṃsaraṇaṃ saṃsrti: 

gatergatyantaragamanaṃ saṃsāra ityucyate | yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, kasya gatergatya- 

ntaragamanaṃ saṃsāra: syāt ? na hi avidyamānānāṃ vandhyāsūnusaṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ drṡṭam | 

tasmāt saṃsārasadbhāvāt vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti | ucyate | syādbhāvānāṃ 

svabhāva:, yadi saṃsāra eva bhavet | na tvasti | iha yadi saṃsāra: syāt, sa niyataṃ 

saṃskārāṇāṃ vā bhavet sattvasya vā ? kiṃ cāta: ? ubhayathā ca doṡa ityāha- 

saṃskārā: saṃsaranti cenna nityā: saṃsaranti te | 

saṃsaranti ca nānityā: sattve’pyeṡa sama: krama: ||1|| 

tatra yadi saṃskārā: saṃsarantīti parikalpyate, kiṃ te nityā: saṃsaranti uta 

anityā: ? tatra na nityā: saṃsaranti niṡkriyatvāt, anityānāṃ ca ghaṭādīnāṃ sakriya- 

tvopalambhāt | atha anityā:, ye hi akriyā:, te utpādasamanantarameva vinaṡṭā: | ye ca 

vinaṡṭā:, kutasteṡāmavidyamānatvādvandhyāsūnusaṃskārāṇāmiva kvacid gamanam ? ityevama- 

nityānāmapi nāsti saṃsāra: || 

athāpi syāt-anityā eva santo hetuphalasaṃbandhaparaṃparayā avicchinnakramā: 

saṃtānena ca pravartamānā: saṃskārā: saṃsarantīti | etadapi nopapadyate | kuta: ? yat 

tāvadutpadyate kāryam, tasya saṃsāro nāsti, kutaścidanāgamanāt kvaciccāgamanāt | yacca 

kāraṇaṃ naṡṭam, tasyāpi saṃsāro nāsti, kutaścidanāgamanāt kvaciccāgamanāt | saṃskāra- 

mātravyatirekeṇa atītānāgatayorasiddhatvāt, naṡṭajātatvena avidyamānatvāt{1. ##After## avidyamānatvāt ##T adds## ca.} || 

unarasmin kṡaṇe utpanne pūrva: saṃsaratīti cet, yadi pūrvottarayorekatvaṃ syāt, 

syādetadevam | na tu ekatvamasti kāryakāraṇabhāvāt, cakṡūrūpacakṡurvijñānānāṃ nāsti ca | 

kiṃ ca ekatve sati pūrvottarakṡaṇavācyataiva na syāt | na hi eko devadatta: ekadā pūrva- 

ścottaraśceti vyapadiśyate | evamihāpi ekatvāt pūrvottarakṡaṇavyapadeśa eva na syāt | 

api ca | pūrvakṡaṇo naṡṭa iti na syāduttarakṡaṇavadavyatiriktatvāt | uttarakṡaṇa utpanna 

iti na syāt, pūrvakṡaṇavadavyatiriktatvāt | atha anyatve sati saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt, evaṃ sati 

arhatāmapi saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt | anyasya prthagjanasya saṃsārotpattisadbhāvāt | nirvrtaśca 

pradīpa: pradīpāntare jvalatīti syāt | kiṃ cānyat | naṡṭādvā pūrvakṡaṇāduttarasya kṡaṇasyo- 

@139

daya: syādanaṡṭānnaśyamānādvā ? tatra yadi naṡṭādiṡyate, vahnidagdhādapi bījāṅkurodaya: 

syāt, tataśca nirhetuka: syāt | atha anaṡṭāt, evamapi avikrte’pi bīje’ṅkurodaya: 

syāt, kāryakāraṇayośca yaugapadyaṃ syāt, nirhetukaścotpāda: syāt | naśyamānāditi cet | 

naṡṭānaṡṭavyatirekeṇa naśyamānābhāvāt, naṡṭānaṡṭayośca vihitadoṡatvānnaśyamānādapi 

nāstyutpattiriti, kuta: kāryakāraṇavyavasthā pūrvottarakṡaṇavyavasthā vā bhaviṡyati ? 

yadā ca pūrvottarakṡaṇavyavasthā kāryakāraṇavyavasthā ca{1. ##Mss. om.## ca ##which is based on T.##} nāsti, tadā saṃtāno’pi nāsti, 

tadabhāvānnāsti bhavatāṃ{2. ##T om.## bhavatāṃ.} saṃsāra iti anityānāmapi saṃskārāṇāṃ nāsti saṃsāra iti || 

atraike varṇayanti-satyaṃ saṃskārā na saṃsaranti utpattividhuratvāt, kiṃ tarhi 

sattva: saṃsaratīti | ucyate | sattve’pyeṡa sama: krama: | sattva: saṃsaratītyucyamāne kimasau 

nitya: saṃsarati, uta anitya:, iti vicāryamāṇe ya eva saṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsaraṇānupapatti- 

krama:, sa samatvātsattve’pi{3. ##T om.## samatvāt.} samo nipatati | tasmātsattvo’pi na saṃsarati ||1|| 

atrāha-naiva hi sattvasaṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsārānupapattikrama: samo bhavitumarhati, 

yasmādiha saṃskārāṇāṃ nityānityabhūtānāṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ nāstītyuktam | na caivamātmā nityā- 

nityabhūta: | tasya hi skandhebhyastattvānyatvāvaktavyatāvat{4. ##Mss. corrupt. Our text is based on T.##} nityatvenānityatvenāpya-

vaktavyatā vyavasthāpyate | tasmādātmaiva saṃsaratīti na coktadoṡaprasaṅga iti | ucyate- 

pudgala: saṃsarati cetskandhāyatanadhātuṡu | 

pañcadhā mrgyamāṇo’sau nāsti ka: saṃsariṡyati ||2|| 

yadi pudgalo nāma kaścit syāt, sa saṃsaret | na tvasti | yasmāt skandhāya- 

tanadhātuṡu pañcadhā mrgyamāṇo nāsti | kathaṃ krtvā ? 

indhanaṃ punaragnirna nāgniranyatra cendhanāt | 

nāgnirindhanavānnāgnāvindhanāni na teṡu sa: || 

[madhyamakaśāstra-10.14] 

agnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāta ātmopādānayo: krama: || 

[madhyamakaśāstra-10.15] 

ityevaṃ skandhāyatanadhātusvabhāva ātmā na bhavati | nāpi tebhyo vyatirikta: | na skandhā- 

yatanadhātumān | na skandhāyatanadhātuṡvātmā | nātmani skandhāyatanadhātava: | ityevaṃ 

pañcadhā mrgyamāṇa ātmā na saṃbhavati pūrvoditena nyāyena | yaścedānīṃ skandhāyatanadhātuṡvevaṃ 

vicāryamāṇa: pañcadhā na saṃbhavati, sa kathamavidyamāna: san saṃsariṡyatīti ? evamātma- 

no’pi nāsti saṃsāra:, vandhyāsutasyeva avidyamānatvāt ||2|| 

@140

api ca | ayamātmā- 

upādānādupādānaṃ saṃsaran vibhavo bhavet | 

vibhavaścānupādāna: ka: sa kiṃ saṃsariṡyati ||3|| 

bhavatu kāmamātmana: saṃsāra:, yadi anupādānasya sato’sya saṃsāro yukta: syāt | 

kathaṃ punarasya anupādānatā prasajyata iti pratipādayannāha- 

upādānādupādānaṃ saṃsaran vibhavo bhavet iti | 

iha hi manuṡyopādānāddevopādānaṃ gacchan parityajya vā manuṡyopādānaṃ devo- 

pādānaṃ gacchedaparityajya vā ? yadi tāvatparityajya gacchatītyucyate, tadā pūrvopādānasya 

parity#gāduttarasya cānupādānāttadantarāle vibhava: syāt | vigato bhavo vibhava: | bhava: 

pañcopādānaskandhā:, tadrahita: syāt | yaśca vibhavo’nupādāna:, sa skandharahitatvāt 

prajñaptyupādānakāraṇarahitatvānnirhetuka: syāt | yaśca anupādāno nirañjano’vyakto 

nirhetuka:, ka: sa: ? na kaścit sa: | nāstyeva sa ityartha: | tasmiścāsati tadabhāvādeva 

upādānamapi nirupādātrkaṃ nāstīti kiṃ saṃsariṡyati ? nāstyeva tat, yatsaṃsariṡya- 

tītyartha: | atha vā, kimityetat saṃsaraṇakriyāviśeṡaṇam | tataśca avidyamānatvāt naiva 

saṃsaraṇakriyāṃ kariṡyati | evaṃ tāvatpūrvopādānaparityāgena saṃsaraṇamayuktam | atha 

aparityāgena, tathāpi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? pūrvasyāparityāgāduttarasya ca grahaṃād 

yasmādekasyātmano dvyātmakatā syāt | na caitadiṡyata iti | tasmādaparityāgenāpi 

saṃsaraṇaṃ nāsti || 

atha pūrvottarayorbhavayormadhye āntarābhavikaskandhasaṃbhavāt{1. ##Mss.## antarābhavika^ ##for## āntarā^.}, taiśca sopādānatvāt 

sopādānaṃ saṃsarato’pi na vibhavatāprasaṅga iti | tadapi na yuktam, pūrvabhavaparityāgā- 

parityāgābhyāmāntarābhavikaskandhasaṃsāre’pi tulyaprasaṅgatvāt || 

yugapattyāgopādānādadoṡa iti cet, ucyate | kimekadeśena pūrvopādānaṃ tyajate 

ekadeśenāntarābhavopādānaṃ saṃcarati, atha sarvātmanā ? tatra yadi avayaveneti parikalpyate, 

tadā dvyātmakatāprasaṅgādityuktadoṡa: | atha sarvātmanā, evamapi sa eva vibhavatāprasaṅga 

āpadyate | etāvāṃstu viśeṡa:, yadantarābhavasaṃcāre’tisāmīpyāt sūkṡmaṃ kālamanupādāna: 

syāt | na ca sarvātmanā ekasya padārthasya abhinnapadārthasya viṡaye yugapat tyāgopādāne 

drṡṭe | na hi ekasya devadattasya sarvātmanā grhādgrhaṃ saṃcarata: ekadā tyāgopādānakriye 

dve saṃbhavata: | atha ekena pādena ekasya parity#gādaparasya copādānād yugapattyāgopādāne 

parikalpyete, nanu evaṃ sati pādadvayavad dvyātmakatā ātmana: syāt | aṃśena pūrvatrāva- 

sthānādaṃśena cottaratrāvasthānādanekāvayavatā prasajyeta | tasmād yaugapadyenāpi tyāgo- 

@141

pādāne na saṃbhavata: ityaparihāra evāyam | tasmādantarābhavopādāne’pi{1. ##Mss.## antarābhavaparyupādānasya ##for## antarābhavopādāne’pi ##which is based on T.##} sa eva doṡa- 

prasaṅga iti sarvathā ātmano’pi nāsti saṃsāra: || 

yadā ca saṃskārāṇāmātmanaśca saṃsāro nāsti, tadā nāstyeva saṃsāra iti 

sthitam ||3|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva saṃsāra:, pratidvandvisadbhāvāt | iha yon āsti, na tasya 

pratidvandvī vidyate, tadyathā vandhyāsūnoriti | asti ca saṃsārasya pratidvandvi nirvāṇam | 

tasmādasti saṃsāra iti | ucyate | syātsaṃsāra:, yadi tatpratidvandvi nirvāṇaṃ syāt | 

na tvastītyāha- 

saṃskārāṇāṃ na nirvāṇaṃ kathaṃcidupapadyate | 

sattvasyāpi na nirvāṇaṃ kathaṃcidupapadyate ||4|| 

yadi nirvāṇaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, tat parikalpyamānaṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ nityānāṃ vā 

parikalpyeta anityānāṃ vā ? tatra nityānāmavikāriṇāṃ kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ kuryāt ? anityā- 

nāmapi asaṃvidyamānānāṃ kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ kuryāditi sarvaṃ pūrveṇa tulyam | na kathaciditi na 

kenāpi prakāreṇetyartha: || 

atha sattvasya nirvāṇaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi nityasya vā anityasya vā anityasya vā pūrvavanno- 

papadyate || 

atha nityānityatvenāvācyasya parikalpyate, nanvevaṃ sati nirvāṇe’pyātmāstītya- 

bhyupetaṃ bhavati saṃsāra iva | api ca | sopādānasyaivātmana: avācyatā yujyate | na ca 

nirvāṇe upādānamastīti kuto’sya avācyatā ? bhavatu vā tattvānyatvāvācyatā ātmana:, 

api tu kimasau nirvāṇe’sti uta nāsti ? yadi asti, tadā mokṡe’pi{2. ##Mss.## mokṡa tasya ##for## mokṡe’pi tasya. ##Our text is based on T.##} tasya sadbhā- 

vānnityatā syāt | atha nāsti, tadā anitya ātmā syāt | tataśca tattvānyatvā- 

vācyatāvannityānityatvenāpi ātmana: avaktavyateti na syāt | atha nirvāṇe’pi 

ātmana: astitvanāstitvenāvācyataiva iṡyate, evamapi kimasau vijñeya:, atha na ? yadi 

vijñeya:, na tarhi nirupādāno’sāvātmā nirvāṇe vijñeyatvāt saṃsāra iva | atha na 

vijñāyate. tatrāsau avijñeyasvarūpatvāt khapuṡpavannāstyeveti kuto’sya avācyatā ? tadevaṃ 

nirvāṇamapi nāsti | tadabhāvānnāsti saṃsāra iti | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatyāmaṡṭa- 

sāhasrikāyām- 

nirvāṇamapyāyuṡman subhūte māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | buddhadharmā āyuṡman subhūte 

māyopamā: svapnopamā ityādi | sac et kulaputra nirvāṇādapyadhikataro’nyo dharmo’bhavi- 

ṡyat, tamapyahaṃ māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi || 

[aṡṭasāhasrikā-40] 

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tathā āryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake- 

paramārthasya supinena samaṃ 

nirvāṇaṃ svapnasamotaratī | 

mana evamotarati yena vidu 

manasaṃvara: kathitu śreṡṭhu ayam || 

[samādhirājasūtra-38.91] 

tathā- 

nirodhasatyaṃ supinaṃ yathaiva 

svapnasvabhāvāmatha nirvrtiṃ ca | 

yeneha vācottari bodhisattvo 

ayaṃ khu so vuccati vācasaṃvara: || 

[samādhirājasūtra-38.7] 

atrāha-yadyapi tvayā saṃsāranirvāṇe pratiṡiddhe, tathāpi bandhamokṡau vidyete | na 

cāvidyamānasya bhāvasvabhāvasya bandhamokṡau saṃbhavata: | tasmād bandhamokṡasadbhāvād vidyata 

eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti | ucyate | syādbhāvānāṃ svabhāva:, yadi bandhamokṡāveva 

syātām | na tu sta: ityāha- 

na badhyante na mucyante udayavyayadharmiṇa: | 

saṃskārā: pūrvavatsattvo badhyate na na mucyate ||5|| 

iha ya ime rāgādaya: kleśā: baddhānāmasvatantrīkaraṇe bandhanamiti vyapadiśyate, 

yaiśca baddhā: prthagjanā: traidhātukaṃ nātikramantīti vyavasthāpyate, tadetadrāgādikaṃ bandhanatvena 

parikalpyamānamudayavyayadharmiṇāṃ tāvat kṡaṇikānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmutpādānantaradhvaṃsināṃ 

naṡṭānāmasattvānna saṃbhavati | rāgādibandhanavicchedalakṡaṇo’pi mokṡa: anityānāṃ saṃskārā- 

ṇāmavidyamānatvānnaiva saṃbhavati | pūrvavat pūrvoktavidhinetyartha: | yathā ca pūrvoktavidhinā 

saṃskārāṇāṃ bandhamokṡau na saṃbhavata:, evaṃ pūrvavadeva sattvo’pi na badhyate nāpi mucyate, 

ityevaṃ bandhamokṡāvapi na sta: ||5|| 

atrāha-yadyapi saṃskārāṇāṃ sattvasya vā bandho nāsti, tathāpi rāgādikamupā- 

dānākhyaṃ bandhanabhūtamasti, tatsadbhāvādbandho’pi bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate | syādupādānam, 

bandhanaṃ yadi kaṃcitpadārthaṃ badhnīyāt, na tu badhnāti | yathā ca na badhnāti, tathā prati- 

pādayannāha- 

bandhanaṃ cedupādānaṃ sopādāno na badhyate | 

badhyate nānupādāna: kimavastho’tha badhyate ||6|| 

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tatra vidyamānopādāna: sopādāna:, sat āvadbhāvo na badhyate | yo hi sopādāna:, 

sa baddha eva | tasya punarapi bandhanayoga: kiṃ kuryāt ? yaścāpi anupādāna: bandhanarahita:, 

asāvapi bandhanarahitatvāt tathāgatavanna badhyate | anupādāna: bandhanarahita: badhyata iti 

parasparaviruddhatvāccāyuktametat | yaścaivaṃ nirūpyamāṇa:{1. ##Mss.## nirudhyamāna: ##for## nirūpyamāṇa: ##which is based on T.##} sopādāno nirupādāno vā na 

badhyate, sa idānīṃ kimavastho badhyatām ? nāstyevāsau kācidaparā asyāvasthā, yasyāṃ 

badhyetetyabhiprāya: | yadā caivaṃ nirūpyamāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ na kaṃcidapi badhnāti, tadā kaṃcidapya- 

badhnata upādānasya rāgāde: kuto bandhanatvamiti | tasmād bandhanamapi nāsti ||6|| 

api ca | 

badhnīyādbandhanaṃ kāmaṃ bandhyātpūrvaṃ bhavedyadi | 

na cāsti tat 

iha bandhyavyatirekeṇa bandhanaṃ nigaḍādikaṃ pūrvasiddhaṃ sat bandhyaṃ devadattaṃ badhnātīti 

drṡṭam | evaṃ yadi bandhyebhya: saṃskārebhya: pudgalādvā bandhyātpūrvaṃ rāgādikaṃ bandhanaṃ siddhaṃ 

syāt, tena pūrvasiddhena bandhanaṃ syāt saṃskārāṇāṃ pudgalasya vā | taccaitanna saṃbhavati 

nirāśrayasya rāgādikasya asiddhatvāt | pūrvasiddhasya ca bandhanasya paścād bandhyena saha 

saṃbandhasya niṡprayojanatvāt | bandhyasya ca bandhanātprthaksiddhasya pūrvabandhanāpekṡāniṡprayo- 

janatvācca nāsti bandhyādvandhanasya pūrvasiddhi: | tasmānnaiva bandhanaṃ kaṃcidapi bandhāti | 

na ca kaṃcidapyabadhnato bandhanatvaṃ yuktamiti nāsti bandhanam | bandhanābhāvācca bandhyo’pi 

nāstīti siddham | yatpunaratra śeṡaṃ dūṡaṇaṃ tat- 

śeṡamuktaṃ gamyamānagatāgatai: ||7|| 

iti veditavyam | ślokapāṭhaparivartanena-

baddho na badhyate tāvadabaddhau naiva badhyate | 

baddhābaddhavinirmukto badhyamāno na badhyate || 

ityādinā yojyam ||7|| 

atrāha-yadyapi bhavatā{2. ##Mss.## bhagavatā ##for## bhavatā ##which is confirmed by T.##} bandhanaṃ pratiṡiddham, tathāpi saṃsāracārakāgārāvabaddhā- 

nāmatrāṇānāṃ sattvānāṃ mahākāruṇikaistathāgatai: śīlasamādhiprajñātmakaskandhatrayopadeśo 

yadarthamukta:, sa tāvanmokṡo’sti | na ca abaddhasya puṃso mokṡa: | tasmād bandho’pyastīti | 

ucyate | syādbandho yadi mokṡa eva syāt | ihāyaṃ mokṡa: parikalpyamāna: baddhasya vā 

parikalpyeta abaddhasya vā ? kiṃ cāta: ? ubhayathā ca na yujyata ityāha- 

baddho na mucyate tāvadabaddho naiva mucyate | 

syātāṃ baddhe mucyamāne yugapadvandhamokṡaṇe ||8|| 

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tatra baddhasya mokṡo na saṃbhavati baddhatvāt | atha baddhatvāt | atha baddhasya paścādupāyena mokṡa 

iti krtvā baddha eva mucyate iti syāt, na tarhi baddho mucyata ikti vaktavyam, kiṃ tarhi 

mokṡyata iti | vartamānasāmīpyādeva mucyata iti cet, yadi kadācidapi mokṡa: saṃbhavet, 

tadā samīpe syāt, yadā tu kasyāṃcidapyavasthāyāṃ{1. ##Mss.## tasyāṃcit ##for## kasyāṃcit.} mokṡe iṡyamāṇe baddhasya mokṡāsaṃbhavena 

mokṡābhāva: pratipipādayiṡita:, tadā kuto vartamānasamīpatā ? evaṃ tāvad baddho na 

mucyate iti sthitam || 

idānīmabaddho’pi na mucyate | sa hi mukta eva | tasya punarapi mokṡa: kiṃ kuryāt ? 

muktānāṃ cārhatāṃ punarapi mokṡāpekṡatvād baddhataiva syāt, tataścārhato’pi bandha: syāt || 

atha syāt-abaddhasya mokṡāsaṃbhavād baddha eva mucyate iti, evaṃ sati baddhe 

mucyamāne parikalpyamāne baddhatvānmucyamānatvācca yaugapadyena bandhamokṡaṇe syātām | na 

ca parasparaviruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekasmin kāle bandhamokṡaṇe upapadyete | yataścaivaṃ 

baddhābaddhayormokṡāsabhava:, tasmānmokṡo’pi nāsti, tadabhāvācca bandhanamapi nāstīti 

siddham || 

atrāha-yadi bhavataiva saṃsāranirvāṇe niṡiddhe, bandhamokṡo ca pratiṡiddhau, ya eṡa 

saṃsāravinirmumukṡūṇāmavidyāsāndrāndhakāravividhakudarśanakaṭhinātidīrghalatāsaṃchāditasatpatha 

jātyādivividhāpayantavyasanāniṡṭataravipulavipākaphaladānuśayaviṡavrkṡasaṃkulaṃ viṃśati- 

śikharasamunnatatarātiprthusatkāyadrṡṭimahāśelapariveṡṭitasarvadiṅmukhaṃ viṡayasukhāśātipi- 

cchilavipulamahātaṭavivaravāhitrṡṇānadīmahāparikhaṃ saṃsāramahāṭavīkāntāraṃ nistitīrṡūṇāṃ 

paramāśvāsakara: kuśalo mahādhamacchanda:, kadā nu khalvahamanupādāno nirvāsyāmi, kadā 

nu me nirvāṇaṃ bhaviṡyatīti, nanu sa vyarthaka eva saṃjāyate, yaścāpyevamutpāditakuśalā- 

malavipuladharmacchandānāṃ{2. ##T## ^kuśaladharmacchandānāṃ ##for## ^kuśalāmavipuladharmacchandānāṃ.} 

kalyāṇamitrasaṃsevādānaśīlaśrutacintābhāvanādikramo nirvāṇa- 

prāptaye, nanu tasyāpi vaiyarthyaṃ syāditi | ucyate | yo hyevaṃ ni:svabhāveṡu sarvabhāveṡu 

pratibimbamarīcikājalālātacakrasvapnamāyendrajālasadrśeṡu ātmātmīyasvabhāvarahiteṡu
viparyāsamātrānugamāt tāmeva satkāyadrṡṭim ahaṃ mametyahaṃkāramamakārasamudācārapari- 

graheṇotpādya manyate- 

nirvāsyāmyanupādāno nirvāṇaṃ me bhaviṡyati | 

iti yeṡāṃ grahasteṡāmupādānamahāgraha: ||9|| 

ahamanupādāna: sarvopādānarahito nirvāsyāmi, mama caivaṃ pratipannasya nirvāṇaṃ 

bhaviṡyatīti, evaṃ yeṡāṃ mumukṡūṇāṃ grāho bhavati, nanu tadeva ahaṃkāramamakārākhyaṃ 

satkāyadrṡṭyupādānameṡāṃ mahāgraho bhavati, na caivaṃvidhamahāgrahābhiniviṡṭānāṃ śānti: 

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saṃbhāvyate | niravaśeṡagrahaprahāṇenaiva mokṡāvāptaye yāvadahaṃmameti grāhābhiniveśa:, yāvacca 

nirvāṇaṃ nāma astīti grāhābhiniveśa:{1. ##Mss.## grāhobhiniveśa: ##for## grāhābhiniveśa: ##which is confirmed by T.##}, yāvacca upādānatyāgābhiniveśa:, tāvanniyatameva 

anupāyena nirvāṇaṃ prārthayatāṃ sarva evārambhā vyarthā bhavanti | tasmānmumukṡuṇā sarvametat 

parity#jyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryadhyāyitamuṡṭisūtre{2. ##The citation from the## sūtra ##that follows is omitted in T.##}- 

atha khalu bhagavān mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat-caturṇāmāryasatyānāṃ 

yathābhūtārthādarśanāccaturbhirviparyāsairviparyastacittā: sattvā: evamimamabhūtaṃ saṃsāraṃ nāti- 

krāmanti | evamukte mañjuśrī: kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat-deśayatu bhagavān 

kasyopalambhata: sattvā: saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | bhagavānāha-ātmātmīyopalambhā- 

nmañjuśrī: sattvā: saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | tat kasya heto: ? yo hi mañjuśrīrātmānaṃ 

para ca samanupaśyati, tasya karmābhisaṃskārā{3. ##Mss.## kasyābhisaṃskārā: ##for## karmābhisaṃskārā:.} bhavanti | bālo mañjuśrīraśrutavān 

prthagjana: anyantāparinirvrtān sarvadharmānaprajānāna: ātmānaṃ paraṃ ca upalabhate | 

upalabhya abhiniviśate | abhiniviṡṭa: san rajyate duṡyate muhyate | sa rakto duṡṭo mūḍha: 

san trividhaṃ karma abhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manasā | sa: asatsamāropeṇa 

vikalpayati-ahaṃ rakta:, ahaṃ dviṡṭa:, ahaṃ mūḍha: iti | tasya tathāgataśāsane pravrajitasya 

evaṃ bhavati-ahaṃ śīlavān, ahaṃ brahmacārīti | ahaṃ saṃsāraṃ samatikramiṡyāmi | ahaṃ 

nirvāṇamanuprāpsyāmi | ahaṃ du:khebhyo mokṡyāmi | sa vikalpayati-ime kuśalā dharmā:, 

ime’kuśalā dharmā:, ime dharmā: prahātavyā:, ime dharmā: sākṡātkartavyā:, du:khaṃ parijñā- 

tavyam, samudaya: prahātavya:, nirodha: sākṡātkartavya:, mārgo bhāvayitavya: | sa vikalpayati- 

anityā: sarvasaṃskārā:, ādīptā: sarvasaṃskārā:, yannvahaṃ sarvasaṃskārebhya: palāyeyam | 

tasya evamavekṡamāṇasya utpadyate nirvitsahagato manasikāra:, animittapurogata: | tasyevaṃ 

bhavati-eṡā sā du:khaparijñā yeyameṡāṃ dharmāṇāṃ parijñā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-yannvahaṃ 

samudayaṃ prajaheyam | sa ebhyo dharmebhya ārtīyate jehrīyate vitarati vijugupsate uttrasyati 

saṃtrasyati saṃtrāsamāpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-iyameṡāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sākṡātkriyā | idaṃ 

samudayaprahāṇaṃ yadidamebhyo dharmebhyo’rtīyanā vijugupsanā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-nirodha: 

sākṡātkartavya: | samudayaṃ kalpayitvā nirodhaṃ saṃjānāti | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-eṡā sā 

nirodhasākṡātkriyā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-yannūnamahaṃ mārgaṃ bhāvayeyam | sa eko rahogata: 

tān dharmān manasi kurvan śamathaṃ pratilabhate | tasya tena nirvitsahagatena manasikāreṇa 

śamatha utpadyate | tasya sarvadharmeṡu cittaṃ pratilīyate{4. ##Mss.## na pralīyate ##for## pratilīyate ##which is confirmed by T.##} prativahati pratyudāvartate, tebhyaścā- 

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rtīyate, jehrīyate, anabhinandanācittamutpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-mukto’smi sarvadu:khebhya: | 

na mama bhūya uttariṃ kiṃcitkaraṇīyam | arhannasmi | ityātmānaṃ saṃjānāti | sa maraṇakāla- 

samaye utpattimātmana: samanupaśyati | tasya kāṅkṡā ca vicikitsā ca bhavati buddhabodhau | 

sa vicikitsāpatita: kālagato mahanirayeṡu prapatati | tatkasya heto: ? yathāpīdamanutpannān 

sarvadharmān vikalpayitvā tathāgate vicikitsāṃ vimatiṃ cotpādayati || 

atha khalu mañjuśrī: kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat-kathaṃ punarbhagavaṃścatvāri 

āryasatyāni draṡṭavyāni ? bhagavānāha-yena mañjuśrīranutpannā: sarvasaṃskārā drṡṭā: 

tena du:khaṃ parijñātam | yena asamutthitā: sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, tasya samudaya: prahīṇa: | yena 

atyantaparinirvrtā: sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, tena nirodha: sākṡātkrta: | yena atyantaśūnyā: 

sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, tena mārgo bhāvita: | yena mañjuśrīrevaṃ catvāri āryasatyāni drṡṭāni, 

san a kalpayati na vikalpayati-ime kuśalā dharmā;, ime’kuśalā dharmā: | ime dharmā: 

prahātavyā:, ime dharmā: sākṡātkartavyā: | du:khaṃ parijñātavyam | samudaya: prahātavya:, 

nirodha: sākṡātkartavya:, mārgo bhāvayitavya iti | tatkasya heto: ? tathāhi-sa taṃ 

dharmaṃ na samanupaśyati yaṃ parikalpayet | bālaprthagjanāstu etān dharmān kalpayanto rajyanti 

ca dviṡanti ca muhyanti ca | sa na kaṃciddharmamāvyūhati nirvyūhati | tasya evamanāvyūha- 

to’nirvyūhata: traidhātuke cittaṃ na sajjati, ajātaṃ sarvatraidhātukaṃ samanupaśyati || iti 

vistara: || 9|| 

ata eva asmādāgamāt paramārthasatya ucyate-

na nirvāṇasamāropo na saṃsārāpakarṡaṇam | 

yatra kastatra saṃsāro nirvāṇaṃ kiṃ vikalpyate ||10|| 

yatra hi nāma paramārthasatye naiva{1. ##T om.## naiva.} na nirvāṇasamāropa: na nirvāṇādhyāropa: 

saṃbhavati, anupalabhyamānatvāt, nāpi saṃsārāpakarṡaṇaṃ saṃsāraparikṡayo na saṃbhavati, kastatra 

saṃsāra: yo vikalpyate kṡayārtham, kiṃ vā tatra nirvāṇaṃ yatprāpyarthaṃ vikalpyate ? atha vā | yatra 

nirvāṇe kasyacit sattvasya saṃsārādapakarṡaṇamapanayanaṃ{2. ##P## upanayanaṃ ##for## apanayanaṃ.} nirvāṇe ca samāropaṇaṃ prayatnavatāpi 

na śakyate kartuṃ saṃsāranirvāṇayorapyanupalabhyamānatvāt, tatra kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ vikalpyate ? 

naiva hi kiṃcidvikalpayituṃ yuktam | avikalpayataśca niyataṃ yathoditasaṃsārāṭavīkāntā- 

rātikramo nirvāṇapuraprāptiśca bhaviṡyatīti | ata evoktamāryamāradamanasūtre- 

atha mañjuśrī: kumārabhūta: tasyāṃ velāyāṃ tathārūpaṃ samanvāhāraṃ samanvāharati 

sma, yanmāra: pāpīyānindrakīlabandhanabaddho dharaṇītalaprapatita: utkrośati sma-gāḍha- 

bandhanabaddho’smi | mañjuśrīrāha-asti pāpīyannetasmādbandhanādgāḍhataraṃ bandhanaṃ yena tvaṃ 

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nityabaddho na punarbadhyase ? tatpuna: katamat ? yadidamasmimānaviparyāsabandhanaṃ trṡṇādrṡṭi- 

bandhanam, idaṃ pāpīyan bandhanam | ato bandhanād gāḍhataraṃ bandhanaṃ na saṃvidyate | tena tvaṃ 

nityabaddho na punarbadhyase | peyālam | āha-kiṃ tvaṃ pāpīyannāttamanā bhūyā: yadi 

mucyethā: | āha-āttamanā bhaveyam, paramāttamanā bhaveyam || 

atha khalu suyāmo devaputro mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat-utsrja mañju- 

śrīrmāraṃ pāpīyāṃsam | gacchatu svabhavanam | atha khalu mañjuśrī: kumārabhūto māraṃ 

pāpīyāṃsametadavocat-kenāsi pāpīyan baddho yadātmānamutsrjasi ? āha-na jāne 

mañjuśrī:-kenāsmi baddha: iti | āha-yathā tvaṃ pāpīyan abaddho baddhasaṃjñī, evameva 

sarvabālaprthagjanā anitye nityasaṃjñina:, du:khe’du:khasaṃjñina:, aśubhe śubhasaṃjñina:, anātmani 

ātmasaṃjñina:, arūpe rūpasaṃjñina:, avedanāyāṃ vedanāsaṃjñina:, asaṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāsaṃjñina:, 

asaṃskāre saṃskārasaṃjñina:, avijñāne vijñānasaṃjñina: | api tu khalu puna: pāpīyan, 

yastvaṃ mokṡyase, kuto mokṡyase ? āha-nāhaṃ jāne{1. ##T om.## jāne.} kutaścinmokṡye | āha-evameva 

pāpīyan ye’pi mokṡyante, n ate kutaścidvimokṡyante, anyatra yā asau asadbhūtasaṃjñā | tāṃ 

parijānanti, tāṃ parijñāya vimuktā ityucyante || iti || 

ata eva āgamād asadviparyāsakalpanāmātralatābandhanavicchedo vimokṡo nirvāṇa- 

mityucyate svapnopalabdhadahanajvālānirvāpaṇavat tadanilasalilairiti ||10|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

bandhamokṡaparīkṡā nāma ṡoḍaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

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17 

karmaphalaparīkṡā saptadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva saṃsāra:, karmaphalasaṃbandhāśrayatvāt | yadi iha saṃtānā- 

vicchedakrameṇa janmamaraṇaparaṃparayā{1.##Mss.## janmamaraṇaparasparayo: ##for## ^paraṃparayā ##which is confirmed by T.##} hetuphalabhāvapravrttyā saṃskārāṇāmātmano vā saṃsaraṇaṃ 

syāt, syāttadānīṃ karmaphalasaṃbandha: | yathāvarṇite{2. ##Mss.## yathā paṇḍite ##for## yathāvarṇite ##which is based on T.##} saṃsārābhāve tu utpattyanantaravināśi- 

tvāccittasya {3. ##Mss.## karmākṡayakāle vipāka: syāt sadbhāvāt ##for## karmā..dbhāvāt ##which is confirmed by T.##}karmākṡepakāle ca vipākasyāsadbhāvāt karmaphalasaṃbandhābhāva eva syāt | 

saṃsārasadbhāve tu sati iha krtasya karmaṇo janmāntare’pi vipākaphalasaṃbandhāt karmaṇāṃ 

phalasabandho na virodhito bhavati | tasmādvidyata eva saṃsāra: karmaphalasaṃbandhāśrayatvā- 

diti | kāni punastāni karmāṇi kiṃ vā tatphalamiti tatprabhedavivakṡayedamucyate- 

ātmasaṃyamakaṃ ceta: parānugrāhakaṃ ca yat | 

maitraṃ sa dharmastadvījaṃ phalasya pretya ceha ca ||1|| 

tatra āhita: utpādita: ahaṃmāno’sminnityātmā | skandhānupādāya prajñapyamāna: 

pudgala ātmetyucyate | cinoti upacinoti śubhamaśubhaṃ karma vipākadānasāmarthye niyama- 

yatīti ceta: | cittaṃ mana: vijñānamiti tasyaiva paryāyā: | ātmānaṃ saṃyamayati viṡayeṡva- 

svatantrayati rāgādikleśavaśena pravrttiṃ nivārayatītyātmasaṃyamakam | tadetadātmasaṃyamakaṃ 

kuśalaṃ ceta: prāṇātipātādiṡu pravrttividhārakaṃ durgatigamanāddhārayatīti dharma ityucyate || 

dharmaśabdo’yaṃ pravacane tridhā vyavasthāpita: | svalakṡaṇadhāraṇārthena kugatigamana- 

vidhāraṇārthena pāñcagatikasaṃsāravidhāraṇārthena | tatra svalakṡaṇadhāraṇārthena sarve sāsravā 

anāsravāśca dharmā ityucyante | kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthena daśakuśalādayo dharmā ityucyante | 

dharmacārī sukhaṃ śete asmiṃlloke paratra ca || 

[dhammapada-168-169] 

pāñcagatikasaṃsāragamanavidhāraṇārthena nirvāṇe dharma ityucyate, dharmaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchatītyatra | 

iha tu kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthenaiva dharmaśabdo’bhipreta: || 

kiṃ punarātmasaṃyamakamevaikaṃ ceta: dharma iti ? netyāha | kiṃ tarhi parānugrāhakaṃ ca 

maitraṃ ca yacceta:, asāvapi dharma: | maitramityatra caśabdo luptanirdiṡṭo veditavya: | tatra 

@149

paramanugrhṇātīti parānugrāhakaṃ ceta:, catu:saṃgrahavastupravrttaṃ bhayaparitrāṇapravrttaṃ ca yacceta:, 

asāvapi dharma: | mitre bhavamaviruddhaṃ sattveṡu yacceta:, tanmaitraṃ ceta: | maitraṃ yacceta:, 

tanmaitraceta:, maitrameva{1. ##T## api ca | mitrataiva maitram, ātyānugrāhakaṃ yaccittam, tadeva maitracittam ##for## maitrameva vā.} vā | yaccaitat trividha ceto nirdiṡṭam, sa dharma ityucyate |

viparyayādadharmo yojya: || 

yaccaitannirdiṡṭaprabhedaṃ ceta:, tadbījaṃ phalasya | asādhāraṇaṃ phalābhinirvrttau 

yatkāraṇam, tadeva bījamityucyate | tadyathā śālyaṅkurasya śālibījam | yattu sādhāraṇaṃ 

kṡityādi na tadbījaṃ kāraṇametat | yathaitadevam, ihāpi iṡṭasya vipākasyābhinirvrttau 

trividhaṃ ceto bhavati bījam | puruṡakārādayastu kāraṇameva || 

kasmin puna: kāle bījasya phalaniṡpattirityāha-pretya ceha ca | pretyeti 

adrṡṭe janmani, iheti drṡṭe janmanītyartha: | etacca āgamādvistareṇa boddhavyam ||1|| 

evaṃ tāvat cittātmakamevaikaṃ dharmaṃ vyavasthāpya punarapi dvividhaṃ bhagavatā- 

cetanā cetayitvā ca karmoktaṃ paramarṡiṇā | 

paramārthadarśanādrṡi: | paramaścāsau rṡiśceti paramarṡi: sarvākāratayā paramārtha- 

gamanāt śrāvakapratyekabuddhebhyo’pi utkrṡṭatvāt paramarṡi: saṃbuddho bhagavān | tena paramarṡiṇā 

cetanā karma, cetayitvā ca karmetyuktaṃ sūtre || 

yaccaitad dvividhaṃ karmoktam- 

tasyānekavidho bheda: karma parikīrtita: ||2|| 

kathaṃ krtvā ? 

tatra yaccetanetyuktaṃ karmaṇa tanmānasaṃ smrtam | 

cetayitvā ca yattūktaṃ tattu kāyikavācikam ||3|| 

manasi bhavaṃ mānasam | manodvāreṇaiva niṡṭhāgamanāt kāyavākpravrttinirapekṡatvācca 

manovijñānasaṃprayuktaiva cetanā mānasaṃ karmetyucyate | tatraśabdo nirdhāraṇe | yattu dvitīyaṃ 

cetayitvā ca karmetyuktam, tatpuna: kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ ca veditavyam | evaṃ ca evaṃ ca 

kāyavāgbhyāṃ pravartiṡye ityevaṃ cetasā saṃcintya yat kriyate, taccetayitvā karmetyucyate | 

tatpunardvividham, kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ ca | kāyavācorbhavatvāt taddvāreṇa ca niṡṭhāgamanāt | 

evaṃ ca trividham-kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ mānasaṃ ca ||3|| 

etadapi trividhaṃ karma punarbhidyamānaṃ saptavidhaṃ saṃjāyate, ityevaṃ tasya karmaṇo 

bhagavatā bahuprakāro bhedo’nuvarṇita: | kathaṃ krtvā ? 

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vāgviṡpando’viratayo yāścāvijñaptisaṃjñitā: | 

avijñaptaya evānyā: smrtā viratayastathā ||4|| 

paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyamapuṇyaṃ ca tathāvidham | 

cetanā ceti saptaite dharmā:karmāñjanā: smrtā: ||5|| 

tatra vyaktavarṇoccāraṇaṃ vāk | viṡpanda: śarīraceṡṭā | tatra kuśalākuśalā vā 

vāk sarvaiva viratyaviratilakṡaṇā vijñaptisamutthāpikā sāmānyena vāgiti grhyate | 

evaṃ kuśalo’kuśalo vā viratyaviratilakṡaṇo vijñaptisamutthāpako viṡpanda: sāmānyena 

grhyate || yathā caitadvijñapterdvidhā bheda:, evamavijñapterapi | aviratilakṡaṇā avijñaptaya: 

viratilakṡaṇāśceti krtvā | tatra aviratilakṡaṇā avijñaptaya: tadyathā adyaprabhrti mayā 

prāṇinaṃ hatvā cauryaṃ krtvā jīvikā parikalpayitavyeti pāpakarmābhyupagamātprabhrti 

tadakāriṇo’pi akuśalakarmābhyupagamahetukā: satatasamitamavijñaptaya: samupajāyante | 

kaivartādīnāṃ ca jālādiparikarmakālātprabhrti tadakāriṇāmapi yā avijñaptaya upajāyante, 

tā etā aviratilakṡaṇā avijñaptaya ityucyante | yathā caitāstathā anyā: viratilakṡaṇā: 

kuśalasvabhāvā avijñaptaya: | tadyathā-adyaprabhrti prāṇātipātādibhya: prativiramāmīti 

kāyavāgvijñaptiparisamāptikālakṡaṇātprabhrti taduttarakālaṃ pramattādyavasthasyāpi yā: 

kuśalopacayasvabhāvā avijñaptaya upajāyante, tā etā viratilakṡaṇā avijñaptaya ityu- 

cyante | etā rūpakriyāsvabhāvā api satyo vijñaptivat parānna vijñāpayantītyavijñaptaya: || 

tathā paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyam, kuśalamityartha: | paribhogena anvaya: asyeti 

paribhogānvayam | paribhoga: parityaktasya vastuna: saṃghādibhirupabhoga: | anvaya: anugama: | 

dāyakasaṃtānaja: kuśalopacaya ityartha: || 

apuṇyaṃ ca tathāvidham, paribhogānvayamityartha: | tadyathā devakulādipratiṡṭhāpanam, 

yatra sattvā hanyante | yathā yathā hi tatkīrtau prāṇino hanyante, tathā tathā taddevakulā- 

dyupabhogāt tatkartr#ṇāṃ saṃtāne paribhogānvayamapuṇyamapi jāyate, ityevamapuṇyaṃ ca 

tathāvidhaṃ bhavati || 

cittābhisaṃskāramanaskarmalakṡaṇā cetanā ceti || 

saṃkṡepeṇa etatsaptavidhaṃ karma bhavati-kuśalākuśalā vāk, kuśalākuśalo 

viṡpanda:, kuśalamavijñaptilakṡaṇam, akuśalamavijñaptilakṡaṇam, paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyam, 

paribhogānvayamapuṇyam, cetanā ceti ||

ete ca sapta dharmā: karmāñjanā: karmatvenābhivyaktā: karmalakṡaṇā: smrtā: ||5|| 

atraike paricodayanti-yadetat karma bahuvidhamuktam, tat kimāvipākakālādava- 

tiṡṭhate, atha na tiṡṭhati utpattyanantaravināśitvāt ? yadi tāvat- 

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tiṡṭhatyāpākakālāccetkarma tannityatāmiyāt | 

niruddhaṃ cenniruddhaṃ satkiṃ phalaṃ janayiṡyati ||6|| 

yadi utpannaṃ sat karma āvipākakālaṃ svarūpeṇāvatiṡṭhate iti parikalpyate, tad 

iyantaṃ kālamasya nityatā āpadyate vināśarahitatvāt | paścādvināśasadbhāvānna nityatva-

miti cet naitadevam, pūrvaṃ vināśarahitasya ākāśādivat paścādapi vināśena 

saṃbandhābhāvāt | vināśarahitasya ca asaṃskrtatvaprasaṅgāt, asaṃskrtānāṃ ca vipākā- 

darśanāt, avipākatvena sadaivāvasthānāt nityatābhyupagama eva karmaṇāmupapadyate | ityevaṃ 

tāvannityatve doṡa: | atha utpādānantaravināśitvameva karmaṇāmabhyupetam, nanu

evaṃ sati- 

niruddhaṃ cenniruddhaṃ sat kiṃ phalaṃ janayiṡyati | 

abhāvībhūtaṃ sat karma avidyamānasvabhāvatvānnaiva phalaṃ janayiṡyatītyabhiprāya: ||6|| 

tatraike nikāyāntarīyā pariah#raṃ varṇayanti-utpattyanantaravināśitvātsaṃskārā- 

ṇām, anityatvadoṡastāvadasmākaṃ nopapadyate | yaccāpyuktam- 

niruddhaṃ cenniruddhaṃ sat kiṃ phalaṃ janayiṡyati | 

iti atrāpi parihāraṃ brūma:- 

yo'ṅkuraprabhrtirbījātsaṃtāno'bhipravartate | 

tata: phalamrte bījātsa ca nābhipravartate ||7|| 

iha bījaṃ kṡaṇikapi sat svajātīyabhāviphalaviśeṡaniṡpattisāmarthyaviśeṡayuktasyaiva 

saṃtānasya aṅkurakāṇḍanālapatrādyabhidhānasya hetubhāvamapyupagamya nirudhyate | yaścāyamaṅkura- 

prabhrtirbījātsaṃtāna: pravartate, tasmāt krameṇa sahakārikāraṇavaikalye sati svalpādapi 

hetorvipulaphalapracaya upajāyate | rte bījāt vinā bījāt sa ca aṅkurādisaṃtāna: 

nābhipravartate | tadevaṃ tadbhāve bhāvitvena tadabhāve ca abhāvitvena bījahetukatvamaṅkurādi- 

saṃtānasya phalasyopadarśitaṃ bhavati ||7|| 

tadevam- 

bījācca yasmātsaṃtāna: saṃtānācca phalodbhava: | 

bījapūrvaṃ phalaṃ tasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam ||8|| 

yadi iha bījamaprasūya aṅkurādisaṃtānaṃ jvālāṅgarādivirodhipratyayasāṃnidhyānni-

rudhyeta{1. ##Mss.## jvālamagārādivirodha: pratyaya^ ##for## jvālāṅgārādivirodhipratyaya^.}, tadā tatra kāryasaṃtānapravrttyadarśanāt syāducchedadarśanam | yadi ca bījaṃ na

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nirudhyeta, aṅkurādisaṃtānaśca pravarteta, tadā bījasyānirodhābhyupagamācchāśvatadarśanaṃ syāt, 

na caitadevam, ityato nāsti bījasya śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅga:{1. ##P om.## ^darśana^ ##against Mss.##} ||8|| 

yathā ca bīje ayaṃ kramo'nuvarṇita:, evam- 

yastasmāccittasaṃtānaścetaso'bhipravartate | 

tata: phalamrte cittātsa ca nābhipravartate ||9|| 

tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāviśeṡasaṃprayuktāccittād ya: cittasaṃtānastaddhetuka: 

pravartate, tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāparibhāvitāccittasaṃtānāt{2. ##T om.## akuśala^.} sahakārikāraṇasaṃni- 

dhānāvaikalye sati iṡṭamaniṡṭaṃ phalamupajāyate sugatidurgatiṡu | rte tu taccittāt citta- 

mantareṇa sa ca nābhipravartate ||9|| 

tadevam-

cittācca yasmātsaṃtāna: saṃtānācca phalodbhava: |

karmapūrvaṃ phalaṃ tasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam ||10|| 

yadi arhaccaramacittamiva taddhetuphalapāraṃparyāvicchinnakramavartino bhāvinaścitta-

saṃtānasya hetubhāvamanupagamya kuśalaṃ cittaṃ nirudhyeta, tadā ucchinnaṃ tatkarma syāt | 

athāpi anāgatasaṃtānasya hetubhāvamupagamya svarūpādapracyutaṃ syāt, syāttadānīṃ karma 

śāśvatam | na caitadevamiti | tasmāt kṡaṇikakarmābhyupagame'pi nāsti ucchedaśāśvata-

darśanadvayaprasaṅga iti ||10|| 

tadatra yathoditakarmaprabhedavyākhyāne daśa kuśalā: karmapathā vyākhyātā: | te ca- 

dharmasya sādhanopāyā: śuklā: karmapathā daśa | 

phalaṃ kāmaguṇā: pañca dharmasya pretya ceha ca ||11|| 

ta ete daśa kuśalā: karmapathā dharmasya sādhanopāyā niṡpattihetubhūtā ityartha: || 

ka: punarasau kuśalakarmapathavyatirikto dharmo nāma, yasyaite sādhanopāyatvena 

vyavasthāpyante ? ucyate | cittaviśeṡa eva kaścit dharmaśabdenokta: || 

ātmasaṃyamakaṃ ceta: parānugrāhakaṃ ca yat | 

maitraṃ sa dharma: 

[madhyamakaśāstra-17.1]

ityanena | atha vā | pariniṡṭhitarūpā ete daśa kuśalā: karmapathā dharmaśabdavācyā bhavanti,

kriyamāṇarūpāstu kuśalakarmapathavācyā bhavanti | tadasya uktalakṡaṇasya ete daśa kuśalā: 

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karmapathā niṡpattau hetutvena vyavasthāpyante | kathaṃ punaratra prakrānte karmavibhāge daśa kuśalā: 

karmapathā iti ? ucyate- 

vāgviṡpando'viratayo yāścāvijñaptisaṃjñitā: | 

[madhyamakaśāstra-17.4] 

ityādinā kāyikāstraya: karmapathā: vācikāścatvāro vyākhyātā: | cetanā cetyanena 

abhidhyāvyāpādasamyagdrṡṭyākhyāstrayo{1. ##T## anabhidhyā^ ##for## abhidhyā^.} mānasā vyākhyātā: | ityevaṃ daśāpi kuśalā:

karmapathā atra vyākhyātā: | te ca yathoditasya dharmasya niṡpattihetavo bhavanti | asya ca 

dharmasya rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṡṭavyalakṡaṇā: pañca kāmaguṇā: | pretya ca adrṡṭe paraloke 

ityartha:, iha ceti ihaloke ityartha:, phalamupabhujyate iti ||11|| 

evaṃ tāvadaikanikāyikairākṡepaparihāre varṇite sati, tān prati apare doṡamudbhāvya 

anyākṡepaparihāraṃ varṇayanta: āhu:-

bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṡā: syurapi kalpanā | 

yadyeṡā tena naivaiṡā kalpanātropapadyate ||12|| 

yadi bījāṅkurasādharmyeṇa cittasaṃtāne śāśvatocchedadarśanadvayadoṡaprasaṅgaparihāra:

syāt, tadā bahavaśca doṡā: saṃkhyābahutvena mahāntaśca drṡṭādrṡṭavirodhena parapakṡe prāpnuvanti | 

kathaṃ krtvā ? yadi hi bījasaṃtānadrṡṭāntena śālibījāt śālyaṅkurādisaṃtāna eva

pravartate, na vijātīya:, śālyaṅkurādisaṃtānācca śāliphalameva upajāyate, na bilvaphalam, 

bhinnajātīyatvāt, evamihāpi kuśalacittāt kuśalacittasaṃtāna{2. ##Mss.## kuśalasaṃtāna: ##for## kuśalacittasaṃtāna 

##which reading is confirmed by T.##} eva syāt, samāna- 

jātīyattvāt, na akuśalāvyākrtacittasaṃtāna:,{3. ##Mss. and T om.## ^citta^.} vijātīyatvāt | evamakuśalāvyākrta- 

cittādakuśalāvyākrtacittasaṃtāna eva syānnānya:, bhinnajātīyatvāt | kāmarūpārūpyā- 

vacarānāsravacittebhya: sadrśānāmeva cittānāṃ kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānāsravāṇāmutpāda:

syāt, na bhinnajātīyānām | manuṡyacittānmanuṡyacittameva syānna devanārakatiryagādyanya- 

cittam | tataśca yo deva: sa deva eva syāt, yo manuṡya: sa manuṡya eva syādityādi | 

tataśca akuśalamapi kurvatāṃ devamanuṡyāṇāṃ gatiyonivarṇabuddhīndriyabalarūpabhogādivaicitryaṃ 

na syādapāyapatanaṃ ca | iṡyate caitatsarvamiti | eva bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṡā yasmādvīja- 

saṃtānasādharmyakalpanāyāṃ prasajyante, tasmānnaiṡā kalpanā atropapadyate ||12|| 

imāṃ puna: pravakṡyāmi kalpanāṃ yātra yojyate | 

buddhai: pratyekabuddhaiśca śrāvakaiścānuvarṇitām ||13|| 

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kā cāsau kalpanetyāha- 

patraṃ yathāvipraṇāśastatharṇamiva karma ca | 

caturvidho dhātuta: sa prakrtyāvyākrtaśca sa: ||14|| 

iha kuśalaṃ karma krtaṃ sat utpādānantarameva nirudhyate, na ca tasminniruddhe phalā- 

bhāvaprasaṅga: | yasmād yadaiva tatkarma utpadyate, tadā etasya karmaṇo'vipraṇāśo nāma 

viprayukto dharma: kartu: saṃtāne samupajāyate rṇapatrasthānīya: | tadevaṃ patraṃ yathā avi-

praṇāśa: tathā veditavya: | yasya ca asau avipraṇāśākhyo dharma utpadyate, rṇamiva 

tatkarma veditavyam | yathā ca rṇapatrāvasthānāt prayukte'pi dhane dhanino na dhananāśo 

bhavati, saṃbadhyata eva sa kālāntareṇa pañcamena{1. ##T om.## pañcamena.} dhanaskandhena, tathā vinaṡṭe'pi karmaṇi 

avipraṇāśākhyadharmāntarāvasthānāt tannimittakena phalena abhisaṃbadhyata eva kartā | yathā

ca rṇapatraṃ dāturdhanābhyāgamaṃ krtvā nirbhuktaṃ sat punarapi vidyamānaṃ vā avidyamānaṃ vā 

na dhanābhyāgame samartham, evamavipraṇāśo'pi dattavipāka: san vidyamāno vā avidyamāno 

vā na śaknoti nirbhuktapatravat kartu: punarapi vipākasaṃbandhaṃ kartum || 

yaścāyamavipraṇāśo'smābhirukta: sūtrāntarokta:, caturvidho dhātuta: sa kāmarūpā- 

rūpyāvacarānāsravabhedāt, prakrtyā avyākrtaśca sa: | kuśalākuśalatvena avyākaraṇāda- 

vyākrta evāvipraṇāśa: | yadi asau akuśalānāṃ karmaṇāmakuśala: syāt, tadā kāmaṃ 

vītarāgāṇāṃ na syāt | yadi ca kuśalānām, kuśala: syāt, samucchinnakuśalamūlānāṃ sa 

na syāt | tasmāt prakrtyavyākrta evāsau ||14|| 

kiṃ ca | 

prahāṇato na praheyo bhāvanāheya eva vā | 

sa cāyamavipraṇāśa: prahāṇato na praheya: | pārthagjanikāni karmāṇi darśanamārgeṇaiva 

prahīyante mā bhūdārya: prthagjanakarmasamanvāgata iti | avipraṇāśastu tatkarmaprahāṇe'pi 

darśanamārgeṇa na prahīyate, kiṃ tu bhāvanāmārgeṇa vā tasyā prahāṇaṃ bhavati | dhātusamati-

kramaṇapraheya eveti vāśabdo vikalpārtha: || 

yataścaivamavipraṇāśa: karmavināśe'pi na naśyati, karmaprahāṇe'pi na prahīyate, 

tasmādavipraṇāśena jāyate karmaṇāṃ phalam ||15|| 

yadi punarapi asya avipraṇāśasya karmaṇa: prahāṇena prahāṇātprahāṇata: prahāṇaṃ 

syāt, karmaṇaśca saṃkrameṇa karmaṇo vināśena karmāntarasaṃmukhībhāvena vināśa: syāt, ko 

doṡa: syāditi ? ucyate- 

@155

prahāṇata: praheya: syātkarmaṇa: saṃkrameṇa vā | 

yadi doṡā: prasajyeraṃstatra karmavadhādaya: ||16|| 

yadi darśanamārgeṇa pārthagjanikakarmavadavipraṇāśa: prahīyeta, tadā karmaṇo vināśa 

eva syāt | karmavināśācca āryāṇāmiṡṭāniṡṭakarmaphalavipāka: pūrvakarmaphalahetuko na 

syāt | akrtasyaiva karmaṇa: phalodaya: syāt | karmaphalābhāvadarśanācca mithyādarśanaṃ

syāditi | evaṃ karmavadhādayo doṡā: prasajyante prahāṇata: praheyatvābhyupagame sati avi- 

praṇāśasya | evaṃ karmaṇa: saṃkrame'pi yojyam ||16|| 

sarveṡāṃ viṡabhāgānāṃ sabhāgānāṃ ca karmaṇām | 

pratisaṃdhau sadhātūnāmeka utpadyate tu sa: ||17|| 

bhinnajātīyāni karmāṇi viṡabhāgāni | sadrśāni sabhāgāni | teṡāṃ sarveṡāmeva

sabhāgānāṃ ca viṡabhāgānāṃ ca karmaṇāṃ kāmarūpārūpyadhātupratisaṃdhiṡu sarvakarmāpamardana:

eka eva avipraṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāpi sadhātūnāṃ samānadhātukānāmeva utpadyate na 

viṡabhāgadhātukānām ||17|| 

karmaṇa: karmaṇo drṡṭe dharma utpadyate tu sa: | 

dviprakārasya sarvasya vipakve'pi ca tiṡṭhati ||18|| 

sa cāyamavipraṇāśākhyo dharma: sarvasyaiva karmaṇa: cetanācetayitvāsvabhāvasya sāsra- 

vānāsravabhedena vā dviprakārabhinnasya drṡṭe dharme ihaiva janmani karmaṇa: karmaṇa: ekaiko'vi- 

praṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāyamavipraṇāśo vipakve'pi vipāke nāvaśyaṃ nirudhyate, nirbhukta- 

patravacca vidyamāno'pi san na śaknoti punarapi vipaktum ||18|| 

phalavyatikramādvā sa maraṇādvā nirudhyate | 

anāsravaṃ sāsravaṃ ca vibhāgaṃ tatra lakṡayet ||19|| 

tatra phalavyatikramānnirudhyate | yathoktam-bhāvanāheya eveti | maraṇānnirudhyate | 

yathoktam- 

pratisaṃdhau sadhātūnāmeka utpadyate tu sa: | iti |

sa cāyaṃ sāsravāṇāṃ sāsrava:, anāsravāṇāmanāsrava: ityevaṃ vibhāgaṃ lakṡayet ||19|| 

tadevam- 

śūnyatā ca na coccheda: saṃsāraśca na śāśvatam | 

karmaṇo'vipaṇāśaśca dharmo buddhena deśita: ||20||

yasmāt karma krtaṃ sat nirudhyate, na svabhāvenāvatiṡṭhate, tasmāt karmaṇa: svabhāve- 

nāvasthānāt śūnyatā copapadyate | na caivaṃ karmaṇo'navasthānāducchedadarśanaprasaṅga:, avi- 

praṇāśaparigraheṇa karmavipākasadbhāvāt | vipākābhāve hi karmaṇa: ucchedadarśanaṃ 

@156

syāt | avipraṇāśadharmasadbhāvāt bījasaṃtānasādharmyaparikalpanābhāvācca nānāgatijātiyo- 

nidhātubhedabhinnaśca pāñcagatika: saṃsāro vicitra: siddho bhavati | na ca śāśvatavādaprasaṅga:, 

karmaṇa: svarūpeṇāvasthānānabhyupagamāt | karmaṇāṃ ca avipraṇāśa:, avipraṇāśasadbhāvāt, 

iti | evaṃ niravaśeṡāvidyānidrāpagamādvibuddhena bhagavatā yasmādayaṃ dharmo deśita:, tasmād 

yatpūrvamuktaṃ pareṇa- 

tiṡṭhatyāpākakālāccet karma tannityatāmiyāt | 

niruddha cenniruddhaṃ sat kiṃ phalaṃ janayiṡyati || iti | 

[madhyamakaśāstra-17.6] 

tadasmatpakṡe nopapadyate iti | tasmādasmābhirupavarṇitakalpanaiva nyāyyā iti ||20|| 

atrocyate-kimiha bhavanto gandharvanagaraprākārapatanātiśaṅkitayā atīvodvignā: 

tatparirakṡāpariśramāyāsamāpannā:, ye nāma yūyaṃ karmaṇyanupapadyamāne tatphalanimittaṃ 

vipravadadhvam ? yadi hi karmaṇa: svarūpeṇaivotpāda: syāt, tasya āvipākamavasthānā- 

nnityatvaṃ syāt, vināśāduccheda: syāt | yadā tu karma naivotpadyate svabhāvaśūnyatvāt, 

tadā tasya kuto'vasthānaṃ vināśo vā, yata eṡā cintā syāt ? atrāha- 

karma notpadyate kasmāt 

ācārya āha- 

ni:svabhāvaṃ yatastata: | 

yasmānni:svabhāvaṃ karma tasmānnotpadyate | yadi khalvevaṃ ni:svabhāvatvātkarma 

notpadyate, tat kathamevamuktaṃ bhagavatā- 

na praṇaśyanti karmāṇi kalpakoṭiśatairapi | 

sāmagrīṃ prāpya kālaṃ ca phalanti khalu dehinām || iti ? 

ucyate- 

yasmācca tadanutpannaṃ na tasmādvipraṇaśyati ||21|| 

ityevaṃ bhagavato'bhiprāya iti | ato nāyamasmākaṃ bādhako vidhiriti ||21|| 

avaśyaṃ caitadevaṃ vijñeyam-ni:svabhāvaṃ karmeti | anyathā hi- 

karma svabhāvataścetsyācchāśvataṃ syādasaṃśayam | 

akrtaṃ ca bhavetkarma kriyate na hi śāśvatam || 

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yadi hi karma svabhāvata: syāt, muktasaṃśayaṃ tacchāśvataṃ syāt, svabhāvasyānyathā- 

bhāvābhāvāt | tataśca akrtameva karma bhavet | {1. ##T om. from## kartu: ##upto## na yujyate.}kartu: svatantrasya kriyayā yadīpsitatamaṃ

tatkarma | etacca na yujyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt kriyate na hi śāśvatam | śāśvataṃ hi 

nāma tad yadvidyamānasattākam | yacca vidyamānaṃ tasya karaṇānupapatte: tannaiva kāraṇamapekṡata 

iti || 22 || 

śubhāśubhe karmaṇi akrta eva sakalasya lokasya vipāko yasmāt, tataśca- 

akrtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syātkarmākrtakaṃ yadi |

abrahmacaryavāsaśca doṡastatra prasajyate ||23|| 

yadi hi akrtaṃ karma bhavet, tadā akrtabhyāgamabhayaṃ syāt | yenāpi hi prāṇāti- 

pātādikaṃ na krtam, tasyāpi akrtamapi sat tat karma astyeveti tenāpyasya saṃbandhāda- 

krtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syāt | abrahmacaryavāsaśca tatra pakṡe prāpnoti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? pariśuddha- 

brahmacaryavāsānna kasyacinnirvāṇena bhavitavyaṃ syāt ||23|| 

kiṃ cāta: ? 

vyavahārā virudhyante sarva eva na saṃśaya: | 

puṇyapāpakrtonaiva pravibhāgaśca yujyate ||24|| 

ye hi ete krṡivāṇijyagorakṡādaya: kriyārambhā: phalārthamārabhyante, teṡāṃ 

sarveṡāmakrtānāmeva vidyamānatvāt prārambhavaiyarthyaṃ syāt | ghaṭaṃ kuru, paṭaṃ kuru, ityeva-

mādayaśca sarva eva laukikavyavahārā virudhyante, ghaṭādīnāṃ sarveṡāmeva vidyamānatvāt | 

puṇyakrdayam, pāpakrdayam, iti ca pravibhāgo na prāpnoti, ubhayorapi puṇyapāpakrto: 

akrtayorapi puṇyapāpayo: pratyekaṃ vidyamānatvāt ||24|| 

kiṃ ca- 

tadvipakvavipākaṃ ca punareva vipakṡyati | 

karma vyavasthitaṃ yasmāttasmātsvābhāvikaṃ yadi ||25|| 

vipakvavipākasyāpi karmaṇa: punarvipākadānamāpadyate svarūpādapracyutatvāt, 

avipakvavipākāvasthāyāmiva | tadevaṃ yadi karma svābhāvikamiti manyase, yasmāt 

vyavasthitamasti, tasmānni:saṃśayaṃ yathopavarṇitā doṡā: prāpnuvanti sasvabhāvatve | 

tasmānni:svabhāvaṃ karma, yataśca ni:svabhāvaṃ karma, tasmācchāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgo naivā-

smākamevaṃ vyācakṡamāṇānāmāpadyate iti ||25|| 

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atrāha-vidyata eva svabhāvata: karma, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na 

tasya kāraṇamasti [kūrma] romakūpaprāvārasyeva | asti ca karmaṇa: kāraṇaṃ kleśā: | 

avidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā:, ...upādānapratyayo bhava:, iti vacanāt | tasmādvidyata eva 

karma svabhāvata: iti | ucyate | ayuktameva | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt- 

karma kleśātmakaṃ cedaṃ te ca kleśā na tattvata: | 

na cette tattvata: kleśā: karma syāttattvata: katham ||26|| 

ihedaṃ karma kleśātmakaṃ kleśahetukam | te ca kleśāstattvato na santi | vakṡyati 

hi- 

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya ye | 

te svabhāvānna vidyante tasmātkleśā na tattvata: || iti | 

[madhyamakaśāstra-23.2] 

tadevaṃ tāvat na tattvata: kleśā:,{1. ##Mss.## kleśā yadatattvahetukaṃ ##for## kleśā:, taddhetukaṃ ##which is confirmed by T.##} taddhetukaṃ karma tadānīṃ kutastattvato bhaviṡyati ? 

tasmānnāsti karma svabhāvata: ||26|| 

atrāha-vidyanta eva kleśā: karmāṇi ca, tatkāryasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśa-

karmaṇāṃ dehākhyaṃ kāryamupalabhyate | yasya ca kāryamupalabhyate tadasti, avidyamānasya 

khapuṡpāde: kāryādarśanāt iti | ucyate | syu: kleśā: karmāṇi ca, yadi tatkāryaṃ dehā 

vidyeran | na tu vidyante ityāha- 

karma kleśāśca dehānāṃ pratyayā: samudāhrtā: | 

karma kleśāśca te śūnyā yadi deheṡu kā kathā ||27|| 

yathā karma kleśāśca śūnyā:, tathā pratipāditam | tataśca karma kleśā yadā na 

santi, tadā tatkāryāṇāṃ dehānāmasattve kā kathā bhaviṡyati ? nāstitvaṃ teṡāṃ pūrvameva 

siddhaṃ yasmāt, tasmānnātra kaścidvaktavyaviśeṡo'stītyabhiprāya: ||27|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva svabhāvata: karma, tatphalabhoktrsadbhāvāt | yannāsti, na tasya 

phalopabhoktāsti, tadyathā gaganacūtaphalasyeti | asti ca karmaṇa: phalopabhoktā-

avidyānivrto jantustrṡṇāsaṃyojanaśca sa: | 

sa bhoktā sa ca na karturanyo na ca sa eva sa: ||28|| 

tatra avidyā ajñānaṃ tama: saṃmoha iti paryāyā: | avidyayā nivrtaścchādita: | 

pāñcagatikasaṃsāre puna: punarjāyata iti jantu: | sattva: pudgala: prāṇīti tasyaiva paryāyā: | 

trṡṇā rāga: saktirvisaktiśceti paryāyā: | saṃyojanaṃ bandhanam | trṡṇā saṃyojanamasyeti 

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trṡṇāsaṃyojana: trṡṇābandhana ityartha: | yathoktaṃ sūtre-avidyānivrtā: sattvāstrṡṇāsaṃyojanā: 

iti | atha ca punaridaṃ pāpaṃ karma svayameva krtam, asya svayameva vipāka: pratyanubhavi- 

tavya: iti vacanāt | sa ca bhoktā karmaphalasya | sa ca na karturanya:, na ca sa eva sa: |

tattvānyatvāvācyatvāt | tasmāt phalopabhoktrsadbhāvādastyeva karmeti ||28|| 

atrocyate-syātkarmaṇa: kartā karmaphalasya copabhoktā yadi karmaiva syāt | na

tvasti | katha krtvā ? 

na pratyayasamutpannaṃ nāpratyayasamutthitam | 

asti yasmādidaṃ karma tasmātkartāpi nāstyata: ||29|| 

karma cennāsti kartā ca kuta: syātkarmajaṃ phalam |

asatyatha phale bhoktā kuta eva bhaviṡyati ||30|| 

yadi karma nāma kiṃcitsyāt, tat pratyayasamutpannaṃ vā bhavet, apratyayasamutpannaṃ 

vā ? yadi tāvat pratyayasamutpannamiṡyate, tanna yuktam, pratyayaparīkṡāyāmuktadoṡatvāt | 

atha apratyayajanitaṃ nirhetukam, tadapi-hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca [ma^ śā^ 8.4] 

ityādinā karmakārakaparīkṡāyāṃ vistareṇa pratipāditam | yataścaivaṃ pratyayasamutpannaṃ vā 

apratyayasamutpannaṃ vā karmedaṃ na saṃbhavati, tasmādasya karmaṇa: kartāpi na saṃbhavati | yadā 

caivaṃ karma ca kartā ca nāsti, tadā nirhetukaṃ karmajaṃ phalaṃ kuto bhaviṡyatīti, asati ca 

phale kuta eva phalabhoktā bhaviṡyatīti, sarvaṃmetat svabhāvato'saṃvidyamānameveti vijñeyam || 

atrāha-yadi eva nai:svābhāvya bhāvānāṃ vyavasthāpitaṃ bhavati, yattarhi etaduktaṃ 

bhagavatā-svaya krtasya karmaṇa: svayameva vipāka: pratyanubhavitavya: iti, tadetat sarva- 

mamunā nyāyena apākrtaṃ bhavati | karmaphalāpavādācca pradhānanāstiko bhavāniti | ucyate | 

na vaya nāstikā: | astitvanāstitvadvayavādanirāsena tu vaya nirvāṇapuragāminamadvayapathaṃ 

vidyotayāma: | na ca karmakartrphalādikaṃ nāstīti brūma:, kiṃ tarhi ni:svabhāvametaditi

vyavasthāpayāma: | atha manyase-ni:svabhāvānāṃ bhāvānāṃ vyāpārakaraṇānupapatte: tadavastha 

eva doṡa iti, etadapi nāsti | sasvabhāvānāmeva vyāpārādarśanāt ni:svabhāvānāmeva 

vyāpāradarśanāt | tathā hi ni:svabhāvā eva santo ghaṭādaya: loke svakāryakrt

upalabhyante ||30|| 

api ca amuṡmād drṡṭāntāt spaṡṭatarādayamartho'vasīyatām- 

yathā nirmitakaṃ śāstā nirmimītarddhisaṃpadā | 

nirmito nirmimītānyaṃ sa ca nirmitaka: puna: ||31|| 

tadyathā-ekaṃ nirmitakaṃ śāstā buddho bhagavān rddhisaṃpadā rddhiprabhāveṇa nirmi- 

mīta, sa cāpi nirmitaka: puna: yo'yaṃ buddhena bhagavatā nirmita:, sa punarbhūyo'nyamaparaṃ 

@160

nirmitakaṃ nirmimīta | tatra ya eṡa nirmitaka: aparasya nirmitakasya nirmātā, sa śūnya: 

ni:svabhāva:, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityartha: | yaścāyamaparo nirmitaka:, yo nirmitakena{1. ##Mss.## nirmāṇena ##for## nirmitakena ##which reading is confirmed by T.##} 

nirmita:, asāvapi śūnyo nisvabhāva:, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityartha: | yathātra ni:sva- 

bhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvakāryakrttvaṃ karmakartrvyapadeśaśca bhavati, 

tathā nirmitakākāra: kartā karma ca tatkrtam | 

tadyathā nirmitenānyo nirmito nirmitastathā ||32|| 

yo hyatra karmaṇa: kartā sa nirmitakākāra: svabhāvaśūnya: | tena ca svabhāvaśūnyena 

svatantrakartrā{2. ##T om.## svatantra^.} yat kiṃcit karma kriyate, tadapi svabhāvaśūnyam | tadyathā nirmitakena anyo 

nirmitako nirmita: tathā veditavyam | yathoktamāgame- 

ekasya bhāṡamāṇasya sarve bhāṡanti nirmitā: | 

ekasya tūṡṇīṃbhūtasya sarve tūṡṇīṃbhavanti hi || 

[divyāvadāna-12.20] 

tasmādadvayavādināṃ mādhyamikānāṃ kuto mithyādarśanam ? uktaṃ ca āryasamādhirāje- 

yada sugatu kathāṃ katheti nātho 

vīthigatān manujān krpāyamāna: | 

nirmita jinu tatra nirminitva 

vicarati teṡu praṇītabuddhadharmān || 

prāṇiśatasahasra taṃ śruṇitvā 

praṇidadhayiṃsu{3. ##Mss.## praṇidahiṃ citta ##for## praṇidadhayiṃsu ##which is conjectural.##} varāgrabuddhajñāne | 

kada vaya labhi jñānamevarūpaṃ 

āśaya jñātva jino'sya vyākaroti || 

[samādhirājasūtra-10.39,41]

raśmi śatasahasra aprameyān 

avasiri pādatalehi dharmarājā | 

sarvi niraya śītalā bhavanti 

dukhamapanīya sukhaṃ ca vedayanti || 

dharma daśabalaprabhāṡite'tra 

marumanujāna viśuddha bhoti cakṡu: |

[samādhirājasūtra-10.87-88] 

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ityādi | 

keci sprha janenti tatra kāle 

parama acintya tehi labdhalābhā | 

yehi jinu nimantrito narendro 

na ca pariyanta teṡu dakṡiṇāyā || [samādhirājasūtra-10.42] 

ityādi vistara: | 

tathā āryavimalakīrtinirdeśe{1. ##T om. the citation.##}-

tannirmitabodhisattvena gandhasugandhāyāṃ lokadhātau samantabhadratathāgatopabhuktaśeṡaṃ 

bhojanamānītaṃ nānāvyañjanakhādyādisaṃprayuktaṃ prthakprthagvividharasamekabhojanena sarvaṃ tacchā-

vakabodhisattvasaṃgharājarājāmātyapurohitānta:puradauvārikasārthavāhādijanapadaṃ saṃtarpya 

prītyākāraṃ nāma mahāsamādhiṃ lambhayāmāsa | iti || 

vinaye ca paṭhyate- 

pāpabhikṡurapratirūpako bhagavatā bhikṡurabhinirmita: | tadvacanena śīlavato'pi 

viśuddhipratijñāsaṃvāsa: prajñapta: iti ||32|| 

na ca kevalaṃ nirmāṇadrṡṭāntena nai:svabhāvyadarśanamupapadyamānarūpam, api ca amībhyo

drṡṭāntebhya: sphuṭaṃ nai:svabhāvyaṃ bhāvānāṃ pratīyatāmiti pratipādayannāha- 

kleśā: karmāṇi dehāśca kartāraśca phalāni ca |

gandharvanagarākārā marīcisvapnasaṃnibhā: ||33|| 

tatra kleśā rāgādaya:, kliśnanti sattvacittasaṃtānānīti krtvā | karmāṇi 

kuśalākuśalāneñjyāni | dehā: śarīrāṇi | kartāra: ātmāna: | phalāni vipākādhi-

patyaniṡyandādīni{2. ##T om.## ādīni.} | ta ete kleśādayo'rthā: gandharvanagarādivanni:svabhāvā: veditavyā: | 

tasmānmādhyamikānāmeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvānabhyupagamācchāśvatocchedadarśanadvayaprasaṅgo

nāstīti vijñeyam || 

atra ca karmaphalasaṃbandhavicāre kucodyaśeṡākṡepaparihāro madhyamakāvatārādvista- 

reṇāvaseya: || 

yathoktamāryaratnakūṭasūtre-{3. ##The Mss. give here

an amplified text of an introductory matter cited already in chapter 

I. We have, following P, given only those portions which are new.##} 

pañca ca bhikṡuśatāni dhyānalābhīni utthāyāsanebhya: prakrāntāni imāṃ gambhīrāṃ 

dharmadeśanāmanavabudhyamānāni anavataranti anavagāhamānāni anadhimucyamānāni | 

bhagavānāha-tathā hyete kāśyapa bhikṡava: ābhimānikā: imāmanāsravāṃ śīlaviśuddhiṃ

@162

nāvataranti nāvagāhante nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṃtrasyanti saṃtrāsamāpadyante | 

gambhīra: kāśyapa gāthābhinirhāro gambhīrā ca buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ bodhi: | sā na śakyā 

anavaropitakuśalamūlai: sattvai: pāpamitraparigrhītairanadhimuktibahulairadhimoktum | api 

ca | etāni kāśyapa pañca bhikṡuśatāni kāśyapasya tathāgatasya pravacane'nyatīrthika- 

śrāvakā abhūvan | taireva tasya kāśyapasya tathāgatasyāntikādupālambhābhiprāyaireṡā 

dharmadeśanā śrutā | śrutvā ca ekacittaprasādo labdha: | evaṃ tairvāg bhāṡitā-āścaryaṃ

yāvat madhurapriyabhāṇī kāśyapastathāgato'rhan samyaksaṃbuddha iti | ta etenaikacitta- 

prasādena pratilabdhena kālagatā: trāyastriṃśeṡu deveṡūpapannā:, te tataścyutā: samānā: 

ihopapannā: | tenaiva ca hetunā iha mama śāsane pravrajitā: | tānyetāni kāśyapa pañca 

bhikṡuśatāni drṡṭipraskandhāni imāṃ gambhīrāṃ dharmadeśanāṃ nāvataranti nāvagāhante 

nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṃtrasyanti saṃtrāsamāpadyante | krtaṃ punareṡāmanayā dharmadeśanayā 

parikarma | na bhūyo durgativinipātaṃ gamiṡyanti | ebhireva ca skandhai: parinirvāsyanti ||

atha khalu bhagavānāyuṡmantaṃ subhūtimāmantrayate sma-gaccha subhūte, etān bhikṡūn 

saṃjñapaya | subhūtirāha-bhagavata eva tāvadete bhāṡitaṃ vilomayanti, ka: punarvādo mama ? 

atha bhagavāṃstasyāṃ velāyāṃ yena mārgeṇaite bhikṡavo gacchanti sma | tasmin mārge dvau bhikṡū

nirmimīte sma | atha tāni pañca bhikṡuśatāni yena mārgeṇa tau dvau bhikṡū nirmitakau 

tenopasaṃkrāmanti sma | upasaṃkramya etadavocan-kutra āyuṡmantau gamiṡyatha: ? 

tāvavocatām-gamiṡyāva āvāmaraṇyāyataneṡu | tatra dhyānasukhasaṃsparśavihārairvihari- 

ṡyāva: || ... tānyapi pañca bhikṡuśatānyetadavocan-vayamapyāyuṡmantau bhagavato dharmadeśanāṃ 

nāvatarāmo nāvagāhāmahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāma: saṃtrasyāma: saṃtrāsamāpadyāmahe | tena 

vayamaraṇyāyataneṡu dhyānasukhasaṃsparśavihārairvihariṡyāma iti | nirmitakāvavocatām-tena 

hi āyuṡmanta: saṃgāsyāmo na vivadiṡyāma: | avivādaparamo hi śramaṇadharma: | ...

yadidamāyuṡmanta ucyate parinirvāṇamiti, katama: sa dharmo ya: parinirvāsyati ? 

kaścitpunaratra kāya: ātmā vā sattvo vā jīvo vā janturvā poṡo vā puruṡo vā pudgalo 
vā manujo vā mānavo vā, ya: parinirvāsyati ? kasya vā kṡayāt parinirvāṇam ? 

te'vocan...rāgadveṡamohakṡayāt parinirvāṇam |...nirmitakāvavocatām-kiṃ punarāyuṡmatāṃ 

saṃvidyante rāgadveṡamohā yān kṡayiṡyatha ? te'vocan-na te adhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā 

nobhayamantareṇopalabhyante, nāpi te aparikalpitā utpadyante{1. ##The text here as also in Chapter I are almost identical with 

slight variations in reading individual words like## anupalabdhita: ##for## anu-

palambhāt, tīrṇa: ##for## uttīrṇa; vimuktita: ##for## vinirmuktita:. } | …|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

karmaphalaparīkṡā nāma saptadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@163

18 

ātmaparīkṡā aṡṭādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-yadi kleśā: karmāṇi ca dehāśca kartāraśca phalāni ca sarvametanna 

tattvam, kevalaṃ tu gandharvanagarādivadatattvameva sat tattvākāreṇa pratibhāsate bālānām, 

kiṃ punaratra tattvam, kathaṃ vā tattvasyāvatāra: iti ? ucyate | ādhyātmikabāhyāśeṡa-

vastvanupalambhena adhyātmaṃ bahiśca ya: sarvathā ahaṃkāramamakāraparikṡaya:, idamatra tattvam |

tattvāvatāra: puna:- 

satkāyadrṡṭiprabhavānaśeṡān 

kleśāṃśca doṡāṃśca dhiyā vipaśyan |

ātmānamasyā viṡayaṃ ca buddhvā 

yogī karotyātmaniṡedhameva ||

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.120] 

ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādvistareṇāvaseya: | kāyadrṡṭimūlakameva saṃsāramanu- 

paśyan ātmānupalambhācca satkāyadrṡṭiprahāṇaṃ tatprahāṇācca sarvakleśavyāvrttiṃ samanu- 

paśyan prathamataramātmānamevopaparīkṡate, ko'yamātmā nāmeti, yo'haṃkāraviṡaya: | sa 

cāyamahaṃkārasya viṡaya: parikalpyamāna: skandhasvabhāvo vā bhavetskandhavyatirikto vā ? 

