# dict

Words: surface
Meaning:
W1S2   n [C]   ----------//\n   1 water/land:\n   2 outside/top layer:\n   3 person/situation etc:\n   4 for working on:\n   5 side of an object:  ----------//  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  face  ’face’]//\n  1 WATER/LAND:  the top layer of an area of water or land//  surface of//  --Dead leaves floated on the surface of the water.//  --Nearly 10 percent of the Earth’s surface is covered by ice.//  --Gas bubbles in any liquid tend to rise to the surface .//  beneath/under/below the surface//  --The tunnel was some 300 feet below the surface.//\n  2 OUTSIDE/TOP LAYER:  the outside or top layer of something//  surface of//  --the surface of the vase//  --The road surfaces tend to be worse in the towns than in the country.//  --a frying pan with a non-stick surface//  on sth’s surface//  --mold growing on the cheese’s surface//\n  3 PERSON/SITUATION ETC:   the surface//  the qualities, emotions etc of someone or something that are easy to notice, but which are not the only or not the real qualities, emotions etc//  on the surface//  --On the surface, it seems a simple story.//  --Half an hour later Enid had calmed down, at least on the surface .//  beneath the surface//  --I sensed a lot of tension and jealousy beneath the surface.//  --Prejudice is never far beneath the surface  (=often appears) in the region.//  rise/be brought/come to the surface //  --Violence has risen to the surface in the inner-city.//\n  4 FOR WORKING ON:  a flat area on the top of a cupboard, table, desk etc, that you use for cooking or working on//  work/kitchen surface //  --Keep kitchen surfaces clean and tidy.//  --Work on a clean, flat surface.//\n  5 SIDE OF AN OBJECT:  one of the sides of an object//  --How many surfaces does a cube have?//    scratch the surface at scratch1 (8)//\nsurface 2 v \n  1 [I] if information, feelings, or problems surface, they become known about or easy to notice:  surface in//  --Rumors about the killings have begun to surface in the press.//  --the jealousy that had surfaced in her//\n  2 [I] if someone or something surfaces, they suddenly appear somewhere, especially after being gone or hidden for a long time:   pop up//  --Last year Toole surfaced again in Cuba.//\n  3 [I] to rise to the surface of water:  --divers surfacing near the boat//\n  4 [I]  BrE  informal to get out of bed, especially late:  --Joe never surfaces before midday on Sunday.//\n  5 [T] to put a surface on a road:\nsurface 3 adj [only before noun] \n  1 relating to the part of the army, navy etc that travels by land or on the sea, rather than by air or under the sea:  --the Navy’s surface forces //\n  2 appearing to be true or real, but not representing what someone really feels or what something is really like:   superficial//  --Beneath the surface calm, she felt very insecure.//


Words: surface tension
Meaning:
n [U]   the way the molecules in the surface of a liquid stick together so that the surface is held together//


Words: surfeit
Meaning:
n  formal   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: surfaire  ’to overdo’, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  faire  ’to do’]//  a surfeit of sth//  an amount of something that is too large or that is more than you need//   excess//  --a surfeit of food and drink//


Words: surfer
Meaning:
n [C]   surfboard, wetsuit//\n  1 someone who rides on waves while standing on a special board:\n  2  Net/Internet/Web surfer:  someone who looks quickly through information on the Internet to find information that interests them//


Words: surfing
Meaning:
n [U] \n  1 the activity or sport of riding over the waves on a special board:  --When we were in Hawaii we went surfing every day.//\n  2 the activity of looking quickly through information on the Internet to find something that interests you:    channel surfing//


Words: surge
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: sourge-, the stem of  sourdre  ’to rise, surge’, from  Latin surgere  ’to go right up, rise’, from  sub-  ’up’ +  regere  ’to lead straight’]//\n  1 [always + adverb/preposition] to suddenly move very quickly in a particular direction:  surge forward/through etc//  --The taxi surged forward.//  --The crowd surged through the gates.//\n  2  also surge up :  if a feeling surges or surges up, you begin to feel it very strongly//  --She could feel anger surging inside her.//\n  3 [usually + adverb/preposition] if a large amount of a liquid, electricity, chemical etc surges, it moves very quickly and suddenly:  --A wave surged up towards them.//  --Adrenalin surged through her veins.//\n  4 to suddenly increase:   shoot up//  --Oil prices surged.//\nsurge 2 n [C usually singular] \n  1  a surge of sth:  a sudden, large increase in a feeling//  --a surge of excitement//\n  2 a sudden increase in amount or number:  surge in/of//  --a surge in food costs//  --a surge of reporters’ interest in his finances//\n  3 a sudden movement of a lot of people:  surge of//  --a surge of refugees into the country//\n  4 a sudden quick movement of a liquid, electricity, chemical etc through something:  --a device that protects your computer against electrical surges//


Words: surgeon
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: surgien, from  Old French cirurgien, from  cirurgie;   SURGERY]//  a doctor who does operations in a hospital//    dental surgeon//


Words: Surgeon General
Meaning:
1 the chief medical officer of the US Public Health Service. The Surgeon General is responsible for giving advice about health and finding out whether particular chemicals, foods etc are safe. For example, bottles of alcohol and packages of cigarettes that are sold in the US must have labels with the Surgeon General’s warning. :\n  2 the chief medical officer of the US army, navy, or air force:


Words: surgery
Meaning:
n   plural  surgeries //  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: cirurgie, from  Latin, from  Greek cheirourgia, from  cheirourgos  ’working with the hand’, from  cheir  ’hand’ +  ergon  ’work’]//\n  1 [U] medical treatment in which a surgeon cuts open your body to repair or remove something inside:    operation//  surgery on//  --She required surgery on her right knee.//  surgery for//  -- emergency surgery for chest injuries//  in surgery//  --She was in surgery for two hours Thursday.//  major/minor surgery //  --major heart surgery//  have/undergo surgery //  --He underwent surgery to remove a blood clot.//    cosmetic surgery,  plastic surgery//\n  2 [U]  especially AmE the place where operations are done in a hospital:  American Equivalent:  operating roomBritish Equivalent:  theatre//  --Dr. Hanson is in surgery.//\n  3 [C]  BrE a place where a doctor or dentist gives treatment:  American Equivalent:  office//\n  4 [U]  BrE a regular period each day when people can see a doctor or dentist:  American Equivalent:  office hours//  --Surgery is from 9am - 1pm on weekdays.//\n  5 [C]  BrE a special period of time when people can see a Member of Parliament to discuss problems:


Words: surgical
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: surgeon +  -ical]//\n  1 relating to or used for medical operations:  --surgical techniques//  surgical equipment/instruments/treatment //  --scalpels and other surgical instruments//\n  2  surgical stocking/collar etc:   BrE a stocking etc that someone wears to support a part of their body that is injured or weak//\n  3 done very carefully and in exactly the right place:  -- With surgical precision he cut four inches off the legs of the jeans.//  -- surgically/-kli/ adv //  --The lump was surgically removed .//


Words: surgical spirit
Meaning:
n [U]    BrE a type of alcohol used for cleaning wounds or skin//  American Equivalent:  rubbing alcohol//


Words: surgical strike
Meaning:
n [C]   a carefully planned quick military attack intended to destroy something in a particular place without damaging the surrounding area//


Words: Surinam
Meaning:
Suriname   a country on the northern coast of South America between Guyana and French Guiana, which used to be called Dutch Guiana when it was a  colony of the Netherlands. Population: 434,000 (2001). Capital: Paramaribo.//  -- Surinamese n  adj //


Words: surly
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: sirly  ’like a lord, proud and grand’ (14-17 centuries), from  sir]//  bad-tempered and unfriendly//   sullen//  --a surly teenager//  -- surliness n  [U] //


Words: surmise
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: , past participle of  surmetre  ’to accuse’, from  Latin supermettere  ’to throw on’, from  mittere  ’to send’]//   formal to guess that something is true, using the information you know already//  surmise that//  --When he came in, he didn’t look up, so she surmised that he was in a bad mood.//  -- surmise n  [U and C] //  --Charles was glad to have his surmise confirmed.//


Words: surmount
Meaning:
v [T]  formal   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: surmonter, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  monter  ’to get up on to’]//\n  1 to succeed in dealing with a problem or difficulty:   overcome//  --He has had to surmount immense physical disabilities.//\n  2 [usually passive] to be above or on top of something:  --a tower surmounted by a dome//  -- surmountable adj //


Words: surname
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: sur-  ’above, beyond’ (from  Old French;   SURCHARGE) +  name]//  the name that you share with your parents, or often with your husband if you are a married woman, and which in English comes at the end of your full name//   last name, family name//


Words: surpass
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: surpasser, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  passer  ’to pass’]//  to be even better or greater than someone or something else//  --He had surpassed all our expectations .//  --The number of multiple births has surpassed 100,000 for the first time.//  surpass yourself//   (=do something better than you have ever done before) //  --With this painting he has surpassed himself. (=done better than he has ever done before) //


Words: surpassing
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]    literary much better than that of other people or things//  --a picture of surpassing beauty//


Words: surplice
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: surpliz, from  Medieval Latin superpellicium, from  pellicium  ’coat of animal skins’, from  Latin pellis  ’skin’; because it was worn over fur clothing]//  a piece of clothing made of white material worn over other clothes by priests or singers in church//


Words: surplus
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Medieval Latin superplus, from  Latin plus  ’more’]//\n  1 an amount of something that is more than what is needed or used:   excess//  --Any surplus can be trimmed away.//  surplus of//  --a surplus of crude oil//\n  2 the amount of money that a country or company has left after it has paid for all the things it needs:  --a huge budget surplus of over [hA124]16 billion//    trade surplus//\nsurplus 2 adj \n  1 more than what is needed or used:  --Ethiopia has no surplus food.//  surplus cash/funds/revenues //  --Surplus cash can be invested.//\n  2  be surplus to requirements:   BrE  formal to be no longer necessary//  --He found out he was surplus to requirements in London and left.//


Words: surprise
Meaning:
W2S3   n   ----------//\n   1 event:\n   2 feeling:\n   3 take/catch somebody by surprise:\n   4 take somebody/something by surprise:\n   5 gift/party etc:\n   6 surprise guest/visitor etc:\n   7 surprise!:\n   8 :\n   9 method:  ----------//  [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: , past participle of  surprendre  ’to take over, surprise’, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  prendre  ’to take’]//\n  1 EVENT:   [C] an unexpected or unusual event//    shock//  --What a surprise to find you here!//  surprise visit/announcement/attack etc //  --Naomi paid a surprise visit to her old school in London.//  --a surprise attack at midnight//  come as a surprise (to sb) (=happen unexpectedly) //  --The triumph came as a surprise to many fans.//  -- It should come as no surprise  (=you should expect it to happen) that cycling builds leg strength.//  there is a surprise in store (for sb) (=something unexpected is going to happen to them) //  --If you go to Ontario in summer, you’re in for a few surprises .//\n  2 FEELING:   [U and C] the feeling you have when something unexpected or unusual happens//    shock//  --The man had a look of surprise on his face.//  get/have a surprise //  --She got a surprise when she turned the letter over. It was from Finn.//  in/with surprise//  --Bill looked at him in surprise.//  to sb’s surprise//   (=in a way that surprises someone) //  --Much to his surprise she gave him her phone number.//  --To everyone’s surprise, they got married.//\n  3  take/catch sb by surprise:  to happen unexpectedly//  --The question took her by surprise.//\n  4  take sb/sth by surprise:  to suddenly attack a place or an opponent when they are not ready//  --The guerrillas were killed when army troops took them by surprise.//\n  5 GIFT/PARTY ETC:   [C usually singular] an unexpected present, trip etc which you give to someone or organize for them, often on a special occasion//  surprise for//  --’I’ve got a surprise for you,’ she said.//\n  6  surprise guest/visitor etc:  someone who arrives somewhere unexpectedly//\n  7  surprise!:   spoken used when you are just about to show someone something that you know will surprise them//\n  8 :  a)  surprise, surprise//  used when saying in a joking way that you expected something to happen or be true//  --The American TV networks are, surprise, surprise, full of stories about the election.//  b)  BrE  spoken used when you suddenly appear in front of someone who you know is not expecting to see you//\n  9 METHOD:   [U] the use of methods which are intended to cause surprise//  --An element of surprise is important to any attack.//\nsurprise 2 v [T] \n  1 to make someone feel surprised:    shock//  --His strange question surprised her.//  it surprises sb to see/find/know etc //  --It had surprised me to find how fussy he was about some things.//  --I didn’t know you two knew each other. Mind you, it doesn’t surprise me .//  -- What surprised me most was that she didn’t seem to care.//  it surprises sb (that)//  --Looking back, does it surprise you that she left?//  -- It wouldn’t surprise me if he married Jo.//\n  2 to find, catch, or attack someone when they are not expecting it, especially when they are doing something they should not be doing:  --A security guard surprised the burglars in the storeroom.//


Words: surprised
Meaning:
adj   having a feeling of surprise//  --He looked surprised to see Cassie standing by the front door.//  surprised at/by//  --We were greatly surprised at the news.//  surprised (that)//  --She was surprised that no one was there to greet her.//  surprised to see/hear/learn etc //  --I bet she’ll be really surprised to see me.//  --He had a surprised look on his face.//  -- Don’t be surprised if the interviewer is rather direct.//  -- I wouldn’t be surprised if she married that fellow.//  ----------//  WORD FOCUS: surprised //  very surprised: amazed,  astonished,  astounded,  dumbfounded,  staggered,  flabbergasted,  gobsmacked (BrE informal),  speechless,  be lost for words,  can’t believe your eyes/ears //  See also:  shocked//  ----------//


Words: surprising
Meaning:
W3S3   adj   unusual or unexpected//  --She told me a surprising thing.//  --A surprising number of his paintings have survived.//  it is surprising (that)//  --It is not surprising that most parents experience occasional difficulties.//  it is surprising how/what etc//  --It’s surprising how quickly you get used to things.//  --It is hardly surprising that new mothers often suffer from depression.//  ----------//  WORD FOCUS: surprising //  very surprising: amazing,  extraordinary,  astonishing,  astounding,  staggering,  startling //  ----------//


Words: surprisingly
Meaning:
W3   adv   unusually or unexpectedly//  --The exam was surprisingly easy.//  -- Not surprisingly , with youth unemployment so high, some school-leavers with qualifications fail to find jobs.//


Words: surreal
Meaning:
adj  also surrealistic  literary   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: surrealism]//  a situation or experience that is surreal is very strange and difficult to understand, like something from a dream//  --The house was a surreal mixture of opulence and decay.//


Words: surrealism
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: French; Origin: surrealisme, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  realisme  ’realism’]//  20th century art or literature in which the artist or writer connects unrelated images and objects in a strange way//  -- surrealist adj //  --a surrealist painting//  -- surrealist n  [C] //


Words: surrealistic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 seeming very strange because of a combination of many unusual, unrelated events, images etc:\n  2 relating to surrealism:  -- surrealistically/-kli/ adv //


Words: surrender
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: surrendre, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  rendre  ’to give back, yield’]//\n  1 [I and T] to say officially that you want to stop fighting or to stop avoiding the police, government etc because you realize that you cannot win:  --The terrorists were given ten minutes to surrender.//  surrender to sb//  --Thousands of illegal immigrants in Japan have surrendered to police.//  surrender yourself (to sb)//  --He immediately surrendered himself to the authorities.//\n  2 [T] to give your soldiers, land or weapons to an enemy after you have been defeated:  --They were given two hours to surrender their weapons.//\n  3 [T] to give up something or someone because you are forced to:  --Cath was most reluctant to surrender her independence.//  --Marchers who had cameras were forced to surrender their film.//\n  4  surrender to sth:  to allow yourself to be controlled or influenced by something//  --Colette surrendered to temptation and took out a cigarette.//\n  5 [T]  formal to give something such as a ticket or a passport to an official:  surrender sth to sb//  --Steir voluntarily surrendered his license to the State.//\nsurrender 2 n [singular, U] \n  1 when you say officially that you want to stop fighting because you realize that you cannot win:  --the humiliation of unconditional surrender  (=accepting total defeat) //  surrender to sb/sth//  --the Nazis’ surrender to the Allied forces//\n  2 when you give away something or someone, usually because you are forced to:  surrender of//  --a surrender of power//  --the surrender of all illegal weapons//\n  3 when you allow yourself to be controlled or influenced by something:  --total surrender to drug addiction//


Words: surreptitious
Meaning:
adj   done secretly or quickly because you do not want other people to notice//  --Rory tried to sneak a surreptitious glance at Adam’s wristwatch.//  -- surreptitiously adv //  -- surreptitiousness n  [U] //


Words: Surrey
Meaning:
a  county in southeast England which is one of the  Home Counties. Many of the people who live there travel to London every day to work, and most people think of Surrey as a wealthy, mainly  middle-class area.//


Words: surrey
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Surrey, English county where it was first made]//   AmE a light carriage with two seats, which was pulled by a horse and was used in the past//


Words: surrogate
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   a surrogate person or thing is one that takes the place of someone or something else//  --William was acting as a surrogate father for his brother’s son.//\nsurrogate 2 n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of  surrogare  ’to ask in place of another’, from  sub- (  SUB-) +  rogare  ’to ask’]//\n  1 a person or thing that takes the place of someone or something else:  surrogate for//  --Bright-light therapy is used as a surrogate for sunshine.//\n  2 a surrogate mother:


Words: surrogate mother
Meaning:
also surrogate  n [C]   a woman who has a baby for another woman who cannot have one, and then gives her the baby after it is born//


Words: surround
Meaning:
W2   v [T]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: suronder  ’to overflow, flood’, from  Late Latin superundare, from  Latin unda  ’wave’]//\n  1 [usually passive] to be all around someone or something on every side:  be surrounded by sth//  --The field was surrounded by trees.//  --He glared at the people who surrounded the tent.//\n  2  be surrounded by sb/sth:  to have a lot of a particular type of people or things near you//  --He’s always been surrounded by people who adore him.//\n  3 if police or soldiers surround a place, they arrange themselves in positions all the way around it:  --Armed police surrounded a house in the High Street.//\n  4 to be closely related to a situation or event:  --Some of the issues surrounding alcohol abuse are very complex.//  --Silence and secrecy surround the murder.//\n  5  surround yourself with sb/sth:  to choose to have certain people or things near you all the time//  --The designer surrounded himself with exquisite objects.//\nsurround 2 n [C]   an area around the edge of something, especially one that is decorated or made of a different material//  --a solid mahogany fire surround//


Words: surround-sound
Meaning:
surround sound n [U]   a system of four or more speakers (=pieces of equipment that sound comes out of)  used so that sounds from a film or television programme come from all directions//  -- surround-sound adj  [only before noun] //  --surround-sound speakers//


Words: surrounding
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   near or around a particular place//   nearby//  --Troops sealed off the surrounding area .//  --We decided to explore the surrounding countryside .//


Words: surroundings
Meaning:
n [plural]   the objects, buildings, natural things etc that are around a person or thing at a particular time//  sb’s surroundings//  --He switched on the light and examined his surroundings.//  --I need to work in pleasant surroundings.//


Words: surtax
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: surtaxe, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  taxe  ’tax’]//  an additional tax on money you earn if it is higher than a particular amount//


Words: surveillance
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: surveiller  ’to watch over’, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  veiller  ’to watch’ (from  Latin vigil;   VIGIL)]//\n  1 when the police, army, etc watch a person or place carefully because they may be connected with criminal activities:  surveillance of//  --24-hour surveillance of the building//  under surveillance//  --They were under constant close surveillance day and night.//  --The suspects were kept under surveillance .//  --electronic surveillance equipment//\n  2 when one country watches the military activities of another country to see what they are planning to do:  --a surveillance mission//  --surveillance aircraft//\n  3 when doctors, health departments etc watch an ill person or watch the development of a disease in a population:  under surveillance//  --Diane was placed under psychiatric surveillance.//


Words: survey
Meaning:
W3S3   n [C] \n  1 a set of questions that you ask a large number of people in order to find out about their opinions or behaviour:  carry out/conduct a survey (=do a survey) //  --We conducted a survey of parents in the village.//  survey of//  --survey of US businesses//  survey shows/reveals (that) //  --The survey showed that Britain’s trees are in good health.//\n  2 an examination of an area of land in order to make a map of it:\n  3  BrE an examination of a house or other building done especially for someone who wants to buy it:\n  4 a general description or report about a particular subject or situation:  --a survey of modern English literature//\nsurvey 2   v [T]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: surveeir  ’to look over’, from  sur- (  SURCHARGE) +  veeir  ’to see’]//\n  1 [usually passive] to ask a large number of people questions in order to find out their attitudes or opinions:  --Of the 100 companies surveyed, 10 per cent had a turnover of [hA124]50m to [hA124]99m.//\n  2 to look at or consider someone or something carefully, especially in order to form an opinion about them:  --She turned to survey her daughter’s pale face.//  --They got out of the car to survey the damage.//\n  3  BrE to examine the condition of a house or other building and make a report on it, especially for people who want to buy it:\n  4 to examine and measure an area of land and record the details on a map:  --There were many voyages to survey the ocean depths in the nineteenth century.//


Words: survey course
Meaning:
n [C]    AmE a university course that gives an introduction to a subject for people who have not studied it before//


Words: surveyor
Meaning:
n [C]   someone whose job is to examine the condition of a building, or to measure and record the details of an area of land//    quantity surveyor//


Words: survival
Meaning:
W3   n \n  1 [U] the state of continuing to live or exist:  survival of//  --Illegal hunting is threatening the survival of the species.//  --The doctors gave him a one-in-ten chance of survival .//  --A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival  (=work hard in order to continue to exist) .//\n  2  survival of the fittest:  a situation in which only the strongest and most successful people or things continue to exist//\n  3  a survival from sth:   especially  BrE something that has continued to exist from a much earlier period, especially when similar things have disappeared//   relic//  --The cult is a survival from the old Zoroastrian religion.//


Words: survival kit
Meaning:
n [C]   a set of things in a special container that you need to help you stay alive if you get hurt or lost//


Words: survive
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: survivre  ’to live longer than’, from  Latin supervivere, from  vivere  ’to live’]//\n  1 [I and T] to continue to live after an accident, war, or illness:  --Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.//  --She survived the attack.//  --people who survive cancer//\n  2 [I and T] to continue to live normally in spite of many problems:  --I’m sure she will survive this crisis.//  --I’ve had a tough few months, but I’ll survive.//\n  3 [I] to manage to live a normal life even though you have very little money:  survive on//  --I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary.//  --the amount that a family needs each week just to survive//\n  4 [I] to continue to exist after a long time:  --A few pages of the original manuscript still survive.//  survive from//  --Several buildings in the town have survived from medieval times.//  survive into//  --an old custom which has survived into the twenty-first century//  survive as//  --The main building was demolished, but the library still survives as a museum.//\n  5 [I and T] to continue to be successful:  --The car industry cannot survive without government help.//  --A lot of smaller firms did not survive the recession.//\n  6 [T] to live longer than someone else, usually someone closely related to you:  --He is survived by his wife, Sue.//


Words: survivor
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 someone who continues to live after an accident, war, or illness:  survivor of//  --Emergency help is needed for survivors of the earthquake.//  --She was the sole survivor  (=only survivor) of the massacre.//\n  2 someone who manages to live normally in spite of many problems:  --Don’t worry about Kurt; he’s a survivor.//\n  3 someone who continues to live after other members of their family have died:  --She was the last survivor of the family.//\n  4 a company that continues to be successful in spite of many problems:  --The company hopes to be one of the survivors of this recession.//


Words: susceptibility
Meaning:
n   plural  susceptibilities //\n  1 [U and C] how easily someone or something is affected by something:  susceptibility to//  --One of the side effects of the drug is an increased susceptibility to infections.//\n  2  sb’s susceptibilities:   formal someone’s feelings, especially when they are easily offended or upset//  --I knew I would have to be careful not to offend their susceptibilities .//


Words: susceptible
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: susceptibilis, from  Latin suscipere  ’to take up, admit’, from  sub-  ’up’ +  capere  ’to take’]//\n  1 likely to suffer from a particular illness or be affected by a particular problem:    immune//  susceptible to//  --Older people are more susceptible to infections.//  --Soil on the mountain slopes is very susceptible to erosion.//\n  2 a susceptible person is easily influenced or attracted by someone or something:   impressionable//  --A lot of TV advertising is aimed at susceptible young children.//  susceptible to//  --She was very susceptible to flattery.//\n  3  susceptible of sth:   formal if something is susceptible of an action, that action can be done to it//  --Working conditions are susceptible of improvement by legislation.//


Words: sushi
Meaning:
n [U]   chopstick//  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Japanese]//  a Japanese dish that consists of small cakes of cooked rice served with raw fish//


Words: suspect
Meaning:
W3S2   v [T not in progressive]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: suspectare, from the past participle of  suspicere  ’to look up at, admire, distrust’, from  sub-  ’up, secretly’ +  specere  ’to look at’]//\n  1 to think that something is probably true, especially something bad:  suspect (that)//  --I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.//  --She strongly suspected he was lying to her.//  --She’s not going to be very happy about this, I suspect .//\n  2 to think that something bad has happened or is happening:  --The doctors suspected pneumonia.//  suspect murder/foul play //  --The position of the body led the police to suspect murder.//  suspect sth/nothing/anything //  --He never suspected anything.//\n  3 to think that someone is probably guilty of a crime:  --Who do you suspect?//  suspect sb of (doing) sth//  --He’s suspected of murder.//  --Pilcher was suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy.//\n  4 to think that something is not honest or true:  --I began to suspect his motives in inviting me.//\nsuspect 2   n [C] \n  1 someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime:  --Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery.//  --Police have issued a description of the murder suspect.//  suspect for//  --the two suspects for the robbery//  suspect in//  --a suspect in a burglary case//  main/prime/chief suspect //  --Davies is still the chief suspect.//\n  2  the usual suspects:  the people or things that are usually involved in or responsible for a particular activity//  --a wine shop stocking all the usual suspects: wines from California, France, Australia//\nsuspect 3 adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin, past participle of  suspicere;   SUSPECT1]//\n  1 not likely to be completely honest:   dodgy//  --I’ve always thought he was a bit of a suspect character.//  --The company was involved in some highly suspect business dealings.//\n  2 not likely to be completely true:  --The two men were convicted on the basis of some highly suspect evidence.//\n  3 likely to have problems and not work well:  --The engine sounded a bit suspect.//\n  4 [only before noun] likely to contain a bomb or something illegal or dangerous:  --Police were called in to check out a suspect van.//


Words: suspected
Meaning:
adj [only before noun] \n  1  suspected burglar/terrorist/spy etc:  someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime//  --a suspected child killer//\n  2 if you have a suspected illness or injury, doctors think that you might have it but do not know for certain:  --He was taken to hospital after a suspected heart attack.//


Words: suspend
Meaning:
v [T]   ----------//\n   1 stop:\n   2 leave a job/school:\n   3 hang:\n   4 suspend judgment:\n   5 suspend disbelief:\n   6 be suspended in something:  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: suspendre  ’to hang up, interrupt’, from  Latin suspendere, from  sub-  ’up’ +  pendere  ’to hang’]//\n  1 STOP:  to officially stop something from continuing, especially for a short time//  --Sales of the drug will be suspended until more tests are completed.//  --Talks between the two countries have now been suspended.//\n  2 LEAVE A JOB/SCHOOL:  to make someone leave their school or job for a short time, especially because they have broken the rules//  --The two police officers have been suspended until an enquiry is carried out.//  suspend sb from sth//  --Dave was suspended from school for a week.//\n  3 HANG:   formal to attach something to a high place so that it hangs down//  suspend sth from sth//  --A large light was suspended from the ceiling.//  suspend sth by sth//  --He was suspended by his feet and beaten with metal bars.//\n  4  suspend judgment:  to decide not to make a firm decision or judgment about something until you know more about it//\n  5  suspend disbelief:  to try to believe that something is true, for example when you are watching a film or play//\n  6  be suspended in sth:   technical if something is suspended in a liquid or in air, it floats in it without moving//


Words: suspended animation
Meaning:
n [U] \n  1 a state in which a person or creature is unconscious and their body works very slowly, but from which they can wake up when the situation is right:\n  2 a feeling that you cannot do anything because you are waiting for something to happen:


Words: suspended sentence
Meaning:
n [C]   a punishment given by a court in which a criminal is told they will be sent to prison if they do anything else illegal within the time mentioned//  --a two-year suspended sentence//


Words: suspender
Meaning:
n \n  1 [C usually plural]  BrE a part of a piece of women’s underwear that hangs down and can be attached to stockings to hold them up:  American Equivalent:  garter//\n  2  suspenders [plural]  AmE two bands of cloth that go over your shoulders and fasten to your trousers to hold them up:  British Equivalent:  braces//


Words: suspender belt
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE a piece of women’s underwear with suspenders joined to it//  American Equivalent:  garter belt//


Words: suspense
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: suspendre;   SUSPEND]//  a feeling of excitement or anxiety when you do not know what will happen next//    tension//  in suspense//  --They kept us in suspense for over two hours.//  --Come on then, tell me what happened; the suspense is killing me  (=I feel very excited or anxious because I do not know what will happen next) .//  --She couldn’t bear the suspense a moment longer.//  suspense novel/story/movie etc (=one which is exciting because you do not know what will happen next) //


Words: suspension
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 stopping something:\n   2 making somebody leave:\n   3 part of a vehicle:\n   4 liquid:  ----------//\n  1 STOPPING SOMETHING:   [U] when something is officially stopped for a period of time//  suspension of//  --Both sides are now working towards a suspension of hostilities.//\n  2 MAKING SOMEBODY LEAVE:   [C] when someone is not allowed to go to school, do their job, or take part in an activity for a period of time as a punishment//  --He received a six-month suspension for unprofessional behaviour.//  suspension from//  --The fight led to his suspension from school.//\n  3 PART OF A VEHICLE:   [U] a part attached to the wheels of a vehicle that makes it more comfortable on roads that are not smooth//  --a car with an excellent suspension system//\n  4 LIQUID:   [C]  technical a liquid mixture in which very small pieces of solid material are contained in the liquid but have not combined with it//


Words: suspension bridge
Meaning:
n [C]   a bridge that has no supports under it, but is hung from strong steel ropes fixed to towers//


Words: suspicion
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Latin; Origin: suspicio, from  suspicere;   SUSPECT1]//\n  1 [U and C] a feeling you have that someone is probably guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest:  --I can’t say for definite who did it, but I certainly have my suspicions .//  --Police suspicions were confirmed when the stolen property was found in his flat.//  --I wondered how I could leave early without arousing anyone’s suspicions .//  on suspicion of (doing) sth//  --She was arrested on suspicion of murder.//  under suspicion//  --He felt he was still under suspicion.//  --Mitchell later came under suspicion of assaulting two young girls.//  above/beyond suspicion//  --She felt that she ought to be above suspicion (=so honest that no one could think that she had done anything wrong) .//\n  2 [U and C] a feeling that you do not trust someone:  --She always treated us with suspicion .//  --People moving into the area are often regarded with suspicion .//\n  3 [C] a feeling you have that something is true, especially something bad:  suspicion (that)//  --I have a suspicion that the local authority may be planning to close the school.//  --She was left with a sneaking suspicion  (=a small suspicion) that Steven was not telling the truth.//\n  4  a suspicion of sth:   formal a very small amount of something that you can only just see, hear, or taste//  --I could see the faintest suspicion of a tear in her eyes.//


Words: suspicious
Meaning:
S3   adj \n  1 thinking that someone might be guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest:  suspicious of//  --Some of his colleagues at work became suspicious of his behaviour.//  suspicious about//  --They were suspicious about my past.//  --His reluctance to answer my questions made me suspicious .//  --She gave him a suspicious glance.//  --You’ve got a very suspicious mind!//\n  2 making you think that something bad or illegal is happening:  --They found a suspicious package under the seat.//  --a suspicious death//  --He was behaving in a highly suspicious manner.//  --a suspicious-looking character//  sth/anything/nothing suspicious //  --Call the police if you see anything suspicious.//  --Her mother had died in suspicious circumstances .//\n  3 feeling that you do not trust someone or something:   wary//  suspicious of//  --She was always suspicious of strangers.//  --He was deeply suspicious of the legal system.//


Words: suspiciously
Meaning:
adv \n  1 in a way that shows you think someone has done something wrong or dishonest:  --Meg looked at me suspiciously.//  --’What do you want it for?’ he asked suspiciously.//\n  2 in a way that makes people think that something bad or illegal is happening:  --He saw two youths acting suspiciously .//  --He seemed to be taking a suspiciously long time.//  --This sounded suspiciously like an attempt to get rid of me.//\n  3 in a way that shows you do not trust something or someone:  --They eyed the food suspiciously.//


Words: suss
Meaning:
sth → out  [T]    BrE  informal to realize or discover something, or to find out the things that you need to know about someone or something//  --He finally sussed out the truth.//  suss (that)//  --I soon sussed that she wasn’t telling the truth.//


Words: sussed
Meaning:
adj  BrE  informal   knowing all about someone or something//  --These boys are sussed and streetwise.//  have/get sb/sth sussed //  --Don’t worry, I’ve got him sussed.//


Words: Sussex
Meaning:
an area and former  county on the south coast of England, divided since 1974 into East Sussex and West Sussex. It has many attractive small villages, and people think of it as a wealthy, mainly  middle-class area.//


Words: sustain
Meaning:
W3   v [T]   ----------//\n   1 make something continue:\n   2 suffer:\n   3 food/drink:\n   4 give strength:\n   5 weight:\n   6 idea:  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: sustenir, from  Latin sustinere  ’to hold up, sustain’, from  sub-  ’up’ +  tenere  ’to hold’]//\n  1 MAKE SOMETHING CONTINUE:  to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time//   maintain//  --She found it difficult to sustain the children’s interest.//  --He was incapable of sustaining close relationships with women.//  --the policies necessary to sustain economic growth//    sustained//\n  2 SUFFER:   formal to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money//  --Two of the fire-fighters sustained serious injuries.//  --Some nearby buildings sustained minor damage.//  --The company has sustained heavy financial losses this year.//\n  3 FOOD/DRINK:   formal if food or drink sustains a person, animal, or plant, it makes them able to continue living//  --They gave me barely enough food to sustain me.//\n  4 GIVE STRENGTH:   formal to make someone feel strong and hopeful//  --The thought of seeing her again was all that sustained me.//\n  5 WEIGHT:   formal to hold up the weight of something//   support//  --He leant against her so heavily that she could barely sustain his weight.//\n  6 IDEA:   formal to support an idea or argument, or prove that it is right//  --This argument is difficult to sustain.//


Words: sustainable
Meaning:
adj \n  1 able to continue without causing damage to the environment:  --The government should do more to promote sustainable agriculture.//  --the sustainable use of rainforest resources//  --Cycling is a totally sustainable form of transport.//  -- environmentally sustainable development//\n  2 able to continue for a long time:  --The party is promising low inflation and sustainable economic growth.//  -- sustainability/s[hA353]ste[hA366]n[hA353]b[hA366]l[hA369]ti/ n  [U] //


Words: sustained
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   continuing for a long time//  --a period of sustained economic development//  --a sustained attack on the government//


Words: sustenance
Meaning:
n [U]  formal   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: sustenir;   SUSTAIN]//\n  1 food that people or animals need in order to live:  --Without sustenance, the animals will soon die.//  --Potatoes were their only means of sustenance.//\n  2 when something is made to continue:  --Elections are necessary for the sustenance of democracy.//


Words: Sutherland
Meaning:
Dame Joan   (1926- ) an Australian  opera singer, who is one of the most important  sopranos (=women with high singing voices)  of the 20th century. She is known as  La Stupenda because of the great beauty of her singing, and she sang in opera houses all over the world from the 1950s to the 1980s.//\n Graham   (1903-80) a British artist, famous especially for his picture of Winston  Churchill, which Lady Churchill (Churchill’s wife) later burned because she did not like it//


Words: Sutton Hoo
Meaning:
a place in Suffolk, eastern England, where people digging in 1939 found a 7th century Saxon ship with weapons, jewellery, and other things believed to have been buried with a king//


Words: suture
Meaning:
n [C]  medical   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin sutura, from  suere  ’to sew’]//  a stitch that is used to sew a wound together//  -- suture v  [T] //