ādhārādheyatadvatpakṡāṇāmapi ekatvānyatvapakṡe eva antarbhāvāt saṃkṡepeṇaiva ca vivakṡi- 

tatvādekatvānyatvapakṡadvayapratiṡedhenaiva ātmaniṡedhamārabdhukāma ācārya āha- 

ātmā skandhā yadi bhavedudayavyayabhāgbhavet | 

skandhebhyo'nyo yadi bhavedbhavedaskandhalakṡaṇa: ||1|| 

kimarthaṃ punaranyatra tathāgataparīkṡāyāmagnīndhanaparīkṡāyāṃ ca pañca pañca pakṡā 

upanyastā:, iha tu puna: pakṡadvayameveti ? ucyate | yenaiva tatra prakaraṇadvaye pañca pañca pakṡā

nirdiṡṭā:, ata eva anyatra nirdiṡṭatvānna punariha nirdiśyante | saṃkṡepeṇa tu pakṡadvaya- 

mupanyasyate iti || 

tatra yadi skandhā ātmeti parikalpyate, tadā udayavyayabhāg utpādī ca vināśī

ca ātmā prāpnoti, skandhānāmudayavyayabhāktvāt | na caivamiṡyate, ātmāneka[tva]doṡa- 

prasaṅgāt | vakṡyati hi- 

nāpyabhūtvā samutpanno doṡo hyatra prasajyate | 

krtako vā bhavedātmā saṃbhūto vāpyahetuka: || iti |

[madhyamakaśāstra-27.12] 

@164

tathā- 

na copādānamevātmā vyeti tatsamudeti ca | 

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṡyati || iti | 

[madhyamakaśāstra-27.6] 

kiṃ ca- 

skandhā ātmā cedatastadvahutvāt 

{1. ##This line and the two following are missing in Paris Ms. as also 

in Cal.##}ātmāna: syuste’pi bhūyāṃsa eva | 

dravyaṃ cātmā prāpnuyāttādrśaśca 

dravye vrttau vaiparītyaṃ ca na syāt || 

ātmocchedo nirvrttau syādavaśyaṃ 

nāśotpādau nirvrte: prāk kṡaṇeṡu | 

karturnāśāttatphalābhāva eva 

bhuñjītānyenārjitaṃ karma cānya: ||

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.127-128] 

ityādinā madhyamakāvatāre vistareṇa vihitavicārādapi pakṡo boddhavya iti neha

punarvistaraprapañca ārabhyate || 

evaṃ tāvat skandhā ātmā na bhavati | skandhavyatirikto'pi na yujyate | yadi 

hi skandhebhyo'nya ātmā bhavet, askandhalakṡaṇo bhavet | yathā hi goranyo'śva: na 

golakṡaṇo bhavati, evamātmāpi skandhavyatirikta: parikalpyamāna: askandhalakṡaṇo bhavet | 

tatra skandhā: saṃskrtatvād hetupratyayasaṃbhūtā{2. ##T om.## hetupratyayasaṃbhūtā.}utpādasthitibhaṅgalakṡaṇā: | tatra askandha-

lakṡaṇa ātmā bhavan bhavanmatena{3. ##T om.## bhavanmatena.} utpādasthitibhaṅgalakṡaṇāyukta:{4. ##T om.## lakṡaṇa.} syāt | yaścaivaṃ bhavati,

sa: avidyamānatvādasaṃskrtatvādvā khapuṡpavannirvāṇavadvā naiva ātmavyapadeśaṃ pratilabhate, 

nāpyahaṃkāraviṡayatvena yujyate, iti skandhavyatirikto'pyātmā na yujyate || 

atha vā | ayamanyo'rtha:-yadi ātmā skandhavyatirikta: syāt, sa: askandhalakṡaṇa: 

syāt | rūpaṇānubhavanimittodgrahaṇābhisaṃskaraṇaviṡayaprativijñaptilakṡaṇā: pañca skandhā: | 

ātmā ca rūpādiva vijñānaṃ skandhebhyo vyatirikta iṡyamāṇa: prthaglakṡaṇasiddha: syāt,

prthaglakṡaṇasiddhaśca grhyeta rūpādiva cittam | na ca grhyate | tasmāt skandhavyatirikto’pi{5. ##Mss.## rūpādivijñānaskandhebhya: vyatirikta: ##for## ^skandhavyatirikta: ##which reading 

is bassed on T.##} nāsti || 

@165

nanu ca tīrthikā: skandhebhyo vyatiriktamātmānaṃ pratipannā bhinnalakṡaṇamācakṡate, 

tasmātteṡāmabādhaka evāyaṃ vidhiriti | yathā ca tīrthikā ātmano bhinnalakṡaṇamācakṡate 

tathoktaṃ madhyamakāvatāre- 

ātmā tīrthyai: kalpyate nityarūpo'- 

kartā bhoktā nirguṇo niṡkriyaśca | 

kaṃcitkaṃcidvedamāśritya tasya

bhedaṃ yātā prakriyā tīrthikānām || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.142] 

ityanena | ucyate | satyaṃ bruvanti tīrthikā: skandhavyatiriktasya lakṡaṇam, na punaste 

svarūpata ātmānamupalabhya tasya lakṡaṇamācakṡate, kiṃ tarhi yathāvadupādāyaprajñaptyanavagamena 

nāmamātrakamevātmānaṃ trāsādapratipadyamānā: saṃvrtisatyādapi paribhraṡṭā mithyākalpanayaiva

kevalamanumānābhāsamātravipralabdhā: santa: mohāt parikalpayanti ātmānam, tasya ca 

lakṡaṇamācakṡate | teṡāṃ ca karmakārakaparīkṡādiṡu ātmopādānayo: parasparāpekṡikīṃ 

siddhiṃ bruvatā saṃvrtyāpi pratiṡedho vihita eva | uktaṃ ca- 

yathādarśamupādāya svamukhapratibimbakam | 

drśyate nāma taccaiva na kiṃcidapi tattvata: ||

ahaṃkārastathā skandhānupādāyopalabhyate | 

na ca kaścitsa tattvena svamukhapratibimbavat || 

yathādarśamanādāya svamukhapratibimbakam | 

na drśyate tathā skandhānanādāyāhamityapi ||

{1. ##T om. this stanza.##}evaṃvidhārthaśravaṇāddharmacakṡuravāptavān | 

āryānanda: svayaṃ caiva bhikṡubhyo'bhīkṡṇamuktavān || iti || 

ato na punastatpratipādanārthaṃ yatna ārabhyate | upādāya prajñapyamāna eva avidyā- 

viparyāsānugatānāmātmābhiniveśāspadabhūto mumukṡubhirvicāryate, yasyedaṃ skandhapañcakamu- 

pādānatvena pratibhāsate kimasau skandhalakṡaṇa: uta askandhalakṡaṇa: iti | sarvathā ca 

vicārayanto mumukṡavo nainamupalabhante bhāvasvabhāvata: | tadā eṡām- 

ātmanyasati cātmīyaṃ kuta eva bhaviṡyati | 

ātmānupalambhādātmaprajñaptyupādānaṃ skandhapañcakamātmīyamiti sutarāṃ nopalabhante | 

yathaiva hi dagdhe rathe tadaṅgānyapi dagdhatvānnopalabhyante, evaṃ yogino yadaiva ātmanairātmyaṃ

pratipadyante, tadaiva ātmīyaskandhavastunairātmyamapi niyataṃ pratipadyante | yathoktaṃ ratnā- 

valyām- 

@166

ahaṃkārodbhavā: skandhā: so'haṃkāro'nrto'rthata: | 

bījaṃ yasyānrtaṃ tasya praroha: satyata: kuta: ||

skandhānasatyān drṡṭvaivamahaṃkāra: prahīyate | 

ahaṃkāraprahāṇācca na puna: skandhasaṃbhava: || iti || 

[ ratnāvalī ] 

yathaiva hi grīṡme Madhyāhnakālāvasānamāsāditasya vighananabho{1. ##Mss.## vighane nabho^ ##for## vighananabho^.}madhyadeśamācikraṃso-

rīṡatparibhramyamānapaṭutarahutabhugvitatasphuliṅgāniva virūkṡataramahīmaṇḍalottāpanaparān

pradīptakiraṇasya kiraṇān pratītya virūkṡataramavanideśaṃ cāsādya viparītaṃ ca darśanamapekṡya

salilākārā marīcaya upalabhyamānā vidūradeśāvasthitānāṃ janmavatāmatiprasannā{2. ##Mss.## ativiprasama^ ##for## atiprasanna^.} bhinī- 

lajalākāraṃ pratyayamādadhati na tu tatsamīpagatānām, evamihāpi yathāvasthitātmātmīya-

padārthatattvadarśanavidūradeśāntarasthitānāṃ saṃsārādhvani vartamānānāmavidyāviparyāsānu- 

gamānmrṡārtha eva skandhasamāropa: satyata: pratibhāsamāna: padārthatattvadarśanasamīpasthānāṃ 

na pratibhāsate | yathoktamācāryapādai:{3. ##T om.## ācāryapādai:.}-

dūrādālokitaṃ rūpamāsannairdrśyate sphuṭam | 

marīciryadi vāri syādāsannai: kiṃ na grhyate || 

dūrībhūtairyathābhūto loko'yaṃ drśyate yathā | 

na drśyate tadāsannai{4. ##T## na tathā tadāsannai: ##for## na drśyate tadāsannai:.}rānimitto marīcivat || 

marīcistoyasadrśī yathā nāmbho na cārthata: | 

skandhāstathātmasadrśā nātmāno nāpi te'rthata: || iti || 

ata eva ca ātmātmīyānupalambhātparamārthadarśanasamīpastho yogī niyataṃ bhavati-

nirmamo nirahaṅkāra: śamādātmātmanīnayo: ||2|| 

ātmani hitamātmanīnam, skandhapañcakam, ātmīyamityartha: | ātmano'haṃkāra- 

viṡayasya ātmanīnasya ca skandhādervastuna: mamakāraviṡayasya śamādanutpādādanupalambhā- 

nnirmamo nirahaṃkāraśca jāyate yogī ||2|| 

nanu ca yo'sāvevaṃ nirmamo nirahaṃkāraśca yogī bhavati, sat āvadasti | sati ca 

tasmin siddha ātmā skandhāśceti | naitadevam | yasmāt- 

nirmamo nirahaṃkāro yaśca so'pi na vidyate | 

nirmamaṃ nirahaṃkāraṃ ya: paśyati na paśyati ||3||

@167

ātmani skandheṡu ca sarvathānupalabhyamānasvarūpeṡu kutastadvyatirikto'parapadārtho 

bhaviṡyati yo'sau nirmamo nirahaṃkāraśceti | yastu evamasaṃvidyamānasvarūpaṃ nirmamaṃ 

nirahaṃkāraṃ ca paśyati, sa tattvaṃ na paśyatīti vijñeyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

śūnyamādhyātmikaṃ paśya paśya śūnyaṃ bahirgatam | 

na vidyate so'pi kaścidyo bhāvayati śūnyatām || 

tathā- 

yo'pi ca cintayi śūnyaka dharmān 

so'pi kumārgapapannaku bāla: | 

akṡara kīrtita śūnyaka dharmā: 

te ca anakṡara akṡara uktā: || 

śānta paśānta ya cintayi dharmān 

so'pi ca cittu na jātu na bhūta: | 

cittavitarkiṇa sarvi papañcā: 

tasya acintiya budhyatha dharmān || iti | 

tathā- 

skandha sabhāvatu śūnya vivikta 

bodhi sabhāvatu{1. ##Mss.## sa dhātu ##for## sabhāvatu ##which is confirmed by T.##} śūnya vivikta | 

yo'pi caretsa pi śūnyasabhāvo 

jñānavato na tub ālajanasya || 

iti ||3|| 

tadevam- 

mametyahamiti kṡīṇe bahirdhādhyātmameva ca |

nirudhyata upādānaṃ tatkṡayājjanmana: kṡaya: ||4|| 

satkāyadrṡṭimūlakā: satkāyadrṡṭisamudayā: satkāyadrṡṭihetukā: sarvakleśā: sūtre 

uktā: | sā ca satkāyadrṡṭirātmātmīyānupalambhātprahīyate, tatprahāṇācca kāmadrṡṭiśīla- 

vratātmavādopādanacatuṡṭayaṃ prahīyate, upādānakṡayācca janmana: punarbhavalakṡaṇasya kṡayo

bhavati ||4|| 

yataśca ayaṃ janmanivrttikrama: evaṃ vyavasthāpita:, tasmāt- 

karmakleśakṡayānmokṡa: 

@168

iti sthitam | upādāne hi kṡīṇe tatpratyayo bhavo na bhavati | bhave niruddhe kuto jāti- 

jarāmaraṇādikasya saṃbhava iti | evaṃ karmakleśakṡayānmokṡo bhavatīti sthitam | 

karmakleśānāṃ tarhi kasya kṡayātparikṡaya iti vaktavyam | ucyate- 

karmakleśā vikalpata: | 

te prapañcātprapañcastu śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate ||5|| 

ayoniśo hi rūpādikaṃ vikalpayato bālaprthagjanasya kleśa upajāyate rāgā- 

dika: | vakṡyati hi-

saṃprakalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṡo mohaśca kathyate |

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi || 

[ madhyamakaśāstra-23.1 ] 

uktaṃ ca sūtre- 

kāma jānāmi te mūlaṃ saṃkalpātkila jāyase |

na tvāṃ saṃkalpayiṡyāmi tato me na bhaviṡyasi || iti || 

evaṃ tāvat karmakleśā vikalpata: pravartante | te ca vikalpā: anādimatsaṃsārā- 

bhyastād jñānajñeyavācyavācakakartrkarmakaraṇakriyāghaṭapaṭamukuṭaratharūpavedanāstrīpuruṡalābhā-

lābhasukhadu:khayaśo'yaśonindāpraśaṃsādilakṡaṇādvicitrātprapañcādupajāyate | sa cāyaṃ

laukika: prapañco niravaśeṡa: śūnyatāyāṃ sarvasvabhāvaśūnyatādarśane sati nirudhyate | kathaṃ 

krtvā ? yasmātsati hi vastuna upalambhe syād yathoditaprapañcajālam | na hi anupalabhya 

vandhyāduhitaraṃ rūpalāvaṇyayauvanavatīṃ tadviṡayaṃ prapañcamavatārayanti rāgiṇa: | na ca ana-

vatārya prapañcaṃ tadviṡayamayoniśo vikalpamavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya kalpanājālam 

ahaṃmametyabhiniveśāt satkāyadrṡṭimūlakān kleśagaṇānutpādayanti | na ca anutpādya 

satkāyadrṡṭyātmakān kleśagaṇān karmāṇi śubhāśubhāniñjyāni kurvanti | {1. ##T haplographically seems to om. from## na ca ##down to## kleśagaṇaṃ kurvanti

##a few lines below.##} na ca 

akurvāṇā: karmāṇi jātijarāmaraṇaśokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasya[upāyāsādirūpaṃ ekajālī- 

bhūtaṃ saṃsārakāntāramanubhavanti | evaṃ yogino'pi śūnyatādarśanāvasthā niravaśeṡaskandha- 

dhātvāyatanāni svarūpato nopalabhante | na ca anupalabhamānā vastusvarūpaṃ tadviṡayaṃ prapañca- 

mavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya tadviṡayaṃ prapañcaṃ vikalpamavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya 

vikalpam ahaṃmametyabhiniveśāt satkāyadrṡṭimūlakaṃ kleśagaṇamutpādayanti | na ca anu- 

tpādya satkāyadrṡṭyādikaṃ kleśagaṇaṃ karmāṇi kurvanti | na ca akurvāṇā: jātijarā- 

maraṇākhyaṃ saṃsāramanubhavanti | tadevam aśeṡaprapañcopaśamaśivalakṡaṇāṃ śūnyatāmāgamya yasmā-

@169

daśeṡakalpanājālaprapañcavigamo bhavati, prapañcavigamācca vikalpanivrtti:, vikalpanivrttyā 

ca aśeṡakarmakleśanivrtti:, karmakleśanivrttyā ca janmanivrtti:, tasmāt śūnyataiva sarva- 

prapañcanivrttilakṡaṇatvānnirvāṇamityucyate | yathoktaṃ śatake- 

dharmaṃ samāsato'hiṃsāṃ varṇayanti tathāgatā: | 

śūnyatāmeva nirvāṇaṃ kevalaṃ tadihobhayam || iti || 

[catu:śataka-12.23] 

ācāryabhāvavivekastu śrāvakapratyekabuddhānāṃ yathoditaśūnyatādhigamamapratipadyamāna: 

evaṃ varṇayati-aparotpannapratikṡaṇavinaśvarasaṃskārakalāpamātramanātmātmīyamavalokayata: 

āryaśrāvakasyāpi ātmātmīyavastvabhāvād dharmamātramidaṃ jāyate mriyate ceti darśana-

mutpadyate | ahaṃkāraviṡayo hyātmā, [tadabhāvāttasyāpyabhāva:{1. ##The portion in brackets supplied after T.##}], tadabhāvādeva na kvaci- 

dādhyātmikaṃ bāhyaṃ vā vastu astīti mamakārānutpatte: nirmamo nirahaṃkāro'hamiti na 

svarūpaviniścitirupajāyate, anyatra vyavahārasaṃketāt | prāgeva ajātasarvasaṃskāra- 

darśināṃ nirvikalpaprajñācāravihāriṇāṃ mahābodhisattvānāmiti | ata āha- 

nirmamo nirahaṃkāro yaśca so'pi na vidyate || iti || 

tadayamācāryo yathaivaṃvidhe viṡaye nācāryapādamatānuvartī tathā pratipāditaṃ madhya- 

makāvatāre- 

dūraṃgamāyāṃ tu dhiyādhika: [ madhyamakāvatāra-1.8] 

ityatreti na punastaddūṡaṇe yatna āsthīyate | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryāṡṭasāhasrikāyāṃ 

bhagavatyām- 

śrāvakabodhimabhisaboddhukāmena subhūte asyāmeva prajñāpāramitāyāṃ śikṡitavyam | 

pratyekabodhimasaṃboddhukāmena subhūte asyāmeva prajñāpāramitāyāṃ śikṡitavyam | anuttarāṃ 

samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃboddhukāmena subhūte bodhisattvena mahāsattvena asyāmeva prajñāpāra- 

mitāyāṃ śikṡitavyamityādi || 

[ aṡṭasāhasrikā-379] 

āha{2. ##T## api ca ##for## āha ca.} ca-

yo icchatī sugataśrāvaku haṃ bhaveyaṃ 

pratyekabuddhu bhavijā tatha dharmarājo |

imu kṡānti nāgatya na śakyati pāpuṇotuṃ

yatha ārapāragamanīyaṃ atīradarśī || 

iti ||5||
@170 

atrāha-yadyevamādhyātmikabāhyavastvanupalambhādadhyātmaṃ bahiśca ahaṃmamatikalpanā-

jālānāmanutpādastattvamiti vyavasthāpitam, yattarhi etaduktaṃ bhagavatā- 

ātmā hi ātmano nātha. ko nu nātha: paro bhavet | 

ātmanā hi sudāntena svargaṃ prāpnoti paṇḍita: || 

ātmā hi ātmano nātha: ko nu nātha: paro bhavet | 

ātmā hi ātmana: sākṡī krtasyāpakrtasya ca ||

[= dhammapada-160-61] 

tathā āryasamādhirāje- 

krṡṇaśubhaṃ ca na naśyati karma 

ātmana krtva ca vediyitavyam | 

no pi ca saṃkrama karmaphalasya 

no ca ahetuka pratyanubhoti || 

[ samādhirāja-37.35 ] 

iti vistara: | tatkathaṃ na virudhyata iti ? ucyate | idamapi kiṃ noktaṃ bhagavatā- 

nāstīha sattva ātmā vā dharmāstvete sahetukā: | iti ?

tathā hi-rūpaṃ nātmā rūpavānnāpi cātmā rūpe nātmā nātmani rūpaṃ...| evaṃ 

yāvat vijñānaṃ nātmā, vijñānavānnātmā vijñāne nātmā nātmani vijñānam iti | 

tathā-anātmāna: sarvadharmā iti | tatkathamidānīmanenāgamena pūrvakasyāgamasya virodho 

na syāt ? tasmāddeśanābhiprāyo bhagavato'nveṡya: | sāmānyena tu bhagavadbhirbuddhai: pravacane 

{1. ##T om. from## neyanītārtha ##down to## vistarai: ##below.##}neyanītārthavistaraprabhede'śeṡajagadvineyabuddhipadmākaravibodhanaparairādityakalpairanastaṃgatairmahā- 

karuṇopāyavijñānagabhastivistarai:- 

ātmetyapi prajñapitamanātmetyapi deśitam | 

buddhairnātmā na cānātmā kaścidityapi deśitam ||6|| 

atra cāyamabhiprāya:-iha ye [ātmābhāvaviparyāsa] {2. ##T om.## ātmābhāvaviparyāsa.}kudarśanaghanatimirapaṭalā- 

vacchāditāśeṡabuddhinayanatayā laukikāvadātadarśanaviṡayānatikrāntamapi bhāvajātama- 

paśyanto vyavahārasatyāvasthitā eva santa: kṡitisalilajvalanapavanābhidhānatattvamātrānu-

varṇanaparā{3. ##T## anuvartana ##for## anuvarṇana.} mūlaudanodakakiṇvādidravyaviśeṡaparipākamātrapratyayotpannamadamūrcchādisāmarthya- 

viśeṡānugatamadyapānopalambhavat{4. ##Mss.## mūlodanodakasyādi^. ##Our reading confirmed by T.##} kalalādimahābhūtaparipākamātrasaṃbhūtā eva buddhīranu- 

@171

varṇayanta: pūrvāntāparāntāpavādapravrttā: santa: paralokamātmānaṃ cāpavadante-nāstyayaṃ 

loka:, nāsti paraloka:, nāsti sukrtaduṡkrtānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalavipāka:, nāsti sattva 

upapāduka:, ityādinā | tadapavādācca svargāpavargaviśiṡṭeṡṭaphalaviśeṡākṡepaparāṅmukhā: 

satatasamitamakuśalakarmābhisaṃskaraṇapravrttā narakādimahāprapātanābhimukhā: | teṡāṃ 

tadasaddrṡṭinivrttyarthaṃ caturaśīticittacaritasahasrabhedabhinnasya{1. ##T om.## ^citta^.} sattvadhātoryathāśayānuvarta- 

kairaśeṡasattvadhātūttāraṇākṡiptapratijñāsaṃpādanatatparai: prajñopāyamahākaruṇāsaṃbhārapura:sarai- 

rnirupamaireka{2. ##T om.## ekajagat.}jagadbandhubhirniravaśeṡa{3. ##T om.## niravaśeṡa.}kleśamahāvyādhicikitsakairmahāvaidyarājabhūtairhīnamadhyotkr-

ṡṭavineyajanānujighrkṡayā hīnānāṃ{4. ##T om. from## hīna ##up to## nivartayituṃ.} vineyānāmakuśalakarmakāriṇāmakuśalādi nivartayituṃ 

buddhairbhagavadbhi: kvacidātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ loke vyavasthāpitam | ahetuvādapratiṡedho- 

papattiśca karmakārakaparīkṡāta:, nāpyahetuta: ityata:, madhyamakāvatārācca vistareṇa 

veditavyeti tatpratiṡedhārthaṃ neha punaryatna āsthīyate || 

ye tu sadbhūtātmadrṡṭikaṭhinātidīrghaśithilamahāsūtrabaddhā{5. ##Mss.## sūtrakālabaddhāvityetomadhyamakārohaṃgamā; ##P## 

sadbhūtātmadrṡṭikaṭhinātidīrghatarātmātmīyabhāvasnehasūtrakārabaddhā. ##Our text is based on T.##} vihaṃgamā iva sudūramapi 

gatā: kuśalakarmakāriṇo’kuśalakarmapathavyāvrttā api na śaknuvanti traidhātukabhāvo- 

papattimativāhya śivamajaramamaraṇaṃ nirvāṇapuramabhigantum, teṡāṃ madhyānāṃ vineyānāṃ 

satkāyadarśanābhiniveśaśithilīkaraṇāya nirvāṇābhilāṡasaṃjananārthaṃ buddhairbhagavadbhirvineya- 

janānugrahacikīrṡubhiranātmetyapi{6. ##T om.## vineyajanānugrahacikīrṡubhi:.} deśitam ||

ye tu pūrvābhyāsaviśeṡānugatagambhīradharmādhimokṡalabdhabījaparipākā: pratyāsanna- 

vartini nirvāṇe teṡāmutkrṡṭānāṃ vineyānāṃ vigatātmasnehānāṃ paramagambhīramaunīndra- 

pravacanārthatattvāvagāhanasamarthānāmadhimuktiviśeṡamavadhārya{7. ##T## munīndra^ ##for## maunīndra^.}-

buddhairātmā na cānātmā kaścidityapi deśitam || 

yathaiva hi ātmadarśanamatattvam, evaṃ tatpratipakṡabhūtamapi anātmadarśanaṃ naiva 

tattvamiti | evaṃ nāstyātmā kaścit, na cāpyanātmā kaścidastīti deśitam | 

yathoktamāryaratnakūṭe 

ātmeti kāśyapa ayameko'nta: | nairātmyamityayaṃ dvitīyo'nta: | yadetadanayoranta- 

yormadhyaṃ tadarūpyamanidarśanamapratiṡṭhamanābhāsamavijñaptikamaniketam | iyamucyate kāśyapa 

madhyamā pratipad dharmāṇāṃ bhūtapratyavekṡā iti || 

@172

uktaṃ cāryaratnāvalyām- 

naivamātmā na cānātmā yathābhūtena labhyate | 

ātmānātmakrte drṡṭī vavārāsmānmahāmuni: || 

drṡṭaśrutādyaṃ muninā na satyaṃ na mrṡoditam | 

pakṡāddhi pratipakṡa: syādubhayaṃ tacca nārthata: || iti | 

yataścaivaṃ hīnamadhyotkrṡṭavineyajanāśayanānātvena ātmānātmatadubhayapratiṡedhena

buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā pravrttā, tasmānnāsti āgamabādho mādhyamikānām | ata 

evoktamāryadevapādai:- 

vāraṇaṃ prāgapuṇyasya madhye vāraṇamātmana: | 

sarvasya vāraṇaṃ paścādyo jānīte sa buddhimān || iti || 

[ catu:śataka-8.15] 

tathā ācāryapādairuktam- 

yathaiva vaiyākaraṇo mātrkāmapi pāṭhayet | 

buddho'vadattathā dharmaṃ vineyānāṃ yathākṡamam || 

keṡāṃcidavadaddharmaṃ pāpebhyo vinivrttaye | 

keṡāṃcitpuṇyasiddhyarthaṃ keṡāṃcid dvayaniścitam || 

dvayāniśritamekeṡāṃ gambhīraṃ bhīrubhīṡaṇam | 

śūnyatākaruṇāgarbhaṃ keṡāṃcid bodhisādhanam || iti || 

atha vā-ayamanyo'rtha:-ātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ sāṃkhyādibhi: pratikṡaṇavinaśvarāṇāṃ 

saṃskārāṇāṃ karmaphalasaṃbandhābhāvamutprekṡya | anātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ lokāyatikai: upapattyā 

ātmānaṃ saṃsartāramapaśyadbhi:- 

etāvāneva puruṡo yāvānindriyagocara: | 

bhadre vrkapadaṃ hyetad yadvadanti bahuśrutā: || 

ityādinā | taimirikopalabdhakeśamaśakādiṡviva vitaimirikairiva bālajanaparikalpitā- 

tmānātmādivastusvarūpaṃ sarvathaivāpaśyadbhi:- 

buddhairnātmā na cānātmā kaścidityapi deśitam || 

yathoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre- 

atha{1. ##This citation is missing in T.##} khalu śāntamatirbodhisattvo bhagavantametadavocat-upaśama upaśama iti

bhagavannucyate, ka eṡa upaśamo nāma ? kasya copaśamādupaśama ityucyate ? bhagavānāha- 

@173

upaśama iti kulaputra ucyate, kleśopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | kleśopaśama iti saṃkalpa- 

vikalpaparikalpopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | saṃkalpavikalpaparikalpopaśama iti saṃjñāmana- 

sikāropaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | saṃjñāmanasikāropaśama iti viparyāsopaśamasyaitadadhi- 

vacanam | viparyāsopaśama iti hetvārambaṇopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | hetvārambaṇopaśama 

iti avidyābhavatrṡṇopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | avidyābhavatrṡṇopaśama iti ahaṃkāramama- 

kāropaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | ahaṃkāramamakāropaśama iti ucchedaśāśvatadrṡṭyupaśamasyai- 

tadadhivacanam | ucchedaśāśvatadrṡṭyupaśama iti satkāyadrṡṭyupaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | iti 

śāntamate ye kecidārambaṇahetudrṡṭisaṃyuktā: saṃkleśā: pravartante, sarve te satkāyadrṡṭe- 

rutpadyante, satkāyadrṡṭyupaśamātsarvadrṡṭyupaśama iti | sarvadrṡṭyupaśamātsarvapraṇidhānopaśama 

iti | sarvapraṇidhānopaśamātsarvakleśopaśama: | tadyathāpi nāma śāntamate vrkṡasya mūle 

chinne sarvaśākhāpatraphalāni śuṡyanti, evameva śāntamate satkāyadrṡṭyupaśamātsarvakleśā 

upaśāmyante | satkāyadrṡṭau śāntamate aparijñātāyāṃ sarvopādānopakleśā utpadyante | 

satkāyadrṡṭiparijñāto'pi sarvopādānopakleśā notpadyante na bādhante || 

śāntamatirāha-kā punarbhagavan satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā ? bhagavānāha-ātmā- 

samutthānaṃ śāntamate satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā sattvāsamutthānaṃ jīvāsamutthānaṃ pudgalāsamutthānaṃ 

drṡṭyasamutthānaṃ satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā | na khalu puna: śāntamate sā drṡṭiradhyātmaṃ prati- 

ṡṭhitā, na bahirdhā pratiṡṭhitā | sā drṡṭi: sarvato'pratiṡṭhitā | yattasyā apratiṡṭhitāyā 

drṡṭerapratiṡṭhiteti jñānam, iyaṃ śāntamate satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā | satkāyadrṡṭiparijñeti 

śāntamate śūnyatāyā etadadhivacanam | yacchūnyatānulomikyā kṡāntyā tāṃ drṡṭiṃ nod-

grhṇāti, iyamapi śāntamate satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā | satkāya iti śāntamate śūnyatā- 

nimittāpraṇihitānabhisaṃskārājātānutpādadrṡṭyā tāṃ drṡṭiṃ nodgrhṇāti, iyamapi śānta-

mate satkāyadrṡṭiparijñā | satkāya iti śāntamate akāya eṡa:, na kasati{1. ##Mss.## kesati ##for## kasati.} na vikasati 

na cinoti nopacinoti, ādita eva tadabhūtaṃ parikalpitam | yacca abhūtaṃ parikalpi- 

tam, tanna parikalpitaṃ na parikalpyate na vikalpyate, tanna kriyate na viṭhapyate, notthāpyate 

nādhyavasyate | taducyate upaśama iti ||

śāntamatirāha-upaśānta upaśānta iti bhagavannucyate, kasyopaśamādupaśānta 

ityucyate ? bhagavānāha-ārambaṇata: śāntamate cittaṃ jvalati | yanna bhūya ālambanī-

karoti tanna jvalati, ajvalan upaśānta ityucyate | tadyathāpi nāma śāntamate agni-

rupādānato jvalati, anupādānata: śāmyati, evameva ālambanataścittaṃ jvalati anā- 

lambanata: śāmyati | tatra śāntamate upāyakuśalo'yaṃ bodhisattva: prajñāpāramitāpariśuddha: 

ālambanasamatāṃ ca prajānāti, kuśalamūlālambanaṃ ca śamayati | ityādi ||6|| 

@174

atrāha-yadi buddhairbhagavadbhirnātmeti deśitam, nānātmeti, kiṃ tarhi deśita- 

miti ? ucyate- 

nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivrtte cittegocare | 

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā ||7|| 

iha yadi kiṃcidabhidhātavyaṃ vastu syāt, taddeśyeta | yadā tu abhidhātavyaṃ

nivrttam, vācāṃ viṡayo nāsti, tadā kiṃcidapi naiva deśyate buddhai: | kasmātpunarabhidhātavyaṃ

nāstītyāha-nivrtte cittagocare iti | cittasya gocara: cittagocara: | gocaro 

viṡaya: | ārambaṇamityartha: | yadi cittasya kaścid gocara: syāt, tatra kiṃcinnimitta- 

madhyāropya syād vācāṃ pravrtti: | yadā tu cittasya viṡaya evānupapanna:, tadā kva 

nimittādhyāropa:, yena vācāṃ pravrtti: syāt ? kasmāt punaścittaviṡayo nāstīti 

pratipādayannāha- 

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā | 

yasmādanutpannāniruddhā nirvāṇamiva dharmatā dharmasvabhāva: dharmaprakrti: vyavasthā- 

pitā, tasmānna tatra cittaṃ pravartate | cittasyāpravrttau ca kuto nimittādhyāropa: ? tada- 

bhāvāt kuto vācāṃ pravrtti: ? ataśca na kiṃcid buddhairbhagavadbhirdeśitamiti sthitama- 

vikalam | ata eva ca vakṡyati- 

sarvopalambhopaśama: prapañcopaśama: śiva: | 

na kvacitkasyacitkaściddharmo buddhena deśita: || iti | 

[ma^ śā^-24.24] 

evaṃ caitat || 

atha vā | ayamanya: pūrvapakṡa:-yaduktaṃ `prapañca: śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate' [18.5] iti, 

kathaṃ puna: prapañcasya śūnyatāyāṃ nirodha iti ? ucyate | yasmānnivrttamabhidhātavyamityādi 

pūrvavad vyākhyeyam || 

atha vā | yadetaduktaṃ prāgādhyātmikabāhyavastvanupalambhena adhyātmaṃ bahiśca ya: 

sarvadā{1. ##T om.## sarvadā.} ahaṃkāramamakāraparikṡaya:, idamatra tattvamiti | kīdrśaṃ tat kiṃvat, vaktuṃ vā 

śakyate, tasmāt- 

nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivrtte cittagocare | 

tatra tattvata: iti vākyaśeṡa: | kiṃ puna: kāraṇaṃ tatra tattve nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ 

nivrtte{2. ##Mss.## nivrtta: ##for## nivrtte.} cittagocare ityāha- 

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā || 

iti pūrvakameva vyākhyānaṃ yojyam || ata evoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre- 

@175

yāṃ ca{1. ##Compare## laṅikā. 3.7.} śāntamate rātriṃ tathāgato'nuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbuddha:, yāṃ ca rātri- 

manupādāya parinirvāsyati, asminnantare tathāgatena ekākṡaramapi nodāhrtaṃ na pravyāhrtaṃ na 

pravyāhariṡyati | kathaṃ tarhi bhagavatā sakalasurāsuranarakiṃnarasiddhavidyādharoragaprabhrti- 

vineyajanebhyo vividhaprakārebhyo dharmadeśanā deśitā ? ekakṡaṇavāgudāhāreṇaiva tattajjana- 

manastamoharaṇī bahuvidhabuddhinalinīvanavibodhinī jarāmaraṇasaritsāgarocchoṡiṇī kalpa- 

kālānalasaptārkaraśmivisarahrepiṇī śaradaruṇamahāprabheti || 

tadevaṃ sūtre- 

yathā yantrakrtaṃ tūryaṃ vādyate pavaneritam | 

na cātra vādaka: kaścinniścarantyatha ca svarā: || 

evaṃ pūrvasuśuddhatvātsarvasattvāśayeritā |

vāgniścarati buddhasya na cāsyāstīha kalpanā || 

pratiśrutkādaya: śabdā nādhyātmaṃ na bahi: sthitā: | 

vāgapyevaṃ narendrasya nādhyātmaṃ na bahi: sthitā || iti{2. ##T reads## ityādi ##for## iti ##and om. fvom## tathā ##up to## prakrtakasya krte ##below.##} | 

tathā- 

devata codani dundubhi divya karmavipāka nivrtta marūṇaṃ | 

deva pamattavihāriṇa ñātvā dundubhighoṡa pamuñci nabhāto || 

sarva anitya aśāśvata kāmā itvara adhruva phenasabhāvā: | 

māyamarīcisamā dakacandrā: sarvi bhavā: supine#ntasabhāvā: || 

dundubhi vādita śakramarudbhi: sārddhaya{3. ##Mss.## pākatha ##for## sārdhaya.} saṃkrami dharmasabhāyām | 

dharmakathāṃ pakaroti marūṇāṃ yā katha śānta virāganukūlā ||

tathā āryasamādhirāje- 

buddho yadā bheṡyati dharmarāja: 

sarvāṇa dharmāṇa pakāśako muni: | 

trṇagulmavrkṡauṡadhi śaila parvata 

abhāva dharmāṇa ravo bhaviṡyati || 

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau 

sarve hyabhāvā na hi kaści bhāva: | 

tāvantu kho tasya tathāgatasya 

svaru niścarī lokavināyakasya || 

[ samādhirājasūtra-8.4,5] 

iti vistara: || 

@176

tathā- 

ekasvarā tu tava lokahito nānādhimukti svaru niścarati | 

ekaikamanvimamabhāṡi jino brūhi smitaṃ prakrtakasya krte || iti | 

[samādhirājasūtra-14.87]

atraike paricodayanti-nāstikāviśiṡṭā mādhyamikā:, yasmāt kuśalākuśalaṃ 

karma kartāraṃ ca phalaṃ ca sarvaṃ ca lokaṃ bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyamiti bruvate | nāstikā api 

hi etannāstīti bruvate | tasmānnāstikāviśiṡṭā mādhyamikā iti | naivam | kuta: ? 

pratītyasamutpādavādino hi mādhyamikā:, hetupratyayān prāpya pratītya samutpannatvāt 

sarvameva ihalokaparalokaṃ ni:svabhāvaṃ varṇayanti | {1. ##T reads## naivaṃ nāstikā: pratītya...śūnyatvena paralokā^ ##for## yathāsvabhāvavādino...

śūnyatvena na paralokā^.}yathāsvarūpavādino naiva nāstikā:

pratītyasamutpannatvād bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatvena na paralokādyabhāvaṃ pratipannā: | kiṃ tarhi 

ehalaukikaṃ vastujātamupalabhya svabhāvata: tasya paralokādihāgamanam, ihalokācca

paralokagamanamapaśyanta: ihalokopalabdhapadārthasadrśapadārthāntarāpavādaṃ kurvanti | tathāpi 

vastusvarūpeṇa avidyamānasyaiva ten āstitvaṃ pratipannā: ityamunā tāvaddarśanena sāmya- 

mastīti cet, na hi | kuta: ? saṃvrtyā mādhyamikairastitvenābhyupagamānna tulyatā | 

vastutastulyateti cet, yadyapi vastuto'siddhistulyā, tathāpi pratipattrbhedādatulyatā | 

yathā hi krtacauryaṃ puruṡameka: samyagaparijñāyaiva tadamitraprerita: taṃ mithyā vyācaṡṭe caurya-

manena krtamiti, aparastu sākṡād drṡṭvā dūṡayati, tatra yadyapi vastuto nāsti bheda:, 

tathāpi parijñātrbhedādekastatra mrṡāvādītyucyate, aparastu satyavādīti, ekaśca ayaśasā 

ca apuṇyena ca samyak parīkṡyamāṇo yujyate nāpara:, evamihāpi yathāvadviditavastu- 

svarūpāṇāṃ mādhyamikānāṃ bruvatāmavagacchatāṃ ca vastusvarūpābhede'pi yathāvadaviditavastu- 

svarūpairnāstikai: saha jñānābhidhānayornāsti sāmyam | yathaiva hi upekṡāsāmānye'pi aprati- 

saṃkhyāya pratisaṃkhyāya upekṡakayoriva prthagjanārhato jātyandhacakṡuṡmatośca viṡamaprapāta-

pradeśaviniścitasāmānye'pi yathāsti mahān viśeṡa:, tathā nāstikānāṃ mādhyamikānāṃ ca 

viśeṡo bhaviṡyatīti pūrvācāryā: | ityalaṃ prasaṅgena, prakrtameva vyākhyāsyāma: ||7|| 

atrāha-yadyapi evam 

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā | 

tasyāṃ ca nāsti vākcittayo: pravrtti:, tathāpi naivāsau adeśyamānā śakyā 

janairvijñātumiti avaśyaṃ tasyāmavatāraṇārthaṃ vineyajanānāṃ saṃvrtisatyāpekṡayā kadāci- 

ddeśanānupūrvyā bhavitavyam, ityata: sā kathyatāmiti | ucyate | iyamatra buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ 

tattvāmrtāvatāradeśanānupūrvī vijñeyā, yaduta- 

@177

sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na vā tathyaṃ tathyaṃ cātathyameva ca | 

naivātathyaṃ naiva tathyametadbuddhānuśāsanam ||8||

tatra- 

yadyadyasya priyaṃ pūrvaṃ tattattasya samācaret | 

na hi pratihata: pātraṃ saddharmasya kathaṃcana || iti {1. ##P reads after## iti, ##the stanzā# nānyathā ##etc. against Mss. and even against T.##} | 

tathā ca bhagavatoktam- 

loko mayā sārdhaṃ vivadati | nāhaṃ lokena sārdhaṃ vivadāmi | yalloke'sti 

saṃmatam, tanmamāpyasti saṃmatam | yalloke nāsti saṃmatam, mamāpi tannāsti saṃmatam ||

ityāgamācca || 

nānyayā bhāṡayā mleccha: śakyo grāhayituṃ yathā |

na laukikamrte loka: śakyo grāhayituṃ tathā || 

[catu:śataka-8.19] 

ityādita eva tāvadbhagavatā svaprasiddhapadārthabhedasvarūpavibhāgaśravaṇasaṃjātābhilā-

ṡasya vineyajanasya yadetat skandhadhātvāyatanādikamavidyātaimirikai: satyata: parikalpita- 

mupalabdham, tadeva tāvat satyamityupavarṇitaṃ{2. ##P## tathyaṃ ##for## satyam ##against Mss.##} bhagavatā taddarśanāpekṡayā, ātmani lokasya 

gauravotpādanārtham | viditaniravaśeṡalokavrttānto'yaṃ bhagavān sarvajña: sarvadarśī, ya: evaṃ 

bhavāgraparyantasya vāyumaṇḍalāderākāśadhātuparyavasānasya bhājanalokasya sattvalokasya ca 

aviparītaṃ sthityutpādapralayādikaṃ sātivicitraprabhedaṃ sahetukaṃ saphalaṃ sāsvādaṃ sādīnavaṃ 

copadiṡṭavāniti | tadevaṃ bhagavati utpannasarvajñabuddhivineyajanasya uttarakālaṃ tadeva sarvaṃ na 

vā tathyamityupadeśitam | tatra tathyaṃ nāma yasya anyathātvaṃ nāsti | vidyate ca pratikṡaṇa- 

vināśitvāt saṃskārāṇāmanyathābhāva:, tasmādanyathābhāvasadbhāvānna vā tathyam | 

vāśabdaścakārārtho deśanāsamuccaye draṡṭavya: | sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na ca tathyamiti || 

keṡāṃcit sarvametat tathyaṃ ca atathyaṃ ceti deśitam | tatra bālajanāpekṡayā

sarvametat tathyam | āryajñānāpekṡayā tu sarvametanmrṡā, tairevamanupalambhāditi || 

keṡāṃcittu aticirābhyastatattvadarśanānāṃ kiṃcinmātrānutkhātāvaraṇatarumūlānāṃ 

naivātathyaṃ naiva tathyaṃ taditi deśitam | tasyāpi kiṃcinmātrasyāvaraṇasya prahāṇārthaṃ 

vandhyāsutasya avadātaśyāmatāpratiṡedhavadubhayametat pratiṡiddham || 

@178

etacca buddhānāṃ bhagavatāmanuśāsanam-unmārgādapanīya samyaṅmārgapratiṡṭhāpanaṃ 

śāsanam | evamānupūrvyā śāsanamanuśāsanam | vineyajanānurūpyeṇa vā śāsanamanu- 

śāsanam || 

sarvāścaitā deśanā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ mahākaruṇopāyajñānavatāṃ tattvāmrtāvatāro- 

pāyatvena vyavasthitā: | na hi tathāgatā: tattvāmrtāvatārānupāyabhūtavākyamudāharanti | 

vyādhyanurūpabhaiṡajyopasaṃhāravat te vineyajanānujighrkṡayā yathānurūpaṃ dharmaṃ deśayanti | 

yathoktaṃ śatake- 

sadasatsadasacceti nobhayaṃ ceti kathyate | 

nanu vyādhivaśātpathyamauṡadhaṃ{1. ##P## sarvaṃ ##for## pathyam ##against Mss. T however seems to read## sarvaṃ.} nāma jāyate || 

[ catu:śataka-8.20 ] 

iti ||8||

kiṃlakṡaṇaṃ puna: tat tattvaṃ yasyaitā deśanā avatārārthamupadiśante bhagavanta:{2. ##T om.## bhagavanta:.} ?

uktametadasmābhi:-

nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivrtte cittagocare | iti | 

yadā caitadevam, tadā kimaparaṃ prcchyate ? yadyapyevam, tathāpi vyavahārasatyānu- 

rodhena laukikatathyādyabhyupagamavat tasyāpi samāropato lakṡaṇamucyatāmiti | taducyate- 

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam |

nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṡaṇam ||9|| 

tatra nāsmin parapratyayo'stīti aparapratyayam | paropadeśāgamyam | svayamevādhi- 

gantavyamityartha: | yathā hi taimirikā vitathaṃ keśamaśakamakṡikādirūpaṃ paśyanto

vitimiropadeśenāpi na śaknuvanti keśānāṃ yathāvadavasthitaṃ svarūpamadarśananyāyena

adhigantavyamataimirikā ivādhigantum, kiṃ tarhi ataimirikopadeśānmithyaitadityetāvanmā- 

trakameva pratipadyante | yadā{3. ##T## yadā tu timiropaghātyañjanāñjitanayanā ataimirikā eva [bhavanti] 

tadā tat keśādisvarūpamanadhigamananyāyenāvagacchanti | evamāryai: samāropeṇa tattvamapi deśyatām, 

tathāpi tanmātreṇa anāryāṇāṃ tatsvarūpāvagamo na bhavati | yadā tu avidyātimiropaghātyaviparīta^. 

##It is likely that available Mss. haplographicaly om. from## timiro^

##upto## bhavanti.} tu timiropaghātyaviparītaśūnyatādarśanāñjanāñjitabuddhinayanā: 

santa: samutpannatattvajñānā bhavanti, tadā tat tattvamanadhigamanayogena svayamadhigaccha- 

@179

ntīti | evamaparapratyayaṃ bhāvānāṃ yat svarūpaṃ tat tattvam | etacca śāntasvabhāvama- 

taimirikakeśādarśanavat svabhāvavirahitamityartha: | ata eva tat prapañcairaprapañcitam | 

prapañco hi vāk, prapañcayati arthāniti krtvā | prapañcairaprapañcitaṃ vāgbhira- 

vyāhrtamityartha: || 

nirvikalpaṃ ca tat | vikalpaścittapracāra: | tadrahitatvāt tat tattvaṃ nirvikalpam | 

yathoktaṃ sūtre- 

paramārthasatyaṃ katamam ? yatra jñānasyāpyapracāra:, ka: punarvādo'kṡarāṇāmiti | 

evaṃ nirvikalpam || 

nānārtho'syeti nānārthaṃ bhinnārtham, na nānārtha: anānārtham, abhinnārthamityartha: | 

yathoktamāryasatyadvayāvatārasūtre- 

devaputra āha-katama: punarmañjuśrī: samyakprayoga: ? mañjuśrīrāha-yatsamā devaputra 

paramārthatastathatā dharmadhātu: atyantājātiśca, tatsamāni paramārthata: pañcānantaryāṇi, 

yatsamāni pañcānantaryāṇi tatsamāni drṡṭikrtāni, yatsamāni drṡṭikrtāni tatsamā: 

prthagjanadharmā:, yatsamā: prthagjanadharmā: tatsamā: śaikṡadharmā:, yatsamā: śaikṡadharmā: 

tatsamā aśaikṡadharmā:, yatsamā aśaikṡadharmā: tatsamā: samyaksaṃbuddhadharmā:, yatsamā: 

samyaksaṃbuddhadharmā: tatsamaṃ nirvāṇam, yatsamaṃ nirvāṇaṃ tatsama: saṃsāra:, yatsama: saṃsāra: 

tatsama: paramārthata: saṃkleśa:, yatsama: paramārthata: saṃkleśa: tatsamaṃ paramārthato vyavadānam, 

yatsamaṃ paramārthato vyavadānaṃ tatsamā: paramārthata: sarvadharmā: | evaṃ paramārthata: 

sarvadharmasamatāprayukto devaputra bhikṡu: samyakprayukta ityucyate || 

devaputra āha-katamayā punarmañjuśrī: samatayā yāvat paramārthato yatsamaṃ vyavadānaṃ 

tatsamā: sarvadharmā: paramārthata iti ? mañjuśrīrāha-paramārthata: sarvadharmānutpādasamatayā 

paramārthata: sarvadharmātyantājātisamatayā paramārthata: samā: sarvadharmā: | tat kasmāddheto: ?

paramārthato nirvāṇānānākaraṇā hi devaputra sarvadharmā atyantanirutpādatāmupādāya | 

tadyathāpi nāma devaputra yacca mrdbhājanasyābhyantaramākāśam, yacca ratnabhājanasyākāśam,  

ākāśadhātureva eṡa: | tat paramārthato na kiñcinnānākaraṇam | evameva devaputra ya: 

saṃkleśa:, sa paramārthato'tyantānutpādatā | yadapi vyavadānaṃ tadapi paramārthato'tyantā- 

nutpādatā | saṃsāro'pi paramārthato'tyantānutpādatā yāvannirvāṇamapi paramārthato- 

'tyantānutpādatā | nātra kiṃcitparamārthato nānākaraṇam | tat kasmāddheto: ? 

paramārthato'tyantānutpādatvātsarvadharmāṇāmiti || 

tadevamanānārthatā tattvasya lakṡaṇaṃ veditavyam, śūnyataikarasatvāt | uttarottara- 

vyākhyānaṃ cātra veditavyam ||9|| 

@180

evaṃ tāvadāryāṇāṃ jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāraparikṡayāya{1. ##T om.## jātijarā....krtakāryāṇām.} krtakāryāṇāṃ tattvalakṡaṇam |

laukikaṃ tu tattvalakṡaṇamadhikrtyocyate- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam ||10|| 

yat kāraṇaṃ pratītya yat kāryamutpadyate, tadyathā śālibījaṃ pratītya prthivyādi- 

sāmagrīṃ ca śālyaṅkura upajāyate, na hi tāvat tadeva taditi śakyate vaktum | naiva yadeva 

bījaṃ sa eva aṅkura:, janyajanakayorekatvaprasaṅgāt | tataśca pitāputrayorapi ekatvaṃ 

syāt | ananyatvācca aṅkurāvasthāyāmaṅkuravadbījagrahaṇamapi syāt, bījavacca aṅkurasyāpi 

grahaṃaṃ syāt |{2. ##T (wrongly)## na syāt ##for## syāt.} nityatvaṃ caivaṃ bījasya syāt, avināśābhyupagamāt | tataśca 

śāśvatavādaprasaṅgānmahādoṡarāśi: syāt karmaphalādyabhāvaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ tāvad yadeva 

bījaṃ sa eva aṅkura: iti na yujyate | na ca anyadapi tattasmāt | nāpi bījādaṅkura- 

syānyatvam, bījamantareṇāpi aṅkurodayaprasaṅgāt | 

yadyanyadanyadanyasmādanyasmādapyrte bhavet | 

[ma^ śā^-16.6] 

iti vacanādaṅkurāvasthāne'pi bījānucchedaprasaṅgāt | tataśca satkāryavādadoṡa: syāt | 

yataścaivaṃ yat kāraṇaṃ pratītya yat kāryamutpadyate, naiva tat kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ bhavati, 

na ca tasmātkāraṇāttat kāryamanyat | tasmānna kāraṇamucchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatamiti 

śakyate vyavasthāpayitum | yathoktamāryadevapādai:-

yasmātpravartate bhāvastenocchedo na jāyate | 

yasmānnivartate bhāvastena nityo na jāyate || iti | 

[catu:śataka-10.25] 

uktaṃ ca āryalalitavistarasūtre-

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro na ca yo bīja sa caiva aṅkuro | 

na ca anyu tato na caiva tadevamanuccheda aśāśvata dharmatā || 

[lalitavistara-13.102] 

iti ||10||

tadevaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena- 

anekārthamanānārthamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

etattalokanāthānāṃ buddhānāṃ śāsanāmrtam ||11|| 

@181

mahākaruṇopāyamahāmeghapaṭalanirantarāvacchāditākāśadhātuparyantadiṅmaṇḍalānāṃ

rāgādikleśagaṇasamudācārātitīkṡṇatarādityamaṇḍalopatāpitajagajjātijarāmaraṇadu:kha- 

dahanasaṃtāpopaśamatatparāṇāṃ satatāviratayathānurūpacaritapratipakṡasaddharmadeśanāmrtadhārāpātai: 

yathānurūpavineyajanakuśalamūlasyauṡadhiphalaphullalatotpannātivrddhyanujighrkṡūṇāṃ saddharmā- 

mrtamahāvarṡavarṡiṇāṃ samyaksaṃbuddhamahānāgānāmatrāṇālaukikatrāṇānāmanāthanāthānāṃ sakala-

lokanāthānāmetat tatsaddharmāmrtaṃ sakalatraidhātukabhavadu:khakṡayasvabhāvaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena 

ekatvānyatvarahitaṃ śāśvatocchedavādavigataṃ ca vijñeyam | etaddharmatattvāmrtapratipannānāṃ 

śrāvakāṇāṃ śrutacintābhāvanākramāt pravartamānānāṃ śīlasamādhiprajñātmakaskandhatrayāmrta- 

rasasya upayogānniyatameva jarāmaraṇakṡayasvabhāvanirvāṇādhigamo bhavati | athāpi kathaṃ-

cidiha aparipakvakuśalamūlatayā śrutvāpyetat saddharmāmrtam, drṡṭa eva dharma na mokṡamāsā- 

dayanti, tathāpi janmāntare'pi avaśyameṡāṃ pūrvahetubalādeva niyatā siddhi: saṃpadyate | 

yathoktaṃ śatake- 

iha yadyapi tattvajño nirvāṇaṃ nādhigacchati |

prāpnotyayatnato'vaśyaṃ punarjanmani karmavat || [catu:śataka-8.22] 

iti ||11|| 

athāpi kathaṃcit- 

saṃbuddhānāmanutpāde śrāvakāṇāṃ puna: kṡaye | 

sati, āryamārgopadeśakakalyāṇamitrapratyayavaikalyāt na syād dharmatattvāmrtādhi- 

gama:, tathāpi pūrvajanmāntaradharmatattvaśravaṇahetubalādeva aihalaukikopadeśanirapekṡāṇāmapi 

pravivekasevāmātropanatapratyayānāṃ svāyaṃbhuvaṃ- 

jñānaṃ pratyekabuddhānāmasaṃsargātpravartate ||12|| 

kāyacetaso: praviveko'saṃsarga:, kalyāṇamitrāparyeṡaṇaṃ vā | tasmādasaṃsargāddheto: 

pratyekabuddhānāmasaṃbuddhake'pi kāle yasmādbhavatyeva dharmatattvādhigama:, tasmādavandhyā 

siddhirasya saṃbuddhamahāvaidyarājapraṇītasya saddharmatattvāmrtabhaiṡajyasyeti vijñeyam | yataśca 

etadevam, ato'rhati prājña: prāṇānapi parityajya saddharmatattvaṃ paryeṡitumiti | yathoktaṃ 

bhagavatā āryāṡṭasāhasrikāyāṃ bhagavatyām- 

kathaṃ ca bhagavan sadāpraruditena bodhisattvena mahāsattvena iyaṃ prajñāpāramitā 

paryeṡitā ? evamukto bhagavānāyuṡmantaṃ subhūtiṃ sthavirametadavocat-sadāpraruditena bodhi- 

sattvena mahāsattvena pūrvaṃ prajñāpāramitāṃ paryeṡamāṇena kāye'narthikena jīvitanirapekṡeṇa lābha-

satkāraślokeṡvaniśritena paryeṡamāṇena paryeṡitā | tena prajñāpāramitāṃ paryeṡamāṇena araṇya- 

gatena antarīkṡānnirghoṡa: śruto'bhūt-gaccha kulaputra{1. ##for## kulaputratvaṃ ##in printed edition of BI.##} pūrvasyāṃ diśi | tatra prajñāpāramitāṃ 

@182

śroṡyasi | tathā ca gaccha yathā na kāyaklamathamanasikāramutpādayasi, na styānamiddhamana- 

sikāramutpādayasi, na bhojanamanasikāramutpādayasi, yāvat mā kvaciccittaṃ praṇidhā 

adhyātmaṃ vā bahirdhā vā | mā ca kulaputra vāmenāvalokayan gā:, mā dakṡiṇena, [mā 

pūrveṇa], mā paścimena, mā uttareṇa, mā ūrdhvaṃ mā adha:, mā ca anuvidiśamavalokayan 

gā: | tathā ca kulaputra gaccha yathā [ nātmato ] na satkāyataścalasi na rūpato na

vedanāto na saṃjñāto na saṃskārebhyo na vijñānataścalasi | yo hi ataścalati sa 

vitiṡṭhate | [kuto vitiṡṭhate ? ] buddhadharmebhyo vitiṡṭhate | yo buddhadharmebhyo vitiṡṭhate, sa saṃsāre 

carati | ya: saṃsāre carati, sa prajñāpāramitāyāṃ na carati, na ca tāmanuprāpnotīti || 

[aṡṭasāhasrikā-481] 

yāvanmāreṇa pāpīyasā udake'ntardhāpite athāsyaitadabhūt-yannvahamātmana: kāyaṃ 

viddhvā imaṃ prthivīpradeśaṃ rudhireṇa siñceyam | tatkasya heto: ? ayaṃ prthivīpradeśa uddhatara- 

jaska:, mā rajodhāturito dharmodgatasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya śarīre nipatet | 

kimahamātmabhāvena kariṡyāmi avaśyaṃ bhedanadharmiṇā ? varaṃ khalu punarmama evaṃrūpayā 

kriyayā ātmabhāvasya vināśa: krto bhavet, na tvevaṃ ni:sāmarthyakriyayā | bahūni ca mama 

ātmabhāvasahasrāṇi kāmaheto: kāmanidānaṃ bhinnāni puna: puna: saṃsāre saṃsarata:, na 

punarevaṃbhūteṡu sthāneṡu.... | atha khalu sadāprarudito bodhisattvo mahāsattva: tīkṡṇaṃ śastraṃ 

grhītvā samantādātmānaṃ viddhvā samantatastaṃ prthivīpradeśaṃ svakena rudhireṇāsiñcadityādi ||

[aṡṭasāhasrikā-522] 

atha khalu sadāprarudito bodhisattvo mahāsattva: sahadarśanādeva dharmodgatasya bodhi- 

sattvasya mahāsattvasya evaṃrūpaṃ sukhaṃ pratyalabhata-tadyathāpi nāma prathamadhyānasamāpannasya 

bhikṡorekāgramanasikārasya bhikṡo: | tatreyaṃ dharmodgatasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya 

prajñāpāramitādeśanā yaduta sarvadharmasamatayā prajñāpāramitāsamatā, sarvadharmaviviktatayā 

prajñāpāramitāviviktatā, sarvadharmācalatayā prajñāpāramitācalatā, sarvadharmāmananatayā 

prajñāpāramitāmananatā, sarvadharmāstambhitatayā prajñāpāramitāstambhitatā, sarvadharmaikara- 

satayā prajñāpāramitaikarasatā, sarvadharmāparyantatayā prajñāpāramitāparyantatā, sarvadharmānutpāda-

tayā prajñāpāramitānutpādatā, sarvadharmānirodhatayā prajñāpāramitānirodhatā, gaganāparyanta-

tayā prajñāpāramitāparyantatā, yāvat sarvadharmāsaṃbhedanatayā prajñāpāramitāsaṃbhedanatā, sarva-

dharmānupalabdhitayā prajñāpāramitānupalabdhitā, sarvadharmābhibhāvanāsamatayā prajñāpāra- 

mitābhibhāvanāsamatā, sarvadharmaniśceṡṭatayā prajñāpāramitāniśceṡṭatā, sarvadharmācintyatayā 

prajñāpāramitācintyatā veditavyeti || [ aṡṭasāhasrikā-524] 

|| ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

ātmaparīkṡā nāma aṡṭādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@183
19 

kālaparīkṡā ekonaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva:, kālatrayavijñaptihetutvāt | iha atītā-

nāgatapratyutpannāstraya: kālā bhagavatā upadiṡṭā: | te ca bhāvāśrayā: | yasmādutpanno 

niruddho hi bhāvasvabhāva: atīta iti vyapadiśyate, utpanno'niruddho hi vartamāna:,

alabdhātmabhāvo'nāgata iti | evaṃ bhāvasvabhāvanibandhanāstraya: kālā upadiṡṭā: | 

te ca santi | tasmāt tannibandhano'pi bhāvasvabhāvo'stīti | ucyate | syāt kālatraya- 

prajñaptiheturbhāvasvabhāva:, yadi kālatrayameva bhavadabhimataṃ bhavet | na tvasti | yathā ca

nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca yadyatītamapekṡya hi | 

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca kāle'tīte bhaviṡyata: ||1|| 

iha tāvat yadi vartamānānāgatau syātām, tāvapekṡya atītaṃ kālaṃ bhavetām, 

anapekṡya vā ? tatra yadi atītamapekṡya sidhyete, tathā niyatamatīte kāle bhaviṡyata: |

yasmāt, yasya hi asattvam, tat{1. ##Mss.## yatattvenopekṡata: ##for## tat tena nāpekṡyate ##which is confirmed T. by##} tena nāpekṡyate | tadyathā vandhyā strī svatanayena, 

gaganamālatīlatā svakusumena, sikatā svatailena | avidyamānamapyandhakāraṃ pradīpena, 

pradīpo'pi andhakāreṇa pratidvandvitvena apekṡyate iti cet, naitadevam | asyāpi sādhya- 

samatvāt | tadatra yadi atīte kāle vartamānānāgatau kālau iṡyete, apekṡāsiddhyarthamevaṃ sati 

atīte kāle vidyamānatvāt atītakālātmavat tayorapyatītvaṃ syāt | tataśca atīto'pi 

na syāt | yasmāt vartamānāvasthātikrānto hi atīta: asaṃprāpta: anāgata iti syāt | 

yadā tu vartamānānāgatayorasaṃbhava eva, tadā kuta: kasyacidatītatvaṃ syāt ? ityata: 

atīto'pi na syāt ||1|| 

atha yathoktadoṡaparijihīrṡayā- 

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca na stastatra punaryadi | 

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca syātāṃ kathamapekṡya tam ||2|| 

tatra atīte kāle yadi vartamānānāgatau kālau na sta: iti parikalpyate, evamapi 

tatra avidyamānatvāt gaganendīvaravannāstyapekṡā ||2|| 

athāpi syāt-kālavādināṃ{2. ##T## kālavādināṃ darśane ##for## kālavādināṃ.} vidyate eva kāla:, tatra kimapekṡayā prayojana- 

miti ? ucyate | evamapi- 


@184

anapekṡya puna: siddhirnātītaṃ vidyate tayo: |

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca tasmātkālo na vidyate ||3|| 

pratyutpannānāgatayorasattvam, atītānapekṡatvāt{1. ##Mss.## asyātītā^ ##for## atītā^.}, svaraviṡāṇavat | yataścaivam 

pratyutpanno'nāgataśca tasmātkālo na vidyate iti vijñeyam ||3|| 

yadā caivam atītamapekṡya vā anapekṡya vā pratyutpannānāgatayornāsti siddhi:, evaṃ

pratyutpannāpekṡayā vā anapekṡayā vā atītānāgatayo: anāgatāpekṡayā vā anapekṡayā vā 

pratyutpannātītayo: asiddhau iṡyamāṇāyāṃ tenaiva pratyutpannāgatayo: atītāpekṡayā vā ana- 

pekṡayā asiddhikrameṇa dūṡaṇasāmyamatidiśannāha-

etenaivāvaśiṡṭau dvau krameṇa parivartakau | 

uttamādhamamadhyādīnekatvādīṃśca lakṡayet ||4||

kathaṃ krtvā ? 

yadyatīto'nāgataśca pratyutpannamapekṡya hi | 

kālo'tīto'nāgataśca pratyutpanne bhaviṡyata: || 

kālo'tīto'nāgataśca na stastatra punaryadi | 

kālo'tīto'nāgataśca syātāṃ kathamapekṡya tam || 

anapekṡya puna: siddhirna jātaṃ{2. ##Mss.## nātītaṃ ##for## na jātaṃ ##which is based on T.##}vidyate tayo: | 

tenātīto'nāgataśca kālo nāma na vidyate || 

eṡa tāvadeka: kālaparivarta: | 

atīto vartamānaśca yadyajātamapekṡya hi | 

atīto vartamānaśca kāle'jāte bhaviṡyata: || 

atīto vartamānaśca na stastatra punaryadi | 

atīto vartamānaśca syātāṃ kathamapekṡya tam ||

anapekṡya: puna: siddhirnājātaṃ vidyate tayo: | 

atīto vartamānaśca tasmātkālo na vidyate || 

eṡa dvitīya: kālaparivarta iti{3. ##T om.## iti vyākhyānakārikā iti.} vyākhyānakārikā iti | evaṃ dvau kālaparivartau

boddhavyau || 

yataśca evaṃ vicāraṇe kālatrayaṃ nāsti, tasmāt kālo na vidyate, kālābhāvācca

bhāvasadbhāvo'pi nāsti iti siddham || 

yathā caitatkālatrayaṃ vicāritam, evam 

uttamādhamamadhyādīnekatvādīṃśca lakṡayet | 

@185

uttamādhamamadhyamān iti ādiśabdena kuśalākuśalāvyākrtāni, utpādasthiti- 

bhaṅgā:, pūrvāntāparāntamadhyāntā:, kāmarūpārūpyadhātava:, śaikṡāśaikṡanaivaśaikṡanaivāśaikṡādayo 

yāvanta: padārthā: tripadārthasaṃbandhavyavasthitā:, te sarve grhyante | ekatvādīṃśca ityanena 

ādiśabdena dvitvabahutvayorgrahaṇāt te eva uttamādaya: ekatvādayaśca kālatrayavyākhyānena

vyākhyātā vedivyā: ||4|| 

atrāha-vidyata eva kāla: parimāṇavattvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya parimāṇa- 

vattvaṃ vidyate tadyathā kharaviṡāṇasya | asti ca kālasya parimāṇavattvaṃ kṡaṇalavamuhūrtadiva- 

sarātryahorātrapakṡamāsasaṃvatsarādibhedena | tasmāt, parimāṇavattvād vidyata eva kāla: 

iti | ucyate | yadi kālo nāma kaścit syāt, syāttasya parimāṇavattvam | na

tvasti | yasmāt- 

nāsthito grhyate kāla: sthita: kālo na vidyate | 

yo grhyetāgrhītaśca kāla: prajñapyate katham ||5||

iha yadi kālo nāma kaścidavasthita: kṡaṇādivyatirikta: syāt, sa kṡaṇādibhi: 

parimāṇavattvād grhyeta | na tu avasthita: kūṭastha: kaścit kālo nāma asti, ya: 

kṡaṇādibhirgrhyeta | tadevaṃ nāsthito grhyate kāla:, asthitatvānna grhyate ityartha: ||

athāpi syāt-nitya eva avasthitasvabhāva: kālo nāma asti, kṡaṇādibhira- 

bhivyajyate | tathāhi- 

kāla: pacati bhūtāni kāla: saṃharate prajā: | 

kāla: supteṡu jāgarti kālo hi duratikrama: || iti | 

yaścaivaṃlakṡaṇa: so'vasthitasvabhāvo'stīti | ucyate | evamapi sthita: kālo na 

vidyate ya: kṡaṇādibhirabhivyajyamāno grhyeta | kasmāt puna: sthita: kālo nāstīti cet, 

kṡaṇādivyatirekeṇāgrhyamāṇatvāt || 

api ca | ayaṃ kāla: saṃskrtasvabhāva: san astīti, asaṃskrtasvabhāvo vā ? 

ubhayaṃ ca saṃskrtaparīkṡāyāṃ pratiṡiddham- 

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmasiddhau nāsti saṃskrtam | 

saṃskrtasyāpyasiddhau ca kathaṃ setsyatyasaṃskrtam || [ma^ śā^ -7.33] 

ityanena | tadevaṃ nāsti vyavasthita: kāla:, yo grhyeta | yaśca idānīṃ kālo

na grhyate asthitatvādavidyamānasvarūpatvāt, so'grhyamāṇa: san kathaṃ kṡaṇādibhi: 

prajñapayituṃ bhāvata:{1. ##T om## bhāvata:.} pāryata ityāha-agrhītaśca kāla: prajñapyate kathamiti | tasmānnā- 

styeva kāla: ||5|| 

@186

atrāha-satyaṃ nāsti nitya: kālo nāma kaścid rūpādivyatirikta: svabhāva- 

siddha:, kiṃ tarhi rūpādīneva sa saṃskārānupādāya prajñapta: kāla: kṡaṇādivācyo bhavati,

tasmādadoṡa iti | ucyate | evamapi- 

bhāvaṃ pratītya kālaścetkālo bhāvādrte kuta: | 

yadyevaṃ bhāvaṃ pratītya kālo bhavatīti bhavatā{1. ##T om.## bhavatā.} vyavasthāpyate, yadā khalu bhāvo 

nāsti, tadā niyataṃ taddhetuko'pi kālo nāstīti pratipādayannāha-

na ca kaścana bhāvo'sti 

iti pūrvaṃ vistareṇa pratipāditatvādvakṡyamāṇapratiṡedhācca | yadā caivaṃ na kaścidbhā- 

vo'sti bhāvata:, tadā- 

kuta: kālo bhaviṡyati ||6|| 

kālābhāvācca na santi kṡaṇalavamuhūrtādaya:{2. ##T## kṡaṇādaya: ##for## kṡaṇalavamuhūrtādaya:.} kālabhedā: tatpariṇāmabhūtā:, 

ityata: kuta: pariṇāmavattvena kālasiddhirbhaviṡyati ? tasmānnāstyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva: 

iti || uktaṃ hi bhagavatā āryahastikakṡyasūtre-

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāva: 

tatraiva gaccheya jina: saśrāvako | 

kūṭasthadharmāṇa siyā na nirvrtī 

na niṡprapañco bhavi jātu paṇḍita: || iti | 

tathā- 

buddhasahasraśatā ya atātā 

dharmasahasraśatāni bhaṇitvā | 

naiva ca dharma na cākṡara kṡīṇā
 
nāsti samudbhavu tena akṡīṇā || iti | 
[samādhirājasūtra-37.22] 
tathā{3. ##Mss.## tadyathā ##for## tathā ##which is based on T.##}- 

utpādakāle hi tathāgatasya 

maitreyanāmā tviha yo bhaviṡyati | 

bhaviṡyatīyaṃ kanakāvrtā mahī 

tasyā idānīṃ kuta āgamo'sau || 

@187

ullāpanā:{1. ##T. om. from## ullāpanā: ##to the end of the chapter.##} kāmaguṇā hi pañca 

vibhrāmaṇā mohana moṡadharmiṇa: | 

madhyāhnakāle hi yathaiva grīṡme 

jalaṃ marīcyāṃ hi tathaiva kāmā: || 

ekena kalpena bhaveddhi loko 

ākāśabhūto gaganasvabhāvo | 

dāhaṃ vināśaṃ ca payānti bhe[bhī ?]rava:

kuta āgama: kutra gatiśca teṡām || iti || 

tadyathā- 

pañcemāni bhikṡava: saṃjñāmātraṃ pratijñāmātraṃ vyavahāramātraṃ saṃvrtimātraṃ yaduta 

atīto'dhvā anāgato'dhvā ākāśaṃ nirvāṇaṃ pudgalaśceti || 

|| ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

kālaparīkṡā nāma ekonaviṃśaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@188

20 

sāmagrīparīkṡā viṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam 

atrāha-vidyate kāla:, phalapravrttau sahakārikāraṇabhāvāt | yo nāsti, nāsau

sahakārikāraṇabhāvena pratipadyate, vandhyātanayavat | tasmādasti kāla:, sahakārikāraṇa- 

bhāvāt | iha bījāvanisalilajvalanapavanagaganābhidhānahetupratyayasāmagrīṃ pratītya 

ayamaṅkura upajāyamāna:, satyāmapi bījādipratyayasāmagryām, rtuviśeṡāsanni- 

dhānānnopajāyate | yathā ca bāhyeṡu, evamādhyātmikeṡvapi | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

na praṇaśyanti karmāṇi kalpakoṭiśatairapi | 

sāmagrīṃ prāpya kālaṃ ca phalanti khalu dehinām || iti | 

yasmācca evamasti kālāpekṡā, tasmādastyasau kālo nāma, ya: aṅkurādipravrttau 

sahakārikāraṇaṃ bhavatīti | ucyate | syāt sahakārikāraṇatā kālasya, yadi aṅkurādi- 

phalasya pravrttireva syāt | na tvasti | kathaṃ krtvā ? iha bījādihetupratyayasāmagrīto- 

'ṅkurādiphalodaye parikalpyamāne vyavasthitasya vā phalasya sāmagryāṃ satyāṃ tata utpāda: 

parikalpyeta avyavasthitasya vā ? kiṃ cāta: ? yadi tāvad vyavasthitasya parikalpyate,

tanna yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryā jāyate yadi | 

phalamasti ca sāmagryāṃ sāmagryā jāyate katham ||1|| 

yadi hetupratyayasāmagryāṃ tvanmatena phalamasti, nanu evaṃ sati yasmāt sāmagryā- 

masti, kathaṃ tayā tajjanyate ? na hi kuṇḍe dadhi vidyamānaṃ kuṇḍena janyate | api ca | 

yadvidyate tanniṡpannatvāt niṡpannapurovasthitaghaṭavat na punarjanmāpekṡate | abhivyakti: 

sthaulyaṃ vā sūkṡmātmanā vidyamānasya kriyata iti cet, tasyāpi pakṡasya pūrvameva {1. ##P reads## pūrvamevottaratvāt ##for## pūrvameva.}-

āgacchatyanyato nāgnirindhane'gnirna vidyate | 

[ma^ śā^-10.13]

ityatroktamuttaram ||1|| 

atha nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti parikalpyate, etadapi nopapadyate iti 

pratipādayannāha- 

hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryā jāyate yadi | 

phalaṃ nāsti ca sāmagryāṃ sāmagryā jāyate katham ||2|| 

@189

yadi hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryāṃ nāsti tatphalam, kathaṃ tarhi hetupratyayasāmagryā 

phalaṃ janyate ? tatra avidyamānatvāt sikatābhiriva tailam | ata eva asaṃbhāvayannāha- 

phalaṃ nāsti ca sāmagryāṃ sāmagryā jāyate katham | 

na tatphalaṃ sāmagrīto jāyate ityabhiprāya: ||2|| 

kiṃ cānyat- 

hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryāmasti cetphalam |

grhyeta nanu sāmagryāṃ sāmagryāṃ ca na grhyate ||3||

yad yatra asti, tat tatra grhyate, tadyathā kuṇḍe dadhi | yacca yatra nāsti na

tattatra grhyate tadyathā sikatāsu tailam, maṇḍūkajaṭāyāṃ śiromaṇi: || 

atha syāt-vidyamānā api padārthā: atisaukṡmyāt, atisaṃnikarṡāt, ati- 

viprakarṡāt, indriyopaghātāt, mūrtivaddravyavyavadhānāt, mūrtyantardhānāt, mano'navasthānāt, 

paramāṇuvat akṡasthāñjanaśalākāvat ādityagativat taimirikaikaikakeśavat andhabadhirādi- 

rūpaśabdādivat kuḍyādivyavahitaghaṭādivat siddhadevapiśācādiśarīravat viṡayāntara- 

vyāprtasya viṡayāntaravanna grhyate iti cet, kiṃ khalu eṡāmagrhyamāṇānāmastitve

liṅgam, yena eṡāmastitve sati anupalabdhiriti syāt ? anumānopamānā 

gamairgrahaṇādeṡāmastitvamiti cet, na tarhi teṡāmanupalabdhiriti vaktavyam, anumānādi-

bhirupalabhyamānatvāt | yad rūpīndriyagrāhyaṃ tad ebhi: kāraṇairvidyamānamapi sanna grhyate,

iti cet, ucyate kimasmābhirevamuktam-rūpīndriyairvidyamānaṃ sad grhyeteti ? kiṃ tarhi 

sāmānyenaiva yad brūma:-grhyeta nanu sāmagryāmiti || 

athāpi manyase-yad yatra nāsti, na tat tasmādutpadyate sikatābhyastailavat | 

utpadyate ca sāmagrīta: phalam, tasmādanumānata: sāmagryāṃ phalasyāstitvamiti |

ucyate | yad yatra asti, na tat tasmādutpadyate, tadyathā kuṇḍād dadhi iti | asmādapya-

numānādastitvamasya ayuktamiti krtvā nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti kiṃ nag rhyate ? 

athāpi syāt-ubhayorapi pakṡayoranumānavirodhād yathā astitvaṃ na yuktam, 

eva nāstitvamapīti | ucyate | na vayamasyāsattvaṃ pratipādayāma:, kiṃ tarhi parikalpitaṃ 

sattvamasya nirākurma: | evaṃ na vayamasya sattvaṃ pratipādayāma:, kiṃ tarhi paraparikalpitama-

sattvamasya apākurma: | antadvayaparihāreṇa madhyamāyā: pratipada: pratipādayitumiṡṭatvā-

diti | uktaṃ ca āryadevapādīye{1. ##T om.## āryadevapādīye.} śatake- 

stambhādīnāmalaṃkāro grhasyārthe nirarthaka: | 

satkāryameva yasyeṡṭaṃ yasyāsatkāryameva ca || iti | 

[catu:śataka-11.15] 