Words: SUV
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE   sport-utility vehicle a type of vehicle that is bigger than a car and is made for travelling over rough ground//


Words: Suwannee
Meaning:
the Suwannee//   also  the Swanee//  a river in the south of the US, flowing through Georgia and Florida to the Gulf of Mexico, and made famous by the old song ’Swanee River’ by Stephen Foster//


Words: suzerainty
Meaning:
n [U]  formal   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: suzerainte, from an unrecorded  Old French suserain  ’ruler’, from  sus  ’up’ +  -erain (as in  soverain  ’sovereign’)]//  the right of a country or leader to rule over another country//


Words: Suzuki method
Meaning:
the  trademark   a system of teaching young children to play the  violin, by making them copy the music teacher, often taught in very large classes//


Words: svelte
Meaning:
adj  literary   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: Italian svelto  ’stretched’, from  svellere  ’to pull out’]//  thin and graceful//   lithe//  --She was slim, svelte, and sophisticated.//


Words: Svengali
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: Svengali, character who uses hypnotism to get control over people in the book Trilby (1894) by George Du Maurier]//  a man who has the power to control people’s minds and make them do bad or immoral things//


Words: swab
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin:  Probably from early  Dutch swabbe]//\n  1 a small piece of material used to clean a wound or take a small amount of a substance from someone’s body in order to test it:  --a cotton swab//\n  2 a small amount of a substance that is taken from someone’s body with a swab in order to test it:  --The doctor took a throat swab to check for infection.//\nswab 2   past tense and past participle  swabbed present participle  swabbing  v [T] //\n  1  also swab sth → down :  to clean something using a large amount of water//  --a girl who was swabbing the tiled floor with a mop//\n  2 to clean a wound with a small piece of special material:


Words: swaddle
Meaning:
v [T]  old-fashioned   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin:  Probably from  sweddle  ’to swaddle’ (13-17 centuries), from  Old English swethel  ’swaddling clothes’]//  to wrap a baby tightly to keep it warm and protect it//


Words: swaddling clothes
Meaning:
n [plural]    old use large pieces of cloth that people used to wrap around babies to keep them warm and protect them//


Words: swag
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: swag  ’to sway, hang down’ (16-19 centuries), probably from a  Scandinavian language]//\n  1 [U]  old-fashioned  informal goods that someone has stolen:   loot//\n  2 [C] :  a) a large piece of material that is hung above a window as decoration//  b) a rope covered with flowers or fruit that is hung somewhere as decoration, or carved or painted on something//\n  3 [U]  AusE  old-fashioned clothes and possessions that someone who is travelling on foot carries wrapped in a cloth:


Words: swagger
Meaning:
preposition]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Probably from  swag (verb) (  SWAG) +  -er (as in  chatter)]//  to walk proudly, swinging your shoulders in a way that shows you are very confident - used to show disapproval//  --He swaggered over towards me.//\nswagger 2 n [singular, U]   a way of walking, talking, or behaving that shows you are very confident - used in order to show disapproval//  --He walked in with a swagger.//


Words: swain
Meaning:
n [C]  old use   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old Norse; Origin: sveinn  ’boy, servant’]//  a young man from the country who loves a woman//


Words: swallow
Meaning:
S3   v   ----------//\n   1 food:\n   2 nervously:\n   3 believe/accept:\n   4 feelings:\n   5 swallow your pride:  Phrasal verbs//   swallow somebody/something → up//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swelgan]//\n  1 FOOD:   [I and T] to make food or drink go down your throat and towards your stomach//  --He swallowed the last of his coffee and asked for the bill.//  --Most snakes swallow their prey whole .//\n  2 NERVOUSLY:   [I] to make some of the liquid in your mouth go down your throat because you are frightened or nervous//  --Leo swallowed hard and walked into the room.//  --She swallowed nervously before beginning.//\n  3 BELIEVE/ACCEPT:   [T]  informal to believe a story, explanation etc that is not actually true//  --Do they really think we are stupid enough to swallow that?//  --I found his story a bit hard to swallow  (=difficult to believe) .//\n  4 FEELINGS:   [T] to stop yourself from showing a feeling, especially anger//  --She swallowed her anger and turned to face him.//\n  5  swallow your pride:  to do something even though it is embarrassing for you, because you have no choice//  --I swallowed my pride and phoned him.//    a bitter pill (to swallow) at bitter1 (7)//  swallow up [swallow sb/sth → up] phr v//\n  1 if a company or country is swallowed up by a larger one, it becomes part of it and no longer exists on its own:  --Hundreds of small companies have been swallowed up by these huge multinationals.//\n  2  written if something is swallowed up, it disappears because something covers it or hides it:  --Jane was soon swallowed up in the crowd.//  --The countryside is gradually being swallowed up by new developments.//\n  3 if an amount of money is swallowed up, you have to spend it to pay for things:  --The extra cash was soon swallowed up.//\nswallow 2 n [C]   [Sense: 1; Origin: Old English swealwe]//  [Sense: 2; Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  SWALLOW1]//\n  1 a small black and white bird that comes to northern countries in the summer:\n  2 an action in which you make food or drink go down your throat:  --He downed his whisky in one swallow.//


Words: Swallows and Amazons
Meaning:
(1930) the first book in a series of popular novels for children by the British writer Arthur  Ransome, about the adventures of a group of children sailing, camping, and looking after themselves in the  Lake District in northern England//


Words: swami
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Hindi; Origin: svami, from  Sanskrit svamin  ’owner, ruler’, from  sva  ’one’s own’]//  a Hindu religious teacher//


Words: swamp
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: sump  ’swamp’ (15-20 centuries);   SUMP]//  land that is always very wet or covered with a layer of water//  -- swampy adj //  --the soft, swampy ground//\nswamp 2 v [T] \n  1 [usually in passive] to suddenly give someone a lot of work, problems etc to deal with:  be swamped by/with sth//  --We’ve been swamped with phone calls since the advert appeared.//\n  2 [usually in passive] to go somewhere or surround something in large numbers, especially in a short period of time:  be swamped by/with sth//  --In the summer the village is swamped by visitors.//\n  3 to suddenly cover an area with a lot of water:  --Huge waves swamped the vessel.//


Words: swan
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin:]//  a large white bird with a long neck that lives on rivers and lakes//\nswan 2   past tense and past participle  swanned present participle  swanning  v [I always + adverb/preposition] //   BrE  informal to enjoy yourself and behave in a relaxed way that is annoying to other people//  swan off/around//  --He’s gone swanning off to Rome for the weekend!//


Words: Swan Lake
Meaning:
(1877) a  ballet with music by  Tchaikovsky. It tells the story of Prince Siegfried who falls in love with a  swan (=a large white bird)  which changes into the beautiful Princess Odette. At the end of the ballet, Odette dies of unhappiness and disappears under the water of the lake, and the music from this scene, called "The Dying Swan", is very well-known.//


Words: Swanee
Meaning:
1  the Swanee:  another name for  Suwannee//\n  2  go down the Swanee:   BrE  informal if a plan goes down the Swanee, it fails or does not happen in the way you intended//


Words: swank
Meaning:
v [I]    BrE  old-fashioned to speak or behave in a way that shows you think you are better than other people//  --I wish you’d stop swanking!//\nswank 2 n  BrE  old-fashioned   [U] proud, confident behaviour that shows you think you are better than other people//


Words: swanky
Meaning:
adj  informal   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: swank  ’to behave showily and boastfully’ (19-21 centuries), perhaps from  Middle High German swanken  ’to move unsteadily from one side to another’]//  very fashionable and expensive//  --eating meals at swanky hotels//


Words: Swansea
Meaning:
a city in Wales that was once an industrial port used for coal, and is now attractive to tourists for the nearby mountains of the Brecon Beacons//


Words: swansong
Meaning:
n [C]   the last piece of work that an artist or writer produces, or the last time someone gives a performance//  --This concert will be her swansong.//\nswap 1 S3  swop/sw[hA361]p $ sw[hA35A][hA359]p/ v  BrE   past tense and past participle  swapped present participle  swapping //  [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: swap  ’to hit’ (14-19 centuries), from the sound; from the practice of striking the hands together when agreeing a business deal]//\n  1 [I and T] to give something to someone and get something in return:   exchange//  --Do you want to swap umbrellas?//  swap sth for sth//  --He swapped his watch for a box of cigars.//  swap sth with sb//  --The girls chatted and swapped clothes with each other.//\n  2 [T] to tell information to someone and be given information in return:   exchange//  --We need to get together to swap ideas and information.//  --They sat in a corner and swapped gossip.//\n  3  also swap over :   [T] to do the thing that someone else has been doing, and let them do the thing that you have been doing//   change//  --They decided to swap roles for the day.//  --You start on the windows and I’ll do the walls, then we can swap over after an hour or so.//  swap sth with sb//  --She ended up swapping jobs with her secretary.//\n  4 [T] to stop using or get rid of one thing and put or get another thing in its place:  --The driver announced that we would have to swap buses.//  swap sth for sth//  --She had swapped her long skirts for jeans and T shirts.//  --He swapped his London home for a cottage in Scotland.//\n  5  also swap sth around :   [T] to move one thing and put another in its place//  --Someone had gone into the nursery and swapped all the babies around.//  swap sth with sth//  --Why don’t we swap the TV with the bookcase?//\n  6  swap places:   BrE to let someone sit or stand in your place, so that you can have their place//   change places//  --Can we swap places, please?//\nswap 2 n [C]  informal \n  1 [usually singular] a situation in which you give something to someone and get another thing in return:   exchange//  --a fair swap//  --We can do a swap if you like.//\n  2 a situation in which people each do the job that the other usually does:


Words: SWAPO
Meaning:
the South-West Africa People’s Organization a political party which began when Namibia was called South West Africa, and which sometimes used violence to achieve its aim. When Namibia finally gained its independence from South Africa, SWAPO won the first free elections there in 1989, and won power again in the 1994 elections.//


Words: swarm
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: swearm]//\n  1 a large group of insects, especially bees, moving together:\n  2 a crowd of people who are moving quickly:  swarm of//  --Swarms of tourists jostled through the square.//\nswarm 2 v [I] \n  1 [always + adverb/preposition] if people swarm somewhere, they go there as a large, uncontrolled crowd:  --Photographers were swarming around the princess.//\n  2 if bees swarm, they leave a hive (=place where they live)  in a large group to look for another home:  swarm with / [swarm with sb/sth] phr v//  to be full of a moving crowd of people or animals//  --The museum was swarming with tourists.//


Words: swarthy
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: swarty  ’swarthy’ (16-19 centuries), from  swart  ’dark, swarthy’ (11-20 centuries), from  Old English sweart]//  someone who is swarthy has dark skin//  --a small, swarthy man//  --a swarthy complexion//


Words: swashbuckling
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: swashbuckler  ’noisy boastful fighter’ (16-20 centuries), from  swash  ’to wave around or hit noisily’ (15-20 centuries) (probably from the sound) +  buckler]//  relating to adventures in which people do brave, exciting things and fight against their enemies with swords//  --a swashbuckling hero//  --a swashbuckling tale of pirates//  -- swashbuckler n  [C] //


Words: swastika
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Sanskrit; Origin: svastika, from  svasti  ’being well, good luck’]//  a sign consisting of a cross with each end bent at 90[hA13B], used as a sign for the Nazi Party in Germany//


Words: swat
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  swatted present participle  swatting  [T] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: squat in its original meaning  ’to crush’ (13-19 centuries)]//  to hit an insect in order to kill it//  --He calmly swatted a couple of flies.//  -- swat n  [C] //


Words: SWAT team
Meaning:
n [C]  especially AmE   Special Weapons and Tactics team a specially trained group of police who deal with the most dangerous and violent situations//


Words: swatch
Meaning:
n [C]   a small piece of cloth that people can look at when they are choosing cloth for clothes or for their home//


Words: swathe
Meaning:
[C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: sw[zB024]th  ’footstep, track’]//\n  1 a long thin area of something, especially land:  swathe of//  --The bomb had left a swathe of the town centre in ruins.//  --A swathe of sunlight lay across the floor.//\n  2 a long thin area of grass or plants that has been cut down:  --We cut a swathe through the dense undergrowth.//\n  3  cut a swathe through sth:  to destroy a large amount or part of something//\nswathe 2 v [T usually in passive]  literary   [Language: Old English; Origin: swathian]//  to wrap or cover something in something//  --women swathed in expensive furs//  --The moon was swathed in mist.//


Words: sway
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Probably from a  Scandinavian language]//\n  1 [I] to move slowly from one side to another:  --The trees swayed gently in the breeze.//\n  2 [T] to influence someone so that they change their opinion:  --Don’t allow yourself to be swayed by his promises.//\nsway 2 n [U] \n  1  literary power to rule or influence people:  --These old attitudes still hold sway in the church.//  under sb’s sway//  --She was now completely under his sway.//\n  2 a swinging movement from side to side:  --the sway of the ship//


Words: Swaziland
Meaning:
a country in southeast Africa between South Africa and Mozambique. Population: 1,104,000 (2001). Capital: Mbabane.//


Words: swear
Meaning:
S2   v   past tense  swore /sw[hA350][hA359] $ sw[hA350][hA359]r/past participle  sworn /sw[hA350][hA359]n $ sw[hA350][hA359]rn///  ----------//\n   1 offensive language:\n   2 promise:\n   3 state the truth:\n   4 somebody could have sworn (that) ...:\n   5 public promise:\n   6 swear somebody to secrecy/silence:  Phrasal verbs//   swear by something//   swear somebody → in//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swerian]//\n  1 OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE:   [I] to use rude and offensive language//  --Don’t swear in front of the children.//  swear at//  --He turned round and swore at me.//\n  2 PROMISE:   [T] to promise that you will do something//  swear (that)//  --Victor swore he would get his revenge.//  swear to do sth//  --Mona swore never to return home.//  --Do you swear on your honour  (=promise very strongly) that you will never tell anyone?//\n  3 STATE THE TRUTH:   [I and T]  informal to say very strongly that what you are saying is true//  --I never touched your purse, I swear!//  swear (that)//  --He says he was there all the time, but I swear I never saw him.//  swear blind  BrE  (=say very strongly) //  --She swore blind that she had never seen him before.//  --I never touched her, I swear to God .//  --I think it was about ten o’clock when we left, but I couldn’t swear to it  (=I am not certain) .//\n  4  sb could have sworn (that) ...:  used to say that someone was sure about something but now they think they were wrong//  --I could have sworn I had my keys.//\n  5 PUBLIC PROMISE:   [I and T] to make a public official promise, especially in a court of law//  swear on//  --Witnesses have to swear on the Bible.//  --Remember that you have sworn an oath and so must tell the truth//  --Presidents must swear allegiance to the US constitution.//\n  6  swear sb to secrecy/silence:  to make someone promise not to tell anyone what you have told them//  -- swearing n  [U] //  --He was cautioned for swearing.//  --lots of shouting and swearing//  swear by [swear by sth] phr v//  to have great confidence in how good or effective something is//  --He swears by vitamin C pills.//  swear in [swear sb → in] phr v//  if someone with a new public job or position is sworn in, they make an official promise to do their duty well//  --The new governor will be sworn in next week.//  --The jury have not yet been sworn in.//


Words: swearing-in
Meaning:
n [singular]   a ceremony in which someone with a new public job or position officially promises to do their duty well//


Words: sweat
Meaning:
v   ----------//\n   1 liquid from skin:\n   2 work:\n   3 worry:\n   4 don’t sweat it:\n   5 don’t sweat the small stuff:\n   6 produce liquid:\n   7 cook:  Phrasal verbs//   sweat something → off//   sweat something → out//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: sw[zB024]tan, from  swat  ’sweat’ (noun)]//\n  1 LIQUID FROM SKIN:   [I] to have drops of salty liquid coming out through your skin because you are hot, ill, frightened, or doing exercise//   perspire//  --I was sweating a lot despite the air-conditioning.//  sweat heavily/profusely (=sweat a lot) //  --Within minutes she was sweating profusely.//  sweat like a pig/sweat buckets  informal  (=sweat a lot) //  --basketball players sweating buckets//\n  2 WORK:   [I]  informal to work hard//  --They sweated and saved for ten years to buy a house.//  sweat over//  --He’d sweated over the plans for six months.//  sweat blood/sweat your guts out (=work very hard) //  --I sweated blood to get that report finished.//  --We’ve been sweating our guts out here!//\n  3 WORRY:   [I]  informal to be anxious, nervous, or worried about something//  --Let them sweat a bit before you tell them.//  sweat bullets  AmE  (=be very anxious) //  --Workers are sweating bullets over the possibility of job losses.//\n  4  don’t sweat it:   AmE  spoken used to tell someone not to worry about something//  --Don’t sweat it, I’ll lend you the money.//\n  5  don’t sweat the small stuff:   AmE  spoken used to tell someone not to worry about unimportant things//\n  6 PRODUCE LIQUID:   [I] if something such as cheese sweats, fat from inside appears on its surface//\n  7 COOK:   [T]  BrE to heat food gently in a little water or fat//  --Sweat the vegetables until the juices run out.//  sweat off [sweat sth → off] phr v//  to lose weight by sweating a lot//  sweat out [sweat sth → out] phr v//\n  1 to wait anxiously for news that is very important to you:  --Van Os is sweating it out while the coach decides which players he’s taking to the Olympics.//\n  2  American English to work very hard on something, especially something difficult:  --kids sweating out a test//\n  3 to do hard physical exercise:  --They were sweating it out in the gym.//\n  4 to get rid of an illness by making yourself sweat a lot:\nsweat 2 n   ----------//\n   1 liquid on skin:\n   2 get into a sweat about something:\n   3 break (out) into a sweat:\n   4 a cold sweat:\n   5 no sweat:\n   6 sweats:\n   7 work:\n   8 the sweat of somebody’s brow:  ----------//  [Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  SWEAT1]//\n  1 LIQUID ON SKIN:   [U] drops of salty liquid that come out through your skin when you are hot, frightened, ill, or doing exercise//   perspiration//  --Ian came off the squash court dripping with sweat. //  -- Beads of sweat appeared on his forehead.//  -- Sweat poured down his face.//  work up a sweat (=do physical exercise or hard work that makes you sweat) //  --Karen was on the exercise bikes, just beginning to break a sweat  (=start sweating) .//\n  2  get into a sweat about sth:   informal to become nervous or frightened about something//  --Don’t get into such a sweat about it! It’s only a test.//\n  3  break (out) into a sweat:  to become very nervous or frightened//  --Drops in stock market prices have investors breaking out into a sweat.//\n  4  a cold sweat:  a state of nervousness or fear, in which you start to sweat, even though you are not hot//  in/into a cold sweat//  --I woke up from the nightmare in a cold sweat.//\n  5  no sweat:   spoken used to say that you can do something easily//  --’Are you sure you can do it on time?’ ’Yeah, no sweat!’//\n  6  sweats [plural]  AmE  informal :  a) clothes made of thick, soft cotton, worn especially for sport//   sweatsuit//  b) trousers of this type//   sweat pants//\n  7 WORK:   [singular]  old-fashioned hard work, especially when it is boring or unpleasant//\n  8  the sweat of sb’s brow:   literary the hard effort that someone has made in their work//


Words: sweat suit
Meaning:
sweatsuit/swetsu[hA359]t, -sju[hA359]t $ -su[hA359]t/ n [C]  AmE   a set of loose warm clothes, worn especially for sport or relaxation//


Words: sweatband
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a narrow band of cloth that you wear around your head or wrist to stop sweat running down when you are doing sport:\n  2 a narrow piece of cloth that is sewn on the inside of a hat:


Words: sweated labour
Meaning:
BrE  sweated labor AmE n [U] \n  1 hard work done for very low wages, especially in a factory:\n  2 the people who do this work:


Words: sweater
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: sweat; because it was originally worn when doing exercise, to make you sweat]//  a piece of warm wool or cotton clothing with long sleeves, which covers the top half of your body//  British Equivalent:  jumper//


Words: sweatshirt
Meaning:
n [C]   a loose warm piece of clothing which covers the top part of your body and arms and is worn especially for sport or relaxation//


Words: sweatshop
Meaning:
n [C]   a small business, factory etc where people work hard in bad conditions for very little money - used to show disapproval//


Words: sweaty
Meaning:
adj   comparative  sweatier superlative  sweatiest //\n  1 covered or wet with sweat:  --We came home hot and sweaty after the day’s work.//  --sweaty palms//\n  2 [usually before noun] unpleasantly hot or difficult, so that you sweat:  --a sweaty August day//  --a sweaty job//


Words: swede
Meaning:
n [U and C]    BrE a round yellow vegetable that grows under the ground//  American Equivalent:  rutabaga//


Words: Sweden
Meaning:
a country in Scandinavia, northern Europe. Population: 8,875,000 (2001). Capital: Stockholm. It is a member of the  EU, and has a generally high standard of living and a generous system of  welfare. People from Sweden are called  Swedes.//    Swedish//


Words: Swedish
Meaning:
adj   relating to Sweden, its people, or its language//\nSwedish 2 n \n  1  the Swedish [plural] people from Sweden:\n  2 [U] the language used in Sweden:


Words: sweep
Meaning:
W3S3   v   past tense and past participle  swept /swept///  ----------//\n   1 clean something:\n   2 push something somewhere:\n   3 push somebody/something with force:\n   4 group moves:\n   5 wind/waves etc:\n   6 become popular:\n   7 feeling:\n   8 person:\n   9 politics:\n  10 sports:\n  11 sweep the board:\n  12 form a curve:\n  13 look:\n  14 sweep somebody off their feet:\n  15 sweep/brush something under the carpet:\n  16 hair:  Phrasal verbs//   sweep somebody along//   sweep something → aside//   sweep somebody/something away//   sweep up//  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Probably from  sweop, the past tense of  Old English swapan  ’to sweep’]//\n  1 CLEAN SOMETHING:   [T] to clean the dust, dirt etc from the floor or ground, using a brush with a long handle//   brush//  --Bert swept the path in front of the house.//  sweep sth off/out/up etc//  --Will you sweep the leaves off the patio?//\n  2 PUSH SOMETHING SOMEWHERE:   [T always + adverb/preposition] to move things from a surface with a brushing movement//  --I swept the papers quickly into the drawer.//\n  3 PUSH SOMEBODY/SOMETHING WITH FORCE:   [T always + adverb/preposition] to force someone or something to move in a particular direction//  --The windsurfer was swept out to sea.//  --Jessie was swept along by the angry crowd.//\n  4 GROUP MOVES:   [I always + adverb/preposition] if a group of people or animals sweep somewhere, they quickly move there together//  sweep through/along etc//  --The crowd swept through the gates of the stadium.//\n  5 WIND/WAVES ETC:   [I,T always + adverb/preposition] if winds, waves, fire etc sweep a place or sweep through, across etc a place, they move quickly and with a lot of force//  --Thunderstorms swept the country.//  sweep across/through etc//  --90 mile per hour winds swept across the plains.//\n  6 BECOME POPULAR:   [I,T always + adverb/preposition]  written if an idea, feeling, or activity sweeps a group of people or a place, it quickly becomes very popular or common//  sweep the country/nation/state etc //  --a wave of nationalism sweeping the country//  sweep across/through etc//  --the latest craze sweeping through the teenage population//\n  7 FEELING:   [I always + adverb/preposition] if a feeling sweeps over you, you are suddenly affected by it//  sweep over//  --A feeling of isolation swept over me.//\n  8 PERSON:   [I always + adverb/preposition] if someone sweeps somewhere, they move quickly and confidently, especially because they are impatient or like to seem important//  sweep into/through etc//  --Eva swept into the meeting and demanded to know what was going on.//\n  9 POLITICS:   [I and T] to win an election easily and in an impressive way//  sweep to power/victory //  --Nixon and Agnew swept to victory with 47 million votes.//  --Herrera was swept into office two years ago.//\n  10 SPORTS:   [T]  AmE to win all of the games in a series of games against a particular team//  --Houston swept Orlando to become NBA champions.//\n  11  sweep the board:   BrE to win everything that can be won, especially very easily//\n  12 FORM A CURVE:   [I always + adverb/preposition] to form a long curved shape//  sweep down/along etc//  --The hills swept down to the sea.//\n  13 LOOK:   [I,T always + adverb/preposition] to look quickly at all of something//  --The General’s eyes swept the horizon.//  sweep over/across/around etc//  --the beam from the lighthouse sweeping across the sea//\n  14  sweep sb off their feet:  to make someone feel suddenly and strongly attracted to you in a romantic way//  --Jill’s been swept off her feet by an older man.//\n  15  sweep/brush sth under the carpet:   also sweep sth under the rug  AmE to try to keep something a secret, especially something you have done wrong//\n  16 HAIR:   [T always + adverb/preposition] to pull your hair back from your face//  sweep sth back/up//  --Kerry swept her hair back into a ponytail.//  sweep along [sweep sb along] phr v//  to sweep someone away//  sweep aside [sweep sth → aside] phr v//  to refuse to pay attention to something someone says//  --Branson swept all the objections aside.//  sweep away [sweep sb/sth away] phr v//\n  1  sweep sth → away:  to completely destroy something or make something disappear//  --houses swept away by the floods//  --A sudden feeling of grief swept all my anger away.//\n  2  sweep sb away:   also sweep sb along //   [usually passive] if a feeling or idea sweeps you away or along, you are so excited that you do not think clearly or you forget about other things//  --We couldn’t help being swept away by Bette’s enthusiasm.//  --19th century scientists were swept along on the tide of Darwin’s theories.//  sweep up phr v//\n  1 to clean the dust, dirt etc from the floor or ground using a brush with a long handle:  --The janitor was just sweeping up as I left the building.//  sweep sth → up//  --Jan was sweeping up the bits of paper and broken glass.//\n  2  sweep sb→ up:  to pick someone up in one quick movement//  --Harriet swept the child up in her arms and hugged her.//\nsweep 2 n [C] \n  1 a long swinging movement of your arm, a weapon etc:  --With a single sweep of his sword, he cut through the rope.//\n  2 [usually singular]  BrE the act of cleaning a room with a long-handled brush:  --The kitchen needs a good sweep.//\n  3  the sweep of sth:  a) a long curved line or area of land//  --the wide sweep of lawn//  b) the many different and important ideas, events, or qualities of something//  --the broad sweep of history//\n  4 [usually singular] a search or attack that moves over a large area:  --He watched the helicopter make a sweep over the beach.//\n  5  the sweeps:   also sweeps month/period //   AmE a period of time during the year when television stations try to find out which shows are the most popular//\n  6  AmE a series of several games that one team wins against another team:\n  7 a chimney sweep:    clean sweep at clean1 (14)//


Words: sweeper
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 someone or something that sweeps:  --a road sweeper//\n  2  BrE a football player who plays in a position behind other defending players:


Words: sweeping
Meaning:
adj \n  1 affecting many things, or making an important difference to something:  sweeping changes/cuts/reforms etc //  --They want to make sweeping changes to education policies.//\n  2 [only before noun] including a lot of information about something:  --a sweeping look at European history//\n  3  sweeping statement/generalization:  a statement etc that is too general and that does not consider all the facts - used to show disapproval//  --sweeping generalizations about women drivers//\n  4 forming a curved shape:  --the sweeping curve of the driveway//  --a sweeping gesture//\n  5  sweeping victory:  the winning of an election by a large number of votes//  --a sweeping victory for Labour//


Words: sweepstake
Meaning:
BrE   n  sweepstakes AmE [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: sweepstake  ’someone who takes all the winnings in a game’ (15-18 centuries), from  sweep +  stake]//\n  1 a type of betting in which the winner receives all the money risked by everyone else:\n  2  AmE a type of competition in which you have the chance to win a prize if your name is chosen:\n  3  AmE a competition, election etc in which no one knows who will be the winner:  --the presidential sweepstakes//


Words: sweet
Meaning:
W3S2   adj   comparative  sweeter superlative  sweetest //  ----------//\n   1 taste:\n   2 character:\n   3 children/small things:\n   4 thoughts/emotions:\n   5 smells:\n   6 sounds:\n   7 have a sweet tooth:\n   8 water/air:\n   9 keep somebody sweet:\n  10 in your own sweet way/time:\n  11 a sweet deal:\n  12 sweet FA:\n  13 sweet nothings:\n  14 be sweet on somebody:\n  15 Sweet!:  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swete]//\n  1 TASTE:  containing or having a taste like sugar//    sour, bitter, dry//  --This tea is too sweet.//  --sweet juicy peaches//  --sweet wine//\n  2 CHARACTER:  kind, gentle, and friendly//  --a sweet smile//  --How sweet of you to remember my birthday!//    sweet-tempered//\n  3 CHILDREN/SMALL THINGS:   especially  BrE looking pretty and attractive//   cute//  --Your little boy looks very sweet in his new coat.//\n  4 THOUGHTS/EMOTIONS:  making you feel pleased, happy, and satisfied//  --Revenge is sweet.//  --the sweet smell of success //  --the sweet taste of victory //  --Goodnight, Becky. Sweet dreams. //\n  5 SMELLS:  having a pleasant smell//   fragrant//  --sweet-smelling flowers//  --the sickly sweet  (=unpleasantly sweet) smell of rotting fruit//\n  6 SOUNDS:  pleasant to listen to//  → harsh//  --She has a very sweet singing voice.//\n  7  have a sweet tooth:  to like things that taste of sugar//\n  8 WATER/AIR:  if you describe water or air as sweet, you mean that it is fresh and clean//  → stale//  --She hurried to the door and took great gulps of the sweet air.//\n  9  keep sb sweet:   informal to behave in a pleasant, friendly way towards someone, because you want them to help you later//  --I’m trying to keep Mum sweet so that she’ll lend me the car.//\n  10  in your own sweet way/time:  if you do something in your own sweet way, you do it in exactly the way that you want to or when you want to, without considering what other people say or think//  --You can’t just go on in your own sweet way; we have to do this together.//\n  11  a sweet deal:   AmE a business or financial deal in which you get an advantage, pay a low price etc//  --I got a sweet deal on the car.//\n  12  sweet FA:   also sweet Fanny Adams //   BrE  informal nothing at all - used when someone wants to avoid saying a swear word directly//  --’How much did they pay you for that job?’ ’Sweet FA!’//\n  13  sweet nothings:  things that lovers say to each other//  --a couple whispering sweet nothings to each other//\n  14  be sweet on sb:   old-fashioned to be very attracted to or in love with someone//\n  15  Sweet!:   spoken  informal used to say that you think that something is very good//  --’I got four tickets to the concert.’ ’Sweet!’//  -- sweetly adv //    home sweet home at home1 (13)//    short and sweet at short1 (1),  sweetness//\nsweet 2 S2 n   1 [C]  BrE a small piece of sweet food made of sugar or chocolate//  American Equivalent:  candy//  --Eating sweets is bad for your teeth.//  --a sweet shop//  --a packet of boiled sweets  (=hard sweets that taste of fruit) //\n  2 [U and C]  BrE sweet food served after the meat and vegetables part of a meal:   dessert//  --Would you like a sweet, or some cheese and biscuits?//\n  3  (my) sweet:   old-fashioned used when speaking to someone you love//  --Don’t cry, my sweet.//


Words: sweet william
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  From the male name  William]//  a plant with sweet-smelling flowers//


Words: sweet-and-sour
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   a sweet-and-sour dish in Chinese cooking has both sweet and sour tastes together//  --sweet-and-sour pork//


Words: sweet-talk
Meaning:
v [T]    informal to persuade someone to do something by talking to them nicely and making them feel good//  sweet-talk sb into doing sth//  --I managed to sweet-talk her into driving me home.//  -- sweet talk n  [U] //


Words: sweetcorn
Meaning:
n [U]    BrE the soft yellow seeds from maize that are cooked and eaten//  American Equivalent:  corn//


Words: sweeten
Meaning:
v \n  1 [I and T] to make something sweeter, or become sweeter:  --Sweeten the mixture with a little honey.//\n  2 [T]  also sweeten sb → up :   informal to try to persuade someone to do what you want, by giving them presents or money or promising them something//  --a cash bonus to sweeten the deal//    sweetener(2)//\n  3 [T]  literary to make someone kinder, gentler etc:  --Old age had not sweetened her.//    sweeten the pill at pill1 (4)//


Words: sweetener
Meaning:
n \n  1 [U and C] a substance used to make food or drink taste sweeter:  --No artificial sweeteners are used in this product.//\n  2 [C]  informal something that you give to someone to persuade them to do something, especially to accept a business deal:  --These tax cuts are just a pre-election sweetener.//


Words: sweetheart
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  spoken a way of speaking to someone you love:   darling//  --Come here, sweetheart.//\n  2  spoken an informal way of speaking to a woman you do not know, which some women find offensive:\n  3  sweetheart deal:   AmE an agreement that is unfair because it gives an advantage to people who know each other well or to people who have a lot of influence//  --Members of the council had arranged a sweetheart deal with CTS.//\n  4  old-fashioned the person that you love:  --They were childhood sweethearts. //


Words: sweetie
Meaning:
n [C]  spoken \n  1  BrE a sweet - used by children or when speaking to children:\n  2 someone who is kind and easy to love:  --Guy’s father is such a sweetie.//\n  3 a way of speaking to someone you love:


Words: sweetness
Meaning:
n [U] \n  1 how sweet something tastes or smells:  --the sweetness of the wild rose//\n  2 how pleasant something is:  --a smile of great sweetness//\n  3  be all sweetness and light:  a) to behave in a way that is very pleasant and friendly, especially when you do not normally behave like this//  --She’s all sweetness and light when Paul’s around.//  b) to be enjoyable and without problems//  --Life is not all sweetness and light.//


Words: swell
Meaning:
v   past tense  swelled past participle  swollen /sw[hA353][hA35E]l[hA353]n $ swo[hA35E]-///  ----------//\n   1 size:\n   2 amount/number:\n   3 swell with pride/anger etc:\n   4 shape:\n   5 sound:\n   6 sea:  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swellan]//\n  1 SIZE:   [I]  also swell up //  to become larger and rounder than normal - used especially about parts of the body//    swollen//  --Her ankle was already starting to swell.//  --The window frame was swollen shut.//\n  2 AMOUNT/NUMBER:   [I and T] to increase in amount or number//  swell to//  --The crowd swelled to around 10,000.//  --The river was swollen with melted snow.//  swell the ranks/numbers of sth (=increase the number of people in a particular situation) //  --Large numbers of refugees have swollen the ranks of the unemployed.//\n  3  swell with pride/anger etc:  to feel very proud, angry etc//  --His heart swelled with pride as he watched his daughter collect her prize.//\n  4 SHAPE:   [I and T]  also swell out //  to curve or make something curve//  --The wind swelled the sails.//\n  5 SOUND:   [I]  literary to become louder//  --Music swelled around us.//\n  6 SEA:   [I] to move suddenly and powerfully upwards//    groundswell//\nswell 2 n \n  1 [singular] the way the sea moves up and down:  --The sea wasn’t rough, but there was a heavy swell  (=large movements of the water) .//\n  2 [singular] a situation in which something increases in number or amount:  swell of//  --the growing swell of anti-government feeling//  --a swell of pride//\n  3 [singular] an increase in sound level, especially in music:   crescendo//\n  4 [singular] the roundness or curved shape of something:  --the firm swell of her breasts//\n  5 [C]  old-fashioned a fashionable or important person:\nswell 3 adj  AmE  old-fashioned   very good//   great//  --You look swell!//


Words: swell-headed
Meaning:
adj  AmE  informal   thinking that you are more important or clever than you really are//   bigheaded//


Words: swelling
Meaning:
n \n  1 [C] an area of your body that has become larger than normal, because of illness or injury:  swelling in/on//  --a painless swelling in his neck//\n  2 [U] the condition of having swelled:  --The spider’s bite can cause pain and swelling.//  --These tablets should reduce the swelling .//


Words: swelter
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: swelt  ’to die, become unconscious because of heat’ (11-20 centuries), from  Old English sweltan  ’to die’]//  to feel extremely hot and uncomfortable//  --Crowds of shoppers sweltered in the summer heat.//


Words: swept-back
Meaning:
adj \n  1 hair that is swept-back is brushed backwards from your face:\n  2 swept-back wings on an aircraft look like the letter v:


Words: swerve
Meaning:
v [I]   [Language: Old English; Origin: sweorfan  ’to wipe, put away’]//\n  1 to make a sudden sideways movement while moving forwards, usually in order to avoid hitting something:  swerve violently/sharply //  --The car swerved sharply to avoid the dog.//  swerve across/off/into etc//  --The bus swerved off the road.//\n  2 [usually in negatives]  formal to change from an idea, course of action, purpose etc:  swerve from//  --He would never swerve from the truth.//  -- swerve n  [C] //


Words: Swift
Meaning:
Jonathan   (1667-1745) an Irish writer whose best-known book is  Gulliver’s Travels but who also wrote many other  satirical stories and clever articles, in which he used humour to criticize institutions such as the universities, the legal profession, and the political parties. He was also a priest in the Church of England, and became Dean (=a high-ranking priest)  of St Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin. Because of this, he is sometimes called "Dean Swift".//


Words: swift
Meaning:
adj   [Language: Old English; Origin:]//\n  1 happening or done quickly and immediately:  --My letter received a swift reply.//  --She shot a swift glance at Paul.//  swift to do sth//  --They were swift to deny the accusations.//\n  2 [only before noun] moving, or able to move, very fast:  --a swift runner//  --She wiped her tears away in one swift movement.//\n  3  sb is not too swift:   AmE  spoken used to say that someone is not very intelligent//  -- swiftly adv //  --Alice dressed swiftly.//  -- swiftness n  [U] //\nswift 2 n [C]   a small brown bird that has pointed wings, flies very fast, and is similar to a swallow//


Words: swig
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  swigged present participle  swigging  [T] //   informal to drink something in large mouthfuls, especially from a bottle//   gulp//  --He sat swigging beer and smoking.//  -- swig n  [C] //  --She took a long swig of coke.//


Words: swill
Meaning:
v   [Language: Old English; Origin: swillan]//\n  1 [T]  BrE to wash something by pouring a lot of water over it or into it:  swill sth away/down/out//  --Get a bucket to swill the yard down.//\n  2 [I and T] if a liquid swills around or you swill it around, it moves around something:  swill around/round//  --He swilled his brandy gently round his glass.//\n  3 [T]  also swill down :   informal to drink something in large amounts//  --He does nothing but swill beer all day.//\nswill 2 n \n  1 [U] food for pigs, mostly made of unwanted bits of human food:    pigswill//\n  2 [C]  BrE the act of washing something by pouring a lot of water over it:


Words: swim
Meaning:
v   past tense  swam /sw[zB024]m/past participle  swum /sw[hA356]m/present participle  swimming //  ----------//\n   1 move through water:\n   2 water animals:\n   3 not thinking/seeing properly:\n   4 be swimming in something:\n   5 swim against the tide/current etc:  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swimman]//\n  1 MOVE THROUGH WATER:   [I and T] to move yourself through water using your arms and legs//  swim in//  --We swam in the chilly water.//  swim around/across etc//  --She could swim across the lake.//  --Let’s go swimming this afternoon.//  --kids learning to swim the backstroke//  --She was the first woman to swim the Channel.//\n  2 WATER ANIMALS:   [I always + adverb/preposition] when fish, ducks etc swim, they move around the water using their tails and fins, their feet etc//  --Tropical fish swam slowly around in the tank.//\n  3 NOT THINKING/SEEING PROPERLY:   [I] //  a) if your head swims, you start to feel confused or that everything is spinning around//  --My head was swimming after looking at that screen all day.//  b) if something you are looking at swims, it seems to be moving around, usually because you are ill, tired, or drunk//  --The numbers swam before my eyes.//\n  4  be swimming in sth:  to be covered by a lot of liquid//  --potatoes swimming in thick gravy//\n  5  swim against the tide/current etc:  to do or say things which are different from what most people do or say, because you do not mind being different//  → swim with the tide//    sink or swim at sink1 (15)//\nswim 2 n [C] \n  1 a period of time that you spend swimming:  --Let’s go for a swim .//\n  2  in the swim (of things):   informal knowing about and involved in what is happening in a particular situation//


Words: swimmer
Meaning:
n [C]   a) someone who swims well, often as a competitor//  good/strong swimmer //  --Peter’s a very strong swimmer.//  b) someone who is swimming//  --We watched the swimmers heading out across the lake.//


Words: swimming
Meaning:
S2   n [U]   the sport of moving yourself through water using your arms and legs//  --Swimming is great exercise.//  --a swimming club//  --We went swimming on Saturday.//


Words: swimmingly
Meaning:
adv  old-fashioned   go swimmingly//  if something you plan goes swimmingly, it happens without problems//


Words: Swinburne
Meaning:
Algernon   (1837-1909) a British poet whose best-known work is  Atalanta in Corydon, a  tragedy in ancient Greek style//


Words: swindle
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: swindler  ’person who swindles’ (18-21 centuries), from  German schwindler  ’someone confused or unbalanced’]//  to get money from someone by deceiving them//   cheat//  swindle sb out of sth//  --a businessman who swindled investors out of millions of pounds//  -- swindler n  [C] //\nswindle 2 n [C]   a situation in which someone gets money by deceiving someone else//  --a big tax swindle//


Words: swine
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: swin]//\n  1 :  plural  swine  or  swines  informal someone who behaves very rudely or unpleasantly//  --Leave her alone, you filthy swine!//\n  2  old use a pig:


Words: swineherd
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: swinhyrde, from  swin (  SWINE) +  hyrde  ’herdsman’]//   old use someone who looks after pigs//


Words: swing
Meaning:
W3   v   past tense and past participle  swung /sw[hA356][hA26E]///  ----------//\n   1 move from a fixed point:\n   2 move in a curve:\n   3 hit:\n   4 change opinions/emotions:\n   5 swing into action:\n   6 play:\n   7 arrange something:\n   8 swing both ways:\n   9 swing the lead:  Phrasal verbs//   swing around/round//   swing by//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: swingan  ’to beat, go quickly’]//\n  1 MOVE FROM A FIXED POINT:   [I and T] to make regular movements forwards and backwards or from one side to another while hanging from a particular point, or to make something do this//  --Let your arms swing as you walk.//  --a sign swinging in the wind//  --He was swinging his bag back and forth .//  --She swung her legs from side to side .//  swing sth by sth//  --He marched around, swinging the gun by its handle.//\n  2 MOVE IN A CURVE:   [I,T always + adverb/preposition] to move quickly in a smooth curve in one direction, or to make something do this//  --A black car swung into the drive.//  --Kate swung her legs out of bed.//  swing open/shut //  --The heavy door swung shut.//  --Swinging her bag over her shoulder, she hurried on.//\n  3 HIT:   [I and T] to move your arm or something you are holding to try and hit something//  swing sth at sb/sth//  --She swung her bag at him.//  swing at sb/sth (with sth)//  --Garson swung at the ball and missed.//  --He started swinging at me with his fists.//\n  4 CHANGE OPINIONS/EMOTIONS:   [I and T] if emotions or opinions swing, or if something swings them, they change quickly to the opposite of what they were//  swing from sth to sth//  --His mood could swing from joy to despair.//  --Do campaign gifts swing votes ?//  --The war had begun to swing in Britain’s favor .//  swing to the Right/Left (=in politics) //\n  5  swing into action:  to suddenly begin work that needs doing, using a lot of energy and effort//  --Politicians have already swung into action.//\n  6 PLAY:   [I] to sit on a swing and make it move backwards and forwards by moving your legs//\n  7 ARRANGE SOMETHING:   [T]  spoken to arrange for something to happen, although it takes a lot of effort to do this//  --We managed to swing it so that they we’ll travel together.//\n  8  swing both ways:   informal someone who swings both ways is bisexual//\n  9  swing the lead:   BrE to avoid work by pretending to be ill//    there’s not enough room to swing a cat at room1 (5)//  swing around/round phr v//  to turn around quickly, or to make something do this//  --She swung around to face him.//  swing sth/sb → around/round//  --He swung the boat around and headed for the shore.//  swing by phr v//   swing by (sth)//  to visit a place or person for a short time//  --I’ll swing by the grocery store on my way.//\nswing 2 S3 n   ----------//\n   1 seat with ropes:\n   2 movement:\n   3 change:\n   4 sports:\n   5 music:\n   6 get into the swing of it/things:\n   7 be in full swing:\n   8 go with a swing:\n   9 swings and roundabouts:  ----------//\n  1 SEAT WITH ROPES:   [C] a seat hanging from ropes or chains, usually used by children play on by moving it forwards and backwards using their legs//  --kids playing on the swings //  --a porch swing//\n  2 MOVEMENT:   [C] a curved movement made with your arm, leg etc//  --He took a swing at  (=tried to hit) my head and missed.//  --the swing of her hips as she walked//\n  3 CHANGE:   [C] a noticeable change in opinions or emotions//  swing to/towards/between etc//  --a big swing towards right-wing ideology//  --She suffers from mood swings .//\n  4 SPORTS:   [singular] the movement you make when you hit the ball in golf, baseball, or some other sports//  --I spent months correcting my swing.//\n  5 MUSIC:   [U] a type of dance music played by a big band in the 1930s and 1940s that is similar to jazz//\n  6  get into the swing of it/things:  to become fully involved in an activity//  --Once we got into the swing of it, it took no time at all.//\n  7  be in full swing:  if an event or process is in full swing, it has reached its highest level of activity//  --By midnight the end-of-course party was in full swing.//\n  8  go with a swing:   BrE if a party or activity goes with a swing, it is enjoyable and successful//  --everything you need to make your party go with a swing //\n  9  swings and roundabouts:   BrE used to say that two choices have an equal number of gains and losses, so there is little difference between them//


Words: swing door
Meaning:
n [C]  BrE   a door that you can push open from either side, which swings shut afterwards//  American Equivalent:  swinging door//


Words: Swing Low
Meaning:
Sweet Chariot   a  spiritual (=a religious song)  from the southern states of the US, originally sung by black  slaves working in the fields. It is now often sung at  rugby matches by English supporters.//


Words: swing shift
Meaning:
n [singular]    AmE  informal workers who work from three or four o’clock in the afternoon until 11 or 12 o’clock at night, or the system of working these times//


Words: swingeing
Meaning:
adj  BrE  written   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: swinge  ’to punish severely’ (16-19 centuries)]//\n  1 extremely severe and likely to cause people financial problems:  --swingeing cuts in staff numbers//  --swingeing price increases//  --swingeing import taxes//\n  2 a swingeing criticism is very severe:  --a swingeing attack on local government reform//


Words: swinger
Meaning:
n [C]  old-fashioned  informal \n  1 someone who is fashionable and goes to a lot of parties:\n  2 someone who has sexual relationships with many people, especially someone who exchanges sexual partners with other people:


Words: swinging door
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE   a door that you can push open from either side, which swings shut afterwards//  British Equivalent:  swing door//


Words: swinging sixties
Meaning:
n   the swinging sixties//  the 1960s, a time when social and sexual freedom increased//  --Dad grew up in the swinging sixties.//


Words: swingometer
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE  informal a piece of equipment used in television programmes to show how many votes each political party is getting during an election//


Words: swipe
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  Probably from  sweep]//\n  1 [I and T] to hit or to try to hit someone or something by swinging your arm or an object very quickly:  --She swiped me across the face.//  swipe at//  --He jumped forward, intending to swipe at her.//\n  2 [T]  informal to steal something:  British Equivalent:  pinch//  --The photos were probably swiped by an employee.//\n  3 [T] to pull a plastic card through a machine that can read the electronic information on it:  --Swipe your card to open the door.//\nswipe 2 n [C] \n  1 a criticism of someone or something:   dig//  swipe at//  --His comments were a sarcastic swipe at the police.//  --In her latest article she takes a swipe at  (=criticizes) her critics.//\n  2 when you hit or try to hit someone or something by swinging your arm very quickly:  --She took a swipe at the ball.//


Words: swipe card
Meaning:
n [C]   a special plastic card that you slide through a machine in order to get into a building or open a door//


Words: swirl
Meaning:
v \n  1 [I and T] to move around quickly in a twisting circular movement, or to make something do this:  swirl around/round//  --Smoke swirled around her.//  swirl sth around/round//  --He swirled the brandy around in his glass.//  --The river had become a swirling torrent.//\n  2 [I] if stories or ideas swirl around a place, a lot of people start to talk about them - used especially in news reports:  swirl around//  --Rumours of a takeover began to swirl around the stock markets.//\nswirl 2 n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin:  Probably from the sound of water going around]//\n  1 a swirling movement or amount of something:  swirl of//  --a swirl of dust//\n  2 a twisting circular pattern:


Words: swish
Meaning:
v [I and T]   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin:  From the sound]//  to move or make something move quickly through the air with a quiet sound//  --Her skirt swished as she walked.//  -- swish n  [singular] //\nswish 2 adj  BrE   fashionable and expensive//  --a swish new apartment block//


Words: Swiss
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: Suisse, from  Middle High German Swizer, from  Swiz  ’Switzerland’]//  relating to Switzerland or its people//\nSwiss 2 n   the Swiss [plural] people from Switzerland//


Words: Swiss Family Robinson
Meaning:
the   (1813) a novel for children by the Swiss writer Johann  Wyss, about a family who live on a  desert island after their ship sinks. It was made into a Walt  Disney film in 1960.//


Words: Swiss Guard
Meaning:
the   a group of Swiss soldiers in the Vatican in Rome, whose job is to guard the Pope. They wear a special colourful uniform.//


Words: Switch
Meaning:
trademark   a type of system used for paying for goods and services in the UK, by which customers use a type of plastic card called a  debit card, and money is immediately taken out of their bank account//  --Do you take Switch?//  --I’ll pay by Switch.//


Words: switch
Meaning:
W3S2   v \n  1 [I and T] to change from doing or using one thing to doing or using another:  switch to//  --She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism.//  switch from sth to sth//  --Duval could switch easily from French to English.//  switch between sth and sth//  --He switches between TV and theatre work.//  --The terrorists will switch tactics .//  switch sides/allegiance (=start supporting a different person, party etc) //  --He switched sides just days before the election.//  switch attention/focus/emphasis //  --We want to switch the focus away from criticism.//\n  2 [T] to replace one thing with another, or exchange things:   change//  switch sth for sth//  --Tim may switch his BMW for something else.//  switch sth from sth to sth//  --We’ve switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday.//  switch sth around//  --It’s not easy to switch clerical workers around.//\n  3 [I and T]  AmE if you switch with someone who does the same job as you, you exchange your working times with theirs for a short time:  British Equivalent:  swap//  switch with//  --Tom said he’d switch with me on Saturday.//  --He asked if we could switch shifts.//\n  4 [T always + adverb/preposition] to change the way a machine operates, using a switch:  switch sth to sth//  --Switch the freezer to ’defrost’.//  switch off phr v//\n  1 to turn off a machine, light, radio etc using a switch:  switch sth→ off//  --The burglar alarm was switched off.//  --Don’t forget to switch off before you go. see usage note  close1 //\n  2  informal to stop listening to someone:  --He just switches off and ignores me.//\n  3 to relax for a short time:  --Switch off by listening to music.//  switch on phr v//  to turn on a machine, light, radio etc using a switch//  switch sth → on//  --He switched the torch on.//  --When a tape is put in the VCR, it switches on automatically .//  switch over phr v//\n  1 to change from one method, product etc to another:  switch over to//  --We’ve switched over to telephone banking.//\n  2 to change the television channel you are watching or the radio station you are listening to:  switch over to//  --Switch over to BBC 2.//\nswitch 2 S3 n [C]   ----------//\n   1 on/off:\n   2 change:\n   3 railway:\n   4 stick:  ----------//  [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Perhaps from  Middle Dutch swijch  ’small thin stick’]//\n  1 ON/OFF:  a piece of equipment that starts or stops the flow of electricity to a machine, light etc when you push it//  --Where’s the light switch ?//  --an on-off switch //  press/flick/throw etc a switch //  --Tom flicked the switch, but nothing happened.//  --She claims she is willing to throw the switch of the electric chair.//  at the flick of a switch (=very quickly and easily, by pressing a switch) //  --Petrol can be chosen at the flick of a switch.//\n  2 CHANGE:   [usually singular] a complete change from one thing to another//  --an important policy switch//  switch from/to//  --the switch from agriculture to dairy production//  switch in//  --a switch in emphasis//  --More shoppers are making the switch to organic food.//  that’s a switch  AmE  spoken  informal  (=used to say that someone’s behaviour is different from usual) //  --’Ed’s the only one who’s not eating.’ ’That’s a switch!’//\n  3 RAILWAY:   AmE a piece of railway track that can be moved to allow a train to cross over from one track to another//\n  4 STICK:   old-fashioned a thin stick that bends easily//


Words: Switch card
Meaning:
n [C]    trademark  BrE a plastic card from your bank that you use to pay for things and that allows the money to be taken straight from your account//


Words: switchboard
Meaning:
n [C]   a system used to connect telephone calls in an office building, hotel etc, or the people who operate the system//  --switchboard operators//  --Hundreds of callers jammed the switchboard trying to win the tickets (=there were too many calls for the switchboard to deal with) .//


Words: Switzerland
Meaning:
a country in western Europe with many mountains and lakes, surrounded by France, Germany, Austria, and Italy. Population: 7,283,000 (2001). Capital: Bern. Switzerland is a  neutral country (=one that does not support any side in a war) . It remained neutral in both World War I and World War II, and it does not belong either to the  EU or to the  UN. It is also a world centre for banking. People from Switzerland are called  Swiss.//


Words: swivel
Meaning:
round   past tense and past participle  swivelled present participle  swivelling  BrE //  past tense and past participle  swiveled present participle  swiveling  AmE //  [I and T] to turn around quickly and face a different direction, or to make something do this//    spin//  --Anna swivelled round to face him.//  --She swivelled her head round to watch what was happening.//  --Danny swiveled his chair away from me.//\nswivel 2 n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Origin: swif-, from the past participle of  Old English swifan  ’to move along, sweep’]//  an object that joins two parts of something and helps it to turn around//


Words: swizz
Meaning:
n  BrE  spoken   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: swizzle  ’a swizz’ (20-21 centuries), perhaps from  swindle]//  a swizz//  something that makes you feel disappointed and as though you have been deceived//  --The packet’s half empty - what a swizz!//


Words: swizzle stick
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  swizzle type of mixed alcoholic drink  (19-20 centuries), perhaps from  switchel drink of molasses and water  (18-20 centuries)]//  a small stick for mixing drinks//


Words: swollen
Meaning:
the past participle of swell1//\nswollen 2 adj \n  1 a part of your body that is swollen is bigger than usual, especially because you are ill or injured:  --swollen glands//  --a badly swollen ankle//  --His eyes were swollen from crying.//\n  2 a river that is swollen has more water in it than usual:\n  3  have a swollen head/be swollen-headed:   BrE to be too proud and think you are very clever or important//


Words: swoon
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: swown  ’to swoon’ (13-19 centuries), from  Old English geswogen  ’made sick or unconscious’]//\n  1 to be extremely excited and unable to control yourself because you admire someone so much:  swoon over//  --crowds of teenage girls swooning over popstars//\n  2  old-fashioned to fall to the ground because you have been affected by an emotion or shock:   faint//  -- swoon n  [singular] //


Words: swoop
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: swope  ’to sweep’ (11-19 centuries), from  Old English swapan;   SWEEP1]//\n  1 if a bird or aircraft swoops, it moves suddenly down through the air, especially in order to attack something:  --The eagle hovered, ready to swoop at any moment.//  swoop down/over/across etc//  --A helicopter suddenly swooped down.//\n  2  written if the police, army etc swoop on a place, they go there without any warning in order to look for someone or something:  swoop on//  --Drug officers swooped on several addresses in London last night.//\nswoop 2 n [C] \n  1 a sudden surprise attack on a place in order to get something or take people away - used especially in news reports:  swoop on//  --Police arrested a man in a swoop on his house last night.//\n  2 a swooping movement or action:    at/in one fell swoop at fell4 //


Words: swoosh
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  From the sound]//  to make a sound by moving quickly through the air//  -- swoosh n  [C] //


Words: sword
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: sweord]//\n  1 a weapon with a long pointed blade and a handle:\n  2  a/the sword of Damocles:   literary a bad thing that might happen at any time//  --The treaty hung like a sword of Damocles over French politics.//\n  3  put sb to the sword:   literary to kill someone with a sword//\n  4  turn/beat swords into ploughshares:   literary to start using money, equipment, and skills for peaceful purposes rather than for fighting//    cross swords (with sb) at cross1 (16),  double-edged sword at double-edged(1)//


Words: sworn
Meaning:
the past participle of swear//\nsworn 2 adj \n  1  sworn enemies:  two people or groups of people who will always hate each other//\n  2  sworn statement/evidence/testimony etc:  a statement etc that someone makes after officially promising to tell the truth//


Words: SWOT
Meaning:
n [U]   strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats a system for examining the way a company is run or the way someone works in order to see what the good and bad features are//  --a SWOT analysis //


Words: swot
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE  informal someone who spends too much time studying and seems to have no other interests - used in order to show disapproval//  -- swotty adj //\nswot 2   past tense and past participle  swotted present participle  swotting  v [I] //   BrE  informal to study a lot in a short time, especially for an examination//   revise//  swot for//  --students swotting for exams//  swot up phr v//   BrE to learn as much as you can about a subject, especially in order to prepare for an examination//  swot up on//  --It’s worth swotting up on all the different types of computer before you buy one.//  swot sth → up//  --I spent all last night swotting up German verbs.//


Words: SWP
Meaning:
Socialist Workers’ Party a British political party that is very  left-wing. It produces a newspaper called  Socialist Worker, which is sold by its members on the street, and its members are often involved in political  demonstrations (=when a big crowd of people publicly protest about something) .//


Words: sybaritic
Meaning:
adj  literary   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: Sybariticus, from  Sybaris ancient Italian city whose people lived in great wealth and comfort]//  wanting or enjoying expensive pleasures and comforts//


Words: sycamore
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: sicamor, from  Latin, from  Greek sykomoros, probably from a  Semitic language]//\n  1 a European tree that has leaves with five points and seeds with two parts like wings, or the wood of this tree:\n  2 a North American tree with broad leaves, or the wood of this tree:


Words: sycophant
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: sycophanta  ’someone who tells about the bad actions of another, flatterer’, from  Greek sykophantes, from  sykon  ’fig’ +  phainein  ’to show’]//   formal someone who praises powerful people too much because they want to get something from them - used in order to show disapproval//  --a dictator surrounded by sycophants//


Words: sycophantic
Meaning:
adj  formal   praising important or powerful people too much because you want to get something from them - used in order to show disapproval//  --sycophantic journalists//  --a sycophantic letter//  -- sycophancy/s[hA366]k[hA353]f[hA353]nsi/ n  [U] //


Words: Sydney
Meaning:
the largest city in Australia, which is the capital of the state of New South Wales and an important financial, industrial, and educational centre.//


Words: syllabic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 based on or relating to syllables:  --syllabic stress//\n  2  technical a syllabic consonant forms a whole syllable, for example the /l/ in ’battle’:


Words: syllable
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: sillabe, from  Latin, from  Greek syllabe, from  syllambanein  ’to gather together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  lambanein  ’to take’]//  a word or part of a word which contains a single vowel sound//    in words of one syllable at word1 (18)//


Words: syllabus
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: , from a mistaken reading of  Latin sittyba  ’label’]//  a plan that states exactly what students at a school or college should learn in a particular subject//    curriculum//  on a syllabus//  --Two Shakespeare plays are on this year’s English syllabus.//


Words: syllogism
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: silogisme, from  Latin, from  Greek syllogismos, from  syllogizesthai  ’to argue by syllogisms’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  logizesthai  ’to calculate’]//  a statement with three parts, the first two of which prove that the third part is true, for example ’all men will die, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates will die’//  -- syllogistic/s[hA366]l[hA353]d[hA360][hA366]st[hA366]k[hA36B]/ adj //


Words: sylph
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: sylphus; probably an invented word]//\n  1  literary an attractively thin woman:\n  2 an imaginary female creature who lived in the air, according to ancient stories:


Words: sylvan
Meaning:
adj  literary   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: sylvanus, from  Latin sylva  ’wood, forest’]//  relating to a forest or trees//


Words: symbiosis
Meaning:
n [singular, U]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Greek, from  symbios  ’living together’]//\n  1  formal a relationship between people or organizations that depend on each other equally:\n  2  technical the relationship between different living things that depend on each other:


Words: symbiotic
Meaning:
adj  formal   a symbiotic relationship is one in which the people, organizations, or living things involved depend on each other//


Words: symbol
Meaning:
W3   n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: symbolum, from  Greek symbolon  ’proof of who someone is, checked by comparing its other half’, from  symballein  ’to throw together, compare’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  ballein  ’to throw’]//\n  1 a picture or shape that has a particular meaning or represents a particular organization or idea:    sign//  --The symbol on the packet is a guarantee that the food has been produced organically.//  symbol of//  --The dove is a symbol of peace.//\n  2 a letter, number, or sign that represents a sound, an amount, a chemical substance etc:  symbol for//  --Fe is the chemical symbol for iron.//\n  3 someone or something that represents a particular quality or idea:  symbol of//  --Space exploration provides a symbol of national pride.//    sex symbol//


Words: symbolic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 important but not having any real effect:  symbolic gesture/act //  --The protest was a symbolic gesture of anger at official policy.//  symbolic significance/importance //  --a meeting of symbolic importance//  purely/largely symbolic //  --It was a largely symbolic gesture from a government trying to win support.//\n  2 representing a particular idea or quality:  --Each element of the ceremony has a symbolic meaning .//  symbolic of//  --Today’s fighting is symbolic of the chaos which the country is facing.//\n  3 using or involving symbols:  --A map is a form of symbolic representation.//  -- symbolically/-kli/ adv //


Words: symbolize
Meaning:
also  symbolise BrE   v [T]   if something symbolizes a quality, feeling etc, it represents it//  --Crime often symbolizes a wider social problem.//  --Growing discontent has been symbolized by the protests.//


Words: symmetrical
Meaning:
an object or design that is symmetrical has two halves that are exactly the same shape and size//  → asymmetrical//  --The pattern was perfectly symmetrical.//  -- symmetrically/-kli/ adv //


Words: symmetry
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: symmetria, from  Greek, from  symmetros  ’symmetrical’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  metron  ’measure’]//\n  1 the quality of being symmetrical:  symmetry of//  --the symmetry of the design//\n  2 the quality that a situation has when two events or actions seem to be balanced or equal in some way:  --There was a certain symmetry to coming back to New York, where I started my artistic life all those years ago.//


Words: sympathetic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 caring and feeling sorry about someone’s problems:  --a sympathetic friend//  --a sympathetic attitude//  sympathetic to/towards//  --I’m sympathetic to parents who are worried about what their children see on television.//  --We hope always to provide a friendly sympathetic ear  (=someone willing to listen to someone else’s problems) .//\n  2 [not before noun] willing to give approval and support to an aim or plan:  sympathetic to/towards//  --Senator Capp is very sympathetic to environmental issues.//\n  3  sympathetic figure/character:   literary someone in a book, play etc who most people like//\n  4 providing the right conditions for someone:  --a sympathetic environment//  -- sympathetically/-kli/ adv //  --Jill smiled sympathetically.//


Words: sympathize
Meaning:
also  sympathise BrE   v [I] \n  1 to feel sorry for someone because you understand their problems:  --I sympathize, but I don’t know how to help.//  sympathize with//  --I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones.//\n  2 to support someone’s ideas or actions:  sympathize with//  --The public sympathized with the miners’ strike.//


Words: sympathizer
Meaning:
also  sympathiser BrE   n [C]   someone who supports the aims of an organization or political party//   supporter//  --The anti-abortion rally attracted many sympathizers.//


Words: sympathy
Meaning:
n   plural  sympathies //  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: sympathia, from  Greek sympatheia, from  sympathes  ’sharing feelings, sympathetic’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  pathos  ’feelings’]//\n  1 [plural,U] the feeling of being sorry for someone who is in a bad situation:  sympathy for//  --I have a lot of sympathy for her; she had to bring up the children on her own.//  --I have absolutely no sympathy for students who get caught cheating in exams.//  --She wrote a letter expressing her sympathy .//  play on sb’s sympathy (=make someone feel sorry for you in order to gain an advantage for yourself) //  --We would like to pass on our deepest sympathy to Ken’s wife Marjorie.//  --Our sympathies are with the families of the victims.//  --My sympathies go out to the boy’s mother.//  message/letter of sympathy //  --The victim’s parents have received thousands of messages of sympathy.//\n  2 [plural,U] belief in or support for a plan, idea, or action, especially a political one:  in sympathy with sth//  --Willard is in sympathy with many Green Party issues.//  --Her sympathies lie firmly with the Conservative Party.//  communist/Republican/left-wing etc sympathies //  --Matheson is known for his pro-socialist sympathies.//  sympathy with/for//  --Sullivan expressed sympathy for the striking federal workers.//\n  3 [U] a feeling that you understand someone because you are similar to them:  --There was no personal sympathy between them.//


Words: symphony
Meaning:
n   plural  symphonies  [C] //  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: symphonie, from  Latin symphonia, from  Greek, from  symphonos  ’sounding together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  phone  ’voice, sound’]//\n  1 a long piece of music usually in four parts, written for an orchestra:  --Bruckner’s Fifth Symphony//\n  2  also symphony orchestra :  a large group of classical musicians led by a conductor//  -- symphonic/s[hA366]mf[hA361]n[hA366]k $ -f[hA35A][hA359]-/ adj //


Words: symposium
Meaning:
n   plural  symposiums  or  symposia /-zi[hA353]/ [C] //  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: Greek symposion, from  sympinein  ’to drink together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  pinein  ’to drink’]//\n  1 a formal meeting in which people who know a lot about a particular subject have discussions about it:    conference//  symposium on//  --a symposium on women’s health//\n  2 a group of articles on a particular subject collected together in a book:


Words: symptom
Meaning:
W3   n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: symptoma, from  Greek,  ’something that happens, symptom’, from  sympiptein  ’to happen’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  piptein  ’to fall’]//\n  1 something wrong with your body or mind which shows that you have a particular illness:  symptom of//  --Common symptoms of diabetes are weight loss and fatigue.//\n  2 a sign that a serious problem exists:  symptom of//  --The disappearance of jobs is a symptom of a deeper socio-economic change.//


Words: symptomatic
Meaning:
adj \n  1  formal if a situation or type of behaviour is symptomatic of something, it shows that a serious problem exists:  symptomatic of//  --The rise in unemployment is symptomatic of a general decline in the economy.//\n  2  medical showing that someone has a particular illness:  -- symptomatically/-kli/ adv //


Words: syn-
Meaning:
prefix   [Language: Old French; Origin: Latin, from  Greek, from  syn  ’with, together with’]//  together//  --a synthesis (=combining of separate things) //


Words: synagogue
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: synagoge, from  Late Latin, from  Greek ’gathering of people, synagogue’, from  synagein  ’to bring together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  agein  ’to lead’]//  a building where Jewish people meet for religious worship//


Words: synapse
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: synapsis, from  Greek,  ’joint’, from  synaptein  ’to fasten together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  haptein  ’to fasten’]//  the place where nerve cells meet, especially in the brain//  -- synaptic/s[hA366]n[zB024]pt[hA366]k/ adj //\nsync 1  synch/s[hA366][hA26E]k/ n   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: synchronization]//\n  1  in sync (with sth/sb):  a) if things are in sync, they are working well together at exactly the same time and speed//  be/move/work in sync //  --The two mechanisms have to work in sync.//  --The soundtrack is not quite in sync with the picture.//  b) matching or in agreement//  --a celebrity who is in sync with young people’s lifestyles//  --The President is in sync with Thompson’s views on many issues.//\n  2  out of sync (with sth/sb):  a) if things are out of sync, they are not working well together at exactly the same time and speed//  b) not matching or not in agreement//\nsync 2  synch also sync sth →  up  v [I and T]   to arrange for two or more things to happen at exactly the same time, or to happen at the same time or in the same way as something else//   synchronize//  --The hardest part was syncing the music to the video.//  --Wait for the computer to synch up with your command.//


Words: synchronicity
Meaning:
n [U]   when two or more events happen at the same time or place and seem to be connected in some way//


Words: synchronize
Meaning:
also  synchronise BrE   v \n  1 [I and T] to happen at exactly the same time, or to arrange for two or more actions to happen at exactly the same time:  synchronize sth with sth//  --Businesses must synchronize their production choices with consumer choices.//\n  2  synchronize your watches:  to make two or more watches show exactly the same time//  -- synchronization/s[hA366][hA26E]kr[hA353]na[hA366]ze[hA366][hA35D][hA368]n $ -n[hA353]-/ n  [U] //


Words: synchronous
Meaning:
adj  formal   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: synchronos, from  Greek, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  chronos  ’time’]//  if two or more things are synchronous, they happen at the same time or work at the same speed//


Words: syndicalism
Meaning:
n [U]   a political system in which workers control industry, or a belief in this type of system//  -- syndicalist n  [C] //  -- syndicalist adj //


Words: syndicate
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: syndicat, from  syndic  ’someone who does business for another’, from  Late Latin syndicus, from  Greek, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  dike  ’judgment, law case’]//  a group of people or companies who join together in order to achieve a particular aim//  syndicate of//  --a syndicate of banks//\nsyndicate 2   v   [T usually passive] to arrange for written work, photographs etc to be sold to a number of different newspapers, magazines etc//  --His column is syndicated throughout America.//  -- syndication/s[hA366]nd[hA369]ke[hA366][hA35D][hA368]n/ n  [U] //


Words: syndrome
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Greek,  ’combination, syndrome’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  dramein  ’to run’]//\n  1  medical an illness which consists of a set of physical or mental problems - often used in the name of illnesses:  --people who suffer from irritable bowel syndrome//\n  2 a set of qualities, events, or types of behaviour that is typical of a particular kind of problem:  --’The underdog syndrome’ is a belief that things are beyond your control.//


Words: synergy
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: synergia, from  Greek synergos  ’working together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  ergon  ’work’]//   technical the additional effectiveness when two or more companies or people combine and work together//


Words: Synge
Meaning:
J. M.   (1871-1909) an Irish writer famous for his plays such as  The Playboy of the Western World//


Words: synod
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Late Latin; Origin: synodus, from  Greek synodos  ’meeting’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  hodos  ’way’]//  an important meeting of church members//


Words: synonym
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: synonymum, from  Greek, from  synonymos  ’synonymous’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  onyma  ’name’]//  a word with the same meaning as another word in the same language//    antonym//  synonym for/of//  --’Shut’ is a synonym of ’closed’.//


Words: synonymous
Meaning:
adj \n  1 something that is synonymous with something else is considered to be very closely connected with it:  synonymous with//  --Nixon’s name has become synonymous with political scandal.//\n  2 two words that are synonymous have the same meaning:  -- synonymously adv //


Words: synopsis
Meaning:
n   plural  synopses /-si[hA359]z///  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: Greek, from  synopsesthai  ’to be going to see together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  opsesthai  ’to be going to see’]//  [C] a short description of the main events or ideas in a book, film etc//   summary//  synopsis of//  --a synopsis of the play//


Words: syntax
Meaning:
n [U]  technical   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: syntaxe, from  Late Latin syntaxis, from  Greek, from  syntassein  ’to arrange together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  tassein  ’to arrange’]//\n  1 the way words are arranged to form sentences or phrases, or the rules of grammar which control this:\n  2 the rules that describe how words and phrases are used in a computer language:


Words: synthesis
Meaning:
n   plural  syntheses /-si[hA359]z///  [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Greek; Origin: syntithenai  ’to put together’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  tithenai  ’to put’]//\n  1 [U and C] something that has been made by combining different things, or the process of combining things:   combination//  synthesis of//  --a synthesis of Eastern and Western philosophical ideas//\n  2 [U] the act of making a chemical or biological substance:  synthesis of//  --the synthesis of proteins//\n  3 [U] the production of sounds, speech, or music electronically:  --speech synthesis software//


Words: synthesize
Meaning:
also  synthesise BrE   v [T] \n  1 to make something by combining different things or substances:  --DDT is a pesticide that was first synthesized in 1874.//\n  2 to combine separate things into a complete whole:\n  3 to produce sounds, speech, or music electronically:


Words: synthesizer
Meaning:
also  synthesiser BrE   n [C]   an electronic instrument that produces the sounds of various musical instruments//