@190

tadevaṃ na sāmagrīta: phalamutpadyate vidyamānasya grahaṃaprasaṅgāt, iti vyava- 

sthitam ||3|| 

atha manyase-nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti, evamapi- 

hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryāṃ nāsti cetphalam | 

hetava: pratyayāśca syurahetupratyayai: samā: ||4|| 

yathā hi jvālāṅgārādiṡu aṅkuro nāstīti krtvā tasya te hetupratyayā na

bhavanti, evaṃ vivakṡitānāmapi bījādīnāṃ hetupratyayatā na syāt teṡu aṅkuro nāstīti 

krtvā | na ca ahetupratyayebhya: phalapravrttiryukteti nāsti svabhāvata: phalapravrtti: || 

atrāha-naiva hi sāmagryā: phalotpādanasāmarthyamasti yata: iyaṃ cintā syāt- 

kiṃ sāmagryāṃ phalamasti utāho nāstīti | kiṃ tarhi heto: phalotpādanasāmarthyam | 

sāmagrī tu hetoranugrahamātraṃ karoti | sa hetu: phalasyotpattyarthaṃ hetuṃ datvā nirudhyate, tena

ca hetunā anugrhyamāṇaṃ phalamutpadyate iti | ucyate | naiva hi ajātasya phalasya hetoranu- 

grahaṃamasti | na cāpyajātasya vandhyātanayasyeva kenacitkiṃcinmātraṃ kartuṃ śakyamityayuktaiṡā 

kalpanā ||4|| 

api ca- 

hetukaṃ phalasya datvā yadi heturnirudhyate | 

yaddattaṃ yanniruddhaṃ ca hetorātmadvayaṃ bhavet ||5|| 

yadi hetu:{1. ##T## sa hetu: ##for## hetu:.} phalasyotpattyarthaṃ hetukaṃ{2. ##Mss.## hetukāraṇaṃ; ##T## hetuṃ tatkāraṇahetuṃ ##for## hetukaṃ.} kāraṇaṃ datvā nirudhyata iti parikalpyate, evaṃ 

sati yaddattaṃ yanniruddhaṃ ca tadātmabhāvadvayaṃ heto: syāt | na caitad yuktam, ardhaśāśvata-

prasaṅgāt nityānityayośca parasparaviruddhayorekatvābhāvāt ||5|| 

atha hetorātmabhāvadvayaprasaṅgaparihārārthaṃ sarvātmanā nirodha iṡyate phalasyo- 

tpattyarthaṃ kiṃcidapyadatvā, evamapi-

hetuṃ phalasyādatvā ca yadi heturnirudhyate | 

hetau niruddhe jātaṃ tatphalamāhetukaṃ bhavet ||6|| 

yadi phalasya kiṃcidapyadatvā sarvātmanā heturnirudhyate, nanu tasmin hetau niruddhe 

yatphalamutpadyate tat āhetukaṃ syāt | na ca āhetukamasti | ityayuktaiṡā kalpanā ||6||

atrāha-yadi evaṃ phalasya hetorutpattau doṡa:, evaṃ sati sahotpannaiva sāmagrī 

phalasya janikā astu, tadyathā pradīpaprabhāyā iti | eṡāpi kalpanā nopapadyate iti 

pratipādayannāha- 

@191

phalaṃ sahaiva sāmagryā yadi prādurbhavetpuna: | 

ekakālau prasajyete janako yaśca janyate ||7|| 

na caikakālayo: savyetaragoviṡāṇayorjanyajanakatvaṃ drṡṭam, vāmadakṡiṇakarayośca-

raṇayorvā, ityayuktaiṡā kalpanā ityayuktametat ||7||

atrāhureke-naiva hi abhūtvā bhāvānāmutpattiryuktā ākasmikatvaprasaṅgāt | 

tasmād hetupratyayasāmagrīta: pūrvameva tat phalamanāgatāvasthāyāṃ vyavasthitamanāgatātmanā | 

tasya hetupratyayasāmagryā vartamānāvasthā janyate, dravyaṃ tu vyavasthitameveti | tān 

pratyucyate- 

pūrvameva ca sāmagryā: phalaṃ prādurbhavedyadi | 

hetupratyayanirmuktaṃ phalamāhetukaṃ bhavet ||8|| 

yadi bhavatāmabhīpsitaṃ{1. ##T om.## bhavatāmabhīpsitaṃ.} sāmagrīta: pūrvameva phalaṃ svarūpata: syāditi, tad hetu-

pratyayanirapekṡaṃ syāt, tataśca āhetukaṃ syāt | na ca āhetukānāṃ padārthānāmastitvaṃ 

yuktam, kharaturagoragaviṡāṇādīnāmapyastitvaprasaṅgāt, pūrvasiddhasya ca puna: hetupratyayā- 

pekṡayā niṡprayojanatvādityayuktametat ||8|| 

anye punarvarṇayanti-hetureva phalaṃ janayati na sāmagrī | na ca uktadoṡaprasaṅga: | 

yasmāt na hi anyo hetu: anyat phalam | yata:, kiṃ hetuṃ datvā phalasya heturnirudhyate 

uta adatvaiveti vicāra: syāt | api tu hetureva niruddha: phalātmanā vyavasthita: iti |

ucyate | evamapi- 

niruddhe cetphalaṃ hetau heto: saṃkramaṇaṃ bhavet | 

pūrvajātasya hetośca punarjanma prasajyate ||9|| 

yadi niruddhe hetau bhavanmatena phalamutpadyate, tacca phalaṃ hetvātmakameva bhavatīti 

parikalpyate, evaṃ sati heto: saṃkramaṇaṃ bhavet, naṭasya veṡāntaraparityāgena veṡāntarasaṃcāra- 

vat heto: saṃkramaṇamātrameva syāt, na tu apūrvasya phalasyotpāda: | tataśca hetornityataiva 

syāt | na ca nityānāmastitvaṃ kvacidasti | yathoktaṃ śatake- 

apratītyāstitā nāsti kadācitkasyacitkvacit | 

na kadācitkvacitkaścidvidyate tena śāśvata: || iti ||

[catu:śataka-9.6] 

kiṃ ca | etasyāṃ kalpanāyāṃ pūrvajātasya ca heto: punarjanma prāpnoti | na ca 

jātasya punarapi [ janma ] yujyate niṡprayojanatvāt, anavasthāprasaṅgācca ||

@192

atha manyase-yenātmanā vidyamāno na tenaivātmanā jāyate, yena cātmanā 

avidyamāna: tenaiva jāyata iti | etadapi na yuktam | aparityaktahetusvabhāvasya hetu- 

svarūpasya phalamiti saṃjñāmātrabhedādavasthābhedācca dravyābhedasya{1. ##T## dravyabhedasya ##for## dravyābhedasya.} sādhayitumaśakyatvāt | 

phalāvasthāyāṃ ca parityaktahetusvabhāvasya phalaśabdavācyatvād hetu: phalātmanā tiṡṭhatīti 

yatkiṃcidetat ||9|| 

kiṃ cānyat-yadi hetu: phalaṃ janayet, niruddho vā janayedaniruddho vā ? phalamapi 

utpannaṃ vā janayedanutpannaṃ vā ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha- 

janayetphalamutpannaṃ niruddho'staṃgata: katham | 

tiṡṭhannapi kathaṃ hetu: phalena janayedvrta: ||10|| 

[{2. ##The portion in brackets is missing in all Mss. and is supplied from T.##}yadi tāvat niruddha: astaṃgata: hetu: utpannaṃ sat vidyamānaṃ phalaṃ janayatīti 

parikalpyate, tannopapadyate | kasmāditi cet, kathaṃ niruddha: asaṃvidyamāna: hetu: phalaṃ 

janayet ? yadi janayati, vandhyāputro'pi putraṃ janayiṡyati | phalaṃ ca sad vidyamānamapi 

janmanirapekṡamapi kathaṃ heturjanayiṡyati ? atha manyase-śaktyabhāvānniruddho na janayati,

kiṃ tu tiṡṭhanneva hetu: phalaṃ janayiṡyatīti | ucyate |] tiṡṭhannapi heturavikrtarūpo 

vidyamānena phalena vrta: saṃbaddha: kathaṃ janayet ? iha hi- 

kāraṇaṃ vikrtiṃ gacchajjāyate'nyasya kāraṇam | 

iti kāraṇābhāvaṃ pratipadyamānasya hetoravaśyaṃ vikāreṇa bhavitavyam | yastu na 

vikriyate, sa hetulakṡaṇayukta eva na bhavatīti | phalena ca saṃbaddha: kathaṃ janayet ? phalasya 

vidyamānatvāt ||10||

atha manyase-vidyamānasya phalasya punarjanayitumaśakyatvāt avrta eva asaṃbaddha

eva hetu: phalena phalaṃ janayiṡyatīti, etadapyayuktamityāha- 

athāvrta: phalenāsau katamajjanayetphalam | 

yadi hetu: phalena asaṃbaddha eveṡyate, tadā katamadidānīṃ phalaṃ janayet ? sarvameva

vā phalaṃ janayedasaṃbaddhatvāt, na vā kiṃcijjanayedasaṃbaddhatvādevetyabhiprāya: || 

kiṃ cānyat | yadi hetu: phalaṃ janayet, sa drṡṭvā phalaṃ janayedadrṡṭvā vā ? ubhayathā

ca na yujyate ityāha- 

na hyadrṡṭvā vā drṡṭvā vā heturjanayate phalam ||11|| 

@193

tatra yadi heturdrṡṭvā janayatīti parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | yasmādvidyamānameva 

draṡṭuṃ pāryate nāvidyamānam | vidyamānaṃ cet, tanna janyate vidyamānatvāditi | evaṃ tāvad

hetu: phalaṃ drṡṭvā na janayati, adrṡṭvāpi na janayati, sarvasya phalasya hetorjanakatvaprasaṅgāt || 

atha kimidaṃ darśanaṃ kiṃ vā adarśanamiti ? ucyate | pratiddhametalloke-upa- 

labdhirdarśanamiti || 

nanu etad bījādiṡu nirindriyeṡu na saṃbhavati | saṃbhavatu mā vā | nāsmākamayaṃ 

paryanuyoga: kiṃ tarhi tasyotpādavādina: | tatra ya: utpādavādī brūyāt-drṡṭvā janayatīti, 

sa vaktavya:-na drṡṭametalloke yadbījādikaṃ paśyatīti | tasmādayuktā eṡā kalpanā | 

atha adrṡṭvā kalpayet, evamapi yatkiṃcidadrṡṭaṃ saṃbhavati tatsarvamutpādayet, na cotpādayati, 

tasmāt na adrṡṭvāpi janayati | aniṡṭāpattyā hi vayaṃ parakalpanāṃ vicārayāma: saṃsārāṭa- 

vīkāntāragiridarīprapātadu:khamālāsamākulāmā{1. ##T om.## saṃsārā... miva.} *** tāmīva | buddhipūrvakartrkaṃ ca 

puruṡādikāraṇino jagadabhyupagacchanto nirgranthāścaikendriyaṃ bījādikaṃ pratipannā: 

prasaṅgānna vyativartanta iti | tasmānnāsti doṡa: ||11|| 

kiṃ cānyat-yadi yuṡmadabhimataṃ heto: phalasya ca anyonyaḍhaukanalakṡaṇaṃ saṃgamanaṃ 

syāt, syāttadānīṃ tayorjanyajanakabhāva: | yasmāt na hi parasparāsaṃgatayorālokāndha- 

kārayo: saṃsāranirvāṇayorjanyajanakabhāvo drṡṭa iti | ata: avaśyaṃ hetuphalabhāvayorjanya- 

janakabhāvamicchatā pareṇa saṃgatirabhyupeyā | sā ca kālatraye'pi vicāryamāṇā na saṃbhavati | 

ato hetu: phalaṃ na janayati | yathā ca saṃgatirnāsti tathā pratipādayannāha-

nātītasya hyatītena phalasya saha hetunā | 

nājātena na jātena saṃgatirjātu vidyate ||12||

atītasya tāvat phalasya atītena hetunā saha jātu kadācidapi saṃgatirnāsti, 

atītatvenobhayorapyavidyamānatvāt | nāpi ajātena hetunā atītasya phalasya saṃgatirjātu 

vidyate, naṡṭājātatvena ubhayorapyavidyamānatvāt, bhinnakālatvācca | nāpi jātena varta- 

mānena hetunā saha atītasya phalasya saṃgati: saṃbhavati, bhinnakālatvāt, naṡṭasya ca 

phalasya avidyamānatvādvandhyāputreṇeva devadattasyetyabhiprāya: ||12|| 

yathā ca atītasya phalasya atītena anāgatavartamānena hetunā saha na kadācit 

saṃgatirasti, evaṃ vartamānasyāpi phalasya traikālikena hetunā saha nāsti saṃgatiriti tat 

pratipādayannāha- 

na jātasya hyajātena phalasya saha hetunā | 

nātītena na jātena saṃgatirjātu vidyate ||13|| 

@194

jātasya phalasya bhinnakālatvādajātena ca atītena ca hetunā saha saṃgamanaṃ 

nāsti | nāpi vartamānasya vartamānena hetunā saha saṃgatirasti, hetuphalayoryaugapadyābhāvāt,

tayośca saṃgativaiyarthyāt | kiṃ hi vidyamānayo: parasparanirapekṡayo: puna: saṃgatyā prayojana-

miti nāsti saṃgati: ||13||

idānīmanāgatasyāpi phalasya yathā atītānāgatapratyutpannena hetunā saha saṃgamanaṃ 

nāsti tathā pratipādayannāha- 

nājātasya hi jātena phalasya saha hetunā | 

nājātena na naṡṭena saṃgatirjātu vidyate ||14||

ajātaṃ hi phalamasaṃvidyamānam | tasya bhinnakālena vartamānena atītena ca hetunā 

saha nāsti saṃgamanaṃ bhinnakālatvāt | anāgatenāpi hetunā saha nāsti saṃgamanam, 

ubhayoravidyamānatvāt ||14||

yadā caivaṃ sarvathā hetuphalayo: saṃgatirnāsti, tadā- 

asatyāṃ saṃgatau hetu: kathaṃ janayate phalam | 

naiva hetu: phalaṃ janayati saṃgateravidyamānatvāt vandhyāputramivetyabhiprāya: ||

athāpi syāt-satyāmeva saṃgatau hetu: phalaṃ janayatīti, tadapi na yuktam, 

kālatraye'pi saṃgatyanupalabdhe: | athāpi kathaṃcid hetuphalayo: saṃgati: parikalpyate, 

evamapi- 

satyāṃ vā saṃgatau hetu: kathaṃ janayate phalam ||15|| 

saṃnihitasya phalasya punarjanmavaiyarthayāt, asaṃhitānāṃ ca saṃgaterayuktatvāt itya- 

bhiprāya: ||15|| 

kiṃ cānyat- 

hetu: phalena śūnyaścetkathaṃ janayate phalam |

hetu: phalenāśūnyaścetkathaṃ janayate phalam ||16|| 

yo'yaṃ phalasya hetu: phalasya janaka iṡyate, sa tena śūnyo vā bhavan phalamutpādayet, 

aśūnyo vā ? tatra hetu: śūnya: phalena rahita: phalaṃ na janayati, ahetuvat phalaśūnyatvāt | 

phalena aśūnyo'pi hetu: phalaṃ na janayati, vidyamānatvāt phalasya, vidyamānaputraṃ devadatta 

iva | evaṃ tāvat phalaśūnyo vā phalāśūnyo vā hetu: phalaṃ na janayati ||16|| 

yaccāpi phalamutpadyate, taccāpyaśūnyaṃ vā samutpadyate, śūnyaṃ vā ? tatra tāvat- 

phalaṃ notpatsyate'śūnyamaśūnyaṃ na nirotsyate | 

aniruddhamanutpannamaśūnyaṃ tadbhaviṡyati ||17|| 

@195

aśūnyaṃ hi phalamapratītyasamutpannaṃ svabhāvavyavasthitam, tadevaṃvidhaṃ phalaṃ 

naivotpatsyate svabhāvasyānapāyitvācca na nirotsyate | tataśca aśūnyaṃ tadiṡyamāṇa- 

maniruddhamanutpannaṃ ca syāt | na caitadiṡṭam, ityata: aśūnyaṃ tatphalaṃ na bhavati, utpāda- 

nirodhābhyupagamāt ||17|| 

idānīṃ śūnyamapi tatphalaṃ na saṃbhavati, anudayāvyayavattvaprasaṅgāt iti prati-

pādayannāha- 

kathamutpatsyate śūnyaṃ kathaṃ śūnyaṃ nirotsyate | 

śūnyamapyaniruddhaṃ tadanutpannaṃ prasajyate ||18|| 

tatra śūnyamucyate yatsvabhāvena nāsti | yacca vastu svabhāvena nāsti, tat katha- 

mutpatsyate, kathaṃ vā nirotsyate ? na hi svabhāvena avidyamānasya ākāśāde: udayavyayau 

drṡṭau | tasmācchūnyamapi tatphalamiṡyamāṇamaniruddhamanutpannaṃ ca prasajyate ||18|| 

kiṃ cānyat-yadi hetu: phalaṃ janayet, sa phalādavyatirikto vā janayet, vyati- 

rikto vā ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha- 

heto: phalasya caikatvaṃ na hi jātūpapadyate | 

heto: phalasya cānyatvaṃ na hi jātūpapadyate ||19|| 

tadetat pratijñāmātrakamiti{1. ##T## pratijñāmātramasti, kathaṃ sidhyatīti cet, pratipādanārthamāha ##for## pratijñāmātrakamiti 

pratipādayannāha.} pratipādayannāha- 

ekatve phalahetvo: syādaikyaṃ janakajanyayo: | 

prthaktve phalahetvo: syāttulyo heturahetunā ||20|| 

yadi heto: phalasya ca ekatvaṃ syāt, tadā janyajanakayorekatvamabhyupetaṃ syāt | 

na cānayorekatvam, pitāputrayoścakṡuścakṡurvijñānayorbījāṅkurayoścaikyaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ 

tāvad heto: phalasya ca ekatvaṃ nāsti || 

idānīmanyatvamapi nāsti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yadi heto: phalasya ca bhavanmatenā- 

bhimatamanyatvaṃ syāt, tadā paratra nirapekṡatvād hetunirapekṡameva phalaṃ syāt | na caitadevam, 

ityata: anyatvamapi heto: phalasya ca na saṃbhavati | yayośca evaṃ vicāryamāṇa- 

yostattvānyatve na sta:, tayorna kadācijjanyajanakabhāva: iṡyate | ato naiva hetu: phalaṃ 

janayati ||20|| 

kiṃ cānyat-yadi hetu: phalaṃ janayet, sa tatphalaṃ svabhāvena sadbhūtaṃ vā janayet,

asadbhūtaṃ vā ? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha- 

phalaṃ svabhāvasadbhūtaṃ kiṃ heturjanayiṡyati |
phalaṃ svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ kiṃ heturjanayiṡyati ||21|| 

@196

tatra yat phalaṃ svabhāvena sadbhūtaṃ svabhāvena vidyamānam, tanna punarjanyate vidya- 

mānatvāt, vidyamānaghaṭavat | yadapi svabhāvena asadbhūtaṃ phalam, tadapi heturna janayati, 

svabhāvena asadbhūtatvāt, kharaviṡāṇavat ||

pratibimbenānaikāntikateti cet, bhavatu anaikāntikatā, nai:svābhāvyaṃ tu siddhaṃ 

bhāvānām | tataśca sasvabhāvavādatyāga: syāt, asmadvādānuvarṇanameva syāt | sasva- 

bhāvaśca na kaścit padārtho nāma astīti pratidvandvyabhāvāt{1. ##Mss.## pratidvandvyabhāvābhāvānni:svabhāvo'pi svabhāvo nāsti ##Our text is based on T.##} ni:svabhāvo'pi padārtho 

nāstīti kuto'naikāntikatā ? na hi asmākaṃ pratibimbakaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ nāpi 

ni:svabhāvam, dharmiṇamantareṇa taddharmayorapyabhāvāt | na hi āryā: pratibimbakaṃ nāma 

kiṃcit ni:svabhāvaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ vā upalabhanta iti || 

tatra pūrvaṃ phalaṃ notpatsyate [20.17-18] ityādinā ślokadvayena sākṡādutpatti- 

kriyākartrtvaṃ phalasya niṡiddham | idānīṃ heto: phalotpattikriyāprayojakatvaṃ pratiṡiddhamiti | 

ayamasya pūrvakādviśeṡa iti vijñeyam ||21|| 

atrāha-yadyapi heto: phalotpattikriyāprayojakatvaṃ niṡiddham, tathāpi hetu- 

stāvat svabhāvato'sti, na ca asati phale hetorhetutvaṃ sidhyati, tasmāt phalamapi 

bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate-syāddhetu:, yadi ajanayato'sya hetutvaṃ syāt{2. ##Mss.## na syāt ##for## syāt ##which is confirmed by T.##} | 

na cājanayamānasya hetutvamupapadyate |

atha syāt-yadyapi evaṃ hetorhetutvaṃ nāsti, tathāpi phalaṃ tāvadasti | na ca 

hetumantareṇa phalaṃ yuktamiti phalasadbhāvād heturapi bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate | yadā aja- 

nayamānasya hetorhetutvaṃ nāstītyuktam, tadā- 

hetutvānupapattau ca phalaṃ kasya bhaviṡyati ||22|| 

iti | tasmāt phalamapi nāstīti ||22||

atrāha-naiva hi kevalasya heto: phalotpattikriyāyā: prayojakatvam, kiṃ tarhi 

hetupratyayasāmagryā phalaṃ janyate iti | ucyate | uktadoṡatvāt na yuktametat | api ca, 

iya hetupratyayasāmagrī yadi phalasya janiketi kalpyate, kiṃ sā svayameva tāvadātmānaṃ 

janayati, utāho na ? yadi janayatīti kalpyate, tanna yujyate | na hi alabdhātma- 

bhāvasya prayojakatvaṃ drṡṭamityata: sāmagnyā avaśyaṃ labdhātmabhāvayā bhavitavyam | na ca 

labdhātmabhāvāyā: puna: svātmotpāde prayojakatvaṃ yuktam, ityata: na sāmagrī svātmāna- 

mutpādayati | yā ca ātmānaṃ notpādayati, sā kathaṃ phalamutpādayituṃ śaknotīti 

pratipādayannāha- 

@197

na ca pratyayahetūnāmiyamātmānamātmanā | 

yā sāmagrī janayate sā kathaṃ janayetphalam ||23|| 

pratyayānāṃ hetūnāṃ ca yeyaṃ sāmagrī sā tāvadātmanaiva ātmānaṃ notpādayati, 

svātmani vrttivirodhāt, satyā: punarutpādavaiyarthyācca | yā ca evamātmānameva tāvanna

janayati, sā kathaṃ phalaṃ janayiṡyati ? na hi vandhyāduhitā ātmānaṃ janayitumaśaktā 

satī putraṃ janayiṡyatīti yujyate | evaṃ sāmagryapi svātmājanikā phalaṃ janayatīti 

na yujyate ||23||

tasmāt- 

na sāmagrīkrtaṃ phalaṃ 

athāpi syāt-yadi sāmagrīkrtaṃ phalaṃ na saṃbhavati, evaṃ tarhi asāmagrīkrtaṃ 

bhaviṡyatīti cet, ucyate- 

nāsāmagrīkrtaṃ phalam | 

yadā sāmagrīkrtaṃ phalaṃ na saṃbhavati, tadā kathamatyantaviruddhamasāmagrīkrtaṃ 

bhaviṡyati ? asāmagrīkrtaṃ phalaṃ na saṃbhavati || 

atha syāt-yadyapi nāsti phalaṃ svabhāvata:, tathāpi hetupratyayasāmagrī

tāvadasti | na ca phalamantareṇa hetupratyayasāmagrī saṃbhavatīti phalamapi saṃbhaviṡyatīti | 

ucyate | syāddhetupratyayasāmagrī, yadi phalameva bhavet | yadā tu yathoditena nyāyena 

phalameva nāsti, tadā- 

asti pratyayasāmagrī kuta eva phalaṃ vinā ||24||

phalābhāve sati nirhetukā hetupratyayasāmagrī api nāstītyabhiprāya: | uktaṃ hi 

āryalalitavistarasūtre- 

kaṇṭhoṡṭha pratītya tālukaṃ 

jihvaparivarti ravanti akṡarā: | 

na ca kaṇṭhagatā na tāluke 

akṡaraikaikaśa{1. ##P## akṡaraikaika ca ##for## akṡaraikaikaśa.} nopalabhyate || 

sāmagri pratītyaśca sā 

vāca manabuddhivaśena niścarī | 

mana vāca adrśyarūpiṇī 

bāhyato'bhyantari nopalabhyate || 

@198

utpādavyayaṃ vipaśyato 

vācarutaghoṡasvarasya paṇḍita: | 

kṡaṇikāṃ vaśikāṃ tadā drśī

sarva vāca pratiśrutakopamā || 

[ lalitavistāra-13.111-113] 

tathā āryopālipariprcchāyāmuktaṃ bhagavatā- 

iha śāsani sūramaṇīye 


pravrajathā grhiliṅga jahitvā | 

phalavantu bhaviṡyatha śreṡṭhā 

eṡu nideśitu kāruṇikena || 

pravrajitva grhiliṅga jahitvā 

sarvaphalasya bhaviṡyati prāpti: | 

puna dharmasabhāva tulitvā 

sarvaphalāna phalāna ca prāpti: || 

alabhanta phalaṃ tatha prāptiṃ

āścariyaṃ puna jāyati teṡām | 

aho'tikāruṇiko narasiṃho 

suṡṭhupadeśita yukti jinena || iti |

tathā āryaprajñāpāramitāyāmaṡṭasāhasrikāyām-

tena hi kauśika bodhisattvena mahāsattvena mahāsaṃnāhasaṃnaddhena na rūpe sthātavyaṃ na 

vedanāyāṃ na saṃjñāyāṃ na saṃskāreṡu na vijñāne sthātavyam | na srotaāpattiphale na

sakrdāgāmiphale na anāgāmiphale na arhattve na pratyekabuddhatve na samyaksaṃbuddhatve 

sthātavyam || iti || 

[ aṡṭasāhasrikā-34] 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau

sāmagrīparīkṡā nāma viṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@199

21

saṃbhavavibhavaparīkṡā ekaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva svabhāvata: kāla:, saṃbhavavibhavanimittatvāt | iha kaṃcit 

kālaviśeṡamapekṡya aṅkurotpatti:{1. ##T## aṅkurādīnāmutpattirutpādo ##for## aṅkurotpatti: bhāvanāmutpādo.}bhāvānāmutpādo bhavati, kaṃcitkālaviśeṡamapekṡya

vibhavo vināśo bhavati, na sarvadā, vidyamānāyāmapi hetupratyayasāmagryām-ityato 

vidyata eva kāla:, saṃbhavavibhavanimittattvāt | ucyate | syāt saṃbhavavibhavanimittatā

kālasya yadi saṃbhavavibhavāveva syātām | na tu sta: | yathā ca na sta:, tathā prati- 

pādayannāha- 

vinā vā saha vā nāsti vibhava: saṃbhavena vai | 

vinā vā saha vā nāsti saṃbhavo vibhavena vai ||1|| 

iha yadi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau anyonyaṃ sahabhāvena vā syātām, vinā- 

bhāvena vā | ubhayathā ca vicāryamāṇau na saṃbhavata: | kathaṃ krtvā ? tatra tāvad yathā

vinā saṃbhavena utpādena vibhavo vināśo nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

bhaviṡyati kathaṃ nāma vibhava: saṃbhavaṃ vinā | 

vinaiva janma maraṇaṃ vibhavo nodbhavaṃ vinā ||22|| 

saṃbhavaṃ vinā kathaṃ nāma vibhavo vināśo bhaviṡyati ? kathaṃ nāmetyanena prasiddha-

matyantāsaṃbhavaṃ darśayati | kathaṃ nāma bhaviṡyati, naiva etatsaṃbhavatītyabhiprāya: | yadi 

punarvinaiva saṃbhavaṃ vibhava: syāt, ko doṡa: syāt ? ucyate | vinaiva janma maraṇa syāt,

ajātasya maraṇaṃ syāt | na ca ajātasya maraṇaṃ drṡṭamiti | tasmādvibhavo nodbhavaṃ vinā 

bhavitumarhati | ādyenātra ślokasyārdhena pratijñā, madhyena pādena prasaṅgāpādanam, antyena

nigamanamiti vijñeyam ||2||

evaṃ tāvadvinā saṃbhavena vibhavo na yukta: iti pratipādya idānīṃ saha saṃbhavenāpi

vibhavo na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

saṃbhavenaiva vibhava: kathaṃ saha bhaviṡyati | 

na janmamaraṇaṃ caivaṃ tulyakālaṃ hi vidyate ||3||

yadi hi saṃbhavena saha yugapat tulyakālaṃ vibhava: syāt, evaṃ sati janmamaraṇe 

yugapat syātām | na caivaṃ parasparaviruddhe ālokāndhakāravadekasmin kāle vidyete iti | 

tasmāt sahāpi saṃbhavena vibhavasya nāsti siddhiriti sthitam ||3|| 

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yadā caivaṃ saṃbhavena vinā vā saha vā vibhavasya nāsti siddhi:, evaṃ saṃbhavasyāpi 

vinā vā saha vā vibhavena nāsti siddhiriti pratipādayannāha- 

bhaviṡyati kathaṃ nāma saṃbhavo vibhavaṃ vinā | 

anityatā hi bhāveṡu na kadācinna vidyate ||4|| 

naiva hi saṃbhavo vibhavena vinā yujyate | yasmādanityatā hi bhāveṡu bhavanadharmakeṡu

utpādadharmakeṡu na kadācinna vidyate, kiṃ tarhi sarvadaiva vidyate | uktaṃ hi-

jarāmaraṇadharmeṡu sarvabhāveṡu sarvadā | 

tiṡṭhanti katame bhāvā ye jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā || iti |

[ma^ śā^-7.24] 

yadā caivaṃ nityamanityatānugatā: sarve bhāvā:, tadā kuta: sā kācidavasthā yā 

vināśarahitā syāditi ? ato nāsti vibhavena vinā utpāda iti | evaṃ tāvadvinā 

vibhavena nāsti saṃbhava: | śeṡamatra saṃskrtaparīkṡāyāṃ vicāritatvānna vicāryate || 

yastu sahetuko vināśa:, saṃskrtalakṡaṇatvāt, utpādavat, iti sādhanamutkṡipya 

antyacittacaittakṡaṇairanaikāntikatāmāha, san a yuktamāha, tadvināśasyāpi jātipratyayatvena 

sahetukatvāt sādhyasamatvācca anaikāntikatābhāvāt | yadapi nirdiṡṭam-bhāvātmabhāva

eva abhūtvā bhāvādutpāda ucyate, tasmād dravyasadutpādasiddhervyavahārato{1 ##T## dravyasatāmutpādasiddhe: ##for## dravyasadutpādasiddhe:.} drṡṭāntabhāva 

iti, tadapi na yuktam, adravyasatāṃ pratibimbādīnāṃ sahetukatvābhyupagamāt | yathokta-

mācāryapādai:-

hetuta: saṃbhavo yeṡāṃ tadabhāvānna santi ye | 

kathaṃ nāma n ate spaṡṭaṃ pratibimbasamā matā: || iti | 

asmādā[gamāt]kuto vyavahārato drṡṭāntāsiddhi: ? yadi ca bhāvāt, yat 

tattvānyatvena na śakyate vaktum, tat saṃvrtyāpi nāstītyucyate | nīlādikamapi nāstī- 

tyucyate{2. ##T## ucyatām ##for## ucyate.} | yathoktaṃ ratnāvalyām- 

rūpasyābhāvamātratvādākāśaṃ nāmamātrakam | 

bhūtairvinā kuto rūpaṃ nāmamātrakamapyata: || iti || 

api ca | kuto mādhyamikānāṃ svabhāvarūpaṃ siddhasattākaṃ yasya avasthāviśeṡa 

utpāda: syāt ? ata: ayuktameva drṡṭāntāsiddhatodbhāvanam | yaccoktam-na sahetuko 

vināśa:, avināśavattvāt, yathā asaṃskrtamiti, tasyaivaṃ bruvato mahāntaṃ virodhamayaṃ 

heturābhavati{3. ##P## āpatati ##for## ābhavati ##against Mss.##} | yathā hi ayaṃ heturvināśasya nirhetukatvaṃ sādhayati, evaṃ saṃskrtalakṡaṇatvā- 

@201

bhāvamapi sādhayati | tathā saṃskāraskandhasaṃgrahapratītyasamutpādāṅgasaṃgrahādikamapi sarvaṃ

virodhayatīti na yuktametanmatam | tathā | na vijñānaṃ viṡayasvarūpacchedakam, avijñāna- 

vattvāt, asaṃskrtavat, ityādinā sarvaniṡedhānmahatī aniṡṭāpattirupapadyate’sya, iti 

nāstheyametat ||4|| 

idānīṃ vibhavena saha yathā saṃbhavasya nāsti siddhi:, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

saṃbhavo vibhavenaiva kathaṃ saha bhaviṡyati | 

na janmamaraṇaṃ caiva tulyakālaṃ hi vidyate ||5|| 

yadi hi saṃbhavo vibhavenaiva saha syāt, tadā janmamaraṇayostulyakālatā syāt | 

na ca [sā] saṃbhavati | tasmāt sahabhāvenāpi saṃbhavavibhavayornāsti siddhi: ||5|| 

atha syāt-yadyapi janmamaraṇayorekībhāvena vā nānābhāvena vā nāsti siddhi:, 

tathāpi vidyete eva saṃbhavavibhavau, vācyatvāt, vijñānavat iti | ucyate | yadi 

vācyatvena anayo: siddhiriṡyate, vandhyāputrasyāpi iṡyatām || 

api ca- 

sahānyonyena vā siddhirvinānyonyena vā yayo: | 

na vidyate, tayo: siddhi: kathaṃ nu khalu vidyate ||6|| 

sahabhāvāsahabhāvarahitaṃ nāsti pakṡāntaraṃ yata: saṃbhavavibhavayo: siddhi: syāt | 

avācyatayā siddhirbhaviṡyatīti cet, keyamavācyatā nāma ? yadi miśrībhāva:, so’nu- 

papanna:, prthakprthagasiddhayormiśrībhāvābhāvāt | anirdhāryamāṇau{1. ##Mss.## anirdhāryamāṇo ##for## ^māṇau.} svarūpatvāt vandhyāputra- 

śyāmagauratādivanna sta: eva saṃbhavavibhavāviti | yadā caivaṃ saṃbhavavibhavau na sta:, tadā 

taddheturapi kālo nāstīti siddham ||6|| 

kiṃ cānyat-ihemau saṃbhavavibhavau parikalpyamānau kṡayadharmiṇo vā bhāvasya 

parikalpyeyātāmakṡayadharmiṇo vā ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha—

kṡayasya saṃbhavo nāsti nākṡayasyāpi saṃbhava: | 

kṡayasya vibhavo nāsti vibhavo nākṡayasya ca ||7|| 

tatra kṡayasya kṡayalakṡaṇasya bhāvasya virodhidharmasadbhāvāt saṃbhavo na yukta: | 

akṡayasyāpi bhāvalakṡaṇaviyuktatvāt kharaviṡāṇasyeva saṃbhavo na yukta: | evaṃ kṡayasya 

vibhavo nāsti | kṡayadharmo{2. ##Mss.## nākṡaya^ ##for## kṡaya^.} hi avidyamāna:, tasya nirāśrayo vibhavo na yukta: | tathā 

vibhavo nākṡayasya ca | akṡayadharmo hi bhāvābhāvalakṡaṇavilakṡaṇa: | tasya avidyamānasya 

kuto vibhavo bhaviṡyati ? yau ca saṃbhavavibhavau na kṡayadharmiṇo nākṡayadharmiṇo bhāvasya 

saṃbhavata:, tau na saṃbhavata: | iti na sta: saṃbhavavibhavau ||7|| 

@202

atrāha-vidyete eva bhāvānāṃ saṃbhavavibhavau, tadāśrayidharmisadbhāvāt | iha 

bhāvāśrayau saṃbhavavibhavau, sa ca tāvad bhāvo’sti, tatsadbhāvāt tadāśritāvapi dharmau 

bhaviṡyata: iti | ucyate | syātāṃ bhāvāśritāvetau dharmau, yadi bhāva: syāt | yadā tu 

bhāvo nāsti, tadā- 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva vinā bhāvaṃ na vidyate | 

kasmātpunarbhāvo nāstīti cet, yasmāt- 

saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ caiva vinā bhāvo na vidyate ||8|| 

bhāvasya hi lakṡaṇabhūtau saṃbhavavibhavau, tau ca svarūpato na sta: iti pratiṡiddhau | 

yadā ca tau bhāvata: pratiṡiddhau, tadā bhāvalakṡaṇaṃ saṃbhavaṃ ca vinā kuto bhāvalakṡaṇa- 

vilakṡaṇo bhāvo bhaviṡyati ? bhāvaṃ ca vinā na sta: saṃbhavavibhavau || 

apare tu pūrvārdhaṃ paścimaṃ krtvā vyācakṡate | sta: eva saṃbhavavibhavau, bhāvadharmatvāt {1. ##Mss.## bhāvadharmitvāt ##for## ^dharmatvāt ##which is confirmed by T.##}

iha yannāsti, na tasyāsti bhāvadharmatvam, tadyathā maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇe: | bhāvadharmau ca 

saṃbhavavibhavau, tasmāt sta: eva tau iti | yadi{2. ##T reads## tatrocyate ##before## yadi.}kasyacit paramārthata: saṃbhavavibhavau 

syātām, sa bhāva iti yuktaṃ syādabhidhātum | tau ca na sta:, iti | 

saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ caiva vinā bhāvo na vidyate | 

bhāvasya saṃbhavavibhavasattve vidyamānatvāt, iti bhāva: | tadasattve ca hetora- 

siddhārthatā | tathā- 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva vinā bhāvaṃ na vidyate || 

āśrayasyābhāvādāśritasya asiddhi: ityabhisaṃdhiriti ||8|| 

kiṃ cānyat-ihemau saṃbhavavibhavau parikalpamānau śūnyasya vā bhāvasya parikalpye- 

yātāmaśūnyasya vā | ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha- 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva na śūnyasyopapadyate | 

avidyamānāśrayatvādākāśacitravadityabhiprāya: | tathā- 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva nāśūnyasyopapadyate ||9|| 

aśūnyasya asattvāt nirāśrayau saṃbhavavibhavau nopapadyata: ||9|| 

kiṃ cānyat-iha yadi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau ekatvena vā syātāmanyatvena 

vā ? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha- 

@203

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva naika ityupapadyate | 

parasparaviruddhayorālokāndhakārayorivaikatvānupapatte: | 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva na nānetyupapadyate ||10|| 

ubhayo: parasparamavyabhicāritvāt | na hi saṃbhavarahitasya vināśa:, na vibhava- 

rahitasya saṃbhavo drṡṭa iti | evamubhayo: parasparamavyabhicāritvāt | 

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva na nānetyupapadyate || 

atha syāt-kimanayā sūkṡmekṡikayā ? āgopālāṅganādiko hi jana: yasmāt 

saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ ca paśyati, tasmāt sta: saṃbhavavibhavau | na hi avidyamāno vandhyātanaya: 

śakyo draṡṭumiti | evamapi- 

drśyate saṃbhavaścaiva vibhavaścaiva te bhavet | 

ucyate | anaikāntikametat | na hi yad yad lokenopalabhyate tasya tasya 

astitvam | tathā hi āgopālāṅganādiko jano gandharvanagaramāyāsvapnālātacakra- 

marīcikāsalilādikamavidyamānamapi paśyati indriyopaghātāt,{1. ##T seems to enlarge the text after## indriyopaghātāt.} evamimāvapi saṃbhava- 

vibhavau asantau mohādeva paśyatītyāha- 

drśyate saṃbhavaścaiva mohādvibhava eva ca ||11|| 

atha kasmāt punaretadevaṃ niścīyate-avidyamānasvarūpāvimau saṃbhavavibhavau 

mohādeva vāralokena drśyete iti | yuktyā hyetadevaṃ niścīyate | kā punaratra yukti: ? 

iha yadi kaścid bhāvo nāma bhavet, niyataṃ sa bhāvādvā jāyeta abhāvādvā | tathā yadi 

abhāvo nāma kaścit, so’pi bhāvādvā jāyeta abhāvādvā | ubhayathā ca ubhayorapya- 

saṃbhava: ityāha—

na bhāvājjāyate bhāvo bhāvo’bhāvānna jāyate | 

nābhāvājjāyate’bhāvo’bhāvo bhāvānna jāyate ||12|| 

bhāvāt tāvat saṃbhavākhyād bhāvasya saṃbhavākhyasya utpādo na vidyate, kārya- 

kāraṇayoryaugapadyābhāvāt, utpādasya ca labdhajanmana: punarutpādavaiyarthyāt | abhāvādapi 

bhāvo na jāyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? abhāvo hi nāma vibhavo vināśa: | sa ca 

bhāvaviruddha: | tasmādbhāvaviruddhāt kathaṃ bhāva: syāt ? yadi syāt, tadā vandhyā- 

duhiturapi putra: syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmādabhāvādapi bhāvo na bhavati | idānīma- 

bhāvo’pyabhāvānna bhavati | bhāvanivrttirūpo hi abhāva:, tat kuto’sya kāryakāraṇa- 

sāmarthyam ? yadi syāt, nirvāṇasyāpi kāryakāraṇasāmarthyaṃ syāt | yadi ca abhāvāda- 

@204

bhāva: syāt, tadā vandhyāduhiturapi putra: syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmādabhāvādapya- 

bhāvo na bhavati | idānīṃ bhāvādapyabhāvo na bhavati | bhāvaviruddho hyabhāva: | sa kathaṃ 

bhāvādbhavet ? yadi bhavet, pradīpādandhakāra: syāt | yataścaivaṃ vicāryamāṇau saṃbhava- 

vibhavau na sta:, tasmānmohādeva lokena drśyete iti vijñeyam || 

atha vā | ayamanya: pūrvapakṡa:-iha hi yahi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau bhāvāśrayau 

vā syātāmabhāvāśrayau vā | tau ca bhāvābhāvau sarvathā vicāryamāṇau na saṃbhavata: | 

tataśca kuto nirāśrayau saṃbhavavibhavāviti ? ata:-

drśyate saṃbhavaścaiva mohādvibhava eva ca | 

iti vijñeyam | yathā ca bhāvābhāvau na saṃbhavata:, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

na bhāvājjāyate bhāvo bhāvo’bhāvānna jāyate | 

nābhāvājjāyate’bhāvo'bhāvo bhāvānna jāyate || 

asyārtha: pūrvavat ||12|| 

api ca | yadi kaścid bhāvo nāma syāt, tasya udayavyayavattvāt saṃbhavavibhavau 

syātām | na ca kaścid bhāva: svarūpato’sti kharaviṡāṇavat svabhāvānutpannatvāt | 

anutpannatvamasiddhamiti cet, tat,siddham, yasmāt- 

na svato jāyate bhāva: parato naiva jāyate | 

na svata: parataścaiva jāyate, jāyate kuta: ||13||

 etacca ādya eva prakaraṇe vyākhyātatvānna punarvyākhyāyate | yaścaivaṃ yathokta- 

prakāreṇa jāyate idānīṃ kuto jāyate ? naiva kutaścijjāyate ityabhiprāya: | avaśyaṃ 

caitadevamabhyupeyam-sarvathā nāsti bhāvasyotpāda iti ||13|| 

bhāvasadbhāvatābhyupagame{1. ##T## anyathā ##for## bhāva:..tyāha.} ca bhavata: śāśvatocchedadarśanamāpadyate bauddhamatānugasye- 

tyāha{2. ##P## bauddhamatānugatyetyāha ##for## bauddhamatānugasyetyāha.}- 

bhāvamabhyupapannasya śāśvatocchedadarśanam | 

prasajyate 

yasmāt, 

sa bhāvo hi nityo’nityo’tha vā bhavet ||14|| 

yo hi yathoditapadārthavyavasthāmatikramya bhāvasadbhāvadarśanamabhyupaiti, tasya avaśyaṃ 

pravacanātyantaviruddhaṃ śāśvatocchedadarśanadvayamāpadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt sa bhāva: 

@205

parikalpyamāna: nityo vā bhavedanityo vā | yadi nitya:, tadā niyataṃ śāśvatavāda: | atha 

anitya:, tadā niyatamuccheda iti ||14|| 

atrāha- 

bhāvamabhyupapannasya naivocchedo na śāśvatam | 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt- 

udayavyayasaṃtāna: phalahetvorbhava: sa hi ||15|| 

yo hi hetuphalayorudayavyayānuprabandha:, sa hi asmākaṃ bhava: saṃsāra: | tatra yadi 
heturnirudhyeta, taddhetukaṃ phalaṃ notpadyeta, tadā syāducchedavādadoṡa:{1. ##T## syāduccheda: ##for## syāducchedavādadoṡa:.} | yadi ca heturna nirudhyeta, 
svarūpeṇāvatiṡṭhet, tadā {2. ##T## syācchāśvatadarśanaṃ ##for## syācchāśvata-

vādadarśanadoṡa:.}syācchāśvatavādadarśanadoṡa: | na caitadevamiti | tasmāt 

bhāvābhyupagame’pi nāsti śāśvatocchedadarśanadoṡadvayaprasaṅga:{3. ##T om.## ^doṡadvaya^.} | sa eva saṃsāra: yo’yaṃ 

hetuphalāvicchinnakramavartī utpādavyayānuprabandha: saṃskārāṇāmiti | ato nāsti 

asmākamayaṃ doṡa iti ||15|| 

ucyate- 

udayavyayasaṃtāna: phalahetvorbhava: sa cet |

nanu evamapi- 

vyayasyāpunarutpatterhetūccheda: prasajyate ||16|| 

yo hi hetukṡaṇa: phalasyotpattau hetubhāvamupetya nirudhyate, nanu tasya vyayavato 

hetukṡaṇasya punaranutpādāducchedadarśanamāpadyate | tavāyaṃ kathaṃ na doṡa iti cet, bhāvamabhyu- 

papannasya ayaṃ doṡa: | na ca mayā bhāvo’bhyupagata:, svabhāvānutpannatvāt sarvadharmāṇām | 

yatrāpi mayā- 

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | 

na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchedo nāpi śāśvatam || 

[ ma^ śā^-18.10 ] 

ityuktam, tatrāpi amunā nyāyena nai:svābhāvyameva bhāvānāṃ pratipāditam | anyathā hi 

sati bhāvasvarūpe bījāṅkurayo: kathamanyatvaṃ na syāt ? tasmānnāyaṃ prasaṅgo’smākaṃ 

bādhaka iti ||16|| 

evaṃ tāvad bhāvamabhyupapannasya heto: punaranutpādāducchedadarśanaprasaṅgamudbhāvya 

idānīṃ śāśvatavāde{4. ##T## śāsvatadoṡa^ ##for## śāsvatavāde doṡa^.} doṡaprasaṅgamudbhāvayannāha- 

@206

sadbhāvasya svabhāvena nāsadbhāvaśca yujyate | 

yadi hi heto: sadbhāva: svabhāvata: syāt, paścādasadbhāvo na syāt svabhāvasyā- 

napāyitvāt{1. ##T om.## svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt.} | tataśca śāśvatadarśanaprasaṅga: tadavastha eva || 

kiṃ cānyat- 

nirvāṇakāle coccheda: praśamādbhavasaṃtate: ||17|| 

yadyapi hetuphalayorudayavyayasaṃtānapravrttyā śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅga: parihriyate, 

tathāpi yatrāsya saṃtānasya punarapyapravrtti:, tatra nirvāṇe niyatamucchedadarśanamāpadyate | 

ucchedadarśanaṃ ca prahātavyamityuktaṃ bhagavatā | evaṃvidhamucchedadarśanaṃ na bhaviṡyatīti cet, 

anyadapi kimarthaṃ bhavatāṃ bhaviṡyatīti bhāvavicchedālambanatvāt, nirvāṇakāle bhāva- 

vicchedālambanavadityabhiprāya: || 

yaccoktam- 

udayavyayasaṃtāna: phalahetvorbhava: sa hi | 

iti, tadapi nopapadyate | kathaṃ krtvā ? iha hi caramo bhavo nivrttilakṡaṇa:{2. ##Mss.## gativrttilakṡaṇa: ##for## nivrtti^ ##which is confirmed by T.##}

prathamo gatipratisaṃdhilakṡaṇa: |tatra caramo bhavo nirudhyamāno hetutvenāvatiṡṭhate | upapatti- 

lakṡaṇastu prathamo bhava: phalarūpatvena vyavatiṡṭhate | anayośca bhavayo: saṃsāra iti saṃjñā 

krtā ||17|| 

atra ca idaṃ vicāryate—ya eṡa prathamo bhava: phalarūpatvena vyavasthāpyate, sa kiṃ 

carame bhave niruddhe upajāyate, athāniruddhe, uta nirudhyamāne, yato hetuphalānuprabandhāt 

saṃsāra: syāt ? sarvathā ca vicāryamāṇo na saṃbhavatīti pratipādayannāha- 

carame na niruddhe ca prathamo yujyate bhava: | 

carame nāniruddhe ca prathamo yujyate bhava: ||18|| 

tatra yadi carame bhave niruddhe prathamo bhavo jāyate iti parikalpyate, tadā 

nirhetuka: syāt | dahanadagdhabojādapi aṅkurodaya: syāt | na caitadiṡṭam | tasmāccarame 

niruddhe prathamo bhavo na yujyate || 

idānīmaniruddhe’pi carame bhave prathamo bhavo na yujyate | yadi syāt, nirhetuka: 

syāt, dvirūpatā ca ekasya sattvasya syāt, apūrvasattvaprādurbhāvaśca, pūrvasya ca nityatā 

syāt, avinaṡṭe ca bīje aṅkurodaya: syāt | na caitadevamiṡṭamiti | ata:- 

carame nāniruddhe ca prathamo yujyate bhava: | 

iti sthitam ||18|| 

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idānīṃ nirudhyamāne’pi carame bhave prathamo bhavo yathā nopapadyate tathā prati-

pādayannāha- 

nirudhyamāne carame prathamo yadi jāyate | 

nirudhyamāna eka: syājjāyamāno’paro bhavet ||19|| 

tatra nirudhyamāno vartamāno vartamānapratyayāntavācyatvāt, jāyate ityapi vartamāna 

evocyate vartamānaśabdavācyatvāt | atha vā nirudhyamāno nirodhakriyākāraka: | yaścāpi 

jāyate, asāvapi janikriyākāraka:, tau ca ekakālaviṡyamāṇau yaugapadyenaiva sta: | 

tataśca nirudhyamāna: eko bhava: syāt, jāyamānaścāpara iti yaugapadyenaiva dvau bhavau 

prāpnuta: | na caikasya yugapad dvau bhavau saṃbhavata: ityayuktametat ||19|| 

tadevaṃ yathoktena vicārakrameṇa- 

na cennirudhyamānaśca jāyamānaśca yujyate | 

sārdhaṃ ca mriyate yeṡu teṡu skandheṡu jāyate ||20|| 

caśabda: samuccayārtha: | prthakprthak ceti etatsaṃnidhāpayati | yadā evaṃ yathodita- 

nyāyena niruddhe carame prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, aniruddhe’pi carame prathamo bhavo na saṃbha- 

vati, sārdhaṃ caikasmiṃśca kāle caramena bhavena saha prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, tat kimidānīṃ 

yeṡu eva skandheṡu mriyate teṡu eva jāyate iti syāt | yeṡu skandheṡu sthito mriyate, 

teṡveva jāyate iti atyantaviruddhametat | na hi mriyamāṇo jāyate iti drṡṭam ||20|| 

tat- 

evaṃ triṡvapi kāleṡu na yuktā

bhavadabhimatā 

bhavasaṃtati: |

carame bhave niruddhe’niruddhe nirudhyamāne yasmāt prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, tasmāt 

triṡvapi kāleṡu bhavasaṃtatirnāsti | 

triṡu kāleṡu yā nāsti sā kathaṃ bhavasaṃtati: ||21|| 

yā ca idānīṃ triṡu kāleṡu nāsti, kuta: sā anyenātmanā bhaviṡyatīti sarvathā 

nāsti bhavanmatā bhavasaṃtati: | tataśca yaduktam- 

udayavyayasaṃtāna: phalahetvorbhava: sa hi | 

iti, tanna yuktam | tataśca bhāvābhyupagame sati sa eva śāśvatocchedavādaprasaṅgo durnivāro 

@208

bhavatām, ityato nāstyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvata utpattiriti siddham | yathoktamārya- 
samādhirājabhaṭṭārake{1. ##The Mss. reproduce here the stanzas already appearing at the end of chapter II (Pages 46-47), which we have omitted here as they are omitted in T.##}–

* * * * 

tathā{2. ##T om. these two stanzas.##}—

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro 

na ca yo bīju sa caiva aṅkuro | 

na ca anyu tato na caiva ta- 

devamanuccheda aśāśvata dharmatā || 

mudrātpratimudra drśyate 

mudrasaṃkrānti na copalabhyate | 

na ca tatra na caiva sānyato 

evaṃ saṃskāra anucchedaśāśvatā: || 

[lalitavistara-13.102,104] 

ata evoktamāryanāgārjunapādai:{3. ##The source of this stanza is not known. It is also omitted in T here as well as in Chapter xxvi.##}—

svādhyāyadīpamudrādarpaṇadhoṡārkakāntabījāmrai: | 

skandhapratisaṃdhirasaṃkramaśca vidvadbhiravadhāryau || iti | 

tathā bhagavān- 

jāyate cyavate cāpi na ca jātirna ca cyuti: | 

yasya vijānata eṡa samādhirnāsya durlabha: || iti |

tathā- 

sūsukhitā sad ate nara loke 

yehi acintiya jñātimi dharmā: | 

na ca dharma adharma vikalpo 

cittapapañca vibhāvita sarvi || 

@209

bhāva abhāva vibhāvayi jñānaṃ 

sarvamacintayi sarvamabhūtam | 

ye puna cittavaśānuga bālā- 

ste dukhitā bhavakoṭiśateṡu || 

yo’pi ca cintayi śūnyakadharmān 

so’pi kumārgapapannaku bāla: | 

akṡara kīrtita śūnyaka dharmā- 

ste ca anakṡara akṡara uktā: || 

śānta paśānta ya cintayi dharmān 

so’pi ca cittu na jātu na bhūta: | 

cittavitarkaṇa sarvi papañcā: 

sūkṡma acintiya budhyatha dharmān || 

iti ||21|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

saṃbhavavibhavaparīkṡā nāma ekaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@210

22

tathāgataparīkṡā dvāviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhavasaṃtati:, tathāgatasadbhāvāt | iha hi bhagavatā {1. ##T om. from## mahā^ ##upto## ^manasā.}mahā- 

karuṇopāyaprajñādvayadhāriṇā{2. ##Mss.## ^vāriṇā ##for## ^dhāriṇā.} sakalatraidhātukāśeṡasattvajātyādidu:khavyupaśamaikamanasā tribhi: 

kalpāsaṃkhyeyai: saptabhirvā nairantaryakrameṇodyacchatā taistairniratiśayairativicitrai: puṇyakriyā- 

prārambhai: sakalajagaddhitodayaikakriyālakṡaṇai: priyaikaputrādapyadhikataraniravaśeṡajagadanugraha-

tatpareṇa mahākaruṇāparavaśena tatratatropapattyāyatane kṡitisalilajvalanapavanasādhāraṇa- 

bhaiṡajyamahāmahīruhavajjanānāṃ svecchāta{3. ##Mss.## svecchatopabhogya^ ##for## svecchāta upabhogya^.} upabhogyatāmātmānamupagamayatā mahākālena {4. ##Mss.## mahākāreṇa ##for## mahākālena ##which is based on T.##} 

sārvajñaṃ sarvākāraparicchedi padamadhigatam | sa evamadhigatasarvajñajñāno bhagavān yathā 

dharmāṇāṃ tattvaṃ vyavasthitaṃ tathaiva aśeṡato gatatvād buddhatvāt tathāgata ityucyate | yadi{5. ##P## yadyapi ##for## yadi.} 

bhavasaṃtatirna syāt, tadā tathāgato’pi na syāt | na hi ekena janmanā śakyaṃ tathāgatatva- 

manuprāptum | tasmādvidyata eva bhavasaṃtati:, tathāgatasadbhāvāditi | ucyate | bhavadīyameva 

hi idamatimahadajñānaṃ bhavasaṃtānasya avicchedavartitāṃ ca atidīrghakālaṃ{6. ##P suggests that we should read## kālavartitāṃ.} ca gamayati, 

yasya nāma bhavata: atimahadajñānaghanāndhakārameva vicitrairupapattiśaraccandrajñānālokairvidhva- 

syamānamapi aticiratarakālābhyāsavāsanāvistarābhivrddhamadyāpi na vidhvasyate na 

nivartate | yadi hi tathāgato nāma kaścit syāt svabhāvata:, tadā tasya mahatā kālenā- 

bhiniṡpatterbhavasaṃtati: syāt | na ca tathāgato nāma kaścid bhāvasvabhāvata upalabhyate | 

kevalaṃ tu bhavānavidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā dbicandrakeśamaśakādivanmithyā tathāgataṃ 

nāma svabhāvata upalabhate | yathā ca tathāgato nāsti svabhāvata:, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

skandhā na nānya: skandhebhyo nāsmin skandhā na teṡu sa: | 

tathāgata: skandhavānna katamo’tra tathāgata: ||1|| 

yadi hi tathāgato nāma kaścit padārtho’malo{7. ##T om.## amalo niṡprapañco.} niṡprapañca: syāt, sa skandha- 

svabhāvo vā bhavet, rūpavedanāsaṃjñāsaṃskāravijñānākhyaskandhapañcakasvabhāvo vā bhavet | 

yadi vā śīlasamādhiprajñāvimuktivimuktijñānadarśanākhyapañcaskandhasvabhāva:, tadvyatirikto 

vā bhavet | pūrvakā eva pañca skandhā: sattvaprajñaptinimittatvādiha vicāre parigrhyante 

nottare, avyāpakatvādeṡāṃ pūrvakairantarbhāvitatvāditi || 

@211

yadi vā pañcaskandhavyatirikto bhavet, tatra tathāgate vā skandhā: syu:, skandheṡu 

vā sa bhavet, tathāgato vā skandhavān bhavet dhanavāniva devadatta: ? sarvathā ca vicārya- 

māṇo na saṃbhavati | kathaṃ krtvā ? tatra tāvat skandhā eva na tathāgata: | kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

uktaṃ hi- 

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagnirekatvaṃ kartrkarmaṇo: | 

[ma^ śā^-10.1] 

bhavediti, tadihāpi yojyam, 

sa buddho yo hyupādānamekatvaṃ kartrkarmaṇo: | 

bhavediti | tathā-

ātmā skandhā yadi bhavedudayavyayabhāgbhavet | [ ma^ śā^-18.1] 

ityuktam, tadihāpi yojyam, 

buddha: skandhā yadi bhavedudayavyayabhāgbhavet | iti | 

evaṃ tāvat skandhā na tathāgata: || idānīṃ nānya: skandhebhyastathāgata iti | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? uktaṃ hi- 

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyrte bhavet | 

[ma^ śā^-10.1] 

tathā- 

paratra nirapekṡatvādapradīpanahetuka: | 

punarārambhavaiyarthyamevaṃ cākarmaka: sati || iti, 

[ ma^ śā^-10.2] 

tathā ihāpi yojyam, 

buddho’nyaścedupādānādupādānaṃ vinā bhavet | 

tathā 

paratra nirapekṡatvādanupādānahetuka: | 

punarārambhavaiyarthyamevaṃ cākarmaka: sati || 

tathā- 

skandhebhyo’nyo yadi bhavedbhavedaskandhalakṡaṇa: | iti | 

anyatvābhāvācca skandhādīnāṃ tathāgatasya ca, tathāgate skandhā nopapadyante || 

nāpi skandheṡu tathāgata iti upapadyate | uktaṃ caitanmadhyamakāvatāre pakṡadvaya- 

vyākhyānam- 

@212

skandheṡvātmā vidyate naiva cāmī 

santi skandhā ātmanītīha yasmāt | 

satyanyatve syādiyaṃ kalpanā vai 

taccānyatvaṃ nāstyata: kalpanaiṡā || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.142] 

skandhavānapi tathāgato yathā na bhavati, tathā tatraivoktam—

iṡṭo nātmā rūpavānnāsti yasmā- 

dātmā vattvārthopayogo hi nāta: | 

bhede gomān rūpavānapyabhede 

tattvānyatve’rūpato nātmana: sta: || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.143] 

tattvānyatvapakṡe eva tu pañcāpi pakṡā antargatā vastuta: | satkāyadrṡṭipravrttya- 

pekṡayā tu pañca pakṡā: samupavarṇyante ācāryeṇeti vijñeyam | yaścaivaṃ skandheṡu pañcadhā 

vicāryamāṇo nāsti tathāgata:, sa kenānyena ātmanā bhaviṡyatīti, sarvathā na saṃbhavatyeva 

tathāgata{1. ##T## tathāgatasya sarvathā asaṃbhavaṃ paśyanta: ##for## tathāgata iti …dapaśyanta:.} iti bhāvasvabhāvādapaśyanta ācāryapādā: prāhu:-katamo’tra tathāgata iti | 

nāstyeva sa kaścit{2. ##T om. from## kaścit ##upto## svabhāva:.} sakalatrailokyavastuvipaścidbhāvasvabhāva ityabhiprāya: | tathāgatā- 

bhāvācca bhavasaṃtatirapi dravyasaṃtatirnāstīti{3. ##T om.## dravyasaṃtati.} siddham ||1|| 

atraike vadanti-naiva hi skandhāstathāgata iti bruma:, yathoktadoṡaprasaṅgāt | 

nāpi skandhavyatirikta: | nāpi tathāgate anāsravān skandhān varṇayāma:, himavati parvate 

iva tarukhaṇḍam | nāpi skandheṡu, tarukhaṇḍe iva siṃham | nāpi skandhavantaṃ varṇayāma:, 

lakṡaṇavantamiva cakravartinam, ekatvānyatvānabhyugamādeva | kiṃ tarhi skandhānamalānupādāya 

tattvānyatvādyavācyaṃ tathāgataṃ vyavasthāpayāma: | tasmānnāyaṃ vidhirasmākaṃ bādhaka iti | 

atrocyate—

buddha: skandhānupādāya yadi nāsti svabhāvata: | 

svabhāvataśca yon āsti kuta: sa parabhāvata: ||2|| 

yadi hi buddho bhagavānamalān{4. ##T om.## amalān.} skandhānupādāya tattvānyatvenāvaktavya: prajñapyate, 

na tarhiṃ svabhāvata: so’stīti vyaktamāpadyate, pratibimbavadupādāya prajñapyamānatvāt | yaśca 

idānīṃ svabhāvato nāsti ātmīyena svarūpeṇa, sa kathamavidyamāna: svabhāvata: skandhānu- 

pādāya parabhāvato bhaviṡyatīti ? na hi avidyamāno vandhyātanaya: parabhāvamapekṡya 

bhavatīti yujyate ||2|| 

@213

atha syāt-yathaiva hi pratibimbakaṃ svabhāvato’saṃvidyamānamapi parabhāvaṃ mukhā- 

darśādikamapekṡya bhavati, evaṃ ca tathāgato’pi svabhāvato’saṃvidyamāna: anāsravān pañca 

skandhānupādāya parabhāvato bhaviṡyatīti, evamapi- 

pratītya parabhāvaṃ ya: so’nātmetyupapadyate | 

yaścānātmā sa ca kathaṃ bhaviṡyati tathāgata: ||3|| 

yadi pratibimbavat parabhāvaṃ pratītya tathāgata: iṡyate, evaṃ sati pratibimbavadeva 

sa tathāgato’nātmetyupapadyate | na tu svabhāvata iti yujyate | ātmaśabdo’yaṃ svabhāva- 

śabdaparyāya: | yaśca anātmā ni:svabhāva: pratibimbavadeva, sa kathaṃ tathāgata: svabhāva- 
rūpato{1. ##T om.## svabhāvarūpato.} bhaviṡyati ? aviparītamārgagato na bhaviṡyatītyabhiprāya: ||3|| 

kiṃ cānyat-iha yadi tathāgatasya kaścit svabhāva: syāt, tadā tatsvabhāvā- 

pekṡayā skandhasvabhāva: parabhāva iti syāt, taṃ ca parabhāvaṃ pratītya tathāgata: syāt | 

yadā tu tathāgatasya svabhāva eva nāsti, tadā kuta: skandhānāṃ paratvaṃ syāditi 

pratipādayannāha- 

yadi nāsti svabhāvaśca parabhāva: kathaṃ bhavet | 

yadā caivaṃ svabhāvaparabhāvau na sta:, tadā 

svabhāvaparabhāvābhyāmrte ka: sa tathāgata: ||4|| 

padārtho hi bhavan svabhāvo bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tābhyāṃ tu vinā ko’sau apara: 

padārtho’sti, yastathāgata iti vyavasthāpyate ? tasmānnāsti svabhāvatastathāgata 

iti ||4|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

skandhān yadyanupādāya bhavetkaścittathāgata: | 

sa idānīmupādadyādupādāya tato bhavet ||5|| 

yadi manyase-skandhebhyastattvānyatvena avaktavyastathāgata: skandhānupādāya 

prajñapyate iti, tat kadā yujyate ? yadi skandhānanupādāya agrhītvā pūrvaṃ kaścittathāgato 

nāma bhavet, sa skandhānupādadyāt | vyatirikta eva hi pūrvasiddho dhanād devadatto dhanasyo- 

pādānaṃ kurute, tadvadetān skandhānanupādāya yadi kaścit tathāgata: syāt, sa idānīṃ 

skandhānupādadyāt, tataśca tān skandhānupādāya tato bhavet ||5|| 

vicāryamāṇastu sarvathā- 

skandhāṃścāpyanupādāya nāsti kaścittathāgata: | 

@214

nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt | 

yaśca nāstyanupādāya sa upādāsyate katham ||6||

avidyamānatvādityabhiprāya: | yadā caivaṃ na kiṃcidapyupādatte, tadā skandhānu- 

pādāya tathāgato nāma bhaviṡyatīti nopapadyate ||6|| 

yadā caivaṃ tathāgata: upādānātpūrvamavidyamānatvāt na kiṃcidupādatte, tadā tadu- 

pādānasyāpi kenacidapi anupādīyamānasya upādānatvaṃ na saṃbhavatyeveti pratipādayannāha- 

na bhavatyanupādattamupādānaṃ{1. ##Mss.## anupādātaṃ ##for## anupādattaṃ.} ca kiṃcana | 

yadā caivamupādānaṃ kenacidapyanupādīyamānatvādupādānaṃ na bhavatīti, tadā upā- 

dānābhāvādupādātāpi kaścinnāstīti pratipādayannāha—

na cāsti nirupādāna: kathaṃcana tathāgata: ||7|| 

iti ||7|| 

tadevaṃ yathopapāditanyāyena- 

tattvānyatvena yo nāsti mrgyamāṇaśca pañcadhā | 

upādānena sa kathaṃ prajñapyeta{2. ##P## prajñapyate ##for## prajñapyeta.} tathāgata: ||8|| 

yo hi tathāgato vicāryamāṇo mrgyamāṇa: tattvena skandhebhya ekatvena nāsti, anya- 

tvena skandhebhya: prthaktvena ca yon āsti, evaṃ tattvānyatvāsattvādādhārādheyatadvatpakṡapañca- 

prakārairmrgyamāṇo yo nāsti, sa kathamatyanto’saṃvidyamānastathāgata: upādānena śakya: 

prajñapayitum ? ityato’pi nāsti tathāgato nāma svabhāvata: ||8|| 

na kevalamanena vicāreṇa tathāgata eva nāsti, 

yadapīdamupādānaṃ tatsvabhāvatvānna vidyate | 

yadapi idamupādānaṃ rūpavedanāsaṃjñāsaṃskāravijñānākhyaṃ skandhapañcakam, tadapi 

svabhāvena na vidyate, pratītyasamutpannatvāt, skandhaparīkṡāyāṃ ca [ma^ śā^ 4] vistareṇa 

pratiṡiddhatvāt || 

athāpi syāt-yadyapi svabhāvata: upādānaṃ nāsti, tathāpi hetupratyayātmakāt 

parabhāvādbhaviṡyatīti, tadapi nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha- 

svabhāvataśca yannāsti kutastatparabhāvata: ||9|| 

na hi vandhyāsūnu: svabhāvato’saṃvidyamāna: śakya: parabhāvena prajñapayitumiti | 

ata: upādānamapi nāsti || 

@215

atha vā-- 

yadapīdamupādānaṃ tatsvabhāvānna vidyate |

upādātrsāpekṡatvādupādātrnirapekṡasya ca upādānatvābhāvānnāsti svabhāva- 

siddhamupādānam | atha yadyapi upādātrnirapekṡamupādānaṃ svabhāvasiddhaṃ na saṃbhavati, evaṃ 

tadupādātrapekṡameva bhavatviti | ucyate | evamapi- 

svabhāvataśca yannāsti kutastatparabhāvata: || 

svabhāvato yadupādānaṃ na siddham, tadavidyamānasvabhāvaṃ kathamupādātu: parabhāvato 

bhaviṡyatīti | tasmādupādānamapi nāstīti ||9|| 

idānīṃ yathāprasādhitamevārthamupadarśayannāha- 

evaṃ śūnyamupādānamupādātā ca sarvaśa: | 

sarveṇa prakāreṇa vicāryamāṇaṃ śūnyamupādānaṃ ni:svabhāvam, upādātā ca śūnya: 

svabhāvarahita: | tenedānīmupādānena- 

prajñapyate ca śūnyena kathaṃ śūnyastathāgata: ||10|| 

naivaṃ tatsaṃbhavati yadavidyamānena avidyamānasya tathāgatasya prajñapti: syāditi | 

tasmāt skandhānupādāya tathāgata: prajñapyate iti nopapadyate || 

atrāhu:-aho bata hatā pratyāśā asmākam, ye hi nāma vayaṃ svavikalpa- 

vikalpitātikaṭhinakudarśanamālutālatājālāvabaddheṡu{1. ##Mss.## ^mārutā^; Dhammapada reads## māluvā.} nirvāṇapuragāmyaviparītamārgagamana- 

paribhraṡṭeṡu anatikrāntasaṃsārāṭavīkāntāradurgeṡu kaṇabhakṡākṡapādadigambarajaimininaiyāyika- 

prabhrtiṡu tīrthakareṡu aviparītasvargāpavargamārgopadeśābhimāniṡu sprhāṃ parityajya nirava- 

śeṡānyatīrthyamatāndhakāropaghātakaṃ svargāpavargānugāmyaviparītamārgasaṃprakāśakaṃ saddharma- 

deśanātipaṭutarakiraṇavyāptāśeṡāśāmukhaṃ vividhavineyajanamatikamalakuḍmalavibodhanatatparaṃ 

yathāvadavasthitapadārthatattvārthabhājanānāmamalaikacakṡurbhūtaṃ sakalajagaccharaṇyabhūtamadvitīyaṃ 

daśabalavaiśāradyāveṇikabuddhadharmāmalamaṇḍalaṃ mahāyānamahānayasārathivaraṃ{2. ##T om. from## mahāyāna ##upto## nirākaraṇāya.} saptabodhyaṅgo- 

ttuṅgaturaṅgapadātiyojitaṃ sakalatribhuvanajanajāti jarāmaraṇasaṃsārakāntārasariducchoṡaṇa- 

tatparaṃ caturasamamārārātisamaraśarasaṃpātavijayinaṃ sakalajagadasadgrāharāhugrahavigrahod- 

grahanirāsinaṃ tathāgatasavitāramajñānaghanagahanāndhakāranirākaraṇāya mokṡārthino’nuttara- 

samyaksaṃbodhyarthina: śaraṇaṃ pratipannā:, tasya ca tvayā- 

evaṃ śūnyamupādānamupādātā ca sarvaśa: | 

prajñapyate ca śūnyena kathaṃ śūnyastathāgata: || 

@216

ityādinā svabhāvato’sattvaṃ bruvatā bhavatā hatā asmākaṃ mokṡapratyāśā{1. ##T. om.## mokṡapratyāśā...bhilāṡa iti.} anuttara- 
samyaksaṃbodhyāgamābhilāṡa: iti | tadalaṃ bhavatā tathāgatamahādityapracchādakena{2. ##T## tathāgatamahābhaiṡajyavrkṡaṃ nirmūlayatā sārdhaṃ vivādena ##for## tathā^ ^pameneti.} 

ākālikaghanaghanāvalīvisaraṇena jagadandhakāropameneti | ucyate | asmākameva hatā 

pratyāśā bhavadvidheṡvabudhajaneṡu ye hi nāma bhavanta: mokṡakāmatayā anyatīrthyamatāni 

parityajya bhagavantaṃ tathāgatamapi aviparītaṃ paramaśāstāraṃ pratipadya paramagambhīramanuttaraṃ 

sarvatīrthyavādāsādhāraṇaṃ nairātmyasiṃhanādamasahamānā: kuraṅgamā iva svādhimuktidaridratayā 

vividhakudrṡṭivyālamālākulaṃ viparyastajanānuyātaṃ tameva mahāghorasaṃsārāṭavīkāntāra- 

cārakānugamārgamavagāhante | na hi tathāgatā: kadācidapyātmana: skandhānāṃ vā astitvaṃ 

prajñapayanti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatyām- 

buddho’pyāyuṡman subhūte māyopama: svapnopama: | buddhadharmā apyāyuṡman subhūte 

māyopamā: svapnopamā: || iti || 

[aṡṭasāhasrikā-39] 

tathā- 

dharma svabhāvatu śūnya vivikto 

bodhi svabhāvatu śūnya viviktā | 

yo hi caretsa pi śūnyasvabhāvo 

jñānavato na tub ālajanasya || iti | 

na ca vayaṃ sarvathaiva niṡprapañcānāṃ tathāgatānāṃ nāstitvaṃ brūma:, yadasmākaṃ 

tadapavādakrto doṡa: syāt ||10|| 

api ca | ni:svabhāvaṃ hi tathāgataṃ vyācakṡāṇena aviparītārthābhidhitsunā 

yoginā{3. ##T. om.## yoginā satā sarvathā.}satā sarvathā- 

śūnyamiti na vaktavyamaśūnyamiti vā bhavet | 

ubhayaṃ nobhayaṃ ceti 

sarvametanna vaktavyamasmābhi: | kiṃ tu anukte yathāvadavasthitaṃ svabhāvaṃ prtipattā 

pratipattuṃ na samartha ityato vayamapi āropato vyavahārasatye eva sthitvā vyavahārārthaṃ 

vineyajanānurodhena śūnyamityapi brūma:, aśūnyamityapi, śūnyāśūnyamityapi, naiva śūnyaṃ 

nāśūnyamityapi brūma: | ata evāha—

prajñaptyarthaṃ tu kathyate ||11|| 

@217

iti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- 

śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:svabhāvayogena | nirnimittā: sarvadharmā nirnimittatāmupādāya | 

apraṇihitā: sarvadharmā apraṇidhānayogena | prakrtiprabhāsvarā: sarvadharmā: prajñāpāramitā- 

pariśuddhyā | iti || 

anyatra aśūnyamuktam—

atītaṃ cedbhikṡavo rūpaṃ nābhaviṡyanna śrutavānāryaśrāvako’tītaṃ rūpamabhya- 

nandiṡyat | yasmāttarhi bhikṡava: asti atītaṃ rūpam, tasmādāryaśrāvaka: śrutavānatītaṃ 

rūpamabhinandatīti | anāgataṃ cedbhikṡava:-ityādi | evaṃ yāvat atītaṃ cedbhikṡavo 

vijñānaṃ nābhaviṡyat-ityādi pūrvavat || 

tathā sautrāntikamate atītānāgataṃ śūnyam, anyadaśūnyam | viprayuktā vijñapti: 

śūnyā | vijñānavāde’pi kalpitasvabhāvasya śūnyatvam, apratītyasamutpannatvāt, taimiri- 

kadvicandrādidarśanavat | 

na śūnyaṃ nāpi cāśūnyaṃ tasmātsarvaṃ vidhīyate | 

[tathā] sattvādasattvācca madhyamā pratipacca sā || iti || 

[madhyāntavibhāga ?]

yena tvabhiprāyeṇa śūnyatvādikamupadiśyate, sa ātmaparīkṡāto [ma^ śā^ 18] 

boddhavya: | yathoktaṃ sūtre- 

māyopayaṃ jagadidaṃ bhavatā 

naṭaraṅgasvapnasadrśaṃ vihitam | 

nātmā na sattva na ca jīvagatī 

dharmā marīcidakacandrasamā: || 

śūnyaṃ ca śāntamanupādamayaṃ 

avijānadeva jagadudbhramatī | 

teṡāmupāyanayayuktiśatai- 

ravatārayasyapi kupālutayā || 

rāgādibhiśca{1. ##T om. this stanza and the following.##} bahurogaśatai: 

saṃtrāsitaṃ sakalamīkṡi jagat | 

vaidyopamo vicarase’pratimo 

parimocayaṃ sugata sattvaśatān || 

@218

rathacakravad bhramati sarvajagat 

tiryakṡu pretanirayeṡu gatā: | 

mūḍhā adeśika anāthagatā: 

teṡāṃ pradarśayasi mārgavaram || iti | 

sarvāstvetā: kalpanā niṡprapañce tathāgate na saṃbhavanti ||11|| 

na ca kevalaṃ śūnyatvādikameva catuṡṭayaṃ tathāgate na saṃbhavati, api ca—

śāśvatāśāśvatādyā kuta: śānte catuṡṭayam | 

antānantādi cāpyatra kuta: śānte catuṡṭayam ||12|| 

iha caturdaśa avyākrtavastūni bhagavatā nirdiṡṭāni | tadyathā-śāśvato loka:, 

aśāśvatī loka:, śāśvataśca aśāśvataśca loka:, naiva śāśvato nāśāśvataśca loka:, iti 

catuṡṭayam | antavān loka:, anantavān loka:, antavāṃśca anantavāṃśca loka:, naiva 

antavān na anantavāṃśca loka:, iti dvitīyam | bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, na 

bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, bhavati ca na bhavati ca tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, naiva bhavati 

na na bhavati ca tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, iti trtīyam | sa jīvastaccharīram, anyo 

jīvo’nyaccharīram, iti | tānyetāni caturdaśa vastūni avyākrtatvādavyākrtavastūni 

ityucyante | tatra yathopavarṇitena nyāyena yathā śūnyatvādikaṃ catuṡṭayaṃ prakrtyā śānte 

ni:svabhāve tathāgate na saṃbhavati, evaṃ śāśvatāśāśvatādikamapi catuṡṭayamatra na saṃbhavati | 

asaṃbhavādeva ca catuṡṭayaṃ vandhyāputrasya śyāmagauratvādivat na vyākrtaṃ bhagavatā lokasya | 

yathā ca etaccatuṡṭayaṃ tathāgate na saṃbhavati, evamantānantādikamapi śānte tathāgate na 

saṃbhavati ||12||

idānīṃ bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt ityādikasyāpi kalpanācatuṡṭayasya pravrttya- 

saṃbhavamudbhāvayannāha- 

yena grāho grhītastu ghano’stīti tathāgata: | 

nāstīti sa vikalpayannirvrtasyāpi kalpayet ||13|| 

yena hi ghanataro{1. ##T om.## ghanataro.} mahatābhiniveśena asti tathāgata: iti grāho grhīta:, parikalpa 

utpādita:, sa: niyataṃ parinirvrte tathāgate, na bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, maraṇāduttara- 

kālaṃ na bhavati, ucchinnastathāgata:, na saṃvidyate, iti parikalpayet | tasya evaṃ vikalpayata: 

syād drṡṭikrtam ||13|| 

yasya tu na kasyāṃcidapyavasthāyāṃ svabhāvaśūnyatvāt tathāgatasya astitva- 

nāstitvam, tasya pakṡe—

@219

svabhāvataśca śūnye’smiṃścintā naivopapadyate | 

paraṃ nirodhādbhavati buddho na bhavatīti vā ||14|| 

ākāśe citrarūpakalpanāvadeṡā kalpanā nāstītyabhiprāya: ||14|| 

tadevaṃ prakrtiśānte ni:svabhāve tathāgate sarvaprapañcātīte mandabuddhitayā śāśvatā- 

śāśvatādikayā nityānityāstināstiśūnyāśūnyasarvajñādikayā kalpanayā- 

prapañcayanti ye buddhaaṃ prapañcātītamavyayam | 

te prapañcahatā: sarve na paśyanti tathāgatam ||15|| 

vastunibandhanā hi prapañcā: syu:, avastukaśca tathāgata: | kuta: prapañcānāṃ pravrtti- 

saṃbhava iti ? ata: prapañcātītastathāgata: | anutpādasvabhāvāvācca svabhāvāntarāgamanāda- 

vyaya: | tamitthaṃvidhaṃ tathāgataṃ svotprekṡitamithyāparikalpamalamalinamānasatayā vividhaira- 

bhūtai: parikalpaviśeṡai: ye buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ prapañcayanti, te svakaireva prapañcairhatā: santa: tathā- 

gataguṇasamrddheratyantaparokṡavartino bhavanti | tataśca śavabhūtā: etasmin pravacane na 

paśyanti tathāgataṃ jātyandhā ivādityam | ata evāha bhagavān- 

ye māṃ rūpeṇa adrākṡurye māṃ ghoṡeṇa anvayu: | 

mithyāprahāṇaprasrtā na māṃ drakṡyanti te janā: || 

dharmato buddhā draṡṭavyā dharmakāyā hi nāyakā: | 

dharmatā cāpyavijñeyā na sā śakyā vijānitum || 

[vajracchedikā-43] 

iti ||15|| 

tadatra tathāgataparīkṡāyāṃ sattvaloka: sakala: sasurāsuranarādi: parīkṡita: | yathā 

cāyaṃ sattvaloko ni:svabhāva:, tathā bhājanalokasyāpi vāyumaṇḍalāderakaniṡṭhavitāna- 

bhavanaparyantasya nai:svābhāvyamudbhāvayannāha—

tathāgato yatsvabhāvastatsvabhāvamidaṃ jagat | 

idaṃ jagaditi ayaṃ bhājanaloka ityartha: | kiṃsvabhāvastathāgata: punarityāha- 

tathāgato ni:svabhāvo ni:svabhāvamidaṃ jagat ||16|| 

iti | yathā ca jagato nai:svābhāvyam, tathā pratyayaparīkṡādibhi: pratipāditam | 

ata evoktaṃ sūtre—

anupādadharma: satataṃ tathāgata: 

sarve ca dharmā: sugatena sādrśā: | 

nimittagrāheṇa tu bālabuddhaya: 

asatsu dharmeṡu caranti loke || 

@220

tathāgato hi pratibimbabhūta: 

kuśalasya dharmasya anāsravasya | 

naivātra tathatā na tathāgato’sti 

bimbaṃ ca saṃdrśyati sarva loke || iti | 

uktaṃ ca bhagavatyāṃ prajñāpāramitāyām- 

atha khalu te devaputrā: āyuṡmantaṃ subhūtiṃ sthavirametadavocan-kiṃ punarāryasubhūte 

māyopamāste sattvā:, n ate māyā ? evamukte āyuṡmān subhūtistān devaputrānetadavocat- 

māyopamāste devaputrā: sattvā:, svapnopamāste devaputrā: sattvā: | iti hi māyā ca 

sattvāśca advayametadadvaidhīkāram | iti hi svapnaśca sattvāśca advayametadadvaidhīkāram | 

sarvadharmā api devaputrā māyopamā: svapnopamā: | srotaāpanno’pi māyopama: svapnopama: | 

srota āpattiphalamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | evaṃ sakrdāgāmyapi sakrdāgāmiphalamapi | 

anāgāmyapi anāgāmiphalamapi | arhannapi māyopama: svapnopama: | arhattvaphalamapi 

māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | pratyekabuddho’pi māyopama: svapnopama: | pratyekabuddhatvamapi 

māyopama svapnopamam | samyaksaṃbuddho’pi māyopama: svapnopama: iti | samyaksaṃbuddhatvamapi 

māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi || 

atha khalu devaputrā āyuṡmantaṃ subhūtimetadavocana-samyaksaṃbuddho’pi māyopama: 

svapnopama iti, samyaksaṃbuddhatvamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti āryasubhūte vadasi ? 

subhūtirāha-nirvāṇamapi devaputrā māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi, kiṃ punaranyaṃ dharmam ? 

devaputrā āhu:-nirvāṇamapyāryasubhūte māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadasi ? subhūtirāha- 

yadyapi devaputrā nirvāṇādapyanya: kaściddharmo viśiṡṭatara: syāt, tamapyahaṃ māyopamaṃ 

svapnopamamiti vadeyam | iti hi māyā ca nirvāṇaṃ ca advayametadadvaidhīkāramiti || 

[aṡṭasāhasrikā-39] 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

tathāgataparīkṡā nāma dvāviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@221

23

viparyāsaparīkṡā trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha-vidyata eva bhavasaṃtati:, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśebhya: karma 

pravartate | karmakleśahetukā janmamaraṇaparaṃparā upajāyate | sā ca bhavasaṃtatirvyapadiśyate | 

tasyāśca pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ kleśā:, prahīṇakleśānāṃ bhavasaṃtaterabhāvāt | te ca rāgādaya: 

kleśā: santi | tasmāt kāryabhūtāpi janmamaraṇaparaṃparā avicchedaprabandhena bhavasaṃtatirapi 

bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate | syād bhavasaṃtati:, yadi taddhetubhūtā: kleśā: syu: | na tu santi | 

kathaṃ krtvā ? iha bhagavadbhirbuddhai: {1. ##T om. from## sakala^ ##upto## ^parājayai:.} sakalatribhuvanajanasaṃkleśaśatruvidhvaṃsibhiścaturmārārāti- 

samaraparājayai:- 

saṃkalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṡo mohaśca kathyate | 

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi ||1|| 

saṃkalpo vitarka: | saṃkalpāt prabhavatīti saṃkalpaprabhava: | 

kāma jānāmi te mūlaṃ saṃkalpātkila jāyase | 

na tvāṃ saṃkalpayiṡyāmi tato me na bhaviṡyasi || 

[mahāvastu-3.190] 

iti gāthābhidhānāt 

saṃkalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṡo mohaśca kathyate | 

etanmūlakatvādanyeṡāṃ kleśānāṃ mukhyatvādeṡāmevopādānaṃ trayāṇām | ete ca traya: 

kleśā:- 

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi | 

tatra hi śubhamākāraṃ pratītya rāga utpadyate, aśubhaṃ pratītya dveṡa:, viparyāsān

pratītya moha utpadyate | saṃkalpastu eṡāṃ trayāṇāmapi sādhāraṇakāraṇamutpattau | kathaṃ 

punarmoha: saṃkalpaprabhava: ? ucyate | uktaṃ hi pratītyasamutpāde bhagavatā- 

avidyāpi bhikṡava: sahetukā sapratyayā sanidānā | kaśca bhikṡava: avidyāyā 

hetu: ? ayoniśo bhikṡavo manaskāro’vidyāyā hetu: | āvilo mohajo manaskāro 

bhikṡavo’vidyāyā hetu: || ityata: avidyā saṃkalpaprabhavā bhavati ||1|| 

tataśca—

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya ye | 

te svabhāvānna vidyante tasmāt kleśā na tattvata: ||2|| 

@222

iti | yadi rāgādaya: svabhāvasiddhā: syu:, naiva te śubhāśubhaviparyāsān pratītya 

saṃbhaveyu:, svabhāvasya akrtrimatvāt paranirapekṡatvācca | bhavanti ca śubhāśubhaviparyāsān 

pratītya, tasmānni:svabhāvā eva te | tattvato na vidyante, paramārthata: svabhāvato na 

vidyante ityartha: ||2|| 

api ca—

ātmano’stitvanāstitve na kathaṃcicca sidhyata: | 

taṃ vināstitvanāstitve kleśānāṃ sidhyata: katham ||3|| 

ātmano yathā astitvanāstitve na sta:, tathā uktaṃ vistareṇa | tataśca- 

tadāśritasya dharmasya kuto’stitvanāstitve bhaviṡyata: ? ||3|| 

atha syāt-yadi astitvanāstitve ātmano na sta:, tadā kimatra kleśānā- 

māyātam, yatasteṡāmapi astitvanāstitve na sta: iti ? ucyate—

kasyaciddhi bhavantīme kleśā: sa ca na sidhyati | 

kaścidāho vinā kaṃcitsanti kleśā na kasyacit ||4|| 

iha amī rāgādaya: kuḍyaṃ citravat phalaṃ pakvatādivacca utpattau āśrayamapekṡante | 

tataśca kasyacidete bhavanti, na vinā kaṃcidāśrayam | sa ca āśraya: parikalpyamāna: 

ātmā vā cittaṃ vā bhavet | sa caiṡāmāśraya: pūrvameva pratiṡiddhatvānnāsti | taṃ ca kaṃci- 

dāśrayaṃ vinā kasya kleśā bhavantu ? naiva kasyacidbhavanti, tasyāvidyamānatvāt, āho 

vinā kaṃcit santi kleśā na kasyacit ||4|| 

atrāha-naiva hi kleśānāṃ kaścidāśraya: pūrvaṃ siddho’bhyupagamyate | na ca ātmā 

nāma kaścidasti, ya: āśrayatvena vyavasthāpyeta, nirhetukatvād vyomacūtataruvat | kiṃ 

tarhi kliṡṭaṃ cittaṃ pratītya kleśā upajāyante, tacca cittaṃ sahaiva kleśairupajāyata iti | 

etadapi na yuktamityāha—

svakāyadrṡṭivat kleśā: kliṡṭe santi na pañcadhā | 

svakāyadrṡṭivat kliṡṭaṃ kleśeṡvapi na pañcadhā ||5|| 

svakāyo hi nāma rūpādilakṡaṇasaṃhati: | svakāyadrṡṭi:{1. ##T## svakāye drṡṭi: svakāyadrṡṭi: ātmīyā^ ##for## svakāyadrṡṭi: svakāye ātmadrṡṭi: ātmīyā^.} svakāye ātmadrṡṭi: 

ātmīyākāragrahaṇapravrttā | yatheyaṃ pañcadhā vicāryamāṇā svakāye na saṃbhavati, 

skandhā na nānya: skandhebhyo nāsmin skandhā na teṡu sa: | 

tathāgata: skandhavānna katamo’tra tathāgata: || 

[ma^ śā^-12.1]

@223

ityanena | evaṃ kliṡṭe’pi kleśā vicāryamāṇā: pañcadhā na saṃbhavanti | tatra kliśyantīti 

kleśā:, kliśyate iti kliṡṭam | tatra yadeva kliṡṭaṃ tadeva kleśā iti na yujyate dagdhr- 

dāhyayorapyekatvaprasaṅgāt | anyat kliṡṭam, anye kleśā iti na yujyate; paratra nira- 

pekṡatvāt, akliṡṭahetukakleśaprasaṅgāt | ata eva ca ekatvānyatvābhāvādādhārādheya- 

tadvatpakṡāṇāṃ ca abhāvānna kleśeṡu kliṡṭam, na kliṡṭe kleśā:, nāpi kleśavat kliṡṭam | 

ityevaṃ kliṡṭe pañcadhā vicāryamāṇā: kleśā na saṃbhavanti | yathā ca kliṡṭahetukā: 

kleśā na saṃbhavanti, evaṃ kleśahetukamapi kliṡṭaṃ kleśeṡu vicāryamāṇaṃ pañcadhā na 

saṃbhavati | na hi kleśā eva kliṡṭam, kartrkarmaṇorekatvaprasaṅgāt, nānye kleśā anyat 

kliṡṭam, nirapekṡatvaprasaṅgāt, na ca kliṡṭe kleśā:, na ca kleśeṡu kliṡṭam, na kliṡṭavanta: 

kleśā: | ityevaṃ svakāyadrṡṭivadeva kliṡṭaṃ kleśeṡvapi pañcadhā nāsti | yataścaivam, ata: 

parasparāpekṡayāpi kleśakliṡṭayornāsti siddhi: ||5|| 

atrāha-yadyapi tvayā kleśā: pratiṡiddhā:, tathāpi kleśahetava: śubhāśubhaviparyā- 

sāstāvat santi, tatsadbhāvācca kleśā: santīti | ucyate | syu: kleśā:, yadi śubhā- 

śubhaviparyāsā eva syu:, yāvatā{1. ##T## yasmāt ##for## yāvatā ete’pi.} ete’pi—

svabhāvato na vidyante śubhāśubhaviparyayā: | 

pratītyasamutpannātvādvakṡyamāṇapratiṡedhācca | yadā ca ten a santi svabhāvata:, 

tadā- 

pratītya katamān kleśā: śubhāśubhaviparyayān ||6|| 

naiva santi kleśā:, taddhetuśubhāśubhaviparyayābhāvādityabhiprāya: ||6|| 

atrāha—vidyanta eva kleśā:, tadālambanasadbhāvāt | iha hi yannāsti, na 

tasyālambanamasti, tadyathā bandhyāsūno: | asti ca rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṡṭavyadharmākhyaṃ 

ṡaḍvidhamālambanam | tasmādālambanasadbhāvādvidyanta eva kleśā iti | ucyate | 

astyetat, yad bhavadbhi:- 

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca ṡaḍvidham | 

vastu rāgasya dveṡasya mohasya ca vikalpyate ||7|| 

tatra vastu ālambanam, vasatīti vā asmin rāgādikam tadutpatte: iti krtvā | 

tacca tadālambanaṃ ṡoḍhā bhavati, indriyāṇāṃ ṡaṇṇāṃ paricchedakarāṇāmanyonyabhedāt | 

rūpaṃ śabdā gandhā rasā: spraṡṭavyāni dharmāśceti | tatra idamihāmutreti nirūpaṇāt, rūpaṇācca 

rūpam | tena śabdena śabdyante prakāśyante padārthā iti śabda: | gandhyante hiṃsyante yatra 

prāptā: tato’nyatrāgamanād gandhā: | rasyate āsvādyate iti rasa: | sprśyate iti sparśa: | 

@224

svalakṡaṇāsādhāraṇānnirvāṇāgradharmādhāraṇāddharmā: | tadetat ṡaḍvidhaṃ vastu bhavati | kasya ? 

rāgasya dveṡasya mohasya | tatra rañjanaṃ rāgo raktiradhyavasānam | rajyate vā anena citta- 

miti rāga: | dūṡaṇaṃ doṡa:, āghāta: sattvaviṡayo’sattvaviṡayo vā | dūṡyate vā anena 

cittamiti doṡa: | mohanaṃ moha: saṃmoha: padārthasvarūpāparijñānam | muhyate vā anena 

cittamiti moha: | tadeṡāṃ kleśānāṃ rūpādikaṃ ṡaḍvidhaṃ vastu ālambanaṃ bhavati | tatra 

śubhākārādhyāropeṇa yathā rūpādibhyo rāga upajāyate, aśubhākārādhyāropeṇa dveṡa:, 

nityātmādyadhyāropeṇa moha: saṃbhavatīti ||7|| 

satyaṃ vikalpyate etadbālajanai: ṡaḍvidhaṃ vastu | kiṃ tu avidyamānasvabhāvasattāka- 

metad rāgādīnāmālambanatvena parikalpyate bhavatā taimirikairiva asatkeśamaśakamakṡi- 

kādvicandrādikamiti{1. ##T## ^keśādikaṃ ##for## keśamaśakamakṡikādvicandrādikaṃ.} pratipādayannāha—

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalā: | 

kevalā iti parikalpitamātrā ni:svabhāvā ityartha: | yadi ni:svabhāvā:, kathaṃ 

tarhi upalabhyante iti ? ucyate—

gandharvanagarākārā marīcisvapnasaṃnibhā: ||8|| 

iti ete upalabhyante ||8|| 

yathā gandharvanagarādiprakhyā ete kevalaṃ viparyāsādupalabhyante, tadā- 

aśubhaṃ vā śubhaṃ vāpi kutasteṡu bhaviṡyati | 

māyāpuruṡakalpeṡu pratibimbasameṡu ca ||9|| 

tadanena mithyāśrayasamutpannatvācchubhāśubhayorapi nimittayormrṡātvameva bhavati | 

yathoktam- 

ahaṃkārodbhavā: skandhā: so’haṃkāro’nrto’rthata: | 

bījaṃ yasyānrtaṃ tasya praroha: satyata: kuta: || 

skandhānasatyān{2. ##T om. this stanza.##} drṡṭvaivamahaṃkāra: prahīyate | 

ahaṃkāraprahāṇācca na puna: skandhasaṃbhava: || 

iti ||9|| 

na ca kevalamāśrayamithyātve śubhāśubhayornimittayormithyātvam, api ca anayā- 

pyupapattyā anayormithyātvamiti pratipādayannāha—

anapekṡya śubhaṃ nāstyaśubhaṃ prajñapayemahi |

yatpratītya śubhaṃ tasmācchubhaṃ naivopapadyate ||10|| 

@225

iha yadi śubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyataṃ tadaśubhamapekṡya bhavet, pārāvāravat, 

bījāṅkuravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, śubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṡatvāt | taccāpyapekṡaṇīya- 

maśubhaṃ śubhena vinā nāsti | [ anapekṡya śubhaṃ nāstyaśubhaṃ ] śubhaṃ nirapekṡyāśubhaṃ nāstītya- 

bhiprāya: | yadaśubhaṃ pratītya yadaśubhamapekṡya śubhaṃ prajñapayemahi vyavasthāpayemahi | yacchabdena 

anantarasyāśubhasya parāmarśa: | prajñapayemahītyanena uttarasya śubhasya saṃbandha: | yataśca 

evaṃ śubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṡaṇīyamaśubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, tasmācchubhaṃ 

naivopapadyate hrasvāsaṃbhavādiva dīrgham, pārāsaṃbhavādiva avāramityabhiprāya: ||10|| 

idānīmaśubhamapi yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha—

anapekṡyāśubhaṃ nāsti śubhaṃ prajñapayemahi | 

yatpratītyāśubhaṃ tasmādaśubhaṃ naiva vidyate ||11|| 

yadi hi aśubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyatameva tacchubhamapekṡya bhavet, pārā- 

vāravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, aśubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṡatvāt, taccāpyapekṡaṇīyaṃ 

śubhamaśubhena vinā nāsti, anapekṡyāśubhaṃ nāsti śubham | aśubhaṃ nirapekṡya śubhaṃ na saṃbhava- 

tītyabhiprāya: | yacchubhaṃ pratītya yacchubhamapekṡya aśubhaṃ prajñapayemahi, aśubhaṃ vyavasthāpayemahi | 

atrāpi yacchabdena anantarasya śubhasya parāmarśa: | prajñapayemahītyanena ca uttarasyāśubhasya 

saṃbandha: | yataścaivamaśubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṡaṇīya śubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, 

tasmādaśubhaṃ naiva vidyate ||11|| 

yataścaivaṃ śubhāśubhayorasaṃbhava:, ata:- 

avidyamāne ca śubhe kuto rāgo bhaviṡyati | 

aśubhe’vidyamāne ca kuto dveṡo bhaviṡyati ||12||

śubhāśubhanimittakayo rāgadveṡayo: śubhāśubhanimittābhāve sati nirhetukatvānnāsti 

saṃbhava ityabhiprāya: ||12|| 

tadevaṃ śubhāśubhanimittābhāvena rāgadveṡayorabhāvamupapādya viparyāsasvabhāvābhāva- 

pratipādanena mohasyāpyadhunā svabhāvābhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha—

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyaya: | 

nānityaṃ vidyate śūnye kuto grāho viparyaya: ||13|| 

iha catvāro viparyāsā ucyante | tadyathā-anitye pratikṡaṇavināśini 

skandhapañcake yo nityamiti grāha:, sa viparyāsa: | tathā- 

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā pīḍā yasya na tatsukham | 

tasmādanityaṃ yatsarvaṃ du:khaṃ taditi jāyate || 

@226

ityamunā nyāyena yadanityaṃ taddu:kham, sarvasaṃskārāśca anityā:, tasmāddu:khātmake 

skandhapañcake ya: sukhamiti viparīto grāha:, so’paro viparyāsa: | tathā-- 

śukraśoṇitasaṃparkabījaṃ viṇmūtravardhitam | 

amedhyarūpamājānan rajyase’tra kayecchayā || 

{1.##T om.this stanza.##}amedhyapuñjapracchanne tatkledārdreṇa carmaṇā | 

ya: śayīta san ārīṇāṃ śayīta jaghanodare || ityādi | 

evamidaṃ śarīraṃ sarvātmanā satatamaśucisvabhāvam | tatra yo mohācchucitvena 

grāho’bhiniveśa:, sa viparyāsa: | tathā pañcaskandhakamātmalakṡaṇavilakṡaṇamasthiratvā- 

dudayavyayadharmitvācca nirātmakamātmasvabhāvaśūnyam, tasmin ya ātmagrāho’bhiniveśa: 

anātmani ātmābhiniveśa:, sa viparyāsa: | ityete catvāro viparyāsā: saṃmohasya 

hetubhūtā: || 

atredānīṃ vicāryate—yadi nityatvaṃ nityadarśanaṃ svabhāvaśūnyeṡu nityagrāho 

viparyāsa ityevaṃ vyavasthāpyate, nanu ca svabhāvaśūnyeṡu skandheṡu anityatvamapi nāsti, iti 

nānityaṃ vidyate śūnye kuto grāho viparyaya: | 

anityatvaṃ hi viparītamapekṡya nityatvaṃ viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate | na ca 

anityatvaṃ vidyate śūnye | yadā anityatvasyābhāva:, tadā kutastadvirodhi nityatvaṃ 

nityadarśanaviparyāso{2. ##T om.## nityadarśana.}bhaviṡyatīti bhāva: | tasmānnāsti viparyāsa: | yathā ca anityatvaṃ 

śūnye na saṃbhavati bhāvasvabhāvarahite sasvabhāvena anutpanne, evaṃ du:khatvamapi na saṃbhavati, 

aśucitvamapi nāsti | anātmakatvamapi nāsti | yadā ca svabhāvaśūnyatvāddu:khatvādikaṃ 

nāsti, tadā kutastadvipakṡabhūtā nityasukhaśucyātmaviparyāsā bhaviṡyanti ? tasmāt 

santi viparyāsā: svarūpata: | tadabhāve kuto bhaviṡyatyavidyā ? hetvabhāvāt | yathoktaṃ 

bhagavatā-- 

avidyayā naiva kadāci vidyate 

avidyata pratyayasaṃbhavaśca | 

avidyamāneyamavidyā loke 

tasmānmayā ukta avidyā eṡā || 

tathā-- 

kathaṃ bhagavan moho dhāraṇīpadam ? bhagavānāha—atyantamukto hi mañjuśrī: moha:, 

tenocyate moha: | 

ityādinā viparyaya iti vyavasthāpyate ||13|| 

@227

nanu evaṃ sati svabhāvena avidyamāne padārthe anityamityapi grāho na saṃbhavati 

iti asāvapi kasmānna viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate iti pratipādayannāha—

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyaya: | 

anityamityapi grāha: śūnye kiṃ na viparyaya: ||14|| 

yadā ca ubhayasyāpi vaiparītyaṃ nityasya anityasya ca, tadā tadvyatiriktaṃ 

trtīyamaparaṃ nāsti yanna viparyaya: syāt | yadā ca aviparyāso nāsti, tadā kimapekṡo 

viparyāsa: syāditi | tasmādamunāpi nyāyena nāsti viparyaya: | tasyābhāvācca 

nāstyavidyā svarūpata: | yathā ca anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyāso na saṃbhavati, 

evaṃ śeṡaviparyāsāsaṃbhave’pi yojyam | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryadrḍhāśayapariprcchāyām—

bhagavānāha—kimetat kulaputra tasya bhavati yo mārgeṇa ni:saraṇaṃ paryeṡate ? na 

kulaputra tathāgatena rañjanīyān dharmān parivarjya rāgaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam, evaṃ na doṡaṇīyān 

mohanīyān dharmān parivarjya tathāgatena doṡamohaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam | tat kasmāddheto: ? 

na kulaputra tathāgatā: kasyaciddharmasya utsargāya vā pratilambhāya vā dharmaṃ deśayanti na 

parijñāyai na prahāṇāya na sākṡātkriyāyai nābhisamayāya na saṃsāracaraṇatāyai na nirvāṇa- 

gamanatāyai notkṡepāya na prabhedāya | na hi kulaputra dvayaprabhāvitā tathāgatadharmatā | tatra 

ye dvaye caranti, na te samyakprayuktā: | mithyāprayuktāste vaktavyā: | katamacca kulaputra 

dvayam ? ahaṃ rāgaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ dveṡaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ 

mohaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ye evaṃprayuktā:, na te samyakprayuktā: | mithyāprayuktāste 

veditavyā: || 

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṡo māyākāranāṭake pratyupasthite māyākāra- 

nirmitāṃ striyaṃ drṡṭvā rāgacittamutpādayet | sa rāgaparītacitta: parṡacchāradyabhayena utthāyā- 

sanādapakramet | so’pakramya tāmeva striyamaśubhato manasi kuryādanityato du:khata: śūnyato- 

‘nātmato manasi kuryāt | bhagavānāha—evameva kulaputra ihaike bhikṡubhikṡuṇyupāsako- 

pāsikā draṡṭavyā:, ye’nutpannān dharmānajātānaśubhato manasi kurvanti, anityato du:khato- 

‘nātmato manasi kurvanti | nāhaṃ teṡāṃ mohapuruṡāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyā- 

prayuktāste veditavyā: || 

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṡa: sputa: svapnāntare svagrhe rājabhāryāṃ 

paśyet | sa tayā sārdhaṃ śayyāṃ kalpayet | smrtisaṃmoṡāccaivaṃ kalpayet—viruddho’smīti | 

sa bhītastrasta: palāyet, mā māṃ rājā vidhyet, sa mā māṃ jīvitād vyavaropayet | 

tat kiṃ manyase kulaputra api nu sa puruṡo bhītasrasta: palāyamānastato rājabhāryānidāna- 

bhayātparimucyeta ? āha-no bhagavan | tatkasya heto: ? tathā hi bhagavaṃstena puruṡeṇa 

astriyāṃ strīsaṃjñā utpāditā, abhūtaṃ ca parikalpitam | bhagavānāha-evameva kulaputra 

@228

ihaike bhikṡubhikṡuṇyupāsakopāsikā draṡṭvyā:, ye arāge rāgasaṃjñāmutpādya rāgabhayabhītā 

rāgani:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante | evamadoṡe doṡasaṃjñāmutpādya doṡabhayabhītā doṡani:saraṇaṃ parye- 

ṡante | amohe mohasaṃjñāmutpādya mohabhayabhītā mohani:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante | nāhaṃ teṡāṃ 

mohapuruṡāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyā: || 

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra sa puruṡa: abhaye bhayasaṃjñāmutpādayedasatsamāropeṇa | evameva 

kulaputra sarvabālaprthagjanā rāgakoṭiṃ virāgakoṭimaprajānanto rāgakoṭibhayabhītā 

virāgakoṭiṃ ni:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante | doṡakoṭimakiṃcanakoṭimaprajānanto doṡakoṭibhayabhītā 

akiṃcanakoṭiṃ ni:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante | mohakoṭiṃ śūnyatākoṭimaprajānanto mohakoṭibhaya- 

bhītā: śūnyatākoṭiṃ ni:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante | nāhaṃ teṡāṃ kulaputra mohapuruṡāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ 

vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyā: || iti vistara: ||14|| 

atrāha-yadyapi anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyayo na saṃbhavati, tathāpi eṡa 

tāvat grāho’sti | grāhaśca nāma saṃgrahaṇaṃ bhāvarūpa: | tasya ca avaśyaṃ sādhanena karaṇena 

bhavitavyaṃ sādhakatamena{1. ##T om.## sādhakatamena.}nityavādinā | kartrā ca bhavitavyaṃ svatantreṇa{2. ##T om.## svatantreṇa ##and## nitya.} nityātmanā 

cittena vā | karmaṇā{3. ##Mss.## rūpādina vāra ##for## karmaṇā ca…rūpādinā ##which reading is based on T.##} ca karturīpsitatamena viṡayeṇa rūpādinā | satyāṃ ca bhāvakaraṇa- 

kartrkarmaṇāṃ siddhau sarvasiddheriṡṭasiddhi: syādasmākamiti | ucyate | alīkeyaṃ pratyāśā | 

nanu ca yathopavarṇitena nyāyena—

yena grhṇāti yo grāho grahītā yacca grhyate | 

upaśāntāni sarvāṇi tasmād grāho na vidyate ||15|| 

iha hi kaścid grahītā yena viśeṡeṇa nityavādinā karaṇabhūtena kiṃcit karma- 

bhūtaṃ rūpaśabdādikaṃ vastu grhṇāti, tadyathā na saṃbhavati tathā pūrvaṃ pratipāditam | kathaṃ 

krtvā ? 

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyaya: | 

[ma^ śā^ 23.13-14]

ityādinā yathā nityatvādikaṃ karaṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipāditam | grahītāpi yathā 

nāsti, tathā- 

ātmano’stitvanāstitve na kathaṃcicca sidhyata: | 

[ma^ śā^-23.3] 

ityanena pratipāditam | yacca grhyate tadapi nāsti tathā- 

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalā: | 

[ma^ śā^-23.7] 

@229

 

ityanena pratipāditam | yadā caivaṃ kartrkaraṇakarmāṇi na siddhāni, tadā kuto nirhetuko 

grāho bhaviṡyati ? tataśca—

yena grhṇāti yo grāho grahītā yacca grhyate | 

upaśāntāni sarvāṇi 

svabhāvena anutpannatvānnirvrtāni sarvāṇītyartha: | yataśca evamevam—

tasmād grāho na vidyate || 

atha vā pratyayaparīkṡādibhi: prakaraṇairyasmāt sarveṡāmeva karaṇakartrkarmaṇāṃ sarvathā- 

nutpāda: pratipādita:, tasmāt sarvāṇyetāni bhāvasvarūpavirahādupaśāntāni | ataśca grāho 

na vidyate ||15|| 

atrāha-vidyanta eva viparyayā:, viparītasadbhāvāt | iha hi viparyāsānugato 

devadatto nāma vidyate | na ca vinā viparyāsai: sa viparyāsānugata: saṃbhavati | tasmāt 

santi viparyāsā: viparyastasadbhāvāditi | ucyate | iha asmābhi: karaṇakartrkarmaṇāma- 

bhāvāt sarvathā grāha eva nāstīti pratipāditam | tataśca—

avidyamāne grāhe ca mithyā vā samyageva vā | 

bhavedviparyaya: kasya bhavetkasyāviparyaya: ||16|| 

samyagvā mithyā vā kasyacit kiṃcidapyagrhṇata: kuto viparītatvamaviparītatvaṃ 

veti | tasmānna santi viparyayā: ||16|| 

api ca | ime viparyayā: kasyacidiṡyamāṇā: viparītasya parikalpyeran, avi- 

parītasya vā, viparyasyamānasya vā ? sarvathā ca nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha—

na cāpi viparītasya saṃbhavanti viparyayā: | 

na cāpyaviparītasya saṃbhavanti viparyayā: ||17|| 

na viparyasyamānasya saṃbhavanti viparyayā: | 

vimrśasva svayaṃ kasya saṃbhavanti viparyayā: ||18|| 

tatra tāvadviparītasya viparyayā na saṃbhavanti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt, yo hi 

viparīta:, sa viparīta eva | kiṃ tasya punarapi viparyasaṃbandha: kuryāt ? niṡprayojana- 

tvāt | aviparītasyāpi viparyayā na yujyante, vibuddhabuddhinayanānāmapi ajñānanidrāti- 

miropaśamād buddhānāṃ viparyayaprasaṅgāt || tathā viparyasyamānasyāpi na santi viparyayā:, 

viparyasyamānasya bhāvasya abhāvāt | ko hi nāma asāvapara: padārtha:, yo viparītāvipa- 

rītavinirmukto viparyasyamāno nāma bhaviṡyati ? ardhaviparīto viparyasyamāna iti cet, 

ardhaviparīto hi nāma yasya kiṃcidviparītaṃ kiṃcidaviparītam | tatra yadasya kiṃci- 

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dviparītaṃ tadviparyāso na viparyāsayati, viparyastatvāt | yadapyasya aviparītam, tadapi 

viparyāso na viparyāsayati, aviparyastatvāt | tasmādviparyasyamānasyāpi kasyacidvi- 

paryāsā na saṃbhavanti | yadā caivaṃ viparītāviparītaviparyasyamānā na saṃbhavanti, 

bhavānidānīṃ vimrśatu svayaṃ prajñayā madhyastha: san kasya saṃbhavanti viparyāsā iti | 

tadevamāśrayasyābhāvānna santi viparyayā: ||17-18|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

anutpannā: kathaṃ nāma bhaviṡyanti viparyayā: | 

viparyayeṡvajāteṡu viparyayagata: kuta: ||19|| 

tatra 

na svato jāyate bhāva: parato naiva jāyate | 

na svata: parataśceti viparyayagata: kuta: ||20|| 

kuto viparīta ityartha: | tataśca yaduktam-santi viparyayā: viparyayagatasadbhāvā- 

diti, tanna yuktam ||19-20|| 

yasyāpi kathaṃcidviparyāsacatuṡṭayamastyevetyabhyupagamyate, tathāpi tasya viparītatva- 

maśakyamāsthātum | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt—

ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca sukhaṃ ca yadi vidyate | 

ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca sukhaṃ ca na viparyaya: ||21|| 

yadi etāni ātmaśucinityasukhāni viparyāsā iti vyavasthāpyante, kimetāni 

santi, atha na santi ? yadi vidyante, na tarhi viparyāsā:, vidyamānatvādanātmā- 

divat ||21|| 

atha na vidyante, tadā eṡāmavidyamānatvānna kevalaṃ nāsti viparyāsatvam, 

viparyāsapratibandhyabhāvādanātmādīnāmapi aviparyāsādīnāṃ nāsti sadbhāva iti 

pratipādayannāha—

nātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca sukhaṃ ca yadi vidyate | 

anātmāśucyanityaṃ ca naiva du:khaṃ ca vidyate ||22|| 

yadi ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca na vidyate iti manyase, viparyāsāsaṃbhavāt, evaṃ 

sati ātmādīnāmapyabhāvād yadi etadanātmādikamaviparyāsatvena grhītam, tadapi tarhi 

tyajyatām, pratiṡedhyābhāve pratiṡedhasyābhāvāt | yadā caivamanātmādikaṃ na saṃbhavati, 

tadā tadapi svarūpato’vidyamānatvāt ātmādivat kathaṃ na viparyāsa: syāt ? tasmāt 

jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāracārakāgārabandhanānmumukṡubhiraṡṭāvapyete viparyāsāstyājyā: ||22|| 

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asya ca yathopavarṇitaviparyāsavicārasya avidyādiprahāṇahetutvena mahārthatāṃ 

pratipādayannāha—

evaṃ nirudhyate’vidyā viparyayanirodhanāt | 

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate ||23|| 

yadā ayaṃ yogī yathoditena nyāyena viparyāsān nopalabhate, tadā evaṃ viparyā- 

sānupalambhanena taddhetukā avidyā nirudhyate | tannirodhācca saṃskārādaya: avidyāhetukā 

jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasyopāyāsaparyantā dharmā nirudhyante || 

avidyā hi sakalasyaiva saṃkleśagaṇasya jātyādidu:khasya ca hetubhūtā | yathā hi 

kāyendriyahetukāni sarvāṇi rūpīndriyāṇi kāyendriye nirudhyamāne nirudhyante, evama- 

vidyāhetukāni saṃskārādīni bhavāṅgāni pravartamānāni niyatamavidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ 

nirudhyante iti pratipādayannāha- 

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate || iti || 

atrāha—yadi viparyāsanirodhādavidyā nirudhyate, asti tarhi avidyā yasyā 

evaṃ viparyāsanirodhānnirodho bhavati | na tarhi avidyamānāyā gaganacūtalatāyā: 

prahāṇopāyānveṡaṇamasti | tasmādvidyate eva avidyā, tannirodhopāyānveṡaṇasadbhāvāt | 

tataśca santi taddhetukā rāgādaya: kleśā: | kleśasadbhāvācca astyeva saṃsāre{1. ##T om.## saṃsāre.} 
bhavasaṃtati: | ucyate | atra hi nāma atimahadanarthapāṇḍityaṃ parasya, yo{2. ##T reads## : yo hi nāma sādhubhi: parārthodayasaṃbaddhakakṡai:
prajñopāyabalairni:śeṡaṃ mahākleśaviṡavrkṡaṃ sarvātmanā du:khamunmūlyamānai: ##for## yo hi…nmūlyamānai:.} hi nāma 
sarvātmanā atyantadu:khāyāsakleśāsamañjase 
saṃsāre nirantaraphullaphalapradasaṃkleśaviṡavrkṡe 
parārthodayasaṃbaddhakakṡai: sādhubhi: prajñopāyamahānibalairni:śeṡaṃ tadunmūlyamānairna kevalaṃ na 
sāhāyyenāvatiṡṭhante, api{3. ##T reads## : api khalu tadunmūlakānāmativirodhitayāvasthita āhopuruṡikayā tasya mahā-

kleśaviṡavrkṡasyārohaṇamādriyate ##for## api…driyate |} khalu tadunmūlakānāmatimahānilabalānāmiva bhāvasadbhāva- 

vādamahāśailāyamāna ivātivirodhitayā avasthito bhavān āhopuruṡikayā tasyaiva 

kleśaviṡavrkṡasya jātijarāmaraṇaśokāyāsavisaradu:khaikaphalasya sutarāṃ bhāvābhiniveśa- 

toyāsravairāropaṇamādriyate || 

api ca | yadi avidyādīnāṃ saṃkleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavet, syāt tatprahāṇopāyā- 

nveṡaṇam | na ca teṡāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavati | yadi syāt, tadā tattvarūpato vidyamānānāṃ 

vā syāt, avidyamānānāṃ vā ? kiṃ cāta: ? tatra yadi svarūpata: sadbhūtānāṃ kleśānāṃ 

prahāṇamiṡyate, tannopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt—

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yadi bhūtā: svabhāvena kleśā: keciddhi kasyacit | 

kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran ka: svabhāvaṃ prahāsyati ||24|| 

svabhāvato vidyamānānāṃ bhāvānāṃ na śakya: svabhāvo vinivartayitum | na hi 

kṡityādīnāṃ kaṭhinatvādisvabhāvo nivartate | evaṃ yadi ime kleśā: svabhāvata: sadbhūtā: 

syu: | kecidityavidyādaya: | kasyaciditi pudgalasya | kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran ? naiva 

te kasyacit kathaṃcinnām prahīyeran | kasmātpuna: n ate prahīyante ityāha-ka: svabhāvaṃ 

prahāsyatīti | svabhāvasya vinivartayitumaśakyatvāt | ākāśānāvaraṇavinivartanā- 

saṃbhavavadityabhiprāya: ||24|| 

atha svabhāvena asadbhūtā iti vikalpyate, evamapi prahāṇāsaṃbhava evetyāha—

yadyabhūtā: svabhāvena kleśā: keciddhi kasyacit | 

kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran ko’sadbhāvaṃ prahāsyati ||25|| 

abhūtā api kleśā: svabhāvena avidyamānā: aśakyā eva prahātum | na hi 

agne: śaityamasaṃvidyamānaṃ śakyamapākartum | evamime’pi kleśā: kecid yadi kasyacit 

svabhāvato na vidyante, kastān prahāsyati ? naiva kaścit prahāsyati | tadevamubhayapakṡe’pi 

prahāṇāsaṃbhavānnāsti prahāṇaṃ kleśānām | prahāṇābhāvācca kuta: kleśaprahāṇopāyānveṡaṇa- 

miti | ato yaduktam—vidyanta eva avidyādaya: kleśā:, tatprahāṇopāyānveṡaṇāditi, 

tadayuktamiti | yathoktamāryasamādhirāje{1. ##T om. the quotation upto## jānatha sarvadharmān.}—

yo rajyeta, yatra vā rajyeta, yena vā rajyeta | yo duṡyeta, yatra vā duṡyeta, yena vā

duṡyeta | yo muhyeta, yatra vā muhyeta, yena vā muhyeta | sa taṃ dharmaṃ na samanupaśyati, taṃ dharmaṃ 

nopalabhate | sa taṃ dharmasamanupaśyan anupalabhamāno’rakto’duṡṭo’mūḍho’viparyastacitta: 

samāhita ityucyate | tīrṇa: pāraga ityucyate | kṡemaprāpta ityucyate || iti vistara: | 

[samādhirājasūtra—9] 

tathā- 

ādarśaprṡṭhe tatha tailapātre 

nirīkṡate nārimukhaṃ svalaṃkrtam | 

so tatra rāgaṃ janayitva bālo 

pradhāvito kāmi gaveṡamāṇo || 

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mukhasya saṃkrānti yadā na vidyate 

bimbe mukhaṃ naiva kadāci labhyate | 

mūḍho yathā so janayeta rāgaṃ 

tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || ityādi | 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.10-11] 

tathā- 

rūpeṇa darśitā bodhī bodhaye rūpa darśitam | 

viṡabhāgena śabdena uttaro dharmu deśita: || 

śabdena uttaraṃ rūpaṃ gambhīraṃ ca svabhāvata: | 

samaṃ rūpaṃ ca bodhiśca nānātvaṃ na sa labhyate || 

yathā nirvāṇu gambhīraṃ śabdena saṃprakāśitam | 

labhyate na ca nirvāṇaṃ sa ca śabdo na labhyate || 

śabdaścāpi nirvāṇaṃ ca ubhayaṃ tanna labhyate | 

evaṃ śūnyeṡu dharmeṡu nirvāṇaṃ saṃprakāśitam || 

nirvāṇaṃ nivrttireva nirvāṇaṃ ca na labhyate | 

apravrttirhi dharmāṇāṃ yathā paścāttathā purā || 

sarvadharmā: svabhāvena nirvāṇasamasādrśā: | 

jñātā naiṡkramyasārehi ye yuktā buddhabodhaye || 

[samādhirājasūtra-24.1-6] 

tathā- 

jñānena jānāmyahu skandhaśūnyatāṃ 

jñātvā ca kleśehi na saṃvasāmi | 

vyāhāramātreṇa hi vyāharāmi 

parinirvrto lokamimaṃ carāmi || 

[samādhirājasūtra-6.12] 

tathā- 

{1. ##T om. this stanza,##} parinirvrta loki te śūrā 

yehi svabhāvata jñātimi dharmā: | 

kāmaguṇairhi caranti asaṅgā: 

saṅgu vivarjiya sattva vinenti || 

iti ||25|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

viparyāsaparīkṡā nāma trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

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24

āryasatyaparīkṡā cartuviśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |
atrāha—

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyaya: | 

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaste prasajyate ||1|| 

yadi yuktyā nopapadyate iti krtvā sarvamidaṃ bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ bhāvajātaṃ śūnya—

miti pratipāditam, nanu ca evaṃ sati bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṡā bhavata āpadyante | kathaṃ 

krtvā ? yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ syāt, tadā yacchūnyaṃ tannāsti, yacca nāsti, tadavidyamāna- 

tvād vandhyāputravannaivotpadyate na cāpi nirudhyate, iti na kasyacitpadārthasya udayo vyayaśca | 

tadabhāvācca caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāva: te śūnyavādina: prasajyate | kathaṃ krtvā ? iha hi 

pūrvahetujanitā: pratītyasamutpannā: pañcopādānaskandhā: du:khadu:khatayā vipariṇāmadu:khatayā 

saṃskāradu:khatayā ca pratikūlavartitvācca pīḍātmakatvena du:khamityucyate | etacca du:kha- 

māryā eva viparyāsaprahāṇe sati du:khamiti saṃjānate, na anāryā:, viparyāsānugatatvāt, 

yathādarśanaṃ ca padārthasvabhāvavyavasthānāt | yathā hi viparyaṃstendriyāṇāṃ madhurasvabhāvamapi 

guḍaśarkarādikaṃ tiktatayā upalabhamānānāṃ jvarādirogāturāṇāṃ tiktataiva satyaṃ tajjñānā- 

pekṡayā, na mādhuryam, tenātmanā tasya vastuno’nupalabhyamānatvāt, evamihāpi yadyapi 

pañcopādānaskandhā du:khasvabhāvā bhavanti, tathāpi ye etān du:khātmakān paśyanti, 

teṡāmeva du:khaṃ vyavasthāpyate, na viparyāsānugamādanyathopalabhamānānāmiti | ata: 

āryāṇāmeva du:khātmatā{1. ##T## du:khātmatayā ##for## du:khātmatā.} satyamiti krtvā du:khamāryasatyamityucyate | nanu ca anāryaidu:khā 

vedanā du:khamiti paricchidyate iti, evaṃ tatkathaṃ du:khamāryāṇāmeva satyam ? satyam | 

na hi du:khaiva vedanā kevalaṃ du:khasatyam, kiṃ tarhi pañcāpyupādānaskandhā:, ityata: āryā- 

ṇāmeva tat satyamiti krtvā āryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate | yathoktam—

ūrṇāpakṡma yathaiva hi karatalasaṃsthaṃ na vi(ve ?)dyate puṃbhi: | 

akṡigataṃ tu tadeva hi janayatyaratiṃ ca pīḍāṃ ca || 

karatalasadrśo bālo na vetti saṃskāradu:khatāpakṡma | 

akṡisadrśastu vidvān tenaivodvejate gāḍham || iti | 

tasmādāryāṇāmeva taddu:khasatyamiti du:khamāryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate || 

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kadā ca taddu:khamāryasatyaṃ yujyate ? yadā saṃskārāṇāmudayavyayau saṃbhavata: |yadā 

tu śūnyatvānna kiṃcidutpadyate nāpi kiṃcinnirudhyate, tadā nāsti du:kham || 

asati ca du:khe kuta: samudayasatyam ? yato hi hetordu:kham, samudeti samutpadyate 

sa hetu: trṡṇākarmakleśalakṡaṇa: samudaya ityucyate |yadā tu phalabhūtaṃ du:khasatyaṃ nāsti, 

tadā phalarahitasya hetukatvānupapatte: samudayo’pi nāsti || 

du:khasya ca vigama: apunarutpāda: nirodha ityucyate | yadā tu du:khameva nāsti, 

tadā kasya nirodha: syāditi ? ato du:khanirodho’pi na saṃbhavati | asati hi du:khe 

nirodhasatyasyāpyabhāva:| asati ca du:khanirodhe kuto du:khanirodhagāminī āryāṡṭāṅga- 

mārgānugā pratipad bhaviṡyatīti mārgasatyamapi nāstīti | tadevaṃ śūnyatvaṃ bhāvānāṃ bruvata: 

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāva: prasajyate ||1|| 

tataśca ko doṡa iti ? ucyate—

parijñā ca prahāṇaṃ ca bhāvanā sākṡikarma ca | 

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvānnopapadyate ||2|| 

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaprasaṅge sati yadetadanityādibhirākārairdu:khasatyaparijñānaṃ 

du:khasamudayasya ca prahāṇaṃ du:khanirodhagāminyāśca pratipado bhāvanā du:khanirodhasya ca 

sākṡikarma sākṡātkaraṇam, tannopapadyate ||2|| 

yadi du:khādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve sati parijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā ko doṡa 

iti ?ucyate—

tadabhāvānna vidyante catvāryāryaphalāni ca | 

phalābhāve phalasthā no na santi pratipannakā: ||3|| 

saṃgho nāsti na cetsanti te’ṡṭau puruṡapudgalā: | 

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo’pi na vidyate ||4|| 

dharma cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṡyati | 

yadā caivaṃ du:khaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā, asminnasati srotaāpattisakrdā- 

gāmyanāgāmyarhatphalākhyaṃ phalacatuṡṭayaṃ nopapadyate | kathaṃ krtvā? iha kleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ 

saṃpiṇḍitaṃ phalākhyaṃ pratilabhate | tadyathā-saṃyojanatrayaprahāṇe sati ṡoḍaśe mārge anvaya- 

jñānakṡaṇe yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tat srotaāpattiphalam | kāmāvacarāṇāṃ bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ 

kleśānāmadhimātramadhyamrdūnāṃ prakārāṇāṃ punaradhimātramadhyamrduprakārabhedena pratyekaṃ bhidya- 

mānānāṃ nava prakārā bhavanti | tatra kāmāvacaraṡaṡṭhakleśaprakāraparikṡaye vimuktimārge yat 

prahāṇaṃ tat sakrdāgāmiphalam | teṡāmeva kāmāvacarāṇāṃ navamaprakārakleśaparikṡaye 

@236

vimuktimārge yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tadanāgāmiphalam | rūpārūpyāvacarāṇāṃ kleśānāṃ bhāvanā- 

prahātavyānāṃ bhūmau bhūmau navaprakārabhedebhinnānāṃ yāvannaivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanabhūmikanavama- 

kleśaprakāraparikṡaye vimuktimārge yat prahāṇaṃ tadarhatphalam | ityetāni catvāri phalāni | 

tānyetāni kathaṃ yujyante ? du:khasya parijñānaṃ saṃbhavati, samudayasya prahāṇam, nirodhasya 

sākṡātkaraṇam, āryamārgasya ca bhāvanā bhavati | yadā tu du:khādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve 

sati du:khaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā na santi tāni catvāri phalāni | caturṇāṃ ca 

phalānāmabhāve sati ye teṡu vyavasthitā: phalasthāścatvāra āryapudgalā:, te na santi | 

ata eva ca pratipannakā api catvāra āryapudgalā na saṃvidyante || 

iha hi ṡoḍaśāt mārge’nvayajñānakṡaṇāt pūrve ye pañcadaśa kṡāntijñānakṡaṇā:, 

tadyathā-traidhātukadu:khābhisamaye du:khasatyālambanāścatvāra: kṡāntijñānakṡaṇā: | tatra katame 

traidhātukadu:khābhisamaye catvāra: kṡāntijñānakṡaṇā: ? tadyathā-kāmāvacaradu:khadarśana- 

prahātavyasatkāyāntagrāhamithyādrṡṭidrṡṭiparāmarśaśīlavrataparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamā- 

nāvidyākhyadaśānuśayapratipakṡa: anityadu:khaśūnyānātmākārotpanna: kāmāvacaradū:khasatyā- 

lambana: ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: du:khe dharmajñānakṡāntikṡaṇa: eka: | tadālambanākāra eva ca 

vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa: du:khe dharmajñānakṡaṇa: dvitīya: | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacaradu:khasatyālambana: 

pratighavarjitānantaroktāṡṭādaśānuśayapratipakṡa: du:khādyākārotpanna: ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: 

du:khe anvayajñānakṡāntikṡaṇastrtīya: | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa: 

du:khe’nvayajñānakṡaṇaścaturtha: || 

yathā caite traidhātukāvacaradu:khasatyābhisamaye kṡāntijñānakṡaṇāścatvāra:, evaṃ 

kāmāvacarasamudayadarśanaprahātavyamithyādrṡṭiparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamānāvidyā-

khyasaptānuśayapratipakṡa: hetusamudayaprabhavapratyayākārotpanna: kāmāvacarasamudayasatyālambana:

ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: samudaye dharmajñānakṡāntikṡaṇa: eka: | tadālambanākāra eva ca 

vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa:samudaye dharmajñānakṡaṇo dvitīya: | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacarasamudayasatyā- 

lambana: pratighavarjitānantaroktadvādaśānuśayapratipakṡa: samudayasatyākārotpanna: ānantarya- 

mārgalakṡaṇa: samudaye’nvayajñānakṡāntikṡaṇastrtīya: | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimukti- 

mārgalakṡaṇa: samudaye’nvayajñānakṡaṇaścaturtha: | ityete traidhātukāvacaradu:khasamudayasatyābhi- 

samaye catvāra: kṡaṇā: || 

yathā caite catvāra: kṡaṇā: traidhātukadu:khasamudayasatyābhisamaye, evaṃ kāmāvacara- 

du:khanirodhadarśanaprahātavyasamudayoktasaptānuśayapratipakṡa: nirodhaśāntapraṇītani:saraṇā- 

kārotpanna: kāmāvacaradu:khanirodhasatyālambana:ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: nirodhe dharmajñāna- 

kṡāntikṡaṇa: eka: | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa: nirodhe dharmajñānakṡaṇa: 

dvitīya: |etaireva ākārai: rūpārūpyāvacaradu:khanirodhasatyālambana: pratighavarjitadvādaśā- 

@237

nuśayapratipakṡa: ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: nirodhe anvayajñānakṡāntikṡaṇastrtīya: | tadālamba- 

nākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa: nirodhe anvayajñānakṡaṇaścaturtha: | ityete traidhātukā- 

vacaradu:khanirodhasatyābhisamaye catvāra: kṡaṇā:|| 

evaṃ kāmāvacaradu:khanirodhagāmimārgadarśanaprahātavyanirodhoktānuśayeṡu śīlavrata- 

parāmarśamaṡṭamaṃ prakṡipya aṡṭānuśayapratipakṡa: mārganyāyapratipannairyāṇikākārotpanna: 

kāmāvacaradu:khanirodhagāmimārgālambana: ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇa: mārge dharmajñānakṡāntikṡaṇa: 

eka: | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṡaṇa: mārge dharmajñānakṡaṇa: dvitīya: | etai- 

revākārai: rūpārūpyāvacaradu:khanirodhagāmimārgālambana: pratighavarjitacaturdaśānuśayaprati- 

pakṡa: ānantaryamārgalakṡaṇo mārge’nvayajñānakṡāntikṡaṇa: trtīya: | ityete pañcadaśa kṡaṇā: 

darśanamārgābhidhānā:|| 

evaṃ vyavasthita: ārya: srotaāpattiphalasākṡātkriyāyai pratipannaka: ityucyate | 

ṡoḍaśe tu mārge’nvayajñānasthita: sa srotaāpanna ityucyate || 

ta ete aṡṭāśītiranuśayā: satyānāṃ darśanamātreṇa bhāvanāmanapekṡyaiva prahīyante 

iti krtvā darśanaprahātavyā ityucyate | yathādrṡṭasatyākārabhāvanayā tu ye paścātprahīyante 

te bhāvanāprahātavyā:| te ca daśānuśayā bhavanti | kāmāvacarā rāgapratighamānāvidyā: | 

rūpāvacarā eva pratighavarjitāstraya: | ārūpyāvacarāśca traya: ete eveti daśa bhavanti | 

ete ca yathoktena nyāyena bhūmau bhūmau navadhā bhidyante, kāmadhātau caturṡu dhyāneṡu, caturṡvā- 

rūpyeṡu | ekaikasya ca kleśaprakārasya prahāṇārthamānantaryavimuktimārgabhedena dvau dvau jñānakṡaṇau 

vyavasthāpyete kleśakṡaṇaviparyayeṇa| adhimātrādhimātro hi kleśaprakāra: mrdumrdubhyāmā- 

nantaryavimuktimārgābhyāṃ prahīyate | yāvanmrdumrdukleśaprakāro’dhimātrādhimātrābhyāṃ jñāna- 

kṡaṇābhyāṃ prahīyate | sthūlaṃ hi malamalpaprayatnasādhyam’ sūkṡmaṃ tu mahāyatnasādhyaṃ {1. ##Mss. om.## ^sādhyaṃ ##which is supplled from T.##} rajaka- 
vastradhāvanasādharmyeṇeti vijñeyam || 

tatra darśanamārgādūrdhvaṃ kāmāvacarabhāvanāprahātavyaṡaṡṭhakleśaprakārapratipakṡavimukti- 

mārgākhyajñānakṡaṇādarvāg jñānakṡaṇāvasthita: ārya: sakrdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | 

sakrdimaṃ lokamāgatya parinirvāṇāt sakrdāgāmītyucyate, tatphalārthaṃ pratipannaka: prayogastha: 

sakrdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | ṡaṡṭhe tu kṡaṇe sakrdāgāmītyucyata || 

ṡaṡṭhāt kṡaṇādūrdhvaṃ navamakleśaprakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṡaṇādarvāgjñānakṡaṇeṡu varta- 

māna: ārya: anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | anāgatya imaṃ lokaṃ tatraiva parinirvā- 

ṇādanāgāmītyucyate |tatphalārthaṃ pratipannaka: prayogastha: anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityu- 

cyate | navame tu kṡaṇe anāgāmītyucyate || 

@238

kāmāvacaranavamavimuktamārgakṡaṇādūrdhvaṃ naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñātayanabhūmikanavamakleśa- 

prakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṡaṇādarvāgjñānakṡaṇeṡu vartamāna: ārya: arhatphalapratipannaka: 

ityucyate | sadevamānuṡāsurāllokāt pūjārhatvādarhannityucyate | tatphalārthaṃ pratipannaka: 

prayogastha: arhatphalapratipannaka: ityucyate | bhavāgrikanavamakleśaprakāraprahāṇāttu navama- 

vimuktimārge vyavasthita: arhan bhavati || 

ta ete catvāra: pratipannakā: pudgalā:, catvāraśca phalasthā: ityete aṡṭau mahā- 

puruṡapudgalā bhavanti | paramadakṡiṇārhā uktā bhagavatā |yathoktaṃ sūtre- 

prṡṭa: sa devarājena śakreṇa vaśavartinā | 

krṡatāṃ yajamānānāṃ prāṇināṃ puṇyakāṅkṡiṇām ||
 

kurvatāṃ śraddhaddadhānānāṃ puṇyamaupadhikaṃ sadā | 

sukṡetraṃ te pravakṡyāmi yatra dattaṃ mahatphalam || 

pratipannakāścatvāraścatvāraśca phalasthitā: | 

eṡa saṃgho dakṡiṇīyo vidyācaraṇasaṃpadā ||iti| 

yadi catvāri āryasatyāni na santi teṡāṃ ca parijñānāni, tadā satyadarśana- 

bhāvanālabhyānāṃ phalānāmabhāvāt pratipannakaphalasthapudgalānāmabhāva eva | ataśca saṃgho 

nāsti | tatra adhigamadharmeṇa pratyakṡadharmatayā sarvamārairapi buddhe bhagavati abhedyatvādavetya 

prasādalābhena saṃgha:, san a syāt | na cet santi te’ṡṭau puruṡapudgalā: || 

āryasatyānāṃ ca abhāvāt saddharmo’pi na saṃbhavati | satāmāryāṇāṃ dharma: saddharma: | 

tatra nirodhasatya phaladharma:, mārgasatyaṃ tu phalāvatāradharma: |eṡa tāvadadhigamadharma: | tatsaṃ- 

prakāśikā deśanā āgamadharma: | sarva eṡa āryasatyānāmabhāve sati nāstīti—

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo’pi na vidyate | 

dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṡyati || 

yadi hi yathokto dharma: syāt, tadā taddharmapratipattyā {1. ##T## dharmānudharmapratipattyā ##for## taddharmaprati^.} sarvākārasarvadharmābhisaṃbodhād 

buddho bhavatīti yuktaṃ syāt | yadi ca saṃgha: syāt, tadā tadupadeśairupacīyamānajñānasaṃbhāra: 

taddānamānaśaraṇagamanādibhiśca upacīyamānapuṇyasaṃbhāra: kramād buddho bhavet || 

atha vā | asati saṃghe srotaāpattiphalapratipannakādīnāmabhāva: syāt | na ca 

pratipannakāditvamaprāpya buddhatvamāpyate | avaśyaṃ hi pūrvaṃ bhagavatā kasmiṃścit phale 

vyavasthātavyam | tatra ca phale vyavasthita: saṃghānta:pātyeva bhagavān bhavati | saṃghe 

cāsati niyataṃ nāsti bhagavān buddha: | atha bhagavānapi aśaikṡāntarbhāvāt saṃghāntargata 

eva | tathā ca buddhapramukho bhikṡusaṃgha: ityabhidhānāt saṃghāntargata eva bhagavān iti 

kecidvarṇayanti | teṡāṃ matena spaṡṭamevaitat—

@239

dharma cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṡyati | iti | 

madhyoddeśikāśca mahāvastūpadiṡṭabhūmivyavasthayā prathamabhūmisthitaṃ bodhisattva- 

mutpannadarśanamārgaṃ vyācakṡāṇā: saṃghānta:pātinaṃ vyācakṡate | tadā saṃghe cāsati bodhi- 

sattvo’pi nāstīti kathaṃ buddho bhaviṡyatīti spaṡṭamevaitat | tad—

evaṃ trīṇyapi ratnāni bruvāṇa: pratibādhase ||5|| 

śūnyatāmityevaṃ vadan buddhadharmasaṃghākhyāni trīṇyapi durlabhatvāt kadācideva 

utpattita: alpapuṇyānāṃ ca tadaprāpte: mahārghamūlyatvād ratnāni pratibādhase ||5|| 

kiṃ cānyat—
śūnyatāṃ phalasadbhāvamadharmaṃ dharmameva ca | 
sarvasaṃvyavahārāṃśca laukikān pratibādhase ||6|| 
śūnyatāṃ bruvāṇa ityanena saṃbandha: | yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyam, yadā sarvameva nāsti, 

tadā sarvānta:pātitvāt dharmādharmau saha taddhetukena iṡṭāniṡṭaphalena na saṃbhavata: | sarvaṃ eva 

cāmī laukikā vyavahārā:-kuru, paca, khāda, tiṡṭha, gaccha, āgaccha ityevamādayo’pi 

sarvāntargatatvāt sarvadharmāṇāṃ ca śūnyatvānnaiva yujyante iti | ato nāyaṃ yathopavarṇito 

nyāyo jyāyāniti ||6|| 

atra brūma: śūnyatāyāṃ na tvaṃ vetsi prayojanam | 

śūnyatāṃ śūnyatārthaṃ ca tata evaṃ vihanyase ||7|| 

sa bhavān svavikalpanayaiva nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārtha ityevaṃ viparītamadhyāropya “yadi 

sarvamidaṃ śūnyamudayo nāsti na vyaya:” ityādinopālambhaṃ bruvāṇo’smāsu mahāntaṃ 

khedamāpanno’tīva vihanyate | vividhairbhūtai: parikalpairhanyate ityartha: | na tvayamasmābhiratra 

śāstre śūnyatārtha upavarṇito yastvayā parigrhīta:, śūnyatārthaṃ cājānāna: śūnyatāmapi 

na jānāsi | na cāpi śūnyatāyāṃ yatprayojanaṃ tadvijānāsi | tataśca yathāvasthitavastu- 

svarūpāparijñānena etat tvayā bahu cāyuktamasmadvyākhyānāsaṃbaddhamevopavarṇitam || 

atha kiṃ puna: śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanam ? uktameva tadātmaparīkṡāyām—

karmakleśakṡayānmokṡa: karmakleśā vikalpata: | 

te prapañcātprapañcastu śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate ||iti| 

[ma^ śā^-18.5] 

ato niravaśeṡaprapañcopaśarmārthaṃ śūnyatopadiśyate, tasmātsarvaprapañcopaśama: śūnyatāyāṃ 

prayojanam | bhavāṃstu nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ parikalpayan prapañcajālameva saṃvardhayamāno na 

śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanaṃ vetti ||

@240

atha kā puna: śūnyatā ? sāpi tatraivoktā | 

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam | 

nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṡaṇam || iti |

[ma^ śā^-18.9] 

ata: prapañcanivrttisvabhāvāyāṃ śūnyatāyāṃ kuto nāstitvamiti śūnyatāmapi na 

jānāti bhavān | yaṃ cārthamupādāya śūnyatāśabda: pravartate, tamapīhaiva pratipādayiṡyāma:- 

ya: pratītyasamutpāda: śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṡmahe | 

sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā || iti | 

[ma^ śā^-24.18] 

ya: pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto 

na tasya utpādu svabhāvato’sti | 

ya: pratyayādhīnu sa śūnyu ukto 

ya: śūnyatāṃ jānati so’pramatta: || 

iti bhagavato gāthāvacanāt | evaṃ pratītyasamutpādaśabdasya yo’rtha:, sa eva 

śūnyatāśabdasyārtha:, na punarabhāvaśabdasya yo’rtha: sa śūnyatāśabdasyārtha: | abhāvaśabdārthaṃ 

ca śūnyatārthamityadhyāropya bhavānasmānupālabhate | tasmācchūnyatāśabdārthamapi na jānāti | 

ajānānaśca tvamevamupālambhaṃ kurvan niyataṃ vihanyase ||7|| 

kaścāsmākaṃ yathoktamupālambhaṃ karoti ? yo bhagavatpravacanopadiṡṭāviparīta- 

satyadvayavibhāgaṃ na jānāti, kevalaṃ granthamātrādhyayanapara eveti | ata ācārya: karuṇayā 

parasya mithyāpravacanārthāvabodhanirāsārthaṃ bhagavatpravacanopadiṡṭāviparītasatyadvayavyavasthā- 

meva tāvadadhikrtyāha—

dve satye samupāśritya buddhānāṃ dharmadeśanā | 

lokasavrtisatyaṃ ca satyaṃ ca paramārthata: ||8|| 

iha hi bhagavatāṃ buddhānāṃ satyadvayamāśritya dharmadeśanā pravartate | katamatsatyadvayam ? 

lokasaṃvrtisatyaṃ ca paramārthasatyaṃ ca | tatra 

skandhātmā loka ākhyātastatra loko hi niśrita: | 

iti vacanātpañca skandhānupādāya prajñapyamāna: pudgalo loka ityucyate | 

samantādvaraṇaṃ saṃvrti: | ajñānaṃ hi samantātsarvapadārthatattvāvacchādanātsaṃvrtirityucyate | 
parasparasaṃbhavanaṃ vā saṃvrtiranyonyasamāśrayeṇetyartha: | atha vā saṃvrti: saṃketo lokavyavahāra 
ityartha: | sa cābhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādilakṡaṇa: | loke savrtirlokasaṃvrti: | kiṃ 
punaralokasaṃvrtirapyasti yata evaṃ viśiṡyate lokasaṃvrtiriti ? yathāvasthitapadārthānuvāda 

@241

eṡa:, nātraiṡā cintāvatarati | atha vā | timirakāmalādyupahatendriyaviparītadarśanāvasthā- 

nāste’lokā:, teṡāṃ yā saṃvrtirasāvalokasaṃvrti: | ato viśiṡyate lokasaṃvrtiriti | 

etacca madhyamakāvatāre vistareṇoktaṃ tato veditavyam | lokasaṃvrtyā satyaṃ lokasaṃvrti-

satyam | sarva evāyamabhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādivyavahāro’śeṡo lokasaṃvrtisatya- 

mityucyate | na hi paramārthata ete vyavahārā: saṃbhavanti | tatra hi- 

nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivrtte cittagocare | 

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā || 

[ma^ śā^-18.7] 

iti krtvā kutastatra paramārthe vācāṃ pravrtti: kuto vā jñānasya ? sa hi para- 

mārtho’parapratyaya: śānta: pratyātmavedya āryāṇāṃ sarvaprapañcātīta: | sa nopadiśyate na cāpi 
jñāyate | uktaṃ hi pūrvam—

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam | 

nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṡaṇam || iti | 

[ma^ śā^-18.9] 

paramaścāsāvarthaśceti paramārtha: | tadeva satyaṃ paramārthasatyam | anayośca satya- 

yorvibhāgo vistareṇa madhyamakāvatārādavaseya: | tadetatsatyadbayamāśritya buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ 

dharmadeśanā pravartate | evaṃ vyavasthite deśanākrame—

ye’nayorna vijānanti vibhāgaṃ satyayordvayo: | 

te tattvaṃ na vijānanti gambhīraṃ buddhaśāsane ||9|| 

atrāha-yadi tarhi paramārtho niṡprapañcasvabhāva: sa evāstu, tatkimanayā aparayā 

skandhadhātvāyatanāryasatyapratītyasamutpādādideśanayā prayojanamaparamārthayā ? atattvaṃ hi 

parityājyam | yacca parity#jyaṃ kiṃ tenopadiṡṭena ? ucyate | satyametadevam | kiṃ tu 

laukikaṃ vyavahāramanabhyupagamya abhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādilakṡaṇam, aśakya eva 

paramārtho deśayitum, adeśitaśca na śakyo’dhigantum, anadhigamya ca paramārthaṃ na śakyaṃ 

nirvāṇamadhigantumiti pratipādayannāha—

vyavahāramanāśritya paramārtho na deśyate | 

paramārthamanāgamya nirvāṇaṃ nādhigamyate ||10|| 

tasmānnirvāṇādhigamopāyatvādavaśyameva yathāvasthitā saṃvrti rādāvevābhyupeyā 

bhājanamiva salilārthineti ||10|| 

tadevaṃ ya: saṃvrtiparamārthalakṡaṇasatyadvayasya vyavasthāmapākrtya śūnyatāṃ varṇayati, 

taṃ tathāvidhaṃ pudgalam—

@242

vināśayati durdrṡṭā śūnyatā mandamedhasam | 

sarpo yathā durgrhīto vidyā vā duṡprasādhitā ||11|| 

saṃvrtisatyaṃ hi ajñānamātrasamutthāpitaṃ ni:svabhāvaṃ buddhvā tasya paramārthalakṡaṇāṃ 

śūnyatāṃ pratipadyamāno yogī nāntadvaye patati | kiṃ tadāsīdyadidānīṃ nāstītyevaṃ pūrvaṃ 

bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhāt paścādapi nāstitāṃ na pratipadyate | pratibimbākārāyāśca 

lokasaṃvrterabādhanāt karmakarmaphaladharmādharmādikamapi na bādhate |na cāpi paramārthaṃ bhāvasva- 

bhāvatvena samāropayati | ni:svabhāvānāmeva padārthānāṃ karmaphalādidarśanāt sasvabhāvānāṃ 

cādarśanāt || 

yastu evaṃ satyadvayavibhāgamapaśyan śūnyatāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ paśyati, sa śūnyatāṃ 

paśyan mumukṡurnāstitāṃ vā saṃskārāṇāṃ parikalpayed, yadi vā śūnyatāṃ kāṃcidbhāvata: 

satīm, tasyāścāśrayārthaṃ bhāvasvabhāvamapi parikalpayet | ubhayathā cāsya durdrṡṭā śūnyatā 

niyataṃ vināśayet | kathaṃ krtvā ? yadi tāvatsarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ sarvaṃ nāstīti parikalpayet, 

tadāsya mithyādrṡṭirāpadyate | yathoktam—

vināśayati durdrṡṭo dharmo’yamavipaścitam | 

nāstitādrṡṭisamale yasmādasminnimajjati || 

atha sarvāpavādaṃ kartuṃ necchati, tadā niyatamasya śūnyatāyā: pratikṡepa āpadyate—

kathaṃ hi nāma amī bhāvā: sakalasurāsuranaralokairupalabhyamānā api śūnyā bhaviṡyanti ? 

tasmānna ni:svabhāvārtha: śūnyatārtha:, ityevaṃ pratikṡipya saddharmavyasanasaṃvartanīyena pāpakena 

karmaṇā niyatamapāyānvayāt | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām—

aparo’pyasya durjñānānmūrkha: paṇḍitamānika: | 

pratikṡepavinaṡṭātmā yātyavīcimadhomukha: || iti | 

evaṃ tāvadabhāvena grhyamāṇā śūnyatā grahītāraṃ vināśayati | athāyaṃ bhāvena 

śūnyatāṃ parikalpayet, tadāśrayāṇāṃ ca saṃskārāṇāmastitvam, evamapi nirvāṇagāmini 

mārge vipratipannatvācchūnyatopadeśavihvalo jāyeta | tadevaṃ bhāvarūpeṇāpi śūnyatā 
grhyamāṇā grahītāraṃ vināśayati || 
nanu ca yadupakārakaṃ tadanyathā [kriyamāṇamakāloptamiva {1. ##Portion in [ ] is wanting in Mss. and its substance is supplied from T.##} bījaṃ na phalāya kalpate, 

kāloptaṃ ca mahate phalalābhāya jāyate, evameva maṇimantrauṡadhādibhi]rgrhyamāṇa: [sarpa:] 

mahāntaṃ dhanaskandhamāvahati śiromaṇigrahaṇāt{2. ##T om.## śiromaṇi…kalpanāt.}, tena ca vyālagrāhakāṇāṃ jīvikā- 

kalpanāt | yathoddeśatiraskāreṇa tug rhyamāṇo grahītārameva vināśayati | yathā ca 

@243

yathopadeśaṃ prasādhitā vidyā sādhakamanugrhṇāti, upadeśaparibhraṡṭā tu sādhyamānā sādhaka- 

meva vināśayati, evamihāpi yathopadeśaṃ śūnyatā mahatī vidyā sādhyamānā grhyamāṇā 

bhāvābhāvādigrāhatiraskāreṇa madhyamayā pratipadā grahītāraṃ parameṇa jātijarāmaraṇādi- 

du:khahutāśanaśamanaikarasena nirupadhiśeṡanirvāṇajaladharadhārāvarṡamukhena yojayati | yathopa—

deśaviśeṡavigamena tug rhyamāṇā niyataṃ yathoditena nyāyena grahītārameva vināśayati || 

yataścaivaṃ śūnyatā durgrhītā grahītāraṃ vināśayati, mandaprajñaiśca aśakyā 

samyaggrahītum—

ataśca pratyudāvrttaṃ cittaṃ deśayituṃ mune: | 

dharmaṃ matvāsya dharmasya mandairduravagāhatām ||12|| 

yasmādayaṃ śūnyatālakṡaṇo dharmo mandamedhasamalpaprajñaṃ sattvaṃ viparyāsagrahaṇā-

dvināśayati, ata eva asya dharmasya mandairduravagāhatāṃ matvā anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhi- 

saṃbudhya sarvasattvadhātuṃ cāvalokya dharmasya cātigāmbhīryam, saddharmaṃ deśayituṃ citta prati- 
nivrttaṃ munerbuddhasya bhagavato mahopāyajñānaviśeṡaśālina: | yathoktaṃ sūtre{1. ##All versions agree in mentioning Buddha’s hesitation for prea-

ching to the world his new doctrine almost in identical terms. 