Words: synthespian
Meaning:
n [C]   an actor who seems like a real person, but who is an image made using a computer//   VActor//


Words: synthetic
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Greek; Origin: synthetikos, from  syntithenai;   SYNTHESIS]//  produced by combining different artificial substances, rather than being naturally produced//  --synthetic chemicals//  synthetic fibres/materials/fabrics //  -- synthetically/-kli/ adv //


Words: syphilis
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Syphilus, main character in the 16th-century poem Syphilis sive Morbus Gallicus  ’Syphilis or the French disease’ by Girolamo Fracastoro]//  a very serious disease that is passed from one person to another during sexual activity//  -- syphilitic/s[hA366]f[hA369]l[hA366]t[hA366]k[hA36B]/ adj //


Words: Syracuse
Meaning:
1 a port and town on the east coast of the Italian island of Sicily, built by Greeks in the 8th century BC:\n  2 a city in the northern part of New York State in the US:


Words: Syria
Meaning:
a country in west Asia, south of Turkey and west of Iraq. Population 16,729,000 (2001). Capital: Damascus.//  -- Syrian n  adj //


Words: syringe
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: syringa, from  Greek syrinx  ’tube’]//  an instrument for taking blood from someone’s body or putting liquid, drugs etc into it, consisting of a hollow plastic tube and a needle//\nsyringe 2 v [T]   to clean something with a syringe, for example your ears//


Words: syrup
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: sirop, from  Medieval Latin, from  Arabic sharab  ’drink, wine, syrup’, from  shariba  ’to drink’]//\n  1 a thick sticky sweet liquid, eaten on top of or mixed with other foods:  --ice cream and maple syrup//\n  2 sweet liquid made from sugar and water, used in cans of fruit:    cough syrup at cough mixture//


Words: syrupy
Meaning:
adj \n  1 thick and sticky like syrup or containing syrup:  --a syrupy liquid//\n  2 too nice or kind in a way that seems insincere - used in order to show disapproval:  --a syrupy speech//


Words: system
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 related parts:\n   2 method:\n   3 computers:\n   4 somebody’s system:\n   5 all systems go:\n   6 the system:\n   7 get something out of your system:\n   8 order:  ----------//  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: systema, from  Greek, from  synistanai  ’to combine’, from  syn- (  SYN-) +  histanai  ’to cause to stand’]//\n  1 RELATED PARTS:   [C] a group of related parts that work together as a whole for a particular purpose//  --an alarm system//  --a well-designed heating system//  --the digestive system//  --the railway system//  --the banking system//  political/legal/education system //  --a fundamental reform of the country’s political system//  system of//  --the British system of government//\n  2 METHOD:   [C] an organized set of ideas, methods, or ways of working//  system of/for doing sth//  --a system for dealing with complaints from customers//  --I don’t understand your filing system.//  under a system//  --Under the present system, we do not have any flexibility.//\n  3 COMPUTERS:   [C] a group of computers that are connected to each other//  --The system has crashed. (=stopped working) //\n  4  sb’s system:  someone’s body - used when you are talking about its medical or physical condition//  --All this overeating is not good for my system.//\n  5  all systems go:  used, sometimes humorously, to say that you are ready to do something or that something is ready to happen//\n  6  the system:  the official rules and powerful organizations that restrict what you can do//  --You can’t beat the system .//\n  7  get sth out of your system:   informal to do something that helps you get rid of unpleasant strong feelings//  --I was furious, so I went for a run to get it out of my system.//\n  8 ORDER:   [U] the use of sensible and organized methods//  --We need a bit more system in the way we organize our files.//


Words: system tray
Meaning:
n [C]   the place where the clock and some icons (=small pictures that are used to start a particular operation)  are shown on a computer screen//


Words: systematic
Meaning:
adj   organized carefully and done thoroughly//  a systematic approach/way/method //  --a systematic approach to solving the problem//  --a systematic way of organizing your work//  -- systematically/-kli/ adv //


Words: systematize
Meaning:
also  systematise BrE   v [T]   to put facts, numbers, ideas etc into a particular order//  -- systematization/s[hA366]st[hA369]m[hA353]ta[hA366]ze[hA366][hA35D][hA368]n $ -m[hA353]t[hA353]-/ n  [U] //


Words: systemic
Meaning:
adj  technical  or  formal   affecting the whole of something//  --a systemic disease//  --a systemic insecticide//  --Corruption in the police force is systemic.//


Words: systems analyst
Meaning:
n [C]   someone whose job is to study a company’s computer needs and provide them with suitable software and equipment//  -- systems analysis n  [U] //


Words: T
Meaning:
t/ti[hA359]/ n   plural  T’s  t’s //\n  1 [U and C] the 20th letter of the English alphabet:\n  2  to a T/tee:   informal perfectly or exactly//  --That dress suits you to a T .//    T-bone steak,  T-junction,  T-shirt,  T-square//


Words: T cell
Meaning:
n [C]  British English  medical   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin:  T from  thymus-derived]//  a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight disease//


Words: T’ai Chi
Meaning:
n [U]   a Chinese form of exercise that involves extremely slow movements, and that trains your mind and body//


Words: T-shirt
Meaning:
tee-shirt/ti[hA359] [hA35D][hA362][hA359]t $ -[hA35D][hA362][hA359]rt/ n [C]   football, T-shirt, whistle//  [Date: 1900-2000; Origin:  Because it is shaped like the letter T]//  a soft shirt with short sleeves and no collar//  --She was wearing jeans and a T-shirt.//


Words: TA
Meaning:
n \n  1 [singular]  BrE the abbreviation of Territorial Army:\n  2 [C]  AmE the abbreviation of teaching assistant:


Words: ta
Meaning:
S3   BrE  informal   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin:  From a baby’s way of saying  thank you]//  thank you//


Words: tab
Meaning:
n [C]   ----------//\n   1 in typing:\n   2 money that you owe:\n   3 pick up the tab:\n   4 to open:\n   5 small piece of paper/plastic etc:\n   6 :\n   7 keep (close) tabs on somebody/something:\n   8 drug:\n   9 cigarette:  ----------//  [Sense: 1; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tabulator  ’tab key’ (19-21 centuries), from  tabulate]//  [Sense: 2-3; Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  Partly from  table]//  [Sense: 4-7, 9; Date: 1600-1700; Origin:  Origin unknown.]//  [Sense: 8; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tablet]//\n  1 IN TYPING:  a tab key//\n  2 MONEY THAT YOU OWE:  an amount of money that you owe, or a record of an amount of money that you owe//  --The tab for the campaign was nearly $500 million.//  --I’ll put it on your tab and you can pay tomorrow.//  --He ran up a $4000 tab in long-distance calls.//\n  3  pick up the tab:  to pay for something, especially when it is not your responsibility to pay//  --Taxpayers will pick up the tab for the stadium.//\n  4 TO OPEN:  a)  especially AmE a small piece of metal that you pull to open a can of drink//  British Equivalent:  ring pull//  b) a small piece of metal, plastic, or paper that you pull to open something//\n  5 SMALL PIECE OF PAPER/PLASTIC ETC:  a small piece of paper, cloth, plastic etc that sticks out from the edge of something, so that you can find it more easily//  --an index tab labeled ’Blackman’//\n  6  also license tab  AmE :  a small piece of sticky plastic with a date on it that you put on your car’s license plate to show that the car is legally allowed on the road//\n  7  keep (close) tabs on sb/sth:   informal to watch someone or something carefully to check what they are doing//  --The police have been keeping tabs on Rogers since he got out of prison.//\n  8 DRUG:   informal a form of the illegal drug LSD or ecstasy//  --a tab of acid//\n  9 CIGARETTE:   BrE  informal a cigarette//\ntab 2 v   past tense and past participle  tabbed present participle  tabbing //  [I] to press the tab key on a computer or typewriter//


Words: tab key
Meaning:
also tab stop  n [C]   a button on a computer or typewriter that you press in order to move forward to a particular place on a line of writing//   tab//


Words: tabard
Meaning:
n [C]  BrE   a piece of clothing that covers your chest and back and has no sleeves, worn over a shirt or jacket//


Words: tabby
Meaning:
n   plural  tabbies  [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: tabby type of striped cloth  (16-19 centuries), from  French tabis, from  Medieval Latin attabi, from  Arabic, from  Al-’Attabiya part of Baghdad where the cloth was originally made]//  a cat with light and dark lines on its fur//  -- tabby adj //


Words: tabernacle
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin tabernaculum  ’tent’, from  taberna;   TAVERN]//\n  1 a church or other building used by some Christian groups as a place of worship:\n  2 a box in which holy bread and wine are kept in Catholic churches:\n  3  the Tabernacle:  the small tent in which the ancient Jews kept their most holy objects//


Words: table
Meaning:
n [C]   ----------//\n   1 furniture:\n   2 sport/game:\n   3 list:\n   4 on the table:\n   5 turn the tables (on somebody):\n   6 under the table:\n   7 maths:\n   8 group:  ----------//  [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin tabula  ’board, list’]//\n  1 FURNITURE:  a piece of furniture with a flat top supported by legs//  --the dining-room table//  lay the table  BrE //  set the table  AmE  (=put knives, forks etc on a table before a meal) //  --The waiter cleared the table  (=took all the plates, glasses etc off) .//  book/reserve a table (=in a restaurant) //  --I’ve booked a table for two for 8 o’clock.//  coffee/bedside/dinner table //\n  2 SPORT/GAME:   snooker/billiard/ping-pong etc table//  a special table for playing a particular indoor sport or game on//\n  3 LIST:  a list of numbers, facts, or information arranged in rows across and down a page//  table of//  --a table of results //  --the table of contents //\n  4  on the table:  an offer, idea etc that is on the table has been officially suggested and someone is considering it//  --The offer on the table at the moment is a 10% wage increase.//\n  5  turn the tables (on sb):  to change a situation completely, so that someone loses an advantage and you gain one//  --The tables were turned in the second half, when Leeds United scored from the penalty spot.//\n  6  under the table:   informal money that is paid under the table is paid secretly and illegally//  --Payments were made under the table to local officials.//\n  7 MATHS:   times table//  a list that young children learn, in which all the numbers between 1 and 12 are multiplied by each other//   multiplication table//  three/four etc times table //  --He’s 12 years old and still doesn’t know his three times table.//\n  8 GROUP:  the group of people sitting around a table//  --His stories kept the whole table amused.//\ntable 2 v [T] \n  1  table a proposal/question/motion etc:   BrE to formally present a proposal etc for other people to discuss//  --Dr Clark tabled a motion for debate at next month’s committee meeting.//\n  2  table a bill/measure/proposal etc:   AmE to leave a bill etc to be discussed or dealt with in the future//


Words: table d’h[hA175]te
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE   a meal served in a restaurant at a fixed price, with a limited number of dishes you can choose from//    a la carte//


Words: table dancing
Meaning:
n [U]   dancing with sexy movements that is performed close to a customer’s table in a restaurant or nightclub//


Words: table football
Meaning:
BrE  n [U]   a game played on a special table by two players or teams. You score goals by moving rows of model football players from side to side so that they can kick the ball, using handles attached to the players//    foosball//


Words: table manners
Meaning:
n [plural]   the way in which someone eats their food - used when considering how socially acceptable it is//  --Their children have very good table manners.//


Words: table mat
Meaning:
n [C]  BrE   a small board or piece of cloth that you put under a hot dish or plate to protect the table//


Words: Table Mountain
Meaning:
a high mountain in South Africa with steep sides and a flat top like a table. It stands behind the city of Cape Town.//


Words: table tennis
Meaning:
n [U]   an indoor game played on a table by two or four players who hit a small plastic ball to each other across a net//   ping-pong//


Words: tableau
Meaning:
n   plural  tableaux /-l[hA353][hA35E]z $ -lo[hA35E]z/ [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: table]//\n  1 a group of people shown in a work of art:\n  2 a group of people arranged on stage like a picture:\n  3 something you see that looks like a picture, especially a group of people who are not moving or speaking:


Words: tablespoon
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a large spoon used for serving food:\n  2  also tablespoonful /-spu[hA359]nf[hA35E]l/:   written abbreviation tbsp //   or tbs //  the amount that a tablespoon can hold, used as a unit for measuring food or liquid in cooking//  tablespoon of//  --two tablespoons of flour//


Words: tablet
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tablete, from  table]//\n  1 a small round hard piece of medicine which you swallow:   pill//  --She took a couple of headache tablets .//  vitamin/sleeping/indigestion etc tablet //\n  2 a small hard piece of a substance, especially one that dissolves in water:  --water purification tablets//\n  3 a flat piece of stone or clay with words cut into it, for example above someone’s grave:\n  4  be written/set/cast in tablets of stone:   BrE used to say that something does not change//  --The programme should not be set in tablets of stone, but improved continuously.//\n  5  AmE a set of pieces of paper for writing on that are glued together at the top:  British Equivalent:  pad//


Words: tabloid
Meaning:
n  also tabloid newspaper  [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: Tabloid a trademark for a medicinal tablet  (19-20 centuries); because of the small size of the tablet]//  a newspaper that has small pages, a lot of photographs, and stories mainly about sex, famous people etc rather than serious news//    broadsheet//  -- tabloid adj  [only before noun] //  --tabloid journalists//


Words: taboo
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Tongan; Origin: tabu]//\n  1 a taboo subject, word, activity etc is one that people avoid because it is extremely offensive or embarrassing:  --Rape is a taboo subject .//\n  2 not accepted as socially correct:  --It’s taboo to date a man a lot younger than you.//\n  3 too holy or evil to be touched or used:\ntaboo 2   plural  taboos  n [C] //  a custom that says you must avoid a particular activity or subject, either because it is considered offensive or because your religion does not allow it//  taboo about/on/against//  --There are taboos against appearing naked in public places.//


Words: tabula rasa
Meaning:
n [singular]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: ’writing board with everything cleaned off it’]//   literary your mind in its original state, before you have learned anything//


Words: tabular
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: tabularis, from  tabula;   TABLE1]//  arranged in rows across and down a page, in the form of a table//


Words: tabulate
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Late Latin; Origin: , past participle of  tabulare, from  Latin tabula;   TABLE1]//  to arrange figures or information together in a set or a list, so that they can be easily compared//  -- tabulation/t[zB024]bj[hA36A]le[hA366][hA35D][hA368]n/ n  [U and C] //


Words: tachograph
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   a piece of equipment for recording the speed of a vehicle, the distance it has travelled etc//


Words: tachometer
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Greek; Origin: tachos  ’speed’ +  English -meter]//  a piece of equipment used to measure the speed at which the engine of a vehicle turns//


Words: tacit
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: tacite, from  Latin tacitus, from  tacere  ’to be silent’]//  tacit agreement, approval, support etc is given without anything actually being said//  --a tacit agreement between the three big companies//  -- tacitly adv //


Words: taciturn
Meaning:
adj  formal   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: taciturne, from  Latin taciturnus, from  tacitus;   TACIT]//  speaking very little, so that you seem unfriendly//  -- taciturnity/t[zB024]s[hA369]t[hA362][hA359]n[hA369]ti $ -[hA362][hA359]r-/ n  [U] //


Words: tack
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 nail:\n   2 pin:\n   3 way of doing something:\n   4 ship:\n   5 horses:\n   6 sewing:\n   7 ugly objects:  ----------//  [Sense: 1-4, 6; Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old North French; Origin: taque  ’fastening’]//  [Sense: 5; Date: 1700-1800; Origin:  TACKLE2]//  [Sense: 7; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tacky]//\n  1 NAIL:   [C] a small nail with a sharp point and a flat top//\n  2 PIN:   [C]  AmE a short pin with a large round flat top, for attaching notices to boards, walls etc//   thumbtack//  British Equivalent:  drawing pin//\n  3 WAY OF DOING SOMETHING:   [U and C] the way you deal with a particular situation or a method that you use to achieve something//  --If that doesn’t work, we’ll try a different tack .//  --Rudy changed tack , his tone suddenly becoming friendly.//\n  4 SHIP:  a)  [U and C] the direction that a sailing boat moves, depending on the direction of the wind and the position of its sails//  b)  [C] the action of changing the direction of a sailing boat, or the distance it travels between these changes//  --a long tack into the bay//\n  5 HORSES:   [U]  technical the equipment you need for riding a horse, such as a saddle etc//\n  6 SEWING:   [C] a long loose stitch used for fastening pieces of cloth together before sewing them//\n  7 UGLY OBJECTS:   [U]  BrE ugly cheap objects sold as decorations//  --souvenir shops full of tack//\ntack 2 v \n  1 [T always + adverb/preposition] to attach something to a wall, board etc, using a tack:  tack sth to sth//  --A handwritten note was tacked to the wall.//\n  2 [I] to change the course of a sailing ship so that the wind blows against its sails from the opposite direction:\n  3 [T] to fasten pieces of cloth together with long loose stitches, before sewing them:  tack on [tack sth → on] phr v//  to add something new to something that is already complete, especially in a way that looks wrong or spoils the original thing//  --a beautiful old house with a hideous modern extension tacked on at the back//


Words: tackle
Meaning:
W3S3   v \n  1 [T] to try to deal with a difficult problem:  --There is more than one way to tackle the problem.//  --It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze .//\n  2 [I and T] :  a) to try to take the ball away from an opponent in a game such as football or hockey//  b) to force someone to the ground so that they stop running, in a game such as American football or rugby//\n  3 [T]  BrE to talk to someone in order to deal with a difficult problem:  tackle sb about sth//  --When I tackled Susan about it, she admitted she’d made a mistake.//\n  4 [T] to start fighting someone, especially a criminal:  --I certainly couldn’t tackle both of them on my own.//  -- tackler n  [C] //\ntackle 2 n   [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Probably from  Middle Low German takel  ’ship’s equipment’, from  taken  ’to seize’]//\n  1 [C] :  a) an attempt to take the ball from an opponent in a game such as football//  b) an attempt to stop an opponent by forcing them to the ground, especially in American football or rugby//\n  2 [C] a player in American football who stops other players by tackling them or preventing them from moving forward:\n  3 [U] the equipment used in some sports and activities, especially fishing:\n  4 [U and C] ropes and pulleys (=wheels) used for lifting heavy things:\n  5 [U]  BrE  informal a man’s sexual organs:


Words: tacky
Meaning:
adj   [Sense: 1-2; Date: 1800-1900; Origin: tacky  ’horse in poor condition’ (1800-1900).]//  [Sense: 3; Date: 1700-1800; Origin:  TACK1]//\n  1 if something is tacky, it looks cheap or badly made, and shows poor taste:  --tacky ornaments//\n  2  especially AmE showing that you do not have good judgment about what is socially acceptable:  --It’s kind of tacky to give her a present that someone else gave you.//\n  3 slightly sticky:  --The paint’s still slightly tacky.//  -- tackily adv //  -- tackiness n  [U] //


Words: taco
Meaning:
n   plural  tacos  [C] //  [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Mexican Spanish; Origin: Spanish,  ’wad, snack’]//  a type of Mexican food made from a corn tortilla that is folded in half and filled with meat, beans etc//


Words: tact
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: ’sense of touch’, from  Latin tactus, from  tangere  ’to touch’]//  the ability to be careful about what you say or do, so that you do not upset or embarrass other people//    tactful, tactless//  --With great tact, Clive persuaded her to apologize.//


Words: tactful
Meaning:
adj   not likely to upset or embarrass other people//  → tactless//  --There was no tactful way of phrasing what he wanted to say.//  --a tactful man//  -- tactfully adv //


Words: tactic
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: tactica, from  Greek taktika, from  tassein  ’to arrange, place in battle formation’]//\n  1 a method that you use to achieve something:  --a tactic employed to speed up the peace process//  --Republicans accuse Democrats of using delaying tactics  (=something you do in order to give yourself more time) to prevent a final vote on the bill.//  -- Shock tactics are being used in an attempt to stop drink drivers.//\n  2  tactics [plural] the science of arranging and moving military forces in a battle:    strong-arm tactics at strong-arm//


Words: tactical
Meaning:
adj \n  1 relating to what you do to achieve what you want, especially as part of a game or large plan:  --Two players were substituted for tactical reasons .//  tactical move/decision/ploy //  --an immediate tactical decision to send in troops//  tactical error/mistake/blunder (=a mistake that will harm your plans later) //\n  2  tactical weapon/missile:  a missile that is sent a short distance in military battle//\n  3 relating to the way military forces are arranged in a battle:  -- tactically/-kli/ adv //


Words: tactical voting
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE   the practice of voting for a political party that you do not support in order to prevent another party from winning an election//


Words: tactile
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: Latin tactilis, from  tactus;   TACT]//\n  1 relating to your sense of touch:  -- tactile sensations //\n  2 a tactile person likes to touch people, for example when talking to them:


Words: tactless
Meaning:
adj   likely to upset or embarrass someone without intending to//  → tactful//  --I thought it would be tactless to ask about her divorce.//  --She’s one of the most tactless people I’ve ever met.//  --a tactless remark //  -- tactlessly adv //  -- tactlessness n  [U] //


Words: tad
Meaning:
n  spoken   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tad  ’small boy’ (19-20 centuries), perhaps from  English dialect tad  ’toad’]//  a tad//  a) a small amount//  --’Would you like some milk?’ ’Just a tad.’//  b) slightly//  --It’s a tad expensive.//


Words: tadpole
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: toad +  poll  ’head’ (  POLL1)]//  a small creature that has a long tail, lives in water, and grows into a frog or toad//


Words: taekwondo
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Korean; Origin: ’art of hand-and-foot fighting’]//  a style of fighting from Korea, and also a sport, in which you kick and hit but do not use weapons//    karate//


Words: taffeta
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: taffetas, from  Turkish tafta, from  Persian taftah  ’woven’]//  a shiny stiff cloth made from silk or nylon//


Words: taffy plural
Meaning:
taffies  n [U and C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  Probably from  toffee]//   AmE a type of soft chewy sweet//


Words: Taft
Meaning:
William Howard   (1857-1930) the twenty-seventh president of the US, from 1909 to 1913. He was also Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1921 to 1930.//


Words: tag
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 small piece of paper etc:\n   2 game:\n   3 electronic object:\n   4 computer:\n   5 name:\n   6 grammar:\n   7 name painted on wall:\n   8 car:  ----------//\n  1 SMALL PIECE OF PAPER ETC:   [C] a small piece of paper, plastic etc attached to something to show what it is, who owns it, what it costs etc//  name/identity/price tag //  --All the staff wore name tags.//    dog tag//\n  2 GAME:   [U] a children’s game in which one player chases and tries to touch the others//\n  3 ELECTRONIC OBJECT:   also electronic tag //   [C]  BrE a piece of equipment that you attach to an animal or person, especially someone who has just left prison, so that you always know where they are//\n  4 COMPUTER:   [C] a computer code attached to a word or phrase in a computer document in order to arrange the data in a particular way//\n  5 NAME:   [C] a word or phrase which is used to describe a person, group, or thing, but which is often unfair or not correct//  --His speed earned him the tag of ’the runner’.//\n  6 GRAMMAR:   [C]  technical a tag question//\n  7 NAME PAINTED ON WALL:   [C]  informal  especially AmE someone’s name that they paint illegally on a wall, vehicle etc//\n  8 CAR:   AmE //  a)  tags [plural]  informal the license plates on a car//  b)  [C] a small piece of sticky plastic with a date on it that you put on your car’s license plate to show that the car is legally allowed on the road in that year//\ntag 2   past tense and past participle  tagged present participle  tagging  v [T] //\n  1 to attach a tag to something:  --Each bird was tagged and released into the wild.//\n  2 to give someone or something a name or title, or describe them in a particular way:  be tagged (as) sth//  --The country no longer wants to be tagged as a Third World nation.//\n  3 to attach a tag in a computer program or document:  --All the words are tagged with their part of speech.//\n  4  informal to illegally paint your name on a wall, vehicle etc:\n  5  AmE to touch someone you are chasing in a game, especially to touch someone with the ball in baseball:  tag along phr v//  to go somewhere with someone, especially when they have not asked you to go with them//  British Equivalent:  tag on//  tag along with//  --Kate tagged along with mum and Vicky.//  tag on phr v//\n  1  tag sth → on:  to add something, especially something that was thought of later//\n  2  BrE to tag along:


Words: tag question
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   a question that is formed by adding a phrase such as ’can’t we?’, ’wouldn’t he?’, or ’is it?’ to a sentence//


Words: tagalong
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  BrE something that is attached to and pulled behind something else:  --The tagalong attaches to an adult’s bicycle.//\n  2 someone who goes somewhere with someone else:  --We were tagalongs on my parents’ vacations.//


Words: tagging
Meaning:
n [U]  especially AmE   when someone illegally paints their name or symbol on a wall, vehicle etc//  -- tagger n  [C] //


Words: tagliatelle
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Italian; Origin: tagliare  ’to cut into thin pieces’]//  a type of pasta that is cut into very long thin flat pieces//


Words: Tagore
Meaning:
Rabindranath   (1861-1941) a Bengali Indian writer, one of the most important Indian writers of the 20th century. His works include  Gitanjali, and  Chitra, a play which he translated into English//


Words: Tahiti
Meaning:
an island in French Polynesia, in the Pacific Ocean, which is governed by France. It is well known for being a very beautiful place.//


Words: tail
Meaning:
W3S2   n [C]   ----------//\n   1 animal:\n   2 aircraft:\n   3 shirt:\n   4 back part:\n   5 tails:\n   6 the tail end of something:\n   7 be on somebody’s tail:\n   8 follow:\n   9 turn tail:\n  10 with your tail between your legs:\n  11 it’s (a case of) the tail wagging the dog:\n  12 chase tail:  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: t[zB024]gel]//\n  1 ANIMAL:  the part that sticks out at the back of an animal’s body, and that it can move//  --The dog wagged its tail .//  white-tailed/long-tailed etc //  --a white-tailed eagle//  cockpit, wing, tail//\n  2 AIRCRAFT:  the back part of an aircraft//\n  3 SHIRT:  the bottom part of your shirt at the back, that you put inside your trousers//\n  4 BACK PART:   [usually singular] the back or last part of something, especially something that is moving away from you//  --We saw the tail of the procession disappearing round the corner.//\n  5  tails:  a)  [plural] a man’s jacket which is short at the front and divides into two long pieces at the back, worn to very formal events//   tailcoat//  b)  [U]  spoken said when you are tossing a coin (=throwing it up in the air to decide which of two things you will do or choose) //  → heads//\n  6  the tail end of sth:  the last part of an event, situation, or period of time//\n  7  be on sb’s tail:   informal to be following someone closely//\n  8 FOLLOW:   informal someone who is employed to watch and follow someone, especially a criminal//  put a tail on sb (=order someone to follow another person) //\n  9  turn tail:   informal to run away because you are too frightened to fight or attack//\n  10  with your tail between your legs:  embarrassed or unhappy because you have failed or been defeated//\n  11  it’s (a case of) the tail wagging the dog:   informal used to say that an unimportant thing is wrongly controlling a situation//\n  12  chase tail:   AmE  informal to try to get a woman to have sex with you//\ntail 2 v [T]    informal to follow someone and watch what they do, where they go etc//  --The police have been tailing him for several months.//  tail away phr v//  to tail off//  tail back phr v//   BrE if traffic tails back, a long line of cars forms, for example because the road is blocked//  tail off phr v//\n  1 to become gradually less, smaller etc, and often stop or disappear completely:  --Profits tailed off towards the end of the year.//\n  2  written if someone’s voice tails off, it becomes quieter and then stops:  --’I didn’t mean ...’ Her voice tailed off in embarrassment.//


Words: tailback
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  BrE a line of traffic that is moving very slowly or not moving at all:  --a five-mile tailback on the M25//\n  2  AmE the player who is the furthest back from the front line in American football:


Words: tailcoat
Meaning:
n [C]   a man’s jacket which is short at the front and divided into two long pieces at the back, worn to very formal events//   tails//


Words: tailgate
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE \n  1 a door at the back of a truck or car that opens out and down:\n  2 a tailgate party:\ntailgate 2 v [I and T]   to drive too closely to the vehicle in front of you//


Words: tailgate party
Meaning:
also tailgate  n [C]  AmE   a party before an American football game, where people eat and drink near their cars in the car park of the place where the game is played//


Words: tailor
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: tailleur, from  taillier  ’to cut’, from  Late Latin taliare, from  Latin talea  ’small stick, piece cut off a plant for regrowing’]//  someone whose job is to make men’s clothes, that are measured to fit each customer perfectly//    dressmaker//\ntailor 2 v [T]   to make something so that it is exactly right for someone’s particular needs or for a particular purpose//  tailor sth to sth//  --Treatment is tailored to the needs of each patient.//  tailor sth to meet/suit sb’s needs/requirements //  --The classes are tailored to suit learners’ needs.//  tailor sth for sb//  --We tailored the part specifically for her.//


Words: tailor-made
Meaning:
adj   exactly right or suitable for someone or something//  tailor-made for//  --The job’s tailor-made for you.//  tailor-made to//  --insurance tailor-made to each client’s requirements//


Words: tailored
Meaning:
adj \n  1 a piece of clothing that is tailored is made to fit very well:  --a tailored suit//\n  2 made or done specially for someone’s particular need or situation:  --tailored financial advice//


Words: tailspin
Meaning:
n [C usually singular] \n  1  in/into a tailspin:  in or into a bad situation that keeps getting worse in a way that you cannot control//  --Raising interest rates could send the economy into a tailspin .//\n  2 when a plane falls through the air, with the front pointing downwards and the back spinning in a circle:


Words: tailwind
Meaning:
n [C]   a wind blowing in the same direction that something or someone is travelling//    headwind//


Words: taint
Meaning:
v [T usually passive]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Partly from  Anglo-French teinter  ’to color’, from  Latin tingere (  TINGE2); partly from  Old French ataint, from  ataindre (  ATTAIN)]//\n  1 if something bad taints a situation or person, it makes the person or situation seem bad:  --Baker argues that his trial was tainted by negative publicity.//\n  2 to damage something by adding an unwanted substance to it:  taint sth with sth//  --The water had been tainted with a deadly toxin.//\ntaint 2 n [singular]   the appearance of being related to something bad or morally wrong//  taint of//  --The city has suffered for many years under the taint of corruption.//


Words: tainted
Meaning:
adj  especially  AmE \n  1 a tainted substance, especially food or drink, is not safe because it is spoiled or contains a harmful substance or poison:  --a tainted blood supply//\n  2 affected or influenced by something illegal, dishonest, or morally wrong:  --a tainted witness//


Words: Taipei
Meaning:
the largest city of Taiwan. It is surrounded by mountains, and its most important industries are making  textiles, clothing, machinery, and ships. //


Words: Taiwan
Meaning:
an island off the southeast coast of China. Population: 22,370,000 (2001). Largest city: Taipei. Taiwan, which was formerly called Formosa, has experienced rapid economic development since the 1950s and has many factories.//  -- Taiwanese n  adj //


Words: Taj Mahal
Meaning:
the Taj Mahal//  a beautiful building made of white  marble (=a type of smooth, hard rock)  in Agra, northern India, built as a  mausoleum (=a building containing a grave)  for his wife by the  emperor Shah Jahan in the 17th century. It is one of the world’s most famous buildings, and is visited by many tourists.//


Words: Tajikistan
Meaning:
a country in central Asia, between Uzbekistan and China, formerly part of the  Soviet Union. Population: 6,579,000 (2001). Capital: Dushanbe. //  -- TajikTajikistani //   n  adj //