Compare##: mahāvagga, ##I. 5.; Lalita. xxv; ## mahāvastu ##III., etc.##}—

atha bhagavato’cirābhisaṃbuddhasyaitadabhavat—adhigato mayā dharmo gambhīro gambhī- 

rāvabhāso’tarko’tarkāvacara: sūkṡma: paṇḍitavijñavedanīya: | sacettamahaṃ pareṡāmārocayeyam, 

pare ca me na vibhāvayeyu:, sa mama vighāta: syāt, klamatha: syāt, cetaso’nudaya: syāt |

yannvahamekākyaraṇye pravivikte drṡṭadharmasukhavihāramanuprāpto vihareyam | iti vistara: ||12|| 

tadevaṃ satyadvayāviparītavyavasthāmavijñāya—

śūnyatāyāmadhilayaṃ yaṃ puna: kurute bhavān | 

doṡaprasaṅgo nāsmākaṃ sa śūnye nopapadyate ||13|| 

yo’yaṃ bhavatā mahān doṡaprasaṅgo’smāsu prakṡipta:- 

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyaya: | 

ityādinā, sa yasmāt satyadvayavyavasthānabhijñena satā śūnyatāṃ śūnyatārthaṃ śūnyatāprayojanaṃ 

ca yathāvadabuddhvā upakṡipta:, so’smākaṃ śūnye śūnyatāvāde nopapadyate | yataśca nopapaedyate, 

ato yaṃ bhavān doṡaprasaṅgaṃ śūnyatāyāmudbhāvayan śūnyatāyāmadhilayamadhikṡepaṃ nirākaraṇaṃ 

pratikṡepaṃ karoti, so’dhilayo’smākaṃ nopapadyate | abhāvārthaṃ hi śūnyatārthamadhyāropya 

prasaṅga udbhāvito bhavatā | na ca vayamabhāvārthaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ vyācakṡmahe, kiṃ tarhi pratītya- 

samutpādārtham | ityato na yuktametat śūnyatādarśanadūṡaṇam ||13|| 

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na ca kevalaṃ yathoktadoṡaprasaṅgo’smatpakṡe nāvatarati, api khalu sarvameva satyādi- 

vyavasthānaṃ sutarāmupapadyate iti pratipādayannāha—

sarvaṃ ca yujyate tasya śūnyatā yasya yujyate | 
sarvaṃ na yujyate tasya śūnyaṃ yasya na yujyate ||14|| 
yasya hi sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyateyaṃ yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathopavarṇitaṃ yujyate | 

kathaṃ krtvā ? yasmāt pratītyasamutpādaṃ hi vayaṃ śūnyateti vyācakṡmahe—

ya:{1. ##See under XIII. 2, where this stanza is quoted as from## 
anavataptahradāpasaṃkramaṇasūtra; ##Mdo xii; Nanjio,No. 437 under## anavataptanāgarājapari



prcchāsūtra.} pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto 

na tasya utpādu svabhāvato’sti | 

ya: pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto 

ya: śūnyatāṃ jānati so’pramatta: || 

iti gāthāvacanāt | “śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:svabhāvayogena” iti prajñāpāramitābhidhānāt || 

tasmādyasyeyaṃ śūnyatā yujyate rocate{2. ##T om.## rocate kṡamate.} kṡamate, tasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate | 

yasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate, tasya catvāryāryasatyāni yujyante | kathaṃ krtvā ? yasmāt 

pratītyasamutpannaṃ hi du:khaṃ bhavati nāpratītyasamutpannam | tacca ni:svabhāvatvācchūnyam | 

sati ca du:khe du:khasamudayo du:khanirodho du:khanirodhagāminī ca pratipad yujyate | tataśca 

du:khaparijñānaṃ samudayaprahāṇaṃ nirodhasākṡātkaraṇaṃ mārgabhāvanā ca yujyate | sati ca 

du:khādisatyaparijñānādike phalāni yujyante | satsu ca phaleṡu phalasthā yujyante | satsu 

ca phalastheṡu pratipannakā yujyante | satsu ca pratipannakaphalastheṡu saṃgho yujyate | ārya- 

satyānāṃ ca sadbhāve sati saddharmo’pi yujyate | sati ca saddharme saṃghe ca buddho’pi yujyate | 

tataśca trīṇyapi ratnāni yujyante | laukikalokottarāśca padārthā: sarve viśeṡādhigamā 

yujyante | dharmādharmaṃ tatphalaṃ sugatidurgati: laukikāśca sarvasaṃvyavahārā yujyante | tadevam—

sarvaṃ ca yujyate tasya śūnyatā yasya yujyate | 

yasya sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatā yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathoditaṃ yujyate, saṃpadyate ityartha: | 

yasya tu śūnyatā yathoditā na yujyate, tasya pratītyasamutpādābhāvāt sarvaṃ na yujyate | 

yathā ca na yujyate, tathā vistareṇa pratipādayiṡyati ||14|| 

tadevamāsmākīne supariśuddhatare sarvavyavasthāsu aviruddhe vyavasthite, atisthūle 

atyāsanne tadviruddhe ca svakīye pakṡe doṡavati atimogho yathāvadavasthitau guṇadoṡāva- 
paśyan—

@245

sa tvaṃ doṡānātmanīnānasmāsu paripātayan | 

aśvamevābhirūḍha:{1. ##Compare## laukikanyāyāñjali, III, aśvārūḍhā: kathaṃ cāśvān vismareyu: sacetasa: | 
##or## śuklavidarśanā ##as cited by Poussin:## 

ghoṭāmevābhirūḍha: san ghoṭāmevāsi vismrta: || 

svabhāvādyadi bhāvānāṃ sadbhāvamanupaśyasi | 

ahetupratyayān bhāvāṃstvamevaṃ sati paśyasi ||} sannaśvamevāsi vismrta: || 15 || 

yathā hi kaścid yamevāśvamārūḍha:, tameva vismrta: san, tadapahāradoṡeṇa parānu- 

pālabhate, evameva bhavān pratītyasamutpādalakṡaṇaśūnyatādarśanāśvamārūḍha eva atyanta- 

vikṡepāttamanupalambhamāno’smān parivadati ||15|| 

ke punaste parasya doṡā:, yānanupalabhamāna: śūnyatāvādinameva upālabhate iti, 

tān pratipādayannāha—

svabhāvādyadi bhāvānāṃ sadbhāvamanupaśyasi | 

ahetupratyayān bhāvāṃstvamevaṃ sati paśyasi ||16|| 

yadi tvaṃ svabhāvena vidyamānān bhāvān paśyasi, tadā svabhāvasya hetupratyaya- 

nirapekṡatvāt ahetupratyayān avidyamānahetupratyayān padārthān bāhyādhyātmikabhedabhinnān 

nirhetukān tvamevaṃ sati paśyasi ||16|| 

sati ca ahetukatvābhyupagame—

kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ caiva kartāraṃ karaṇaṃ kriyām | 

utpādaṃ ca nirodhaṃ ca phalaṃ ca pratibādhase ||17|| 
kathaṃ krtvā ? yadīha ghaṭa: svabhāvato’stīti parikalpayasi, tadā asya svabhāvato 
vidyamānasya kiṃ mrdādibhirhetupratyayai: prayojanamiti teṡāmabhāva: syāt | nirhetukaṃ ca 
kāryaṃ ghaṭākhyaṃ nopapadyate | asati cāsmiṃścakrādikasya karaṇasya, kartu: kumbhakārasya 

ghaṭakaraṇakriyāyāścābhāvādutpādanirodhayorabhāva: | asatoścotpādanirodhayo: kuta: 

phalam ? iti sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarvametat kāryādikaṃ pratibādhase | tadeva bhavata: 
sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarvameva na yujyate ||17|| 
asmākaṃ tub hāvasvabhāvaśūnyatāvādināṃ sarvametadupapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? 
yasmādvayam—

ya: pratītyasamutpāda: śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṡmahe | 

sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā ||18|| 

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yo’yaṃ pratītyasamutpādo hetupratyayānapekṡya aṅkuravijñānādīnāṃ prādurbhāva:, sa 

svabhāvenānutpāda: | yaśca svabhāvenānutpādo bhāvānāṃ{1. ##T om.## bhāvānāṃ.} sā śūnyatā | yathā bhagavatoktam– 

ya: pratyatyairjāyati sa hyajāto 

na tasya utpādu svabhāvato’sti | 

ya: pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto 
ya: śūnyatāṃ jānati so’pramatta: || iti | 
tathā āryalaṅkāvatāre{2. ##Compare page 76 of Nanjio’s edition;## anutpattiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā:.}–“svabhāvānutpatiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate sarvadharmā: śūnyā 
iti mayā deśitā:” || iti vistareṇoktam || 
dvyardhaśatikāyām—“śūnyā: sarvadharmā ni:svabhāvayogena” || iti || 
yā ceyaṃ svabhāvaśūnyatā{3. ##T om.## svabhāva^.} sā prajñaptirupādāya, saiva śūnyatā upādāya prajñaptiriti 

vyavasthāpyate | cakrādīnyupādāya rathāṅgāni ratha: prajñapyate | tasya yā svāṅgānyupādāya 

prajñapti:, sā svabhāvenānutpatti:, yā ca svabhāvenānutpatti:, sā śūnyatā | saiva svabhāvā- 

nutpattilakṡaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipaditi vyavasthāpyate | yasya hi svabhāvenānutpatti:, 

tasya astitvābhāva:, svabhāvena cānutpannasya vigamābhāvānnāstitvābhāva iti | ato 

bhāvābhāvāntadvayarahitatvāt sarvasvabhāvānutpattilakṡaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipat, 
madhyamo mārga ityucyate | tadevaṃ pratītyasamutpādasyaivaitā viśeṡasaṃjñā:-śūnyatā, 
upādāya prajñapti:, madhyamā pratipad iti ||18|| 
vicāryamāṇaśca sarvathā-
apratītya samutpanno dharma: kaścinna vidyate | 

yasmāttasmādaśūnyo hi dharma: kaścinna vidyate ||19|| 

yo hi apratītyasamutpanno dharma:, sa na  saṃvidyate | yathoktaṃ śatake—

apratītyāstitā nāsti kadācitkasyacitkvacit | 

na kadācitkvacitkaścidvidyate tena śāśvata: || 

ākāśādīni kalpyante nityānīti prthagjanai: | 

laukikenāpi teṡvarthānna paśyanti vicakṡaṇā: || iti | 

[catu:śataka-9.2-3] 

@247

uktaṃ ca bhagavatā- 

pratītya dharmānadhigacchate vidū 

na cāntadrṡṭīya karoti niśrayam | 

sahetu sapratyaya dharma jānati 

ahetu apratyaya nāsti dharmatā || 

evam—

apratītya samutpanno dharma: kaścinna vidyate | 

pratītyasamutpannaśca śūnya: | tasmādaśūnyo dharmo nāsti | yata etadevam, ato’smākaṃ 

sarvadharmāśca śūnyā:, na ca paroktadoṡaprasaṅga: ||19||

bhavatastu sasvabhāvavādina:- 

yadyaśūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyaya: | 

tadā niyatamudayavyayayorabhāve sati—
caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaste prasajyate ||20|| 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt—

apratītya samutpannaṃ kuto du:khaṃ bhaviṡyati | 

anityamuktaṃ du:khaṃ hi tatsvābhāvye na vidyate ||21|| 

yaddhi sasvabhāvam, na tatpratītyotpadyate | yacca apratītya samutpannam, na tada- 

nityaṃ bhavati | na hi gaganakusumamavidyamānamanityam | anityaṃ ca du:khamuktaṃ bhagavatā-

yadanitya taddu:khamiti | tathā ca śatakaśāstre—

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā pīḍā yasya na tatsukham | 

tasmādanityaṃ yatsarvaṃ du:khaṃ taditi jāyate || iti | 

[catu:śataka-2.25] 

yacca anityaṃ svābhāvye sasvabhāvatve’bhyupagamyamāne bhāvānām, tanna vidyata iti ||21|| 
evaṃ tāvat sasvabhāvatve sati bhāvanāṃ du:khaṃ na yujyate | na ca kevalaṃ du:khameva na 
yujyate, sati sasvabhāvābhyupagame samudayo’pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha—
svabhāvato vidyamānaṃ kiṃ puna: samudeṡyate | 

tasmātsamudayo nāsti śūnyatāṃ pratibādhata: ||22|| 

iha samudetyasmāddu:khamiti du:khasya hetu [ ta: ] samudaya ityucyate | tadasya 

du:khasya śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya sasvabhāvaṃ du:khamabhyupagacchata: tasya punarutpādavaiyarthyāt 

taddhetukalpanāvaiyarthyameva, ityevaṃ śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya samudayo’pi bhavato na 

yujyate ||22|| 

@248

svābhāvikameva du:khamabhyupagacchato du:khanirodho’pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha—

na nirodha: svabhāvena sato du:khasya vidyate | 

svabhāvaparyavasthānānnirodhaṃ pratibādhase ||23|| 
yadi hi svabhāvato du:khaṃ syāt, tadā svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt kuto’sya nirodha- 
tvamiti ? evaṃ svabhāvaparyavasthānāt svabhāvaṃ grhītvā pratyavatiṡṭhamāno du:khanirodhamapi 

pratibādhase ||23|| 

idānīmāryamārgo’pi sasvabhāvavādino yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha—

svābhāvye sati mārgasya bhāvanā nopapadyate | 

athāsau bhāvyate mārga: svābhāvyaṃ ten a vidyate ||24|| 

yadi hi sasvabhāvā bhāvā bhaveyu:, tadā mārgo’pi sasvabhāva eveti krtvā 

abhāvita evāsāvasti | tasya kiṃ punarbhāvanayeti ? evam—

svābhāvye sati mārgasya bhāvanā nopapadyate |

atha asya mārgasya bhāvanā abhyupagamyate bhavatā, evaṃ tarhi svabhāvatā ārya- 

mārgasya na syāt, kāryatvādityabhiprāya: ||24|| 
api ca—du:khasya nirodhaprāptyarthaṃ samudayasya ca prahāṇārthaṃ bhāvanā mārgasyeṡyate | 
pūrvoktena tu nyāyena sasvabhāvavādino bhavata:- 

yadā du:khaṃ samudayo nirodhaśca na vidyate | 

mārgo du:khanirodhatvāt katama: prāpayiṡyati ||25|| 

nāstyeva asau du:khanirodha:, yannirodhānmārgo bhāvita: san prāpayiṡyati | 

tasmādāryamārgo’pyevaṃ nopapadyata iti | evaṃ sasvabhāvavādina: caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāva: 

prāpnoti ||25|| 

idānīṃ du:khādiparijñānādikamapi yathā parasya na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha- 

svabhāvenāparijñānaṃ yadi tasya puna: katham | 

parijñānaṃ nanu kila svabhāva: samavasthita: ||26|| 

yadi pūrvaṃ du:khamaparijñātasvabhāvaṃ tat paścāt parijñāyata iti kalpyate, tadayuktam | 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmānnanu kila svabhāva: samavasthita: | yo hi svabhāva:, sa kila loke 

samavasthita:, naivānyathātvamāpadyate, vahnerauṡṇyavat | yadā ca svabhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nāsti, 
tadā pūrvamaparijñātasvabhāvasya du:khasya paścādapi parijñānaṃ nopapadyata iti | ato du:kha- 

parijñānamapi na saṃbhavati ||26|| 

yadā caitaddu:khaparijñānamapi na saṃbhavati, tadā- 

prahāṇasākṡātkaraṇe bhāvanā caivameva te | 

parijñāvanna yujyante catvāryapi phalāni ca ||27|| 

@249

yadetat samudayasya prahāṇaṃ nirodhasya ca sākṡātkaraṇam, te ete dve prahāṇasākṡā-

tkaraṇe | yā ca mārgasya bhāvanā, eṡāpi | evameva te du:khaparijñānāsaṃbhavānna yujyante | 

samudayasya svabhāvenāprahīṇasya svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt paścādapi prahāṇaṃ nopapadyate | 

evaṃ bhāvanāsākṡātkaraṇe’pi yojyam | na ca kevalaṃ parijñānādikameva na saṃbhavati 

sasvabhāvavāde, api ca—

parijñāvanna yujyante catvāryapi phalāni ca | 

yathā svabhāvenāparijñātasya du:khasya parijñānaṃ na yuktam, evaṃ svabhāvenāvidya- 

mānasya pūrvaṃ srota āpattiphalasya paścādastitvaṃ na saṃbhavati | yathā srotaāpattiphalasya, 

evaṃ sakrdāgāmyanāgāmyarhatphalānāmabhāvo veditavya: ||27|| 

na ca kevalametāni phalāni parijñāvanna yujyante, kiṃ tarhi adhigamo’pyeṡāṃ na 

yujyata iti pratipādayannāha—

svabhāvenānadhigataṃ yatphalaṃ tatpuna: katham | 

śakyaṃ samadhigantuṃ syātsvabhāvaṃ parigrhṇata: ||28|| 
svabhāvasyāvija{1. ##T## svabhāvasyāvyāvartanāt ##for## svabhāva…prakrtikatvāt.} hanaprakrtikatvādbhāvasvabhāvavādamabhyupagacchata: pūrvamanadhigata- 
svabhāvānāṃ paścādapyadhigamo nopapadyate ||27|| 

tataśca—

phalābhāve phalasthā no na santi pratipannakā: | 

saṃgho nāsti na cetsanti te’ṡṭau puruṡapudgalā: ||29|| 

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo’pi na vidyate | 

dharma cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṡyati ||30|| 

anayośca ślokayo: pūrvavadevārtho veditavya: ||29-30|| 

api ca—sasvabhāvābhyupagame{2. ##T## svabhāvavādābhyupagame ##for## sasvabhāvābhyupagame.} sati—

apratītyāpi bodhiṃ ca tava buddha: prasajyate | 

apratītyāpi buddhaṃ ca tava bodhi: prasajyate ||31|| 

yadi hi svabhāvato buddho nāma kaścid bhāva: syāt, sa bodhiṃ sarvajñajñānamapratī-

tyāpi anapekṡyāpi syāt | 

akrtrima: svabhāvo hi nirapekṡa: paratra ca | 

iti vacanāt | tathā vināpi buddhena bodhi: syāt, anapekṡyāpi buddhaṃ nirāśrayā bodhi: 

syāt ||31|| 

@250

kiṃ cānyat—

yaścābuddha: svabhāvena sa bodhāya ghaṭannapi | 

na bodhisattvacaryāyāṃ bodhiṃ te’dhigamiṡyati ||32|| 

iha hi buddhatvātpūrvamabuddhasvabhāvasya sata: pudgalasya satyāmapi bodhisattvacaryāyāṃ 

bodhyarthaṃ ghaṭamānasyāpi naiva bodhi: syāt, abuddhasvabhāvasya vyāvartayitumaśakya- 

tvāt ||32|| 
kiṃ cānyat-
na ca dharmamadhamaṃ vā kaścijjātu kariṡyati | 

kimaśūnyasyasya kartavyaṃ svabhāva: kriyate na hi || 33 || 

sati hi svabhāvavādābhyupagame dharmādharmayo: karaṇaṃ nopapadyate | kiṃ hi aśūnyasya 

kartavyam ? na hi svabhāvasyāśūnyasya kāraṇamupapadyate vidyamānatvāt ||33|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

vinā dharmamadharmaṃ ca phalaṃ hi tava vidyate | 

dharmādharmanimittaṃ ca phalaṃ tava na vidyate ||34|| 

yadetaddharmādharmanimittakamiṡṭāniṡṭaphalam, yadi tat svabhāvato’sti, tad vināpi 

dharmādharmābhyāṃ syāt | yadā ca vinā dharmādharmaṃ phalaṃ tavāsti, tadā dharmādharmajaṃ phalaṃ tava na 

saṃbhavati | dharmādharmopārjanavaiyarthyaṃ syāt, 

dharmādharmanimittaṃ ca phalaṃ tava na vidyate | iti | 

atha dharmādharmanimittakaṃ phalaṃ bhavatīti parikalpyate, na tarhi tatphalaśūnyamiti 
pratipādayannāha—

dharmādharmanimittaṃ vā yadi te vidyate phalam | 

dharmādharmasamutpannamaśūnyaṃ te kathaṃ phalam ||35|| 
śūnyamevaitat, pratītyasamutpannatvāt, pratibimbavat, ityabhiprāya: ||35|| 

api ca | sarva eva hyete `gaccha, kuru, paca, paṭha, tiṡṭha’ ityevamādayo laukikā 

vyavahārā pratītyasamutpannā: | tān yadi sasvabhāvānicchati bhavān, tadā bhavatā 

pratītyasamutpādo bādhito bhavati | tadbādhanācca sarva eva laukikā vyavahārā bādhitā 
bhavantīti pratipādayannāha—

sarvasaṃvyavahārāṃśca laukikān pratibādhase | 

yatpratītyasamutpādaśūnyatāṃ pratibādhase ||36|| 

yacchabda: kriyāviśeṡaṇam | yadvādhase ityanena saṃbadhyate ||36||

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kiṃ cānyat—

na kartavyaṃ bhavetkiṃcidanārabdhā bhavetkriyā | 

kāraka: syādakurvāṇa: śūnyatāṃ pratibādhata: || 37 || 

yadi hi svarūpaśūnyā: padārthā na bhaveyu:, sasvabhāvā eva bhaveyu:, tadā svabhāvasya 

vidyamānatvānna kenacit kasyacit kiṃcit kartavyaṃ syāt | na hi nabhaso’nāvaraṇatvaṃ 

kenacit kriyate | akriyamāṇā ca kriyā syāt | kriyāṃ cākurvāṇasya kārakatvaṃ syāt | 

na caitadevamiti | tasmānnāśūnyā: padārthā: ||37|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

ajātamaniruddhaṃ ca kūṭasthaṃ ca bhaviṡyati | 

vicitrābhiravasthābhi: svabhāve rahitaṃ jagat ||38|| 

[vicitrābhiravasthābhi: {1. ##The portion in brackets is found in Mss. but is omitted by Poussin. The controversy here seems to be between## svabhāvaśūnyavādin ##and## aśūnyavādin.} svabhāvaracitaṃ svabhāvenaiva racitamapratītyasamutpannaṃ 

jagat svabhāvaśūnyavādinām |] svabhāvenaiva yadi bhāvā: [sasvasbhāvā:] syu:, tadā 

svabhāvasyākrtrimatvādavyāvartanatvācca sarvasmidaṃ jagadajātamaniruddhaṃ ca syāt | ajātā- 

niruddhatvājjagat kūṭasthaṃ syāt | hetupratyayanapekṡaṃ vicitrābhiravasthābhī rahitamapratītya- 

samutpannaṃ jagadaśūnyavādināṃ syāt | yathoktaṃ pitāputrasamāgame {2. ##The quotation seems to be made up of two lines of## āryā ##metre witre with a prose portion## tathā hi sthitaṃ tat svake svake bhāve ##in between the lines.##}—

syādyadi kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ na vadejjinu tasya vyākaraṇam | 

tathā hi sthitaṃ tat svake svake bhāve | 

kūṭasthamavikāraṃ na tasya vrddhirna parihāṇi: ||iti| 

tathā āryahastikakṡyasūtre—

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāva: 

tatraiva gaccheya jina: saśrāvaka: | 

kūṭasthadharmāṇa siyā na nirvrtī 

n aniṡprapañco bhavi jātu paṇḍita: ||iti||38|| 

na ca kevalaṃ sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame laukikā eva vyavahārā nopapadyante, api ca 

lokottarā eva [api ?] nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha—

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asaṃprāptasya ca prāptirdu:khaparyantakarma ca | 

sarvakleśaprahāṇaṃ ca yadyaśūnyaṃ na vidyate ||39|| 

yadi hi aśūnyaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ sarvametat syāt, tadā yadasaṃprāptaṃ tadasaṃprāptameva, iti 

asaṃprāptasya ca phalasya prāptirna syāt | tadā du:khaparyantakāraṇaṃ ca pūrvaṃ nābhūditi 

sāṃpratamapi na syāt | sarveṡāṃ ca kleśānāṃ pūrvaṃ prahāṇaṃ nābhūditi paścādapi prahāṇaṃ 

na syāt ||39|| 

tadevaṃ yasmāt sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame sati sarvametanna yujyate, ata:- 

ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyatīdaṃ sa paśyati | 

du:khaṃ samudayaṃ caiva nirodhaṃ mārgameva ca ||40|| 

yo hi sarvadharmapratītyasamutpādalakṡaṇāṃ svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ samyak paśyati, sa 

catvāri āryasatyāni paśyati yathābhūtāni tattvata: | 

yathoktamāryamañjuśrīpariprcchāyām—

yena mañjuśrīranutpāda: sarvadharmāṇāṃ drṡṭa:, tena du:khaṃ parijñātam | yena nāstitā 

sarvadharmāṇāṃ drṡṭā, tasya samudaya: prahīṇa: | yena atyantaparinirvrtā: sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, 

tena nirodha: sākṡātkrta: | yena mañjuśrīrabhāva: sarvadharmāṇāṃ drṡṭa:, tena mārgo bhāvita: | 

|| iti vistara: || 

uktaṃ ca āryadhyāyitamuṡṭisūtre—

atha khalu bhagavān mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat—caturṇāṃ mañjuśrīrārya- 

satyānāṃ yathābhūtādarśanāccaturbhirviparyāsairviparyastacittā: sattvā evamimamabhūtaṃ saṃsāraṃ 

nātikrāmanti | evamukte mañjuśrī: kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat—deśayatu bhagavān 

kasyopalambhata: sattvā: saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti ? bhagavānāha—ātmātmīyopalambhato 

mañjuśrī: sattvā: saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | tat kasya heto: ? yo hi mañjuśrīrātmānaṃ 

paraṃ ca samanupaśyati, tasya karmābhisaṃskārā bhavanti | bālo mañjuśrīraśrutavān 

prthagjano’tyantaparinirvrtān sarvadharmānaprajānāna: ātmānaṃ paraṃ ca upalabhate, upalabhya 

abhiniviśate, abhiniviṡṭa: san rajyate duṡyate muhyate | sa rakto duṡṭo mūḍha: san trividhaṃ 

karma abhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manasā | sa: asatsamāropeṇa vikalpayati—ahaṃ rakta:, 

ahaṃ duṡṭa:, ahaṃ mūḍha: iti | tasya tathāgataśāsane pravrajitasya evaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ śīlavān, 

ahaṃ brahmacārī, saṃsāraṃ samatikrāmiṡyāmi, ahaṃ nirvāṇamanuprāpsyāmi, ahaṃ du:khebhyo 

mokṡyāmi | sa kalpayati—ime dharmā: kuśalā:, ime dharmā akuśalā iti, ime dharmā: 

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prahātavyā:, ime dharmā: sākṡātkartavyā:, dukhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudaya: prahātavya:, 

nirodha: sākṡātkartavya:, mārgo bhāvayitavya: | sa kalpayati—anityā: sarvasaṃskārā:, 

ādīptā: sarvasaṃskārā: | yannvahaṃ sarvasaṃskārebhya: palāyeyam | tasyaivamavekṡamāṇasya 

utpadyate nirvitsahagato manasikāra: animittapurogata: | tasyaivaṃ bhavati-eṡā sā 

du:khaparijñā, yeyamaṡāṃ dharmāṇāṃ parijñā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati—yannvahaṃ samudayaṃ prajaheyam | 

sa sarvadharmebhya artīyate jehrīyate vitarati vijugupsate uttrasyati saṃtrasyati saṃtrāsa- 

māpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati—iyameṡāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sākṡātkriyā, idaṃ samudayaprahāṇam, 

yadidamebhyo dharmebhyo’rtīyanā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati—nirodha: sākṡātkartavya:| samudayaṃ 

kalpayitvā nirodhaṃ saṃjanāti | tasyaivaṃ bhavati—eṡā sā nirodhasākṡātkriyā |

tasyaivaṃ bhavati—yannūnamahaṃ mārgaṃ bhāvayeyam | sa eko rahogatastān dharmān manasi 

kurvan śamathaṃ pratilabhate | tasya tena nirvitsahagatena manasikāreṇa śamatha utpadyate | 

tasya sarvadharmeṡu cittaṃ na pralīyate prativahati pratyudāvartate | tebhyaścārtīyate jehrīyate, 

anabhinandanācittaṃ samutpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati—mukto’smi sarvadu:khebhya:, na mama bhūya: 

uttariṃ kiṃcitkaraṇīyam, arhannasmītyātmānaṃ saṃjānāti | sa maraṇakālasamaye utpatti-

mātmano deveṡu {1. ##T om.## deveṡu.} paśyati | tasya kāṅkṡā vicikitsā ca bhavati buddhabodhau | sa 

vicikitsāmāpatita: kālagato mahānirayeṡu prapatati | tatkasya heto: ? yathāpīda—

manutpannān sarvadharmān vikalpayitvā tathāgate vicikitsāṃ vimatimutpādayati || 

atha khalu mañjuśrī: kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat—kathaṃ punarbhagavan catvāri 

āryasatyāni draṡṭavyāni ? bhagavānāha—yena mañjuśrīranutpannā: sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, 

tena du:khaṃ parijñātam | yena asamutthitā: sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, tasya samudaya: prahīṇa: | 

yena atyantaparinirvrtā: sarvadharmā drśṭā:, tena nirodha: sākṡātkrta: | yena atyantaśūnyā: 

sarvadharmā drṡṭā:, tena mārgo bhāvita: | yena mañjuśrīrevaṃ catvāri āryasatyāni drṡṭāni, 

sa na kalpayati—ime dharmā: kuśalā:, ime dharmā akuśalā:, ime dharmā: prahātavyā:, 

ime dharmā: sākṡātkartavyā:, du:khaṃ parijñātavyam, samudaya: prahātavya:, nirodha: 

sākṡātkartavya:, mārgo bhāvayitavya: iti | tat kasya heto: ? tathāhi sa taṃ dharmaṃ 

na samanupaśyati nopalabhate yaṃ parikalpayet | bālaprthagjanāstvetān dharmān kalpayanto 

rajyanti ca dviṡyanti ca muhyanti ca | san a kaṃciddharbhamāvyūhati{2. āvyūha: = samāropa:; nirvyūha: = apavāda:. ##We also have## āyūha ##and## niryūha ##in the same sence.##} nirvyūhati | 

tasyaivamanāvyūhato’nirvyūhatastraidhātuke cittaṃ na sajjati | ajātaṃ sarvatraidhātukaṃ 

samanupaśyati māyopamaṃ svapnopamaṃ pratiśrutkopamam || evaṃsvabhāvān sarvadharmān 

paśyan anunayapratighāpagato bhavati sarvasattveṡu | tat kasya heto: ? tathāhi 

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sa tān dharmān nopalabhate yatrānunīyeta vā pratihanyeta vā | sa ākāśasamena cittena 

buddhamapi na samanupaśyati, dharmamapi na samanupaśyati, saṃghamapi na samanupaśyati | sarva-

dharmān śūnyāniti samanupaśyan na kvaciddharme vicikitsāmutpādayati | avicikitsan 

nirupādāno bhavati | nirupādāno’nupādāya parinirvātīti vistara: ||40|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

āryasatyaparīkṡā nāma caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@255

25 

nirvāṇaparīkṡā pañcaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam | 

atrāha—

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyaya: | 

prahāṇādvā nirodhādvā kasya nirvāṇamiṡyate ||1|| 

iha hi bhagavatā uṡitabrahmacaryāṇāṃ tathāgataśāsanapratipannānnāṃ dharmānudharmaprati- 

pattiyuktānāṃ pudgalānāṃ dvividhaṃ nirvāṇamupavarṇitaṃ sopadhiśeṡaṃ nirupadhiśeṡaṃ ca | tatra 

niravaśeṡasya avidyārāgādikasya kleśagaṇayasya prahāṇāt sopadhiśeṡaṃ nirvāṇamiṡyate | tatra 

upadhīyate’sminnātmasneha: iti upadhi: | upadhiśabdena ātmaprajñaptinimittā: pañco- 

pādānaskandhā ucyante | śiṡyata iti śeṡa:, upadhireva śeṡa: upadhiśeṡa:, saha upadhi- 

śeṡeṇa vartate iti sopadhiśeṡam | kiṃ tat ? nirvāṇam | tacca skandhamātrakameva kevalaṃ 

satkāyadrṡṭyādikleśataskararahitamavaśiṡyate; nihatāśeṡacauragaṇagrāmamātrāvasthāna- 

dharmyeṇa | tat sopadhiśeṡaṃ nirvāṇam | yatra tu nirvāṇe skandhapañcakamapi nāsti, tanni- 

rupadhiśeṡaṃ nirvāṇam | nirgata: upadhiśeṡo’sminniti krtvā; nihatāśeṡacauragaṇasya 

grāmamātrasyāpi vināśasādharmyeṇa | tadeva ca adhikrtya ucyate—

abhedi {1. ##The Sanskrit text of this stanza is corrupt. I have given it in Pali as it is found in## udāna, ##viii. 9.##} kāyo nirodhi saññā 

vedanā pi ti dahaṃsu sabbā | 

vūpasamiṃsu saṃkhārā 

viññāṇamatthamagamā ti || 

[udāna-8.9]

tathā-
 
asaṃlīnena kāyena vedanāmadhyavāsayat | 

pradyotasyeva nirvāṇaṃ vimokṡastasya cetasa: ||iti| 

[ theragāthā-906 ] 

tadevaṃ nirupadhiśeṡaṃ nirvāṇaṃ skandhānāṃ nirodhāllabhyate | etacca dvividhaṃ nirvāṇaṃ 

kathaṃ yujyate yadi kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ ca nirodho bhavati ? yadā tu sarvamidaṃ śūnyam, naiva 

kiṃcidutpadyate nāpi kiṃcinnirudhyate, tadā kuta: kleśā:, kuto vā skandhā:, yeṡāṃ nirodhe 

nirvāṇaṃ syāditi ? tasmādvidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti ||1|| 

@256

atrocyate | nanu evamapi sasvabhāvābhyupagame—

yadyaśūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyaya: | 

prahāṇādvā nirodhādvā kasya nirvāṇamiṡyate ||2|| 

svabhāvena hi vyavasthitānāṃ kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ ca svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt 

kuto nivrtti:, yatastannivrttyā nirvāṇaṃ syāditi ? tasmāt svabhāvavādināṃ naiva 

nirvāṇamupapadyate | na ca śūnyatāvādina: skandhanivrttilakṡaṇaṃ kleśanivrttilakṡaṇaṃ vā 

nirvāṇamicchanti yatasteṡāmayaṃ doṡa: syāditi | ata: anupālambha evāyaṃ śūnya- 

vādinām ||2|| 

yadi khalu śūnyatāvādina: kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ vā nivrttilakṡaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ 

necchanti, kiṃlakṡaṇaṃ tarhi icchanti ? ucyate—

aprahīṇamasaṃprāptamanucchinnamaśāśvatam | 

aniruddhamanutpannametannirvāṇamucyate ||3|| 

yaddhi naiva prahīyate rāgādivat, nāpi prāpyate śrāmaṇyaphalavat, nāpyucchidyate 

skandhādivat, yaccāpi na nityamaśūnyavat, tat svabhāvato'niruddhamanutpannaṃ ca sarva- 

prapañcopaśamalakṡaṇaṃ nirvāṇamuktam | tat kutastasminnitthaṃvidhe niṡprapañce kleśakalpanā 

yeṡāṃ kleśānāṃ prahāṇānnirvāṇaṃ bhavet ? kuto vā skandhakalpanā tatra, yeṡāṃ skandhānāṃ 

nirodhāt tadbhavet ? yāvaddhi etā: kalpanā: pravartante, tāvannāsti nirvāṇādhigama:, 

sarvaprapañcaparikṡayādeva tadadhigamāt || 

atha syāt—yadyapi nirvāṇe na santi kleśā:, na vāpi skandhā:, tathāpi 

nirvāṇādarvāg vidyante | tatasteṡāṃ parikṡayānnirvāṇaṃ bhaviṡyatīti | ucyate | tyajya- 

tāmayaṃ grāha:, yasmānnirvāṇādarvāk svabhāvato vidyamānānāṃ na punarabhāva: śakyate kartum | 

tasmānnirvāṇābhilāṡiṇā tyājyaiṡā kalpanā | vakṡyati hi—

nirvāṇasya ca yā koṭi: koṭi: saṃsaraṇasya ca | 

na tayorantaraṃ kiṃcitsusūkṡmamapi vidyate ||iti| 

[ma^ śā^-25.20] 

tadevaṃ nirvāṇe na kasyacit prahāṇaṃ nāpi kasyacinnirodha iti vijñeyam | tataśca 

niravaśeṡakalpanākṡayarūpameva nirvāṇam | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-

nirvrtti {1. ##The reading in## samādhirājasūtra ##is## nivrtti. ##Some  Mss. read## nivrtti. ##I have adopted the text as it is given by## candrakīrti.} dharmāṇa na asti dharmā 

ye neha astī  n ate jātu asti | 

@257

astīti nāstīti ca kalpanāvatā- 

mevaṃ carantāna na du:kha śāmyati ||iti| 

[samādhirājasūtra—9.26]

asyā gāthāyā ayamartha:--nirvrtau nirupadhiśeṡe nirvāṇadhātau dharmāṇāṃ kleśakarma- 

janmalakṡaṇānāṃ skandhānāṃ vā sarvathā astaṃgamādastitvaṃ nāsti, evaṃ ca sarvavādināma- 

bhimatam | ye tarhi dharmā iha nirvrtau na santi, pradīpodayādandhakāropalabdharajjusarpabhayā- 

divat, n ate jātu asti, na te dharmā: kleśakarmajanmādilakṡaṇā: kasmiṃścit kāle 

saṃsārāvasthāyāmapi tattvato vidyante | na hi rajju: andhakārāvasthāyāṃ svarūpata: 

sarpo’sti, sadbhūtasarpavat andhakāre’pi āloke’pi kāyacakṡurbhyāmagrahaṇāt | kathaṃ tarhi 

saṃsāra: iti cet, ucyate | ātmātmīyāsadgrahagrastānāṃ bālaprthagjanānāmasatsvarūpā 

api bhāvā: satyata: pratibhāsante taimirikāṇāmiva asatkeśamaśakādaya iveti | āha—

astīti nāstīti ca kalpanāvatā- 

mevaṃ carantāna na du:kha śāmyati | iti 

astīti bhāvasadbhāvakalpanāvatāṃ jaiminīyakāṇādakāpilādīnāṃ vaibhāṡikaparyantānām | 

nāstīti ca kalpanāvatāṃ nāstikānāmapāyagatiniṡṭhānām | tadanyeṡāṃ ca atītānāgata-

saṃsthānāṃ vijñaptiviprayuktasaṃskārāṇāṃ nāstivādināṃ tadanyadastivādinām, parikalpita- 

svabhāvasya nāstivādinām, paratantrapariniṡpannasvabhāvayorastivādinām, evamasti 

nāstibādināmevaṃ caratāṃ na du:khaṃ saṃsāra: śāmyatīti | tathā 

yatha śaṅkitena viṡasaṃjña abhyupeti 

no cāpi koṡṭha gantu āviṡṭa papadyate | 

evameva bālu’pagato… 

…..jāyi mriyate sadā abhūto ||iti| 

tadevaṃ na kasyacinnirvāṇe prahāṇaṃ nāpi kasyacinnirodha iti vijñeyam | tataśca sarvakalpanā- 

kṡayarūpameva nirvāṇam | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām {1. ##This work is attributed to## nāgārjuna ##in## nāmasaṃgītiṭīkā ##where this very stanza is quoted.##}—

na cābhāvo’pi nirvāṇaṃ kuta evāsya bhāvanā | 

bhāvābhāvaparāmarśakṡayo nirvāṇamucyate || 

iti ||3|| 

ye tu sarvaṃkalpanopaśamarūpaṃ nirvāṇamapratipadyamānā: bhāvābhāvatadubhayānubhayarūpaṃ 

nirvāṇaṃ parikalpayanti, tān prati ucyate—

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bhāvastāvanna nirvāṇaṃ jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇam | 

prasajyetāsti bhāvo hi na jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā ||4|| 

tatraike bhāvato nirvāṇamabhiniviṡṭā evamācakṡate—iha kleśakarmajanmasaṃtāna-

pravrttiniyatarodhabhūto jalapravāharodhabhūtasetusthānīyo nirodhātmaka: padārtha:, tannirvāṇam | 

na ca avidyamānasvabhāvo dharma: evaṃ kāryakārī drśyate | nanu ca yo’syā nandīrāga- 

sahagatāyāstrṡṇāyā: kṡayo virāgo nirodho nirvāṇamityuktam, na ca kṡayamātraṃ bhāvo 

bhavitumarhati | tathā- 

pradyotasyeva nirvāṇaṃ vimokṡastasya cetasa: | 

ityuktam | na ca pradyotasya nivrttirbhāva ityupapadyate | ucyate | naitadevaṃ vijñeyaṃ trṡṇāyā: 

kṡaya: trṡṇākṡaya: iti | kiṃ tarhi trṡṇāyā: kṡayo’sminniti nirvāṇākhye dharme sati 

bhavati, sa trṡṇākṡaya iti vaktavyam {1. ##T## veditavyam ##for## vaktavyam.} | pradīpaśca drṡṭāntamātram | tatrāpi yasmin sati 

cetaso vimokṡo bhavatīti veditavyamiti || 

evaṃ bhāve nirvāṇa vyavasthāpite ācāryo nirūpayati—bhāvastāvanna nirvāṇam | 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmājjarāmaraṇalakṡaṇaṃ prasajyeta, bhāvasya jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇāvyabhi- 

cāritvāt | tataśca nirvāṇameva tanna syāt, jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇatvādvijñānavat, 

ityabhiprāya: || 

tāmeva ca jarāmaraṇalakṡaṇavyabhicāritāṃ spaṡṭayannāha—asti bhāvo hi na 

jarāmaraṇaṃ vineti | yo hi jarāmaraṇarahita:, sa bhāva eva na saṃbhavati, khapuṡpavat, 

jarāmaraṇarahitatvāt ||4|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

bhāvaśca yadi nirvāṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ saṃskrtaṃ bhavet | 

nāsaṃskrto hi vidyate bhāva: kvacana kaścana ||5|| 

yadi nirvāṇaṃ bhāva: syāt, tadā tannirvāṇaṃ saṃskrtaṃ bhavet, vijñānādivat | bhāva—

tvāt yastu asaṃskrta: nāsau bhāva:, tadyathā kharaviṡāṇavaditi vyatirekamupadarśayannāha—

nāsaṃskrto hi vidyate bhāva: kvacana kaścana | 

kvacanetyadhikaraṇe deśe kāle siddhānte vā | kaścanetyādheye | ādhyātmiko 

bāhyātmiko vetyartha: ||5|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

bhāvaśca yadi nirvāṇamanupādāya tatkatham | 

nirvāṇaṃ nānupādāya kaścid bhāvo hi vidyate ||6|| 

@259

yadi bhavanmatena nirvāṇaṃ bhāva: syāt, tadupādāya bhavet, svakāraṇasāmagrīmāśritya 

bhavedityartha: | na caivamupādāya nirvāṇamiṡyate, kiṃ tarhi anupādāya | tadyadi bhāvo 

nirvāṇamanupādāya, tat kathaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt ? naiva anupādāya syāt, bhāvatvāt, vijñānā- 

divat | vyatirekakāraṇamāha—nānupādāya kaścidbhāvo hi vidyate iti ||6|| 

atrāha—yadi bhāvo hi nirvāṇam, yathoditadoṡaprasaṅgāt, kiṃ tarhi abhāva eva 

nirvāṇam, kleśajanmanivrttimātratvāditi ? ucyate | etadapyayuktam, yasmāt—

yadi bhāvo na nirvāṇamabhāva: kiṃ bhaviṡyati | 

nirvāṇaṃ yatra bhāvo na nābhāvastatra vidyate ||7|| 

yadi bhāvo nirvāṇaṃ neṡyate, yadi nirvāṇaṃ bhāva iti neṡyate, tadā kimabhāvo 

bhaviṡyati nirvāṇam ? abhāvo’pi na bhaviṡyatītyartha: | kleśajanmanorabhāvo nirvāṇa- 

miti cet, eva tarhi kleśajanmanoranityatā nirvāṇamiti syāt | anityataiva hi 

kleśajanmanorabhāvo nānyat, ityata: anityataiva nirvāṇaṃ syāt | na caitadiṡṭam, ayatne- 

naiva mokṡaprasaṅgādityuktamevaitat ||7|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

yadyabhāvaśca nirvāṇamanupādāya tatkatham  | 

nirvāṇaṃ na hyabhāvo’sti yo’nupādāya vidyate ||8|| 

tatra abhāva: anityatā vā bhāvamupādāya prajñapyate, kharaviṡāṇādīnāmanityatānupa- 

lambhāt | lakṡaṇamāśritya lakṡyaṃ prajñapyate, lakṡyamāśritya ca lakṡaṇam | ata: parasparā- 

pekṡikyām % lakṡyalakṡaṇapravrttau kuto lakṡyaṃ bhāvamapekṡya anityatā bhaviṡyati ? tasmāda- 

bhāvo’pyupādāya prajñapyate | tato yadi abhāvaśca nirvāṇam, tat kathamanupādāya nirvāṇaṃ 

bhavet ? upādāyaiva tadbhavet, abhāvatvādvināśavat | etadeva spaṡṭayannāha—na hyabhāvo’sti 

yo’nupādāya vidyate iti || 

yadi tarhi abhāva: anupādāya nāsti, kimidānīmupādāya vandhyāputrādayo’bhāvā 

bhaviṡyanti ? kenaitaduktaṃ vandhyāputrādayo’bhāvā iti ? uktaṃ hi pūrvam- 

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhirabhāvo naiva sidhyati | 

bhāvasya hyanyathābhāvamabhāvaṃ bruvate janā: ||iti| 

[ma^ śā^-15.5]

tasmānna vandhyāputrādīnāmabhāvatvam | yaccāpyucyate—

ākāśaṃ śaśaśrṅgaṃ ca vandhyāyā: putra eva ca | 

asantaścābhilapyante {1. asanto hyabhilapyante ##at 2. 166, but as above at 10.453.##} tathā bhāveṡu kalpanā ||iti| 

[laṅkāvatārasūtra-2.166, 10.453]

@260

tatrāpi bhāvakalpanāpratiṡedhamātram, na abhāvakalpanā, bhāvatvāsiddhereveti 

vijñeyam | vandhyāputra iti śabdamātramevaitat, na asya artha: upalabhyate, yasyārthasya 

bhāvatvamabhāvatvaṃ vā syāditi | kuta: anupalabhyamānasvabhāvasya bhāvābhāvakalpanā 

yokṡyate ? tasmāt na vandhyāputro’bhāva iti vijñeyam | tataśca sthitameva na hyabhāvo’sti 

yo’nupādāya vidyate iti ||8|| 

atrāha—yadi bhāvo nirvāṇaṃ na bhavati, abhāvo’pi, kiṃ tarhi nirvāṇamiti ? 

ucyate | iha hi bhagavadbhistathāgatai:-

ya ājavaṃjavībhāva upādāya pratītya vā | 

so’pratītyānupādāya nirvāṇamupadiśyate ||9|| 

tatra ājavaṃjavībhāva: āgamanagamanabhāvajanmamaraṇaparaṃparetyartha: | sa cāyamāja- 

vaṃjavībhāva: kadāciddhetupratyayasāmagrīmāśritya astīti prajñapyate dīrghahrasvavat | kadā-

cidutpadyata iti prajñapyate pradīpaprabhāvad bījāṅkuravat | sarvathā yadyayamupādāya prajñapyate, 

yadi vā pratītya jāyata iti vyavasthāpyate, sarvathāsya janmamaraṇaparaṃparāprabandhasya 

apratītya vā anupādāya vā apravrttistasnnirvāṇamiti vyavasthāpyate | na ca apravrttimātraṃ 

bhāvo’bhāvo veti parikalpitu pāryata iti | evaṃ na bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇam || 

atha vā | yeṡāṃ saṃskārā: saṃsarantīti pakṡa:, teṡāṃ pratītya pratītya ya utpādaśca 

vināśaśca, so’pratītyāpravartamāno nirvāṇamiti kathyate | yeṡāṃ tu pudgala: saṃsarati, teṡāṃ 

tasya nityānityatvenāvācyasya tattadupādānamāśritya ya ājavaṃjavībhāva: sa upādāya 

pravartate, sa evopādāyopādāya pravartayamāna: sannidānīmanupādāyāpravartayamāno nirvāṇa- 

miti vyapadiśyate | na ca saṃskārāṇāṃ pudgalasya vā apravrttimātrakaṃ bhāvo’bhāvo veti 

śakyaṃ parikalpayitum | ityato’pi na bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yujyate ||9|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

prahāṇaṃ cābravīcchāstā bhavasya vibhavasya ca | 

tasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yujyate ||10|| 

tatra sūtra {1. ##The Pali text corre ponding to it is## udāna, ##iii. 10##.} uktam—ye kecidbhikṡavo bhavena bhavasya ni:saraṇaṃ paryeṡante vibhavena 

vā, aparijñānaṃ [taṃ ?] tatteṡāmiti | ubhayaṃ hyetat parity#jya bhave trṡṇā vibhave 

trṡṇā ca | na caitannirvāṇaṃ prahātavyamuktaṃ bhagavatā, kiṃ tarhi aprahātavyam | tadyadi nirvāṇaṃ 

bhāvarūpaṃ syādabhāvarūpaṃ vā, tadapi prahātavyaṃ bhavet | na ca prahātavyam | 

tasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yujyate || 

@261

yeṡāmapi kleśajanmanostatrābhāvādabhāvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ svayaṃ ca bhāvarūpatvādbhāva- 

rūpamityubhayarūpam, teṡāmubhayarūpamiti nirvāṇaṃ nopapadyate, iti pratipādayannāha—

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca  nirvāṇamubhayaṃ yadi | 

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca mokṡastacca na yujyate ||11|| 

yadi bhāvābhāvobhayarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt, tadā bhāvaśca abhāvaśca mokṡa iti syāt | 

tataśca ya: saṃskārāṇāmātmalābha: tasya ca vigama:, sa eva mokṡa: syāt | na ca saṃskārā 

eva mokṡa iti yujyate | ata evāha—tacca na yujyate iti ||11|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇamubhayaṃ yadi | 

nānupādāya nirvāṇamupādāyobhayaṃ hi tat ||12|| 

yadi bhāvābhāvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt, tadā hetupratyayasāmagrīmupādāya āśritya 

bhavet, na anupādāya | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmādupādāyobhayaṃ hi tat | bhāvamupādāya 

abhāva:, abhāvaṃ copādāya bhāva:, iti krtvā ubhayametad bhāvaṃ ca abhāvaṃ ca upādāyaiva 

bhavati, na anupādāya | evaṃ nirvāṇaṃ bhaved bhāvābhāvarūpam | na caitadevam, iti na 

yuktametat ||12|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇamubhayaṃ katham | 

asaṃskrtaṃ ca nirvāṇaṃ bhāvābhāvau ca saṃskrtau ||13|| 

bhāvo hi svahetupratyayasāmagrīsaṃbhūtatvāt saṃskrta: | abhāvo’pi [bhāvaṃ] pratītya 

saṃbhrtatvāt, jātipratyayajarāmaraṇavacanācca saṃskrta: | tadyadi bhāvābhāvasvabhāvaṃ nirvāṇaṃ 

syāt, tadā na asaṃskrtam, [kiṃ tu] saṃskrtameva | yasmānna ca saṃskrtamiṡyate, tasmānna 

bhāvābhāvasvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ yujyate ||13|| 

athāpi syāt—naiva hi nirvāṇaṃ bhāvābhāvasvarūpam, kiṃ tarhi nirvāṇe bhāvā- 

bhāvāviti | evamapi na yuktam | kuta: ? yasmāt—

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇe ubhayaṃ katham | 

{1. ##This line of the## kārikā ##is missing in Mss. as also in the Tibetan translation, but is given in the translation of the text of## kārikās ##found in Mdo, XVII and is also cited in the## madhyamakāvātāra ##by Candrakirti Poussin reads## na tayorekatrāstitvam.} tayorekatra nāstitvamālokatamasoryathā] ||14|| 

@262

bhāvābhāvayorapi parasparaviruddhayorekatra nirvāṇe nāsti saṃbhava iti, ata:, 

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇe ubhayaṃ katham | 

naiva bhavedityabhiprāya: ||14|| 

idānīṃ yathā naiva bhāvo naivābhāvo nirvāṇaṃ yujyate, tathā pratipādayannāha—

naivābnhāvo naiva bhāvo nirvāṇamiti yāñjanā | 

abhāve caiva bhāve ca sā siddhe sati sidhyati ||15|| 

yadi hi bhāvo nāma kaścit syāt, tadā tatpratiṡedhena naiva bhāvo nirvāṇamityeṡā 

kalpanā, yadi kaścidabhāva: syāt, tadā tatpratiṡedhena naivābhāvo nirvāṇaṃ syāt | yadā 

ca bhāvābhāvāveva na sta:, tadā tatpratiṡedho’pi nāstīti | tasmānnaiva bhāvo naivābhāvo 

nirvāṇamiti yā kalpanā, sāpi nopapadyata eva | iti na yuktametat ||15|| 

kiṃ cānyat—

naivābhāvo naiva bhāvo nirvāṇaṃ yadi vidyate | 

naivābhāvo naiva bhāva iti kena tadajyate ||16|| 

yadi etannirvāṇaṃ naivābhāvarūpaṃ naiva bhāvarūpamastīti kalpyate, kena tadānīṃ 

taditthaṃvidhaṃ nobhayarūpaṃ nirvāṇamastīti ajyate grhyate prakāśate vā ? kiṃ tatra nirvāṇe 

kaścidevaṃvidha: pratipattāsti, atha nāsti ? yadi asti, evaṃ sati nirvāṇe’pi tavātmā 

syāt | n aceṡṭam, nirupādānasyātmano’stitvābhāvāt | atha nāsti, kenaitaditthaṃvidhaṃ 

nirvāṇamastīti paricchidyate ? saṃsārāvasthita: paricchinattīti cet, yadi saṃsārāvasthita: 

paricchinatti, sa kiṃ vijñānena paricchinatti, uta jñānena ? yadi vijñāneneti 

parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmānnimittālambanaṃ vijñānam, na ca nirvāṇe- 

kiṃcinnimittamasti, tasmānna tattāvadvijñānenālambyate | jñānenāpi na jñāyate | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? yasmād jñānena hi śūnyatālambanena bhavitavyam, tacca anutpādarūpameveti, 

kathaṃ tenāvidyamānasvarūpeṇa naivābhāvo naiva bhāvo nirvāṇamiti grhyate, sarvaprapañcātīta- 

rūpatvād jñānasyeti | tasmānna kenacinnirvāṇaṃ naivābhāvo naiva bhāva ityajyate | 

anajyamānamaprakāśyamānamagrhyamāṇaṃ tadevamastīti na yujyate ||16|| 

sarvathā yathā ca nirvāṇe etāśca tasra: kalpanā na saṃbhavanti, evaṃ nirvāṇādhi- 

gantaryapi tathāgate etā: kalpanā naiva saṃbhavantīti pratipādayannāha—

paraṃ nirodhādbhagavān bhavatītyeva nohyate | 

na bhavatyubhayaṃ ceti nobhayaṃ ceti nohyate ||17|| 

@263

uktaṃ hi pūrvam—

{1. ##Although the contents of this## kārikā ##are identical with that given in xxii. 13, the wording of the original as well  as of the Tibetan Translation differs. There the Sk. version runs :-## 

yena grāho grhītastu ghano’stīti tathāgata: | 

nāstīti sa vikalpayan nirvrtasyāpi kalpayet ||} ghanagrāhagrhītastu yenāstīti tathāgata: | 

nāstīti vā kalpayan sa nirvrtasya vikalpayet || 

[ma^ śā^-22.13] 

evaṃ tāvat paraṃ nirodhādbhavati tathāgato na bhavati ceti nohyate | etaddvayasyā- 

bhāvādubhayamityapi nohyate | ubhayasyābhāvādeva nobhayamiti nohyate na grhyate ||17|| 

na ca kevalaṃ paraṃ nirodhāccaturbhi: prakārairbhagavānnohyate, api ca—

tiṡṭhamāno’pi bhagavān bhavatītyeva nohyate | 

na bhavatyubhayaṃ ceti nobhayaṃ ceti nohyate ||18|| 

yathā nājyaṃ na cohyaṃ tathā tathāgataparīkṡāyāṃ pratipāditam ||18|| 

ata eva—

na saṃsārasya nirvāṇātkiṃcidasti viśeṡaṇam | 

na nirvāṇasya saṃsārātkiṃcidasti viśeṡaṇam ||19|| 

yasmāttiṡṭhannapi bhagavān bhavatītyevamādinā nohyate, parinirvrto’pi nohyate 

bhavatītyevamādinā, ata eva saṃsāranirvāṇayo: parasparato nāsti kaścidviśeṡa:, vicārya- 

māṇayostulyarūpatvāt | yaccāpīdamuktaṃ bhagavatā-anavarāgro hi bhikṡavo jātijarā- 

maraṇasaṃsāra iti, tadapi ata evopapannam, saṃsāranirvāṇayorviśeṡasyābhāvāt ||19|| 

tathāhi—

nirvāṇasya ca yā koṭi: koṭi: saṃsaraṇasya ca | 

na tayorantaraṃ kiṃcitsusūkṡmamapi vidyate ||20|| 

na ca kevalaṃ saṃsārasya nirvāṇenāviśiṡṭatvāt pūrvāparakoṭikalpanā na saṃbhavati, 

yā apyetā:- 

paraṃ nirodhādantādyā: śāśvatādyāśca drṡṭaya: | 

nirvāṇamaparāntaṃ ca pūrvāntaṃ ca samāśritā: ||21|| 

tā api ata eva nopapadyante, saṃsāranirvāṇayorubhayorapi prakrtiśāntatvenaikarasatvāt || 

@264

tatra paraṃ nirodhādityanenopalakṡaṇena catasro drṡṭaya: parigrhyante | tadyathā-bhavati 

tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, na bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāt, bhavati ca na bhavati ca tathāgata: 

paraṃ maraṇāt, naiva bhavati na na bhavati tathāgata: paraṃ maraṇāditi | etāścatasro drṡṭayo 

nirvāṇaparāmarśena pravrttā: || 

antādyā api drṡṭaya: | tadyathā-antavān loka:, anantavāṃśca, antavāṃścā- 

nantavāṃśca, naivāntavān nānantavān loka: iti | etāścatasro drṡṭayo’parāntaṃ samāśritya 

pravrttā: | tatra ātmano lokasya vā  anāgatamutpādamapaśyan antavān loka ityevaṃ kalpayan 

aparāntamālambya pravartate | evamanāgatamutpādaṃ paśyan anantavān loka iti pravartate | 

paśyaṃśca apaśyaṃśca ubhayathā pratipadyate | dvayapratiṡedhena naivāntavān nānantavāniti 

pratipadyate | śāśvato loka:, aśāśvato loka:, śāsvataścāśāśvataśca, naivaśāśvato naivā-

śāśvato loka:, ityetāścatasro drṡṭaya: pūrvāntaṃ samāśritya pravartante | tatra ātmano 

lokasya vā atītamutpādaṃ paśyan śāśvato loka iti pratipadyate, apaśyannaśāśvata iti 

pratipadyate, paśyaṃśca apaśyaṃśca śāśvataścāśāśvataśceti pratipadyate, naiva paśyannaivāpaśyan 

naivaśāśvato nāśāśvataśceti pratipadyate pūrvāntamāśritya | tāścaitā drṡṭaya: kathaṃ yujyante ? 

yadi kasyacitpadārthasya kaścit svabhāvo bhavet, tasya bhāvābhāvakalpanāt syuretā drṡṭaya: | 

yadā tu saṃsāranirvāṇayoraviśeṡa: pratipādita:, tadā- 

śūnyeṡu sarvadharmeṡu kimanantaṃ kimantavat | 

kimanantamantavacca nānantaṃ nāntavacca kim ||22|| 

kiṃ tadeva kimanyatkiṃ śāśvataṃ  kimaśāśvatam | 

aśāśvataṃ śāśvataṃ ca kiṃ vā nobhayamapyata: ||23|| 

caturdaśāpyetāni avyākrtavastūni {1. ##Candrakirti does not explain the last two## avyākrtas, ##viz,## kiṃ tadeva kimanyatkim.} asati bhāvasvarūpe naiva yujyante | yastu 

bhāvasvarūpamadhyāropya tadvigamāvigamata: etā drṡṭīrutpādya abhiniviśate, tasyāyamabhi- 

niveśo nirvāṇapuragāminaṃ panthānaṃ niruṇaddhi, sāṃsārikeṡu ca du:kheṡu niyojayatīti 
vijñeyam ||23|| 
atrāha—yadi evaṃ bhavatā nirvāṇamapi pratiṡiddham, nanu ca ya eṡa bhagavatā 
anantacaritasattvarāśyanuvartakena viditāviparītasakalajagadāśayasvabhāvena {2. ##T om.## āśaya.}mahākaruṇā- 

paratantreṇa priyaikaputrakapremānugatāśeṡatribhuvanajanena{3. ##T om.## priyaika…janena.} caritapratipakṡānurūpo dharmo deśito 

lokasya nirvāṇādhigamārtham, sa evaṃ sati vyartha eva jāyate | ucyate—yadi kaściddharmo 

nāma svabhāvarūpata: syāt, kecicca sattvāstasya dharmasya śrotāra: syu:, kaścidvā deśitā 

buddho bhagavānnāma bhāvasvabhāva: syāt, syādetadevam | yadā tu—

@265

sarvopalambhopaśama: prapañcopaśama: śiva: | 

na kvacitkasyacitkaściddharmo buddhena deśita: ||24|| 

tadā kuto’smākaṃ yathoktadoṡaprasaṅga: ? iha hi sarveṡāṃ prapañcānāṃ nimittānāṃ ya 

upaśamo’pravrttistannirvāṇam | sa eva copaśama: prakrtyaivopaśāntatvācchiva: | vācāma- 

pravrttervā prapañcopaśamaścittasyāpravrtte: śiva: | kleśānāmapravrttyā vā janmano’pravrttyā 

śiva: | kleśaprahāṇena vā prapañcopaśamo niravaśeṡavāsanāprahāṇe śiva: | jñeyānupalabdhyā 

vā prapañcopaśamo jñānānupalabdhyā śiva: | yadā caivaṃ buddhā bhagavanta: sarvaprapañcopaśāntarūpe 

nirvāṇe śive’sthānayogena nabhasīva haṃsarājā: sthitā: svapuṇyajñānasaṃbhārapakṡapātavāte 

vātagagane vā gaganasyākiṃcanatvāt, tadā sarvanimittānupalambhānna kvaciddeveṡu vā manuṡyeṡu vā 

na kasyaciddevasya vā manuṡyasya vā na kaściddharma: sāṃkleśiko vā vaiyavadāniko vā deśita 

iti vijñeyam | yathoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre—“yāṃ ca rātriṃ śāntamate tathāgato’nuttarāṃ 

samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbuddha:, yāṃ ca rātrimanupādāya parinirvāsyati, atrāntare tathāgate- 

naikamapyakṡaraṃ nodāhrtaṃ na vyāhrtaṃ nāpi pravyāharati nāpi pravyāhariṡyati | atha ca yathā-

dhimuktā: sarvasattvā nānādhātvāśayāstāṃ tāṃ vividhāṃ tathāgatavācaṃ niścarantīṃ saṃjānanti | 

teṡāmevaṃ prthak prthagbhavati—ayaṃ bhagavānasmabhyamimaṃ dharmaṃ deśayati, vayaṃ ca tathāgatasya 

dharmadeśanāṃ śrṇuma: | tatra tathāgato na kalpayati na vikalpayati | sarvakalpavikalpajāla- 

vāsanāprapañcavigato hi śāntamate tathāgata:” | iti vistara: || 

tathā- 

avāca’nakṡarā: sarvaśūnyā: śāntādinirmalā: | 

ya evaṃ jānati dharmān kumāro buddha socyate || 

yadi tarhyevaṃ na kvacitkasyacitkaściddharmo buddhena deśita:, tatkathamime ete 

vicitrā: pravacanavyavahārā: prajñāyante ? ucyate | avidyānidrānugatānāṃ dehināṃ svapnāya- 

mānānāmiva svavikalpābhyudaya eṡa:-ayaṃ bhagavān sakalatribhuvanasurāsuranaranātha: 

ima dharmamasmabhyaṃ deśayatīti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

tathāgato hi pratibimbabhūta: 

kuśalasya dharmasya anāsravasya | 

naivātra tathatā na tathāgato’sti 

bimbaṃ ca saṃdrśyati sarvaloke ||iti| 

etacca tathāgatavāgguhyaparivarte vistareṇa vyākhyātam | tataśca nirvāṇārthaṃ dharma- 

deśanāyā abhāvāt kuto dharmadeśanāyā: sadbhāvena nirvāṇasyāstitvaṃ bhaviṡyati ? 

tasmānnirvāṇamapi nāstīti siddham | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-

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anirvāṇaṃ hi nirvāṇaṃ lokanāthena deśitam | 

ākāśena krto granthirākāśenaiva mocita: ||iti| 

tathā-na teṡāṃ bhagavan saṃsārasamatikramo ye nirvāṇaṃ bhāvata: paryeṡante | tatkasya 

heto: ? nirvāṇamiti bhagavan ya: praśama: sarvanimittānāmuparati: sarveñjitasamiñjitā- 

nām | tadime bhagavan mohapuruṡā ye svākhyāte dharmavinaye pravrajya tīrthikadrṡṭau nipatitā 

nirvāṇaṃ bhāvata: paryeṡante tadyathā tilebhyastailaṃ kṡīrātsarpi: | atyantaparinirvrteṡu bhagavan 

sarvadharmeṡu ye nirvāṇa mārganti tānahamābhimānikān {1. ##T om.## ābhimānikān.} tīrthikāniti vadāmi | na bhagavan 

yogācāra: samyak pratipanna: kasyaciddharmasyotpādaṃ vā nirodha vā karoti, nāpi kasya- 

ciddharmasya prāptimicchati nābhisamayamiti vistara: || 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

nirvāṇaparīkṡā nāma pañcaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

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26

dvādaśāṅgaparīkṡā ṡaḍviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |
atrāha—yaduktam—

ya: pratītyasamutpāda: śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṡmahe | 

sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā ||iti, 

[ma^ śā^-24.18] 

ka: punarasau pratītyasamutpāda:, ya: śūnyatetyucyate ? 

atha vā | yadetaduktam—

ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyatīdaṃ sa paśyati | 

du:khaṃ samudayaṃ caiva nirodhaṃ mārgameva ca ||iti, 

[ma^ śā^-24.40] 

tatkatamo’sau pratītyasamutpāda: iti ? atastadaṅgaprabhedavivakṡayedamucyate—

punarbhavāya saṃskārānavidyānivrtastridhā | 

abhisaṃskurute yāṃstairgatiṃ gacchati karmabhi: ||1|| 

atra avidyā ajñānaṃ tamo yathābhūtārthapracchādakaṃ stimitatā {1. ##T om.## stimitatā, ##but has## tayā avidyayā nivrtta:.} | avidyayā nivrta: 

chādita: pudgala: punarbhavāya punarbharvārthaṃ punarbhavotpattyarthamabhisaṃskāroti utpādayati yān 

kuśalādicetanāviśeṡāṃste {2. ##Mss.## kuśalākuśalāneñjyādicetanāviśeṡāste ##for## kuśalādicetanāviśeṡāṃste.} punarbhavābhisaṃskārāt saṃskārā: | te ca trividhā:-kuśalā 

akuśalā ānejyāśca, yadi vā-kāyikā vācikā mānasāśceti | tāṃstrividhān karma- 

lakṡaṇān saṃskārānavidyānivrta: pudgala: karoti | taiśca saṃskārairabhisaṃskrtai: karmabhi: 

karmas aṃjñitai: taddhetukāṃ gatiṃ gacchati ||1|| 

tato’sya—

vijñānaṃ saṃniviśate saṃskārapratyayaṃ gatau | 

krtopacitasaṃskārasyāsya pudgalasya saṃskārānurūpāyāṃ gatau devādikāyāṃ 

saṃskārahetukaṃ vijñānaṃ saṃniviśati upapadyate saṃsārānarthabījabhūtam {3. ##Mss.## saṃskārā^ ##for## saṃsārā^,} | tata uttarakālam—

saṃniviṡṭe’tha vijñāne nāmarūpaṃ niṡicyate ||2|| 

tatra karmakleśāviddhaṃ tasmiṃstasminnupapattyāyatane nāmayatīti nāma, saṃjñāvaśena 

vā artheṡu nāmayatīti nāma | 

@268

catvāro’rūpiṇa: skandhā nāmeti vyapadiśyate | 

rūpyata iti rūpam | bādhyata ityartha: | idaṃ ca rūpaṃ pūrvakaṃ ca nāma, ubhayametadabhi- 

saṃkṡipya nāmarūpamiti vyavasthāpyate | tatra bimbapratibimbanyāyena svādhyāyadīpamudrā- 

pratimudrādinyāyena {1. ##T om.## svādhyāya…vā.} vā māraṇāntikeṡu skandheṡu nirudhyamāneṡu ekasminneva kṡaṇe tulā- 

daṇḍanāmonnāmanyāyenaiva aupapattyāṃśikā: skandhā yathākarmākṡepata upajāyante | 

evaṃ {2. ##T om. from## evaṃ ca ##down to## bimbapratibimbādinyāyena  ##on page…below.##} ca bimbipratibimbamudrāpratimudrānyāyena pratītyasamutpāda: sidhyati | tulādaṇḍa- 

nāmonnāmanyāyena tu yadvijñānaṃ saṃniviśate ityuktam, tad bālalokabādhānurodhena, 

samānakāla eva bhavapratisaṃdhiriti | 

tathā samānena samānakālaṃ 

lokasya du:khaṃ ca sukhodayaṃ ca | 

hartuṃ ca kartuṃ ca sadāstu śakti- 

stama: prakāśaṃ ca yathaiva bhāno: ||iti| 

[madhyamakāvatāra—6.18] 

na tu puna: pratītyasamutpādasvarūpavicakṡaṇānāmevaṃ vaktuṃ yujyate sāhacaryāditva- 

mekakṡaṇe tulādaṇḍanāmonnāmadrṡṭānteneti | 

janmonmukhaṃ na sadidaṃ yadi jāyamānaṃ 

nāśonmukhaṃ sadapi nāma nirudhyamānam | 

iṡṭaṃ tadā kathamidaṃ tulayā samānaṃ 

kartrā vinā janiriyaṃ na ca yuktarūpā || 

[madhyamakāvatāra-6.19] 

ityādivacanāt | yathā bimbapratibimbamudrāpratimudrādinyāyena kṡaṇikatvaṃ neṡyate bhavadbhi:, 

tathā anyasyāpi bhāvasya utpādasamanantaradhvaṃsina: kṡaṇikatvaṃ na yuktam | yata: 

jātijarāsthityanityatākhyāni catvāri saṃskrtalakṡaṇāni utpadyamānasya bhāvasya 
bāhyasya ādhyātmikasya vā ekasminneva kṡaṇe bhavantotyabhidharmapāṭha: | tatra jātijarayo: 

parasparavirodhāt sthityanityatayośca ekasminneva bhāve na yugapatsaṃbhava iṡyate sadbhi: | 

kṡaṇike sarvathābhāvātkuta: kācitpurāṇatā | 

sthairyādakṡaṇike cāpi kuta: kācitpurāṇatā || 

yathānto’sti kṡaṇasyaivamādimadhyaṃ ca kalpyatām | 

antakatvātkṡaṇasyaivaṃ na lokasya kṡaṇasthiti: || 

@269

ādimadhyāvasānāni cintyāni kṡaṇavatpuna: | 

ādimadhyavasānatvaṃ na svata: parato’pi vā || 

iti madhyamakasiddhāntapāṭhāt kṡaṇikapadārthāsiddherasiddhiravaseyā | na ca jāti- 

maraṇayo: parasparabhinnalakṡaṇayo: ekasmin kṡaṇe saṃbhavo bhavet, saṃśayaniścayajñāna- 

yorālokāndhakārayorjñānājñānayorbījāṅkurayormaraṇabhavopapattibhavayorbhinnalakṡaṇayorityā- 

divat | parasparanirapekṡayoreva svahetupratyayasiddhayo: sahabhāvo yujyate savyetaragovi- 

ṡāṇayoryuvatistanayornarakarṇayorityādivat, na tu puna: kadācidapi parasparaviruddhayo- 

rvināśotpādayo: | yathoktaṃ rāgaraktaparīkṡāyām—

sahaiva punarudbhūtirna yuktā rāgaraktayo: | 

bhavetāṃ rāgaraktau hi nirapekṡau parasparam || 

naikatve sahabhāvo’sti na tenaiva hi tatsaha | 

prthaktve sahabhāvo’tha kuta eva bhaviṡyati || 

evaṃ raktena rāgasya siddhirna saha nāsaha | 

rāgavatsarvadharmāṇāṃ siddhirna saha nāsaha || 

[ma^ śā^-6.3,4,10] 

iti pratiṡedhāt kuta: samānakālatā bhāvānāṃ maraṇabhavopapattibhavayoriti ? ata: 

sahabhāvo vineyajanabodhānurodhapravrtta eveti lakṡyate | tena naikasminneva kṡaṇe nāmonnāmau 

tulāyā: saṃbhavata: nāmonnāmayo: kālabhedāt | balavatpuruṡācchaṭāmātreṇa pañcaṡaṡṭi: kṡaṇā 

atikrāmantīti pāṭhāt, utpalapatraśatasahasravedhavat sūcyagreṇeti | tathāpi atra utpala- 

patraśatasahasravedha: sūcyagreṇa karmaśo vedho’vaseya: kṡaṇānāmatisūkṡmatvāt | ekakṡaṇena 

ślokākṡarapadodāharaṇavat || 

kiṃ ca—

anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam || 

ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ prapañcopaśamaṃ śivam | 

[ma^ śā^-1.1-2] 

iti pāṭhādutpādanirodhayorasaṃbhava eva pratipādita: śāstre madhyamake | āgamasūtreṡu—

avināśamanutpannaṃ dharmadhātusamaṃ jagat | 

sattvadhātuṃ ca deśeti eṡā lokānuvartanā || 

trīṡu adhvasu sattvānāṃ prakrtiṃ nopalambhati | 

sattvadhātuṃ ca deśeti eṡā lokānuvartanā || ityādi | 

@270

tathā- 

phenapiṇḍopamaṃ rūpaṃ vedanā budbudopamā | 

marīcisadrśī saṃjñā saṃskārā: kadalīnibhā: || 

māyopamaṃ ca vijñānamuktamādityabandhunā || 

evaṃ dharmān vīkṡamāṇo bhikṡurārabdhavīryavān | 

divā vā yadi vā rātrau saṃprajānan pratismrta: | 

pratividhyetpadaṃ śāntaṃ saṃskāropaśamaṃ śivam ||iti\| 

etāśca gāthā: sarvanikāyaśāstrasūtreṡu paṭhyante | ata: phenapiṇḍādīnāṃ hetupratyaya- 

sāmagrīṃ prāpya pratītya samutpannānāṃ sāravastuvigatānāṃ kuta: kṡaṇikākṡaṇikacinteti ? 

mahāyānasūtreṡu ca-

supinopamā bhavagatī sakalā 

na hi kaści jāyati na co mriyate | 

na ca karma naśyati kadāci krtaṃ 

phalu deti krṡṇaśubha saṃsarato || 

na ca śāśvataṃ na ca uccheda puno 

na ca karmas aṃcayu na cāpi sthiti: | 

na ca so’pi krtva punarāsprśatī 

na ca anyu krtva puna vedayate || 

[samādhirājasūtra-29.13-16] 

yathā kumārī supine#ntarasmiṃ 

svaputra jātaṃ ca mrtaṃ ca paśyati | 

jāte’tituṡṭā mrti daurmanasyitā

tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirājasūtra-9.17] 

yathaiva grāmāntari lekhadarśanāt 

kriyā: pravartanti prthak śubhāśubhā: | 

na lekhasaṃkrānti girāya vidyate 

tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || 

[samādhirāja-9.7] 

mudrātpratimudra drśyate 

mudrasaṃkrānti na copalabhyate | 

@271

na ca tatra na caiva sānyato

evaṃ saṃskāra’nucchedaśāśvatā: || 

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro 

na ca yo bīju sa caiva aṅkuro | 

na ca anyu tato na caiva tat 

evamanuccheda aśāśvata dharmatā || 

yatha muñja pratītya balbajaṃ 

rajju vyāyāmabalena vartitā | 

ghaṭiyantra sacakra vartate 

teṡu ekaikasu nāsti vartanā || 
tatha sarvabhavāṅgavartinī 

anyamanyopacayena niśritā | 

ekaikeṡu teṡu vartanī 

pūrvamaparāntatu nopalabhyate || 

[lalitavistara—13.100-103,104] 

ata evoktamācāryanāgārjunapādai:- 

svādhyāyadīpamudrādarpaṇaghoṡārkakāntabījāmlai: | 

skandhapratisaṃdhirasaṃkramaśca vidvadbhirupadhāryau ||iti| 

śatakaśāstre ca āryadevapādairmahābodhicaryāsthiraprasthānasthitai:-

alātacakranirmāṇasvapnamāyāmbucandrakai: | 

dhūmikānta:pratiśrutkāmarīcyabhrai: samo bhava: ||iti|| 

[catu:śataka-13. 25] 

tadevaṃ {1. ##T resumes the translation from here.##} bimbapratibimbādinyāyena mātu: kukṡau vijñāne saṃmūrcchite vijñānapratyayaṃ 

nāmarūpaṃ niṡicyate, kṡarati prādurbhavatītyartha: | yadi iha gatau vijñānaṃ na saṃmūrchitaṃ syāt, 

tadā nāmarūpaprādurbhāvo na syāt | 

sacedānanda vijñānaṃ mātu: kukṡiṃ nāvakrāmeta, na tat kalalaṃ kalalatvāya saṃvarteta | 

iti vacanāt ||2|| 

tadevam-

niṡikte nāmarūpe tu ṡaḍāyatanasaṃbhava: | 

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du:khotpattyā āyadvārabhāvena darśanaśravaṇaghrāṇarasasparśamana ākhyaṃ ṡaḍāyatana nāma- 

rūpahetukamupajāyate | sa{1. ##T om. from## sa cakṡuṡā ##down to## ^māyatanānām.} cakṡuṡā rūpāṇi drṡṭvā saumanasyasthānīyānyabhiniviśate, 

abhiniviṡṭa: san rāgajaṃ dveṡajaṃ mohajaṃ karma karotītyādinā du:khotpattāvāyadvāratvaṃ 

ṡaṇṇāmāyatanānām | tadevaṃ saṃbhūte ṡaḍāyatane uttarakālam-

ṡaḍāyatanamāgamya saṃsparśa: saṃpravartate ||3|| 

ka: punarayaṃ saṃsparśa:, kathaṃ vā saṃpravartate iti pratipādayannāha—

cakṡu: pratītya rūpaṃ ca samanvāhārameva ca | 

nāmarūpaṃ pratītyaivaṃ vijñānaṃ saṃpravartate ||4|| 

saṃnipātastrayāṇāṃ yo rūpavijñānacakṡuṡām | 

sparśa: sa: 

cakṡurindriyaṃ pratītya rūpāṇi ca samanvāhāraṃ ca pratītya manaskāraṃ viṡayādi- 

vilakṡaṇaṃ samanantarapratyayaṃ vijñānabījabhūtaṃ cakṡurvijñānamutpadyate | tatra cakṡuśca rūpāyatanaṃ 

ca rūpam | samanvāhāraścatu:skandhalakṡaṇaṃ nāma | tadetattrayaṃ pratītyotpadyamānaṃ cakṡurvijñānaṃ 

nāmarūpaṃ pratītyotpadyate | tadevameṡāmindriyaviṡayavijñānānāṃ trayāṇāṃ ya: saṃnipāta: 

sahotpāda: anyonyopakāreṇa tulyaṃ yā pravrtti:, sa sprṡṭilakṡaṇa: sparśa: | tata 

uttarakālam—

tasmātsparśācca vedanā saṃpravartate ||5|| 

iṡṭāniṡṭobhayaviparotaviṡayānubhūtirviṡayānubhavo vedanaṃ vittirvedanetyucyate | du:khā 

sukhā adu:khāsukhā ca trividhā | yathā caiṡāṃ rūpavijñānacakṡuṡāṃ trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātalakṡaṇaṃ 

sparśamāgamya vedanā uktā, evaṃ śeṡendriyaviṡayavijñānatrayasaṃnipātalakṡaṇasparśahetukā 

vedanā vyākhyeyā ||5|| 

tata uttarakālam—

vedanāpratyayā trṡṇā 

saṃpravartate iti vartate | vedanā pratyayo yasyāstrṡṇāyā: sā vedanāpratyayā | kiṃviṡayā 

puna: sā trṡṇā ? vedanāviṡayaiva | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmādasau trṡṇālu: 

vedanārthaṃ hi trṡyate | 

vedanānimittameva abhilāṡaṃ karotītyartha: | kathaṃ krtvā ? yadi tāvat sukhā 

vedanā asyopajāyate, sa tasyā: puna: puna: saṃyogārthaṃ paritrṡyate | atha du:khā, tadā tasyā 

visaṃyogārthaṃ paritrṡyate | atha adu:khāsukhā, tasyā api nityamaparibhraṃśārthaṃ {2. ##T om.## nityaṃ.} paritrṡyate | 

sa evam—

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trṡyamāṇa upādānamupādatte caturvidham ||6|| 

sa evaṃ vedanāsvabhiniviṡṭa: sakta : trṡṇāpratyayaṃ kāmadrṡṭiśilavratātmavādopādā- 

nākhyaṃ caturvidhaṃ karmākṡepakāraṇaṃ parigrhṇāti | tadevamasya trṡṇāpratyayamupādānaṃ 

bhavati ||6|| 

tata uttarakālam—

upādāne sati bhava upādātu: pravartate | 

syāddhi yadyanupādāno mucyete na bhavedbhava: ||7|| 

pañca skandhā: sa ca bhava: 

caturvidhasya yathoktasya upādānasya upādātā grahītā utpādayitā | tasya 

upādātu: upādānapratyayo bhava: upajāyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt, yo hi anutpādita- 

vedanātrṡṇa: pratisaṃkhyānabalena trṡṇāmasvīkurvan, caturvidhamupādānaṃ pravihāya upādātā 

amalādvayajñānasaṃmukhībhāvāt syāddhi yadyanupādāno mucyeta sa: | tadānīṃ tasya na 

bhavedbhava: || 

ka: punarayaṃ bhava: ? pañca skandhā: sa ca bhava: | ya: upādānāt pravartate, sa pañca- 

skandhasvabhāvo veditavya: | trividhamapi kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ mānasikaṃ cakarma bhavatyasmāda- 

nāgataṃ skandhapañcakaṃ bhava: iti vyapadiśyate | tatra kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ karma rūpaskandhasvabhāvaṃ 

karmavijñaptitvāt {1. ##T om.## karmavijñaptitvāt.} | mānasaṃ tu catu:skandhasvabhāvamiti | evaṃ sa bhava: pañca skandhā iti 

vijñeyam | tasmāt—

bhāvājjāti: pravartate | 

anāgataskandhotpādo jāti: | sā ca bhavāt pravartate | tata uttarakālam—

jarāmaraṇadu:khādi śokā: saparidevanā: ||8|| 

daurmanasyamupāyāsā jāteretatpravartate | 

jātihetukā ete jarāmaraṇādaya: pravartante | eṡāṃ ca yathāsūtrameva vyākhyānaṃ 

veditavyam | tatra skandhaparipāko jarā | jīrṇasya skandhabhedo maraṇam | mriyamāṇasya 

vigacchata: saṃmūḍhasya sābhiṡaṅgo hrdayasaṃtāpa: śoka: | śokasamutthito vākpralāpa: 

parideva: | pañcendriyāsātanipāto du:kham | manoniṡṭanipāto daurmanasyabahutvasaṃbhūtā 

upāyāsā: iti | tadevaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena 

kevalasyaivametasya du:khaskandhasya saṃbhava: ||9|| 

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kevalasyeti ātmātmīyasvabhāvavigatasya bālaprthagjanaparikalpitamātrasya | 

du:khātmakasya sukhāvyāmiśrasyaivetyartha: | {1. ##T om. from## evamiti ##up to## du:kharāśerityartha:.} evamiti hetupratyayamātrabalenaivetyartha: | du:kha- 

skandhasyeti du:khasamudāyasya du:khasamūhasya du:kharāśerityartha: ||7-9|| 

yataścaivaṃ yathopavarṇitādavidyādikādeva bhavāṅgānāṃ pravrtti:, ata:-

saṃsāramūlānsaṃskārānavidvān saṃskarotyata: | 

avidyān kārakastasmānna vidvāṃstattvadarśanāt ||10|| 

tatra saṃsārasya vijñānādipravrttilakṡaṇasya mūlaṃ pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ saṃskārā: | tataśca 

saṃsāramūlān saṃskārānavidvān saṃskaroti || 

avidyānugato ya: {2. ##T om.## ya:.} pudgalo {3. ##T## puruṡapudgala: ##for## pudgalo.} bhikṡava: puṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, 

apuṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, āneñjyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti || 

iti bhagavadvacanāt | yataścaivamavidvān kāraka:, tasmādavidvāneva pudgala: kārako 

bhavati saṃskārāṇām, na vidvāṃstattvadarśī prahīṇāvidya: | kiṃ kāraṇam ? tattvadarśanāt 

tattvadarśane hi sarvapadārthānāmevānupalambhāt nāsti kiṃcid yadālambya karma 

kuryāditi ||10|| 

yataścaivamavidyāyāmeva satyāṃ saṃskārā: pravartante, asatyāṃ na pravartante, ata:- 

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārāṇāmasaṃbhava: | 

hetuvaiyarthyāt | tasyā: punaravidyāyā: kuto nirodha: ityāha—

avidyāyā nirodhastu jñānenāsyaiva bhāvanāt ||11|| 

asyaiva pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvadaviparītabhāvanāta: avidyā prahīyate | yo hi 

pratītyasamutpādaṃ samyak paśyati, sa sūkṡmasyāpi bhāvasya na svarūpamupalabhate | prati- 
bimbasvapnālātacakramudgādivattu {4. ##T om.## ^svapnālātacakramudrā^,} svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāmavatarati | sa eva 

svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāmavatīrṇo na kiṃcidvastu upalabhate bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ{5. ##T om.## bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ vā.} 

vā | so’nupalabhamāno na kvaciddharme muhyati, amūḍhaśca karma na karotīti | evaṃ pratītya- 

samutpādabhāvanayā tattvamavatarati | tattvadarśino yogino niyatameva avidyā prahīyate | 

prahīṇāvidyasya saṃskārā nirudhyante ||11|| 

yathā caivamavidyānirodhāt saṃskārā nirudhyante, evam—

tasya tasya nirodhena tattannābhipravartate | 

du:khaskandha: kevalo’yamevaṃ samyaṅ nirudhyate ||12|| 

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pūrvasya pūrvasya aṅgasya nirodhena uttarasyottarasya aṅgasya nirodho bhavatīti 

vijñeyam | anayā cānupūrvyā ayaṃ yogī ātmātmīyādyadarśanāyāsanirasta: kārakaveda- 

kavirahitaṃ bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyaṃ du:kharāśiṃ punaranutpattyā samyaṅnirodhayati | yathoktamārya- 

śālistambasūtre—

evamādhyātmiko’pi pratītyasamutpādo dvābhyāmeva kāraṇābhyāmutpadyate | 

katamābhyāṃ dvābhyām ? hetūpanibandhata: pratyayopanibandhataśca | tatrādhyātmikasya 

pratītyasamutpādasya hetūpanibandha: katama: ? yadidamavidyāpratyayā: saṃskārā:, saṃskāra- 

pratyayaṃ vijñānam, vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpam, nāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṡaḍāyatanam, ṡaḍāyatanapratyaya: 

sparśa:, sparśapratyayā vedanā, vedanāpratyayā trṡṇā, trṡṇāpratyayamupādānam, upādāna- 

pratyayo bhava:, bhavapratyayā jāti:, jātipratyayā jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevadu:khadaurmanasyo- 

pāyāsā: saṃbhavanti | evamasya kevalasya mahato du:khaskandhasya samudayo bhavati | 

avidyā cennābhaviṡyannaiva saṃskārā: prajñāsyante | evaṃ yāvajjātiścennābhaviṡyajjarā- 

maraṇaṃ na prajñāsyate | atha vā, satyāmavidyāyāṃ saṃskārāṇāmabhinirvrttirbhavati | evaṃ 

yāvajjātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇasyābhinirvrttirbhavati | atrāvidyāyā naivaṃ bhavati ahaṃ 

saṃskārānabhinirvartayāmīti | saṃskārāṇāmapi naivaṃ bhavati vayamavidyayābhinirvartitā 

iti | evaṃ yāvajjāterapi naivaṃ bhavati ahaṃ jarāmaraṇamabhinirvartayāmīti | jarāmaraṇa- 

syāpi naivaṃ bhavatyahaṃ jātyābhinirvartitamiti | atha ca satyāmavidyāyāṃ saṃskārāṇā- 

bhinirvrttirbhavati prādurbhāva: | evaṃ yāvajjātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇasyābhinirvrttirbhavati 

prādurbhāva: | evamādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya hetūpanibandho draṡṭavya: || 

kathamādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya pratyayopanibandho draṡṭavya iti ? ṡaṇṇāṃ 

dhātūnāṃ samavāyāt | katameṡāṃ ṡaṇṇāṃ dhātūnāṃ samavāyāt ? yadidaṃ prthivyaptejovāyvā- 

kāśavijñānadhātūnāṃ samavāyādādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya pratyayopanibandho 

draṡṭavya: | tatrādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya prthivīdhātu: katama: ? ya: kāyasya 

saṃśleṡātkaṭhinabhāvamabhinirvartayati, ayamucyate prthivīdhātu: | ya: kāyasyānuparigraha- 

krtyaṃ karoti, ayamucyate'bdhātu: | ya: kāyasyāśitabhakṡitaṃ paripācayati, ayamucyate 

tejodhātu: | ya: kāyasya āśvāsapraśvāsakrtyaṃ karoti, ayamucyate vāyudhātu: | ya: 

kāyasyānta: śauṡīryamabhinirvartayati, ayamucyate ākāśadhātu: | yon āmarūpabhini- 

rvartayati naḍakalāpayogena pañcavijñānakāyasaṃyuktaṃ sāsravaṃ ca manovijñānam, ayamucyate 

bhikṡavo vijñānadhātu: | tatra asatāmeṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ kāyasyotpattirna bhavati | yadā 

tvādhyātmika: prthivīdhāturavikalo bhavati, evamaptejovāyvākāśavijñānadhātavaścā- 

vikalā bhavanti, tata: sarveṡāṃ samavāyātkāyasyotpattirbhavati | tatra prthivīdhātornaivaṃ 

bhavati—ahaṃ kāyasya kaṭhinabhāvamabhinirvartayāmīti | abdhātornaivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ 

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kāyasyānuparigrahakrtyaṃ karomīti | tejodhātornaivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ kāyasyāśitapītakhāditaṃ 

paripācayāmīti | vāyudhātornaivaṃ bhavati-ahaṃ kāyasyāśvāsapraśvāsakrtyaṃ karomīti | 