Words: take
Meaning:
v   past tense  took /t[hA35E]k///  past participle  taken /te[hA366]k[hA353]n///  ----------//\n   1 action:\n   2 move:\n   3 remove:\n   4 time/money/effort etc:\n   5 accept:\n   6 hold something:\n   7 travel:\n   8 study:\n   9 test:\n  10 suitable:\n  11 collect:\n  12 consider:\n  13 feelings:\n  14 control:\n  15 medicine/drugs:\n  16 do you take sugar/milk?:\n  17 level:\n  18 measure:\n  19 numbers:\n  20 money:\n  21 somebody can take it or leave it:\n  22 take somebody/something (for example):\n  23 teach:\n  24 write:\n  25 take somebody out of themselves:\n  26 take a lot out of you/take it out of you:\n  27 take it upon/on yourself to do something:\n  28 take something to bits/pieces:\n  29 be taken with/by something:\n  30 be taken ill/sick:\n  31 sex:\n  32 take a bend/fence/corner etc:\n  33 have an effect:  Phrasal verbs//   be taken aback//   take after somebody//   take somebody/something apart//   take against somebody/something//   take  somebody/something →  away//   take away from something//   take  somebody/something →  back//   take something → down//   take somebody/something →  in//   take off//   take somebody/something →  on//   take  somebody/something →  out//   take something out on somebody//   take over//   take to somebody/something//   take something up//   take somebody up on something//   take up with somebody/something//  ----------//  [Date: 1000-1100; Language: Old Norse; Origin: taka]//\n  1 ACTION:   [T] used with a noun instead of using a verb to describe an action. For example, if you take a walk, you walk somewhere//  --Would you like to take a look?//  --Mike’s just taking a shower.//  --Sara took a deep breath.//  --I waved, but he didn’t take any notice  (=pretended not to notice) . BrE//  --Please take a seat  (=sit down) .//  take a picture/photograph/photo //  --Would you mind taking a photo of us together?//\n  2 MOVE:   [T] to move or go with someone or something from one place to another//  → bring//  take sb/sth to/into etc sth//  --Barney took us to the airport.//  --Would you mind taking Susie home ?//  --When he refused to give his name, he was taken into custody.//  --My job has taken me all over the world.//  take sb/sth with you//  --His wife went to Australia, taking the children with her.//  take sb sth//  --I have to take Steve the money tonight.//  take sb to do sth//  --He took me to meet his parents. see usage note  bring see usage note  direct2 //\n  3 REMOVE:   [T] to remove something from a place//  take sth off/from etc sth//  --Take your feet off the seats.//  --Someone’s taken a pen from my desk.//  --Police say money and jewellery were taken in the raid.//    take away//\n  4 TIME/MONEY/EFFORT ETC:   [I and T] if something takes a particular amount of time, money, effort etc, that amount of time etc is needed for it to happen or succeed//  --How long is this going to take ?//  --Organizing a successful street party takes a lot of energy.//  take (sb) sth (to do sth)//  --Repairs take time to carry out.//  -- It took a few minutes for his eyes to adjust to the dark.//  take (sb) ages/forever  informal //  --It took me ages to find a present for Dad.//  take some doing  BrE  informal  (=need a lot of time or effort) //  --Catching up four goals will take some doing.//  take courage/guts //  -- It takes courage to admit you are wrong.//  have what it takes  informal  (=to have the qualities that are needed for success) //  --Neil’s got what it takes to be a great footballer.//\n  5 ACCEPT:   [T] to accept or choose something that is offered, suggested, or given to you//  --Will you take the job?//  --Do you take American Express?//  --If you take my advice , you’ll see a doctor.//  --Our helpline takes 3.5 million calls  (=telephone calls) a year.//  --Some doctors are unwilling to take new patients without a referral.//  --Liz found his criticisms hard to take .//  --I just can’t take any more  (=can’t deal with a bad situation any longer) .//  --Staff have agreed to take a 2% pay cut.//  take a hammering/beating (=be forced to accept defeat or a bad situation) //  --Small businesses took a hammering in the last recession.//  I take your point/point taken (=used to say that you accept someone’s opinion) //  take sb’s word for it/take it from sb (=accept that what someone says is true) //  --That’s the truth - take it from me .//  take the credit/blame/responsibility //  --He’s the kind of man who makes things happen but lets others take the credit.//  take it as read/given (= assume that something is correct or certain, because you are sure that this is the case ) //  --It isn’t official yet, but you can take it as read that you’ve got the contract.//\n  6 HOLD SOMETHING:   [T] to get hold of something in your hands//  --Let me take your coat.//  --Can you take this package while I get my wallet?//  take sb/sth in/by sth//  --I just wanted to take him in my arms. see usage note  hold1 //\n  7 TRAVEL:   [T] to use a particular form of transport or a particular road in order to go somewhere//  --Let’s take a cab.//  --I took the first plane out.//  --Take the M6 to Junction 19.//\n  8 STUDY:   [T] to study a particular subject in school or college for an examination//  --Are you taking French next year?//\n  9 TEST:   [T] to do an examination or test//  British Equivalent:  sit//  --Applicants are asked to take a written test.//\n  10 SUITABLE:   [T not in progressive or passive] to be the correct or suitable size, type etc for a particular person or thing//  --a car that takes low sulphur fuel//  --What size shoe do you take?//  --The elevator takes a maximum of 32 people.//\n  11 COLLECT:   [T] to collect or gather something for a particular purpose//  --Investigators will take samples of the wreckage to identify the cause.//  take sth from sth//  --The police took a statement from both witnesses.//\n  12 CONSIDER:   [I,T always + adverb/preposition] to react to someone or something or consider them in a particular way//  take sb/sth seriously/badly/personally etc //  --I was joking, but he took me seriously.//  --Ben took the news very badly.//  --She does not take kindly to criticism (=reacts badly to criticism) .//  take sth as sth//  --I’ll take that remark as a compliment.//  take sth as evidence/proof (of sth) //  --The presence of dust clouds has been taken as evidence of recent star formation.//  take sb/sth to be sth//  --I took her to be his daughter.//  take sb/sth for sth//  --Of course I won’t tell anyone! What do you take me for?  (=what sort of person do you think I am?) //  -- I take it  (=Iassume) you’ve heard that Rick’s resigned.//\n  13 FEELINGS:   [T usually + adverb] to have or experience a particular feeling//  take delight/pleasure/pride etc in (doing) sth //  --You should take pride in your work.//  --At first, he took no interest in the baby.//  take pity on sb //  --She stood feeling lost until an elderly man took pity on her.//  take offence (=feel offended) //  --Don’t take offence. Roger says things like that to everybody.//  take comfort from/in (doing) sth //  --Investors can take comfort from the fact that the World Bank is underwriting the shares.//\n  14 CONTROL:   [T] to get possession or control of something//  --Enemy forces have taken the airport.//  --Both boys were taken prisoner. //  take control/charge/power //  --The communists took power in 1948.//  --Youngsters need to take control of their own lives.//  take the lead (=in a race, competition etc) //\n  15 MEDICINE/DRUGS:   [T] to swallow, breathe in, inject etc a drug or medicine//  --The doctor will ask whether you are taking any medication.//  --Take two tablets before bedtime.//  take drugs (=take illegal drugs) //  --Most teenagers start taking drugs through boredom.//  --She took an overdose after a row with her boyfriend.//\n  16  do you take sugar/milk?:   spoken  BrE used to ask someone whether they like to have sugar or milk in a drink such as tea or coffee//\n  17 LEVEL:   [T always + adverb/preposition] to make someone or something go to a higher level or position//  take sth to/into sth//  --The latest raise takes his salary into six figures.//  --Even if you have the talent to take you to the top , there’s no guarantee you’ll get there.//  --If you want to take it further , you should consult an attorney.//\n  18 MEASURE:   [T] to measure the amount, level, rate etc of something//  --Take the patient’s pulse first.//\n  19 NUMBERS:   [T] to make a number smaller by a particular amount//   subtract//  take sth away/take sth (away) from sth//  --’Take four from nine and what do you get?’ ’Five.’//  --Ten take away nine equals one.//\n  20 MONEY:   [T]  BrE if a shop, business etc takes a particular amount of money, it receives that amount of money from its customers//  American Equivalent:  take in//  --The stall took [hA124]25 on Saturday.//\n  21  sb can take it or leave it:  a) to neither like nor dislike something//  --To some people, smoking is addictive. Others can take it or leave it.//  b) used to say that you do not care whether someone accepts your offer or not//\n  22  take sb/sth (for example):  used to give an example of something you have just been talking about//  --People love British cars. Take the Mini. In Japan, it still sells more than all the other British cars put together.//\n  23 TEACH:   [T]  BrE to teach a particular group of students in a school or college//  take sb for sth//  --Who takes you for English?//\n  24 WRITE:   [T] to write down information//  --Let me take your email address.//  --Sue offered to take notes .//\n  25  take sb out of themselves:   BrE to make someone forget their problems and feel more confident//  --Alf said joining the club would take me out of myself.//\n  26  take a lot out of you/take it out of you:  to make you very tired//  --Looking after a baby really takes it out of you.//\n  27  take it upon/on yourself to do sth:   formal to decide to do something without getting someone’s permission or approval first//  --Reg took it upon himself to hand the press a list of names.//\n  28  take sth to bits/pieces:   BrE to separate something into its different parts//  --how to take an engine to bits//\n  29  be taken with/by sth:  to be attracted by a particular idea, plan, or person//  --I’m quite taken by the idea of Christmas in Berlin.//\n  30  be taken ill/sick:   formal to suddenly become ill//\n  31 SEX:   [T]  literary if a man takes someone, he has sex with them//\n  32  take a bend/fence/corner etc:  to try to get over or around something in a particular way//  --He took the bend at over 60 and lost control.//\n  33 HAVE AN EFFECT:   [I] if a treatment,  dye, drug etc takes, it begins to work successfully//  be taken aback phr v//  to be very surprised about something//  --Emma was somewhat taken aback by his directness.//  take after [take after sb] phr v//  to look or behave like an older relative//  --Jenni really takes after her mother.//  take apart [take sb/sth apart] phr v//\n  1 to separate something into all its different parts:  → put together//  --Tom was always taking things apart in the garage.//\n  2 to search a place very thoroughly:  --The police took the house apart looking for clues.//\n  3 to beat someone very easily in a game, sport, fight etc:\n  4 to show that someone is wrong or something is not true:  --Tariq takes several gay myths apart in his book.//  take against / [take against sb/sth] phr v//  to begin to dislike someone or something, especially without a good reason//  --Voters took against the relationship between the government and the unions in the 1970s.//  take away [take  sb/sth →  away] phr v//\n  1 to remove someone or something, or make something disappear:  --She whisked the tray off the table and took it away.//  --He was taken away to begin a prison sentence.//  --This should take some of the pain away.//\n  2  to take away:   BrE if you buy food to take away, you buy cooked food from a restaurant and take it outside to eat it somewhere else//    takeaway//  --Fish and chips to take away, please.//\n  3  take your breath away:  to be very beautiful, exciting, or surprising//  take away from [take away from sth] phr v//  to spoil the good effect or success that something has//  --The disagreement between the two men should not take away from their accomplishments.//  take back [take  sb/sth →  back] phr v//\n  1  take sth → back:  to admit that you were wrong to say something//  --You’d better take back that remark!//\n  2  take sth → back:  to take something you have bought back to a shop because it is not suitable//  --If the shirt doesn’t fit, take it back.//\n  3 to make you remember a time in the past:  --Having the grandchildren around takes me back to the days when my own children were small.//  take down [take sth → down] phr v//\n  1 to move something that is fixed in a high position to a lower position:  --She made us take down all the posters.//\n  2 to write down information:  --Can I just take some details down?//\n  3 to pull a piece of clothing such as trousers part of the way down your legs:  take in [take sb/sth →  in] phr v//\n  1  be taken in:  to be completely deceived by someone who lies to you//  --Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.//\n  2  take sb → in:  to let someone stay in your house because they have nowhere else to stay//  --Brett’s always taking in stray animals.//\n  3  take sth → in:  to understand and remember new facts and information//   absorb//  --He watches the older kids, just taking it all in.//  --His eyes quickly took in the elegance of her dress.//\n  4  take sth → in:   AmE to collect or earn a particular amount of money//  British Equivalent:  take//\n  5 to visit a place while you are in the area:  --They continued a few miles further to take in Hinton House.//\n  6  AmE  old-fashioned if you take in a show, play etc, you go to see it:\n  7  take sb → in:   BrE  old-fashioned if the police take someone in, they take them to a police station to ask them questions about a crime//  --All five teenagers were arrested and taken in for questioning .//\n  8  take sth → in:  to make a piece of clothing fit you by making it narrower//  → let out//  take off phr v//\n  1 REMOVE:   take sth → off//  to remove a piece of clothing//  → put on//  --He sat on the bed to take his boots off.//  --Charlie was taking off his shirt when the phone rang.//\n  2 AIRCRAFT:  if an aircraft takes off, it rises into the air from the ground//   lift off//    takeoff//  --I felt quite excited as the plane took off from Heathrow.//\n  3 SUCCESS:  to suddenly start being successful//  --Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off .//\n  4 HOLIDAY:   take sth off (sth)//  to have a holiday from work on a particular day, or for a particular length of time//  take time off (work/school) //  --I rang my boss and arranged to take some time off.//  take a day/the afternoon etc off //  --Dad took the day off to come with me.//\n  5 COPY SOMEBODY:   take sb → off//   BrE  informal to copy the way someone speaks or behaves, in order to entertain people//  take on [take sb/sth →  on] phr v//\n  1  take sb → on:  to start to employ someone//    hire//  --We’re taking on 50 new staff this year.//\n  2  take sth → on:  to agree to do some work or be responsible for something//  --Don’t take on too much work - the extra cash isn’t worth it.//\n  3  take sth → on:  to begin to have a particular quality or appearance//  --Her face took on a fierce expression.//  --His life had taken on a new dimension.//\n  4  take sb → on:  to compete against someone or start a fight with someone, especially someone bigger or better than you//  --Nigeria will take on Argentina in the first round of the World Cup on Saturday.//  --He was prepared to take on anyone who laid a finger on us.//\n  5  take sth → on:  if a plane or ship takes on people or things, they come onto it//  --We stopped to take on fuel.//  take out [take  sb/sth →  out] phr v//\n  1  take sb → out:  to take someone as your guest to a restaurant, cinema, club etc//  take somebody → out for//  --We’re taking my folks out for a meal next week.//\n  2  take sth → out:  to make a financial or legal arrangement with a bank, company, law court etc//  take out a policy/injunction/loan etc //  --Before taking a loan out, calculate your monthly outgoings.//\n  3  take sth → out:  to get money from your bank account//   withdraw//  --How much would you like to take out?//\n  4  take sth → out:  to borrow books from a library//  --You can take out six books at a time.//\n  5  take sb/sth → out:   informal to kill someone or destroy something//  --The building was taken out by a bomb.//  take out on [take sth out on sb] phr v//  to treat someone badly when you are angry or upset, even though it is not their fault//  --Don’t  take it out on  me just because you’ve had a bad day.//  take your anger/frustration etc out on sb //  --Irritated with herself, she took her annoyance out on Bridget.//  take over phr v//  to take control of something//    takeover//  take sth → over//  --His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.//  --Ruth moved into our apartment and promptly took over.//  take to / [take to sb/sth] phr v//\n  1 to start to like someone or something:  --Sandra took to it straight away .//  --Charles was an odd character whom Kelly had never really taken to.//\n  2 to start doing something regularly:  take to doing sth//  --Dee’s taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging.//\n  3  take to your bed:  to get into your bed and stay there//  --He was so depressed, he took to his bed for a week.//  take up [take sth up] phr v//\n  1  take sth → up:  to become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it//  --Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest.//\n  2 to start a new job or have a new responsibility:  --Peter will take up the management of the finance department.//  take up a post/a position/duties etc //  --The headteacher takes her duties up in August.//\n  3  take sth → up:  if you take up a suggestion, problem, complaint etc, you start to do something about it//  --Now the papers have taken up the story.//  take something → up with//  --The hospital manager has promised to take the matter up with the member of staff involved.//  --I am still very angry and will be taking it up with the authorities.//\n  4 to fill a particular amount of time or space:  be taken up with sth//  --The little  time I had outside of school was  taken up  with work.//  take up space/room //  --old books that were taking up space in the office//\n  5  take sth → up:  to accept a suggestion, offer, or idea//  --Rob took up the invitation to visit.//  take up the challenge/gauntlet //  --Rick took up the challenge and cycled the 250 mile route alone.//\n  6 to move to the exact place where you should be, so that you are ready to do something:  --The runners are taking up their positions on the starting line.//\n  7  take sth → up:  to make a piece of clothing shorter//  → let down//\n  8  take sth → up:  to continue a story or activity that you or someone else had begun, after a short break//  --I’ll take up the story where you left off.//  take up on [take sb up on sth] phr v//  to accept an invitation or suggestion//  take sb up on an offer/a promise/a suggestion etc //  --I’ll take you up on that offer of a drink, if it still stands.//  take up with / [take up with sb/sth] phr v//   old-fashioned to become friendly with someone, especially someone who may influence you badly//\ntake 2 n \n  1 [C] an occasion when a film scene, song, action etc is recorded:  --We had to do six takes for this particular scene.//\n  2  sb’s take (on sth):  someone’s opinion about a situation or idea//  --What’s your take on this issue?//\n  3  be on the take:   informal to be willing to do something wrong in return for money//  --Is it true that some of the generals are on the take?//\n  4 [usually singular]  AmE  informal the amount of money earned by a shop or business in a particular period of time:


Words: take-off
Meaning:
n \n  1 [U and C] the time when a plane leaves the ground and begins to fly:\n  2 [C] a humorous performance that copies the way someone behaves:\n  3 [C] the time when your feet leave the ground when you are jumping:


Words: take-up
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE   the rate at which people accept something that is offered to them//  --Take-up for college places has been slow.//


Words: takeaway
Meaning:
n [C]  BrE   1 a meal that you buy at a shop or restaurant to eat at home//  American Equivalent:  takeout//  --Let’s have a takeaway tonight.//\n  2 a shop or restaurant that sells meals to be eaten somewhere else:


Words: takeout
Meaning:
take-out/te[hA366]k-a[hA35E]t/ n [U and C]  AmE   a meal that you buy at a restaurant to eat at home//  British Equivalent:  takeaway//  -- takeout adj //  --takeout food//


Words: takeover
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 when one company takes control of another by buying more than half its shares:  --Thornbury has announced a takeover bid of a regional TV company.//  --He prevented a hostile takeover  (=when the takeover is not wanted by the company being bought) of the company.//\n  2 an act of getting control of a country or political organization, using force:  --a communist takeover//


Words: taker
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  be no/few/not many takers:  if there are no takers for something, no one accepts or wants what is being offered//\n  2 someone who accepts support and help from other people, but who is not willing to give them support or help:


Words: takings
Meaning:
n [plural]   the money that a business, shop etc gets from selling its goods over a particular period of time//  the day’s/week’s etc takings //  --He counted the night’s takings.//  bar/box-office etc takings //  --Cinema box-office takings in 2001 were [hA124]600m.//


Words: Talbot
Meaning:
William Henry Fox   (1800-1877) a British photographer who was the first to invent a way of making more than one photograph from the same  negative (=image on a piece of film that shows dark areas as light and light areas as dark) //


Words: talc
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: Medieval Latin talk, from  Arabic talq]//  talcum powder//


Words: talcum powder
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: talcum, from  talk;   TALC]//  a powder with a nice smell which you put on your skin after washing//


Words: tale
Meaning:
W3   n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: talu]//\n  1 a story about exciting imaginary events:  tale of//  --tales of adventure//  --a book of old Japanese folk tales  (=traditional stories) //  --a  fairy tale  by Hans Christian Andersen//  --a  cautionary tale  (=one that is told to warn people about the dangers of something ) //\n  2 a description of interesting or exciting things that happened to someone, often one which is not completely true about every detail:  tale of/about//  --tales of her life in post-war Berlin//  tale of/about how//  --He was in the middle of  telling me a long tale about how he once met the Redskins’ manager.//\n  3  tell tales:   BrE to tell someone in authority about something wrong that someone else has done//  American Equivalent:  tattle//  tell tales to//  --Don’t go telling tales to the teacher!//\n  4  tale of woe:  a) a description of events that made you unhappy//  b) a series of bad things that happened to someone//  --The England team’s tale of woe continued, and they lost the next three games. //    fairy tale,  old wives’ tale at old(24)//


Words: Tale of a Tub
Meaning:
A   a satire by Jonathan Swift about religious extremism. It tells of three brothers, Peter, who represents the  Roman Catholic church; Jack, who represents the extreme Protestants, and Martin, who represents the  Anglican church.//


Words: Tale of Two Cities
Meaning:
A   (1859) a novel by Charles  Dickens, set in London and Paris at the time of the  French Revolution. The start of the book is very well known: ’It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...’. Another famous part is the thoughts of one of the main characters, Sydney Carton, when he is about to be killed by the  guillotine instead of another man that he is pretending to be, so that the other man can live: ’It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done’.//


Words: talent
Meaning:
W3S3   n   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: talent unit of weight or money in the ancient world  (9-21 centuries), from  Latin talentum, from  Greek talanton; from a story in the Bible in which a man gives talents to his three servants, and two of them use them well]//\n  1 [U and C] a natural ability to do something well:  --He has a lot of talent , and his work is fresh and interesting.//  talent for//  --She showed a talent for acting at an early age.//  --a persuasive speaker with a natural talent for leadership//  --His latest book reveals hidden talents .//  --Sadly, she inherited none of her father’s musical talent .//  --Your brother is a man of many talents .//  --There’s a wealth of talent in English football.//  talent for//  --She showed a talent for acting at an early age.//\n  2 [U] a person or people with a natural ability or skill:  --Britain’s footballing talent//\n  3 [U]  BrE  informal sexually attractive people:  ----------//  COLLOCATES for sense 1 //  have talent //  show talent //  talent contest/show/competition (=a competition in which people show how well they can sing, dance etc) //  (a) natural talent //  a hidden talent //  musical/artistic/creative etc talent //  a man/woman of many talents (=someone who can do many things well) //  a wealth of talent (=when there are a lot of people with talent) //  ----------//


Words: talent scout
Meaning:
also talent-spotter  n [C]   someone whose job is to find young people who are very good at sport, music etc//


Words: Taliban
Meaning:
the  [plural]   a Muslim group which controlled most of Afghanistan from 1997 to 2001. The Taliban followed the laws of Islam very strictly//


Words: talisman
Meaning:
n   plural  talismans  [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: Arabic tilsam, from  Greek telesma, from  telein  ’to tell about religious secrets, finish’, from  telos  ’end’]//  an object that is believed to have magic powers to protect the person who owns it//


Words: talk
Meaning:
v   ----------//\n   1 conversation:\n   2 serious subject:\n   3 say words:\n   4 a speech:\n   5 secret information:\n   6 talk sense/rubbish/nonsense etc:\n   7 talk (some) sense into somebody:\n   8 talk to yourself:\n   9 know what you are talking about:\n  10 talk the hind leg(s) off a donkey:\n  11 talk about lazy/cheap/hungry etc:\n  12 talking of/about something:\n  13 what are you talking about?:\n  14 I’m talking to you!:\n  15 be like talking to a brick wall:\n  16 talk somebody’s ear off:\n  17 talk trash:\n  18 talk the talk:\n  19 I’m/we’re/you’re talking (about) something:\n  20 now you’re talking:\n  21 look who’s talking:\n  22 we’re/you’re talking [hA124]500/three days etc:\n  23 talk your way out of something:\n  24 talk nineteen to the dozen:\n  25 talk in riddles:\n  26 talk tough (on something):\n  27 talk shop:\n  28 talk dirty (to somebody):\n  29 be talking through your hat:\n  30 talk smack:  Phrasal verbs//   talk around/round//   talk back//   talk somebody/something → down//   talk down to somebody//   talk somebody into something//   talk something → out//   talk somebody out of something//   talk something → over//   talk through something//   talk something → up//  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Probably from  Old English talian  ’to count, consider, tell’]//\n  1 CONVERSATION:   [I] to say things to someone as part of a conversation//  --I could hear Sarah and Andrew talking in the next room.//  talk about//  --English people love to talk about the weather.//  --All through the afternoon, they sat and talked about their trip. //  talk to//  --Claudia spent a long time talking to him.//  --She’s very easy to talk to.//  talk with//  --I got the truth from talking with Elena.//  talk together//  --They were talking together in the hall.//  --Sue and Bob still aren’t talking  (=are refusing to talk to each other) .//  talk in a low voice/a whisper etc //  --They were talking in low voices, and I couldn’t catch what they were saying.//  talk of//   (=used especially in formal or literary contexts) //  --We talked of old times. see usage note  speak//\n  2 SERIOUS SUBJECT:   [I] to discuss something serious or important with someone//  --Joe, we need to talk.//  --Is there somewhere we can talk in private?//  talk to//  --You should talk to a lawyer.//  talk about//  --We’ve been talking about getting married.//  talk with//  --Parents should talk with their children about drug abuse.//  talk sport/politics/business etc //  --’Let’s not talk politics now,’ said Hugh impatiently.//\n  3 SAY WORDS:   [I] to produce words and express thoughts, opinions, ideas etc//  --She was talking so fast I could hardly understand her.//  --How do babies learn to talk ?//  --Some residents were frightened to talk publicly.//  talk (in) French/German etc //  --They started talking in Spanish.//  --Don’t let Dad hear you talking like that  (=expressing things in a particular way) .//\n  4 A SPEECH:   [I] to give a speech//  talk on/about//  --Professor Davis will talk about ’Trends in Network Computing’.//\n  5 SECRET INFORMATION:   [I] if someone who has secret information talks, they tell someone else about it//  --Even under torture, Maskell refused to talk .//  --He tried to stop his ex-wife from talking on live TV.//  --We should stop meeting like this. People will talk.//\n  6  talk sense/rubbish/nonsense etc:   especially BrE  spoken used to say that you think someone is saying something sensible, something stupid etc//  --You do talk rubbish sometimes, Jules.//\n  7  talk (some) sense into sb:  to persuade someone to behave sensibly//  --She hoped Father McCormack would be able to talk some sense into her son.//\n  8  talk to yourself:  to say your thoughts out loud//  --’What did you say?’ ’Sorry, I was just talking to myself.’//\n  9  know what you are talking about:   spoken to know a lot about a particular subject//  --I worked in hotels for years, so I know what I’m talking about.//\n  10  talk the hind leg(s) off a donkey:   informal to talk a lot, especially about unimportant things//\n  11  talk about lazy/cheap/hungry etc:   spoken used to emphasize that someone or something is very lazy, cheap, hungry etc//  --Talk about lucky. That’s the second time he’s won this week!//\n  12  talking of/about sth:   spoken used to say more about a subject that someone has just mentioned//  --Talking of Venice, have you seen the masks I bought there last year?//\n  13  what are you talking about?:   spoken used when you think what someone has said is stupid or wrong//  --What are you talking about? We got there in plenty of time.//\n  14  I’m talking to you!:   spoken used when you are angry that the person you are talking to is not paying attention//  --Rob! I’m talking to you!//\n  15  be like talking to a brick wall:   spoken used to say that it is annoying to speak to someone because they do not pay attention to you//\n  16  talk sb’s ear off:   AmE  spoken to talk too much to someone//\n  17  talk trash:   AmE  informal to say rude or offensive things to or about someone, especially to opponents in a sports competition//  --Both teams were talking trash on the court.//\n  18  talk the talk:   AmE  informal to say the things that people expect or think are necessary in a particular situation//  --She didn’t talk the talk of feminism, but her career was the most important thing in her life.//    walk the walk at walk1 (12)//\n  19  I’m/we’re/you’re talking (about) sth:   spoken used in conversation to emphasize a fact or remind someone of it//  --I’m not talking about ancient history, I’m talking about last season’s performance.//\n  20  now you’re talking:   spoken used to say that you think someone’s suggestion is a good idea//  --’Fancy an ice cream?’ ’Now you’re talking.’//\n  21  look who’s talking:   also you’re a fine one to talk //   , you can talk //   spoken used to tell someone they should not criticize someone else’s behaviour because their own behaviour is just as bad//  --’Peggy shouldn’t smoke so much.’ ’Look who’s talking!’//\n  22  we’re/you’re talking [hA124]500/three days etc:   spoken used to tell someone how much something will cost, how long something will take to do etc//  --To do a proper job, you’re talking [hA124]750 minimum.//\n  23  talk your way out of sth:   informal to escape from an bad or embarrassing situation by giving explanations, excuses etc//  --She’s good at talking her way out of trouble.//\n  24  talk nineteen to the dozen:   BrE  informal talk a blue streak  AmE to talk very quickly without stopping//\n  25  talk in riddles:  to deliberately talk in a strange and confusing way//  --Stop talking in riddles and explain what’s going on.//\n  26  talk tough (on sth):   informal to give people your opinions very strongly//  --The President is talking tough on crime.//\n  27  talk shop:  if people talk shop, they talk about their work when there are people present who are not interested or involved in it - used to show disapproval//  --Are you two going to talk shop all night?//\n  28  talk dirty (to sb):   informal to talk in a sexual way to someone in order to make them feel sexually excited//\n  29  be talking through your hat:   BrE  informal if someone is talking through their hat, they say stupid things about something that they do not understand//\n  30  talk smack:   AmE  informal to criticize someone or something in an unpleasant way//  talk around/round phr v//\n  1  talk sb around/round:  to persuade someone to change their opinion about something//  --Leave Betty to me. I’ll soon talk her round.//\n  2  talk around/round sth:  to discuss a problem without really dealing with the important parts of it//  --They had spent half the night talking round the subject.//  talk back phr v//  to answer someone in authority such as a teacher or parent in a rude or impolite way//  talk down [talk sb/sth → down] phr v//\n  1  BrE to make something seem less successful, interesting, good etc than it really is:  --the pessimists who are talking down Britain//\n  2 to help a pilot land an aircraft by giving them instructions from the ground by radio:  talk down to [talk down to sb] phr v//  to talk to someone as if they are stupid, although they are not//   patronize//  --The students felt that they were talked down to as though they were children.//  talk into [talk sb into sth] phr v//  to persuade someone to do something//  talk sb into doing sth//  --My husband talked me into going skiing.//  talk out [talk sth → out] phr v//\n  1 to discuss a problem thoroughly in order to solve it:  --We need to spend a little time talking this out.//  talk something → out with//  --It might help if you talked it out with Dad.//\n  2  BrE if politicians talk out a proposal, they talk about it for a long time deliberately so that there will not be enough time to vote on it:   filibuster//  --The Land Protection Bill was talked out by MPs from rural areas.//  talk out of [talk sb out of sth] phr v//  to persuade someone not to do something//  talk sb out of doing sth//  --Can’t you talk them out of selling the house?//  talk over [talk sth → over] phr v//  to discuss a problem with someone before deciding what to do//  talk something → over with//  --Talk over any worries with your GP.//  talk through [talk through sth] phr v//\n  1  talk sth → through:  to discuss something thoroughly so that you are sure you understand it//  --Allow time to talk through any areas of difficulty.//\n  2  talk sb through sth:  to help someone understand a process, method etc by explaining it to them carefully before they use it//  --Trevor talked me through loading the software.//  talk up [talk sth → up] phr v//  to make something appear more important, interesting, successful etc than it really is//  --Jones talked up the idea at the meeting.//  ----------//  WORD FOCUS: words meaning talk //  chat/natter British English to talk in a friendly way about things that are not very important //  gossip to talk about other people’s private lives //  drone on/go on (BrE) hold forth waffle British English ramble to talk for too long in a boring way //  whisper to talk very quietly //  mumble/murmur mutter to talk in a way that is difficult to hear //  See also:  conversation, discussion, negotiation, debate//  ----------//\ntalk 2 n   ----------//\n   1 conversation:\n   2 discussion:\n   3 speech:\n   4 news:\n   5 type of conversation:\n   6 be all talk:\n   7 be the talk of the town/Paris etc:\n   8 talk is cheap:  ----------//\n  1 CONVERSATION:   [C] a conversation//  --After a long talk , we decided on divorce.//  --John, I’d like to have a talk with you.//  talk about//  --We must have a talk about money.//\n  2 DISCUSSION:   talks [plural] formal discussions between governments, organizations etc//  peace/trade etc talks //  --The peace talks look promising.//  --The president held talks with Chinese officials.//  talks with//  --Talks with the rebels have failed.//\n  3 SPEECH:   [C] a speech//  --an entertaining talk//  talk on/about//  --a talk on local history//  give/do/deliver a talk //  --Dr. Howard will give a talk on herbal medicine.//\n  4 NEWS:   [U] information or news that people talk about and hear about a lot, but that is not official//  talk of//  --Tickets sold so quickly there’s talk of a second concert.//  talk of doing sth//  --the administration’s talk of reducing weapons//  talk that//  --There’s talk that she’s difficult to work with.//  just/only talk //  --It’s just talk. He’ll never do it.//\n  5 TYPE OF CONVERSATION:   [U] type of conversation//  --That’s enough of that kind of talk.//  --persuasive sales talk //  --That’s fighting talk  (=brave and confident words) from Italy’s manager.//\n  6  be all talk:   spoken someone who is all talk talks a lot about what they intend to do, but never actually does it//\n  7  be the talk of the town/Paris etc:  someone who is the talk of the town has done something bad, shocking, exciting etc and everyone is talking about them//  --She’s the talk of London’s theatre-goers since her last performance.//\n  8  talk is cheap:  used to say that you do not believe someone will do what they say//    pep talk,  small talk,  idle talk at idle1 (2),  pillow talk at pillow1 (3)//


Words: talk radio
Meaning:
n [U]  AmE   a type of radio programme in which people call the radio station to give their opinions or discuss a subject//


Words: talk show
Meaning:
n [C]   a television show in which famous people answer questions about themselves//  British Equivalent:  chat show//  --a talk show host//


Words: talk time
Meaning:
n [U]   the amount of time a mobile phone can be used to make or receive calls or messages//  --The battery allows approximately 135 minutes of talk time.//


Words: talkback
Meaning:
n [U]   an electronic system used in a film or television studio, so that someone can talk to someone else without other people hearing them//


Words: talker
Meaning:
n [C]    informal someone who talks a lot or talks in a particular way//  --Media people need to be good talkers and skilled negotiators.//  --Mom thinks he’s a smooth talker  (=someone who is polite and pleasant but who you do not trust) .//


Words: talking head
Meaning:
n [C]    informal someone on television who talks directly to the camera, especially to give their opinions//


Words: talking shop
Meaning:
n [singular]  BrE   a committee, group etc whose job is to discuss and solve problems, but who do not achieve any action//


Words: talking-to
Meaning:
n [C usually singular]    informal an occasion when you talk to someone angrily, especially a child or someone who is below you in rank//


Words: tall
Meaning:
adj   comparative  taller superlative  tallest //  [Language: Old English; Origin: get[zB024]l  ’quick, ready’]//\n  1 a person, building, tree etc that is tall is a greater height than normal:  --He was young and tall.//  --a house surrounded by tall trees//  --This bush grows tall very quickly. see usage note  big1 //\n  2 you use ’tall’ to say or ask what the height of something or someone is:  6ft/2m/12 inches etc tall //  --He’s only 5 feet tall.//  -- How tall is that building?//  --She’s a little taller than her sister.//\n  3  AmE a tall drink contains a small amount of alcohol mixed with a large amount of a non-alcoholic drink:\n  4  a tall order:   informal a request or piece of work that is almost impossible//  --Finding a replacement is going to be a tall order.//\n  5  tall story/tale:  a story that is so unlikely that it is difficult to believe//  -- tallness n  [U] //    stand tall at stand1 (39)//    walk tall at walk1 (10)//


Words: Tallinn
Meaning:
the capital and largest city of Estonia. It is a port and its most important industries are fishing and making electrical goods.//


Words: tallow
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Middle Low German; Origin: talg]//  hard animal fat used to make candles//


Words: tally
Meaning:
n   plural  tallies  [C] //  [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: talea,  tallia, from  Latin talea;   TAILOR1]//  a record of how much you have spent, won etc by a particular point in time//  --The final tally was $465,000.//  --the two goals that took his tally for Scotland to 15//  -- Keep a tally of  (=write down) the number of cars that pass.//\ntally 2 v   past tense and past participle  tallied present participle  tallying third person singular  tallies //\n  1 [I]  also tally up :  if numbers or statements tally, they match exactly//  --Some of the records held by the accounts departments did not tally.//  tally with//  --The number of ballot papers did not tally with the number of voters.//\n  2 [T] to calculate a total number:


Words: Talmud
Meaning:
n   the Talmud//  the writings that make up Jewish law about religious and non-religious life//  -- Talmudic/t[zB024]lm[hA35E]d[hA366]k $ t[hA35A][hA359]lmu[hA359]d[hA366]k. t[zB024]l-/ adj //


Words: talon
Meaning:
n [C usually plural]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: ’heel, spur’, from  Latin talus  ’ankle’]//  a sharp powerful curved nail on the feet of some birds that catch animals for food//


Words: Tam O’Shanter
Meaning:
(1791) a long, humorous poem by Robert  Burns, which tells the frightening story of a farmer called Tam O’Shanter who is chased by  witches (=women with magic powers) //


Words: tamarind
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Spanish; Origin:  and  Portuguese tamarindo, from  Arabic tamr hindi  ’Indian date’]//  a tropical tree, or the fruit of this tree//


Words: tambourine
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: tambourin, from  tambour  ’drum’, from  Arabic tanbur]//  a circular musical instrument consisting of a frame covered with skin or plastic and small pieces of metal that hang around the edge. You shake it or hit it with your hand.//


Words: tame
Meaning:
adj   [Language: Old English; Origin: tam]//\n  1 a tame animal or bird is not wild any longer, because it has been trained to live with people:  → wild//  --tame elephants//\n  2  informal dull and disappointing:  --Most of the criticism has been pretty tame.//  --I decided that teaching was too tame for me.//\n  3 [only before noun]  BrE used to describe a person who is willing to do what other people ask, even if it is slightly dishonest:  --If you have a tame doctor, he might give you a sick note.//  -- tamely adv //  -- tameness n  [U] //\ntame 2 v [T] \n  1 to reduce the power or strength of something and prevent it from causing trouble:  --The Prime Minister managed to tame the trade unions.//\n  2 to train a wild animal to obey you and not to attack people:   domesticate//  --The Asian elephant can be tamed and trained.//


Words: Tamil Nadu
Meaning:
a state in southeast India, formerly called Madras State, whose capital and largest city is Chennai, formerly called Madras//


Words: Taming of the Shrew
Meaning:
The   a humorous play by William  Shakespeare about a woman called Kate. Kate is very honest and always tells people exactly what she thinks, and because of this some people think she is rude and unpleasant. But she eventually begins to behave like a quiet and obedient wife when Petruchio marries her.//


Words: tamoxifen
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: trans- +  amine (  AMINO ACID) +  oxy- (from  oxygen) +  phenol type of chemical compound  (19-21 centuries)]//  a drug that is used to treat breast cancer//


Words: tamp
Meaning:
preposition]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  Perhaps from  tampion,  tampin  ’plug, cover’ (15-20 centuries), from  French tampon;   TAMPON]//   also tamp down //  to press or push something down by lightly hitting it several times//  --The old man tamped down the tobacco with his thumb.//


Words: tamper
Meaning:
v   tamper with [tamper with sth] phr v//  [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Probably from  temper]//  to touch something or make changes to it without permission, especially in order to deliberately damage it//  --He noticed that the instruments had been tampered with.//  --I don’t see the point in tampering with a system that’s worked fine so far.//


Words: tamper-evident
Meaning:
adj  BrE   a package or container that is tamper-evident is made so that you can see if someone has opened it before it is sold in the shops//  American Equivalent:  tamper-resistant//


Words: tamper-proof
Meaning:
adj   a package or container that is tamper-proof is made in a way that prevents someone from opening it before it is sold//


Words: tampon
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: , from an unrecorded  Old French taper  ’to stop up a hole’]//  a tube-shaped mass of cotton or similar material that a woman puts inside her vagina during her period (=monthly flow of blood) //


Words: tan
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  tanned present participle  tanning //  [Date: 900-1000; Language: Old French; Origin: tanner, from  Medieval Latin tannare, from  tanum;   TAN2]//\n  1 [I and T] if you tan, or if the sun tans you, your skin becomes darker because you spend time in the sun:  --She has a pale skin which doesn’t tan easily.//\n  2 [T] to make animal skin into leather by treating it with tannin (=a kind of acid) :\ntan 2 n   [Sense: 1-2; Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: Medieval Latin tanum  ’plant substance used for tanning leather’]//  [Sense: 3; Origin: tangent]//\n  1 [C] the attractive brown colour that someone with pale skin gets after they have been in the sun:   suntan//  --I wish I could get a tan like that.//\n  2 [U] a light yellowish-brown colour:\ntan 3 adj \n  1 having a light yellowish-brown colour:  --tan shoes//\n  2  AmE having darker skin after spending time in the sun:   tanned//  --She arrived home tan and rested.//