ākāśadhātornaivaṃ bhavati-ahaṃ kāyasyānta:śauṡīryamabhinirvartayāmīti | vijñānadhātornaivaṃ 

bhavati-ahaṃ kāyasya nāmarūpamabhinirvartayāmīti | kāyasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati-ahamebhi: 

pratyayairjanita iti | atha ca puna: satāmeṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ samavāyātkāyasyotpattirbhavati | 

tatra prthivīdhāturnātmā na sattvo na jīvo na janturna manujo na mānavo na strī na pumān 

na napuṃsakaṃ na cāhaṃ na mama na cānyasya kasyacit | evamabdhātustejodhāturvāyudhātu- 

rākāśadhāturvijñānadhāturnātmā na sattvo na jīvo na janturna manujo na mānavo na strī 

na pumān na napuṃsakaṃ na cāhaṃ na mama na cānyasya kasyacit || 

tatra avidyā katamā ? yā eṡāmevaṃ ṡaṇṇāṃ dhātūnāmaikyasaṃjñā piṇḍasaṃjñā nityasaṃjñā 

dhruvasaṃjñā śāśvatasaṃjñā sukhasaṃjñā ātmasaṃjñā sattvasaṃjñā jīvapudgalamanujamānavasaṃjñā 

ahaṃkārasaṃjñā mamakārasaṃjñā evamādi vividhajñānam | iyamucyate’vidyeti | evamavidyāyāṃ 

satyāṃ viṡayeṡu rāgadveṡamohā: pravartante | tatra ye rāgadveṡamohā viṡayeṡu, amī saṃskārā 

ityucyante | vastuprativijñaptirvijñānam | vijñānasahabhuvaścatvāra: skandhā arūpiṇa: 

upādānākhyā:, tannāmarūpaṃ catvāri mahābhūtāni, tāni copādāya rūpam | tacca nāma 

tacca rūpam | aikadhyamabhisaṃkṡipya tannāmarūpam | nāmarūpasaṃniśritānīndriyāṇi ṡaḍāya- 

tanam | trayāṇāṃ dharmāṇāṃ saṃnipāta: sparśa: | sparśānubhavo vedanā | vedanādhyavasānaṃ 

trṡṇā | trṡṇāvaipulyamupādānam | upādānanirjātaṃ punarbhavajanakaṃ karma bhava: | bhavahetuka: 

skandhaprādurbhāvo jāti: | jātasya skandhasya paripāko jarā | jīrṇasya skandhasya 

vināśo maraṇam | mriyamāṇasya saṃmūḍhasya sābhiṡvaṅgasyāntardāha: śoka: | śokottha- 

mālapanaṃ parideva: | pañcavijñānakāyasaṃyuktamasātamanubhavanaṃ du:kham | manasā saṃyuktaṃ mānasaṃ 

du:khaṃ daurmanasyam | ye cāpyanye evamādaya upakleśāste upāyāsā iti || 

tatra mohāndhakārārthenāvidyā | abhisaṃskārārthena saṃskārā: | vijñāpanārthena 

vijñānam | anyonyopastambhanārthena nāmarūpam | āyadvārārthena ṡaḍāyatanam | sparśanārthena 

sparśa: | anubhavanārthena vedanā | paritarṡaṇārthena trṡṇā | upādānārthenopādānam | 

punarbhavārthena bhava: | janmārthena jāti: | paripākārthena jarā | vināśārthena maraṇam | 

śocanārthena śoka: | paridevanārthena parideva: | kāyaparipoḍanārthena du:kham | cittasaṃpīḍa- 

nārthena daurmanasyam | upakleśārthenopāyāsā: || 

atha vā tattve’pratipatirmithyāpratipattirajñānamavidyā | evamavidyāyāṃ satyāṃ 

trividhā: saṃskārā abhinirvartante puṇyopagā apuṇyopagā āneñjyopagā: | tatra puṇyo- 

pagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ puṇyopagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | apuṇyopagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmapuṇyo- 

pagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | āneñjyopagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmāneñjyopagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | 

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idamucyate vijñānam | vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpamiti vedanādayo’rūpiṇaścatvāra: skandhā- 

statra tatra bhave nāmayantīti nāma | saharūpaskandhena ca nāma rūpaṃ cetin āmarūpamucyate | 

nāmarūpavivrddhyā ṡaḍbhirāyatanadvārai: krtyakriyā: pravartante prajñāyante, tannāmarūpapratyayaṃ 

ṡaḍāyatanamityucyate | ṡaḍbhyaścāyatanebhya: ṡaṭ sparśakāyā: pravartante, ayaṃ ṡaḍāyatana- 

pratyaya: sparśa ityucyate | yajjātīya: sparśo bhavati tajjātīyā vedanā pravartate | iya- 

mucyate bhikṡava: sparśapratyayā vedaneti | yastāṃ vedanāṃ viśeṡeṇāsvādayati abhinandati 

adhyavasyati adhyavasāya tiṡṭhati, sā vedanāpratyayā trṡṇetyucyate | āsvādanābhinanda- 

nādhyavasānasthānādātmapriyarūpasātarūpairviyogo mā bhūnnityamaparityāgo bhavediti yaivaṃ 

prārthanā idamucyate bhikṡavastrṡṇāpratyayamupādānam | yatra vastuni satrṡṇastasya vastuno- 

‘rjanāya viṭhapanāyopādānamupādatte, tatra tatra prārthayate, evaṃ prārthayamāna: punarbhavajanakaṃ 

karma samutthāpayati kāyena vācā manasā ca, sa upādānapratyayo bhava ityucyate | 

tatkarmanirjātānāṃ skandhānāmabhinirvrttiryā sā bhavapratyayā jātirityucyate | jātyābhi- 

nirvrttānāṃ skadhānāmupacayanaparipākādvināśo bhavati | tadidaṃ jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇa- 

mityucyate || 

evamayaṃ dvādaśāṅga: pratītyasamutpādo’nyonyahetuko’nyonyapratyayo naivānityo naiva 

nityo na saṃskrto nāsaṃskrto nāhetuko nāpratyayo na vedayitā nāvedayitā na pratītya- 

samutpanno nāpratītyasamutpanno na kṡayadharmo nākṡayadharmo na vināśadharmo nāvināśadharmo 

na nirodhadharmo nānirodhadharmo’nādikālapravrtto’nucchinno’nupravartate nadīsrotavat || 

yadyapyayaṃ dvādaśāṅga: pratītyasamutpādo’nucchinno’nupravartate nadīsrotavat, atha 

cemānyasya dvādaśāṅgasya pratītyasamutpādasya catvāryaṅgāni saṃghātakriyāyai hetutvena 

pravartante | katamāni catvāri ? yaduta avidyā trṡṇā karma vijñānaṃ ca | tatra vijñānaṃ 

bījasvabhāvatvena hetu: | karma kṡetrasvabhāvatvena hetu: | avidyā trṡṇā ca kleśasvabhāvatvena 

hetu: | karmakleśā vijñānabījaṃ janayanti | tatra karma vijñānabījasya kṡetrakāryaṃ karoti | 

trṡṇā vijñānabījaṃ snehayati | avidyā vijñānabījamavakirati | asatāṃ teṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ 

vijñānabījasyābhinirvrttirna bhavati | tatra karmaṇo naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ vijñānabījasya 

kṡetrakāryaṃ karomīti | trṡṇāyā api naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ vijñānasya snehakāryaṃ karomīti | 

avidyāyā api naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ vijñānabījamavakirāmīti | vijñānabījasyāpi naivaṃ 

bhavati—ahamebhi: pratyayairjanitamiti || 

atha ca vijñānabījaṃ karmakṡetrapratiṡṭhitaṃ trṡṇāsnehābhiṡyanditamavidyayā svavakīrṇaṃ 

vibhajyamānaṃ virohati | tatratatropapattyāyatanapratisaṃdhau mātu: kukṡau nāmarūpāṅkuramabhi- 

nirvartayati | sa ca nāmarūpāṅkuro na svayaṃkrto na parakrto nobhayakrto neśvarakrto na 

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kālapariṇāmito na prakrtisaṃbhūto na caikakāraṇādhīno nāpyahetusamutpanna: | atha ca 

mātāpitrsaṃyogād, rtusamavāyād, anyeṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ samavāyād āsvādānuviddhaṃ 

vijñānabījaṃ mātu: kukṡau nāmarūpāṅkuramabhinirvartayati asvāmikeṡu dharmeṡvaparigraheṡvama- 

meṡvākāśasameṡu māyālakṡaṇasvabhāveṡu hetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt  || 

tadyathā pañcabhi: kāraṇaiścakṡurvijñānamutpadyate | katamai: pañcabhi: ? yaduta cakṡu: 

pratītya rūpaṃ cālokaṃ cākāśaṃ ca tajjamanasikāraṃ ca pratītyotpadyate cakṡurvijñānam | tatra 

cakṡurvijñānasya cakṡurāśrayakrtyaṃ karoti | rūpamālambanakrtyaṃ karoti | āloko’vabhāsa- 

krtyaṃ karoti | ākāśamanāvaraṇakrtyaṃ karoti | tajjamanasikāra: samanvāharaṇakrtyaṃ 

karoti | asatāmeṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ cakṡurvijñānaṃ notpadyate | yadā tu cakṡurādhyātmikamāya- 

tanamavikalaṃ bhavati, evaṃ rūpālokākāśatajjamanasikārāścāvikalā bhavanti, tata: 

sarveṡāṃ samavāyāccakṡurvijñānamutpadyate | tatra cakṡuṡo naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ cakṡurvijñānasyā- 

śrayakrtyaṃ karomīti | ālokasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ cakṡurvijñānasyāvabhāsakrtyaṃ 

karomīti | ākāśasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ cakṡurvijñānasyānāvaraṇakrtyaṃ karomīti | 

tajjamanasikārasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati—ahaṃ cakṡurvijñānasya samanvāharaṇakrtyaṃ karomīti | 

cakṡurvijñānasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati—ahamebhi: pratyayairjanitamiti | atha ca satāmeṡāṃ pratyayānāṃ 

samavāyāccakṡurvijñānasyotpattirbhavati | evaṃ śeṡāṇāmindriyāṇāṃ yathāyogaṃ karaṇīyam || 

tatra na kaściddharmo’smāllokātparalokaṃ saṃkrāmati | asti ca karmaphalaprati- 

vijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | tadyathā bhikṡava: supariśuddhe ādarśamaṇḍale mukhaprati- 

bimbakaṃ drśyate, na ca tatrādarśamaṇḍale mukhaṃ saṃkrāmati, asti ca mukhaprativijñaptirhetu- 

pratyayānāmavaikalyāt, evamasmāllokānna kaściccyuto nāpyanyatropapanna:, asti ca 

karmaphalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | tadyathā bhikṡavaścandramaṇḍalaṃ catvāriṃśadyo-

janaśatamūrdhvaṃ vrajati, atha ca puna: parītte’pyudakabhājane candrasya pratibimbaṃ drśyate, na ca 

tasmātsthānādūrdhvaṃ nabhasaścyutaṃ parītte udakasya bhājane sakrāntaṃ bhavati, asti ca candra- 

maṇḍalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | evamasmāllokānna kaściccyuto nānya- 

tropapanna:, asti ca karmaphalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt || 

tadyathā-agnirupādānapratyaye sati jvalati, upādānavaikalyānna jvalati, evameva 

bhikṡava: karmakleśajanitaṃ vijñānabījaṃ tatratatropapattyāyatanapratisaṃdhau mātu: kukṡau nāma-

rūpāṅkuramabhinirvartayati, asvāmikeṡu dharmeṡvaparigraheṡu māyālakṡaṇasvabhāveṡu amameṡu 

krtrimeṡu hetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt || 

tatrādhyātmika: pratītyasamutpāda: pañcabhi: kāraṇairdraṡṭavya: | katamai: pañcabhi: ? na 

śāśvatato nocchedato na saṃkrāntita: parīttahetuvipulaphalābhinirvrttitastatsadrśānuprabandha- 

@279

taśceti | kathaṃ na śāśvatata: ? yasmādanye māraṇāntikā: skandhā:, anye aupapattyaṃśikā: 

skandhā: | na tu ya eva māraṇāntikā: skandhāsta evaupapattyaṃśikā: | api tu 

māraṇāntikā: skandhā nirudhyante, tasminneva ca samaye aupapattyaṃśikā: skandhā: 

prādurbhavanti | ato na śāśvatata: | kathaṃ nocchedata: ? na ca pūrvaniruddheṡu māraṇāntikeṡu 

skandheṡu aupapattyaṃśikā: skandhā: prādurbhavanti nāpyaniruddheṡu | api tu māraṇāntikā: 

skandhā nirudhyante, tasminneva ca samaye aupapattyaṃśikā: skandhā: prādurbhavanti tulā- 

daṇḍonnāmāvanāmavat candrabimbapratibimbavat | ato nocchedata: | kathaṃ na saṃkrāntita: ? 

visadrśā: sattvanikāyā: sabhāgāyāṃ jātyāṃ jātimabhinirvartayanti | ato na saṃkrāntita: | 

kathaṃ parīttahetuto vipulaphalābhinirvrttita: ? parīttaṃ karma kriyate, vipula: phalavipāko’nu- 

bhūyate | ata: parīttahetuto vipulaphalabhinirvrttita: | kathaṃ tatsadrśānuprabandhata: ? yathā- 

vedanīyaṃ karma kriyate, tathāvedanīyo vipāko’nubhūyate | atastatsadrśānuprabandhataśca | 

iti vistara: ||12|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

dvādaśāṅgaparīkṡā nāma ṡaḍviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam || 

@280

27 
drṡṭiparīkṡā saptaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |
yaścaivaṃ pratītyasamutpādaṃ yathābhūtaṃ samyak paśyati, sa na pūrvāntaṃ pratisarati, 

nāparāntaṃ pratisarati—ityādi sūtre paṭhyate, tatra katama: pūrvānta:, katamo’parānta:, kathaṃ 

na pratisaratīti ? tadvyutpattyarthamidamārabhyate | tatra vartamānamātmabhāvamapekṡya atītā 

ātmabhāvā: pūrvānta ityucyate | pūrvo hi janmaparaṃparāṃśa: pūrvānta: | taṃ na pratisarati, 

drṡṭiprakārairnālambate | pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvadavasthitatattvadarśanāt nānyathāvasthitaṃ 

vastu anyathā abhiniviśate | tatra aṡṭau drṡṭaya: pūrvāntamālambya anyathā pravrttā: | 

tadyathā- 

{1. ##The Mss. have a lacuna for this line : It is reconstructed on the strength of T. It is likely that the## kārikā ##may begin with## drṡṭaya: ##in which case we may have## drṡṭayo’bhūvaṃ nābhūvaṃ kiṃ nvatīte’dhvanīti ca.} abhūmatītamadhvānaṃ nābhūmiti ca drṡṭaya: | 

yāstā: śāśvatalokādyā: pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritā: ||1|| 

tatra it iśabda: ādyartha: | atha vā drṡṭidvayopādānamupalakṡaṇārtham | catasrastvetā 

drṡṭaya:|tadyathā-kiṃ nvahamabhūvamatītamadhvānam, nābhūvamatītamadhvānam, abhūvaṃ ca nābhūvaṃ ca, 

naivābhūvaṃ na nābhūvam, iti | etāścatasro drṡṭaya: pūrvāntaṃ samāśritā: | aparā api catasra 

ityāha—

yāstā: śāśvatalokādyā: 

pūrvaṃ prasaṅgena upavarṇitā:, tā api 

pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritā: || 

tatra yadyapi pūrvāntād drṡṭicatuṡṭayāduttaraṃ drṡṭicatuṡṭayaṃ nātibhidyate, tathāpi 

tāvanmātraviśeṡamāśritya prthagupādīyate | tacca uttaratra vyākhyāsyāma:|tatra śāśvato 

loka: ityetat, abhūvamatītamadhvānam, ityetasmānnātibhidyate | atha vā ayaṃ viśeṡa:- 

yacchāśvato loka: ityeṡā drṡṭi: sāmānyena pūrvāntamāśritā | abhūvamatītamadhvānam, 

ityeṡā tu ātmana eva pūrvāntaparāmarśena pravrttā, na sāmānyeneti | evamanyāsvapi 

drṡṭiṡu viśeṡo vaktavya: | ityevaṃ tāvat aṡṭāvetā drṡṭaya: pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritā: ||1|| 

@281

ukta: pūrvāntastadālambikābhirdrṡṭibhi: sārdham | idānīmaparānta ucyate | tatra 

vartamānamātmabhāvamapekṡya bhāvina: ātmabhāvā: aparānta ityucyate | aparo hi janmaparaṃ- 

parāṃśo’parānta:, taṃ na pratisarati, drṡṭiprakārairnālambate | pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvada- 

vasthitatattvadarśanāt, nānyathāvasthitaṃ vastu anyathābhiniviśate | tatra aṡṭau drṡṭaya: 

aparāntamālambya anyathā pravrttā: | tadyathā- 

drṡṭayo na bhaviṡyāmi kimanyo’nāgate’dhvani | 

bhaviṡyāmīti cāntādyā aparāntaṃ samāśritā: ||2|| 

ihāpi drṡṭidvayopādānamupalakṡaṇārtham | catasrastvetā drṡṭaya: | tadyathā-kiṃ nu 

bhaviṡyāmyanāgatamadhvānam, na bhaviṡyāmi, bhaviṡyāmi ca na bhaviṡyāmi ca, naiva 

bhaviṡyāmi na ca na bhaviṡyāmyanāgatamadhvānam, ityetāścatasro drṡṭaya: aparāntaṃ samā- 

śritā:|kimetā eva catasro drṡṭaya: aparāntaṃ samāśritā: ? netyāha | kiṃ tarhi aparā 

api catasro vidyante antādyā aparāntaṃ samāśritā: | tatra antādyāścatasro drṡṭaya: 

sāmānyena aparāntamāśritya pravrttā:, kiṃ tu bhaviṡyāmyanāgatamadhvānamityetāstu ātmana 

evāparāntamāśritya pravrttā:, ityevaṃ drṡṭicatuṡṭayasya viśeṡa iti boddhavyam ||2|| 

tatra ādyasya tāvat pūrvāntālambikasya drṡṭicatuṡṭayasya yathā na saṃbhava:, tathā 

pratipādayannāha—

abhūmatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate | 

yo hi janmasu pūrveṡu sa eva na bhavatyayam ||3|| 

tatra ya eva atīteṡu janmasu babhūva, yadi sa evāyamadhunā syāt, tadā yuktamasya 

grahītum-abhūvamahamatītamadhvānamiti | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati nityatvaprasaṅgāt, nityasya 

ca saṃsaraṇānupapatte:, ekagatisthasyāpi nānāgatisaṃgrhītatvaprasaṅgāt | iha hi pūrvaṃ yadi 

narakādigatiko bhūtvā idānīṃ karmavaicitryāt manuṡyeṡu upapanna: evaṃ kalpayet—

ahamevāsau nāraka āsam iti, tadasya na yuktam | kathaṃ hi nāma manuṡya: san nāra- 

kādika: syāt ? 

yattarhi idaṃ paṭhyate sūtre—ahameva sa tena kālena tena samayena māndhātā nāma 

rājā cakravartī abhūvam iti, tat kathaṃ veditavyamiti ? anyatvapratiṡedhaparaṃ tadvacanaṃ 

naikatvapratipādakamiti vijñeyam | ata eva hi nānya: sa tena kālena tena samayeneti 

paṭhyate | yadi puna: sa evāyamiti pūrvakasya cādhunātanasya ca ekatvaṃ syāt, ko doṡa: 

syāt ? uktastāvadatra doṡa:-nityatvaṃ syāditi ||3|| 

tathāpi bhūya ucyate—

sa evātmeti tu bhavedupādānaṃ viśiṡyate | 

@282

yadi sa eva pūrvaka ātmāyamidānīṃ syāt, tadā upādānasya pañcaskandhalakṡaṇasya 

viśeṡo na syāt, upādāturaviśeṡātpūrvāvasthāyāmiva | na caivamupādānāviśeṡo’- 

syātmana:, kiṃ tarhi viśiṡyata eva upādānamupādātu: karmabhedāt kārakabhedācca | tataśca 

upādānaviśeṡāt sa evāyamātmeti na yujyate || 

atha manyase—viśiṡyatāmupādānam, ātmā tu eka eveti | ata: ātmano’- 

viśiṡṭatvādabhūmatītamadhvānamityetad bhaviṡyatyeva | ucyate—

upādānavinirmukta ātmā te katama: puna: ||4|| 

yadi hi anyadupādānam, anyaścātmā syāt, tadā upādānaviśeṡe’pi ātmano’- 

viśeṡāt syādetadevam | na caitad bhedena darśayituṃ śakyam—ayamasāvātmā, {1. idamātmana: ##for## idamasya.}idamasyo- 

pādānamiti, {2. ##The Mss. read this line :## upādānāgatisaṃgrhītatvāt prasaṅgāt mrtena grahaṃaprasaṅgāt, upādānoprasaṅgāt mrte grahaṇaprasaṅgācca ##which is not quite clear. Our reading is reconstructed from T.##} upādānaviśiṡṭasvabhāvatvādātmano’hetukatvaprasaṅgāt, prthaggrahaṇaprasaṅgācca | 

yadā caivamupādānavinirmukta ātmā darśayituṃ na śakyate, tadā upādānaviśeṡe’pi ātmā- 

viśeṡa iti na śakyate kalpayitum ||4|| 

athāpi kaścit parikalpayet-satyam, upādānavinirmukta iti evaṃ na saṃbhavati, 

kimupādānameva ātmatvena parikalpyate iti ? etadapi na yuktamiti pratipādayannāha—

upādānavinirmukto nāstyātmeti krte sati | 

syādupādānamevātmā nāsti cātmeti va:{3. ##Mss.## vā ##for## va:. ##Our reading is based on T.##} puna: ||5|| 

yathā{4. ##Mss.## atha ##for## yathā ##which is based on T.##}tāvadupādānamevātmā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha- 

na copādānamevātmā vyeti tatsamudeti ca | 

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṡyati ||6|| 

tatra yadetat pañcopādānaskandhākhyamupādānam, tat pratikṡaṇamutpadyate ca vinaśyati 

ca | na caivamātmā pratikṡaṇamutpadyate ca vinaśyati ca | ātmā skandhebhyastattvānyatvādinā 

ca nityānityatvenāpyaśakya eva vaktum, anekadoṡaprasaṅgāt | nityatve hi ātmana: 

śāśvatavāda: syāt, anityatve ca ucchedavādaprasaṅga: | tataśca tadubhayaṃ śāśvatocchedākhyaṃ 

mahānarthakaramiti nopagantavyam | ata: upādānamevātmeti tāvanna yujyate || 

api ca—

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṡyati | 

@283

iha upādīyate ityupādānaṃ karma | tasya ca avaśyamupādātrā upārjakena bhavi- 

tavyam | tasya copādānasya yadi ātmatvamiṡyate, tatra upādānameva upādātā ityapi 

vidyate | tataśca kartrkarmaṇoraikye sati chettrcchettavyaghaṭakumbhakārāgnīndhanādīnāmapi aikyaṃ 

syāt | na caitad drṡṭaṃ yuktaṃ vā iti pratipādayannāha—

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṡyati | iti | 

api tu atyantāsaṃbhava evāsya pakṡasyetyabhiprāya: ||5-6|| 

atrāha—satyamupādānamātramātmā na yujyate, kiṃ tarhi upādānavyatirikta eva 

ātmā bhaviṡyati | etadapi na yuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmāt—

anya: punarupādānādātmā naivopapadyate | 

grhyate hyanupādāno yadyanyo na ca grhyate ||7|| 

yadi upādānādātmā vyatirikta: syāt, grhyeta sa upādānavyatirikta:, ghaṭādiva 

paṭa: | na caivaṃ grhyate | tasmādupādānavyatirikto’pi nāsti | anupādāna: upādāna- 

vyatirekeṇa agrhyamāṇatvāt khapuṡpavat, ityabhiprāya: ||7|| 

idānīṃ yathopapāditamarthaṃ nigamayannāha—

evaṃ nānya upādānānna copādānameva sa: | 

ātmā nāstyanupādāna: 

atha syāt—yadi ātmā upādānasvarūpo na bhavati, upādānopādātrorekatva- 

prasaṅgāt, udayavyayaprasaṅgācca | sa hi anyo’pi na bhavati upādānamanapekṡya bhedena 

grahaṃaprasaṅgāt | na cāpyanupādāna:, upādānanirapekṡasya grahaṃaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ tarhi nāsti 

ātmetyastu | ucyate—

nāpi nāstyeṡa niścaya: ||8|| 

yo hi nāma skandhānupādāya prajñapyate, sa kathaṃ nāstīti syāt ? na hi avidya- 

māno vandhyātanaya: skandhānupādāya prajñapyate | kathaṃ sati upādāne upādātā nāstīti 

yujyate ? tasmānnāstitvamapyasya na yujyate | tasmānnāsti ātmeti niścayo’pyeṡa 

nopapadyate | asya tvātmano vyavasthānaṃ vistareṇa madhyamakāvatārādavaseyam | ihāpi ca 

pūrvameva sthānasthāneṡu krtā vyavastheti na punariha tadvyavasthāne yatna āsthīyate ||8|| 

evaṃ tāvadabhūvamatītamadhvānamityeṡā kalpanā nopapadyate | idānīṃ nābhūvamatīta- 

madhvānamityedapi yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha—

nābhūmatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate | 

yo hi janmasu pūrveṡu tato’nyo na bhavatyayam ||9|| 

@284

yadi pūrvakādātmana: asya adhunātanasya ātmano’nyatvaṃ syāt, tadānīṃ nābhū-

matītamadhvānamiti syāt | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmānnābhūvamatītamadhvānamitye- 

tannopapadyate ||9|| 

yadi puna: pūrvakādātmana: asya anyatvaṃ syāt, ko doṡa iti ? ucyate—

yadi hyayaṃ bhavedanya: pratyākhyāyāpi taṃ bhavet | 

tathaiva ca sa saṃtiṡṭhettatra jāyeta vāmrta: ||10|| 

yadi hi ayamadhunātana ātmā pūrvakādātmana: anya: syāt, tadā taṃ pūrvaka- 

mātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya parityajya tannirapekṡa: ataddhetuka eva syāt | kiṃ cānyat | tathaiva 

ca sa saṃtiṡṭhettatra | yadi pūrvakādātmana: asya anyatvaṃ syāt, tadā anyatvād ghaṭotpāde 

paṭāvināśavat pūrvasyātmana: uttarasminnapi ātmani samutpadyamāne’pi anirodha: 

syāt | aniruddhatvācca yatra pūrvaṃ devamanuṡyādijanmasu upapanna:, yena varṇasaṃsthānādinā 

pūrvamupalabhyamāna:, tenaiva prakāreṇa tathaiva sa tatrāvatiṡṭheta | pūrvatra vā amrta eva 

ihotpadyeta | na caiṡa saṃbhavo’sti yadasya manuṡyabhūtasya pūrvako devādyātmā tathaivāva- 

tiṡṭheteti | tasmānnābhūvamatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate ||10|| 

atrāha—tatra yaduktam—

yadi hyaṃ bhavedanya: pratyākhyāyāpi taṃ bhavet | iti, 

yadi puna: pūrvakamātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya[ayamiha bhavet, ko doṡa: syāt ? tatra doṡā 

bahava: syu: | kathamiti cet, yasmādevaṃ sati—

uccheda: karmaṇāṃ nāśastathānyakrtakarmaṇām | 

anyena paribhoga: syādevamādi prasajyate ||11|| 

yadi pūrvakamātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya ayamātmā bhavet, tadā]{1. ##The portion in brackets is missing in Mss. It is reconstituted from T.##} pūrvakasya ātmana: tatra 

naṡṭatvād, iha ca anyasyaiva cotpādanātpūrvakasyātmana uccheda: syāt | tasmiṃśca ātmani 

ucchinne karmaṇāmadattaphalānāmevāśrayavicchedena vicchedāt, bhoktaścābhāvānnāśa eva 

syāt | atha pūrvakenātmanā krtasya karmaṇa: uttareṇātmanā phalaparibhoga: parikalpyate, 

tathāpi anyena krtasya karmaṇa: phalasya anyenopabhoga: syāt | tataśca—

akrtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syātkarmākrtakaṃ yadi | 

[ma^ śā^-17.23] 

ityevamādi aniṡṭamāpadyate ||11|| 

@285

api ca | yadi ayamātmā pūrvakādātmana: anya eva atropapanna: syāt, tadā 

pūrvamabhūtvā paścādutpanna iti syāt | na caitadyuktamiti pratipādayannāha—

nāpyabhūtvā samudbhūto doṡo hyatra prasajyate | 

krtako vā bhavedātmā saṃbhūto vāpyahetuka: ||12|| 

iti | yadi hi ātmā pūrvamabhūtvā paścādutpanna: syāt, tadā krtaka eva ātmā syāt | 

na ca krtaka ātmeṡyate, anityatvaprasaṅgāt | vyatiriktasya ca tanniṡpādakasya kartura- 

bhāvāt kuta: krtakatvamātmano yojyeta ? krtake cātmani parikalpyamāne ādimān 

saṃsāra: syādeva, apūrvasattvasya prādurbhāvaśca | na caitadevam | tasmānna krtaka ātmā | 

api ca | saṃbhūto vāpyahetuka: | abhūtvā prāgātmā samutpadyamāno nirhetuka evopapadyate | 

pūrvaṃ hi ātmā nāstīti akrtako nirhetuka: syāt | vāśabdo vikalpe | krtako vā 

bhavedātmā yadi vā nābhūvamatītamadhvānamityetannābhyupeyam | saṃbhūto vāpyahetuka:, 

yadi vā- 

nābhūmatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate | 

ityabhyupagamyatām ||12|| 

idānīṃ yathopavarṇitamevārthaṃ nigamayannāha—

evaṃ drṡṭiratīte yā nābhūmahamabhūmaham | 

ubhayaṃ nobhayaṃ ceti naiṡā samupapadyate ||13|| 

evaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena abhūmatītamadhvānamiti yā drṡṭi:, eṡāpi naivopa- 

padyate | etaddvayasyābhāvācca ubhayamapi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmād dvayaṃ hyeta- 

tsamāhatamubhayamiti kalpyate | ekaikasya ca prthakprthagabhāvāt kutastatsamāhāra iti 

ubhayamapi na saṃbhavati | ubhayasyābhāvāt kutastatpratiṡedhena nobhayaṃ bhaviṡyatīti ? 
tasmānnaivābhūvaṃ na nābhūvamityedapi nopapadyate ||13|| 

tadevaṃ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritasya drṡṭicatuṡṭayasya asaṃbhavamudbhāvya idānīmaparāntasamā- 

śritasya pratiṡedhamāha—

adhvanyanāgate kiṃ nu bhaviṡyāmīti darśanam | 

na bhaviṡyāmi cetyetadatītenādhvanā samam ||14|| 

yathaiva hi atīte’dhvani drṡṭicatuṡṭayaṃ niṡiddham, evamanāgate’pyadhvani drṡṭicatuṡṭayaṃ 

niṡedhanīyamuktapāṭhaparivartanena | tadyathā- 

adhvanyanāgate kiṃ nu bhaviṡyāmītyasaṃgatam | 

aiṡyajanmani yo bhāvo sa eva na bhavatyayam || 

@286

ityevamādinā sarvaṃ samaṃ yojyamekatvapratiṡedhe | evamanyatvapratiṡedhe’pi samaṃ 

yojyam—

na syāmanāgate kāle ityetannopapadyate |

aiṡyajanmani yo bhāvo tato’nyo na bhavatyayam || 

ityevamādinā pūrvaślokapāṭhaparivartanena ||14|| 

idānīṃ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritasya śāśvatādidrṡṭicatuṡṭayasya pratiṡedhārthamāha—

sa deva: sa manuṡyaścedevaṃ bhavati śāśvatam | 

anutpannaśca deva: syājjāyate na hi śāśvatam ||15|| 

iha hi kaścinmanuṡyagatistha: kuśalaṃ karma krtvā devagatiṃ gacchati | tatra yadi sa 

eva deva: sa eva manuṡya iti evamubhayoraikyaṃ syāt, tadā śāśvataṃ syāt | na caitadevaṃ 

yaddeva eva manuṡyo bhavediti | ato nāsti kiṃcicchāśvatam | api ca | śāśvatavāde 

sati asamutpannaśca deva: syāt | kiṃ kāraṇam ? yasmājjāyate na hi śāśvatam | yaddhi 

vastu śāśvatam, tadvidyamānatvānnaiva jāyate | tataśca anutpanno deva: syāt, anutpanno 

devo na yujyate iti | evaṃ tāvacchāśvataṃ na yujyate ||15|| 

idānīmaśāśvatamapi yathā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha—

devādanyo manuṡyaścedaśāśvatamato bhavet | 

devādanyo manuṡyaścetsaṃtatirnopapadyate ||16|| 

yadi{1. ##T om. from## yadi ##up to## saṃtatirnopapadyate.} hi anyo devo’nyaśca manuṡya: syāt, tadā pūrvakasya manuṡyātmanastatra 

naṡṭatvādiha ca anyasyaivotpādāt sa pūrvako manuṡyātmā tatra vinaṡṭa ityaśāśvataṃ syāt | 

tatsaṃtānānuvrttyā nāśāśvatamiti cet, ucyate—

devādanyo manuṡyaścetsaṃtatirnopapadyate | 

yadi devādanyo manuṡyo bhavet, tadā yathā nimbasya na āmratarusaṃtāno bhavati, 

evaṃ manuṡyasya deva: ekasaṃtānapatito na syāt | tataśca pūrvakasya vināśādaśāśvatameva 

bhavet | atha vā | yadi devādanyo manuṡyo bhavet, tadā saṃtānānuvrttirna syāt | asti ceyaṃ 

saṃtānānuvrtti: devasya manuṡya: ekasaṃtānapatita iti | tasmāt saṃtānābhāvaprasaṅgāt 

devādanyo manuṡyo na bhavati | yataścaivam, ato’śāśvatamapi nāsti ||16|| 

idānīṃ śāśvatāśāśvatapratiṡedhārthamāha—

divyo yadyekadeśa: syādekadeśaśca mānuṡa: | 

aśāśvataṃ śāśvataṃ ca bhavettacca na yujyate ||17|| 

@287

yadi ayaṃ manuṡya: aṃśena manuṡyatāṃ vijahyāt, aṃśena vihāya manuṡyatāṃ devātma- 

bhāvamupādadyāt, tadā ekadeśasya nāśādaśāśvataṃ syāt, ekadeśasya ca avasthānācchāśvataṃ 

syāt | etacca ayuktaṃ yadekasya divyagatisaṃgrhīta: ekadeśa: syāt, ekadeśaśca manuṡya: 

syāt | tasmācchāśvataṃca aśāśvataṃ ca etadubhayaṃ nopapadyate ||17|| 

idānīṃ naśāśvatanaivāśāśvatadrṡṭipratiṡedhārthamāha—

aśāśvataṃ śāśvataṃ ca prasiddhamubhayaṃ yadi | 

siddhe na śāśvataṃ kāmaṃ naivāśāśvatamityapi ||18|| 

yadi śāśvataṃ kiṃcidvastu syāt, tadā paścādaśāśvatadarśanānnaiva śāśvatamiti 

syāt | evaṃ yadi kiṃcidaśāśvataṃ syāt, tadā tasya paścācchāśvatopapattito nāśāśvata- 

miti syāt | yadā tu śāśvatāśāśvatamevāprasiddham, tadā kutastatpratiṡedhena naivaśāśvataṃ 

nāśāśvataṃ syāditi ? tasmādetadapyayuktam ||18|| 

atha syāt—anādijanmamaraṇaparaṃparāpravrttamavicchinnakramaṃ saṃsāraprabandhamupalabhya 

śāśvatamātmānaṃ parikalpayāma: | astyasau śāśvata: kaścit padārtha:, yo hi nāma 

evamanādimati saṃsāre paribhramannadyāpyupalabhyate iti | ucyate | etadapi nopapadyate | 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? yo{1. ##T## evaṃ ##for## yo hi nāma.}hi nāma- 

kutaścidāgata: kaścitkiṃcidgacchetpuna: kvacit | 

yadi tasmādanādistu saṃsāra: syānna cāsti sa: ||19|| 

yadi hi saṃskārāṇāmātmano vā kutaścidgatyantarād gamanaṃ gatyantaramāgamanaṃ 

syāt, tataśca gantyantarāt puna: kvacid gamanaṃ syāt, tadānīmanādi: saṃsāra: syāt | 

na ca kutaścit kasyacidāgamanaṃ saṃbhavati, nityasya vā anityasya vā āgamanānupapatte: | 

na cāpi ita: puna: kasyacit kvacid gamanaṃ saṃbhavati, nityasya vā anityasya vā gamanānu-

papatte:| yadā caivaṃ na saṃbhavati, tadā kuto janmamaraṇaparaṃparāyā atidīrghatvena ādyanupa- 

lambhādanādimān saṃsāra: syāt ? saṃsarturabhāvāt kuta: anādimattvamādimattvaṃ vā 

saṃsārasya saṃbhavet ? yadā ca na saṃbhavati, tadā yaduktam—astyasau śāśvata: kaścitpadārtha:, 

yo hi nāma evamanādimati saṃsāre paribhramannadyāpyupalabhyate iti, tanna yuktam ||19|| 

ataśca, evaṃ yathoditanyāyena—

nāsti cecchāśvata: kaścit ko bhaviṡyatyaśāśvata: | 

śāśvato’śāśvataścāpi dvābhyāmābhyāṃ tiraskrta: ||20|| 

@288

yadā caivaṃ śāśvata eva padārtho na saṃbhavati, tadā kasya vigamanādaśāśvata: syāt ? 

śāśvatāśāśvatānupalambhācca kuta: ubhayaṃ kuto nobhayamiti ? tasmādevaṃ śāśvatādidrṡṭi- 

catuṡṭayaṃ pūrvānte saṃsārasya na saṃbhavati ||20||

idānīmantānantādicatuṡṭayamaparānte yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha—

antavān yadi loka: syātparaloka: kathaṃ bhavet | 

athāpyanantavāṃlloka: paraloka: kathaṃ bhavet ||21|| 

yadi hi antavān, vināśādūrdhvaṃ pūrvaloko{1. ##T om.## pūrvaṃ^.} na syāt, tadā paraloko na syāt | 

asti ca paraloka iti antavāṃlloka iti nopapadyate | athāpi anantavāṃlloka: syāt, 

tadānīmapi paraloka: kathaṃ bhavet ? naiva paraloka: syādityabhiprāya: | na ca paraloko 

nāsti | ata: paralokasadbhāvādantavānapi loko na bhavati ||21|| 

idānīmantavattvamanantavattvaṃ ca ubhayametallokasya yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā prati-

pādayannāha—

skandhānāmeṡa saṃtāno yasmāddīpārciṡāmiva | 

pravartate tasmānnāntānantavattvaṃ ca yujyate ||22|| 

pūrvottarahetuphalabhāvasaṃbandhanairantaryāvicchinnakramavartī yasmādayaṃ pradīpavat prati- 

kṡaṇavināśī skandhasaṃtāna: pravartate, tasmāddhetuphalapravrttidarśanānnantavattvaṃ nānantavattvaṃ ca 

yujyate ||22|| 

kathaṃ krtvā ? 

pūrve yadi ca bhajyerannutpadyeranna cāpyamī | 

skandhā: skandhān pratītyemānatha loko’ntavān bhavet ||23|| 

yadi pūrve manuṡyaskandhā naśyeyu:, tāṃśca pratītya uttare devagatyupapattisaṃgrhītā 

nopapadyeran, tadā antavān loko bhavet tailavartikṡayaniruddhapradīpavat | uttarātma- 

bhāvotpādānnāsti antavattvam ||23|| 

pūrve yadi na bhajyerannutpadyeranna cāpyamī | 

skandhā: skandhān pratītyemāṃlloko’nanto bhavedatha ||24|| 

atha yadi pūrvakā: skandhā na naśyeyu:, tān pratītya uttare phalabhūtā: skandhā 

notpadyeran, tadā ananto’vināśī loka: syāt svarūpādapracyutatvāt | yadā tu pūrvakā: 

skandhā nirudhyante, taddhetukāścāpare skandhā uttarakālaṃ jāyante, tadā pūrvakānāmanavasthā- 

nāt kuto’nantavattvaṃ saṃsārasya syāt ? ||24|| 

@289

idānīṃ trtīyamubhayapakṡabhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha—

antavānekadeśaścedekadeśastvanantavān | 

syādantavānanantaśca lokastacca na yujyate ||25|| 

yadi hi kasyacidekadeśasya vināśa: syāt, ekadeśasya ca gatyantaragamanaṃ syāt, 

syāttadānīmantavāṃśca loko’nantavāṃśca | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati yadekadeśo naśyati, 

ekadeśo na naśyatīti | ata: antavāṃśca anantavāṃśca loka iti na yujyate ||25|| 

kasmāt punarekadeśasya vināśa: ekadeśasya cāvasthānaṃ na yujyate iti 

pratipādayannāha—

kathaṃ tāvadupādāturekadeśo vinaṅkṡyate | 

na naṅkṡyate caikadeśa evaṃ caitanna yujyate ||26|| 

iha ekadeśasya vināśe ekadeśasya cāvasthāne parikalpyamāne yadi vā upādātu- 

rekadeśasya vināśa: avasthānaṃ vā parikalpyeta, yadi vā upādānasya ? tatra yadi 

tāvadupādāturekadeśasya vināśa: ekadeśasya cāvasthānaṃ parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? yasmāt—

kathaṃ tāvadupādāturekadeśo vinaṅkṡyate | 

na naṅkṡyate caikadeśa: 

naiva hi atra kācidupapattirasti yayā ekadeśasya vināśamekadeśasya cāvināśaṃ 

parikalpayiṡyāma: | ata eva upapattimapaśyannācārya āha—

evaṃ caitanna yujyate || iti | 

atha vā | upādātā hi nāma ātmā | sa ca skandheṡu pañcadhā mrgyamāṇo na saṃbhavati | 

yaśca na saṃbhavati, tasya kathamekadeśo vinaṅkṡyate, ekadeśaśca na naṅkṡyate ? ata evāha—

evaṃ caitanna yujyate iti | atha vā | yadi upādāturekadeśo naśyedekadeśaśca na naśyet, tadā 

ekasyaiva upādāturdevatvamaṃśenānyena manuṡyatvaṃsyāt | na caitadiṡyate ityāha—evaṃ 

caitanna yujyate iti | evaṃ tāvadupādāturantavattvamanantavattvaṃ ca na yuktamiti ||26|| 

idānīmupādānasyāpi yathā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha—

upādānaikadeśaśca kathaṃ nāma vinaṅkṡyate | 

na naṅkṡyate caikadeśo naitadapyupapadyate ||27|| 

upādātrvadetadapi vyākhyeyam ||27|| 

tadevamubhayadarśanāsaṃbhavaṃ pratipādya idānīṃ yathā nobhayamapi na saṃbhavati tathā 

pratipādayannāha—

@290

antavaccāpyanantaṃ ca prasiddhamubhayaṃ yadi | 

siddhe naivāntavatkāmaṃ naivānantavadityapi ||28|| 

pratiṡedhyasya vastuno’saṃbhavāt pratiṡedhasyāpyasaṃbhava iti | ata: antavattve ca 

anantavattve ca ubhayasminnapratīte kasya pratiṡedhena naivāntavān nānantavān loka: iti 

drṡṭisaṃbhava: syāditi ||28|| 

evaṃ tāvat sāṃvrtaṃ pratibimbākāramupādātāramupādānaṃ cābhyupetyāpi śāśvatādi- 

drṡṭyasaṃbhavaṃ pratipādya idānīṃ sarvathā bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhena vandhyāputraśyāmagauratādivat 

śāśvatādidrṡṭīnāmasaṃbhavaṃ pratipipādayiṡurāha—

atha vā sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvācchāśvatādaya: | 

kva kasya katamā: kasmātsaṃbhaviṡyanti drṡṭaya: ||29|| 

iha sarvabhāvānāṃ pratītyasamutpannatvāt śūnyatvaṃ sakalena śāstreṇa pratipāditam | 

tataśca sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvāt katamāstā: sarvabhāvabāhyā: śāśvatādyā drṡṭayo bhaviṡyanti, 

yā: kaścid grahīṡyati yatastannirākāraṇamārapsyāmahe ? tathā kiṃ vā ālambanaṃ 

yat sarvabhāvānantargataṃ yatraitā drṡṭaya utpatsyante yatraitā drṡṭīrnivārayiṡyāma: ? katama- 

ścāsau bhāva: pudgalo vā sarvabhāvabāhya: yasyaitā drṡṭaya: utpatsyante yaṃ drṡṭibhyo 

nivārayiṡyāma: ? kiṃ vā drṡṭīnāmutpattikāraṇamālambananimittaṃ sarvabhāvabāhyaṃ 

yasmānnimittādutpadyamānā: śāśvatādikā: drṡṭo: vārayiṡyāma: ? sarveṡāmeva hi padārthānāṃ 

sarvabhāvāntargatatvāt śūnyatvam, śūnyatvācca sarve eva hi te padārthā nopalabhyanta iti, 

kva kasya katamā: kasmātsaṃbhaviṡyanti drṡṭaya: | 

naiva kāścit, naiva kvacit, naiva kasyacit, nāpi kenacidākāreṇa saṃbhaviṡyantī- 

tyabhiprāya: | asaṃbhave ca sati āsāṃ parikalpanaiva notpadyate ityayuktā evaitā 

drṡṭaya: ||29|| 

tadevam—

sarvadrṡṭiprahāṇāya ya: saddharmamadeśayat | 

anukampāmupādāya taṃ namasyāmi gautamam ||30|| 

tatra saṃsāranirvāṇaprahāṇādhigamopalambhaprapātapatanasaṃdhāraṇāt dharma: | satāmāryāṇāṃ 

krtakāryāṇāṃ dharma: saddharma: | yadi vā śobhano dharma: saddharma:, sakalasaṃsāradu:khakṡayakaratvena 

praśaṃsanīyatvāt | ya: saddharmam—

anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam | 

anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam || 

[ma^ śā^-1.1] 

@291

prapañcopaśamaṃ śivaṃ pratītyasamutpādasaṃjñayā hi deśitavān sarvadrṡṭiprahāṇārthaṃ jagatāmanukampā- 

mupādāya mahākaruṇāmevāśritya priyaikaputrādhikatarapremapātrasakalatribhuvanajana: {1. ##T om.## priyaika…jana:.} na lābha- 

satkārapratyupakārādilipsayā, taṃ namasyāmi niruttaramadvitīyaṃ śāstāram | kiṃnāma- 

dheyam ? gautamam | paramarṡigotrasaṃbhūtamityartha:{2. ##T## gotamarṡi^ ##for## paramarṡi^.} || 

{3. ##T## yathoktaṃ sūtre ##for## yathokta…sattvena.} yathoktamāryaśālistambasūtre āryamaitreyeṇa mahābodhisattvena—

ya imaṃ pratītyasamutpādamevaṃ yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā satatasamitamajīvaṃ nirjīvaṃ 

yathāvadaviparītamajātamabhūtamakrtamasaṃskrtamapratighamanāvaraṇaṃ śivamabhayamanāhāryamavyaya- 

mavyupaśamasvabhāvaṃ paśyati asatastucchata: riktato’sārato rogato gaṇḍata: śalyato’ghato’-

nityato du:khata: śūnyato’nātmata:, na sap ūrvāntaṃ pratisarati | kiṃ nvahamabhūvamatīte’- 

dhvani, āhosvinnābhūvamatīte’dhvani, ko nvahamabhūvamatīte’dhvani, kathaṃ nvahamabhūva- 

matīte’dhvani | aparāntaṃ vā punarna pratisarati, kiṃ nvahaṃ bhaviṡyāmyanāgate’dhvani, 

āhosvinna bhaviṡyāmyanāgate’dhvani, ko nu bhaviṡyāmyanāgate’dhvani, kathaṃ nu 

bhaviṡyāmyanāgate’dhvani | pratyutpannaṃ vā punarna pratisarati, kiṃ nvidaṃ kathaṃ nvidaṃ ke 

santa: ke bhaviṡyāma: ayaṃ sattva: kuta āgata:, sa itaścyuta: kutra gamiṡyatīti yānye- 

keṡāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ prthagloke drṡṭigatāni bhaviṡyanti tadyathā-ātmavādaprati- 

saṃyuktāni jīvavādapratisaṃyuktāni kautukamaṅgalapratisaṃyuktāni, tānyasya tasmin samaye 

prahīṇāni bhavanti parijñātāni samucchinnamūlāni tālamastakavadanābhāsagatāni āyatyā- 

manutpādānirodhadharmāṇi || 

atha khalvāyuṡmān śāriputro maitreyasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya bhāṡita- 

mabhinadya anupramodya utthāyāsanāt prakrānta:, prakrāntāste ca bhikṡava iti ||30|| 

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavrttau 

drṡṭiparīkṡā nāma saptaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇaṃ samāptam || 

|| samāptaṃ cedaṃ madhyamakaśāstraṃ sakalalaukikalokottarapravacananītaneyārthavyākhyāna- 

naipuṇyaviśāradaṃ śrāvakapratyekabuddhānuttarasamyaksaṃbuddhabodhimaṇḍāsanadāyakamiti || 

@292

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@293

prathamaṃ pariśiṡṭam | 

kārikāsūcī | 

akrtābhyāmabhayaṃ-17.23 

agnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāta–10.15 

ajātamaniruddhaṃ ca–24.38 

ajyate kenacitkaścit–9.5

ataśca pratyudāvrttaṃ-24.12 

atīto vartamānaśca–19.8,9 

atra brūma: śūnyatāyāṃ-24.7 

athāvrtta: phalenāsau–20.11 

adhvanyanāgate kiṃ nu–27.14 

anapekṡya puna: siddhi:-19.3,7 

anapekṡya śubhaṃ nāsti–23.11 

anapekṡyāśubhaṃ nāsti–23.10 

anālambana evāyaṃ-1.10 

anitye nitya ityevaṃ-23.13,14 

anirodhamanutpādaṃ-1.1 

anutpanna: kathaṃ nāma–23.19 

anutpanneṡu dharmeṡu–1.11

anutpanno’yamutpāda:-7.13 

anekārthamanānārthaṃ–18.11 

antavaccāpyanantaṃ ca–27.28 

antavānekadeśaśced–7.25 

antavān yadi loka: syāt–27.21 

anya utpādayatyenaṃ-7.19 

anya eva punargantā-2.20 

anya evendhanādagni:-10.6,7 

anyadanyatpratītya–14.5 

anya: punarupādānāt–27.7 

anyenānyasya saṃsarga:-14.3 

anyo na prāpyate–10.5

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ-18.9 

apekṡyendhanamagnirna–10.12

apratītyāpi bodhiṃ ca–24.31 

apratītya samutpannaṃ-24.21 

apratītya samutpanno–24.19 

aprahīṇamasaṃprāptaṃ-25.3

aprāpyaiva pradīpena–7.11 

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ-24.3

abhūmatītamadhvānaṃ-27.3

ayamutpadyamānaste–7.7 

alakṡaṇo na kaścicca–5.2

avidyamāne grāhe ca–23.16 

avidyamāne ca śubhe–23.12 

avidyamāne bhāve ca–5.6 

avidyānirvrto jantu:-17.28 

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ-26.11 

aśāśvataṃ śāśvataṃ ca–27.18 

aśubhaṃ vā śubhaṃ vāpi–23.9 

asato’pi nab hāvasya–7.31

asatyāṃ saṃgatau hetu:-20.15 

asaṃprāptasya ca prāpti:-24.39 

astitvaṃ ye tu paśyanti–5.8 

asti yaddhi svabhāvena–15.11

astīti śāśvatagrāha:-15.10 

āgacchatyanyato nāgni:-10.13

ātmanaśca satattvaṃ ye–10.16 

ātmano’stitvanāstitve–23.3

ātmanyasati cātmīyaṃ-18.2 

ātmasaṃyamakaṃ ceta:-17.1

ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca–23.21

ātmā skandhā yadi bhavet–18.1

ātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ-18.6

indhanaṃ punaragnirna–10.14 

imāṃ puna: pravakṡyāmi–17.13 

@294

utpadyante pratītyemān–1.7 

utpadyamānamutpattau–7.15

utpadyamānamutpādo–7.18

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāṃ-7.4,33

utpādādyāstrayo vyastā-7.2

utpādotpāda utpādo–7.4,5

udayavyayasaṃtāna:-21.16 

upādānavinirmukto–27.5

upādānādupādānaṃ-16.3

upādāne sati bhava:-26.7

upādānaikadeśaśca–27.27 

ekatve phalahetvo: syād–20.20 

ekatve sahabhāvaścet–6.5

ekībhāvena vā siddhi:-2.21 

etenaivāvaśiṡṭau dvau–19.4

evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ-8.13 

evaṃ śūnyamupādānaṃ-22.10 

evaṃ triṡvapi kāleṡu–21.21

evaṃ drṡṭiratīte yā-27.13 

evaṃ nānya upādānāt–27.8 

evaṃ nirudhyate’vidyā-23.23 

evaṃ raktena rāgasya–6.10 

evaṃ rāgaśca raktaśca–14.2 

kathaṃ vā sarvabhāvānāṃ-27.29

kathaṃ hyavidyamānasya–9.2

kathamutpatsyate śūnyaṃ-20.18 

kathamutpadyamānena–7.10 

kathaṃ tāvadupādātu:-27.26 

karoti yadyasadbhūto–8.3

karoti sadasadbhūto–8.11

karmakleśātmakaṃ cedaṃ-17.26 

karmakleśāśca dehānāṃ-17.27 

karma cennāsti kartā ca–17.30 

karma notpadyate kasmāt–17.21

karma svabhāvataścet–17.22 

karmakleśakṡayānmokṡa:-18.5

karmaṇa: karmaṇo drṡṭe–17.18 

kasya syādanyathābhāva:-13.4

kātyāyanāvavāde ca–15.7 

kāraka: sadasadbhūta:-8.7

kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ caiva–11.7;24.17 

kālo’tīto’nāgataśca–19.6

kiṃ tadeva kimanyat kiṃ-25.23

kutaścidāgata: kaścit–27.19 

kuta: svabhāvasyābhāve–15.3

kriyā na pratyayavatī-1.6

kleśā: karmāṇi dehāśca–17.33 

kṡayasya saṃbhavo nāsti–21.7

gataṃ na gamyate tāvat–2.1

gate nārabhyate gantuṃ-2.12

gatyā yayocyate gantā-2.22,23

gantā tāvadgacchatīti–2.9

gantā tāvattiṡṭhatīti–2.16

gantā na gacchati tāvat–2.8 

gantā na tiṡṭhati tāvat–2.15 

gantāraṃ cettiraskrtya–2.7

gamanaṃ sadasadbhūtaṃ-2.25

gamane dve prasajyete–2.11

gamanaṃ saṃpravrttiśca–2.17 

gamyamānasya gamanaṃ-2.3,4

gamyamānasya gamane–2.5

ghanagrāhagrhītastu–22.13 

cakṡu: pratītya rūpaṃ ca–26.4

catvāra: pratyayā hetu:-1.4

carame na niruddhe ca–21.18

cittācca yasmātsaṃtāna:-17.10 

cetanā cetayitvā ca–17.2

ceṡṭā yatra gatistatra–2.2 

janayetphalamutpannaṃ-20.10

@295

jarāmaraṇadharmeṡu–7.24

tattvānyatvena yo nāsti–22.8 

tatra yaccetanetyuktaṃ-17.3

tatraitasmādidhyamānaṃ-10.4

 tathāgato yatsvabhāva:-22.16 

tathā nirmitakākāra:-17.32

tadabhāvānna vidyante–24.3

tadvipakṡavipākaṃ ca–17.25

tanmrṡā moṡadharmaṃ yad–13.1,2

tayaivāvasthayāvasthā-7.28 

tasmānna vidyate lakṡyaṃ-5.5 

tasya cedanyathābhāvo–13.6

tasya tasya nirodhena–26.12 

tasyaiva nānyathābhāvo–13.5

tiraskrtya draṡṭā nāsti–3.6

tiṡṭhatyā pākakālāccet–17.6

tiṡṭhamāno’pi bhagavān–25.18 

tvameva doṡānātmīyān–24.15 

darśanaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ-3.1 

darśanaśravaṇādibhyo–9.3

darśanaśravaṇādīni–9.1,10,11

drṡṭayo’bhūvaṃ nābhūvaṃ-27.1 

draṡṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ draṡṭā-14.1 

draṡṭavyadarśanābhāvāt–3.8

draṡṭā sa eva sa śrotā-9.8

draṡṭānya eva śrotānyo–9.9 

divyo yadyekadeśa: syāt–27.17 

devādanyo manuṡyaścet–27.16 

daurmanasyamupāyāsā:-26.9

dve satye samupāśritya–24.8 

dvau gantārau prasajyete–2.6

dharmasya sādhanopāyā:-17.11

dharmādharmanimittaṃ vā-24.35

dharmādharmau na vidyete–8.5

dharma cāsati saṃghe ca–24.5

na kartavyaṃ bhavetkiṃcit–24.37

na kāraṇasya sadrśaṃ-4.6

na kevalaṃ hi du:khasya–12.10 

na ca kevalamanyatvaṃ-14.4

na ca dharmamadharmaṃ vā-24.33 

na ca pratyayahetūnāṃ-20.23 

na ca vyastasamasteṡu–1.13

na cājanayamānasya–20.22

na cāpi viparītasya–23.17 

na cennirudhyamānaśca–21.20 

na copādānamevātmā-27.6

na jarāmaraṇenaiva–11.5

na jātasya hi jātena–20.14

na jātasya hyajātena–20.13 

na tāvatsvakrtaṃ du:khaṃ-12.8 

na tena tasya saṃsargo–14.8

na nirodha: svabhāvena–24.23

na nirvāṇasamāropo–16.10 

na paryāpto’gnidrṡṭānto–3.3 

na pūrvaṃ gamanārambhāt–2.13 

na pratyayamayaṃ phalaṃ-1.16 

na pratyayasamutpannaṃ-17.29 

na badhyante na mucyante–16.5

na bhavatyanupādānaṃ-22.6 

nab hāvājjāyate bhāvo–21.12

na viparyasyamānasya–23.18 

na saṃsārasya nirvāṇāt–25.19 

na sannāsanna sadasat–1.9 

na saṃbhava: svabhāvasya–15.1

na sāmagrīkrtaṃ phalaṃ-20.24

na svato jāyate bhāva:-21.13; 23.20

na  svato nāpi parato–1.3

na svātmanā nirodho’sti–7.32

na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ-1.5

nākāśaṃ vidyate kiṃcit–5.1

nātītasya hyatītena–20.12

@296

nātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca–23.22

nānyasmin vidyate’nyatvaṃ-14.7

nāpaśyamānaṃ bhavati–3.4

nāpyabhūtvā samudbhūto–27.12

nābhūmatītamadhvānaṃ-27.9 

nālakṡaṇe lakṡaṇasya–5.3

nāsadbhūtaṃ na sadbhūta-8.9 

nāsadbhūto’pi sadbhūtaṃ-8.10 

nāsthito grhyate kāla:-19.5 

nityapradīpta eva syāt–10.2 

niruddhe cetphalaṃ hetau–20.9 

nirudhyate nāniruddhaṃ-7.26 

nirudhyamānasyotpatti:-7.21

nirmamo nirahaṃkāra:-18.3

nirvāṇasya ca yā koṭi:-25.20 

nirvāsyāmyanupādāna:-16.9 

nivrttamabhidhātavyaṃ-18.7 

niṡkāraṇaṃ punā rūpaṃ-4.5

naikatve sahabhāvo’sti–6.4
naiva sato naivāsata:-1.8

naivāgraṃ nāvaraṃ yasya–11.2

naivābhāvo naiva bhāvo–20.15, 16 

notpadyamānaṃ notpannaṃ-7.14

pakṡo gantā gacchatīti–2.10 

pañca skandhā: sa ca bhava:-26.8 

paratra yathāvipraṇāśa:-17.14 

paratra nirapekṡatvāt–10.2

paraṃ nirodhādbhagavān–25.17 

paraṃ nirodhādantādyā:-25.21

parapudgalajaṃ du:khaṃ-12.5,6

parijñā ca prahāṇaṃ ca–24.2

paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyaṃ-17.5

paścājjātiryadi bhavet–11.4

paśyati darśanaṃ naiva–3.5

pudgala: saṃsarati cet–16.2

punarbhavāya saṃsārān–26.1

pūrvaṃ jātiryadi bhavet–11.3 

pūrvameva ca sāmagryā:-20.8 

pūrvā prajñāyate koṭi:-11.1,8

pūrve yadi ca bhajyeran–27.23

pūrve yadi na bhajyeran–27.24

prthaktve sahabhāvaśca–6.6 

prthaṅ na sidhyatītyevaṃ-6.8 

prthagbhāvāprasiddhiśca–6.9 

prakrtau kasya cāsatyāṃ-15.9 

pratītya kāraka: karma–8.12

pratītya parabhāvaṃ ya:-22.3

pratītya mātāpitarau–3.7

pratītya yadyadbhavati 7.16;18.10 

pratyutpanno’nāgataśca–19.1,2

pradīpa: svaparātmānau–7.8, 12

pradope nāndhakāro’sti–7.9 

prapañcayanti ye buddhaṃ-22.15

prahāṇaṃ cābravīcchāstā-25.10 

prahāṇato na praheyo–17.15

prahāṇasākṡātkaraṇe–24.27

phalaṃ sahaiva sāmagryā-20.7 

phalaṃ svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ-20.21

phalaṃ notpatsyate’śūnyaṃ-20.17 

phalaṃ ca pratyayamayaṃ-1.15 

phalavyatikramādvā sa–17.19

phalābhāve phalasthā no–24.29 

phale’sati na mokṡasya–8.6

baddho na mucyate tāvat–16.8 

badhnīyādbandhanaṃ karma–16.7 

bandhanaṃ cedupādānaṃ-16.6

bahavaśca mahāntaśca–17.12

bījācca yasmātsaṃtāna:-17.8 

buddha: skandhānupādāya–22.2

bhaviṡyati kathaṃ nāma–21.2,4

@297

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca–25.11,12,13,14

bhāvamabhyupapannasya–21.14,15 

bhāvaṃ pratītya kālaścet–19.6

bhāvaśca yadi nirvāṇaṃ-25.6

bhāvastāvanna nirvāṇaṃ-25.5

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhi:-15.5

bhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvānāṃ-1.12;13.8

mametyahamiti kṡīṇe–18.4

ya ājavaṃjavobhāvo–25.9 

yatra na prabhavantyete–11.6

yathā nirmitakaṃ śāstā-17.31

yathā mayā yathā svapno–7.34

yadapīdamupādānaṃ-22.9 

yadā du:khaṃ samudayo–24.25

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagni:-10.1

yadi kaścidanutpanno–7.17 

yadi nāsti svabhāvaśca–22.4

yadi bhāvo na nirvāṇaṃ-25.7 

yadi bhūta: svabhāvena–23.24

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvaṃ-24.1;25.1

yadi saṃskrta utpāda:-7.1 

yadi hyayaṃ bhavedanya:-27.10

yadīndhanamapekṡyāgni:-10.8,9 

yadeva gamanaṃ gantā-2.18,19 

yadaiva sarvadharmāṇāṃ-7.29 

yadyatīto’nāgataśca–19.5

yadyanyadanyadanyasmāt–14.6 

yadyabhāvaśca nirvāṇaṃ-25.8 

yadyabhūta: svabhāvena–23.23

yadyamībhya ime’nye syu:-12.3 

yadyaśūnyamidaṃ sarvaṃ-24.20;25.2

yadyaśūnyaṃ bhavetkiṃcit–13.7 

yadyastitvaṃ prakrtyā syāt–15.8 

ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ-24.40 

ya: pratītyasamutpāda:-24.18 

yaścābuddha: svabhāvena–24.32

yastasmāccittasaṃtāna:-17.9

yasmācca tadanuttpannaṃ-17.21

yasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo–5.7

yasyaciddhi bhavantīme–23.4 

yena grhṇāti yo grāho–23.15 

yena grāho grhītastu–22.13

yo’ṅkuraprabhrtirbījāt–17.7 

yo’pekṡya sidhyate bhāva:-10.10,11

rakte’sati punā rāga:-6.2

rāgādyadi bhavetpūrvaṃ-6.1

rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ-4.1

rūpakāraṇanirmukte–4.2

rūpaśabdarasasparśā-23.7,8 

rūpe satyeva rūpasya–4.4 

rūpeṇa tu vinirmukta:-4.3

lakṡaṇāsaṃpravrttau ca–5.4

vāgviṡpando’viratayo–17.4

vigrahe ya: parīhāraṃ-4.8 

vijñānaṃ saṃpraviśate–26.2

vinā dharmamadharmaṃ ca-24.34

vināpi darśanādīni–9.4

vinā vā saha vā nāsti–21.1

vināśayati durdrṡṭā-24.11

vedanācittasaṃjñānāṃ-4.7

vedanāpratyayā trṡṇā-26.6

vyavahāramanāśritya–24.10 

vyavahārā virudhyante–17.24

vyākhyātaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ-3.9 

vyākhyāne ya upalambhaṃ-4.9 

śāśvatāśāśvatādyatra–2.12

śubhāśubhaviparyāsāt–23.2 

śūnyamiti na vaktavyaṃ-22.11

śūnyatā ca na coccheda:-17.20

śūnyatāṃ phalasadbhāvaṃ-24.6

śūnyatāyāmadhilayaṃ-24.13

@298

śūnyatā sarvadrṡṭīnāṃ-13.8 

śūnyeṡu sarvadharmeṡu–25.12

ṡaḍāyatanamāgamya–26.3

sa evātmeti tu bhavet–27.4

sa te maulena janito–7.6

sa tvaṃ doṡānātmanīyān–24.15 

sa deva: sa manuṡyaścet–27.15

saṃsāramūlān saṃskārān-26.10 

saṃskārā: saṃsaranti cet–16.1

saṃskārāṇāṃ na nirvāṇaṃ-16.4

saṃkalpapratyayo rāgo–23.1

saṃgho nāsti na cetsanti–24.4

sataśca tāvadutpatti:-7.20 

sataśca tāvadbhāvasya–7.30 

satā ca kriyate nāsat–8.8

sadbhāvasya svabhāvena–21.17 

sadbhūta: kāraka: karma–8.1

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti–8.2

sadbhūto gamanaṃ gantā-2.24

sarvaṃ ca yujyate yasya–24.14 

sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na vā tathyaṃ-18.8 

sarvebhyo darśanādibhya:-9.6,7 

sarveṡāṃ viṡabhāgānāṃ-17.17

sarvadrṡṭiprahāṇāya–27.30 

sarvasaṃvyavahārāṃśca–24.36

sarvopalambhopaśama:-25.24 

sahānyonyena vā siddhi:-21.6 

sadaiva punarudbhūti:-6.3

saṃnipātastrayāṇāṃ yo–26.5

saṃbuddhānāmanutpāde–18.12

saṃbhavenaiva vibhava:-21.3

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva–21.8,9,10 

saṃbhavo vibhavenaiva–21.5

siddha: prthakprthagbhāvo–6.7 

skandhā na nānya: skandhebhya:-22.1

skandhānāmeṡa saṃtāna:-27.23

skandhāṃścāpyanupādāya–22.6 

skandhānyadyanu pādāya–22.5

sthitasya tāvadbhāvasya–7.27

sthitirnirudhyamānasya–7.23

sthityānyayā sthite: sthānaṃ-7.25

syādubhābhyāṃ krtaṃ du:khaṃ-12.9 

svamātmānaṃ darśanaṃhi–3.2

svakāyadrṡṭi vatkleśā:-23.5 

svapudlakrtaṃ du:khaṃ-12.4

svabhāva: krtako nāma–15.2

svabhāvataśca śūnye’smin–22.14 

svabhāvato na vidyante–23.6

svabhāvaparabhāvābhyāṃ-15.4

svabhāvato vidyamānaṃ-24.22

svabhāvaṃ parabhāvaṃ ca–15.6

svabhāvenānadhigataṃ-24.28

svabhāvenāparijñātaṃ-24.26

svayaṃ krtaṃ yadi bhavet–12.2

svayaṃkrtaṃ parakrtaṃ-12.1 

svayakrtasyāprasiddhe:-12.7 

svābhāvye sati mārgasya–24.24

hetu: phalena śūnyaścet–20.16 

hetuṃ phalasyādatvā ca–20.6

heto: phalasya caikatvaṃ-20.19 

hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca–20.1,2,3,4

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca–8.4

hetukaṃ phalasya datvā-20.5

@299

dvitīyaṃ pariśiṡṭam | 

ṭīkākrtoddhrtānāṃ padyāṃśānāṃ sūcī | 

[aṅka: patrāṅkaṃ bodhayati] 

ajñānakalpitaṃ pūrvaṃ-(ratnāvalī )–88 

atha paṇḍitu kaści mārgate–(lalita^)–105

anakṡarasya dharmasya–(bhagavat)–130 

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā-225 

anityāśca te saṃskārā-(bhagavat)–14 

anirvāṇaṃ hi nirvāṇaṃ-(bhagavat)–266 

anutpādadharma: satataṃ tathāgata:-(hastikakṡya)–219 

anutpāda śānta animittapadaṃ-(samādhirāja)–47;96

anyatpratītya yadi nāma–(madhyamakāvatāra)–13

aparo’pyasya durjñānāt–(ratnāvalī)–242

apratītyāstitā nāsti–(catu:śataka)–191;246

abhedi kāyo..–255

amedhyapuñjapracchanne–226 

araṇiṃ yatha cottarāraṇiṃ-(lalita^)–105

alabhanta phalaṃ tatha prāptiṃ-(upāli^)–71;198 

alātacakranirmāṇa–(catu:śataka)–81;271

avācanakṡarā: sarva–265

avidyayā naiva kadāci vidyate–226 

avināśamanutpannaṃ-(āgamasūtreṡu)–269

asaṃlīnena kāyena–255

astīti nāstīti ubhe’pi antā-(samādhi^) 
-60;133
astīti nāstīti vivāda eṡa–(samādhi^)–61;133 
asthitā hi ime dharmā:-(bhagavat ?)–77 

asmin satīdaṃ bhavati–(ācārya)–4

ahaṃkārastathā skandhān–(ratnāvalī)–165

ahaṃkārodbhavā: skandhā:-(ratnāvalī)–166;224 

ākāśaṃ śaśaśrṅgaṃ ca–(laṅkā^)–259 

ākāśādīni kalpyante–(catu:śataka)–246 

ākāśaniśrita samāruta āpakhandho–(gāthāsu)–77 
ātmā tīrthyai: kalpyate nityarūpo–(madhyamakāvatāra)–156

ātmā hi ātmano nātho–(bhagavat=dhammapada)–170 

ātmacchedo nirvrtau syādavaśyaṃ-(madhyamakāvatāra)–164

ādarśaprṡṭhe tatha tailapātre–(samādhi^)–46;232

ādimadhyāvasānāni–(madhyamakasiddhānta)–269 

ādita śūnya anāgata dharmā-(ratnākara ?)–110 
ādiśāntā hyanutpannā:-(ratnamegha)–110 
ālokasamāśrita paśyati cakṡu:-(upāli^)–52;126

imu īdrśa dharmalakṡaṇā-(lalita^)–105

iṡṭo nātmā rūpavānnāsti yasmāt–(madhyamakāvatāra)–212

iha yadyapi tattvajño–(catu:śataka)–181

iha śāsani sūramaṇīye–(upāli^)–198

utpādakāle hi tathāgatasya–186

utpādavyayaṃ vipaśyate–(lalita^)–198

upasargeṇa dhātvartho–2

@300 

ullāpanā: kāmaguṇā hi pañca–187

ūrṇāpakṡma yathaiva hi–234

ekatvānyatvarahitaṃ-(nirupama^)–104

ekasya bhāṡamāṇasya–(āgama)–160 

ekasvarā tu tava lokahito–176

ekena kalpena bhaveddhi loko–187

ekena dharmeṇa tu sarvadharmān–(gaganagañja)–56 

ekena sarvaṃ jānāti–(samādhi^)–56 

etāvāneva puruṡo–(lokāyata)–172

etenaiva vicāreṇa–(catu:śataka)–27 

evaṃvidhārthaśravaṇāt–(ratnāvalī)–165

evaṃ dharmān vīkṡamāṇo–14;270 

evaṃ pūrvasuśuddhatvāt–(sūtra)–175

evime saṃkhatā dhammā-(gāthā)–109 

kaṇṭhoṡṭha pratītya tālukaṃ-(lalita^)–197

karatalasadrśo bālo–234

karmakriyā ca pravartati evaṃ-111

kalpavaśena vikalpitu loka:-(upāli^)–20;90

kalpita vuccati kalpitamātraṃ-111

kāma jānāmi te mūlaṃ-(sūtra,gāthā)–168; 221

kāraṇaṃ vikrtiṃ gacchad–192

kāla: pacati bhūtāni–185

kurvatāṃ śraddadhānānāṃ-(sūtra)–238

krṡṇa śubhaṃ na ca naśyati karma–(samādhi^)–115;170

keci sprha janenti tatra kāle–(samādhi^)–161

keśoṇḍukaṃ yathā mithyā-(laṅkā^)–129 

keṡāṃcidavadaddharmaṃ-(ācārya)–172

kriyāvān śāśvato nāsti-(catu:śataka)–50 

kṡaṇike sarvathābhāvāt–(madhyamakasiddhānta)–268

gītaṃ na nrtyamapi vādyarutaṃ na grāhyaṃ-(upāli^)–52 

grhyeta naiva ca jagadyadi hetuśūnyaṃ-(madhyamakāvatāra)–13

cakṡuśca pratītya rūpata:-(lalita^)–52 

citra manorama sajjitapuṡpā:-(upāli^)–20;90 

janmonmukhaṃ na sadidaṃ yadi jāyamānaṃ-

(madhyamakāvatāra)–268

jāyate cyavate cāpi–(bhagavat)–208 

jāyamānārdhajātatvāt–30 

jñānaṃ tathā ārya pratītya nāsravaṃ-(ratnakūṭa)–72 

jñānaṃ na kalpeti añānu no bhavet– 

(ratnakūṭa)–72 

jñānena jānāmyahu skandhaśūnyatāṃ-(samādhi^)–233 

tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ-(nāgārjuna)–3
tatra praṇaṡṭu jagaṃ imu sarvaṃ-(ratnākara)–120 
tatrārthadrṡṭirvijñānaṃ-(madhyāntavibhaṅga)–25 

tatha sarvabhavāṅgavartinī-(lalita^)–271

tathā samānena samānakālaṃ-(madhyamakāvatāra)–268

tathāgato hi pratibimbabhūta:-(hastikakṡya)–220;265

tasmāddhi tasya bhavane na guṇo'sti kaścit–(madhyamakāvatāra)–5

tamo’ndhakārasya na śaktirasti–(ratnakūṭa)–61

tahi kāli so daśabalo anagho–(samādhi^)–46;95

tena vijānita bodhijñānaṃ-(ratnākara)–107

te parinirvrta laukika śūrā-(upāli^ ?)–126;233

trīṡu adhvasu sattvānāṃ-(pūrvaśaila)–269

vaksnāyumāṃsāsthisamucchraye ca (samādhi^)–83

dundubhi vādita śakramarudbhi:-(sūtra)–175

@301

dūraṃgamāyāṃ tu dhiyādhika:-(madhyamakāvatāra)

–169

dūrībhūtairyathābhūto–(ācārya)–166 

drṡṭaśrutādyaṃ muninā-(ratnāvalī)–172

devata codani dundubhi divya–(sūtra)–175

devā pi sarve pramumocu śabdaṃ-(samādhi^)–136 

dvayāniśritamekeṡāṃ-(ācārya)-172

dharmacārī sukhaṃ śete–(dhammapada)–148 

dharmato buddhā draṡṭavyā-(bhagavat)–219 

dharma daśabalaprabhāṡite’tra–(samādhi^)–160 

dharma svabhāvatu śūnya vivikto-216 

dharmaṃ samāsato’hiṃsāṃ-(catu:śataka)–169 

dharmayautakamityasmāt–(ratnāvalī)–135 

na ca asmi loki mrtu kaści naro –(samādhi^)-46;95

na ca kāraku kāraṇa santi–(upāli^)–20;90 

na cakṡu: prekṡate rūpaṃ-(bhagavat)–51 

na ca śāśvataṃ na ca uccheda–(samādhi^)–47;95

na ca saṃkramo na ca punāgamanaṃ-(samādhi^)–47;96

na ca sattvu labhyati na jīvu naro–(samādhi^)–46;95

na cābhāvo’pi nirvāṇaṃ-(ratnāvalī)–257

na praṇaśyanti karmāṇi –(bhagavat)–156;188

na śūnyaṃ nāpi cāśūnyaṃ-(Madhyāntavibhaṅga)–217

na sthitirnāpi co jāti:-(bhagavat)–77 

na svabhāvo na vijñapti:-(laṅkā^)–129 

nānyayā bhāṡayā mleccha:-(catu:śataka)–177 

nāstiko durgatiṃ yāti–(ratnāvalī)–60

nāstīha sattva ātmā vā-(bhagavat)–170 

nityamarakta aduṡṭa amūḍhā:-(samādhi^)–83

nirodhasatyaṃ supinaṃ yathaiva –(samādhi^)-142

nirvāṇaṃ nivrttireva–(samādhi^)–233 

nirvrtti dharmāṇa na asti dharmā-(bhagavat)–256

nītārthasūtrāntaviśeṡa jānati–(samādhi^)–15;135

nairātmyāśubhāśca dharmi–(lalita^)–52

naivamātmā na cānātmā-(ratnāvalī)–172

no pi ca sattva na jīviha kaści-(upāli^)–127 

paṭa: kāraṇata: siddha:-34

paramārthasatya supinena samaṃ-(samādhi^)–142

parinirvrta loki ta śūrā:-(bhagavat)–233

pāragato’si bhavārṇavatīrṇa:-(ratnākara)–120 

prṡṭa: sa devarājena–(sūtre)–238 

pratipannakāścatvāra:-(sūtre)-238 

pratiśrutkādaya: śabdā:-(sūtre)–175

pratītya dharmānadhigacchate–(bhagavat)–247

pravrajitvā grhiliṅga jahitvā - (upāli^) – 17;198

prāṇiśatasahasra taṃ śrūṇitvā - (samādhi^) – 160 

phenapiṇḍopamaṃ rūpaṃ - (bhagavat) _ 14;270

bījasya sato yathāṅkuro – (lalita^) – 9;46; 180;208;271

buddhasahasraśatā ya atītā - 186

buddho yadā bheṡtyati dharmarājo – (samādhi^) – 136;175
bhaya darśita nairayikaṃ - (upāli^) – 20;90

bhāva abhāva vibhāvayi jñānaṃ - (samādhi^) – 136;209

bhāvasyaikasya yo draṡṭā - 55 

bhāvānabhāvāniti ya: prajānatī - (samādhi^) – 59;131;136

bhavitu mārga pravartitu ñāna – (upāli^) – 127 

marīcistoyasadrśī - (ācārya) – 166 

marīcipratimaṃ lokaṃ - (ratnāvalī) – 88 

@302

marīci toyamityetat – (ratnāvalī) – 88 

māyopamaṃ jagadidaṃ - (sūtra) – 217 

mukhasya saṃkrānti yadā na vidyate – (samādhi^) – 46;233

mudrātpratimudra drśyate – (lalita^) – 46;208;270

ya: pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto – (anavatapta^) – 118;240;244;246

yacchāsti va: kleśaripūnaśeṡān – 1 

yatha śaṅkitena viṡasaṃjña abhyupeti – 257
yatha ukkhitte loḍhammi (dvādaśāranayacakra) – 109

yatha gagaṇu na jātu dagdhapūrvaṃ - 105
yatha ñāta tayātmasaṃjña – (samādhi^) – 56 

yatha muñja pratītya valvajaṃ - (lalita^) – 271

yathā kumārī supināntarasmiṃ - (samādhi^) – 83;270

yathādarśamanādāya – (ratnāvalī) – 165

yathādarśamupādāya – (ratnāvalī) – 165
yathā nirvāṇu gambhīraṃ - 233

yathānto’sti kṡaṇasyaiva – (madhyamakasiddhānta) – 268

yathā bījasya drṡṭo’nta: - (catu:śataka) – 107
yathā yantrakrtaṃ tūryaṃ (sūtre) – 175

yathā hi dīpo layane cirasya – (ratnakūṭa) – 71

yathaiva gandharvapuraṃ - (samādhi^) – 83

yathaiva grāmāntari – (samādhi^) – 270 

yathaiva vaiyākaraṇo – (ācārya) – 172

yada sugatu kathāṃ katheti nātho – (samādhi^) – 160 

yadi kācana pratijñā syāt – (vigrahavyāvartanī) – 6;10 

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāva: - (hastikakṡya) – 186;251

yadyasya priyaṃ pūrvaṃ - (catu:śataka) -  177

yastavātmā mamānātmā - (catu:śataka) – 94

yasmātpravartate bhāva: - (catu:śataka) – 180 

yasya naiva hi sabhāvu – (ratnākara) – 35

yasya sabhāvu na vidyati kaści – (ratnākara) – 36;120 

yaṃ ca pabhāṡati dharma – 111 

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau – (samādhi^) 137;175

ye māṃ rūpeṇa adrākṡu: - (bhagavat) – 219 

ye rāgadoṡamadamohasvabhāva – (samādhi^ ?) – 65

yo icchatī sugataśrāvaku haṃ bhaveyaṃ - 169 

yo na pi jāyati no cupapadyī - (ratnākara) – 36;119

yo pi ca cintayi śūnyaka dharmān – (bhagavat) – 59;167;209

yo’pi ca śrūyati śabdu manojña – (upāli^) – 52

rathacakravad bhramati sarvajagat – (sūtre) – 218 

raśmiśatasahasra aprameyān – (samādhi^) – 160 

rāgādibhiśca bahurogaśatai: - (sūtre) – 217 

rūpasyābhāvamātratvāt – (ratnāvalī) – 200 

rūpādivyatirekeṇa – 27

rūpeṇa darśitā bodhi – (samādhi^) – 233

lakṡyāllakṡaṇamanyaccet – (lokātītastava) – 24

varaśukladharmaguṇasaṃnicayo – (samādhi^) – 47 

vāca na vidyati yāṃ ca vadesi – (ratnākara) – 120 

vāraṇaṃ prāgapuṇyasya – (catu:śataka) – 172

vijñānanirodhasaṃbhavaṃ - (lalita^) – 52

vināśayati durdrṡṭo – 242

viparītaabhūta kalpitai – (lalita^) – 106

śabdaścāpi nirvāṇaṃ ca – (samādhi^) – 233

śānta gatī kathitā sugatena – (ratnākara) – 36;120 

śānta prajānati dharma praṇītān – (ratnākara) – 120 

śānta paśānta ya vintayi dharmān – (bhagavat) – 60;167;209

@303

śukraśoṇitasaṃparka – (catu:śataka ?) – 226

śūnyamādhyātmikaṃ paśya – (bhagavat) – 167

śūnyaṃ ca śāntamanupādamayaṃ - (sūtre) – 217 

śūnyavidya na hi vidyate kvaci – (ratnākara) – 35

śailaguhāgiridurganadīṡu – (samādhi^) – 116 

śailaparvata yathā akampiyā - (ratnākara) – 35 

sa jātamātro gagane sthihitvā - (samādhi^) – 136

sasāṃkhyaulūkyanirgrantha – (ratnāvalī) – 135 

saṃvrti bhāṡitu dharma jinena – (samādhi^) – 115 

saṃskrtāsaṃskrtadharmaviviktā - (samādhi^) – 83

saṅgun a vidyati atra kadāci – (upāli^) – 127 

satkāyadrṡṭiprabhavānaśeṡān – (madhyamakāvatāra) – 163 

sadasatsadasacceti – (catu:śataka) – 178 

sadasatsadasacceti yasya – (catu:śataka) – 6

sarva anitya aśāśvata kāmā - 175

sarvaṃ eva ghaṭo’drṡṭo – (catu:śataka) – 27 

sarva dharma acalā - (ratnākara) – 35 

sarvadharmā: svabhāvena -  (samādhi^ ) – 233

sarva sayogi tu paśyati cakṡu: - (upāli^) – 52;126 

sarvi bhavā alike# aśikāśca – (samādhi^) – 116 

sarvi vadesi nirātmaka dharmān (ratnākara) – 120 

sarvi hi jvalamāṇi buddhakṡetre – (bhagavat) – 105

sāmagri pratītyaśca sā - (lalita^) – 197

sāmagryā darśanaṃ yatra – (bhagavat) – 51 

supinopamā bhagavatī sakalā - (mahāyānasūtreṡu) – 270 

supinopamaṃ hi  tribhavaṃ - (samādhi^ ?) – 47 

sūsukhitā sad ate nara loke – (bhagavat) – 208

skandha sabhāvatu śūnya vivikta – (bhagavat) – 167

skandha ātmā cedatastadbahutvāt – (madhyamakāvatāra) – 164

skandhātmā loka ākhyāta: - 240 

skandhānasatyān drṡṭvaivaṃ - (ratnāvalī) – 166; 224

skandhāyatanāni dhātava: - (lalita^) – 105

skandhebhyo’nyo yadi bhavet – 211

skandheṡvātmā vidyate naiva cāmī - 
(madhyamakāvatāra) – 212

stambhādīnāmalaṃkāro – (catu:śataka) – 189

sthānammayānu ayu thānu jinena ukto – (gāthāsu) – 77 

smarāmyahaṃ pūrvamatīta adhvani – (samādhi^) – 166 
syādyadi kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ - (pitāputra^) – 251

svayaṃkrta parakrtaṃ - (lokātītastava) – 20;115

svādhyāyadīpamudrā - (nāgārjuna) – 208;271

hetutu: saṃbhavo yeṡāṃ - (lokātītastava) – 200 

@304

trtīyaṃ pariśiṡṭam | 
ṭīkākāroddhrtānāmāgamasthagadyāṃśānāṃ sūcī | 

[ aṅka: patrāṅka bodhayati ] 

agatiriti saṃkarṡaṇapadametat – 45

adhigato mayā dharmo gambhīro – 243]

anavarāgro hi bhikṡavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāra: - 107;263

anātmāna: sarvadharmā: - 25 

avidyānivrtā: sattvā: - 159 

avidyānugato … puṇyānapi saṃskārān – 84

astīti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: - 133 

asmin satīdaṃ bhavati – 3; 21;73

ahameva sa tena kālena…māṃdhātā - 281

ātmeti kāśyapa ayameko’nta: - 171 

ādhyātmika: pratītyasamutpāda: - 275

idaṃ pāpaṃ karma svayameva krtaṃ - 159 

ucchedadarśanaṃ prahātavyaṃ - 206

utpādādvā tathāgatānāṃ - 14 

upaśama upaśama iti bhagavannucyate – 172

eko dharma: sattvasthitaye – 14

etaddhi…paramaṃ satyaṃ - 14 

katama:…samyakprayoga: 179 

katame sūtrāntā neyārthā: - 15 

kathaṃ...prajñāpāramitā paryeṡitā - 181

kiṃ … māyopamāste sattvā: - 220 

cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca – 2

cakṡurvijñānasamaṅgī nīlaṃ - 28 

caturṇāmāryasatyānāṃ yathābhūtārthā - 145;252

catvāra: pratyayā: ? 

cittaṃ hi kāśyapa parigaveṡyamāṇaṃ - 16 

cetanāmahaṃ bhikṡava: karma vadāmi - ? 

jarāpi dvividhaikāryapratyupasthānā - ? 

tadyathā … kāṇḍaṃ ca pratītya – 18 

tadyathā... māyākāranāṭake – 16 

tannirmitabodhisattvena – 161 

tanmrṡā moṡadharma yadidaṃ saṃskrtaṃ - 117 

tasmāttarhi saṃsārakṡayāya – 107

tena hi kauśika…na rūpe – 198

trīṇīmāni…saṃskrtasya – 66 

dvau dharmau lokaṃ pālayata: - 14 

dharmakāyā buddhā bhagavanta: - ? 

nāstyatra tathatā - 14 

nirvāṇamapyāyuṡmansubhūte māyopamaṃ - 141 

paramārthasatyaṃ katamat – 179 

pañca ca bhikṡuśatāni… 161

pañcamātrāṇi bhikṡuśatāni – 17 

pratītyasamutpādaṃ vo bhikṡava: - 2 

bālo cakṡuṡā rūpāṇi drṡṭvā - 62

buddhapramukho bhikṡusaṃgha: - 238 

buddho’pi…māyopama – 216 

maraṇamapi dvividhakāryapratyupasthāpanaṃ - 82

ya imaṃ pratītyasamutpādaṃ - 291

ya: pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyati – 74

yadanityaṃ taddu:khaṃ - 247 

yadbhūyasā kātyāyana loka: - 132

@305

gadyāṃśasūcī |
yanna śūnyatayā śūnyāndharmānkaroti – 122

yanmāra: pāpīyān – 146 

yantrakārakāritā yantrayuvati : - 16 

yāṃ ca rātriṃ tathāgato – 175; 265

ye kecidbhavena bhavasya ni:saraṇaṃ - 260 

yo mārgeṇa ni:saraṇaṃ - 227 

yo rajyeta yatra vā rajyeta – 65;232

yo hi bhagavan pūrvaṃ rāgadveṡamoha – 135 

loko mayā sārdhaṃ vivadati – 177 

śūnyā: sarvadharmā: - 117;137; 217;246

śrāvakabodhimabhisaṃboddhukāmena – 169 

ṡaḍ dhāturayaṃ mahārāja – 57 

sacetānanda vijñānaṃ mātu: - 271

sa cittamasamanupaśyan – 23 

satkāyadrṡṭimūlakā: - 167

santyasmin kāye keśā: - 22 

sālambanā dharmā: katame – 32 

syādyadi kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ - 251

svabhāvānutpattiṃ saṃdhāya – 246 

svayaṃkrtasya karmaṇa: - 159 

@306

caturthaṃ pariśiṡṭam | 

grantha-granthakrnnāmasūcī | 

[ aṅka: patrāṅkaṃ bodhayati ] 

akṡapāda – 215 

akṡayamatisūtra – [##T## 170; ##N## 74]-15 
adhyāśayasaṃcodanāsūtra – [##T## 69; ##N## 37 ] 

= drḍhādhyāśaya^ - 16; 227

anavataptahrdāpakramaṇasūtra – 118 

abhidharmaśāstra – 48; 268

ardhaśatikā, dvayardha – 117; 246

aṡṭasāhasrikā - 141;169; 181;182;198;216;220 

āgama – 28;29;32;74;82;149;160;177 

ācāryaṃ = nāgārjuna – 10; 67; 166; 172; 200 

ānanda – 165

āryadeva – 6; 172; 180 

upālipariprcchā - [ ##T## 68; ##N## 23, 24, 36, 979 ] – 20; 52; 71; 90; 115; 126; 198

aulūkya – 135 

kaṇabhakṡa – 215; kaṇāda – 257

kātyāyanāvavāda – 15; 132

kāpila – 257

gaganagañjasamādhisūtra – [ ##T## 148; ##N## 61 ] – 56 

gāthāsu – 77; 109; 221

catu:śataka – 6; 27 

jaimini – 215; jaiminīya – 257

tathāgataguhyasūtra – 172; 174; 265

tathāgatavāgguhyaparivarta – 265

digambara – 215 

drḍhādhyāśayapariprcchāsūtra – 16; 227 

dvyardhaśatikā, ardha^ - 117; 246

dhyāyitamuṡṭisūtra – 145; 252

nāgārjuna – 1; 8; 208; 271

nāstika – 135; 159; 176; 257

nikāya – ( sarvanikāyaśāstrasūtreṡu ) – 270 

nirgrantha – 135; 193

naiyāyika – 215 

pitāputrasamāgama – [ ##T## 60; ##N## 23, 16 ] – 251

pudgalaskandhavādin – 135 

puruṡādikāraṇin – 193

pūrvācārya – 176

prajñāpāramitā - (ardhaśatikā, dvyardhaśatikā, 

aṡṭasāhasrikā, vajracchedikā ) – 117; 141; 169; 181; 182; 198; 216; 219; 220; 246

pratītyasamutpāda – 221 

prasaṅga – 8 

buddhapālita – 5; 6; 9; 13; 93

bauddha – 10; 204

@307

bhavya = bhāvaviveka – 13; 93; 169

mañjuśrīpariprcchā - [ ##T## 96; ##N## 184-200 ] – 252 

madhyamakadarśana – 135 

madhyamakaśāstra – 14; 269 

madhyamakasiddhānta – 269 

madhyamakāvatāra – 5; 13; 163; 164; 169; 211; 212; 260

madhyāntavibhāga – 217 

madhyoddeśika – 239 

mahāyānasūtreṡu – 270 

mahāvastu – 239 

mādhyamika – 6; 55; 159; 176; 200 

māradamanasūtra – 146

ratnakūṭa – 16; 17; 71; 122; 161; 171

ratnacūḍapariprcchā - [ ##T## 91; ##N## 23, 47 ] – 23 

ratnameghasūtra – [ ##T## 231; ##N## 964 ] – 110 

ratnākarasūtra – 35; 119 

ratnāvalī - 60; 88; 135; 165; 172; 200; 224; 242; 257 

laṅkāvatāra – 129; 246; 259 

lalitavistara – 9; 46; 51; 52; 105; 197; 208; 270; 271

lokāyatika – 172

vajracchedikā - 219 

vajramaṇḍadhāraṇī - 18 

vigrahavyāvartanī - 6; 9; 10; 22

vijñānavāda – 135; 217 

vinaya – 16; 161

vimalakīrtinirdeśa [ ##T## 176; ##N## 146, 147, 149 ] – 161

vaibhāṡika – 257

śataka ( = catu:śataka ) – 81; 94; 107; 172; 177; 178; 180; 189; 191;
225; 246; 247; 271

śālistambasūtra – 275; 291

śāstra ( = abhidharma) – 270 

śāstra  ( = madhyamaka) – 269 

satyadvayāvatārasūtra – 179 

samādhirājasūtra – 15; 46; 47; 56;49;60; 61; 65; 83; 95; 96; 115; 116; 135; 136; 137; 142; 160; 161; 170; 175; 176; 208; 232; 233; 270 

sāṃkhya – 7; 135; 172

sāṃmitīya – 67; 91; 135

sūtra – 219; 220; 265; 266 

sautrāntika – 217 

skandhavādin – 135

svayūthya – 28 

hastikakṡyasūtra – [ ##T## 207; ##N## 193, 194 ] – 186; 251, 

@308

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@309

pañcamaṃ pariśiṡṭa | 

ārya–nāgārjunaviracitā 

vigraha – vyāvartanī 

svopajñavrttisametā | 

[##This Appendix contains the text of## nāgārjuna’s vigraha-vyāvartanī 

##with his own commentary. The text was first published in the journal of 

the Bihar and Orissa Research Society (Vol. xiii. iii. Appendix) and was 

edited by the late Dr. K. P. Jayaswal and## rāhula sāṃkrtyāyana ##from a 

single Ms. procured from Tibet by the latter. It was also translated from 

Tibetan by Dr. G. Tucci in GOS. 

I have included this text here with slight but obvious improvements 

for the simple reason that it is a manual of the methods of reasoning of 

the## mādhyamika ##School of Buddhists, written by## nāgārjuna, ##the founder 

and chief master of the system. Candrakirti refers not only to this text, 

but also to its commentary by## nāgārjuna ##(vide pp. 6, 9, 10). Thus the 

work being a genuine work of the author of## madhyamaka śāstra, ##and 

manual of## mādhyamika ##methodology, I thought that it should be in the 

hands, of the reader of## madhyamaka śāstra. ##It should be noted further 

that, under Stanza 28 of this work,## nāgārjuna ##quotes his own## kārikā 

##from mś., viz;, mś. 14.10 with words## yathoktam, ##indicating thereby that at 

the least commentary of## Vigraha vyāuartanī ##was composed by him after 

MS., introducing the stanza by the phrase :## na hi vyavahārasatyamanāśritya śakyā 

dharmadeśanā kartum. ] 

sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ sarvatra na vidyate svabhāvaścet | 

tvadvacanamasvabhāvaṃ na nivartayituṃ svabhāvamalam ||1|| 

yadi sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ hetau pratyayeṡu ca hetupratyayasāmagryāṃ ca prthak ca yatra sarvatra 

svabhāvo na vidyata iti krtvā śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti | na hi bīje hi hetubhūte’ṅku- 

ro’sti | na prthivyaptejovāyvādīnāmekaikasmin pratyayasaṃjñeti | na pratyayeṡu samagreṡu | 

na hetupratyayeṡu samagreṡu | na hetupratyayasāmagryām | na hetupratyayavinirmukta: prthageva vā | 

yasmādatra svabhāvo nāsti, tasmānni:svabhāvo’ṅkura: | yasmānni:svabhāva:, tasmāt 

śūnya: | yathā cāyamaṅkuro ni:svabhāvo ni:svabhāvatvācca śūnya:, tathā sarvabhāvā 

ni:svabhāvatvācchūnyā iti | 

atra vayaṃ brūma: - yadyevaṃ tavāpi vacanaṃ yadetacchūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tadapi 

śūnyam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? tadapi hetau nāsti, mahābhūteṡu saṃprayukteṡu viprayukteṡu vā 

pratyayeṡu nāsti | ura:kaṇṭhauṡṭhajihvādantamūlatālunāsikāmūrdhaprabhrtiṡu yannaivobhaya- 

@310

sāmagryāmasti | hetupratyayasāmagrīvinirmuktaṃ prthageva vā nāsti | yasmādatra sarvatra nālsti, 

tasmānni:svabhāvam, yasmāni:svabhāvam  tasmācchūnyam | tasmādanena sarvabhāvasvabhāva- 

vyāvartanamaśakyaṃ kartum | kiṃ kāraṇam ? na hyasadagninā śakyaṃ dagdhum | na hyasatā śasreṇa 

śakyaṃ chettum | nāsatībhiradbhi: śakyaṃ kledayitum | evamasatā vacanena na śakya: sarva- 

bhāvasvabhāfgvapratiṡedha: kartum | na śakya: sarvabhāvasvabhāvo nivartayitum || 

tatra yaduktaṃ sarvabhāvasvabhāva: pratiṡiddha:, sasrvatra bhāvasvabhāvo vinivartata iti, tanna | 

atha sasvabhāvametadvākyaṃ śrutvā hatā pratijñā te | 

vaiṡamikatvaṃ tasmin viśeṡahetuśca vaktavya: || 2 || 

athāpi manyase – mā bhūdeṡa doṡa iti sasvabhāvametadvākyam | sasvabhāvatvāccā- 

śūnyam | tasmādanena sarvabhāvasvabhāva: pratiṡiddha: sarvabhāvasvabhāvo vinivartata iti | 

atra brūma: - yadi te pratijñā - śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti , hatā sā | kiṃ cānyat | sarva- 

bhāvāntargataṃ ca tvadvacanam | kasmāt ? sarvabhāveṡu tvadvacanamaśūnyam | yena aśūnyatvāt 

sarvabhāvasvabhāva: svabhāvaprasiddha: | evaṃ ṡaṭkoṭiko vāda: kprasakta: | sa puna: kathamiti ? 

hanta cet puna: śūnyā: sarvabhāvā:, tena tvadvacanaṃ śūnyam, sarvabhāvāntargatatvāt

tvadvacanasya, tena śūnyena pratiṡedhānupapatti: | tatra ya: pratiṡedha: śūnya: sarvabhāva iti, 

[sa:] anupapanna: | (2) upapannaścet, puna: śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti pratiṡedha:, tena tvadvacana- 

śūnyatvāt anena pratiṡedho’nupapanna: | (3) atha śūnyā: sarvabhāvā:, tvadvacanaṃ cāśūnyam, 

yena pratiṡedhastena tvadvacanaṃ sarvatrāsaṃgrhītam | tatra drṡṭāntavirodha: | (4) sarvatra cet puna- 

rgrhītaṃ tvadvacanaṃ sarvabhāvāśca śūnyā:, tena tadapi śūnyam | śūnyam | śūnyatvādanena nāsti pratiṡedha: | 

(5) atha śūnyamasti cānena pratiṡedha: - śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tena śūnyā (a) pi 

sarvabhāvā: kāryakriyāsamarthā bhaveyu: | na caitadiṡṭam | (6) atha śūnyā: sarvabhāvā: na ca 

kāryakriyāsamarthā bhavanti, mā bhūd drṡṡṭāntavirodha iti krtvā śūnyena tvadvacanena 

sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedho nopapanna iti || 

kiṃ cānyat | evaṃ tadastitvāt vaiṡamikatvaprasaṅga:, kiṃcit śūnyaṃ kiṃcida- 

śūnyamiti | tasmiśca vaiṡamikatve viśeṡaheturvaktavya:, yena hi viśeṡahetunā kiṃcit śūnyaṃ 

kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ syāt | sa cā nopadiṡṭo hetu: || 

tatra yaduktaṃ śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

mā śabdavadityetat syātte buddhirna caitadupapannam | 

śabdenātra sata bhaviṡyato vāraṇaṃ tasya || 3 || 

syāt te buddhi: - yathā nāma kaścid brūyāt – mā śabdaṃ kārṡī:, mā śabdaṃ kārṡī- 

riti | tena ca śabdena vyāvartanaṃ kriyate | evameva śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti | śūnyena vacanena 

sarvabhāvasvabhāvasya vyāvartanaṃ kriyata iti | 

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atra vayaṃ brūma: - etadapyanupapannam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? satā hyatra śabdena bhaviṡyata: 

śabdasya pratiṡedha: kriyate | na punariha bhavata: satā vacanena sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedha: 

kriyate | tava hi matena vacanamapyasat | sarvabhāvasvabhāvo’pyasat | tasmādayaṃ mā śabda- 

vaditi viṡamopanyāso’sanniti || 

kiṃ ca | pratiśedha: pratiṡeddhyo’pyevamiti mataṃ bhaved tadasadeva | 

evaṃ tava pratijñā lakṡaṇato duṡyate na mama || 4 || 

syāt te buddhi – pratiśedha: pratiṡedhyo’pyanenaiva kalpenānupapanna: | tatra yad bhavān 

sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedhavacanaṃ pratiṡedhayati, tadanupapannamiti | 

atra vayaṃ brūma: - etadaśabdena sadeva | kasmāt ? tava hi pratijñālakṡaṇaprāpte 

matam, na  mama | bhavān bravīti śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, nāham | tasmāt tvatpratijñāṃ na 

payāmi (?) pūrvaka: pakṡo na mama || 4 || 

tatra yaduiktam – pratiṡedha: pratiṡedhyo’pyevaṃ matamupapannamiti ? tanna | 

kiṃ cānyat | 

pratyakṡeṇa hi tāvat yadyukpalabhya vinivartayasi bhāvān | 

tannāsti pratyakṡaṃ bhāvā yenopalabhyante || 5 || 

yadi pratyakṡata: sarvabhāvānupalabhya bhavān nivartayati śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti,

tadanupapannam | kasmāt ? pratyakṡamapi hi pramāṇaṃ sarvabhāvāntargatvāt śūnyam | yo’pi 

sarvabhāvānupalabhate, so’pi śūnya: | tasmāt pratyakṡeṇa pramāṇena nopalambhabhāva:, anupa- 

lambadhasya ca pratiṡedhānupapatti: | tatra śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti yaduktam, tadanupapannam || 

syāt te buddhi: - anumānena āgamena upamānena va sarvabhāvānupallabhya sarvabhāva- 

vyāvartanaṃ kriyata iti, atra brūma:- 

anumānaṃ pratyuktaṃ pratyakṡeṇāgamopamāne ca | 

anumānāgamasādhyā ye’rthā drṡṭāntasādhyāśca || 6 || 

anumānopamānāgamāśca pratyakṡeṇa pramāṇena pratyuktā: | yathā hi pratyakṡaṃ pramāṇaṃ 

śūnyam, sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvāt, evamanumānāgamopamānā api śūnyā: | sarvabhāvānāṃ 

śūnyatvāt | ye’pyanumānasādhyā arthā āgamasādhyā upamānasādhyāśca, te’pi śūnyā: | 

sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvāt | anumānopamānāgamaiśca yo’pi bhāvānupalabhate, so’pi śūnya: 

syāt | tasmāt bhāvānāmupalambhābhāvo’nupalabdhānāṃ ca svabhāvapratiṡedhānupapatti: || 

tatra yaduktaṃ śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmāvasthāvidaśca manyante | 

kuśalaṃ janasvabhāvaṃ śeṡeṡvapyeṡa viniyoga: || 7 || 

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iha dharmāvasthādivo manyante – kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāmekonaviśaṃ śatam | tadyathā -- 

ekadeśo vijñānasya, vedanāyā:, saṃjñāyāścetanāyā:, sparśasya, manasikārasya,  

chandasyādhimokṡasya vīryasya smrte: samādhe: prajñāyā: upekṡāyā: prayogasya 

saṃprayogasya prāpteradhyāśayasya prativirati: vyavasāyā ( ?) autsukyasya unmūrutsāhasya 

avyavartyasya vasitāyā: (?) pratipatteravipratīsārasya dhrteradhyavasāyasya anauṡvekasya 

ananumūrdhnya (?) nutsārasya | prāpaṇāyā: praṇidhe: madasya viṡayāṇāṃ viprayogasya anityāṇi

(?) katāyā utpādasya sthiteranityatāyā: samarthāgatasya jarāyā: paritrāsyatārate: | 

vitarkāṇāṃ prīte: pramādasya aprasrabdhe: vyavahāratāyā: preṡ (?) pratikūlasya pradakṡiṇagrāhasya 

vaiśāradyagauravasya citrīkārasya bhakterabhakte: śuśrūṡāyā: sādarasyānādarasya prasnabdhe: 

hāsasya vāca: viṡpandanāyā: siddhasyāprasādasya aprasrabdhe: vyavahāratāyā: dākṡyasya 

sauratyasya vipratisārasya śokasya | upāyāsāyāsabhī (?) tasya apradakṡiṇagrāhasya 

saṃśayasya saṃvarāṇāṃ pariśuddheradhyāśayasya rūpasyeti | śraddhā hrirārjavamavañcanam | upaśama: 

acāpalaṃ sapramādamārdavaṃ pratisaṃkhyānaṃ nirvairaparidāha: amada: alobha: adoṡa: amoha: 

asadvat apratinisarga: vibhava: apatrapyā apariśracchadanaṃ mānanaṃ kāruṇyaṃ maītre# adīna- 

tādiratama.. naṃ nāha: alīkacetase utpādanaṃ kṡānti: vyavasadu (?) asauratyamiti 

bhāgānvayam | puṇyam | asaṃjñī samāpatti: nairyāṇikatā asarvajñatā asaṃskrtā dharmā: iti 

ekonaviṃśaṃ śatam | kuśalānāṃ kuśala: svabhāva: | tathā  akuśalānāmakuśala: svabhāva:-- 

nivrttāvyākrta: | prakrtāvyākrtānāṃ prakrtāvyākrta: | kāmoktānāṃ kāmokta: | 

rūpoktānāṃ rūpokta: | ārūpyoktānāmārūpyokta: | anāsravāṇāmanāsrava: | du:khosktānāṃ 

du:khokta: | samudayoktānāṃ samudayokta: | nirodhoktānāṃ nirodhokta: | mārgoktānāṃ 

mārgokta: | bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ bhāvanāprahātavya: | aprahātavyānāmaprahātavya: | 

prahātavyānāṃ prahātavya: | 

yasmādevamanekaprakāro dharmasbhāvo drṡṭa:, tasmādiha yaduktam-ni:svabhāvā: 

sarvabhāvā:, ni:svabhāvatvāt śūnyā iti, tanna || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

nairyāṇikasvabhāvo dharmo nairyāṇikāśca ye teṡām | 

dharmāvasthoktānāmeva ca nairyāṇikādīnām || 8 || 

iha ca dharmo’vasthoktānāṃ nairyāṇikānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ nairyāṇika: svabhāva: | anairyāṇi- 

kānāmanairyāṇika: | bodhyaṅgikānāṃ bodhyaṅgika: | abodhyaṅgikānāmabodhyaṅgika: | 

bodhipakṡikāṇāṃ bodhipākṡikā: | abodhipākṡikāṇāmabodhipākṡika: | evaṃ śeṡāṇām | 

tad yasmādevamanekaprakāro dharmāṇāṃ svabhāvo drṡṭa:, tasmāt yaduktam-ni:svabhāvā: 

sarvaṃbhāvā:, ni:svabhāvatvāt śūnyā iti, tanna | 

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kiṃ cānyat | 

yadi ca na bhavet svabhāvo dharmāṇāṃ ni:svabhāva: ityevam | 

nāmāpi bhavennaivaṃ nāmāpi nirvastukaṃ nāsti || 9 || 

yadi dharmāṇāṃ svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ svabhāvānāṃ sadbhāvācca aśūnyā: sarvabhāvā:, 

tatra yaduktam-ni:svabhāvā sarvabhāvā:, ni:svabhāvatvāt śūnyā iti, tanna | kiṃ 

cānyat | 

atha vidyate svabhāva: sa ca dharmāṇāṃ na vidyate tasmāt | 

dharmairvinā svabhāva: sa yasyāsti tad yuktamupadeṡṭum || 10 || 

atha manyase – mā bhūdavastukaṃ nāmeti krtvā asti svabhāva: | na punardharmāṇāṃ 

na saṃbhavati | evaṃ dharmaśūnyatā ni:svabhāvatvaṃ dharmāṇāṃ siddhaṃ bhaviṡyati | na ca nirvastukaṃ 

nāmeti | 

atra vayaṃ brūma: - evaṃ kasyedānīṃ sa avabhāvo dharmavinirmuktasyārthasya, tatra 

yuktamupadeṡṭumartha: | sa ca nopadiṡṭa: | tasmāt yā kalpanā - asti svabhāvo na 

punardharmāṇāmiti, sā hīnā || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

sata eva pratiṡedho nāsti ghaṭo geha ityayaṃ yasmāt | 

drṡṭa: pratisṡedho’yaṃ sata: svabhāvasya te tasmāt || 11 || 

iha ca sato’rthasya pratiṡedha: kriyate nāsata: | tadyathā-nāsti ghaṭo gehe iti 

sato ghaṭasya pratiṡedha: kriyate nāsata: | evameva nāsti bhāvo dharmāṇāmiti sata: sva- 

bhāvasya pratiṡedha: prāpnotim nāsata: || 

tatra yaduktam—ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā:, nisvabhāvatvāt śūnyā iti, tanna | 

pratiṡedhasaṃbhavādeva sarvabhāvasvabhāvo’pratiṡiddha: | kiṃ cānyat | 

atha nāsti sa svabhāva: kiṃ nu pratiṡidhyate tvayānena | 

vacanenarte vacanāt pratiṡedha: sidhyate hyasata: || 12 || 

nāstyeva svabhāva ityanena vacanena ni:svabhāvā bhāvā iti vacanena kiṃ bhavatā 

pratiṡidhyate ? asato hi vacanād vinā siddha: pratiṡedha: | tadyathā agne: śaityasya, 

apāmauṡṇyasya || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

bālānāmiva midhyā mrtgatrṡṇāyāṃ yathā jalagrāha: | 

evaṃ mithyāgrāha: syātte pratiṡidhyato hyasata: || 13 || 

syāt te buddhi:--yathā bālānāṃ mrgatrṡṇāyāṃ mithyā jalamiti grāho bhavati | 

nanu nurjalā sā mrgatrṡṇeti tatra piṇḍitajātīyena puruṡeṇocyate tasya mithyāgrāhasya vini- 

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vartanārtham | evaṃ ni:svabhāveṡu ya: svabhāve grāha: sattvānām, tasya vyāvartanārthaṃ ni:- 

svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā ityucyata iti || 

atra brūma: | 

nanvevaṃ satyasti grāho grāhyaṃ ca tadgrhītaṃ ca | 

pratiṡedha: pratiṡedhyaṃ pratiṡeddhā ceti ṡaṭkaṃ tat || 14 || 

yadyevam, nanvevaṃ sati asti tāvat sattvānāṃ mithyāgrāha:, asti grāhya:, santi 

sattvā grahītāra: | asti pratiṡedha: tasyāpi mithyāgrāhasya, asti pratiṡedhyam—yadidaṃ 

mithyāgrāhyaṃ nāma, santi pratiṡeddhāro yuṡmadādayo’sya mithyāgrāhasyeti siddhaṃ ṡaṭkam | 

ṡaṭkasyāpyaprasiddhatvāt || 

yaduktam—apratiṡiddhatvāt śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | 

atha naivāsti grāho na ca grāhyaṃ na ca grahītāra: | 

pratiṡedha: pratiṡedhyaṃ pratiṡeddhāro’sya tu na santi || 15 || 

atha mā bhūdeṡu doṡa iti krtvā naiva grāho’sti, naiva grāhyam, na ca grahītāra 

iti | evaṃ sati grāhasya ya: pratiṡedha: -- ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā iti, so’pi nāsti, 

pratiṡedhyamapi nāsti, pratiṡeddhāro’pi na santi || 

pratiṡedha: pratiṡedhyaṃ pratiṡeddhāraśa yadyuta na santi | 

siddhā hi sarvabhāvā yeṡāmevaṃ svabhāvaśca || 16 || 

yadi ca na pratiṡedho na pratiṡedhyaṃ na pratiṡeddhāra: santi, apratiṡiddhā: sarvabhāvā:, 

asti ca sarvabhāvānāṃ svabhāva: || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

hetostato na siddhirnai:svābhāvyāt kuto hi te hetu: | 

nirhetukasya siddhirna copapannāsya te’rthasya || 17 || 

ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā ityetasminnarthe te hetorasiddhi: | kiṃ kāraṇam ? ni:sva- 

bhāvatvāddhi sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvānna tato heturyata:, asati hetau nirhetukasyārthasya śūnyā: 

sarvabhāvā iti kuta eva prasiddhi: ? 

tatra yaduktaṃ śūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

yadi cāheto: siddhi: svabhāvavinivartanasya te bhavati | 

svabhāvyasyāstitvaṃ mamāpi nirhetukai siddham || 18 || 

atha manyase—nairhetukī siddhi:, ni:svabhāvatvasya bhāvanāmiti | yathā tava 

svabhāvanivartanaṃ nirhetukaṃ siddham, tathā mamāpi svabhāvasadbhāvo’pi nirhetuka: siddha: || 

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atha hetorastitvaṃ bhāvanai:svābhāvyamityanupapannam | 

loke nai:svābhāvyānna hi kaścana vidyate bhāva: || 19 || 

iha yadi [ bhāvānāṃ nai:svābhāvyasya ] hetorastitvaṃ manyase, ni:svabhāvā: 

sarvabhāvā iti , tadanupapannam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? na hi loke ni:svabhāva: kaścid 

bhāvo’sti || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

pūrvaṃ cet pratiṡedha: praścāt pratiṡedhyamiti ca nopapannam | 

paścādanupapanno yugapacca yata: svabhāvavo’san || 20 || 

iha pūrvaṃ cet pratiṡedha:, paścācca pratiṡedhyam, ni:svabhāvyaṃ nopapannam | asati 

hi pratiṡedhye kasya pratiṡedha: ? atha paścāt pratiṡedha:, pūrvaṃ pratiṡedhyamiti ca nopapannam | 

siddhe hi pratiṡerdhye kiṃ pratiṡedha: karoti ? atha yugapat pratiṡedhapratiṡedhye, tathāpi na 

pratiṡedha% pratiṡedhyasyārthasya kāraṇaṃ prati, na pratiṡedhya:, na pratiṡedhasya ca | yathā yuga- 

padutpannayo: śaśaviṡāṇayo: naiva dakṡiṇaṃ savyasya kāraṇam, savyaṃ vā dakṡiṇasya kāraṇaṃ 

bhavatīti || 

tatra yaduiktaṃ ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | atrocyate-yat tāvad 

bhavatoktam—

sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ sarvatra na vidyate svabhāvaścet | 

tvadvacanamasvabhāvaṃ na nivartayituṃ svabhāvamalam || 

iti, atra brūma:- 

hetupratyayasāmagryāṃ prthagbhāve’pi madvaco na yadi | 

nanu śūnyatvaṃ siddhaṃ bhāvānāmasvabhāvatvāt || 21 || 

yadi madvaco hetu: nāsti, mahābhūteṡu saṃprayukteṡu viprayukteṡu vā pratyayeṡu vā pratyayeṡu nāsti, 

ura:kaṇṭhauṡṭhajihvādantatālunāsikamūrdhaprabhrtiṡu prayatneṡvapi nāsti, nobhayasāmagryāmasti, 

hetupratyayasāmagrīvinirmuktaṃ prthag (na) vāsti | tasmānni:svabhāvā:, ni:svabhāvatvā-- 

cchūnyam | evaṃ nanu śūnyatvaṃ siddhaṃ ni:svabnhāvatvādasya madoyavacasa: | yathā caitanmadvacanaṃ 

ni:svabhāvatvācchūnyam, tathā sarvabhāvā ni:svabhāvatvācchūnyamiti || 

yad bhavatoktam—tvadīyavacasa: śūnyatvāt śūnyatā sarvabhāvānāṃ nopapadyate iti, 

tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

yaśca pratītya bhāvo bhāvānāṃ śūnyateti sā hyuktā | 

yaśca pratītya bhāvo bhavati hi tasyāsvabhāvatvam || 22 || 

śūnyatārthaṃ ca bhavān bhāvānāmanavasāya śūnyatārthamajñātvā pravrtta upālambhaṃ 

vaktum | tvadvacanasya śūnyatvāt tvadvacanasya ni:svabhāvatvādevaṃ  tvadvacanena ni:svabhāvena 

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bhāvānāṃ svabhāvapratiṡedho nopapadyata iti | iha hi ya: pratītya bhāvānāṃ bhāva:, sā 

śūnyatā | kasmāt ? ni:svabhāvatvāt | ye hi pratītya samutpannā bhāvāste na sasvabhāvā 

bhavanti, svabhāvābhāvāt | kasmāt ? hetupratyayāpekṡatvāt | yadi hi svabhāvato bhāvā 

bhaveyu:, pratyākhyāyāpi hetuṃ pratyayaṃ ca bhaveyu: | na caivaṃ bhavanti | tasmānni:svabhāvā:, 

ni:svabhāvatvācchūnyā ityabhidhīyante | evaṃ madīyamapi vacanaṃ pratītyasamutpannatvānni:sva- 

bhāvam, ni:svabhāvatvāt śūnyamiti upapannam | yathā ca pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvaśūnyā 

ratha paṭaghaṭādaya: sveṡu sveṡu kāryeṡu kāṡṭhāharaṇamrttikāharaṇe madhūdakapayasāṃ dhāraṇe śīta- 

vātātapaparitrāṇaprabhrtiṡu vartante, evamidaṃ madīyavacanaṃ pratītyasamutpannatvāt ni:svabhāvaṃ 

ni:svabhāvatprasādhanaṃ pratyayabhāvānāṃ vartate || 

tatra yaduktam ni:svabhāvatvāt tvadīyavacanasya śūnyatvāt tasya ca 

tena sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedha upapanna iti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

nirmitako nirmitakaṃ māyāpuruṡa: svamāyayā srṡṭam | 

pratiṡedhayase yadvat pratiṡedho’yaṃ tathaiva syāt || 23 || 

yathā nirmitaka: [ nirmitaka ] puruṡamabhyāśatastu kaścidarthena vartamānaṃ pratiṡedha- 

yet, māyākāreṇa vā srṡṭo māyāpuruṡo’nyaṃ māyāpuruṡaṃ kasmiṃścidarthe vartamānaṃ pratiṡedhayet | 

tatra yo nirmitaka: puruṡa: pratiṡidhyate, sa śūnya: ya: pratiṡedhayati sp’pi śūnya: | yo’pi 

māyāpuruṡa: psratiṡidhyate, so’pi śūnya:, ya: pratiṡedhya:, so’pi śūnya: | māyāpuruṡo ya: 

pratiṡedhya:, so’pi śūnya: | ya: pratiṡedha:, so’pi śūnya: | evameva sarvabhāvānāṃ 

saarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyena svabhāvapratiṡedha upapanna: || 

tatra yad bhavatoktam—śūnyatvāt tvadvacanasya sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedho nopapanna 

iti, tanna | tatra ya: ṡaṭkoṭiko vāda ukta:, sa evaṃ pratiṡiddha: | naiva hyevaṃ sati na 

sarvabhāvāntargataṃ madvacanaṃ nāsti śūnyaṃ nāpi sarvabhāvā aśūnyā: | 

yat punarbhavatoktam—

atha sasvabhāvamedad vākyaṃ pūrvā hatā pratijñā te | 

vaiṡamikatvaṃ tasmin viśeṡahetuśca vaktavya: || 

iti, atrāpi brū#ma:-

na svābhāvikametad vākyaṃ tasmānna vādahānirme | 

nāsti ca vaiṡamikatvaṃ viśeṡahetuśca na nigadya: || 24 || 

na tāvanmama vacanaṃ pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvopapannaṃ yathā pūrvamuktam | 

svabhāvānupapannatvāt śūnyam | yasmācca  idamapi madvacanaṃ śūnyam, śeṡā api sarvabhāvā: 

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śūnyā:, tasmānnāsti vaiṡamikatvam | yadi hi vayaṃ brūma: - idaṃ vacanamaśūnyam, śeṡā: 

sarvabhāvā: puna: śūnyā iti, tato vaiṡamikatvaṃ syāt | na caitadevam | tasmānna vaiṡami- 

katvam | yasmācca vaiṡamikatvaṃ na saṃbhavati-idaṃ vacanamaśūnyam, śeṡā: puna: sarvabhāvā: 

śūnyā iti, tasmādasmābhirviśeṡaheturapi na vaktavya:-anena hetunā idaṃ vacanamaśūnyam, 

sarvabhāvā: puna: śūnyā iti || 

tatra yad bhavatoktam – vādahāniste vaiṡamikatvaṃ ca viśeṡahetuśca tvayā vaktavya 

iti, tanna | yat punarbhavatoktam—

mā śabdavadityetat syāt te buddhirna caitadupapannam | 

śabdena hyatra satā bhaviṡyato vāraṇaṃ tasya || 

iti, atra brūma:-

mā śabdavaditi nāyaṃ drṡṭhānto yastvayā mamārabdha: | 

śabdena hi tacca śabdasya vāraṇaṃ naiva me vaca: ||25|| 

nāpyayamasmākaṃ drṡṭānta: | yathā kaścit mā śabdaṃ kārṡīriti bruvan śabdameva 

karoti śabdaṃ ca pratiṡedhayati, yadvā śūnyena vacanena śūnyatāṃ na pratiṡedhayati | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? atra hi drṡṭānte śabdena śabdasya vyāvartanaṃ kriyate | na caitadevam | vayaṃ 

brūma:-ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā: ni:svabhāvatvāt tacchūnyamiti || 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

nai:svābhāvyānāṃ cennai:svābhāvyena vāraṇaṃ yadi hi | 

nai:svābhāvyanivrttau svābhāvyaṃ hi prasiddhaṃ syāt ||26|| 

yathā mā śabdamiti  śabdena śabdasya vyāvartanaṃ kriyate, evaṃ yadi nai:svābhāvyena 

vacanena nai:svābhāvyānāṃ vyāvartanaṃ kriyate, tato’yaṃ drṡṭānta upapanna: syāt | iha tu 

nai:svābhāvyena vacanena bhāvānāṃ svabhāvapratiṡedha: kriyate | evaṃ yadi nai:svābhāvyena vacanena 

ni:svabhāvānāṃ nai:svābhāvyapratiṡedha: kriyate, nai:svābhāvyapratiṡedhādeva bhāvā: sasvabhāvā 

bhaveyu:, sasvabhāvatvādaśūnyā: syu: | śūnyatāṃ ca vayaṃ bhāvānāmācakṡmahe nāśūnyatā- 

mityadrṡṭānta evāyamiti || 

atha vā nirmitakāyāṃ yathā strīyāṃ striyamityasaṃgrāham | 

nirmitaka: pratihanyāt  kasyacidevaṃ bhavedetat ||27|| 

atha vā | kasyacit puruṡasya nirmitakāyāṃ striyāṃ svabhāvaśūnyāyāṃ paramārthata: 

striyamityasaṃgrāha: syāt, evaṃ tasyāṃ tenāsaṃgrāheṇa rāgamutpādayet | tadyathā-tathāgatena 

vā tacchrāvakeṇa vā nirmitako nirmita: syāt | tathāgatādhiṡṭhānena vā tathāgata—

śrāvakādhiṡṭhānena vā tasya tamasaṃgrahaṃ vinivartayet | evameva nirmitakopamena madīyena 

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śūnyena vacanena nirmitakastrīsādrśyeṡu sarvabhāvani:svabhāveṡu yo’yaṃ svabhāvagrāha:, sa 

nivartyate, sa pratiṡidhyate | tasmādayamatra drṡṭānta: śūnyatāprasādhanaṃ pratyupapadyamāno 

netara: || 

atha vā sādhyasamo’yaṃ heturna hi vidyate dhvane: sattā | 

saṃvyavahāraṃ ca vayaṃ nānabhyupagamya kathayāma: ||28|| 

mā śabdavaditi sādhyasama evāyaṃ hetu: | kasmāt ? sarvabhāvānāṃ nai:svābhāvyenā- 

viśiṡṭatvāt na hi tasya dhvane: pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvasattā vidyate | tasyā: 

svabhāvasattāyā avidyamānatvāt || 

yaduktam—śabdena hyatra satā bhaviṡyato vāraṇaṃ tasyeti, tad vyāhanyate | api 

ca | na vayaṃ vyavahārasatyaṃ pratyākhyāya vyavahārasatyamanabhyupagamya kathayāma: śūnyā: sarva—

bhāvā iti | na hi vyavahārasatyamanāgamya śakyā dharmadeśanā kartum | yathoktam—

vyavahāramanāśritya paramārtho na deśyate | 

paramārthamanāgamya nirvāṇaṃ nādhigamyate || iti, 

tasmāt madvacanavat śūnyā sarvabhāvā: sarvabhāvānāṃ ca ni:svabhāvatvamubhayathopa- 

padyamānamiti || 

yatpunarbhavatoktam—

pratiṡedha: pratiṡedhyo’pyevamiti mataṃ bhavet tadasadeva | 

evaṃ tava pratijñā lakṡaṇato dūṡyate na mama || iti, 

atra brūma:-

yadi kācana pratijñā tatra syādeṡa meva bhaveddoṡa: | 

nāsti ca mama pratijñā tasmānnaivāsti me doṡa: || 29 || 

yadi ca kācit mama pratijñā syāt, tato mama pratijñālakṡaṇaprāptatvāt sa 

pūrvako doṡa: | yathā tvayoktaṃ tathā mama syāt | na mama kācidasti pratijñā | tasmāt 

sarvabhāveṡu śūnyeṡvatyantopaśānteṡu prakrtivivikteṡu kuta: pratijñālakṡaṇaprāpti:, kuta: 

pratijñālakṡaṇaprāptikrto doṡa: ? 

tatra yad bhavatoktam—pratijñālakṡaṇaprāptavāt tavaiva doṡa iti, tannāsti | 

yatpunarbhavatoktam—

pratyakṡeṇa hi tāvat yadyupalabhya nivartayasi bhāvān | 

tannāsti pratyakṡaṃ bhāvā yenopalabhyante || iti, 

anumānaṃ pratyuktaṃ pratyakṡeṇāgamopamāne ca | 

anumānāgamasādhyā ye’rthā drṡṭāntasādhyāśca || iti , 

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atra vayaṃ brūma:-

yadi kiṃcidupalabheyaṃ pravartayeyaṃ nivartayeyaṃ vā | 

pratyakṡādibhirarthaistadabhāvānme’nupālambha: ||30|| 

yadyahaṃ kiṃcidarthamupalabheyaṃ pratyakṡānumānopamānāgamaiścaturbhi: pramāṇai:, caturṇāṃ vā 

pramāṇānāmanyatamānyatamena, ata evaṃ pravartayeyaṃ vā nivartayeyaṃ vā | arthamevāhaṃ kiṃci- 

nnopalabhe | tasmānna pravartayāmi na nivartayāmi | tatraivaṃ sati yo bhavatopālambha ukta:-

yadi pratyakṡādīnāṃ pramāṇānāmanyatamena upalabhya bhāvān vinivartayasīti, nanu bhava—

toktāni pramāṇāni na santi tāni, taiśca pramāṇairapi gamyā arthā iti doṡa ukta:, 

sa me bhavatyevānupālambha: || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

yadi ca pramāṇatasteṡāṃ teṡāṃ prasiddhirarthānām | 

teṡāṃ puna: prasiddhiṃ brūhi kathaṃ te pramāṇānām ||31|| 

prasiddhiriti | yadi ca pramāṇatasteṡāṃ teṡāmarthānāṃ prameyāṇāṃ siddhiṃ manyase yathā 

mānairmeyānām, tathā teṡāmidānīṃ pratyakṡānumānāgamopamānānāṃ caturṇāṃ pramāṇānāṃ kuta: 

prasiddhi: ? yadi tāvanniṡpramāṇānāṃ pramāṇaṃ syāt, nāde: siddhistatrāsti, naiva madhyasya, 

nāntasya | yadi punarmanyase pramāṇai: prasiddhi:, pramāṇato’rthānāṃ prasiddhiriti, hīyate 

pratijñā | tathāpi—

anyairyadi pramāṇai: pramāṇasiddhirbhavatyanavasthā | 

nāde: siddhistatrāsti naiva madhyasya nāntasya ||32|| 

yadi punarmanyase—pramāṇai: prameyāṇāṃ prasiddhi:, teṡāṃ pramāṇānāmanyai: pramāṇai: 

prasiddhi:, anavasthāprasaṅga: | anavasthāprasaṅge ko doṡa: ? 

nāde: siddhistatrāsti naiva madhyasya nāntasya | 

asyānavasthāprasaṅga: āde: siddhirnāsti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? teṡāmapi hi pramāṇā- 

nāmanyai: pramāṇai: [pra] siddhi:, teṡāmanyairiti teṡāmapyanyairiti nāstyādi: | ādera- 

sadbhāvāt kuto madhyaṃ kuto’nta: ? tasmāt teṡāṃ pramāṇānāmanyai: pramāṇai: prasiddhi: 

[ iti yaduktam, tannopapadyate iti ] || 

teṡāmatha pramāṇairvinā prasiddhirvihīyate vāda: | 

vaiṡamikatvaṃ tasmin viṡeṡahetuśca vaktavya: ||33|| 

atha manyase—teṡāṃ pramāṇānāṃ vinā pramāṇai: prasiddhi:, prameyāṇāṃ punararthānāṃ 

pramāṇai: prasiddhiriti, evaṃ sati yaste vāda:-) pramāṇai: prasiddhirarthānāmiti, [sa] 

hīyate | vaiṡamikatvaṃ ca bhavati—keṡāṃcidarthānāṃ pramāṇai: prasiddhi:, keṡāṃcinneti | 

@320

viśeṡahetuśca vaktavya:, yena hetunā keṡāṃcidarthānāṃ pramāṇai: prasiddhi:, keṡāṃcinneti | 

sa ca nopadiṡṭa: | tasmādiyamapi kalpanā nopapanneti || 

atrāha—pramāṇānyeva mama svātmānaṃ parātmānaṃ ca prasādhayanti | yathoktam—

dyotayati svātmānaṃ yathā hutāśastathā parātmānam | 

svaparātmānāvevaṃ prasādhayanti pramāṇāni || 

paramiva svātmānaṃ parātmānaṃ ceti || 

atrocyate—

viṡamopanyāso’yaṃ na hyātmānaṃ prakāśayatyagni: | 

na hi tasyānupalabdhirdrṡṭā tamasīva kumbhasya ||35|| 

viṡama evāyamupanyāsa:-agnivat pramāṇāni svātmānaṃ ca prasādhayanti 

parātmānaṃ ca prasādhayantīti | na hyagnirātmānaṃ prakāśayati | yadi hi yathā prāgeva 

agninā aprakāśitastamasi kumbho nopalabhyate, athottarakālamupalabhyate’gninā 

prakāśita: san, evameva yadyagninā na prakāśita: prāgagni: [tamasi] syāt, uttara- 

kālamagne: prakāśanaṃ syāt | ata: svātmānaṃ prakāśayet | naitadevam | tasmādiyamapi 

kalpanā nopapadyate iti || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

yadi svātmānamayaṃ tvadvacanena prakāśayatyagni: | 

paramiva na tvātmānaṃ paridhakṡyatyapi hutāśa: ||36|| 

yadi ca tvadvacanena yathā parātmānaṃ prakāśayatyagni:, evameva svātmānamapi 

prakāśayatyagniriti, nanu yathā parātmānaṃ dahati, evameva svātmānamapi dhakṡyatīti | 

na caitadevam || 

tatra yaduktam—parātmānamiva svātmānaṃ prakāśayatyagniriti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat | 

yadi ca svaparātmānau tvadvacanena prakāśayatyagni: | 

pracchādayiṡyati tama: svaparātmānau hutāśa iva ||37|| 

yadi ca bhavato matena svātmaparātmānau prakāśayatyagni:, nanvidānīṃ pratipakṡa- 

bhūtatamo’pi svātmaparātmānau chādayet | naitadiṡṭam || 

tatra yaduktam—svaparātmānau prakāśayatyagniriti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat—

nāsti tamaśca jvalane yatra ca tiṡṭhati sadātmani jvalana: | 

kurute kathaṃ prakāśaṃ sa hi prakāśo’ndhakāravadha: ||38|| 

iha cāgnau nāsti tama:, nāpi ca yatrāgnistatrāsti tama: | prakāśaśca nāma tamasa: 

pratighāta: | tasmādagnāvapi nāsti nama: | yatrāgnistatrāpi nāsti tama: | tatra 

@321

kathamasya tamasa: pratighātamagni: karoti, yasya pratighātāt svaparātmānau prakāśayatīti ? 

āha—yat yasmādevaṃ nāgnau tamo’sti, nāpi yatrāgnistatra tamo’sti | yasmādevaṃ 

svaparātmānau na prakāśayatyagni: | tena hyutpadyamāne naivāgninā tamasa: pratigraha: | 

kuta: ? tasmānnāgnau tamo’sti, nāpi yatrāgni: tatra tamo’sti | yasmādutpadyamāna 

evobhayaṃ prakāśayatyagni: svātmānaṃ parātmānaṃ ceti || 

atrocyate—

utpadyamāna eva prakāśayatyagnirityasadvāda: | 

utpadyamāna eva prāpnoti tamo na hi hutāśa: ||39|| 

ayamagnirutpadyamāna eva prakāśayati svātmānaṃ parātmānaṃ ceti nāyamupapadyate 

vāda: | kasmāt ? na hyutpadyamāna evāgni: tama: prāpnoti, aprāptatvānnaivopahanti | 

tamasaścānupaghātānnāsti prakāśa: || 

kiṃ cānyat | 

aprāpto’pi jvalano yadi vā punarandhakāramupahanyāt | 

sarveṡu lokadhātuṡu tamo’yamihasaṃsthita upahanyāt ||40|| 

athāpi manyase-aprāpto’pyagnirandhakāramupahantīti, nanvidānīmihasaṃsthito’gni: 

sarvalokadhātusthamupahaniṡyati tama: tulyāyāmaprāptau | na caitadevaṃ drṡṭam | tasmāda- 

prāpyaivāgnirandhakāramupahantīti yadiṡṭam, tanna || 

yadi ca svata:pramāṇasiddhiranapekṡya te prameyāṇi | 

bhavati pramāṇasiddhirna parāpekṡā hi siddhiriti ||41|| 

yadi ca agnivat svata:pramāṇasiddhiriti manyase, anapekṡyāpi prameyāṇi 

pramāṇānāṃ siddhirbhaviṡyatīti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? na hi svata: [ siddhi: ] paramapekṡate | 

athāpekṡate, na svata:prasiddhi: || 

atrāha–yadi nāpekṡyante prameyānarthān pramāṇāni, ko doṡo bhaviṡyatīti ? 

atrocyate—

anapekṡya hi prameyānarthān yadi te pramāṇasiddhi: | 

bhavati na bhavati kasyacidevamimāni pramāṇāni ||42|| 

yadi prameyānarthānanapekṡya siddhirbhavati pramāṇānāmiti, evaṃ hi te tānīmāni 

pramāṇāni na kasyacit pramāṇāni bhavanti | evaṃ doṡa: | atha kasyacid bhavanti 

pramāṇāni, naivedānīmanapekṡya tān prameyānarthān pramāṇāni bhavanti || 

atha matamapekṡya siddhisteṡāmityatra ko doṡa: | 

siddhasya sādhanaṃ syānnāsiddho’pekṡyate hyanyat ||43|| 

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athāpi matam–apekṡya prameyānarthān pramāṇānāṃ siddhirbhavatīti, evaṃ hi sati 

siddhasya pramāṇacatuṡṭayasya sādhanaṃ bhavatīti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? na hyasiddhasyārthasya apekṡaṇaṃ 

bhavati | na hyasiddho devadatta: kaṃcidarthamapekṡate | na casiddhasya sādhanamiṡṭam | krtasya 

karaṇānupapatteriti || 

kiṃ cānyat—

sidhyanti hi prameyāṇyapekṡya yadi sarvathā pramāṇāni | 

bhavati prameyasiddhiranapekṡyaiva pramāṇāni ||44|| 

yadi prameyāṇyapekṡya pramāṇāni sidhyanti, nedānīṃ pramāṇānyapekṡya prameyāṇi 

sidhyanti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? na hi sādhyaṃ sādhanaṃ sādhayati | sādhanāni ca kila 

prameyāṇāṃ pramāṇāni || 

yadi ca prameyasiddhiranapekṡyaiva bhavati pramāṇāni | 

kiṃ te pramāṇasiddhyā tāni yadarthaṃ prasiddhaṃ tat ||45|| 

yadi ca manyase–anapekṡyaiva pramāṇāni prameyāṇāṃ prasiddhirbhavati | kimidānīṃ te 

pramāṇasiddhyā paryanviṡṭayā ? kiṃ kāraṇam ? yadarthaṃ hi tāni pramāṇāni paryanviṡyeran, 

te prameyā arthā vinā pramāṇai: siddhā: | tatra kiṃ pramāṇai: krtyam ? 

atha tu pramāṇasiddhirbhavatyapekṡyaiva te prameyāṇi | 

vyatyaya evaṃ sati te dhruvaṃ pramāṇaprameyāṇām ||46|| 

athāpi manyase–apekṡyaiva prameyānarthān pramāṇāni bhavanti, evaṃ hi 

sati mā bhūt pūrvoktadoṡa iti krtvā, evaṃ te sati vyatyaya: pramāṇaprameyāṇāṃ bhavati |

pramāṇāni te prameyāṇi bhavanti, prameyai: sādhitatvāt, pramāṇāni ca prameyāṇi bhavanti, 

pramāṇānāṃ sādhakatvāt || 

atha te pramāṇasiddhyā prameyasiddhi: prameyasiddhyā ca | 

bhavati pramāṇasiddhirnāstyubhayasyāpi te siddhi: ||47|| 

atha manyase–pramāṇasiddhyā prameyasiddhirbhavati pramāṇāpekṡatvāt, prameyasiddhyā ca 

pramāṇasiddhirbhavati prameyāpekṡatvāditi, evaṃ satyubhayasyāpi siddhirna || 

kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

sidhyanti hi pramāṇairyadi prameyāṇi tāni taireva | 

sādhyāni ca prameyaistāni kathaṃ sādhayiṡyanti ||48|| 

yadi hi pramāṇai: prameyāṇi sidhyanti, tāni pramāṇāni taireva prameyai: sādhayita- 

vyāni | nanu asiddheṡu prameyeṡu kāraṇasyāsiddhatvādasiddhāni kathaṃ sādhayiṡyanti 

prameyāṇīti ? 

@323

sidhyanti ca prameyairyadi pramāṇāni tāni taireva | 

sādhyāni ca prameyaistāni kathaṃ sādhayiṡyanti ||49|| 

yadi ca prameyai: pramāṇāni sidhyanti, tāni ca prameyāṇi taireva pramāṇai: sādhayita- 

vyānīti, nanu asiddheṡu pramāṇeṡu kāraṇasyāsiddhatvādasiddhāni kathaṃ sādhayiṡyanti 

pramāṇāni ? 

pitrā yadyutpādya: putro yadi tena caiva putreṇa | 

utpādya: sa yadi pitā vada tatrotpādayati ka: kam ||50|| 

yad yathāpi nāma kaścit brūyāt–pitā putra utpādanīya:, sa ca pitā 

putreṇotpādanīya iti, tatredānīṃ brūhi kena ka utpādayitavya: ? tathaiva khalu bhavān 

bravīti–pramāṇai: prameyāṇi sādhayitavyāni, tānyeva ca puna: pramāṇāni tai: prameyai: | 

tatredānīṃ te katamai: katamāni sādhayitavyāni ? 

kaśca pitā ka: putrastatra tvaṃ brūhi tāvubhāvapi ca | 

pitāputralakṡaṇadharau yato na: putrasaṃdeha: ||51|| 

tayośca pūrvopadiṡṭayo: pitāputrayo: vada katara: putra:, katara: pitā ? ubhāvapi 

tāvutpādakatvāt pitrlakṡaṇadharau, utpādyatvācca putralakṡaṇadharau | atra na: saṃdeho bhavati—

katarastatra pitā, katarastatra putra iti | evameva yānyetāni bhavata: pramāṇaprameyāṇi, 

teṡu tatra katarāṇi pramāṇāni, katarāṇi prameyāṇi ? ubhayānyapi hyetāni sādhanatvāt 

pramāṇāni tāni prameyāṇi, sādhyatvāt prameyāṇīti | atra na: saṃdeho bhavati-katarāṇyatra 

pramāṇāni, katarāṇi prameyāṇīti ? 

naivā svata: prasiddhirna paramparata: pramāṇairvā | 

bhavati na ca prameyairna cāpyakasmāt pramāṇānām ||52|| 

na svata:prasiddhi: pratyakṡasya tenaiva pratyakṡeṇa | anumānasya tenaivānumānena | 

upamānasya tenaivopamānena | āgamasya tenaivāgamena | nāpi parasparata: | pratyakṡasyānumāno- 

pamānāgamai:, anumānasya pratyakṡopamānāgamai:, upamānasya pratyakṡānumānāgamai:, āgamasya 

pratyakṡānumānopamānai:, nāpi pratyakṡānumānopamānāgamādanyai: pratyakṡānumānopamānāga- 

mairyathāsvam, nāpi prameyai: samastavyastai: svaviṡayaparaviṡayatāgrhītai:, nāpyakasmāt, nāsti 

samuccayena | eteṡāṃ kāraṇānāṃ pūrvoddiṡṭānāṃ viṃśattriṃśaccatvāriṃśat ṡaḍ viṃśatirvā || 
tatra yaduktam—pramāṇādhigamyatvāt prameyāṇāṃ bhāvānāṃ santi tu prameyā bhāvā:, 

tāni ca pramāṇāni yaistu pramāṇai: prameyā bhāvā: santaśca bhāvā: samadhigatā iti, tanna || 

yat punarbhavatoktam—

kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmāvasthāvidaśca manyante | 

kuśalaṃ janasvabhāvaṃ śeṡeṡvapyeṡa viniyoga: || iti, 

@324

atra brūma:-

kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmāvasthāvidī bruvate yat | 

kuśalasvabhāvamevaṃ pravibhāgenābhidheya: syāt ||53|| 

kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmāvasthāvida: kuśalaṃ janasvabhāvaṃ manyante | sa ca bhavatāṃ 

pravibhāgenopadeṡṭavya: syāt—ayaṃ sa kuśala: svabhāva:, ime te kuśalā dharmā iti: | 

idaṃ tat kuśalaṃ vijñānam, ayaṃ kuśalavijñānasvabhāva:, evaṃ sarveṡām | na caitadevaṃ 

drṡṭam | tasmād yaduktam – upadiṡṭa: svabhāvo dharmāṇāmiti, tanna || 

kiṃ cānyat—

yadi ca pratītya kuśala: svabhāva utpadyate sa kuśalānām | 

dharmāṇāṃ parabhāva: svabhāva evaṃ kathaṃ bhavati ||54|| 

yadi ca kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ svabhāvo hetupratyayasāmagrīṃ pratītyotpadyate, sa 

parabhāvādutpanna: kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ kathaṃ svabhāvo bhavati ? evamevākuśalaprabhrtīnām || 

tatra yaduktam—kuśalāvyākrtānāṃ na kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ kuśala: savabhāva upa- 

diṡṭa:, evamakuśalānāmakuśalādiriti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat—

atha na pratītya kiṃcit svabhāva utpadyate sa kuśalānām | 

dharmāṇāmevaṃ syād vāso na brahmacaryasya ||55|| 

atha manyase—na kiṃcit pratītya kuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ kuśalasvabhāva utpadyate, 

evamakuśalānāṃ dharmāṇāmakuśala:, avyākrtānāmavyākrta iti, evaṃ sati brahmacaryavāso 

[na] bhavati | kiṃ kāraṇam ? pratītyasamutpādasya hi evaṃ sati pratyākhyānaṃ bhavati | 

pratītyasamutpādasya pratyākhyānāt pratītyasamutpādadarśanaṃ pratyākhyātaṃ bhavati | na hyavidya- 

mānasya pratītyasamutpādasya darśanamupapadyamānaṃ bhavati | asati pratītyasamutpādadarśane 

dharmadarśanaṃ na bhavati | uktaṃ hi bhagavatā-“yo hi bhikṡava: pratītyasamutpāda paśyati, sa 

sa dharmaṃ paśyati” | dharmadarśanābhāvāt brahmacaryavāsābhāva: | atha vā | pratītyasamutpāda- 

pratyākhyānāt du:khasamudayapratyākhyānaṃ bhavati | pratītyasamutpādo hi du:khasya samudaya: | 

du:khasamudayasya pratyākhyānāt du:khapratyākhyānaṃ bhavati | asati hi samudaye tat kuto 

du:khaṃ samudeṡyati ? du:khasamudayapratyākhyānācca du:khanirodhasya pratyākhyānam | asati 

hi du:khasamudaye kasya prahāṇāt nirodho bhaviṡyati ? asati hi du:khanirodhe kasya 

prāptaye mārgo bhaviṡyati du:khanirodhagāmī ? evaṃ caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvācchrā- 

maṇyaphalābhāva: | satyadarśanādiśrāmaṇyaphalāni [ na ] adhigamyante | śrāmaṇyaphalānāma- 

bhāvādabrahmacaryavāsa iti || 

@325

kiṃ cānyat—

nādharmo dharmo vā saṃvyavahārāśca laukikā na syu: | 

nityāśca sarvabhāvā: syurnityatvādahetumata: ||56|| 

evaṃ sati pratītyasamutpādaṃ pratyācakṡāṇasya bhavata: ko doṡa: prasajyate ? dharmo na 

bhavati, adharmo na bhavati | saṃvyavahārāśca laukikā na saṃbhavanti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

pratītyasamutpannaṃ hyetat sarvam, asati pratītyasamutpāde kuto bhaviṡyati ? api ca | sa 

svabhāvo’pratītyasamutpanno nirhetuko nitya: syāt | kiṃ kāraṇam ? nirhetukā hi bhāvā 

nityā: | tatra sa eva ca abrahmacaryavāsa: prasajyeta svasiddhāntavirodha: | kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

anityā hi bhagavatā sarve saṃskārā nirdiṡṭā: | te svabhāvanityatvāt nityā hi bhavanti || 

eṡa cākuśaleṡvavyākrteṡu nairyāṇādiṡu ca doṡa: | 

tasmāt sarvaṃ saṃskrtamasaṃskrtaṃ te bhavatyevam ||57||

yaścaiṡa kuśaleṡu nirdiṡṭa: kalpa:, sa evākuśaleṡu, sa evāvyākrteṡu, sa eva 

nairyāṇikaprabhrtiṡu doṡa: | tasmāt te sarvamidaṃ saṃskrtamasaṃskrtaṃ saṃpadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? 

hetau hyasati utpādasthitibhaṅgā na bhavanti | utpādasthitibhaṅgeṡvasatsu saṃskrta- 

lakṡaṇābhāvāt sarvaṃ saṃskrtamasaṃskrtaṃ saṃpadyate || 

tatra yaduktam—kuśalādīnāṃ bhāvānāṃ svabhāvasadbhāvādaśūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, 

tanna | yatpunarbhavatoktam—

yadi ca na bhavet svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ na svabhāva ityevam | 

nāmapi bhavedevaṃ nāma hi nirvastukaṃ nāsti || iti, 

atrocyate—

ya: sadbhūtaṃ nāma brūyāt sa svabhāva ityevam | 

bhavatā prativaktavyo nāma brūmaśca na vayaṃ sat ||58|| 

yon āma sadbhūtaṃ nāma brūyāt sa svabhāva iti, sa bhavatā prativaktavya: syāt- 

yasya sadbhūtanāmasvabhāvasya tasmāt tenāpi svabhāvena sadbhūtena bhavitavyam | na 

hyasadbhūtasya svabhāvasya sadbhūtaṃ na nāma bhavatīti | na punarvayaṃ nāma sadbhūtaṃ brūma: | 

tadapi hi svabhāvasyābhāvānnāma ni:svabhāvatvāt śūnyam, śūnyatvādasadbhūtam || 

tatra yad bhavatoktam—nāmasadbhāvāt sadbhūta: svabhāva iti, tanna | kiṃ cānyat—

nāmāsaditi ca yadidaṃ tatkiṃ nu sato bhavatyutāsata: | 

yadi hi sato yadyasato dvidhāpi te hīyate vāda: ||59|| 

yaccaitannāmāsaditi, tatkiṃ [nāma] sata: asata: ? yadi hi satastannāma, 

yadyasata:, ubhayathāpi pratijñā hīyate | tatra yadi tāvat sat asaditi nāstīti pratijñā 

@326

hīyate | na hīdānīṃ tadasadidānīṃ sat | athāsat asaditi nāma yā pratijñā asadbhūtasya 

nāma na bhavati astitvabhāva iti, tasmāt sadbhūta: svabhāva iti, sā hīnā || 

kiṃ cānyat—

sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ śūnyatvaṃ copapāditaṃ pūrvam | 

sa upālambhastasmād bhavatyayaṃ ca pratijñāyā: || 60 || 

iha ca asmābhi: pūrvameva sarveṡāṃ bhāvānāṃ vistarata: śūnyatvamupapāditam | tatra 

prāg nāmno’pi śūnyatvamuktam | saṃbhavam aśūnyatvaṃ parigrhya parivrtto vaktum–yadi 

bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, asvabhāva iti nāmāpi idaṃ na syāditi | tasmāt pratijñopa- 

lambho’yaṃ bhavata: saṃpadyate | na hi vayaṃ nāma sadbhūtamiti brūma: || 

yatpunarbhavatoktam—

atha vidyate svabhāva: sa ca dharmāṇāṃ na vidyate tasmāt | 
dharmairvinā svabhāva: sa yasya tadyuktamupadeṡṭum || iti, 

atrocyate—

atha vidyate svabhāva: sa ca dharmāṇāṃ na vidyata iti | 

idamāśaṅkitaṃ yaduktaṃ bhavatyanāśaṅkitaṃ tacca ||61|| 

na hi vayaṃ dharmāṇāṃ svabhāvaṃ pratiṡedhayāma:, dharmavinirmuktasya vā kasyacidarthasya 

svabhāvamabhyupagacchāma: | nanvevaṃ sati ya upālambho bhavata:-yadi dharmā ni:svabhāvā:, 

kasya khalvidānīmanyasyārthasya dharmavinirmuktasya  svabhāvo bhavati ? sayuktamevopadiṡṭamiti 

dūrāpakrṡṭamevaitadbhavati || 

yat punarbhavatoktam—

sata eva pratiṡedho nāsti ghaṭo geha ityayaṃ yasmāt | 

drṡṭa: pratiṡedho’yaṃ sata: svabhāvasya te tasmāt || iti, 

atra brūma:- 

sata eva pratiṡedho yadi śūnyatvaṃ nanvapratiṡiddhamidam | 

pratiṡedhayate hi bhavān bhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvatvam ||62|| 

yadi sata eva pratiṡedho bhavati nāsata:, sarvabhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvatvaṃ pratiṡedhayati 

[bhavān] | nanu pratiṡiddhaṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ ni:svabhāvatvaṃ tvadvacanena | pratiṡedhayasi tvaṃ 

sadbhāvān | ni:svabhāvatvasya ca sarvabhāvānāṃ pratiṡiddhatvāt pratiṡiddhā śūnyateti || 

pratiṡedhayase’tha tvaṃ śūnyatvaṃ tacca nāsti śūnyatvam | 

pratiṡedha: sata iti te nanvevaṃ hīyate vāda: ||63|| 

atha śūnyatvaṃ pratiṡedhayasi tvaṃ sarvabhāvānām, ni:svabhāvatvaṃ śūnyatvam, nāsti 

tacca śūnyatvam | yā tarhi te pratijñā sata: pratiṡedho bhavati nāsata iti, sā hīnā || 

@327

kiṃ cānyat—

pratiṡedhayāmi nāhaṃ kiṃcit pratiṡedhyamasti na ca kiṃcit | 

tasmāt pratiṡedhayasītyadhilaya eva tvayā kriyate ||64|| 

evamapi tu krtvā yadyahaṃ kiṃcit pratiṡedhayāmi, tato yuktameva vaktuṃ syāt | na 

caivāhaṃ kiṃcit pratiṡedhayāmi | tasmānna kiṃcid pratiṡeddhavyamasti | tasmāt śūnyeṡu 

sarvabhāveṡu avidyamāne pratiṡedhye pratiṡedhayasītyeṡa tvayātra sadbhūto’dhilaya: 

kriyata iti || 

yat punarbhavatoktam—

atha nāsti sa svabhāva kiṃ nu pratiṡidhyate tvayānena | 

vacanenarte vacanāt pratiṡedha: sidhyate hyasata: || iti, 

atra brūma:-

taccāhaṃ te vacanādasata: pratiṡedhavacanasiddhiriti | 

atra jñāpayate vāgasaditi tanna pratinihanti ||65|| 

yacca bhavān bravīti—sato’pi vacanādasata: pratiṡedha: pratiṡiddha:, tatra kiṃ 

ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā iti, etadvacanaṃ karotīti ? atra brūma:-ni:svabhāvā: sarvabhāvā 

iti etat khalu vacanaṃ na ni:svabhāvān sarvabhāvān karoti | kiṃ tvasatsvabhāvo 

bhāvānāmasatsvabhāvānāmiti jñāpayati | tatra kaścid brūyāt—avidyamānagrhe devadatta-

grhe devadatta iti, tatraivaṃ kaścit pratibrūyāt—[devadatto gehe] nāstīti, na tadvacanaṃ 
devadattasyābhāvaṃ karoti, na devadattasya saṃbhavaṃ karoti | kiṃ tu jñāpayati kevalamasadbhāvaṃ 

grhe devadattasyeti | tadvat nāsti svabhāvo bhāvānāmityetadvacanaṃ na svabhāvānāṃ ni:sva- 

bhāvatvaṃ karoti, bhāveṡu svabhāvasyābhāvaṃ jñāpayati || 

tatra yadbhavatoktam—kimasati svabhāve nāsti svabhāva ityetad vacanaṃ karoti, 

te’pi vacanāt prasiddhi: svabhāvasyābhāva iti, tat te na yuktam | 

yaduktam—

bālānāmiva mrgatrṡṇāyāṃ sa yathā jalagrāha: | 

evaṃ mithyāgrāha: syāt te prasidhyate hyasata: || 

yat punarbhavato mrgatrṡṇāyāmityatra brūma:- 

mrgatrṡṇādrṡṭānte ya: punaruktaṃ tvayā mahāṃścarca: | 

tatrāpi nirṇayaṃ śrṇu yathā sa drṡṭānta upapanna: ||66|| 

ya eva tvayā mrgatrṡṇādrṡṭānte mahāṃścarca ukta:, tatrāpi yo nirṇaya:, sa śrūyatām | 

upapanna eva drṡṭānto bhavati || 

@328

sa yadi svabhāvata: syāt bhāvo na syāt pratītyasamudbhuta: | 

yaśca pratītya bhavati grāho nanu śūnyatā saiva ||67|| 

yadi ca mrgatrṡṇāyāṃ sa yathā jalagrāha: svabhāvata: syāt, na syāt pratītya- 

samutpanna: | yato mrgatrṡṇāṃ ca pratītya viparītaṃ ca darśanaṃ pratītya [a]yoniśomana- 

skāraṃ ca pratītya syādudbhūta: | ata: pratītyasamutpanna: | yataśca pratītyasamutpanna, ata: 
svabhāvata: śūnya eva | yathā pūrvamuktaṃ tathā || 

kiṃ cānyat—

yadi ca svabhāvata: syād grāha: kastaṃ nivartayed grāhyam | 

śeṡeṡvapyeṡa vidhistasmād doṡo’nupālambha: ||68|| 

yadi ca mrgatrṡṇāyāṃ jalagrāha: svabhāvata: syāt, ka eva taṃ vinivartayet ? 

na hi svabhāva: śakyo nivartayitum | tadyathā agneruṡṇatvam, apāṃ dravatvam, ākāśasya 

nirāvaraṇatvam | drṡṭaṃ cāsya vinivartanam | tasmācchūnyasvabhāva: grāhya: | yadā caitadevam, 

śeṡeṡvapi dharmeṡvevaṃ krama: pratyavagantavyo grāhyapravrttiṡu || 

tatra yad bhavatoktam—ṡaḍlakṡaṇabhāvādaśūnyā: sarvabhāvā iti, tanna | yatpunarbhava- 

toktam—

hetośca tena siddhirnai:svābhāvyāt kuto hi te hetu: | 

nirhetukasya siddhirna copapannāsya te’rthasya || iti, 

atra brūma:- 

etena hetvabhāva: pratyukta: pūrvameva sa samatvāt | 

mrgatrṡṇādrṡṭāntavyāvrttividho ya ukta: prāk || 69 || 

yatpunarbhavatoktam—

pūrvaṃ cet pratiṡedha: paścāt pratiṡedhyamityanupapannam | 

paścāccānupapanno yugapacca yata: svabhāvo’san || iti, 

atra brūma:-

yastraikālye hetu: pratyukta: pūrvameva sa samatvāt | 

traikālyapratihetuśca śūnyatāvādināṃ prāpta: ||70|| 

e eṡa hetu: traikālye pratiṡedhavācī sa tu uktottara: pratyavamata: | kasmāt ? 

sādhyasamatbāt | yathā hi pratiṡedhastraikālye nopapanna:, sa pratiṡedhastraikālye nopapanna:, 

sa pratiṡedhapratiṡedhe’pi | tasmāt pratiṡedhapratiṡedhye’sati [yad] bhavān manyate–pratiṡedha: 

prati(ṡiddha) iti, tanna | yataścaiṡa trikālapratiṡedhavācī hetu:, eṡa eva śūnyatāvādināṃ 

prāpta: sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṡedhakatvānna bhavata: || 

@329

atha vā kathametaduktottaram—

pratiṡedhayāmi nāhaṃ kiṃcit pratiṡedhyamasti na ca kiṃcit | 

tasmāt pratiṡedhayasītyadhilaya eṡa tvayā kriyate || iti, 

pratiṡedha: siddha: [atha manyase—triṡvapi kāleṡu drṡṭa: pūrvakālīno’pi hetu:, 

uttarakālīno’pi | yugapatkālīno’pi hetu: | kathaṃ pūrvakālīna: ? yathā pitā putrasya 

tvadvacanena paścātkālīna: | yathā śiṡya ācāryasyāyugapatkālīna:, yathā pradīpa: 

prakāśasyeti] || 

atra brūma:-na caitadevaṃ | yuktā hyetasmin traya pūrvadoṡā: | api ca puna: yadyevaṃ 

krama:, pratiṡedhasadbhāvatve yo’bhyupagamyate, pratijñāhāniśca te bhavati | etena krameṇa 

svabhāvapratiṡedho’pi siddha: || 

prabhavati ca śūnyateyaṃ yasya prabhavanti tasya sarvārthā: | 

prabhavati na tasya kiṃ na bhavati śūnyatā yasyeti ||71|| 

yasya śūnyateyaṃ prabhavati, tasya sarvārthā: laukikalokottarā prabhavanti | kiṃ 

kāraṇam ? yasya hi śūnyatā prabhavati, tasya pratītyasamutpāda: prabhavati | yasya pratītya- 

samutpāda: prabhavati, tasya catvāryāryasatyāni prabhavanti | yasya catvāryāryasatyāni, [tasya] 

śrāmaṇyaphalāni bhavanti | sarvaviśeṡādhigamā: prabhavanti | yasya sarvaviśeṡādhigamā: 

prabhavanti, tasya trīṇi ratnāni buddhadharmasaṃghā: prabhavanti | yasya pratītyasamutpāda: 

prabhavati, tasya dharmo dharmaheturdharmaphalaṃ ca prabhavati | tasyādharmo’dharmaheturadharmaphalaṃ ca 

prabhavati | tasya kleśa: kleśasamudaya: kleśavastuno (vastūni ?) ca prabhavanti | yasyaitat 

sarvaṃ bhavati pūrvoktam, tasya sugatidurgativyavasthāsu gatidurgatigamanam | sugatidurgatigāmī 

mārga: | sugatidurgatigamanavyatikramaṇam, sugatidurgativyatikramopāya:, sarvasaṃvyavahārāśca 

laukikā: svayamadhigantavyā: | anayā diśā kiṃcit śakyaṃ vacanamupadeṡṭumiti | bhavati 

cātra—

ya: śūnyatāṃ pratītyasamutpādaṃ madhyamāṃ pratipadamanekārthām | 

nijagāda praṇamāmi tamapratimasaṃbuddham || 72 || iti || 

krtiriyamācāryanāgārjunapādānām || 

@330

ṡaṡṭhaṃ pariśiṡṭam | 

ārya-nāgārjunaviracitā 

ratnāvalī |

[##This Appendix contains the available portion of the text of##

ratnāvalī ##or## ratnamālā ##which seems to me a genuine work of## nāgārjuna.

##The work is attributed to## nāgārjuna ##by## candrakīrti, ##who, in his commen- 

tary on MS. cites as many as 23 stanzas from the available portion of 

this work. One stanza from this text is identical with Mś. 3. 7. This 

available portion was edited by Dr. G. Tucci and published by him in 

JRAS, London, 1934, 1936. He promised to restore into Sanskrit the 

missing portion from its Tibetan translation, but so far I have not seen it. 

In Tohoku Catalogue No. 4158 the work is called## rājaparikathā-ratnamālā. 

##It has also a Commentary by Ajitamitra (T 4’ 59). 