Words: tandem
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Latin; Origin: ’finally, at length’ (taken to mean "lengthwise", and so used for vehicles with one horse or person in front of another)]//\n  1 a bicycle built for two riders sitting one behind the other:\n  2  in tandem:  doing something together or at the same time as someone or something else//  --The two companies often work in tandem.//  in tandem with//  --The group operated in tandem with local criminals.//


Words: tandoori
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Hindi; Origin: tanduri, from  tandur  ’clay oven’, from  Arabic tannur]//  tandoori dishes are Indian meat dishes cooked in a clay oven//  --a tandoori restaurant//  --tandoori chicken//


Words: Tandy
Meaning:
Jessica   (1909-94) a British actress who at the age of 80 became the oldest winner of an Oscar in 1989 for her part in the film Driving Miss Daisy. She moved to America in 1940. She acted mainly on stage, but her films include Forever Amber (1947) and Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe (1991).//


Words: tang
Meaning:
n [singular]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: tang  ’sharp point’ (14-20 centuries), from a  Scandinavian language]//  a taste or smell that is pleasantly strong or sharp//  --The beer had a sharp, bitter tang.//  tang of//  --the salty tang of the sea//  --the tang of fresh lemons//  -- tangy adj //  --tangy orange cake//


Words: tangent
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , present participle of  tangere;   TANGIBLE]//\n  1  go off at a tangent:   BrE go off on a tangent  AmE //   informal to suddenly start thinking or talking about a subject that is only slightly related, or not related at all, to the original subject//  --Let’s stay with the topic and not go off at a tangent.//\n  2  technical a straight line that touches the outside of a curve but does not cut across it:


Words: tangential
Meaning:
adj    formal tangential information, remarks etc are only related to a particular subject in an indirect way//  tangential to//  --The matter you raise is rather tangential to this discussion.//  -- tangentially adv //


Words: tangerine
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: Tanger  ’Tangier’, city in Morocco]//\n  1 [C] a small sweet fruit like an orange with a skin that comes off easily:\n  2 [U] a bright orange colour:  -- tangerine adj //


Words: tangible
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Late Latin; Origin: tangibilis, from  Latin tangere  ’to touch’]//\n  1 clear enough or definite enough to be easily seen or noticed:  → intangible//  --The scheme must have tangible benefits for the unemployed.//  tangible evidence/proof //  --He has no tangible evidence of John’s guilt.//\n  2  tangible assets/property:  property such as buildings, equipment etc//\n  3  technical if something is tangible, you can touch or feel it:  --The silence of the countryside was almost tangible .//  -- tangibly adv //  -- tangibility/t[zB024]nd[hA360][hA369]b[hA366]l[hA369]ti/ n  [U] //


Words: tangle
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  Probably from a  Scandinavian language]//\n  1 [I and T]  also tangle up :  to become twisted together, or make something become twisted together, in an untidy mass//  --My hair tangles easily.//  --His parachute became tangled in the wheels of the plane.//\n  2 [I]  informal to argue or fight with someone:  tangle with//  --It was not an animal you’d care to tangle with.//\ntangle 2 n [C] \n  1 a twisted mass of something such as hair or thread:  --Her hair was full of tangles after being out in the wind.//  tangle of//  --John was sitting on the floor in a tangle of blankets.//  tangle of bushes/branches/vegetation etc //  --She followed him, pushing through the dense tangle of bushes and branches.//\n  2 a confused state or situation:  tangle of//  --Her brain was teeming with a whole tangle of emotions .//\n  3  informal a quarrel or fight:  tangle with//  --She got into a tangle with the staff.//


Words: tangled
Meaning:
adj  also tangled up \n  1 twisted together in an untidy mass:  --Your bedclothes are all tangled up.//  --He had hair like tangled string.//\n  2 complicated or not easy to understand:  --the tangled web of local politics//  --tangled emotions//


Words: Tanglewood
Meaning:
a place in Massachusetts, US, where the  Boston Symphony Orchestra performs concerts outdoors during the summer. It is also a school for training musicians, and many famous musicians and  composers have studied and taught at Tanglewood.//


Words: tango
Meaning:
n   plural  tangos  [C] //  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: American Spanish]//  a fast dance from South America, or a piece of music for this dance//\ntango 2 v [I] \n  1 to dance the tango:\n  2  it takes two to tango:   spoken used to say that if a problem involves two people, then both people are equally responsible//


Words: tank
Meaning:
n [C]   flipper, knife, tank, wetsuit//  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Portuguese; Origin: tanque  ’pool’]//\n  1 a large container for storing liquid or gas:  --The water tank is leaking.//  --Somehow the chemical got from a storage tank into water supplies.//  fish/marine/breeding tank (=for keeping or breeding fish in) //  --the plane’s fuel tank //  petrol tank  BrE //  gas tank  AmE //\n  2  also tankful :  the amount of liquid or gas held in a tank//  --We set off next day on a full tank.//  tank of//  --a tankful of petrol//  3 a heavy military vehicle that has a large gun and runs on two metal belts fitted over its wheels//\n  4 a large artificial pool for storing water:\n  5  in the tank:   AmE  informal failing and losing money//  be/go in the tank //  --Sales can’t keep going up, but that doesn’t mean the industry is going in the tank.//    think tank,  septic tank,  drunk tank//\ntank 2 v \n  1 [I] to decrease quickly or be very unsuccessful:  --Not long after the chairman resigned, shares in the company tanked.//\n  2 [I]  BrE  informal to travel very fast in a car or vehicle:\n  3  also tank it :   [T] to deliberately lose a sports game that you could have won//  tank up phr v//   especially AmE to put petrol in your car so that the tank is full//


Words: tank top
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  BrE a piece of clothing like a sweater, but with no sleeves:\n  2  AmE a piece of clothing like a t-shirt but with no sleeves:


Words: tankard
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  Perhaps from  Middle Dutch tanckaert]//  a large metal cup, usually with a handle, which you can drink beer from//


Words: tanked up
Meaning:
BrE   adj tanked  AmE [not before noun]  informal   drunk//  --He went down the pub and got tanked up.//


Words: tanker
Meaning:
n [C]   a vehicle or ship specially built to carry large quantities of gas or liquid, especially oil//    oil tanker//


Words: tanned
Meaning:
adj   having a darker skin colour because you have been in the sun//  --He had a tough tanned face and clear eyes.//


Words: tannin
Meaning:
[U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: tanner;   TAN1]//  a reddish acid used in preparing leather, making ink etc//


Words: tannoy
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE  trademark a system for giving out information in public places using loudspeakers//  over the tannoy//  --The train’s approach was announced over the tannoy.//


Words: tantalize
Meaning:
also  tantalise BrE   v [I,T ]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Tantalus king in an ancient Greek story who had to stand up to his chin in water under a fruit tree, but was unable to reach either the water to drink or the fruit to eat]//  to show or promise something that someone really wants, but then not allow them to have it//


Words: tantalizing
Meaning:
also  tantalising BrE   adj   making you feel a strong desire to have or do something//  --the tantalizing smell of fried bacon//  -- tantalizingly adv //  --She was tantalizingly out of reach.//


Words: tantamount
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: tantamount  ’something equal in value’ (1600-1700), from  Anglo-French tant amunter  ’to amount to as much’]//  be tantamount to sth//  if an action, suggestion, plan etc is tantamount to something bad, it has the same effect or is almost as bad//  --To leave a dog home alone is tantamount to cruelty.//


Words: tantrum
Meaning:
n [C]   a sudden short period when someone, especially a child, behaves very angrily and unreasonably//  have/throw a tantrum //  --She throws a tantrum when she can’t have the toy she wants.//  --children’s temper tantrums //


Words: Tanzania
Meaning:
a country in East Africa between Kenya and Mozambique, formed in 1964 when Tanganyika and Zanzibar joined together to make one country. Population: 36,232,000 (2001). Capital: Dodoma.//  -- Tanzanian n  adj //


Words: Tao
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Chinese; Origin: dao  ’way’]//  the natural force that unites all things in the universe, according to Taoism//


Words: Taoism
Meaning:
n [U]   a way of thought developed in ancient China, based on the writings of Lao Tzu, emphasizing a natural and simple way of life//


Words: tap
Meaning:
S3   n   ----------//\n   1 water/gas:\n   2 a light hit:\n   3 on tap:\n   4 dancing:\n   5 telephone:\n   6 barrel:\n   7 tune:  ----------//  [Sense: 1, 3, 5, 6; Origin: Old English t[zB024]ppa]//  [Sense: 2, 4, 7; Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  TAP2]//\n  1 WATER/GAS:   [C]  especially BrE a piece of equipment for controlling the flow of water, gas etc from a pipe or container//  American Equivalent:  faucet//  -- Tap water  (=water that comes out of a tap) is usually heavily treated with chemicals.//  --She went into the bathroom and turned on the taps .//  kitchen/bath/garden tap //  --I washed my hands under the kitchen tap.//  cold/hot tap (=the tap that cold or hot water comes from) //\n  2 A LIGHT HIT:   [C] an act of hitting something lightly, especially to get someone’s attention//  tap at/on//  --She felt a tap on her left shoulder.//  --There was a tap at the door.//\n  3  on tap:  a) beer that is on tap comes from a barrel//  b)  informal something that is on tap is ready to use when you need it//  --We’ve got all the information on tap.//\n  4 DANCING:   also  tap dancing [U] dancing in which you wear special shoes with pieces of metal on the bottom which make a loud sharp sound on the floor//\n  5 TELEPHONE:   [C] an act of secretly listening to someone’s telephone, using electronic equipment//  --The police had put a tap on his phone line.//\n  6 BARREL:   [C] a specially shaped object used for letting liquid out of a barrel, especially beer//\n  7 TUNE:   taps [plural] a song or tune played on the bugle at night in an army camp, and at military funerals//\ntap 2 S3 v   past tense and past participle  tapped present participle  tapping //  ----------//\n   1 hit lightly:\n   2 music:\n   3 energy/money:\n   4 ideas:\n   5 telephone:\n   6 tree:\n   7 player:  Phrasal verbs//   tap something → in//   tap something → out//  ----------//  [Sense: 1-2, 8-10; Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: taper  ’to hit with the flat part of the hand’]//  [Sense: 3-7; Origin: Old English t[zB024]ppian]//\n  1 HIT LIGHTLY:   [I and T] to hit your fingers lightly on something, for example to get someone’s attention//  tap sb on the shoulder/arm/chest etc //  --He turned as someone tapped him on the shoulder.//  tap on//  --I went up and tapped on the window.//  tap sth on/against/from etc sth//  --Mark tapped his fingers on the tabletop impatiently.//  --She tapped ash from her cigarette.//\n  2 MUSIC:   [T] to make a regular pattern of sounds with your fingers or feet, especially when you are listening to music//  --She tapped her feet in time to the music.//  --a toe-tapping tune//\n  3 ENERGY/MONEY:   also tap into //   [T] to use or take what is needed from something such as an energy supply or an amount of money//  --People are tapping into the power supply illegally.//  --We hope that additional sources of funding can be tapped.//\n  4 IDEAS:   also tap into //   [T] to make as much use as possible of the ideas, experience, knowledge etc that a group of people has//  --Your adviser’s experience is there to be tapped.//  --helping people tap into training opportunities//\n  5 TELEPHONE:   [T] to listen secretly to someone’s telephone by using a special piece of electronic equipment//  --Murray’s phone calls to Australia were tapped .//\n  6 TREE:   [T] to get liquid from the trunk of a tree by making a hole in it//\n  7 PLAYER:   also tap up //   [T]  BrE  informal if a football club taps a player from another team, it illegally tries to persuade that player to join its team//  tap in [tap sth → in] phr v//  to put information, numbers etc into a computer, telephone etc by pressing buttons or keys//  --Tap in your password before you log on.//  tap out [tap sth → out] phr v//\n  1 to hit something lightly, especially with your fingers or foot, in order to make a pattern of sounds:  --He whistled the tune and tapped out the rhythm.//\n  2 to write something with a computer:  --Brian tapped out a name on his small electronic organizer.//


Words: tap dancing
Meaning:
n [U]   dancing in which you wear shoes with pieces of metal on the bottom, which make a sound as you move//  -- tap dance v  [I and T] //  -- tap dancer n  [C] //


Words: tapas
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Spanish; Origin: , plural of  tapa  ’cover, lid’]//  small dishes of food eaten as part of the first course of a Spanish meal//


Words: tape
Meaning:
W3S3   n   ----------//\n   1 for recording:\n   2 sticky material:\n   3 thin piece of material:\n   4 the tape:\n   5 for measuring:  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: t[zB024]ppe]//\n  1 FOR RECORDING:  a)  [U] narrow plastic material covered with a special magnetic substance, on which you can record sounds, pictures, or computer information//  on tape//   (=recorded on tape) //  --We’ve got the film on tape.//  --I hate hearing my voice on tape.//  b)  [C] a special plastic box containing a length of tape that you can record sound on//   cassette//  --I’ll listen to the tape tomorrow.//  --William lent me some of his Beatles tapes.//  tape of//  --We played a tape of African music and began dancing.//  --Bring me a blank tape and I’ll record it for you.//  c)  [C] a special plastic box containing a length of tape that you can record sound and pictures on//   videotape//\n  2 STICKY MATERIAL:   [U] a narrow length of plastic that is sticky on one side and is used to stick things together//  British Equivalent:  SellotapeAmerican Equivalent:  Scotch tape//  --a photo stuck to the wall with tape//\n  3 THIN PIECE OF MATERIAL:   [U and C] a long thin piece of plastic or cloth used for purposes such as marking out an area of ground or tying things together//  --Crime-scene tape marked out the position of the murdered man.//\n  4  the tape:  a string stretched out across the finishing line in a race and broken by the winner//\n  5 FOR MEASURING:   [C] a tape measure//    red tape//\ntape 2 S3 v   ----------//\n   1 record something:\n   2 stick something:\n   3 fasten something:\n   4 injury:\n   5 have (got) something/somebody taped:  ----------//\n  1 RECORD SOMETHING:   [I and T]  also tape record //  to record sound or pictures onto a tape//  --Would you mind if I taped this conversation?//  --Quiet - the machine’s still taping.//\n  2 STICK SOMETHING:   [T] to stick something onto something else using tape//  tape sth to sth//  --There were two pictures taped to the side of the fridge.//\n  3 FASTEN SOMETHING:   [T]  also tape up //  to fasten a package, box etc with sticky tape//\n  4 INJURY:   [T usually passive]  also tape up //   especially  AmE to tie a bandage firmly around an injured part of someone’s body//  British Equivalent:  strap//  --His ankle had been taped.//\n  5  have (got) sth/sb taped:   BrE  informal to understand someone or something completely and know how to deal with them//  --You can’t fool Liz - she’s got you taped.//


Words: tape measure
Meaning:
n [C]   a long narrow band of cloth or steel, marked with centimetres, feet etc, used for measuring something//


Words: tape recording
Meaning:
n [C]   something that has been recorded with a tape recorder//  tape recording of//  --The court heard tape recordings of the meeting.//


Words: taper
Meaning:
v [I and T]   to become gradually narrower towards one end, or to make something become narrower at one end//  taper to//  --His wide chest tapers to a small waist.//  -- tapering adj //  --long tapering fingers//  taper off phr v//  to decrease gradually//  --Profits may be tapering off in the near future.//\ntaper 2 n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: tapor,  taper  ’thin candle’]//\n  1 a very thin candle:  --small boys holding lighted tapers//\n  2 a piece of string covered in wax, used for lighting lamps, candles etc:  --The box contained a taper to light each firework.//


Words: tapestry
Meaning:
n   plural  tapestries  [U and C] //  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tapisserie, from  tapis  ’carpet’, from  Greek tapes]//\n  1 a large piece of heavy cloth on which coloured threads are woven to produce a picture, pattern etc:  --a colourful tapestry depicting a hunting scene//\n  2 something that is made up of many different people and things:  --This was all new to her - part of life’s rich tapestry .//


Words: tapeworm
Meaning:
n [C]   a long flat worm that lives in the bowels of humans and other animals and can make them ill//


Words: tapioca
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Spanish; Origin:  and  Portuguese, from  Tupi typyoca]//  small hard white grains made from the crushed dried roots of cassava, or a dessert made from cooking this//


Words: tapir
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Tupi; Origin: tapi[hA16E]ra]//  an animal like a pig with thick legs, a short tail, and a long nose, that lives in tropical America and Southeast Asia//


Words: tar
Meaning:
n [U]   [Language: Old English; Origin: teoru]//\n  1 a black substance, thick and sticky when hot but hard when cold, used especially for making road surfaces:    coal tar//\n  2 a sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns, and that gets into the lungs of people who smoke:  --high tar cigarettes//\ntar 2   past tense and past participle  tarred present participle  tarring  v [T] //\n  1 to cover a surface with tar:  --a tarred roof//\n  2  be/get tarred with the same brush:  if someone is tarred with the same brush as someone else, people think they have the same faults or have committed the same crimes, even if they have not//  --You’ve made it very clear that you think I’m tarred with the same brush as William.//\n  3  tar and feather:  to cover someone in tar and feathers as a cruel unofficial punishment//


Words: tarantella
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Italian; Origin: Taranto; because the dance was thought to be a cure for being bitten by a tarantula (  TARANTULA)]//  a fast Italian dance, or the music for this dance//


Words: Tarantino
Meaning:
Quentin   (1963- ) a US film  director whose films include  Reservoir Dogs (1992),  Pulp Fiction (1994), and  Jackie Brown (1997). His films are often very violent, and some people criticize him for this. But other people admire him for the clever way in which his stories are put together.//


Words: tarantula
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: Old Italian tarantola, from  Taranto city in southern Italy, where such spiders are found]//  a large poisonous spider from Southern Europe and tropical America//


Words: Tardis
Meaning:
the   the machine used by  Dr Who and his friends for travelling through time in the British television programme  Dr Who. On the outside, the Tardis is small and looks like a type of  telephone box that was formerly used by the British police, but it is much larger inside.//


Words: tardy
Meaning:
adj  formal   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: tardif  ’tardy’ (15-16 centuries), from  Old French, from  Vulgar Latin tardivus, from  Latin tardus  ’late’]//\n  1 arriving or done late:  --Do please forgive this tardy reply.//  --He’s been tardy three times this semester.//\n  2 doing something too slowly or late:  tardy in//  --people who are tardy in paying their bills//  -- tardily adv //  -- tardiness n  [U] //


Words: tare
Meaning:
n [usually singular] \n  1  technical the weight of the materials in which goods are packed:\n  2  technical the weight of an unloaded vehicle, used to calculate the actual weight of the goods in it:


Words: target
Meaning:
W2S3   n [C]   ----------//\n   1 aim:\n   2 object of attack:\n   3 object of an action:\n   4 shooting:\n   5 target audience/group/area etc:\n   6 target language:  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: targette, from  targe  ’small shield’]//\n  1 AIM:  something that you are trying to achieve, such as a total, an amount, or a time//   goal//  sales/attainment/growth etc targets //  --demanding financial targets//  target of//  --the target of a one-third reduction in road accidents//  target for//  --Higher degrees in English are a target for foreign students.//  --There is no target date for completion of the new project.//  --The government may fail to meet  (=achieve) its target of recycling 25% of domestic waste//  --Jiang set annual growth targets of 8-9%.//  on target//   (=likely to achieve a target) //  --The company says that growth of 10% is on target.//\n  2 OBJECT OF ATTACK:  an object, person, or place that is deliberately chosen to be attacked//  target for/of//  --Railway stations are prime targets  (=very likely targets) for bombs.//  easy/soft target //  --Cars without security devices are an easy target for the thief.//\n  3 OBJECT OF AN ACTION:  the person or place that is most directly affected by an action, especially a bad one//  target for/of//  --The area has become a prime target for supermarket development.//  --The country is a target of criticism for its human rights record.//\n  4 SHOOTING:  something that you practise shooting at, especially a round board with circles on it//  --The area is used by the army for target practice .//\n  5  target audience/group/area etc:  a limited group, area etc that a plan, idea etc is aimed at//  --Our target audience is men aged between 18 and 35.//\n  6  target language:  the language that you are learning or that you are translating into//\ntarget 2 v [T] \n  1 to make something have an effect on a particular limited group or area:  --The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.//  target sth on/at sb/sth//  --a new benefit targeted on low-income families//  --The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.//\n  2 to aim something at a target:  target sth on/at sb/sth//  --The missiles are targeted at several key military sites.//\n  3 to choose a particular person or place to do something to, especially to attack them or criticize them:  --It’s clear that smaller, more vulnerable banks have been targeted.//  --He was targeted by terrorists for a second time last night.//


Words: tariff
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Italian; Origin: tariffa, from  Arabic ta’rif  ’list of money to be paid’]//\n  1 a tax on goods coming into a country or going out of a country:  tariff on//  --The government may impose tariffs on imports.//\n  2  BrE a list of fixed prices charged by a hotel or restaurant, for example for the cost of meals or rooms:\n  3  BrE a list or system of prices which mobile phone companies charge for the services they provide:


Words: tarmac
Meaning:
n  trademark   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: Tarmac, a trademark, from  tarmacadam  ’tarmac’ (19-20 centuries), from  tar +  macadam  ’smooth hard road surface’ (19-20 centuries) (from John L.  McAdam (1756-1836), Scottish engineer who invented the process)]//\n  1  also tarmacadam  BrE /t[hA35A][hA359]m[hA353]k[zB024]d[hA353]m $ t[hA35A][hA359]r- $ t[hA35A][hA359]r-/:   [U] a mixture of tar and very small stones, used for making the surface of roads//   asphalt//\n  2  the tarmac:  an area covered with tarmac outside airport buildings//  on the tarmac//  --Journalists waited on the tarmac to question him.//\ntarmac 2   past tense and past participle  tarmacked present participle  tarmacking  v [T] //  to cover a road’s surface with tarmac//


Words: tarnish
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: ternir  ’to make dull’]//\n  1 [T] if an event or fact tarnishes someone’s reputation, record, image etc, it makes it worse:  --His regime was tarnished by human rights abuses.//\n  2 [I and T] if metals such as silver, copper, or brass tarnish, or if something tarnishes them, they become dull and lose their colour:  --Gold does not tarnish easily.//  --tarnished silver spoons//\ntarnish 2 n [singular, U]   dullness of colour, or loss of brightness//


Words: taro
Meaning:
n   plural  taros  [U and C] //  [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Tahitian; Origin:  and  Maori]//  a tropical plant grown for its thick root, which is boiled and eaten//


Words: tarot
Meaning:
n [singular, U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: Italian tarocchi (plural)]//  a set of 78 cards, used for telling what will happen to someone in the future//


Words: tarpaulin
Meaning:
AmE  [U and C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tarpaulin  (17-21 centuries), probably from  tar +   PALL2 +  -ing]//  a large heavy cloth or piece of thick plastic that water will not pass through, used to keep rain off things//


Words: tarragon
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: targon, from  Arabic tarkhun]//  the leaves of a small European plant, used in cooking to give food a special taste//  --chicken with tarragon//


Words: tarry
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  tarried present participle  tarrying third person singular  tarries  [I]  literary //  [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Origin unknown]//\n  1 to stay in a place, especially when you should leave:   linger//\n  2 to delay or be slow in going somewhere:\ntarry 2   adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: tar]//  covered with tar (=a thick black liquid) //


Words: tarsus
Meaning:
n   plural  tarsi /-sa[hA366]/ [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Greek tarsos  ’bottom of the foot, ankle, edge of the eyelid’]//   technical your ankle, or one of the seven small bones in your ankle//  -- tarsal adj //


Words: tart
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tarte;]//  [Sense: 2-3; Origin:  probably partly from  sweetheart]//\n  1 [U and C] a pie without a top on it, containing something sweet:  apple/treacle/jam etc tart //\n  2 [C]  informal an insulting word for a woman who you think is too willing to have sex:\n  3 [C]  informal a prostitute:\ntart 2 adj   [Language: Old English; Origin: teart  ’sharp, severe’]//\n  1 food that is tart has a sharp sour taste:  --a tart apple//\n  2  tart reply/remark etc:  a reply, remark etc that is sharp and unkind//  -- tartly adv //  --’I don’t think so!’ she replied tartly.//  -- tartness n  [U] //\ntart 3 v   tart up [tart sth → up] phr v//\n  1 to try to make something more attractive by decorating it, often in a way that other people think is cheap or ugly:  --We’ll need to tart the place up a bit.//\n  2  tart yourself up/get tarted up:  if a woman tarts herself up or gets tarted up, she tries to make herself look attractive by putting on nice clothes, make-up etc - often used humorously//  --She got all tarted up for the party.//


Words: tartan
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin:  Probably from  Old French tiretaine type of cloth]//  [U and C] a traditional Scottish pattern of coloured squares and crossed lines, or cloth, especially wool cloth, with this pattern//  American Equivalent:  plaid//  --the MacGregor tartan (=the special pattern worn by the MacGregor family) //  -- tartan adj //  --a tartan scarf//


Words: tartar
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: tartarum]//\n  1 [U] a hard substance that forms on your teeth:\n  2 [C]  informal  BrE someone who has a violent temper:  --She’s a real tartar.//


Words: tarty
Meaning:
adj  BrE  informal   a woman who looks tarty looks like she is too willing for sex//  --Do you think this dress looks too tarty?//


Words: Tarzan
Meaning:
the main character in books by Edgar Rice  Burroughs, which were later made into many films, about a baby who is left in the African forest and cared for by  apes until he becomes a man. He wears only a  loincloth (=a piece of cloth worn around the waist) , moves through the forest by swinging from tree to tree on ropes made of plants, and is very brave and strong, with big muscles. He meets a woman called  Jane who becomes his girlfriend, and he is famous for saying ’Me Tarzan. You Jane’ and also for making a loud cry as a warning. //


Words: task
Meaning:
W1S2   n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old North French; Origin: tasque, from  Medieval Latin tasca  ’tax or service to be done for a ruler’, from  taxare  ’to tax’]//\n  1 a piece of work that must be done, especially one that is difficult or unpleasant or that must be done regularly:   job//  task of//  --The task of the union representative is to fight on behalf of the members.//  --Sara had the task of preparing the agenda for meetings.//  --I was given the task of building a fire.//  --the skills required to carry out these tasks //  --He soon realized the scale of the task he had undertaken .//  --Our first task is to gather information.//  --Monkeys can be taught to do simple tasks .//  --They have the unenviable task of supervising the most dangerous prison in the country.//  --Volunteers had the thankless task of distributing campaign leaflets.//  --Trying to bring up a small daughter on your own is no easy task .//\n  2  take someone to task:  to strongly criticize somebody for something they have done//  take someone to task for//  --He was taken to task for not reporting the problem earlier.//  ----------//  COLLOCATES for sense 1 //  have the task of doing something //  set/give somebody a task //  carry out/perform/do a task //  take on/undertake a task //  somebody’s first/main task //  a simple task //  a difficult/impossible/formidable task //  an unenviable task (=an unpleasant, boring, or difficult job) //  a thankless task (=a boring but necessary job) //  not an easy task/no easy task (=difficult) //  ----------//\ntask 2 v [T usually passive]   to give someone the responsibility for doing something//  be tasked with (doing) sth//  --We were tasked with completing the job by the end of 2004.//


Words: task force
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a group formed for a short time to deal with a particular problem:  task force on//  --a task force on health care reform//\n  2 a military force sent to a place for a special purpose:


Words: taskbar
Meaning:
n [C]   a narrow area across the bottom of a computer screen, that shows which documents or programs are open//


Words: Tasmania
Meaning:
a large island off the south east coast of Australia, which is one of the states of Australia//  -- Tasmanian n  adj //


Words: tassel
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: ’fastener, tassel’]//  a large number of threads tied together at one end and hung as a decoration on clothes, curtains etc//  -- tasselled BrE  also  tasseled AmE  adj //


Words: taste
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 food:\n   2 what you like:\n   3 judgment:\n   4 what is acceptable/not offensive:\n   5 experience:\n   6 feeling:\n   7 ... to taste:  ----------//\n  1 FOOD:  a)  [U and C] the feeling that is produced by a particular food or drink when you put it in your mouth//   flavour//  have a sweet/bitter/salty etc taste //  --The medicine had a slightly bitter taste.//  taste of//  --I don’t really like the taste of meat any more.//  b)  [U] the sense by which you know one food from another//  --Some birds have a highly developed sense of taste .//  c)  have a taste (of sth)//  if you have a taste of some food or drink, you put a small amount in your mouth to try it//  --You must have a taste of the fruitcake.//\n  2 WHAT YOU LIKE:   [U and C] the kind of things that someone likes//  taste in//  --We have similar  tastes in music .//  taste for//  --While she was in France she  developed a taste for  fine wines.//  --He had  acquired a taste for adventure .//  --There are books to suit everyone’s tastes .//  --courses that cater for all tastes //  --My wife has very expensive tastes .//  --Choosing a wedding dress is all a matter of personal taste .//  --His  musical tastes  changed radically as soon as he started college.//  --The colours were much too bright  for my taste .//  --This type of event isn’t to everyone’s taste .//  --’Why did she marry someone like that?’ ’ There’s no accounting for taste .’//  --Olives are something of  an acquired taste .//\n  3 JUDGMENT:   [U] someone’s judgment when they choose clothes, decorations etc//  have good/bad etc taste //  --She has such good taste.//  taste in//  --Some people have really bad taste in clothes.//\n  4 WHAT IS ACCEPTABLE/NOT OFFENSIVE:   [U] the quality of being acceptable and not offensive//  --All television companies accept the need to maintain standards of taste and decency .//  be in bad/poor etc taste (=likely to offend people) //  --She acknowledged her remark had been in bad taste.//\n  5 EXPERIENCE:   [usually singular] a short experience of something that shows you what it is like//  taste of//  --Schoolchildren from city schools can  get a taste of  the countryside first-hand.//  --It gave him his first taste of acting for the big screen.//  --The autumn storms gave us a taste of what was to come (=showed what would happen later) .//\n  6 FEELING:   [singular] the feeling that you have after an experience, especially a bad experience//  --The way he spoke to those children left a nasty taste in my mouth .//  --the bitter taste of failure//  --the sweet taste of victory//\n  7  ... to taste:  if you add salt, spices etc to taste, you add as much as you think makes it taste right - used in instructions in cook books//  --Add salt to taste.//    give sb a taste of their own medicine at medicine(4)//  ----------//  COLLOCATES for sense 2 //  taste in music/clothes/men etc //  have similar/different tastes //  develop/acquire a taste for something (=start to like something) //  suit/satisfy/cater for somebody’s tastes (=provide what someone likes) //  have expensive tastes (=like expensive things) //  something is a matter of taste (=it depends on what kind of things you like) //  personal taste //  musical taste (=the kind of music someone likes) //  be too bright/modern/dark etc for somebody’s taste (=used when saying that you did not like something because it was too bright, modern, dark etc) //  be to somebody’s taste (=if something is to your taste, you like it) //  there’s no accounting for taste (=used humorously to say that you do not understand why someone has chosen something) //  something is an acquired taste (=people only usually start to like something after they have tried it several times) //  WORD FOCUS: words meaning taste //  delicious/tasty tastes very good //  disgusting tastes very bad //  hot/spicy has a lot of spices //  bland boring and with not very much taste //  sweet has a lot of sugar //  salty has a lot of salt //  sour used about fruit that is not sweet //  bitter used about coffee, chocolate, or medicine that is not at all sweet //  See also:  flavour//  ----------//\ntaste 2 v   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: taster  ’to touch, test, taste’, from  Vulgar Latin taxitare, from  Latin taxare;   TAX2]//\n  1 [linking verb] to have a particular kind of taste:  taste good/delicious/sweet/fresh etc //  --Mmm! This tastes good!//  --The food tasted better than it looked.//  taste awful/disgusting etc //  --The liver tasted awful and the potatoes had not been cooked for long enough.//  taste of//  --This yoghurt tastes of strawberries.//  --It didn’t taste much of ginger.//  taste like//  -- It tastes just like  champagne to me.//  -- What does pumpkin taste like  (=how would you describe its taste) ?//  sweet-tasting/strong-tasting etc //  -- a sweet-tasting soup//  --a bitter-tasting liquid//\n  2 [T not in progressive] to experience or recognize the taste of food or drink:  --She  could taste  blood.//  --Can you taste the difference?//  --It was like nothing I’d ever tasted before.//\n  3 [T] to eat or drink a small amount of something to see what it is like:  --It’s always best to keep tasting the food while you’re cooking it.//\n  4  taste success/freedom/victory etc:  to have a short experience of something that you want more of//  --There was a lot of hard work before we first tasted success.//


Words: taste bud
Meaning:
n [C usually plural]   one of the small parts of the surface of your tongue with which you can taste things//


Words: tasteful
Meaning:
adj   made, decorated, or chosen with good taste//  --tasteful furnishings//  -- tastefully adv //  --tastefully decorated//  -- tastefulness n  [U] //  ----------//  HINT sense 1 //  Do not confuse tasteful with tasty. Use tasty to describe food that tastes good: This food is really tasty. //  ----------//


Words: tasteless
Meaning:
adj \n  1 food or drink that is tasteless is unpleasant because it has no particular taste:\n  2 slightly offensive:  --a tasteless remark//\n  3 made, decorated, or chosen with bad taste:  --a tasteless outfit//  --ugly and tasteless housing//


Words: taster
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 someone whose job is to test the quality of foods, teas, wines etc by tasting them:  --a wine taster//\n  2  informal a small example of something that is provided so that you can see if you like it:  taster of//  --Here’s a taster of what will be in print next month.//  taster from//  --a taster from her next album//


Words: tasting
Meaning:
n [C]   an event that is organized so that you can try different foods or drinks to see if you like them//  --a wine and cheese tasting//


Words: tasty
Meaning:
adj   comparative  tastier superlative  tastiest //\n  1 food that is tasty has a good taste, but is not sweet:  --a simple but tasty meal//    tasteful//\n  2  informal tasty news, gossip etc is especially interesting and often connected with sex or surprising behaviour:\n  3  BrE  informal sexually attractive:


Words: tat
Meaning:
n \n  1 [U]  BrE  informal things that are cheap and badly made:\n  2 [C]  AmE  informal an informal American word for tattoo:    tit for tat//


Words: Tate Britain
Meaning:
also the Tate   an art  gallery in south central London which shows British art from the 16th century to the present day. There is a special part of the Tate that contains a large collection of work by J.M.W.  turner.//


Words: Tate Gallery
Meaning:
the Tate Gallery//   also the Tate //  the former name for the  Tate Britain. There are also two smaller Tate Galleries outside London, one in Liverpool, and one in St Ives in southwest England.//


Words: Tate Modern
Meaning:
the   Britain’s national  museum of modern art in London, which was first opened to the public in May 2000. The building was formerly a  power station, and it was changed into an  art gallery by two Swiss  architects. The museum contains works by famous artists such as Pablo  Picasso, Salvador  Dali, and Francis  Bacon.    //


Words: Tati
Meaning:
Jacques   (1908-82) a French film actor and  director who appeared in humorous films such as  Monsieur Hulot’s Holiday (1953)//


Words: Tatler
Meaning:
1 a famous magazine published in London in the early eighteenth century, started by Sir Richard Steele, containing poetry, stories, news etc.:\n  2 a British monthly magazine which reports on the social events and lives of rich and fashionable people:


Words: tattered
Meaning:
adj   clothes, books etc that are tattered are old and torn//  --He produced a tattered envelope from his pocket.//


Words: tatters
Meaning:
n [plural]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin:  From a  Scandinavian language]//\n  1  in tatters:  a) if a plan or someone’s reputation is in tatters, it is ruined//  --Tonight, the peace agreement lies in tatters.//  --His credibility is in tatters after a series of defeats and failures.//  b) clothes that are in tatters are old and torn//\n  2 clothing that is old and torn:   rags//


Words: tattle
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Middle Dutch; Origin: tatelen]//\n  1  old-fashioned to talk about other people’s private lives:   gossip//\n  2  especially AmE if a child tattles, they tell a parent or teacher that another child has done something bad:  tattle on//  --Robert is always tattling on me for things I didn’t do.//    tittle-tattle//  -- tattle n  [U] //  -- tattler n  [C] //


Words: tattletale
Meaning:
n [C]    AmE  informal a word meaning someone who tattles - used by or to children//  British Equivalent:  telltale//