The## ratnāvalī ##or## ratnamālā ##is a work belonging to the class of lekhas 

like## suhrllekha ##attributed to## nāgārjuna ##or## śiṡyalekha ##of Candragomin. 

##The work is addressed to a king, who, according to Commentator, is## 

sātavāhana. ##On the other hand, it is said that :## suhrllekha ##is addressed 

to king## kaniṡka. ##Jayaswal thinks him to be## gautamīputra yajñaśrī ##who 

reigned between 166-199 A. D. We find several references, e. g., in 

1.2, to a king to whom the work is addressed. The fourth chapter is 

called## rājavrttopadeśa.] 

|| namo ratnatrayāya || 

1 

sarvadoṡavinirmuktaṃ guṇai: sarvairalaṃkrtam | 

praṇamya sarvajñamahaṃ sarvasattvaikabāndhavam ||1|| 

dharmamekāntakalyāṇaṃ rāja [n dha] rmodayāya te | 

vakṡyāmi dharma: siddhiṃ hi yāti saddharmabhājane ||2|| 

prāgdharmābhyudayo yatra paścānnai:śreyasodaya: | 

saṃprāpyābhyudayaṃ yasmādeti nai:śreyasaṃ kramāt ||3|| 

sukhamabhyudaya [statra mokṡo] nai:śreyaso mata: | 

asya sādhanasaṃkṡepa: śraddhāprajñe samāsata: ||4|| 

@331

śrāddhatvādbhajate dharmaṃ prājñatvādvetti tattvata: | 

prajñā pradhānaṃ tvanayo: śraddhā pūrvaṃgamāsya tu ||5|| 

chandād dveṡādbhayānmohādyo dharmaṃ nātivartate | 

sa śrāddha iti vijñeya: śreyaso bhājanaṃ param ||6||

kāyavāṅmānasaṃ karma sarvaṃ samyakparīkṡya ya: | 

parātmahitamājñāya sadā kuryātsa paṇḍita: ||7|| 

ahiṃsā cauryavirati: parade#ravivarjanam | 

mithyāpaiśunyapāruṡyābaddhavādeṡu saṃyama: ||8|| 

lobhavyāpādanāstikyadrṡṭīnāṃ parivarjanam | 

ete karmapathā: śuklā daśa krṡṇā viparyayāt ||9|| 

amadyapānaṃ svājīvo’vihiṃsā dānamādarāt | 

pūjyapūjā ca maitrī ca dharmaścaiṡa samāsata: ||10|| 

śarīratāpanāddharma: kevalā (nnāsti tena hi) | 

na paradrohaviratirna pareṡāmanugraha: ||11|| 

dānaśīlakṡamāspaṡṭaṃ ya: saddharmamahāpatham | 

anādrtya vrajet kāyakleśago daṇḍakotpathai: ||12|| 

sa saṃsārāṭavīṃ ghorāmanantajanapādapām | 

kleśavyālāvalīḍhāṅga: sudīrghaṃ pratipadyate ||13|| 

hiṃsayā jāyate’lpāyu: bahvābādho vihiṃsayā | 

cauryeṇa bhogavyasanī saśa ( tra: ) pāradārika: ||14|| 

pratyākhyānaṃ mrṡāvādāt paiśunyānmitrabhedanam | 

apriyaśravaṇaṃ raukṡyādabāddhā (dapārthā ?) ddurbhagaṃ vaca: ||15|| 

manorathān hantyabhidhyā vyāpādo bhayada: smrta: | 

mithyādrṡṭi: kudrṡṭitvaṃ madyapānaṃ matibhrama: ||16|| 

apradānena dāridryaṃ mithyājīvena vañcanā | 

stambhena duṡkulonatvamalpaujaskatvamīrṡyayā ||17|| 

krodhāddurvarṇatā maurkhyamapraśnena vipaścitām | 

phalametanmanuṡyatve sarvebhya: prāk ca durgati: ||18|| 

@332

eṡāmakuśalākhyānāṃ vipāko ya: prakīrtita: | 

kuśalānāṃ ca sarveṡāṃ viparīta: phalodaya:||19|| 

lobho dveṡaśca mohaśca tajjaṃ karmeti cāśubham | 

alobhāmohādveṡāśca tajjaṃ karmetaracchubham ||20|| 

aśubhātsarvadu:khāni sarvadurgatayastathā | 

śubhātsugataya: sarvā: sarvajanmasukhāni ca ||21|| 

nivrttiraśubhātkrtsnātpravrttistu śubhe sadā | 

manasā karmaṇā vācā dharmo’yaṃ dvividha: smrta: ||22|| 

narakapretatiryagbhyo dharmādasmādvimucyate | 

nrṡu deveṡu cāpnoti sukhaśrīrājyavistarān ||23|| 

dhyānāpramāṇārūpyaistu brahmādyasukhamaśnute | 

ityabhyudayadharmo’yaṃ phalaṃ cāsya samāsata: ||24|| 

nai:śreyasa: punardharma: sūkṡmo gambhīradarśana: | 

bālānāṃ [ aśrotravatām ] uktastrāsakaro jinai: ||25|| 

{1. ##This stanza is cited in## tattvasaṃgrahapañjikā ##p. 866 and## bodhi. pañjikā ##p. 215.##}nāsmyahaṃ na bhaviṡyāmi na me’sti na bhaviṡyati | 
 
iti bālasya saṃtrāsa: paṇḍitasya bhayakṡaya: ||26|| 

ahaṃkāraprasūteyaṃ mamakāropasaṃhitā | 

prajā prajāhitaikāntavādinābhihitākhilā ||27|| 

astyahaṃ mama cāstīti mithyaitatparamārthibhi: | 

yathābhūtaparijñānānna bhavatyubhayaṃ yata: ||28|| 
{2. ##Cited in## prasannapadā ##p. 166 and 224.##} ahaṃkārodbhavā: skandhā: so’haṃkāro’nrto’rthata: | 
bījaṃ yasyānrtaṃ tasya praroha: satyata: kuta: ||29|| 

skandhānasatyān drṡṭvaivamahaṃkāra: prahīyate | 
ahaṃkāraprahāṇācca na puna: skandhasaṃbhava: ||30|| 

{3. ##Stanzes 31-35 cited in## pra. pa ##p. 165##} yathādarśamupādāya (svamukhapratibimbakam | 

drśya)ten āma taccaivaṃ na kiṃcidapi tattvata: ||31|| 

@333

ahaṃkārastathā skandhānupādāyopalabhyate | 

na ca kaścitsa tattvena svamukhapratibimbavat ||32|| 

yathādarśamanādāya svamukhapratibimbakam | 

na drśyate tathā skandhānanādāhamityapi ||33|| 

evaṃvidhārthaśravaṇāddharmacakṡuravāptavān | 

āryānanda: svayaṃ caiva bhikṡubhyo’bhīkṡṇamuktavān ||34|| 

skandhagrāho yāvadasti tāvadevāhamityapi | 

ahaṃkāre sati puna: karma janma tata: puna: ||35|| 

trivartmaitadanādyantamadhyaṃ saṃsāramaṇḍalam | 

alātamaṇḍalaprakhyaṃ bhramatyanyonyahetukam ||36|| 

svaparobhayatastasya traikālyato’pyaprāptita: | 

ahaṃkāra: kṡayaṃ yāti tata: karma ca janma ca ||37|| 

evaṃ hetuphalotpādaṃ paśyaṃstatkṡayameva ca | 

nāstitāmastitāṃ caiva naiti lokasya tattvata: ||38|| 

sarvadu:khakṡayaṃ dharma śrutvaivamaparīkṡaka: | 

saṃkampatyaparijñānādabhayasthānakātara: ||39||

na bhaviṡyati nirvāṇe sarvametanna te bhayam | 

ucyamāna ihābhāvastasya te kiṃ bhayaṃkara: ||40|| 

mokṡe nātmā na ca skandhā mokṡaścedīdrśa: priya: | 

ātmaskandhāpanayanaṃ kimihaiva tavāpriyam ||41|| 

{1. ##Cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 257.##} na cābhāvo’pi nirvāṇaṃ kuta eva tasya [vāsya] bhāvanā | 

bhāvābhāvaparāmarśakṡayo nirvāṇamucyate ||42|| 

samāsānnāstitādrṡṭi: phalaṃ nāstīti karmaṇa: | 

apuṇyāpāyikī caiṡā mithyādrṡṭiriti smrtā ||43|| 

samāsādastitādrṡṭi: phalaṃ cāstīti karmaṇām | 

puṇyā sugatiniṡyandā samyagdrṡṭiriti smrtā ||44|| 

@334

jñāne nāstyastitāśānte: pāpapuṇyavyatikrama: | 

durgate: sugateścāsmāt sa mokṡa: sadbhirucyate ||45|| 

sahetumudayaṃ paśyan nāstitāmativartata | 
astitāmapi nopaiti nirodhaṃ saha hetunā ||46|| 

prāgjāta: sahajātaśca heturahetuko’rthata: | 

prajñapterapratītatvādutpatteścaiva tattvata: ||47|| 

{1. ##Cited in## pra. pra. ##p. 4.##} asmin satīdaṃ bhavati darghe hrasvaṃ yathā sati | 

[tasyotpādādudetīdaṃ dīpotpādādyathā] prabhā ||48|| 

hrasve’sati punardīrghaṃ na bhavati svabhāvata: | 

pradīpasyāpyanutpādātprabhāyā apyasaṃbhava: ||49|| 

evaṃ hetuphalotpādaṃ drṡṭvā nopeti nāstikyam (nāstitām) | 

abhyupetyāsya lokasya yāthābhūtya prapañcajam ||50|| 

nirodhaṃ ca prapañcotthaṃ yāthābhūtyādupāgata: | 

nopayātyastitāṃ tasmānmucyate’dvayaniścita: ||51|| 

{2. ##Stanzas 52-53 cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 166.##} dūrādālokitaṃ rūpamāsannairdrśyate sphuṭam | 

marīciryadi vāri syādāsannai: kiṃ na drśyate ||52|| 

dūrībhūtairyathābhūto loko’yaṃ drśyate tathā | 

na drśyate tadāsannairanimitto marīcivat ||53|| 

[marīcistoyasadrśī yathā nāmbu na ] cārthata: | 

skandhāstathātmasadrśā nātmāno nāpi te’rtha: ||54|| 

{3. ##Stanzas 55-56 cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 88.##} marīci toyamityetaditi matvāgato’tra san | 

yadi nāstīti tattoya [grhṇīyānmūḍha eva sa:] ||55|| 

marīcipratimaṃ lokamevamastīti grhṇata: | 

nāstīti cāpi moho’yaṃ sati mohe na mucyate ||56|| 

nāstiko durgatiṃ yāti sugatiṃ yāti cāstika: | 

yathābhūtaparijñānānmokṡamadvayaniśrita: ||57|| 

@335

anicchan nāstitāstitve yathābhūtaparijñayā | 
nāstitatāṃ labhate mohāt kasmānna labhate’stitām ||58|| 

syādastidūṡaṇādasya nāstitākṡipyate’rthata: | 

nāstitādūṡaṇādeva kasmānnākṡipyate’stitā ||59|| 

na pratijñā na caritaṃ na cittaṃ bodhiniśrayāt | 

nāsti katve’rthato yeṡāṃ kathaṃ ten āstikā: smrtā: ||60|| 

{1. ##Stanzas 61-62 cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 135.##} sasāṃkhyaulūkyanirgranthapudgalaskandhavādinam | 

prccha lokaṃ yadi vadatyastināstivyatikramam ||61|| 

dharmāyautakamityasmānnāstyastitvavyatikramam | 

viddhi gambhīramityuktaṃ buddhānāṃ śāsanāmrtam ||62|| 

vibhavaṃ nati nāyāti na tiṡṭhatyapi ca kṡaṇam | 

traikālyavyativrttātmā loka eva kuto’rthata: ||63|| 

dvayorapyāgatigatī prasthitiśca na tattvata: | 

lokaniryāṇayostasmādviśeṡa: ka ivārthata: ||64|| 

sthiterabhāvādudayo nirodhaśca na tattvata: | 

uditaśca sthitaśceti niruddhaśca kuto’rthata: ||65|| 

kathamakṡaṇiko bhāva: pariṇāma: sadā yadi | 

nāsti cetpariṇāma: syādanyathātvaṃ kuto’rthata: ||66|| 

ekadeśe kṡayādvā syāt kṡaṇikaṃ sarvaśo’pi vā | 

vaiṡamyānupalabdheśca dvidhāpyetadayuktimat ||67|| 

{2. ##stanzas 68-70 cited in## pra. pa. ##268-269.##} kṡaṇike sarvathā bhāve kuta: kācitpurāṇatā | 

sthairyādakṡaṇike cāpi kuta: kācitpurāṇatā ||68|| 

yathānto’sti kṡaṇasyaivamādirmadhyaṃ ca kalpyatām | 

tryātmakatvāt kṡaṇasyaivaṃ na lokasya kṡaṇaṃ sthiti: ||69|| 

ādimadhyāvasānāni [ cintyāni kṡaṇavatpuna: | 

ādimadhyā] vasānatvaṃ na svata: parato’pi vā ||70|| 

@336

naiko’nekapradeśatvānnāpradeśaścakaścana | 

vinaikamapi nāneko nāstitvamapi cāstitām ||71|| 

vināśāt pratipakṡādvā syādastitvasya nāstitā | 

vināśa pratipakṡo vā kathaṃ syādastyasaṃbhavāt ||72|| 

nirvrtestena lokasya nopaityūnatvamarthata: | 

antavāniti lokaśca prṡṭastūṡṇīṃ jino’bhavat ||73|| 

sarvajña iti sarvajño budhaistenaiva gamyate | 

yenaitaddharmagāmbhīryaṃ novācābhājane loke ||74|| 

iti nai:śreyaso dharmo gambhīro niṡparigraha: | 

anālaya iti prokta: saṃbuddhaistattvadarśibhi: ||75|| 

asmādanālayāddharmādālayābhiratā janā: | 

astināstyavyatikrāntā bhītā naśyantyamedhasa: ||76|| 

te naṡṭā nāśayantyanyānabhayasthānabhīrava: | 
tathā kuru yathā rājan naṡṭairna vipraṇāśyase ||77|| 

* * * * 

2 

kadalī pāṭitā yadvanni:śeṡāvayavai: saha | 

na kiṃcitpuruṡastadvatpāṭita: saha dhātubhi: ||1|| 

sarvadharmā anātmāna ityato bhāṡitaṃ jinai: | 

dhātuṡaṭkaṃ ca tai: sarvaṃ nirṇītaṃ tacca nārthata: ||2|| 

{1. ##Cited by## candrakīrti ##in## pra. pa. ##p. 172 with## yathābhūtena ##for## yathābhūtyena as variant.##} naivamātmā na cānātmā yāthābhūtyena labhyate | 

ātmānātmakrte drṡṭī vavārāsmānmahāmuni: ||3|| 

drṡṭaśrutādyaṃ muninā na satyaṃ na mrṡoditam | 

pakṡāddhi pratipakṡa: syādubhayaṃ tacca nārthata: ||4|| 

iti satyānrtātīto loko’yaṃ paramārthata: | 

asmādeva ca tattvena nopaityasti ca nāsti ca ||5|| 

@337

yaccaivaṃ sarvathā neti sarvajñastatkathaṃ vadet | 

sāntamityatha vānantaṃ dvayaṃ vādvayameva vā ||6|| 

asaṃkhyeyā gatā buddhāstathaiṡyantyatha sāṃpratā: | 

koṭyagraśaśca  sattvāntastebhyastraikālyajo mata: ||7|| 

vrddhiheturna lokasya kṡayastraikālyasaṃbhava: | 

sarvajñena kathaṃ tasya pūrvānto’vyākrta: krta: ||8|| 

etattu dharmagāmbhīryaṃ yattadguhyaṃ prthagjane | 

māyopamatvaṃ lokasya buddhānāṃ śāsanāmrtam ||9|| 

māyāgajasya drśyeta yathā janmānta eva ca | 

na ca kaścitsa tattvena janmāntaścaiva vidyate ||10|| 

māyopamasya lokasya tathā janmānta eva ca | 

drśyate paramārthena na ca janmānta eva ca ||11|| 

yathā māyāgajo naiti kutaścadyāti na kvacit | 

cittamohanamātratvādbhāvatvena na tiṡṭhati ||12|| 

tathā māyopamo loko naiti yāti na kutracit | 

cittamohanamātratvādbhāvatvena na tiṡṭhati ||13|| 

traikālyavyativrttātmā loka evaṃ nu ko’rthata: | 

yo’sti nāstyathāvapi syādanyatra vyavahārata: ||14|| 

catuṡprakāramityasmāt śānto’nanto dvayo’dvaya: | 

buddhena hetornānyasmādayamavyākrta: krta: ||15|| 

śarīrāśucitā tāvat sthūlāṃ pratyakṡagocarā | 

satataṃ drśyamānāpi yadā cittaṃ na tiṡṭhati ||16|| 

tadātisūkṡmo gambhīra: saddharmo’yamanālaya: | 

apratyakṡa: kathaṃ citte sukhenāvatariṡyati ||17|| 

saṃbudhyāsmānnivrtto’bhūddharmaṃ deśayituṃ muni: |  

durjñānamatigāmbhīryād jñātvā dharmamimaṃ janai: ||18|| 

@338

{1. ##stanzas 19 and 20 are cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 242 with## durduṡṭo ##for## durjñāto ##as variant.## } vināśayati durjñātī dharmo’yamavipaścitam | 

nāstitādrṡṭisamale yasmādasminnimajjati ||19|| 

aparo’pyasya durjñānānmūrkha: paṇḍitamānika: |

pratikṡepavinaṡṭātmā yātyavīcimadhomukha: ||20|| 

durbhuktena yathānnena vināśamadhigacchati | 

subhuktenāyurārogyaṃ balaṃ saukhyāni cāśnute ||21|| 

durjñātena tathānena vināśamadhigacchati | 

samyajñātenātra sukhaṃ bodhiṃ cāpnotyanuttarām ||22|| 
tasmādatra pratikṡepaṃ drṡṭiṃ tyaktvā ca nāstikīm | 

samyagjñānaparaṃ yatnaṃ kuru sarvārthasiddhaye ||23|| 

dharmasyāsyāparijñānādahaṃkāro’nuvartate | 

tata: śubhāśubhaṃ karma tato janma śubhāśubham ||24|| 

tasmādyāvadavijñāto dharmo’haṃkāraśātana: | 

dānaśīlakṡamādharme tāvadādaravān bhava ||25|| 

dharmapūrvāṇi kāryāṇi dharmamadhyāni pārthiva | 

sādhayan dharmaniṡṭhāni neha nāmutra sīdati ||26|| 

dharmātkīrti: sukhaṃ caiva neha bhīrna mumūrṡata: | 

paralokasukhaṃ sphītaṃ tasmāddharmaṃ sadā bhaja ||27|| 

dharma eva parā nītirdharmālloko’nurajyate | 

rañjitena hi lokena neha nāmutra vañcyate ||28|| 

adharmeṇa tu yā nītistayā loko’parajyate | 

lokāparañjanāccaiva neha nāmutra nandati ||29|| 

parātisaṃdhānaparā kaṡṭā durgatipaddhati: | 

anarthavidyā duṡprajñairarthavidyā kathaṃ krtā ||30|| 

parātisaṃdhānaparo nītimān kathamarthata: | 

yena janmasahasrāṇi bahūnyātmaiva vañcyate ||31|| 

@339

riporapriyamanvicchan doṡāṃstyaktvā guṇān śraya | 

svahitāvāptirevaṃ tu ripoścāpyapriyaṃ bhavet ||32|| 

dānena priyavadyena hitenaikārthacaryayā | 

ebhirācara lokasya dharmasyaiva ca saṃgraham ||33|| 

viśvāsaṃ janayatyekaṃ satyaṃ rājñāṃ yathā drḍham | 

tathaivābhūtamapyeṡāmaviśvāsakaraṃ param ||34|| 

nāvisaṃvādavatsatyaṃ [sattve] udgatamarthata: | 

paraikāntahitaṃ satyamahitatvānmrṡetarat ||35|| 

doṡān pracchādayatyekastyāgo rājñāṃ yathojjvala: | 

tathā kārpaṇyamapyeṡāṃ guṇasarvasvaghātakam ||36|| 

upaśāntasya gāmbhīryaṃ gāmbhīryādgauravaṃ param | 

gauravāddīptirājñā ca tasmādupaśamaṃ bhaja ||37|| 

ahāryabuddhi: prājñatvādaparapratyaya: sthira: | 

nātisaṃdhīyate rājā tasmātprajñāparo bhava ||38|| 

satyatyāgaśamaprajño caturbhadro narādhipa: | 

dharmaścaturbhadra iva stūyate devamānuṡai: ||39|| 

nigrhyavādibhi: śuddhai: prajñākāruṇyanirmalai: | 

sahāsīnasya satataṃ prajñā dharmaśca vardhate ||40|| 

durlabhā: pathyavaktāra: śrotārastvatidurlabhā: | 

tebhyo’tidurlabhatamā ye pathyasyāśukāriṇa: ||41|| 

pathyamapyapriyaṃ tasmājjñātvā śīghraṃ samācara | 

pibedauṡadhamapyugramārogyāyātmavāniva ||42|| 

jīvitārogyarājyānāṃ cintayānityatāṃ sadā | 

tata: saṃvegavān dharmamekāntena prayāsyase ||43|| 

avaśyaṃ maraṇaṃ paśyan pāpāddu:khaṃ mrtasya ca | 

aihikena sukhenāpi na pāpaṃ kṡātumarhasi ||44|| 

kasmisṃścedabhayaṃ drṡṭaṃ bhayaṃ drṡṭaṃ kvacitkṡaṇe | 

yadyekasmin samāśvāsa: kimekasminna te bhayam ||45|| 

@340

madyātparibhavo loke kāryahānirdhanakṡaya: | 

akāryakāraṇaṃ mohāt [madyaṃ tyaja tata: sadā] ||46|| 

*	*	*	*
[ ratnāvalyāṃ dvitīya: pariccheda: | ] 

4 

adharmamanvāyyamapi prāyo rājānujīvibhi: | 

ācaran stūyate tasmāt krcchrādvetti kṡamākṡamam ||1|| 

anyo’pi tāvadya: kaściddurvaca: kṡamamapriyam | 

kimu rājā mahābhaumastvaṃ mayā bhikṡuṇā satā ||2|| 

tvatkrtādeva tu snehājjagatāmanukampayā | 

ahameko vadāmi tvāṃ pathyamapyapriyaṃ bhrśam ||3|| 

satyaṃ ślakṡṇārthavatpathyaṃ śiṡya: kāle’nukampayā | 

vācya ityāha bhagavāṃstadevamabhidhīyase ||4|| 

akrodhe satyavākye ca ślādhyamāno yadi sthita: | 

śravyaṃ saṃparigrhṇīyāt sattoyaṃ snāpyamānavat ||5|| 

tasya me vadato vākyaṃ tvamihāmutra ca kṡamam | 

jñātvā kuru hitāyedamātmano jagato’pi ca ||6|| 

yācakebhya: purā dānāt prāpyārthāṃścenna dāsyasi | 

akrtajñatvalobhābhyāṃ nārthān punaravāpsyasi ||7|| 

iha pathyadanaṃ loke na vahatyabhrto bhrta: | 

yācakastvabhrto’mutra hīna: śataguṇodvaha: ||8|| 

udāracitta: satataṃ bhavodārakriyārata: | 

udārakarmaṇa: sarvamudāraṃ jāyate phalam ||9|| 

manorathairapi klībairanālīḍhaṃ narādhipai: | 

kuru dharmāspadaṃ śrīmatkhyātaṃ ratnatrayāspadam ||10|| 

sāmantarājaromāñcakaraṃ dharmāspadaṃ nay at | 

mrtasyāpyapraśasyatvād rājaṃstadakrtaṃ varam ||11|| 

@341

atyaudāryādudārāṇāṃ vismayotsāhavardhanam | 

utsāhadhnaṃ ca mandānāṃ sarvaṃsvenāpi kāraya ||12|| 

utsrjyāmutra gantavyaṃ sarvasvamavaśen ate | 

dharma niyuktaṃ yātyeva purastātsarvameva tat ||13|| 

sarvasvaṃ pūrvanrpaternrpasya vaśamāgatam | 

kiṃ pūrvakasya dharmāya sukhāya yaśase’pi vā ||14|| 

bhuktādarthādiha sukhaṃ datātpāratrikaṃ sukham | 

abhuktādattanaṡṭatvāddu:khameva kuta: sukham ||15|| 

vinaśyan sacivairdātumasvātantryānna śakyasi | 

āpaticchedani:snehairnavarājapriyaiṡibhi: ||16|| 

sarvasvenāpyata: svastha: śīghraṃ dharmāspadaṃ kuru | 

mrtyupratyayamadhyastha: pravātasthapradīpavat ||17|| 

dharmādhikārā ye cānye pūrvarājapravartitā: | 

devadroṇyādayaste’pi pravartyantāṃ yathāsthitā: ||18|| 

ahiṃsakai: śubhācārairvratasthairatithipriyai: | 

sarvakṡamairakalahairbhajyeraṃstai: sado(dya,tai: ||19|| 

andhavyādhitahīnāṅgadīnānāthavanīpakā: | 

te’pyannapānaṃ sāmyena labherannavighaṭṭitā: ||20|| 

anarthānāmapi satāṃ dhārmikāṇāmanugrahān | 

apyanyarājyasaṃsthānāmanurūpan pravartaya ||21|| 

sarvadharmādhikāreṡu dharmādhikrtamutthitam | 

alubdhaṃ paṇḍitaṃ dharmyaṃ kuru teṡāmabādhakam ||22|| 

nītijñān dhārmikān snigdhān śucīn bhaktānakātarān | 

kulīnān śīlasaṃpannān krtajñān sacivān kuru ||23|| 

akṡudrāṃstyāgina: śūrān snigdhān saṃbhogina: sthirān | 

kuru nityāpramattāṃśca dhārmikān daṇḍanāyakān ||24|| 

dharmaśīlān śucīn dakṡān kāryajñān śāstrakovidān | 

krtavrttīn samān snigdhān vrddhānadhikrtān kuru ||25|| 

@342

pratimāsaṃ ca tebhyastvaṃ sarvamāyavyayaṃ śrṇu | 

śrutvā dharmādhikārādya kāryaṃ sarvaṃ svayaṃ vada ||26|| 

dharmārthaṃ yadi te rājyaṃ na kīrtyartthaṃ na kāmata: | 

tata: saphalamatyarthamanarthārthamato’nyathā ||27|| 

parasparāmiṡībhūte loke’smin prāyaśo nrpa |

yathā rājyaṃ ca dharmaśca bhavettava tathā śrṇu ||28|| 

jñānavrddhā: kule jātā nyāyajñā: pāpabhīrava: | 

sametā bahavo nityaṃ santu te kāryadarśina: ||29|| 

daṇḍabandhaprahārādīn kuryuste nyāyato’pi cet | 

kāruṇyārdra: sadā bhūtvā tvamanugrahavān bhava ||30|| 

hitāyaiva tvayā cittamunnāmyaṃ sarvadehinām | 

kāruṇyātsatataṃ rājaṃstīvrapāpakrtāmapi ||31|| 

tīvrapāpeṡu hiṃsreṡu krpā kāryā viśeṡata: | 

ta eva hi krpāsthānaṃ hatātmāno mahātmanām ||32|| 

pratyahaṃ pañcarātraṃ vā baddhān kṡīṇān vimocaya | 

śeṡānapi yathāyogaṃ mā kāṃścit naiva mocaya ||33|| 

yeṡvamokṡaṇacittaṃ te jāyate teṡvasaṃvara: | 

tasmādasaṃvarāt pāpamajasramupacīyate ||34|| 

yāvacca na vimucyeraṃstāvatsyu: sukhabandhanā: | 

nāpitasnānapānānnabhaiṡajyavasanānvitā: ||35|| 

apātreṡviva putreṡu pātrīkaraṇakāṅkṡayā | 

kāruṇyā[ttāḍanaṃ kāryaṃ na dveṡān] nārthalipsayā ||36|| 

vimrśya samyagvijñāya praduṡṭān ghātakānapi | 

ahatvā pīḍayitvā ca kuru nirviṡayān narān ||37|| 

svatantra: paśya sarvaṃ ca viṡayaṃ cāracakṡuṡā | 

nityāpramatta: smrtimān kuru kāryaṃ ca dhārmikam ||38|| 

pradānamānasatkārairguṇasthān satataṃ bhaja | 

udārairanurūpaistu śeṡānapi yathāvidhi ||39|| 

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saṃmānasphītakusuma: saṃpradānamahāphala: | 

rājavrkṡa: kṡamācchāya: sevyate bhrtyapakṡibhi: ||40|| 

tyāgaśīlamayo rājā tejasvī bhavati priya: | 

śarkarāmodako yadvadelāmaricakarkaśa: ||41|| 

mātsyanyāyaśca te naivaṃ nyāyādrājyaṃ bhaviṡyati |

na cānyāyo na vādharmo dharmaṃścaivaṃ bhaviṡyati ||42|| 

paralokāttvayā rājyaṃ nānītaṃ nāpi neṡyasi | 

dharmāt prāptamato’syārthe nādharmaṃ kartumarhasi ||43|| 

rājyena bhāṇḍamūlyena du:khabhāṇḍaparaṃparām | 

rājan yathā nārjayasi prayatna: kriyatāṃ tathā ||44|| 

rājyena bhāṇḍamūlyena rājyabhāṇḍaparaṃparām | 

rājan yathā nirviśasi prayatna: kriyatāṃ tathā ||45|| 

caturdvīpamapi prāpya prthivīṃ cakravartina: | 

śārīraṃ mānasaṃ caiva sukhadvayamidaṃ matam ||46|| 

du:khapratikriyāmātraṃ śārīraṃ vedanāsukham | 

saṃjñāmayaṃ mānasaṃ tu kevalaṃ kalpanākrtam ||47|| 

du:khapratikriyāmātraṃ kalpanāmātrameva ca | 

lokasya sukhasarvasvaṃ vyarthametadato’rthata: ||48|| 

dvīpadeśapurāvāsapradeśasthānavāsasām | 

śayyānnapānahastyaśvastrīṇāṃ caikaikabhogyatā ||49|| 

yadā ca yatra cittaṃ syāt tadānena sukhaṃ kila | 

śeṡāṇāmamanaskārātteṡāṃ vyarthatvamarthata: ||50|| 

viṡayān pañcabhi: pañca cakṡurādibhirindriyai: | 

na kalpayati cedgahṇan nāsmātteṡu tadā sukham ||51|| 

jānāte viṡayaṃ yaṃ yaṃ yena yenendriyeṇa ca | 

tadā na śeṡai: śeṡāṇi vyarthānyeva yatastadā ||52|| 

indriyairupalabdhasya viṡayasyākrtiṃ mana: | 

upalabhya vyatītasya kalpayan manyate sukham ||53|| 

ekamarthaṃ vijānāti yadyapyekamihendriyam | 

tadapyarthaṃ vinā vyarthaṃ vyartho’rtho’pi ca tadvinā ||54|| 

@344

{1. ##=MS. III, 7,##} pratītya mātāpitarau yathokta: putrasaṃbhava: | 

cakṡūrūpe pratītyaivamukto vijñānasaṃbhava: ||55|| 

atītānāgatā vyarthā viṡayā: sārdhamindriyai: | 

taddvayānatiriktatvād vyarthā ye’pi ca sāṃpratā: ||56|| 

alātacakraṃ grhṇāti yathā cakṡurviparyayāt | 

tathendriyāṇi grhṇānti viṡayān sāṃpratāvina ||57|| 

indriyāṇīndriyārthāśca pañcabhūtamayā matā: | 

pratisvaṃ bhūtavaiyarthyādeṡāṃ vyarthatvamarthata: ||58||

nirindhano’gnirbhūtānāṃ vinirbhāge prasajyate | 

saṃparke lakṡaṇābhāva: śeṡeṡvapyeṡa nirṇaya: ||59|| 

evaṃ dvidhāpi bhūtānāṃ vyarthatvātsaṃgatirvrthā | 

vyarthatvātsaṃgateścaivaṃ rūpaṃ vyarthamato’rthata: ||60|| 

vijñānavedanāsaṃjñāsaṃskārāṇāṃ ca sarvaśa: | 

pratyekamātmavaiyarthyādvaiyarthyaṃ paramārthata: ||61|| 

sukhābhimāno du:khasya pratīkāre yathārthata: | 

tathā sukhābhimāno’pi sukhasya pratighātaja: ||62|| 

sukhe saṃyogatrṡṇaivaṃ nai:svābhāvyātprahīyate | 

du:khe viyogatrṡṇā ca paśyatāṃ muktirityata: ||63|| 

ka: paśyatīti ceccitaṃ vyavahāreṇa kathyate | 

nahi caittaṃ vinā cittaṃ vyarthatvānna saheṡyate ||64|| 

vyarthamevaṃ jaganmatvā yāthābhūtyānnirāspada: | 

nirvāti nirupādāno nirupādānavahnivat ||65|| 

bodhisattvo’pi drṡṭvaivaṃ saṃbodhau niyato mata: | 

kevalaṃ tvasya kāruṇyādā bodherbhavasaṃtati: ||66|| 

bodhisattvasya saṃbhāro mahāyāne tathāgatai: | 

nirdiṡṭa: sat u saṃmūḍhai: pradviṡṭaścaiva nindyate ||67|| 

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guṇadoṡānabhijño vā doṡasaṃjñī guṇeṡu vā | 

atha vāpi guṇadveṡī mahāyānasya nindaka: ||68|| 

paropaghātino doṡān parānugrāhiṇo guṇān | 

jñātvocyate guṇadveṡī mahāyānasya nindaka: ||69|| 

yatsvārthanirapekṡatvāt parārthaikarasapriyam | 

guṇākaraṃ mahāyānaṃ taddveṡī tena dahyate ||70|| 

śrāddho’pi durgrhītena dviṡyāt kruddho’thavetara: | 

śrāddho’pi dagdha ityukta: kā cintā dveṡabandhure ||71|| 

viṡeṇāpi viṡaṃ hanyādyathaivoktaṃ cikitsakai: | 

du:khenāpyahitaṃ hanyādityukte kiṃ virudhyate ||72|| 

{1. ##Compare Dhammapada, I 1-2.##} mana:pūrvaṃgamā dharmā mana:śreṡṭhā iti śrute: | 
hitaṃ hitamanā: kurvan du:khenāpyahitaṃ katham ||73|| 

du:khamapyāyatīpathyaṃ kāryaṃ kimu sukhaṃ hitam | 

ātmanaśca pareṡāṃ ca dharma eṡa sanātana: ||74|| 

mātrāsukhaparityāgāt paścāccedvipulaṃ sukham | 

tyajenmātrāsukhaṃ dhīra: saṃpaśyan vipulaṃ sukham ||75|| 

na mrśyate ca yadyetat kaṭubhaiṡajyadāyina: | 

tataścikitsakādyāśca hatā naivaṃ ca yujyate ||76|| 

apathyamapi yaddrṡṭaṃ tatpathyaṃ paṇḍitai: kvacit | 

utsargaścāpavādaśca sarvaśāstreṡu śasyate ||77|| 

karuṇāpūrvakā: sarve niṡyandā jñānanirmalā: | 

uktā yatra mahāyāne kastannindetsacetana: ||78|| 

atyaudāryātigāmbhīryādviṡaṇṇairakrtātmabhi: | 

nindyate’dya mahāyāna mohāt svaraparavairibhi: ||79|| 

dānaśīlakṡamāvīryadhyānaprajñākrpātmakam | 

mahāyānamatastasmin kasmāddurbhāṡitaṃ vaca: ||80|| 

@346

parārtho dānaśīlābhyāṃ kṡāntyā vīryeṇa cātmana: | 

dhyānaṃ prajñā ca mokṡāya mahāyānārthasaṃgraha: ||81|| 

parā[tmahita]mokṡārthā: saṃkṡepādbuddhaśāsanam | 

te ṡaṭpāramitāgarbhāstasmād bauddhamidaṃ vaca: ||82|| 

puṇyajñānamayo yatra buddhairbodhermahāpatha: | 

deśitastanmahāyānamajñānādvai na drśyate ||83|| 

khamivācintyaguṇatvādukto’cintyaguṇo jina: | 

mahāyāne yato buddhamāhātmyaṃ kṡamyatāmidam ||84|| 

āryaśāradvatasyāpi śīlamātre’pyagocara: | 

yasmāt tadbuddhamāhātmyamacintyaṃ kiṃ na mrṡyate ||85|| 

anutpādo mahāyāne pareṡāṃ śūnyatā kṡaya: | 

kṡayānutpādayoścaikyamarthata: kṡamyatāṃ yata: ||86|| 

śūnyatā buddhamāhātmyamevaṃ yuktyānupaśyatām | 

mahāyānetaroktāni na sameyu: kathaṃ satām ||87|| 

tathāgatābhisaṃdhyoktānyasukhaṃ jñātumityata: | 

ekayānatriyānoktādātmā rakṡya upekṡayā ||88|| 

upekṡayā hi nāpuṇyaṃ dveṡātpāpaṃ kuta: śubham | 

mahāyāne yato dveṡo nātmakāmai: krto’rhati ||89|| 

na bodhisattvapraṇidhirna caryāpariṇāmanā | 

uktā: śrāvakayāne’smādvodhisattva: kutastata: ||90|| 

adhiṡṭhānāni noktāni bodhisattvasya bodhaye | 

buddhairanyatpramāṇaṃ ca ko’sminnarthe jinādhika: ||91|| 

adhiṡṭhānāryasatyārthabodhipakṡopasaṃhitāt | 
mārgācchāvakasāmānyādbauddhaṃ kenādhikaṃ phalam ||92|| 

bodhicaryāpratiṡṭhārthaṃ na sūtre bhāṡitaṃ vaca: | 

bhāṡitaṃ ca mahāyāne grāhyamasmādvicakṡaṇai: ||93|| 

{1. ##Stanzas 94-96 cited in## pra. pa. ##p. 172.##} yathaiva vaiyākaraṇo mātrkāmapi pāṭhayet | 

buddho’vadattathā dharmaṃ vineyānāṃ yathākṡamam ||94|| 

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keṡāṃcidavadaddharmaṃ pāpebhyo vinivrttaye | 

keṡāṃcitpuṇyasiddhyarthaṃ keṡāṃcid dvayaniśritam ||95|| 

dvayāniśritamekeṡāṃ gambhīraṃ bhīrubhīṡaṇam | 

śūnyatākaruṇāgarbhamekeṡāṃ bodhisādhanam ||96|| 

iti sadbhirmahāyāne kartavya: pratighakṡaya: | 

prasādaścādhika: kārya: samyaksaṃbodhisiddhaye ||97|| 

mahāyānaprasādena taduktācaraṇena ca | 

prāpyate’nuttarā bodhi: sarvasaukhyāni cāntarā ||98|| 

dānaṃ śīlaṃ kṡamā satyaṃ grhasthasya viśeṡata: | 

dharma ukta: krpāgarbha: sa sātmīkriyatāṃ drḍham ||99|| 

atha lokasya vaidharmyādrājyaṃ dharmeṇa duṡkaram | 

tato dharmayaśo’rthaṃ te pravrajyādhigama: kṡama: ||100|| 

ratnāvalyāṃ rājavrttopadeśo nāma caturtha: pariccheda: || 

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##CRITICAL NOTES

Page 1. The correct TITLE of this work of## nāgārjuna ##is## madhyamaka, ##or## 

madhyamakaśāstra. ##It consists of over 400## kārikās ##divided into 27 chapters. The 

present edition includes also the Commentary called prasannapada by## 

candrakīrti. ##Poussin uses the title## mādhyamikavrtti ##which later he corrected to## 

madhyamakavrtti. ##Even now scholars loosely cite this work as## mādhyamikavrtti. ##As 

explained in the Introduction the name of the work is## madhyamaka ##or## madhyamakaśāstra, 

##and name of the Commentary on it is## prasannapadā. 

##P. 1, Line 2-## yo’ntadvayāvāsavidhūtavāsa: ##is an epithet of## nāgārjuna ##who has 

thrown to winds the stand of resorting to two extreme views. These 

antas are## asti ##and## nāsti; śāsvata ##and## uccheda; saṃsāra ##and## nirvāṇa ##etc. We find the 

mention of these antas in numerous places in almost identical terms as 

for instance in## saṃyutta nikāya, ##III. 135 :## sabbaṃ atthiti .. ayaṃ eko 

anto | sabbaṃ natthīti ayaṃ dutiyo anto | ete te kaccāna ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dharmmaṃ 

deseti—avijjāpaccayā saṃkhārā, ##etc. Compare also the Com. on## Mś. ##15. 7 as given 
on pages 132-33. The reading## yo’ntardayāvāsavidhūtavāsa:, ##found in Mss. but not 
confirmed by T, may be interpreted as## antardayāyā vāsena vidhūta: vāsa: grhaṃ yena. 
##p. 1, 1. 3-## saddharmatoyasya gabhīrabhāvaṃ...jagāda, ##who preached the depth of the 

ocean-waters of true law. The reading## saddharmakoṡasya ##found in T is equally 

good. 

P. 1, 1. 6-In## mahāyāna ##system the entire universe is divided into 

three spheres of existence, viz. (1)## kāmadhātu- ##the sphere of desire, (2)##

rūpadhātu- ##the sphere of form and colour, and (3)## ārūpyadhātu- ##the 

sphere of formless and colourless beings.## asaṅga ##in his## yogācārabhūmi 

##(73) has made the following observations : trayo## dhātava:. kāmadhātū 

rūpadhātur ārūpyadhātūra ##iti. He has furnished an elaborate account of 

these three spheres of existence. The word## traidhātuka ##frequently occurs 

in the## laṅkāvatāra ##and it has been explained as triple world by Suzuki. 

Cf.## bhrāntaṃ traidhātuke cittaṃ, ##268,34; ## cittaṃ ##hī# traidhātukayonir 

##etad, 268,36. 

P. I, 1. 9-## uttānasatprakriyavākyanaddhāṃ, ##equipped with phrases which are## uttāna, 

clear or easy to understand,## satprakriyavākya, ##with phrases based on right etymo- 

logical sense.## tarkānilāvyākulitāṃ, ##not overwhelmed by breeze of## tarka, ##reasoning. 

Note that the name of## bhāvaviveka’s ##Commentary on## Mś. ##is## tarkajvālā, 
##flame of the fire of reasoning.## prasannāṃ, ##characterised by clarity of word and 

sense. Compare## prasādastu svacchatā śabdārthayo:. 

##P. 1, 1. 10## śāstram, ##i. e.,## madhyamakam ##or## madhyamakaśāstram ; ##Cf. p. 13, 1. 14; p.269, 

1. 25; also## madhyamakadarśana ##on p. 135, 1. 13.## 

@350

##P. 1, 1. 11.## madhyamakāvatāravihitavidhinā, ##according to the procedure described 

in## madhyamakāvatāra ##which is the work of the commentator## candrakīrti.

##P. 1, 1. 11-## advayajñānālaṃkrtaṃ ##etc.## nāgārjuna ##composed his## madhyamakaśāstra ##for

the benefit of persons in order to teach them the## advayajñāna, ##the doctrine of 

identity of## pratītyasamutpāda, śūnyatā, prajñapti ##and## madhyamā pratipat. ##Compare :##

ya: pratītyasamutpāda: śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṡmahe | 

sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā || [ma^ śā^-24.18] 

##P. 1, 1. 12##- prathamacittotpādaṃ tathāgatajñānotpattihetum, ##the cause of obtaining the 

knowledge## ‘bodhi’ ##of## tathāgata, ##is the first## cittotpāda. ##There are ten## cittotpādas 

##corresponding to ten bhumis of## tathāgata. ##For details, see## śikṡāsamuccaya ##and## 

gaṇḍavyūhasūtra (maitreyavimokṡa). 

##P. 1, 1.13##- viditāviparītaprajñāpāramitānīte:, nāgārjuna, ##who knew the correct 

interpretation of the class of works going under the name of## prajñāpāramitā. 

##This epithet clearly shows that## nāgārjuna, ## in his## madhyamakaśāstra, ##wants to 

codify the teaching of## prajñāpāramitā. 

##P. 1, 1. 15. The term## śāstra ##is to be derived from two roots, viz.,## śās 

##to rule and## trai ##to protect. This stanza is also cited on page 4 by## sthiramati ##in 

his## madhyāntavibhāgasūtrabhāṡyaṭīkā, ##with reading## ca ##for## va:. 

##P. 2, 1. 4##-anirodhamanutpādam ##etc. These two## kārikās, ##which, according 

to## candrakīrti, ##constitute the## maṅgala ##composed to salute the## tathāgata ##at the 

beginning of his work by## nāgārjuna. ##Poussin does not count these stanzas 

as forming part of## madhyamakaśāstra ##and hence does not number them, while I 

take them to be a part of the work and have numbered them as on 

page 4. 

P. 2, 1. 7—This work aims at explaining the doctrine of## pratītyasamutpāda 

##characterised by the eight epithets, viz.,## anirodha, anutpāda, anuccheda, aśāśvata, 

anekārtha, anānārtha, anāgama ##and## anirgama, ##all negative terms meaning devoid of## nirodha, 

##destruction etc.

P. 2, 1. 13-## sthāṇu:, ##eternal.## sthāsnu ##also means the same. 1. 16-## upasargavaśena 
dhātvarthavipariṇāmāt, ##the meanings of roots undergo changes on account of 

prefixes. The following stanza is also cited by## sthiramati ##in his Commentary 

on## madhyāntavibhāga, ##P. 5. Note particularly the second line which in## pāṇinian 

##school is## prahārāhārasaṃhāravihāraparihāravat. 

##P. 2, 1. 19—The term## pratītyasamutpāda ##is here derived from## prati+I ##and## 

sam+ut+pad- ##The part## pratītya ##is a Gerund and means## prāpti ##and## apekṡā, ##and##

samutpāda ##means birth, production; so the meaning of the entire expression is 

production or origination dependent on certain conditions, or in short, 

dependent origination.

@351

P. 2, 1. 18-19. Another explanation of the term## pratītyasamutpāda ##is cited 

here which is :## prati prati ityānāṃ vināśināṃ samutpāda:, ##production of objects which

perish again and again, which explanation suits certain passages cited 

here. In## abhidharmakośavyākhyā ##this explanation is attributed to## bhadanta śrīlābha. ##Here 

it is :## anye punariti bhadantaśrīlābha: | pratirvīpsārtha iti | nānāvācināmadhikaraṇānāṃ sarveṡāṃ kriyāguṇābhyāṃ 
vyāptumicchā vīpsā, tāmayaṃ pratidyotayati | itau gatau sādhava ityā: | tatra sādhu: [ pā. 4. 4. 98 ] iti 

yatpratyaya: | itau vinaṡṭau sādhava:, anavasthāyina ityartha: | sam upasarga: samavāyārthaṃ dyotayati | utpūrva: padi: 
prādurbhāvārtham | dhātvarthapariṇāmāt tāṃ tāṃ sāmagrīṃ pratīti pratevīṃpsārthatāṃ darśayati | ityānāṃ vinaśvarāṇāṃ 

samavāyenotpāda: pratītyasamutpāda: | na kaściddharma eka utpadyate, sahotpādaniyamāt. 

candrakīrti, ##however, does not like this method of deriving the 

term, particularly in passages like## cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṡurvijñānam, ##as this 

explanation does not convey the sense of## vīṡsā. ##Further, if we take the 

word## itya ##as ending in a ##taddhitapratyaya yat, ##which then is not an indeclinable, and 

hence cannot form a compound with## samutpāda. ##Hence, the commentator 

holds that his explanation, viz.## hetupratyayāpekṡo bhāvānāmutpāda: pratītyasamutpādārtha:, ##is the 

right one. 

P. 2, 1. 23##- pratītyasamutpādaṃ vo bhikṡavo deśayiṡyāmi, ##cf. S. N. II. 1. 5. 2. 13. 

P.2, 1. 23-24##-ya: pratautyasamutpādaṃ paśyati, sa dharmaṃ paśyati ##is found in## śālistambasūtra. 

##P. 2, 1. 26##- iha tu ##etc. The passage contains the same argument as is 

found in## abhidharmakośavyākhyā-pratirbīpsārtha ityevamādikā kalpanā atraiva pratītyasamutpādasūtre yujyate | iha 

kathaṃ bhaviṡyati ? cakṡu: pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṡurvijñānamiti ? na hi pratītyānāṃ cakṡūṃ ṡi pratītya cakṡūṃṡīti 

samāsa: saṃbhavati, arthāyogāt | cakṡurhi pratītya rūpāṇi prāpya ca utpadyate cakṡurvijñānamityayamartho gamyate. 
##P. 3, 1.5##- yastu ##etc. This seems to be the view of## bhāvaviveka ##who is now 

charged that he does not possess skill to reproduce correctly the views of 

the opponents before attempting their refutation,## parapakṡānuvādākauśala. ##Ultima- 

tely,## candrakīrti ##says that the term ##prāpya ##means## apekṡya, ##and cites in support 

the authority of## nāgārjuna. ##The page 3-4 are devoted to refute the 

interpretation of## pratītyasamutpāda ##given by## bhāvaviveka. 

##P. 3, 1. 25##- yaccāpi svamataṃ vyasthāpitam, ##i.e., the view of## bhāvaviveka, ##viz.,## idaṃ 

pratyayatārtha: pratītyasamutpādārtha: ##is not approved by## candrakīrti, ##because it does not 

explain the term by correct derivation.

P. 4, 1. 9-10##-sāṃvrttānāṃ padārthānām ##etc. All objects, according to## mādhya- 

mikas, ##are valid only from the point of view of## saṃvrti, ##i.e.,## vyavahāra. saṃvrti ##is 

so called because it obscures the true nature of things. 

P. 4, 1. 11##-āryajñānāpekṡayā, ##from the view-point of an## ārya, ##i.e.,

Buddhist. In other words, from the point of view of## paramārtha, ##as opposed 

to## saṃvrti.

##P. 4, 1, 17##-cittacaittanām, ##caitta=belonging to mind, mental states. 

It has been invariably compounded with citta. The word cittacaitta
@352

occurs in the## laṅkā ##( 151 ). Cf.## bāhyavicitrārthopalambhābhiniveśāc 

cittacaittakalāpo vikalpasaṃśabdita: pravartamāna:. ##Cf. also## nirvikalpa: 

sadā yuktāś cittacaittavivarjitā:. ( laṅkā, 269.38), ##mind and all possible 

varieties of mental things; ##cf. citta caitasika. 

P. 16, 1. 6##-saṃvrti = ##popular convention (Mookerjee, ASL., p. 51). 

The## dharmasaṃgraha:##(95) has referred to two varieties of truth, viz.## 
samvrtisa ##tya, empirical truth and## paramārthasatya, ##transcendental truth. 

P. 57, 1.2##-pravacana, ##doctrinal instruction, preachina sacred text. 
P. 59, 1. 22-## ānimitta, ##causeless (nimitta = cause).

P. 59, 1.25##- kumārga-##see note elsewhere. 

P. 60, 1. 12##-parikalpasvarūpa-##see note elsewhere. 

P. 60, 1. 22##-(niśrita)-##see note elsewhere. 

P. 108, 1. 22##-asaṃskrta. ##This word occurs in the## mahāyāna 

##Buddhist Texts both as a substantive or an adjective. It means unproduced, 

uncreated, unconditioned and the like. The## dharmasaṃgraha ##(32) has stated 

that there are three## asaṃskrta ##(uncreated) objects, viz. ether## (ākāśa), 

annihilation through reflection## (pratisaṃkhyā-nirodha), ##and annihilation 

without reflection## (apratisaṃkhyā-nirodha). ##That what passes under 

the name of## pratisaṃdhyā-nirodha, ##is equivalent to## nīrvāṇa. ##It is worth 
noting that the## laṅkāvatāra ##has enumerated the names of## ākāśa, aprati- 

saṃkhyā-nirodha, ##and## nirvāṇa-dhātu (##instead of## ptatisaṃkhyā-nirodha) 

##as unproduced things. Cf.## ākāśam apratisaṃkhyānirodho nirvāṇadhātuś-

cā’nirodho’nutpanna:; na cā’tra kaścit saṃskrto’saṃskrto vā ( laṅkā, 197; 

199 ).##Besides the## laṅkā (## 177) has used## krtakam ##and## akrtikam ##in lieu of## 
saṃskrtam ##and## asaṃskrtam. ##Cf.## ākāśam apratisaṃkhyānirodho nirvāṇaṃ 

##bho Gautamā# krtakam akrtakam ?

##Pratyaya : Cause. ##There is divergence of opinion regarding the 
precise import of the two technical terms hetu ##and## pratyaya ##so frequently 
employed in## mahāyāna ##literature. A section of glossators holds that the 

immediate or proximate cause is called hetu and that the remote one 

passes under the name of## pratyaya. ##While another group of## mahāyānists

##have indiscriminately used them, thus indicating identity of their 

meaning.## nāgārjuna ##in his## madhyamakaśāstra ##has set down four different

varieties of pratyayas, viz. (1) hetu-pratyaya, (2)## ālambana-pratyaya, 

##(3) anantara-pratyaya and (4) adhipati-pratyaya.## candrakīrti ##in his## 

prasannapadā ##(29) has explained these terms in extensor. He has observed 

that what brings a things into existence as an underlaying seed is to be 

regarded as hetu-pratyaya with respect to its effect. A thing while coming 

into existence depends upon a basis and thereby actually comes into 

existence. This basis is called## ālambana-pratyaya. ##For instance, mind and 

@353

all possible varieties of mental things are contingent on form and the like 
for their coming into being. The destruction of the cause is the imme- 

diate cause of bringing the effect into existence. To take a concrete 

instance, the destruction of the seed is the immediate cause of bringing 

the sprout into existence. The destruction of the seed is called## anantara- 
pratyaya ##with respect to the sprout. An effect comes into existence due 
to the existence of another. The latter is styled## adhipati-pratyaya ##in 

reference to the former.## asaṇga ##in his## yogācārabhūmi ##( PP. 61-62) has 

made the following observation :## catvāra: pratyayā: hetupratyaya: 

##samanantarapratyayā# ālambanapratyayo’dhipatipratyaya:. ##Tatrā# bījaṃ 

hetupratyaya:. ##samanantarapratyayo yasyā# vijñānasyā’nantaraṃ yeṡāṃ 

vijñānānām utpattiniyama: ##sā# teṡāṃ samanaytarapratyaya:. ālambana- 

pratyayo yeṡāṃ cittacaitasikānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ yad ālambanaṃ (##cf. also## 

prasannapadā, ##P. 32.) adhipatipratyayo yo bījanirmukta āśraya:, 

Tad yathā-cakṡurvijñānasya cakṡu ye ca tatsahāyadharmā:. ##Evam 

avaśīṡṭānāṃ vijñānānām. yā ca kuśalākuśalatesṭāniṡṭaphalaparigrahāya. 

evambhāgīyā adhipatipratyayā:. ##Tatrā# bījād dhetupratyayavyavas- 

thānāṃ. svabhāvātsamanantarapratyayasya ālambhanāt ##tasyai’va.## 

āśrayasahāyādibhyo’dhipatipratyayasya. yad uktaṃ ye hetavo ye 

pratyayā vijñānasyo’tprādāye’ti. tatrai’ṡām eva caturṇām eko hetuprat- 

yaya: hetuś ca pratyayas ca. avaśīṡṭa: pratyayā eva. 
P. 66, 1. 12-13##-saṃskrta. ##That which, is subject to origination, 
annihilation and mutable existence is technically called## saṃskrta. 

prasannapadā ##has elucidated the meaning of this term in conformity with 

the text. The## dhrarmasaṃgraha ##(32) has enumerated the three entities 

which pass under the name of## asaṃskrta. ##Cf.## trīṇyasaṃskrtāni. tad yathā 

ākāśa:, pratisaṃkhyā-nirodha:, apratisaṃkhyā-nirodhas’ce'ti. 

##P. 67## … … nairyānika, ##see elsewhere. 

P. 67 … ...## parivīra: 

##P. 67##-sāṃmitīya:--##Professor De La Vallee Poussin has written an 

article on some of the cardinal doctrines of the## sāmmitīyas ##in the E.R.E. 

He has adverted to the fact that according to the view of the## abhidhar-

makośavyākhyā, ##the## sāmmitīyas ##are not different from the## vātsīputrīyas. 

guṇaratha ##in his commentary on the## ṡaḍḍarśanasamuccaya ##has also referred 

to their basic doctrines. A few scholars have maintained that the work 

entitled## sāmmītiyaśāstra ##which is an authoritative text on this system of 

thought was rendered into Chinese between 350 A.D. and 431 A.D. 

P. 45##- niṡkarṡaṇapada. 

##P. 45##- saṃkarṡaṇapada. 

@354

##P.47-bala, moral power. The## arthaviniścayasūtra (17) ##has enume-

rated five balas : tatra bhikṡava: katamāni pañca balāni ? yaduta

śraddhābalaṃ vīryabalaṃ smrtibalaṃ samādhibalaṃ prajñābalam. ##The##

dharmasaṃgraha (48) ##also agrees with the list adverted to above. Cf.##

pañca balāni. śraddhāvīryasamrtisamādhiprañjābalaṃ ce’ti.

daśabala. ##The## dharmasaṃgraha (75, 76) ##has listed ten moral powers

of Bodhisattva and ten knowledge-powers of ā# tathāgata ##in the

following order :## bodhisattvānāṃ daśabalāni. tad yathā, adhimukti-

balam, pratisaṃkhyānabalam, bhāvabalam, kṡāntibalam, jñānabalam,

prahāṇabalam, samādhibalam, pratibhānabalam, puṇyabalam, pratipatti-

balaṃ ce’ti. tathāgatasya daśa balāni. tad yathā sthānāsthānajñāna-

balam, karmavipākajñānabalam, nānādhātujñānabalam, nānādhimukta-

jñānabalam, sattvendriyaparāparajñānabalam, sarvatragāminipratipatti-

jñānabalam, dhyāna-vimokṡa-samādhi-samāpatti-saṃkleśa-vyavadāna-

vyutthāna-jñānabalam, pūrvanivāsānusmsrti-jñānabalam, cyutyutpattijñā-

na balam, āsravakṡayajñanabalaṃ ce’ti.

satkāyadrṡti, ##heretical notion regarding the reality of the physical

body. The## dharmasaṃgraha ##has enumerated five different types of 

heretical doctrines : cf.## pañca drṡṭaya:. satkāyadrṡṭiḥ, antagrāhadrṡṭiḥ,

mithyādrṡṭiḥ, drṡṭiparāmarśaḥ śīlaparāmarśsa:.

##P. 255##-pratipanna (pāli paṭipanna), ##have attained or practised.

##P. 255##-dharmānudharma = (pāli dhammānudhamma). ##There is

divergence of opinion regarding the exact meaning of this compound

word. One section of scholars holds that it signifies the## religious doctrine in its entirety.

##whereas another group avers that it means both principal

and subordinate religious doctrines. It is also occasionally split up as##

dharmasya anudharma:, ##thus assigning separate meaning to the final

member of the compound.

P. 255##-pratipatti = ##realization, appropriate behaviour.

P. 255##-upadhiśeṡa-nirvāṇa. ##The expression## upadhi ##implies the five##

skandhas ##which serve as the substratum of worldly existence and accound

for the notion of itself. This variety of## nirvāṇa ##implies abandonment

of the six affictions, viz. attachment, anger conceit, ignorance, evil

heretical notion and doubt. In this state of## nirvāṇa ##only the five

conglomerations remain as a residuum. There takes place the elimination

of the heretical view regarding the reality of the physical body and other

varieties of afflictions.##

nirupadhiśeṡa-nirvāṇa. ##This variety of## nirvāṇa ##implies the annihi-

lation of even the five## skandhas ##in the shape of residuum as adverted

@355

to above. To be explicit, the## sopadhiśeṡa-nirvāṇa ##occurs with the 

cessation of all afflictions and the## nirupadhiśeṡa ##is occasioned by the 

destruction of even the five conglomerations. 

P. 260##-ājavaṃjavībhāva, ##the state of coming and going : the cycle or 
series of birth and death.## candrakīrti ##has offered the following interpret- 

tation of this word : ##Tatrā# ājavaṃjavībhāva: āgamanagamanabhāvajan- 
mamaraṇaparaṃpare’tyartha:. 

##P. 270—supina, dream, cf. skt. svapna and AMg. suvina. Confer also 

supana and## suvaṇa ##in this connection. The## laṅkāvatāra ##has repeatedly 

compared this phenomenal world with dream in order to emphasize its 

unreality. cf.## māyāsvapnopamaṃ drśyaṃ vijñāptyā na vikalpayet ##(265.11: 95.147, 148; 263.35). 

P. 267##-dvādaśāṅga, ##twelve fold causation, twelve links or steps 

of causes. 

P. 267, 1. 3##—pratipad=path. Cf.## madhymā pratipad, ##the doctrine 

of middle path. It is so-called because it steers clear of the two extreme 

doctrines, viz. of extreme asceticism and materialism.## nāgārjuna ##in the 

introductory verse of his## madhyamaka-śāstra ##has stated eight-fold 

negation as the infallible way of its realization: 

Cf.## Anirodham anutpādam anucchedam aśāśvatam | 
Anekārtham anānārtham anāgamam anirgamam || 
##P. 267. 1.8-## du:khaṃ samudyaṃ cai’va nirodhaṃ mārgam eva ca. 
##These expressions refer to four## ārya-satyas ##or four Noble Truths. The## 

pāli ##equivalent to it is## ariya-sacca. ##The authoritative Buddhist texts 

have enumerated four different varieties of it, viz. suffering## (du:kha), 

cause or origin of suffering## (du:kha-samudaya),##annihilation of suffering## 

(du:kha-nirodha), ##way of annihilation## (mārga). ##The## arthaviniścaya-sūtra, 

##(6) has laid down the four noble truths in the following order## : Tatra
katamāni catvāry ārya-satyāni ? tad yathā-du:kham āryasatyam, 

du:khasamudayam āryasatyam, du:khanirodham āryasatyam, du:khani- 

rodhagāmini pratipadā āryasatyam…etāni khalu bhikṡavaś catvāry 

āryasatyāni. ##The## dharṃasaṃgraha ##(21) also has enumerated them in the 
way indicated below :## catvārya ārya-satyāni. Tad yathā du:khaṃ, 

samudaya:, nirodha:, mārgaś ce’ti. 

P. 267, 1. 9##-(punar-) bhava, ##state of existence, birth. 

P. 267, 1. 11##-avidyā = ##ignorance :## candrakīrti ##has offered the 

following interpretation of this term :## Tatra avidyā ajñānaṃ tamo yathā- 

bhūtārthapracchādakam. ##It is by depending upon ignorance of previous 

@356

birth that a person performs meritorious, demeritorious and immobiling 

deeds which ultimately leads to rebirth. 

##P. 267, 1.9-## nivrta, ##veiled, concealed. 

P. 267, 1. 12##-pudgala. 

##P. 267, 1. 12-## abhisaṃskurute, ##produces## (candrakīrti); ##cf.## abhisaṃs- 

karoti : ##This word frequently occurs with## karman ##and## citta ##in the## 

mahāyāna ##Buddhist Texts. So its meaning varies with the variation of 

the context. When it is employed with the former it signifies accumulates, 

performs, accomplishes and the like. It is often syntactically related with 

its accusative which is permitted to play the role of the cognate object. 

Similarly in the case of its connection with the latter, it means 

concentrates : cf. also## abhisaṃskāra. 

##P. 267, 1. 14-## āneñjya. ##This word has often times been used with## 

saṃskāra, karman, dharma ##and## citta. ##It means immovable.## candrakīrti 

##in his## prasannapadā ##(P. 161) has made this relevant observation :## karmāṇi

kuśalākusalāneñjyāni. ##In the present context he has interpreted the term## 

saṃskāra ##as synonym of## karman ##itself. Confer his observation…..## 

abhisaṃskaroti utpādayati…..punarbhavābhisaṃskārāt saṃskārā:… 

……tāṃstrividhān karmalakṡaṇān saṃskārān …..taiśca 

saṃskārair abhisaṃskrtai: karmabhi: karmasaṃjñitai:…. 

##So it turns out that there are three varieties of## karman, ##viz, meritorious## 

(kuśala), ##non-meritorious## (akuśala) ##and immovahle## (āneñjya). ##His inter- 

pretation of the word## saṃskāra ##coincides with that provided by the## 

śālistambasūtra ##(81.5) which runs as follows :## abhisaṃskārārthena 

saṃskārā: ##The three varieties of## karman ##alluded to above also bring 

about the three distinct states of existence, viz.## kāmāvacara, rūpāvacara 

##and## arūpāvacara ##in order of their mention. 

P. 267,## saṃskāra, predisposition. ##It is the result of the performance 

of meritorious and non-meritorious deeds and also is the latent trace of 

past experience. It is the condition of a new state of existence. It is the 

second link in the chain of dependent origination## (pratītyasamutpāda). 

##It takes its rise by depending on ignorance## (avidyā) ##and by itself is the 

cause of consciousness## (vijñāna). candrakīrti ##has observed that## saṃskāra 

##means## karman ##and as such the former is susceptible of a threefold classi- 

fication, viz.## kuśala ##(meritorious),## a-kuśala, ##(non-meritorious) and 

immovable## (āneñjya). ##It is also liable to be set forth in the following 

order : physical## (kāyika), ##vocal## (vācika) ##and mental## (mānasika). ##The 

transmigration of a creature is conditioned by these## saṃskāras ##produced 

by ignorance. ##Cf.## te cā# trividhā:-kuśalā, akuśalā, ānejyāśca yadi vā 

kāyikā, vācikā, mānasāśce’ti. tāṃ strividhān karmalakṡaṇān saṃskārān 

@357

avidyānivrta: pudgala: karoti. Taiś ca saṃskārair abhisaṃskrtai: 
karmabhi: karmas aṃjñitai: tad dhetukāṃ gatiṃ gacchati (prasannapadā, ##p. 267##). 

vijñāna, ##consciousness. It is the third link in dependent origination 

and comes into being by depending on## saṃskāra. ##It has been stated## ad 

nauesum ##that performance and the consequent accumulation of action 

brings about a state of existence, thus facilitating the rebirth of a 

creature in it. There are accredited varieties of it which are liable to be 

classified under two distinct heads, viz. blessed state of existence## (sugati), 

##and evil state of existence## (durgati). ##The former includes the state of 

existence pertaining to gods## (deva) ##and man## (manuṡya). ##The latter 

relates to that of hell## (nāraka), ##lower animals## (tiryak), ##departed spirits## 
(preta) ##and demons## (asura). ##It is worthy of remark that the state of 

existence is conditioned by the nature of## saṃskāra, ##which is either blessed 

or evil as adverted to above. And it is into this state of existence that 

consciousness which has action or accumulated predisposition of the 

previous birth for its cause enters, that is to say, comes into being, as 
the seed of transmigration. The cycle of birth and death recurs in an 

order that has no beginning and the twelve links of dependent origina- 

tion extends over the past, present and future existence. And conse- 

quently in the process of rebirth of a creature, this consciousness enters 

the womb of the mother. It is immediately after its entrance, that name## 

(nāma) ##and form## (rūpa) ##come into existence in the womb by depending 

upon it (consciousness). To be more precise, the consciousness of the 

foetus is produced by the predisposition of the previous birth.## 

nāma-rūpa, ##name and form. It is the fourth link in the chain of 
dependent origination. It is immediately after the entrance of conscious- 

ness in the foetus, that name and form come into existence by depending 

upon it (consciousness). It is consciousness which brings about the 

association with them. It stands to reason that the different embryonic 

stages of the foetus which receive distinct name and form presupposes 

the existence of consciousness. They are immediate successor of it.## 

candrakīrti ##has furnished the etymological meaning of these two 

terms. He has observed:## Tatra karmakleśāviddhaṃ …nāmayatīti 

nāma, saṃjñāvaśena vā artheṡu nāmayatīti nāma. catvāro’rūpiṇa: 

skandhā nāme’ti vyapadiśyate. rūpyata iti rūpam, bādhyata ityartha:. 

idaṃ ca rūpaṃ pūrvakaṃ ca nāma, ubhayam etad abhisaṃkṡipya 

nāmarūpam iti vyavasthāpyate (prasannapadā, ##P. 267-68). 

P. 267, 1.22,## āyatana : ##The meaning of this word varies with the 

variation of the context. It has been used in the sense of object, field, 

seat and the like. In the present context it signifies (six) sense-organs.

@358

The## arthaviniścayasūtra ##(P.313) has observed :## nāmarūpapratyayaṃ 

ṡaḍāyatanam iti. ṡaḍāyatanaṃ katamat ? cakṡurāyatanam, śrotrāya- 

tanam, ghrāṇāyatanam, jihvāyatanam, kāyāyatanam, manaāyatanam. 
idam ucyate ṡaḍ-āyatanam. ṡaḍāyatanapratyaya: sparśa iti. sparśa: 
katama: ? ṡaṭ sparśakāya: : cakṡu:saṃsparśa:, śrotrasaṃśparśa:, 

ghrāṇasaṃsparśa:, jihvāsaṃsparśa: kāyasaṃsparśa:, mana:saṃsparśa:. 

Ayam ucyate sparśa:. ##The## dharmasaṃgraha ##(24), however, has 
enumerated twelve## āyatanas, ##that is to say, the six sense-organs together 

with their respective six sense-objects. Cf.## dvādaśāyatanāni, cakṡu:śro- 

traghrāṇajihvākāyamanaāyatanāni rūpagandhaśabdarasasparśadharmāya- 

tanāni ce’ti. ##Besides the## āyatana ##has been classified under two heads, 

viz. (1)## vāhya ##and (2)## ādhyātmika ##The## laṅkāvatāra ##and other authorita- 

tive## mahāyāna ##texts have frequently mentioned## āyatana ##in association 

with## dhātu ##and## skandha. Cf.## skandhadhātvāyatanānāṃ parikalpitalakṡa- 

nasvabhāvāvabodha:--laṅkā, ##2.29. 

##P. 273-## upāyāsa, ##mental affliction or distress : mental irritation, 

disturbance (BHS, 146). It is the final step in the twelve-fold causation. 

The## arthaviniścayasūtra ##(5) has laid down the preceeding links of it in 

the following order :## jāti-pratyayā jarā-maraṇa-śokaparideva-

du:kha-daurmanasyo’pāyāsā: saṃbhavanti. ##The## dharmasaṃgraha ##(42) 

also has provided an identical list,## candrakīrti ##has offered the following 

interpretation :## du:khadaurmanasyabahutvasaṃbhūtā upāyāsā:. 

##P. 273-##du:kha, daurmanasya- candrakīrti ##has clearly stated the 

difference between the meanings of these two words. The appearance 

of pain with respect to the five sense-organs is called## du:kha. ##And the 

coming about of disagreeable state of mind is known as daurmanasya. 

Cf.## pañcendriyāsātanipāto du:kham. manoniṡṭanipāto daurmanasya… 

(prasannapadā, ##pp.273). 

##p.278##—manasi-kāra-##attention, concentration of mind. In the 

sacred texts of the Buddhist, the word manasi which is loc. sing. of the 

stem manas has been frequently associated with the different forms of the 

root kr. Cf.## manasi-karoti, manasī-karoti manasi-karvanti, manasi- 

kuru, manaskāra, manasi-kartavya, manasi- krta, manasi-kurvāṇasya 

manasi-kariṡyanti. ##Besides the two words## yoniśa: ##and## ayoniśa: ##frequently 

preceed the two words## manasi-kāra ##and## manaskāra. asaṅga ##in his##

Tagācārabhūmi (60) ##has made the pertinent observation :## manaskāra: 

katama: ? cetasa ābhoga:. ##Besides he has expounded the significance of 

the two technical terms:## yoniśo manaskāraprajñapti ##(Ybh., 114) and## 

ayoniśo manaskāra-prajñapti ##(Ybh., 118). 

P. 275##-anuparigraha, ##cohesion. Cf.## śāl. ##77.17## ya: kāyasyā’- 
nuparigrahakrtyaṃ karoty ayam ucyate’ bdhātu: 

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##P. 278-##paritta, ##small.## 
P. 279-## sabhāga, ##similar, same, equal; antonym of## visadrśa.

##P. 279##- aupapattyaṃśika, ##pertaining to the portion of origination 
or birth. Sometimes the word## aṅgika ##has also been used with## aupapatti. 

##Cf.## laṅkā (277.97)## aupapattyaṅgikaṃ cittaṃ vicitraṃ vāsanāsaṃbhavam. 
##The word## aṃśika ##and## antika ##have also been compounded with## māraṇa ##or## 

maraṇa. candrakīrti ##in his## prasannapadā ##has quoted the## śālstambasūtra 

##with a slight variation of reading.## 
P. 279-## māraṇāntika, maraṇāntika, ##pertaining to the portion of 

destruction (death).##

##P. 280, 1. 1,## pūrvānta (=pāli pubbanta),## the past time : cf.## 

pūrvakoṭi (koṭi, ##limit, end BHS, 352).## candrakīrti ##in his## prasannapadā, 

##P. 280 has offered the following interpretation of this word :## Tatra 

vartamānamātmabhāvam apekṡya atītā ātmabhāvā: pūrvānta ityucyate. 
pūrvo hi janmaparaṃparāṃśa: pūrvānta:. ##This word is frequently 
associated with## aparānta. 

##P. 280, 1.2--## aparānta, ##the future time, the farthest limit, the future 

end of wordly existence.## candrakīrti ##in his## prasannapadā (281) ##explains it 

as follows## : Tatra vartamānam ātmabhāvam apekṡya bhāvina: ātmabhā- 
vā: aparānta ityucyate. Aparo hi janmaparaṃparāṃśo'parānta:. 
##P. 280, 1.3-## ātmabhāva, ##existence of the self. This word has also 

been used in the sense of body.## 
drṡṭi, ##heretical or erroneous view. This word frequently occurs in 

the## laṅkāvatāra, ##cf.## laṅkā 3.1. drṡṭivigatam; 25.26 bhavadrṡṭi:; 30.67

svabhāva: kalpana kalpyaṃ drśyaṃ drṡṭidvayaṃ katham ? (##V, 67##);
tirthyadrṡṭi (laṅkā. P. 23) antadvayadrṡṭi (51. 12) ##P.## 23-āya-vyayadrṡṭā- 

bhiniveśena… (laṅkā, ##174. 12). The## dharmasaṃgraha ##(68) has 

made the following observation :## pañca drṡṭaya:, satkāyadṭṡṭi:, antagrā- 

hadrṡṭi:, mithyādrṡṭi:, drṡṭiparāmarśa: śilaparāmarśa:. candrakīrti 

##(P. 264) has observed that there are four views with reference to## nirvāṇa : 

(1) ##A## tathāgata ##is born after death, (2) A## tathāgata ##is not born after 

death, (3) A## tathāgata ##it both born and is not born after death, (4) A## 

tathāgata ##is neither born nor is not born after death. Besides he has 

referred to four views pertaining to the annihilation and the like (p. 264). 

They may be set forth in the following order ; (1) The world-order is 

destructible, (2) The world-order is non-destructible, (3) The world- 

order is both destructible and non-destructible, (4) Verily the world- 

order is neither destructible nor non-destructible. These four views are 

to be understood with respect to the future time. When an individual 

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does not perceive the future coming-into-existence of the self or the 

world-order, he imagines that the world-order is liable to destruction. 

And he pursues this course by relying upon future time. Analogously 

when he perceives the origination of that was in future, he adopts 

the course that the world is non-destructible. When he both perceives 

and fails to perceive, he concludes in both ways, And due to the 

negation of both, he comes to hold that it is neither destructible nor 

non-destructible. 

Besides there are four views concerning the existence of the world- 

order in the past. They may be set down in the order indicated below : 

(1) The world-order is eternal, (2) The world-order is non-eternal, (3) 

The world-order is both eternal and non-eternal, (4) The world-order 

is neither eternal nor non-eternal : These four views relate to the past 

time (P. 264). When an expereient perceives the past origination of 

the self or the world-order, he reaches the conclusion that it (world-

order) is eternal. But when he cannot perceive it, he thinks it to be 

non-eternal. But when he both perceives and fails to perceive, he 

concludes that it is both eternal and non-eternal. But when he neither 

perceives nor fails to perceive, he considers it to be neither eternal, nor 

non-eternal. These views concern with the past time. (P. 264). 

Furthermore,## candrakīrti ##(P. 280-81)##has set forth eight views 
pertaining to the past time. They are susceptible of classification in 

the following order : (1) Were I was existent in the past time ? (2) I was 

not existent in the past time, (3) I was both existent and non-existent 

in the past time, (4) Verily I was neither existent nor non-existent in 

the past time. Besides the other four views concerning the eternality of 

the world—order in the past time have already been adverted to above.## 

candrakīrti ##has remarked that the four-fold view as elaborated in 

connexion with the eternity of the world-order in the past, does not 

differ from that of the latter to an extreme point. Yet it has been 

separately set down by relying upon their apparently distinctive feature. 

The view that the world-order is eternal does not differ from the view I 

was existent in the past time to an inordinate degree. Or, the difference 
between them may be accounted in the following way. The view the 



world-order is eternal relates to the past time in a universal way. But the 

view I was existent in the past arises exclusively with respect to the past 

existence of the self. It is bereft of any element of universality. This 

attitude should be adopted with regard to the other view. So it is 

evident that these eight views pertain to the past time. 

There are also eight views divided under two categories that take 

the future time into its consideration. The one category of the four-fold 

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view may be stated in the following order : (1) Shall I be existent in the 

future, (2) I shall not be existent in the future, (3) I shall be both existent 

and non-existent in the future, (4) Verily I shall be neither existent nor 

non-existent in the future. All these four views relate to the future time. 

Over and above there it also four-fold view which concerns itself to the 

destructibility and non-destructibility of the world-order and the mode 

of its expression has been referred to above. The salient feature of it 

consists in the fact that it takes course by depending upon the future 

time in a general way. But the view I shall be existent in the future 

time proceeds on by resting upon the future existence of the self to the 

exclusion of any other thing. This is the difference between the categories 

of four-fold view that concerns itself with the future time (pp. 280-81). 

P. 309, 1. 1,## svabhāva, ##self-nature, self-being, intrinsic reality, 

self-hood. 

P. 309, 1.3,## hetu-pratyaya-sāmagrī, ##totality of causal conditions, both 

individually and collectively. (Mookerjee,##vigrahavyāvartanī). 

##P.310, 1. 13,## ṡaṭkoṭiko vāda:, ##six-fold dialectic (Mookerjee,## 

vigrahavyāvartanī) ##ixfold disputation, sixfold argumentation. 

P. 310, 1.8,## vaiṡamikatvam, ##disparity, unwarranted differentiation. 

P. 310, 1. 8,## viśeṡahetu, ##ground of differentiation, ground of discrimi- 

nation (Mookerjee,## vigrahavyāvartanī 10). 

##P. 310, 1. 15,## pratiṡedha ##negation denial.

P. 311, 1. 31,## kuśala-dharma : nāgārjuna, ##in his auto-commentary 

on the## vigrahavyāvartanī, ##and other sacred texts of Buddhism have 

enumerated 119## kuśala-dharmas ##which induce spiritual elevation. The

word## kuśala ##occurs in association with the following :## kuśala-puṇya, 
kuśala-mūla, kuśala-pakṡa, kuśala-karmapatha ##and the like. 

P. 311, 1. 31,## dharmāvasthāvid, ##conversant with the different 

branches of the Doctrine. 

P. 312, 1. 26,## nairyāṇika, ##conducive to deliverance (BHS, 312). Cf. 

conducive to the attainment of## nirvāṇa, ##cf.## nairvāṇika. 

##P. 312, 1. 29,## bodhyaṅga, saṃbodhyaṅga, ##factors of enlightenment. 

The## arthaviniścayasūtra, ##18, has enumerated seven varieties of it, viz.##

smrtisaṃbodhyaṅga, dharmapravicaya^, gāmbhīrya^, prīti^, prasrabdhi^, 

samādhi^ upekṡā^. 

##P. 313, 1. 21,## ni:svabhāva, ##bereft of reality.

P.313, 1. 31,## grāha, (=pāli gāha), ##false belief : cf.## ātmagrāha 
(=pāli attagāha, ##clinging to the (false view that there is a) self, (BHS.,

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219). ##The## laṅkāvatāra ##has observed :## Na ca tvādrśā anye vā budhyante
ātmagrāhapatitayā saṃtatyā. ##Cf. Suzuki’s rendering : This is not under- 
stood by you and others who cherish the notion of an ego soul and its 

continuity. 

P. 314, 1. 21,## nai:svābhāvya, ##intrinsic unreality. 

P. 316, 1. 12,## māyāpuruṡa, ##man created by power of magic. 

P. 318, 1. 10,## vyavahārasatyam, ##empirical reality. 
P. 328, 1. 4,## ayoniśo manaskāra, ##unfounded belief (Mookerjee## 
vigrahavyāvartanī ##P. 37),## ayoniśa, ##not fundamental or thoroughgoing, 
superficial (BHS., 64). The expressions## ayoniśo, vikalpena ##occur in the## 
laṅkāvatāra ##(265.13). Suzuki has rendered it as wrong discrimination. 
P. 312, 1. 3,## adhimokṡa, ##see elsewhere. 

P. 312, 1. 4,## adhyāśaya, ##see elsewhere. 

P. 312, 1. 4,## prativirati, ##abstention (BHS., 368) {1. ##PP 313-321 of these notes have been added by the General Editor.##} 