Words: tattoo
Meaning:
n   plural  tattoos //  [Sense: 1; Date: 1700-1800; Language: Tahitian; Origin: tatau]//  [Sense: 2-3; Date: 1600-1700; Language: Dutch; Origin: taptoe, from  tap toe!  ’taps shut!’]//\n  1 [C] a picture or writing that is permanently marked on your skin using a needle and ink:  --He has a tattoo of a snake on his left arm.//\n  2 [C] an outdoor military show with music, usually at night:\n  3 [singular] a fast continuous beating of a drum, or a sound like this:\ntattoo 2 v [T]   to mark a permanent picture or writing on someone’s skin with a needle and ink//  --She’s got a heart tattooed on her right shoulder.//  -- tattooed adj //  --heavily tattooed arms//


Words: tatty
Meaning:
adj   comparative  tattier superlative  tattiest //  [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tat  ’dirty or torn piece of cloth’ (19-20 centuries)]//   informal in bad condition//   shabby//  --tatty jeans//  --a few tatty old chairs//  -- tattily adv //  -- tattiness n  [C] //


Words: Tatum
Meaning:
Art   (1910-56) a US  jazz piano player, who was born almost blind, and was one of the greatest ever//


Words: taunt
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Perhaps from  Old French tenter  ’to try, tempt’]//  to try to make someone angry or upset by saying unkind things to them//  taunt sb about sth//  --The other children taunted him about his weight.//  taunt sb with sth//  --They taunted him with the nickname ’Fatso’.//  --’And he’ll believe you, will he?’ Maria taunted.//  -- tauntingly adv //\ntaunt 2 n [C often plural]   a remark or joke intended to make someone angry or upset//  --racist taunts//


Words: taupe
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: French; Origin: ’mole’, from  Latin talpa]//  a brownish-grey colour//  -- taupe adj //


Words: Taurus
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: ’bull’]//\n  1 [U] the second sign of the zodiac, represented by a bull, which some people believe affects the character and life of people born between April 21 and May 21:\n  2 [C]  also Taurean :  someone who was born between April 21 and May 21//  -- Taurean adj //


Words: taut
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1200-1300; Origin:  Perhaps from  tough]//\n  1 stretched tight:  → slack//  --The rope was stretched taut.//\n  2 showing signs of worry, anger etc and not relaxed:   tense//  --a taut smile//  --Catherine looked upset, her face taut.//\n  3 having firm muscles:  --her taut brown body//\n  4 a taut book, film, or play is exciting and does not have any unnecessary parts:  --a taut thriller//


Words: tautology
Meaning:
n   plural  tautologies  [U and C]  technical //  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Late Latin; Origin: tautologia, from  Greek, from  tautologos  ’repeating things’, from  tauto  ’same’ +  legein  ’to say’]//  a statement in which you say the same thing twice using different words in a way which is not necessary, for example, ’He sat alone by himself.’//    redundant//  -- tautological/t[hA350][hA359]t[hA353]l[hA361]d[hA360][hA366]k[hA368]l[hA36B] $ t[hA361][hA359]t[hA353]l[hA35A][hA359]-   / also tautologous /t[hA350][hA359]t[hA361]l[hA353]g[hA353]s $ t[hA361][hA359]t[hA35A][hA359]-///   adj //


Words: tavern
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: taverne, from  Latin taberna  ’small simple building, shop’]//\n  1  BrE  old use a pub where you can also stay the night:\n  2 a word for a bar, often used in the name of a bar:  --Murphy’s Tavern//


Words: tawdry
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: tawdry lace  ’necklace’ (16-18 centuries), from  St. Audrey’s lace, from  St. Audrey 7th-century queen of Northumbria, England; because it was originally sold at fairs in honor of St. Audrey]//\n  1 cheaply and badly made:  --tawdry jewellery and fake furs//\n  2 showing low moral standards:  --a tawdry tale of lies and deception//  -- tawdriness n  [U] //


Words: tawny
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tanne, past participle of  tanner;   TAN1]//  brownish-yellow in colour//  --a lion’s tawny fur//


Words: tax
Meaning:
n   [U and C] an amount of money that you must pay to the government according to your income, property, goods etc and that is used to pay for public services//  tax on//  --a tax on fuel//  income/council/inheritance etc tax //  --He already pays 40% tax on his income.//  --the basic rate of tax //  tax cuts/increases //  direct tax (=tax on income) //  indirect tax (=tax on things you buy) //  before/after tax //  --profits before tax of [hA124]85.9 m//  --The total tax burden  (=the amount of tax paid) has risen only slightly.//  --The government has introduced tax incentives  (=an offer of cheaper taxes to encourage people to do something) for fuel-efficient cars.//    capital gains tax//    corporation tax at corporation(1),  income tax,  sales tax,  stealth tax,  VAT,  PAYE//\ntax 2 v [T]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: taxer  ’to make a judgment about, tax’, from  Latin taxare  ’to feel, make a judgment about, blame’, from  tangere;   TANGIBLE]//\n  1 to charge a tax on something:  tax sth at 10%/a higher rate etc //  --They may be taxed at a higher rate.//  tax sb on sth//  --The individual is taxed on the amount of dividend received.//  --Cigarettes are heavily taxed in Britain.//\n  2  BrE to pay the sum of money charged each year for using a vehicle on British roads:    car tax,  road tax//\n  3 to make someone have to work hard or make an effort:  tax sb’s patience/strength etc //  --The kids are really taxing my patience today.//  --It shouldn’t tax your brain too much.//    taxing//  tax with [tax sb with sth] phr v//  to complain to someone they have done something wrong//


Words: tax bracket
Meaning:
n [C]   a particular range of income levels on which the same rate of tax is paid//  --It may put you in a higher tax bracket.//


Words: tax disc
Meaning:
n [C]   a small round piece of paper on a car windscreen in Britain that shows the driver has paid road tax//


Words: tax inspector
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who works for the government, deciding how much tax a person or company should pay//


Words: tax relief
Meaning:
n [U]    BrE when you do not have to pay tax on part of what you earn, especially because you use the money for a particular purpose//  tax relief on//  --You can get tax relief on private health insurance premiums.//


Words: tax year
Meaning:
n [C]   the period of 12 months in which income is calculated for paying taxes. The tax year begins on April 6th in Britain, and January 1st in the US//


Words: tax-deductible
Meaning:
adj   tax-deductible costs can be taken off your total income before it is taxed//  --If you’re self-employed, your travel expenses are tax-deductible.//


Words: tax-free
Meaning:
adj   not taxed//  --He was paid a tax-free cash sum as compensation.//  -- tax-free adv //  --You can earn up to [hA124]65 per week tax-free.//


Words: taxable
Meaning:
adj   if money that you receive is taxable, you have to pay tax on it//  taxable income/profits/earnings etc //


Words: taxation
Meaning:
W3   n [U]  formal \n  1 the system of charging taxes:  --the government’s economic and taxation policy //  direct taxation (=tax on income) //  indirect taxation (=tax on things you buy) //\n  2 money collected from taxes:  --higher levels of taxation//


Words: taxi
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: taxicab]//  a car and driver that you pay to take you somewhere//   cab//  take/get a taxi //  --I took a taxi to the airport.//  in a taxi//  --They had to send me home in a taxi.//  by taxi//  --She arrived by taxi.//  --a taxi driver //  --It’s only a 5 minute taxi ride away.//  --Shall I call you a taxi  (=telephone for a taxi to come) ?//  hail a taxi (=wave or shout at a taxi to make it stop) //\ntaxi 2   past tense and past participle  taxied present participle  taxiing third person singular  taxis  or  taxies  v [I] //  if a plane taxis, it moves along the ground before taking off or after landing//  --The plane taxied to a halt.//


Words: taxi rank
Meaning:
also taxi stand  AmE  n [C]   a place where taxis wait for customers//  American Equivalent:  cabstand//


Words: taxicab
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: taximeter cab  ’taxi’, from  taximeter  ’instrument in a taxi for showing the amount to be paid’ (19-21 centuries), from  French taxim[hA169]tre, from  German taxameter, from  Medieval Latin taxa  ’charge’ (from  taxare;   TAX2) +  German -meter]//  a taxi//


Words: taxidermy
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Greek; Origin: taxis (  TAXONOMY) +  derma  ’skin’]//  the art of filling the skins of dead animals, birds, or fish with a special material so that they look as though they are alive//


Words: taxing
Meaning:
adj   needing a lot of effort//   demanding//  --The job turned out to be more taxing than I’d expected.//


Words: taxman
Meaning:
n   plural  taxmen /-men/ [C] //\n  1  the taxman:   informal the government department that collects taxes//  --A lot of the money will go straight to the taxman.//\n  2 someone whose job is collecting taxes:


Words: taxonomy
Meaning:
n   plural  taxonomies  [U and C] //  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: taxonomie, from  Greek taxis  ’arrangement’ +  French -nomie (from  Latin -nomia, from  Greek, from  nemein  ’to share out’)]//  the process or a system of organizing things into different groups that show their natural relationships, especially plants or animals//  -- taxonomist n  [C] //


Words: taxpayer
Meaning:
n [C]   a person that pays tax//  --The proposal could cost the taxpayer  (=all ordinary people who pay tax) another [hA124]18m a year.//


Words: Taylor
Meaning:
A J P   (1906-90) an English  historian, writer, and television speaker. His books include English History 1914-1945 (1965) and The Origins of the Second World War (1961).//\n Elizabeth   (1932- ) a US film actress, often known as Liz Taylor, who was born in the UK and is famous for her beauty. Her films include  National Velvet (1944),  Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958),  Cleopatra (1962), and  Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966).//\n Zachary   (1784-1850) the twelfth president of the US, from 1849 to 1850//


Words: tbc
Meaning:
to be confirmed  BrE used in writing to show that the time, place etc of a future event is not yet definite//  --The concert will be in Harrogate (venue tbc) on the 29th.//


Words: tbsp
Meaning:
also  tbs  plural  tbsp  or  tbsps //  the written abbreviation of tablespoon or tablespoons//  --1 tbsp sugar//


Words: Tchaikovsky
Meaning:
Peter Ilyich   (1840-93) a Russian  composer who wrote  symphonies and  ballets, such as  Swan Lake and  The Sleeping Beauty. Other well-known works are  The 1812 Overture and his first piano  concerto. His music is romantic, emotional, and often rather sad.//


Words: tea
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 drink/leaves:\n   2 mint/camomile etc tea:\n   3 meal:\n   4 tea and sympathy:  ----------//  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Chinese; Origin: te]//\n  1 DRINK/LEAVES:  a)  [U and C] a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling water onto the dried leaves from a particular Asian bush, or a cup of this drink//  --Would you like a cup of tea or coffee?//  --Do you take milk and sugar in your tea?//  --I’d like two teas and a piece of chocolate cake, please.//  b)  [U] dried, finely cut leaves that are used to make tea//  c)  [U] bushes whose leaves are used to make tea//  --tea plantations//\n  2  mint/camomile etc tea:  a hot drink made by pouring boiling water onto leaves or flowers, sometimes used as a medicine//\n  3 MEAL:   [U and C]  BrE //  a) a small meal of cake or biscuits eaten in the afternoon with a cup of tea//  --We serve lunch and afternoon tea .//  --We stopped for a cream tea on the way home (=tea and cream cakes) .//  b) used in some parts of Britain to mean a large meal that is eaten early in the evening//    high tea see usage note  dinner//\n  4  tea and sympathy:   BrE kindness and attention that you give someone when they are upset//    not be your cup of tea at cup1 //


Words: tea break
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE a short pause from work in the middle of the morning or afternoon for a drink, a rest etc//   coffee break//


Words: tea chest
Meaning:
n [C]   a large wooden box that used to have tea in it, often used afterwards for moving and storing things//


Words: tea leaves
Meaning:
n [plural]   the small pieces of leaves used to make tea. People sometimes look at the leaves left at the bottom of a cup to find out what will happen in the future.//


Words: tea party
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a small party in the afternoon at which tea, cake etc is served:\n  2  be no tea party:   AmE  informal to be very difficult or unpleasant to do//


Words: tea towel
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE a small cloth that you use for drying cups, plates etc after you have washed them//  American Equivalent:  dish towel//


Words: teach
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  taught /t[hA350][hA359]t $ t[hA361][hA359]t///  ----------//\n   1 school/college etc:\n   2 show somebody how:\n   3 change somebody’s ideas:\n   4 experience shows something:\n   5 that’ll teach you (to do something):\n   6 teach somebody a lesson:\n   7 you can’t teach an old dog new tricks:\n   8 teach your grandmother (to suck eggs):  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: t[zB024]can  ’to show, teach’]//\n  1 SCHOOL/COLLEGE ETC:   [I and T] to give lessons in a school, college, or university, or to help someone learn about something by giving them information//    learn//  teach at//  --Neil teaches at the Guildhall School of Music in London.//  teach (sb) English/mathematics/history etc //  --He taught geography at the local secondary school.//  teach sb (sth) about sth//  --We were never taught anything about other religions.//  teach sth to sb//  --I’m teaching English to Italian students.//  teach school/college etc  AmE  (=teach in a school etc) //\n  2 SHOW SOMEBODY HOW:   [T] to show someone how to do something//  teach sb (how) to do sth//  --My father taught me to swim.//  --different methods of teaching children how to read//  teach sb sth//  --Can you teach me one of your card tricks?//\n  3 CHANGE SOMEBODY’S IDEAS:   [T] to show or tell someone how they should behave or what they should think//  teach sb to do sth//  --When I was young, we were taught to treat older people with respect.//  teach sb sth//  --No one ever taught him the difference between right and wrong.//  teach sb that//  --He taught me that the easy option isn’t always the best one.//\n  4 EXPERIENCE SHOWS SOMETHING:   [T] if an experience or situation teaches you something, it helps you to understand something about life//  teach sb to do sth//  --Experience has taught me to avoid certain areas of the city.//  teach sb that//  --It’s certainly taught me that work and money aren’t the most important things in life.//\n  5  that’ll teach you (to do sth):   spoken used when something unpleasant has just happened to someone because they acted stupidly//  --That’ll teach you to be late!//\n  6  teach sb a lesson:   informal if someone or something teaches you a lesson, you are punished for something you have done, so that you will not want to do it again//\n  7  you can’t teach an old dog new tricks:  used to say that older people often do not want to change the way they do things//\n  8  teach your grandmother (to suck eggs):   BrE to give someone advice about something that they already know//


Words: teach-in
Meaning:
n [C]   an informal meeting of people who are interested in a particular subject, where they have the opportunity to learn more about it//


Words: teacher
Meaning:
n [C]   someone whose job is to teach, especially in a school//  --a primary school teacher//  language/history/science etc teacher //  teacher training/education (=professional training to become a teacher) //  ----------//  WORD CHOICE: teacher, professor, lecturer, tutor, instructor, coach, trainer //  A  teacher usually works in a school : Do the children like their new teacher?  //  A  professor  is a teacher of the highest rank in a British university, and is a general term for a teacher in an American college. //  Someone who teaches in a British university and who is not a professor is called a  lecturer . //  A  tutor gives lessons to just one student or a small group of students, especially privately in their home or a student’s home : a private tutor //  An  instructor  is someone who helps people learn a sport or practical skill, such as driving, skiing, or swimming : a riding instructor //  A  coach is someone who helps a person or a team to improve in a sport : the school swimming coach //  A  trainer  is someone who teaches people the skills they need for a job : a teacher trainer . It is also someone who teaches skills to animals| a racehorse trainer //  ----------//


Words: teacher’s pet
Meaning:
n [singular]    informal a child who everyone thinks is the teacher’s favourite student and is therefore disliked by the other students//


Words: teaching
Meaning:
n [U] \n  1 the work or profession of a teacher:  --She’s thinking of going into teaching (=becoming a teacher) .//  language/science etc teaching //  --criticisms of English teaching in schools//  the teaching profession //  teaching methods/materials etc //  teaching practice  BrE //  student teaching  AmE  (=a period of teaching done by someone who is training to be a teacher) //\n  2  also teachings :   [plural] the moral, religious, or political ideas of a particular person or group which are taught to other people//  teaching of//  --the teachings of Gandhi//  religious/Christian/Buddhist etc teachings //


Words: teaching assistant
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1  BrE a person who is not a trained teacher who helps a school teacher in classes:\n  2  AmE a graduate student at a university who teaches classes:


Words: teak
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Portuguese; Origin: teca, from  Malayalam tekka]//  [U] a hard yellowish-brown wood that is used for making ships and good quality furniture//


Words: team
Meaning:
n [C]   [Language: Old English; Origin: ’young of an animal, group of animals pulling something’]//\n  1 a group of people who play a game or sport together against another group:  football/basketball etc team //  --Tim plays for the national volleyball team.//  --What football team do you support ?//  [also + plural verb British English] //  --Our team are winning.//  --He was a member of the team who won the 1998 Cup Final.//  in a team  BrE //  /on a team  AmE //  --Is Mario going to be on the team this year?//  team manager/coach //  team game/sport //  --team sports such as soccer and rugby//\n  2 a group of people who have been chosen to work together to do a particular job:  team of//  --a team of experts//  management/research/sales etc team //  --a senior member of the design team//  --Our success lies in working together as a team .//  --It was a tremendous team effort  (=everyone worked well) .//  --You need to choose a team leader .//\n  3 two or more animals that are used to pull a vehicle:\nteam 2 v [T]   to put two things or people together, because they will look good or work well together//  team sth with sth//  --black trousers teamed with a bright shirt//  team up phr v//  to join with someone in order to work on something//  team up with//  --You can team up with one other class member if you want.//


Words: team player
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who works well as a member of a team, especially in business//  --He was a good businessman, but never a team player.//


Words: team-mate
Meaning:
BrE  also  teammate/ti[hA359]m-me[hA366]t/ n [C]   someone who belongs to the same team as you//  --He finished just ahead of his Ferrari team-mate.//


Words: teamwork
Meaning:
n [U]   when a group of people work effectively together//  --We want to encourage good teamwork and communication.//


Words: tear
Meaning:
W3S3   n \n  1 [C usually plural] a drop of salty liquid that comes out of your eye when you are crying:  --The children were all  in tears .//  --She came home in floods of tears .//  --I could see that Sam was close to tears .//  --Bridget suddenly burst into tears and ran out.//  --He was fighting back tears as he spoke.//  --A lot of people were moved to tears by his story.//  --He kissed her cheek, a gesture that brought tears to her eyes .//  --I must admit I shed a few tears when the school closed.//  --I saw grown men reduced to tears that day.//  --’Please don’t talk like that,’ Ellen implored him, her eyes  filling with tears .//  --By this time, tears were streaming down my face.//  --The tears he shed were tears of joy .//\n  2  it’ll (all) end in tears:   BrE  spoken used to warn someone that something they are doing will cause problems or arguments between people//    bore sb to tears at bore2 (1)//    crocodile tears at crocodile(4)//  ----------//  COLLOCATES for sense 1 //  in tears (=crying) //  in floods of tears British English (=crying a lot) //  close to tears/on the verge of tears (=almost crying) //  burst into tears (=suddenly start crying) //  fight back (the) tears also choke back tears (=try not to cry) //  moved to tears (=so upset that you cry) //  bring tears to somebody’s eyes (=make someone cry) //  shed tears/a tear (=cry) //  reduce somebody to tears (=make someone cry) //  somebody’s eyes fill with tears //  tears well up in your eyes (=you start to cry) //  tears roll/run/stream down somebody’s face/cheeks //  tears of joy/rage/frustration etc (=crying because you are happy, angry etc) //  ----------//\ntear 2 W3S2   v   past tense  tore /t[hA350][hA359] $ t[hA350][hA359]r///  past participle  torn /t[hA350][hA359]n $ t[hA350][hA359]rn///  ----------//\n   1 paper/cloth:\n   2 move quickly:\n   3 remove something:\n   4 be torn:\n   5 muscle:\n   6 tear loose:\n   7 tear somebody/something to shreds/pieces:\n   8 tear somebody off a strip/tear a strip off somebody:\n   9 tear somebody limb from limb:\n  10 be tearing your hair out:\n  11 be in a tearing hurry:\n  12 tear somebody’s heart (out)/tear at somebody’s heart:\n  13 that’s torn it!:  Phrasal verbs//   tear somebody/something apart//   tear at somebody/something//   tear somebody away//   tear something → down//   tear into somebody/something//   tear something → off//   tear something → up//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: teran]//\n  1 PAPER/CLOTH:  a)  [T] to damage something such as paper or cloth by pulling it hard or letting it touch something sharp//   rip//  --Be careful not to tear the paper.//  --His clothes were old and torn.//  tear sth on sth//  --She realized she had torn her jacket on a nail.//  tear sth off//  --Tear off the slip at the bottom of this page and send it back to us.//  tear sth out (of sth)//  --He tore a page out of his notebook and handed it to her.//  --The dog had torn a huge hole in the tent.//  --He picked up the envelope and tore it open .//  --She tore the letter to pieces and threw it in the bin.//  --Most of her clothes had been torn to shreds .//  b)  [I] if paper or cloth tears, it splits and a hole appears, because it has been pulled too hard or has touched something sharp//  --The paper is old and tears easily.//\n  2 MOVE QUICKLY:   [I always + adverb/preposition] to run or drive somewhere very quickly, especially in a dangerous or careless way//  --She tore back into the house.//  --We tore down to the hospital.//  --He tore off into town.//\n  3 REMOVE SOMETHING:   [T always + adverb/preposition] to pull something violently from a person or place//  tear sth from sb/sth//  --He tore the letter from my hand.//  --A bridge was torn from the bank by the floodwaters.//  tear sth off sth//  --High winds nearly tore the roof off the house.//\n  4  be torn:  a) if you are torn, you are unable to decide what to do because you have different feelings or different things that you want//  be torn between//  --She was torn between her love of dancing and her fear of performing in public.//  --He was torn two ways.//  --Jess was torn by anger and worry.//  b) if a country or group is torn, it is divided because people in it have very different ideas and are arguing or fighting with each other//  --The country was torn by civil war.//  --She spent two months in the war-torn city.//\n  5 MUSCLE:   [T] to damage a muscle or ligament//  --She had torn a muscle in her leg.//\n  6  tear loose:  to move violently and no longer be attached to something//  --One end had torn loose.//\n  7  tear sb/sth to shreds/pieces:   informal to criticize someone or something very severely//  --He tore her arguments to shreds.//\n  8  tear sb off a strip/tear a strip off sb:   BrE  informal to talk to someone very angrily because they have done something wrong//\n  9  tear sb limb from limb:   literary to attack someone in a very violent way//\n  10  be tearing your hair out:   BrE  informal to feel anxious and upset because you are worried, or because you have to deal with something that is very difficult//  --I’ve been tearing my hair out trying to get done in time.//\n  11  be in a tearing hurry:   BrE to be doing something very quickly because you are late//\n  12  tear sb’s heart (out)/tear at sb’s heart:  to make someone feel extremely upset//  --The thought of her out there alone tore at my heart.//\n  13  that’s torn it!:   BrE  spoken  old-fashioned used when something bad has happened that stops you from doing what you intended to do//  --Oh, no, that’s torn it! I’ve left my keys in the car!//  tear apart [tear sb/sth apart] phr v//\n  1  tear sth → apart:  to cause serious arguments in a group of people//   rip apart//  --Scandal is tearing the government apart.//  --a row that tore the family apart//\n  2  literary to separate people who are in a close relationship with each other:  --Nothing can tear us apart!//\n  3 to make someone feel extremely unhappy or upset:  --Seeing her so upset really tore him apart.//\n  4  tear sth → apart:  to break something violently into a lot of small pieces//   rip apart//  --Her body had been torn apart by wolves.//  tear at / [tear at sb/sth] phr v//  to pull violently at someone or something//  --The children were screaming and tearing at each other’s hair.//  tear away [tear sb away] phr v//  to make yourself or someone else leave a place when you or they do not want to leave//  --He was enjoying the fun and couldn’t tear himself away.//  tear somebody away from//  --We finally managed to tear him away from the TV.//  tear down [tear sth → down] phr v//  to destroy a building deliberately//  --A lot of the old tower blocks have been torn down to make way for new housing.//  tear into / [tear into sb/sth] phr v//\n  1 to attack someone by hitting them very hard:  --The two boys tore into each other.//\n  2 to criticize someone very strongly and angrily:  --From time to time she would really tear into her staff.//\n  3 to start doing something quickly, with a lot of energy:  --I was amazed at the way she tore into her work.//  tear off [tear sth → off] phr v//  to remove your clothes as quickly as you can//  --He tore off his clothes and dived into the water.//  tear up [tear sth → up] phr v//\n  1 to tear a piece of paper or cloth into small pieces:   rip up//  --She tore up his letter and threw it away.//\n  2 to remove something from the ground by pulling or pushing it violently:  --the remains of trees that had been torn up by the storm//\n  3  tear up an agreement/a contract etc:  to say that you no longer accept an agreement or contract//  --threats to tear up the peace agreement//\ntear 3   n [C]   a hole in a piece of cloth or paper where it has been torn//  tear in//  --There was a huge tear in his shirt.//    wear and tear at wear2 (2)//


Words: tear gas
Meaning:
n [U]   a gas that stings your eyes, used by the police to control crowds//  --The police used tear gas to break up the demonstration.//


Words: tearaway
Meaning:
n [C]    informal a young person who behaves badly and often gets into trouble//  --His car was wrecked by a couple of young tearaways.//


Words: teardrop
Meaning:
n [C]    literary a single drop of salty liquid that comes out of your eye when you are crying//  --A large teardrop ran down her cheek.//


Words: tearful
Meaning:
adj  also teary  informal   someone who is tearful is crying a little, or almost crying//  --a tearful farewell//  -- tearfully adv //  --She looked at me tearfully.//


Words: tease
Meaning:
v   ----------//\n   1 laugh:\n   2 annoy an animal:\n   3 sex:\n   4 hair:  Phrasal verbs//   tease something → out//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: t[zB024]san]//\n  1 LAUGH:   [I and T] to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind way//  --Don’t get upset. I was only teasing .//  --He used to tease her mercilessly .//  tease sb about sth//  --She used to tease me about my hair.//\n  2 ANNOY AN ANIMAL:   [T] to deliberately annoy an animal//  --Stop teasing the cat!//\n  3 SEX:   [I and T] to deliberately make someone sexually excited without intending to have sex with them, in a way that seems unkind//\n  4 HAIR:   [T]  AmE to comb your hair in the opposite direction to which it grows, so that it looks thicker//  British Equivalent:  backcomb//  tease out [tease sth → out] phr v//\n  1 to succeed in learning information that is hidden, or that someone does not want to tell you:  tease something → out of//  --I finally managed to tease the truth out of her.//\n  2 to gently move hairs or threads that are stuck together so that they become loose or straight again:  --She combed her hair, gently teasing out the knots.//\ntease 2 n [C]  informal \n  1 someone who enjoys making jokes at people, and embarrassing them, especially in a friendly way:  --Don’t take any notice of Joe - he’s a big tease.//\n  2 something that you say or do as a joke, to tease someone:  --I’m sorry, it was only a tease.//\n  3 someone who deliberately makes you sexually excited, but has no intention of having sex with you:


Words: teaser
Meaning:
n [C]  informal \n  1 a very difficult question that you have to answer as part of a game or competition:\n  2 a short advertisement which appears a few days or weeks before a full advertisement for a product:


Words: teaser ad
Meaning:
n [C]   an advertisement that is used to make people interested in a product, but that does not give very much information about the product, so that people will pay attention to more advertisements later//


Words: teasingly
Meaning:
adv   in a way that shows you are joking and trying to have fun by embarrassing someone in a friendly way//


Words: teaspoon
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a small spoon that you use for mixing sugar into tea and coffee:\n  2  also teaspoonful /ti[hA359]spu[hA359]nf[hA35E]l/:   written abbreviation tsp //  the amount that a teaspoon can hold, used as a unit for measuring food or liquid in cooking//  teaspoon of//  --Add a teaspoon of salt.//


Words: teat
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: tete]//\n  1  BrE the rubber part on a baby’s bottle that the baby sucks milk from:  American Equivalent:  nipple//\n  2 one of the small parts on a female animal’s body that her babies suck milk from:


Words: teatime
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE   a time in the late afternoon or early evening when people have a meal//  --John won’t be back until teatime.//


Words: TEC
Meaning:
Training and Enterprise Council a British organization paid for by the government which helps to train people for new jobs, especially people who are unemployed. It also helps people start their own business or learn how to manage it effectively.//


Words: technical
Meaning:
adj   ----------//\n   1 machines:\n   2 technical problem/hitch:\n   3 language:\n   4 details/rules:\n   5 skills:  ----------//  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Greek; Origin: technikos  ’of art, skillful’, from  techne  ’art, skill’]//\n  1 MACHINES:  connected with knowledge of how machines work//  --Our staff will be available to give you technical support .//  --I have no technical knowledge at all.//  -- technical training //\n  2  technical problem/hitch:  a problem involving the way a machine or system works//  --We’ve been having some technical problems with the new hardware.//\n  3 LANGUAGE:  technical language is language that is difficult for most people to understand because it is connected with one particular subject or used in one particular job//  --I didn’t understand all the technical terms .//\n  4 DETAILS/RULES:  relating to small exact details or rules that say how a system should work//  --He called for the legislation to be delayed on a technical point.//  --This is a technical violation of the treaty.//\n  5 SKILLS:  technical ability is the ability to do the difficult things that you have to do in order to play music, do a sport etc//  --a young player with a lot of technical ability//


Words: technical college
Meaning:
n [C]   a college in Britain where, in the past, students could study to take examinations in practical subjects//


Words: technical support
Meaning:
also  tech support n [U] \n  1 help or information that you receive to improve a computer program or system, make it continue working, or use it correctly:\n  2 the department of a company that provides help with using computers:  --Maybe you’d better try calling tech support.//


Words: technicality
Meaning:
n   plural  technicalities  [C] //\n  1  technicalities [plural] the small details of how to do something or how a system or process works:  technicalities of//  --I don’t really want to get into discussing the technicalities of laser printing.//\n  2 a small detail in a law or a set of rules, especially one that forces you to make a decision that seems unfair:  --The case against him had to be dropped because of a legal technicality.//  on a technicality//  --The proposal was rejected on a technicality (=because of a technicality) .//


Words: technically
Meaning:
S3   adv \n  1 according to the exact details of a rule or law:  [sentence adverb] //  --Technically, the two countries are still at war, as a peace treaty was never signed.//  [+ adjective/adverb] //  --What you have done is technically illegal.//\n  2 [+ adjective/adverb] concerning the special skills that are needed to play music, do a sport etc:  --a technically brilliant pianist//  --The dance looks simple, but is technically very difficult.//\n  3 concerning the way machines are used to do work:  --Agriculture is becoming more and more technically advanced .//\n  4  technically possible/difficult/feasible etc:  possible, difficult etc using the scientific knowledge that is available now//  --It could soon be technically possible to produce a human being by cloning.//


Words: technician
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 someone whose job is to check equipment or machines and make sure that they are working properly:  --a laboratory technician//  --a hospital technician//\n  2 someone who is very good at the skills of a particular sport, music, art etc:  --Whether he was a great artist or not, Dali was a superb technician.//


Words: technicolour
Meaning:
BrE  technicolor AmE   n   in full/glorious technicolour//  if you see something in glorious technicolour, you see it clearly on a screen, with lots of bright colours//


Words: technique
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: French; Origin: technique  ’technical’, from  Greek technikos;   TECHNICAL]//\n  1 [C] a special way of doing something:  technique for//  --There are various techniques for dealing with industrial pollution.//  technique of//  --In mathematics, we use many techniques of problem-solving.//\n  2 [U] the special way in which you move your body when you are playing music, doing a sport etc, which is difficult to learn and needs a lot of skill:  --He’s a great player, with brilliant technique.//


Words: techno
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: technological]//  a type of popular electronic dance music with a fast strong beat//


Words: techno-
Meaning:
prefix   [Language: Greek; Origin: techne;   TECHNICAL]//  concerning machines and electronic equipment such as computers//  --technophobia (=dislike of computers, machines etc) //  --techno-literacy (=skill in using computers) //


Words: techno-geek
Meaning:
n [C]  informal   someone whose main interest is electronic equipment, especially equipment connected with computers and the Internet, and who spends too much time buying this equipment and using it - often used to show disapproval//  --techno-geeks on the hunt for new tools//


Words: technocracy
Meaning:
n   plural  technocracies  [U and C] //  a social system in which people with a lot of knowledge about science, machines, and computers have a lot of power//


Words: technological
Meaning:
adj   related to technology//  --The steam engine was the greatest technological advance of the 19th century//  -- technologically/-kli/ adv //  --the most technologically advanced factory in Europe.//


Words: technology
Meaning:
W1S2   n   plural  technologies  [U and C] //  new machines, equipment, and ways of doing things that are based on modern knowledge about science and computers//  --Modern technology makes moving money around much easier than it used to be.//  --Advances in technology have improved crop yields by over 30%.//  --There have been major new developments in satellite technology.//  --Many people are unwilling to embrace new technologies.//


Words: technophobe
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who does not like modern machines, such as computers, and would prefer to live without them//  -- technophobia/tekn[hA353]f[hA353][hA35E]bi[hA353] $ -fo[hA35E]-/ n  [U] //


Words: Tecumseh
Meaning:
(?1765-1813) a chief of the  Shawnee tribe who tried to unite the  Native American groups in North America so that together they could prevent the US from taking any more of their land. They were beaten at the battle of  Tippecanoe in 1811, and Tecumseh was killed in a battle against the US army in 1813.//


Words: teddy bear
Meaning:
n  also teddy  [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin:  Theodore (’ Teddy’) Roosevelt (1858-1919), U.S. president, who liked hunting bears]//  a soft toy in the shape of a bear//


Words: Teddy Bears’ Picnic
Meaning:
the   a children’s song which was first popular in Britain the 1950s and which starts: If you go down to the woods today,/You’re sure of a big surprise./If you go down to the woods today,/You’d better go in disguise ...//


Words: teddy boy
Meaning:
n [C]   a member of a group of young men in Britain in the 1950s who had their own special style of clothes and music//


Words: tedious
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Late Latin; Origin: taediosus, from  Latin taedium, from  taedere  ’to disgust, make tired’]//  something that is tedious continues for a long time and is not interesting//   boring//  --The work was tiring and tedious.//  -- tediously adv //  --a tediously long film//


Words: tedium
Meaning:
n [U]   the feeling of being bored because the things you are doing are not interesting and continue for a long time without changing//  --We sang while we worked, to relieve the tedium .//  tedium of//  --the tedium of everyday life//


Words: tee
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: teaz  ’tee’ (1600-1700) (mistaken as plural), probably from a  Scandinavian language]//\n  1 a small object that you use in a game of golf to hold the ball above the ground before you hit it:\n  2 the place where you first hit the ball towards each hole in a game of golf:\ntee 2 v   past tense and past participle  teed //  tee off phr v//\n  1 to hit the ball towards a hole for the first time in a game of golf:\n  2  tee sb off:   AmE  informal to make someone angry//  --His attitude really tees me off.//


Words: teem
Meaning:
v   teem down phr v//  [Language: Old English; Origin: timan,  t[zB024]man]//  to rain very heavily//  --It’s been teeming down all day.//  teem with / [teem with  sb/sth] phr v//\n  1 to be very full of people or animals, all moving about:  --The island was teeming with tourists.//\n  2  BrE if it is teeming with rain, it is raining very heavily:


Words: teeming
Meaning:
adj \n  1 full of people, animals etc that are all moving around:  --the teeming streets of the city//\n  2  BrE teeming rain is very heavy rain:  --She walked home through the teeming rain.//


Words: teen
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]  informal   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: teenage]//  relating to teenagers or used by teenagers//  --a rock star and teen idol//  --a teen magazine//\nteen 2 n [C] \n  1  AmE  informal a teenager:\n  2  teens [plural] your teens is the period of your life when you are between 13 and 19 years old:  be in your teens//  --She was in her teens when she met him.//  early/late teens //  --We moved to York when I was in my early teens.//


Words: teenage
Meaning:
[only before noun] \n  1 aged between 13 and 19:  --a teenage boy//  --my teenage daughter//\n  2 relating to or affecting people aged between 13 and 19:  --the teenage years//  --teenage rebellion//  --the problem of teenage pregnancy//


Words: teenager
Meaning:
n [C]    also teen //   informal someone who is between 13 and 19 years old//  --a TV sex education series aimed at teenagers//


Words: teeny
Meaning:
adj  informal   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: tiny, probably influenced by  weeny (  TEENY WEENY). teensy  1800-1900 Probably from  teeny]//  very small//   tiny//  --I was just a teeny bit disappointed.//


Words: teeny weeny
Meaning:
informal   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin:  weeny  ’very small’ (1700-1800) from   WEE1 +  tiny. teensy weensy  1900-2000 Probably from  teeny weeny]//  a word meaning very small - used especially by children or when speaking to children//


Words: teenybopper
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: teen +  -y +  bopper (from   BOP1)]//   old-fashioned a girl between the ages of about 9 and 14, who is very interested in popular music, teenage fashions etc//


Words: Teeside
Meaning:
Teesside  an area in northeast England around the place where the River Tees enters the North Sea. It is north of Yorkshire and south of Tyneside, and is an important industrial centre, especially for the oil and chemical industries.//


Words: teeter
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: titter  ’to move unsteadily’ (14-20 centuries)]//\n  1 to stand or walk moving from side to side, as if you are going to fall:  --She teetered along in her high-heeled shoes.//\n  2  be teetering on the brink/edge of sth:  to be very close to being in an unpleasant or dangerous situation//  --The country teetered on the brink of war.//


Words: teeter-totter
Meaning:
n [C]    AmE a large toy like a board on which two children sit, one at each end//  British Equivalent:  seesaw//


Words: teethe
Meaning:
v [I]   [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: teeth]//  be teething//  if a baby is teething, its first teeth are growing//


Words: teething troubles
Meaning:
also  teething problems n [plural]   small problems that you have when you first start doing a new job or using a new system//


Words: Teflon
Meaning:
n [U]    trademark a plastic that stops things from sticking to it, used on the inside of pans to stop food sticking to the pan//


Words: tele-
Meaning:
prefix   [Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Greek, from  tele  ’far off’]//\n  1 at or over a long distance:  --a telescope (=for seeing a long way) //  --telecommunications (=communicating with people a long way away) //  --teleshopping (=using a computer in your home to order goods) //\n  2 for television or broadcast on television:  --a teleplay//\n  3 using a telephone:  telesales (=selling products to people by telephone) //


Words: telecast
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tele- +  broadcast]//  something that is broadcast on television//  -- telecast v  [T] //  --The game will be telecast live.//


Words: Telecom Tower
Meaning:
the Telecom Tower//  a very tall, narrow, circular building in central London which was built in the 1960s and used to be called the Post Office Tower. It is used for sending and receiving electronic signals for radio, telephones, and television.//


Words: telecommunications
Meaning:
n [plural]   the sending and receiving of messages by telephone, radio, television etc//  --a new telecommunications system//  --the telecommunications industry//


Words: telecommuter
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who works at home using a computer connected to a company’s main office//  -- telecommuting n  [U] //


Words: teleconference
Meaning:
n [C]   a discussion in which people in different places talk to each other using telephones or video equipment//\nteleconference 2 v [I]   to have a meeting in which people in different places talk to each other using telephones or video equipment//  -- teleconferencing n  [U] //


Words: telegenic
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tele- +  -genic (as in  photogenic)]//  someone who is telegenic looks nice on television//


Words: telegraph
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: telegraphe, from  tele-  ’tele-’ +  -graphe (from  Late Latin -graphus  ’written’)]//\n  1 [U] an old-fashioned method of sending messages using radio or electrical signals:\n  2 [C] a piece of equipment that receives or sends messages in this way:  -- telegraphic/tel[hA369]gr[zB024]f[hA366]k[hA36B]/ adj //\ntelegraph 2 v \n  1 [I and T] to send a message by telegraph:  --Once he knew where we were, Lewis telegraphed every few hours.//\n  2 [T]  informal to let people know what you intend to do without saying anything:  --A slight movement of the hand telegraphed his intention to shoot.//


Words: telegraph pole
Meaning:
n [C]    BrE a tall wooden pole for supporting telephone wires//  American Equivalent:  telephone pole//


Words: telemarketing
Meaning:
n [U]   a way of selling products to people in which you telephone people to see if they want to buy something//


Words: telepathic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 someone who is telepathic has a mysterious ability to know what other people are thinking:\n  2 a telepathic message is sent from one person to another by using thoughts, not by talking or writing:


Words: telepathy
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: tele- +  Greek -patheia  ’feeling, understanding’]//  a way of communicating in which thoughts are sent from one person’s mind to another person’s mind//


Words: telephone
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: tele- +  Greek phone  ’sound, voice’]//\n  1  the telephone:  the system of communication that you use to have a conversation with someone in another place//   phone//  by telephone//  --Reservations can be made by telephone.//  on the telephone//  --I’ve never met him, but I’ve spoken to him on the telephone.//  over the telephone//  --I read the names out to him over the telephone.//  down the telephone//   BrE //  --He shouted at me down the telephone.//  --I had a long telephone conversation with her yesterday.//\n  2 [C] the piece of equipment that you use when you are talking to someone by telephone:   phone//  --The telephone rang just as I was leaving.//  --She picked up the telephone and dialled a number.//  --I said goodbye and put down the telephone .//\n  3  be on the telephone:  a) to be talking to someone, using the telephone//  --I was on the telephone when he came in.//  b) to have a telephone in your home, office etc//   see usage note  call1 //\ntelephone 2 v [I and T]    BrE  formal to talk to someone by telephone//   phone, call//  --Sammy telephoned to say that he would be late.//  --I’ll telephone you later.//


Words: telephone banking
Meaning:
n [U]   a service provided by banks so that people can find out information about their bank account, pay bills etc by telephone rather than by going to a bank//


Words: telephone booth
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE   a small structure that is partly or completely enclosed, containing a public telephone//   phone booth//


Words: telephone box
Meaning:
BrE telephone booth  AmE n [C]   a very small building in a street where there is a telephone that the public can use//


Words: telephone call
Meaning:
n [C]   when you speak to someone by telephone//  --There’s a telephone call for you, Mr Baron.//  have/get/receive a telephone call //  --I had a telephone call from George this morning.//  --Can I make a quick telephone call ?//


Words: telephone directory
Meaning:
n [C]   a book containing a list of the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of all the people in a particular area//   phone book//


Words: telephone number
Meaning:
n [C]   the number that you use to telephone a person//  --What’s your telephone number?//  --He gave me his address and telephone number.//


Words: telephone pole
Meaning:
n [C]    AmE a tall wooden pole for supporting telephone wires//  British Equivalent:  telegraph pole//


Words: telephoto lens
Meaning:
n [C]   a long lens//  that you put on a camera so that you can take clear photographs of things that are a long way away//


Words: teleprinter
Meaning:
n [C]   a machine that prints messages that have been written on a machine somewhere else and sent along telephone lines//  American Equivalent:  teletypewriter//


Words: telescope
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: telescopium, from  Greek teleskopos  ’seeing a long way’, from  tele- (  TELE-) +  skopos  ’watcher’]//  a piece of equipment shaped like a tube, used for making distant objects look larger and closer//  through a telescope//  --Details on the moon’s surface can only be seen through a telescope.//\ntelescope 2 v \n  1 [T] to make a process or set of events happen in a shorter time:  be telescoped into sth//  --The whole legal process was telescoped into a few weeks.//\n  2 [I] if something telescopes, the parts of it press together or slide over each other, and it becomes smaller:  --The front of the car telescoped when it hit the wall.//


Words: telescopic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 made of parts that slide over each other so that the whole thing can be made longer or shorter:  --a tripod with telescopic legs//\n  2 making distant things look bigger, like a telescope does:  --a telescopic lens//  --a rifle with a telescopic sight//\n  3 done using a telescope:  --his telescopic observations of the moon//


Words: Teletext
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE  trademark   a system of broadcasting written information on television//  on Teletext//  --You can find more details about all this week’s films on teletext.//


Words: telethon
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: television +  -thon (as in  marathon)]//  a long television show in which famous people provide entertainment and ask people watching to give money to help people//


Words: televangelist
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: television +  evangelist]//  someone who appears regularly on television to try to persuade people to become Christians, and often also asks people to give them money//  -- televangelism n  [U] //


Words: televise
Meaning:
v [T]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: television]//  to broadcast something on television//  --The game will be televised live on ABC tonight.//


Words: television
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: French; Origin: television, from  tele-  ’tele-’ +  vision]//\n  1 [C]  also television set :   formal a piece of electronic equipment shaped like a box with a screen, on which you can watch programmes//   TV//  --a widescreen television//  turn/switch a television on/off //  --Lucy turned on the television to watch the evening news.//  turn the television up/down (=make it louder or quieter) //\n  2 [U] the programmes broadcast in this way:   TV//  --In the evenings I like to relax and watch television .//  television programme/show/series etc //  --a television documentary about runaway children//\n  3  on (the) television:  broadcast or being broadcast on television//  --What’s on television tonight?//\n  4 [U] the business of making and broadcasting programmes on television:   TV//  in television//  --Jean works in television.//  television producer/reporter/presenter etc //  --a television film crew//  satellite/cable television //  ----------//  WORD FOCUS: television //  similar words: TV,  telly (BrE informal),  the box (BrE informal),  the tube (AmE informal) //  programmes on television: the news,  soap opera,  sitcom,  drama series,  detective series,  documentary,  docusoap,  game show,  talk show also chat show (BrE),  made-for-TV movie,  cartoon,  reality TV,  infomercial //  a TV programme shown on the Internet: webcast //  a company that broadcasts programmes: channel,  station //  types of television broadcasts: terrestrial (BrE),  cable,  satellite,  digital,  pay-per-view //  See also:  channel surfing//  ----------//


Words: television licence
Meaning:
n [C]   an official piece of paper that you need to buy in Britain in order to legally use a television in your home//


Words: televisual
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]  BrE   relating to television//  --a major televisual event like the Olympics//


Words: teleworker
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who works from home, and communicates with their employer, customers etc using a computer, telephone etc//  -- teleworking n  [U] //


Words: telex
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: teleprinter +  exchange]//\n  1 [U] a method of communication, in which messages are written on a special machine and then sent using the telephone network:\n  2 [C] a message sent in this way:  -- telex v  [I and T] //


Words: Telford
Meaning:
Thomas   (1757-1834) a Scottish  architect and engineer who built many bridges, roads, and  canals. Some of his bridges are still used today, including the road bridge across the  Menai Straits in North Wales. A new town called Telford, named after him, was built in central England in the 1960s.//


Words: Tell
Meaning:
William   a Swiss  folk hero of the 14th century, who opposed the Austrians who ruled Switzerland. According to a famous story, Tell was ordered by the Austrian  governor to use his  crossbow to shoot an apple placed on his own son’s head. He succeeded in doing this because of his great skill, and later killed the governor. This encouraged the Swiss people to fight and gain their independence. Tell’s story is told in a well-known  opera by  Rossini.//


Words: tell
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  told /t[hA353][hA35E]ld $ to[hA35E]ld///  ----------//\n   1 communicate something:\n   2 show something:\n   3 what somebody should do:\n   4 know:\n   5 recognize difference:\n   6 tell yourself something:\n   7 warn:\n   8 tell somebody about bad behaviour:\n   9 tell tales:\n  10 all told:\n  11 affect:\n  12 tell the time:\n  13 I/I’ll tell you what:\n  14 to tell (you) the truth:\n  15 I can tell you/I’m telling you:\n  16 tell me:\n  17 I told you so:\n  18 I’ll tell you something/one thing/another thing:\n  19 you can tell him from me:\n  20 I couldn’t tell you:\n  21 I can’t tell you:\n  22 don’t tell me:\n  23 somebody tells me (that):\n  24 you’re telling me:\n  25 tell me about it:\n  26 you never can tell/you can never tell:\n  27 there’s no telling what/how etc:\n  28 that would be telling:\n  29 tell somebody where to go/where to get off:\n  30 tell it like it is:\n  31 I’m not telling (you):\n  32 tell me another (one):  Phrasal verbs//   tell against somebody//   tell somebody/something apart//   tell of somebody/something//   tell somebody → off//   tell on somebody//  ----------//  [Language: Old English; Origin: tellan]//\n  1 COMMUNICATE SOMETHING:   [T] if someone tells you something, they communicate information, a story, their feelings etc to you//  tell sb (that)//  --I wish someone had told me the meeting was canceled.//  --The Chief of Police told reporters that two people were killed in the blast.//  tell sb what/how/where/who etc//  --Jack had to go, but he didn’t tell me why.//  --I think you’d better tell me exactly what’s been going on around here.//  tell sb about sth//  --No one had told them about the drug’s side effects.//  --I’ll tell you all about it when I get back.//  tell sb sth//  --Tell me your phone number again.//  tell (sb) a story/joke/secret/lie //  --She told us some funny stories about her sister.//  --Sheppard was telling the truth .//  tell sb straight (=tell someone the truth, even though it might upset them) //  --Tell me straight, Adam. Just answer yes or no. see usage note  say1 //\n  2 SHOW SOMETHING:   [T] to give information in ways other than talking//  tell sb how/what/where/who etc//  --The light tells you when the machine is ready.//  --The bear’s sense of smell tells it where prey is hiding.//  tell sb about sth//  --What do these fossils tell us about climate change?//\n  3 WHAT SOMEBODY SHOULD DO:   [T] to say that someone must do something//  tell sb (not) to do sth//  --The teacher told the children to sit down quietly.//  --I thought I told you not to touch anything!//  tell sb (that)//  --Bernice was told she had to work late this evening.//  tell sb what/how etc//  --Stop trying to tell me what to do all the time.//  -- Do as you are told  (=obey me) and don’t ask questions.//\n  4 KNOW:   [I,T not in progressive] to know something or be able to recognize something because of certain signs that show this//  can/can’t tell//  --She might have been lying. Benjy couldn’t tell.//  tell (that)//  --The moment Kramer walked in, I could tell that things were not going well.//  tell (sth) a mile off (=know easily) //  --You could tell a mile off that he was lying.//  tell when/how/whether/if etc//  --It’s hard to tell how long the job will take.//  tell sth by sth/from sth//  --I could tell from his tone of voice that Ken was disappointed.//\n  5 RECOGNIZE DIFFERENCE:   [T not in progressive] to be able to see how one person or thing is different from another//  tell sth from sth//  --How can you tell a fake Vuitton handbag from the real thing?//  --Can you tell the difference between sparkling wine and champagne?//    tell apart//\n  6  tell yourself sth:  to persuade yourself that something is true//  --I keep telling myself there is nothing I could have done to save him.//\n  7 WARN:   [T usually in past tense] to warn someone that something bad might happen//  tell sb (that)//  --I told you it was a waste of time talking to him.//  tell sb (not) to do sth//  --My mother told me not to trust Robert.//\n  8 TELL SOMEBODY ABOUT BAD BEHAVIOUR:   [I]  informal to tell someone in authority about something wrong that someone you know has done - used especially by children//   tell on somebody//  --If you hit me, I’ll tell.//    kiss-and-tell//\n  9  tell tales:   BrE to say something that is not true about someone else, in order to cause trouble for them - used especially about children//  --an unpopular boy, who was always telling tales on the other children//    telltale2 //\n  10  all told:  altogether, when everyone or everything has been counted//  --There must have been eight cars in the accident, all told.//\n  11 AFFECT:   [I not in progressive] to have an effect on someone, especially a harmful one//  tell on sb//  --These late nights are really beginning to tell on him.//\n  12  tell the time:   BrE tell time  AmE to be able to know what time it is by looking at a clock//\n  13  spoken  I/I’ll tell you what:   also tell you what //  a) used when you are suggesting or offering something//  --I tell you what - let’s have a picnic in the park.//  b)  AmE used in order to emphasize what you are really saying//  --I tell you what, I’m not looking forward to standing up in court tomorrow.//\n  14  spoken  to tell (you) the truth:  used to emphasize that you are being very honest//  --I don’t really want to go out, to tell the truth.//\n  15  spoken  I can tell you/I’m telling you:  used to emphasize that what you are saying is true even though it may be difficult to believe//  --I’m telling you, Sheila, I’ve never seen anything like it in my life.//\n  16  spoken  tell me:  used before asking a question//  --Tell me, do you think this dress goes with these shoes?//  --So tell me, how was it in Argentina?//\n  17  spoken  I told you so:  used when you have warned someone about a possible danger that has now happened and they have ignored your warning//  --I suppose you’ve come to say ’I told you so.’//\n  18  spoken  I’ll tell you sth/one thing/another thing:   also let me tell you sth/one thing/another thing //  used to emphasize what you are saying//  --I’ll tell you one thing - you’ll never get me to vote for him.//  --Let me tell you something - if I catch you kids smoking again, you’ll be grounded for a month at least.//\n  19  spoken  you can tell him from me:  used to ask someone to tell another person something, when you are annoyed or determined//  --Well, you can tell him from me that I’m going to make a complaint.//\n  20  spoken  I couldn’t tell you:  used to tell someone that you do not know the answer to their question//  --’How much would a rail ticket cost?’ ’ I couldn’t tell you; I always drive.’//\n  21  spoken  I can’t tell you:  a) used to say that you cannot tell someone something because it is a secret//  --’Where are you taking me?’ ’I can’t tell you; it would spoil the surprise.’//  b) used to say that you cannot express your feelings or describe something properly//  I can’t tell you how/why/what etc//  --I can’t tell you how worried I’ve been.//\n  22  spoken  don’t tell me:  used to interrupt someone because you know what they are going to say or because you want to guess - used especially when you are annoyed//  --’I’m sorry I’m late but ...’ ’Don’t tell me - the car broke down again?’//\n  23  spoken  sb tells me (that):  used to say what someone has told you//  --Mike tells me you’ve got a new job.//\n  24  spoken  you’re telling me:  used to emphasize that you already know and agree with something that someone has just said//  --’He’s such a pain to live with.’ ’You’re telling me!’//\n  25  spoken  tell me about it:  used to say that you already know how bad something is, especially because you have experienced it yourself//  --’I’ve been so tired lately.’ ’Yeah, tell me about it!’//\n  26  spoken  you never can tell/you can never tell:  used to say that you cannot be certain about what will happen in the future//  --The boy might turn out to be a genius. You never can tell.//\n  27  spoken  there’s no telling what/how etc:  used to say that it is impossible to know what has happened or what will happen next//  --There’s no telling what she’ll try next.//\n  28  spoken  that would be telling:  used to say that you cannot tell someone something because it is a secret//\n  29  spoken  tell sb where to go/where to get off:  used to tell someone angrily that what they have said is insulting or unfair//  --’Andy started criticizing the way I was dressed.’ ’I hope you told him where to get off!’//\n  30  spoken  tell it like it is:   AmE to say exactly what you think or what is true, without hiding anything that might upset or offend people//  --Don always tells it like it is.//\n  31  spoken  I’m not telling (you):  used to say that you refuse to tell someone something//  --’Mum, what are you getting me for my birthday?’ ’I’m not telling you - you’ll have to wait and see.’//\n  32  spoken  tell me another (one):  used when you do not believe what someone has told you//  tell against [tell against sb] phr v//  to make someone less likely to succeed in achieving or winning something//  --I badly wanted the job, but knew that my age would probably tell against me.//  tell apart [tell sb/sth apart] phr v//  if you can tell two people or things apart, you can see the difference between them, so that you do not confuse them//   distinguish//  --It’s almost impossible to tell the twins apart.//  tell of / [tell of sb/sth] phr v//  to describe an event or person//  --The poem tells of the deeds of a famous warrior.//  tell off [tell sb → off] phr v//  if someone in authority tells you off, they speak to you angrily about something wrong that you have done//  be/get told off//  --Shelley was one of those kids who was always getting told off at school.//  tell sb off for doing sth//  --My dad told me off for swearing.//  tell on [tell on sb] phr v//  to tell someone in authority about something wrong that someone you know has done - used especially by children//  --Please don’t tell on me - my parents will kill me if they find out!//


Words: teller
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 someone whose job is to receive and pay out money in a bank:\n  2 someone who counts votes:


Words: telling
Meaning:
adj \n  1 having a great or important effect:   significant//  --a telling argument//\n  2 showing the true character or nature of someone or something, often without being intended:  telling comment/example/detail etc //  -- tellingly adv //\ntelling 2 n \n  1 [U and C] when you tell a story:  --The story gets better with each telling.//\n  2  there is no telling:  used to say that there is no way to know what will happen in a certain situation//  --There’s no telling who is going to show up tonight.//


Words: telling-off plural
Meaning:
tellings-off  n [C usually singular]  BrE   the act of telling someone that they have done something wrong//  --I’ve already had one telling-off from Dad this week.//    tell off at tell//


Words: telltale
Meaning:
adj   telltale signs/marks etc//  signs etc that clearly show something has happened or exists, often something that is a secret//  --They examined the child carefully, looking for telltale signs of abuse.//\ntelltale 2 n [C]  BrE   a child who tells adults about other children’s secrets or bad behaviour - used by children to show disapproval//  American Equivalent:  tattletale//


Words: telly
Meaning:
S3   n   plural  tellies  [U and C]  BrE  informal //  [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: television]//  television//  on telly//  --Is there anything good on telly tonight?//


Words: temblor
Meaning:
n [C]  formal   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Spanish; Origin: ’shaker, earthquake’, from  temblar  ’to shake’]//  an earthquake//


Words: temerity
Meaning:
n [U]  formal   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: temeritas, from  temere  ’in the dark, too quickly and carelessly’]//  when someone says or does something in a way that shows a lack of respect for other people and is likely to offend them//  --He actually had the temerity to tell her to lose weight.//


Words: temp
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: temporary]//  an office worker who is only employed temporarily//\ntemp 2 v [I]   to work as a temp//  --Carol’s temping until she can find another job.//


Words: temper
Meaning:
n \n  1 [U and C] a tendency to become angry suddenly or easily:  --That temper of hers will get her into trouble one of these days.//  --According to Nathan, Robin has quite a temper .//  --Theo needs to learn to  control his temper .//  quick/bad/fiery etc temper //  --Be careful, he’s got a pretty violent temper.//  tempers flare  also //  tempers become frayed  BrE  (=people become angry) //  --Mason’s temper flared when he spotted his girlfriend kissing another man.//\n  2  lose your temper:  to suddenly become very angry so that you cannot control yourself//  --I’ve never seen Vic lose his temper.//\n  3 [singular, U] the way you are feeling at a particular time, especially when you are feeling angry for a short time:  in a temper//  --It’s no use talking to him when he’s in a temper.//  --Pete hit his brother in a fit of temper .//  be in a bad/foul temper (=to be angry) //  --Watch out - she’s been in a foul temper all day.//  fly into a temper //  --Her boss would fly into a temper if a project wasn’t done on time.//\n  4  keep your temper:  to stay calm when it would be easy to get angry//  --I was finding it increasingly difficult to keep my temper.//\n  5  good-tempered/foul-tempered/quick-tempered etc:  having a good, bad temper etc//  --Minnie was always good-tempered and agreeable.//\n  6 [singular]  formal the general attitude that people have in a particular place at one time:  temper of//  --the temper of life in Renaissance Italy//    bad-tempered,  even-tempered,  ill-tempered//\ntemper 2 v [T]   [Date: 900-1000; Language: Latin; Origin: temperare  ’to divide up properly, mix, keep within proper limits, temper’]//\n  1  formal to make something less severe or extreme:  temper sth with/by sth//  --The heat in this coastal town is tempered by cool sea breezes.//\n  2 to make metal as hard as is needed by heating it and then putting it in cold water:  --tempered steel//


Words: tempera
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Italian; Origin: ’temper’, from  Latin temperare;   TEMPER2]//  a type of paint in which the colour is mixed with a thick liquid//


Words: temperament
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: temperamentum, from  temperare;   TEMPER2]//  the emotional part of someone’s character, especially how likely they are to be happy, angry etc//  artistic/nervous/good etc temperament //  --Jill has such a lovely relaxed temperament.//  by temperament//  --Tolkien was, by temperament, a very different man from Lewis.//


Words: temperamental
Meaning:
adj \n  1 likely to suddenly become upset, excited, or angry - used to show disapproval:  --Preston is particularly good at handling temperamental people.//\n  2 a machine, system etc that is temperamental does not always work properly:  --Sorry if the heater’s a bit temperamental.//\n  3 relating to the emotional part of someone’s character:  --serious temperamental differences between the couple//  -- temperamentally adv //


Words: temperance
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: temperantia, from  temperare;   TEMPER2]//\n  1  old-fashioned when someone never drinks alcohol because of their moral or religious beliefs:\n  2  formal sensible control of the things you say and do, especially the amount of alcohol you drink:


Words: temperate
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of  temperare;   TEMPER2]//\n  1  temperate climate/zone/region etc:  a type of weather or a part of the world that is never very hot or very cold//\n  2  formal behaviour that is temperate is calm and sensible:  → intemperate//


Words: temperature
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: temperatura  ’mixture’, from  temperare;   TEMPER2]//\n  1 [U and C] a measure of how hot or cold a place or thing is:  temperature of//  --The temperature of the water was just right for swimming.//  --Water boils  at a temperature of  100[hA131]C.//  --The seeds should be stored at low temperatures .//  --a gradual rise in ocean temperatures //  --It took me a few days to become accustomed to the change in temperature .//  --In summer, the temperature can rise to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.//  --The temperature in New York dropped to minus 10[hA131] last night.//  --The refrigerator keeps your food at a constant temperature .//  --Red wine should be served at room temperature .//  --Exercise raises your body temperature .//  --The sun beat down and temperatures soared into the 30s.//\n  2  sb’s temperature:  the temperature of your body, especially used as a measure of whether you are sick or not//  --The nurse took  (=measured) my temperature .//\n  3  have a temperature:   also  be running a temperature//  to have a body temperature that is higher than normal, especially because you are sick//  --Susie has a temperature and has gone to bed.//\n  4 [C] the temperature of a situation is the way people are reacting, for example whether they are behaving angrily or calmly:  --The referee’s decision to give a penalty raised the temperarure of the match.//  ----------//  COLLOCATES for sense 1 //  at a temperature of something //  high temperature //  low temperature //  a rise in temperature //  a fall/drop in temperature //  a temperature change/a change in temperature //  the temperature rises/goes up (=it gets warmer) //  the temperature falls/drops/goes down (=it gets colder) //  a constant temperature (=one that does not change much) //  room temperature (=neither hot nor cold) //  air/water/body temperature (=how hot or cold the air, water, or someone’s body is) //  temperatures soar (=the weather becomes very hot) //  ----------//


Words: Tempest
Meaning:
The   a play by William  Shakespeare about  Prospero, the Duke of Milan, who has been forced by his brother to live alone on a distant island with his daughter  Miranda. The other main characters are Prospero’s magical helper, Ariel, and his  slave Caliban.//


Words: tempest
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: tempeste, from  Latin tempestas  ’season, weather, storm’, from  tempus  ’time’]//\n  1  literary a violent storm:\n  2  a tempest in a teapot:   AmE an unimportant matter that someone has become upset about//  --Haley dismissed the lawsuit as a tempest in a teapot.//


Words: tempestuous
Meaning:
adj \n  1 a tempestuous relationship or period of time involves a lot of difficulty and strong emotions:  --a tempestuous marriage//\n  2  literary a tempestuous sea or wind is very rough and violent:   stormy//


Words: template
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: templet, from  temple  ’instrument in a loom for keeping the cloth stretched’, probably from  Latin templum;   TEMPLE]//\n  1 a thin sheet of plastic or metal in a special shape or pattern, used to help cut other materials in a similar shape:\n  2  technical a computer document containing some basic information that you use as a model for writing other documents, such as business letters, envelopes etc:\n  3  written something that is used as a model for another thing:  template for//  --Her childhood became a template for how she brought up her own children.//


Words: Temple
Meaning:
an area in central London which contains the  Inner Temple and the  Middle Temple, two parts of the  Inns of Court. Many lawyers and  barristers work there.//\n Shirley   (1928- ) a US child actress who was very popular during the 1930s. She sang and danced and had  blonde curly hair. Her films include  Little Miss Marker (1934) and  Heidi (1937). As an adult she became Shirley Temple Black, and worked as an  ambassador for the US government.//


Words: temple
Meaning:
n [C]   [Sense: 1; Date: 800-900; Language: Latin; Origin: templum]//  [Sense: 2; Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Vulgar Latin tempula, from  Latin tempora (plural)]//\n  1 a building where people go to worship, in the Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh, and Mormon religions:\n  2 [usually plural] one of the two fairly flat areas on each side of your forehead:


Words: tempo
Meaning:
n   plural  tempos  [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Italian; Origin: ’time’, from  Latin tempus]//\n  1 the speed at which music is played or should be played:\n  2 the speed at which something happens:  --the easy tempo of island life//


Words: temporal
Meaning:
adj  formal   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: temporalis, from  tempus  ’time’]//\n  1 related to or limited by time:  --the temporal character of human existence//\n  2 related to practical instead of religious affairs:  --Edgar ruled over the Church as well as his temporal kingdom.//


Words: temporary
Meaning:
W3S2   adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: temporarius, from  tempus  ’time’]//\n  1 continuing for only a limited period of time:  → permanent//  --temporary pain relief//  --I’m living with my parents, but it’s only temporary.//  --You might want to consider temporary work until you decide what you want to do.//  --She was employed on a temporary basis .//\n  2 intended to be used for only a limited period of time:  → permanent//  -- temporary accommodation //  --The bridge was erected as a temporary measure .//  -- temporarily/temp[hA368]r[hA353]r[hA369]li $ temp[hA353]rer[hA369]li/ adv //  --Due to a small fire, the office will be closed temporarily.//


Words: tempt
Meaning:
S3   v [T]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: tempter,  tenter, from  Latin temptare,  tentare  ’to feel, try, tempt’]//\n  1 to try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem attractive:  tempt sb into doing sth//  --The new program is designed to tempt young people into studying engineering.//  tempt sb to do sth//  --It would take a lot of money to tempt me to quit this job.//\n  2 to make someone want to have or do something, even though they know they really should not:  --If you leave valuables in your car it will tempt thieves.//  be tempted to do sth//  --I’m tempted to buy that dress.//\n  3  tempt fate:   also  tempt providence BrE //  a) to do something that involves unnecessary risk and may cause serious problems//  --Fire officials said developers are tempting fate by building deep into the scenic canyons.//  b) to say too confidently that something will have a good result, that there will be no problems etc, when it is likely there will be problems//


Words: temptation
Meaning:
n [U and C] \n  1 a strong desire to have or do something even though you know you should not:  temptation to do sth//  --There might be a temptation to cheat if students sit too close together.//  -- Resist the temptation to buy the item until you’re certain you need it.//  --I finally gave in to the temptation and had a cigarette.//\n  2 something that makes you want to have or do something, even though you know you should not:  --Selling alcohol at truck stops is an unnecessary temptation for drivers.//


Words: Temptations
Meaning:
The   a US male popular music group which made many successful records from the mid-1960s to the 1990s, including I’m Gonna Make You Love Me (1969) and Just My Imagination (1971).//


Words: tempting
Meaning:
adj   something that is tempting seems very good and you would like to have it or do it//  --a tempting job offer//  --That pie looks tempting.//  be tempting to do sth//  --It’s tempting to believe her story.//


Words: tempura
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Japanese; Origin: tenpura]//  a type of Japanese food that consists of fish or vegetables fried in batter//


Words: ten
Meaning:
number, n   [Language: Old English; Origin: tien]//\n  1 the number 10:  --Snow had been falling steadily for ten days.//  --I need to be home by ten (=ten o’clock) .//  --At the time, she was about ten (=ten years old) .//\n  2  ten to one:   informal used to say that something is very likely//  --Ten to one he’ll have forgotten all about it tomorrow.//\n  3  be ten a penny:   BrE  informal to be very common and therefore not special or unusual//    be a dime a dozen at dime(2)//\n  4  (get) ten out of ten (for sth):   BrE used in schools to give a perfect mark, or humorously to praise someone//  --You get ten out of ten for effort, Simon.//\n  5 [C] a piece of paper money that is worth ten dollars or ten pounds:  --I reached inside my purse and handed him a ten.//


Words: Ten Commandments
Meaning:
the   according to the Old Testament of the Bible, the set of rules that God gave to  Moses on Mount Sinai, in order to tell people how they should behave. They are supposed to have been written on two stone  tablets (=flat pieces of stone)  and they appear in the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic religions. The ten rules include ’Thou shalt not kill’ and ’Thou shalt not steal’.//


Words: Ten Days that Shook the World
Meaning:
(1919) a book by the US  journalist John Reed about the  Russian Revolution of 1917. Reed was himself in St Petersburg during the Revolution, and actively supported it.//


Words: Ten Green Bottles
Meaning:
a song about ten green bottles hanging on a wall and becoming fewer and fewer as they fall off the wall//


Words: tenable
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: tenir;   TENANT]//  a belief, argument etc that is tenable is reasonable and can be defended successfully//  --an idea which is no longer tenable//


Words: tenacious
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: tenax, from  tenere  ’to hold’]//\n  1 determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difficult:  --a tenacious negotiator//\n  2 tenacious beliefs, ideas etc continue to have a lot of influence for a long time:  --a tenacious religious tradition that is still practised in Shinto temples//  -- tenaciously adv //  -- tenacity/t[hA369]n[zB024]s[hA369]ti/ n  [U] //


Words: tenancy
Meaning:
n   plural  tenancies  formal //\n  1 [C] the period of time that someone rents a house, land etc:    tenant//  --a six-month tenancy//  --a tenancy agreement//\n  2 [U and C] the right to use a house, land etc that is rented:


Words: tenant
Meaning:
W2S3   n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: , present participle of  tenir  ’to hold’, from  Latin tenere;   TENACIOUS]//  someone who lives in a house, room etc and pays rent to the person who owns it//    landlord//  --The desk was left by the previous tenant.//


Words: tend
Meaning:
v   [Sense: 1, 3, 5; Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tendre  ’to stretch’, from  Latin tendere]//  [Sense: 2, 4; Date: 1100-1200; Origin: attend]//\n  1  tend to do sth:  if something tends to happen, it happens often and is likely to happen again//  --People tend to need less sleep as they get older.//  --My car tends to overheat in the summer.//\n  2  also tend to sb/sth :   [T]  old-fashioned to look after someone or something//  --Sofia was in the bedroom tending to her son.//\n  3  tend towards sth:  to have one particular quality or feature more than others//  --Charles tends towards obesity.//\n  4  tend bar:   especially AmE to work as a bartender//\n  5 [I always + adverb/preposition]  formal to move or develop in a particular direction:  tend upwards/downwards//  --Interest rates are tending upwards.//


Words: tendency
Meaning:
W3S3   n   plural  tendencies  [C] //  [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: tendentia, from  Latin tendere;   TEND]//\n  1 if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing, they are likely to do or become it:  a tendency to do sth//  --Greg’s tendency to be critical made him unpopular with his co-workers.//  --The drug is effective but has a tendency to cause headaches.//  tendency to/towards//  --Some people may inherit a tendency to alcoholism.//  tendency for//  --Researchers believe that the tendency for diabetes is present at birth.//\n  2 a general change or development in a particular direction:  there is a tendency (for sb) to do sth//  --There is an increasing tendency for women to have children later in life.//  tendency to/towards//  --a general tendency towards conservation and recycling//  tendency among//  --a tendency among Americans to get married at a later age//\n  3  aggressive/suicidal/criminal/artistic etc tendencies:  a part of someone’s character that makes them likely to behave in a certain way or become an artist, criminal etc//  --children with aggressive or anti-social tendencies//\n  4 [also + plural verb British English] a group within a larger political group that supports ideas that are usually more extreme than those of the main group:  --the growing fascist tendency//


Words: tendentious
Meaning:
adj  formal   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: tendency]//  a tendentious speech, remark, book etc expresses a strong opinion that is intended to influence people//


Words: tender
Meaning:
adj   ----------//\n   1 food:\n   2 part of your body:\n   3 gentle:\n   4 easily damaged:\n   5 tender loving care:\n   6 tender age:  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: tendre, from  Latin tener  ’soft, young’]//\n  1 FOOD:  tender food is easy to cut and eat, especially because it has been well cooked//  → tough//  --Continue cooking until the meat is tender.//\n  2 PART OF YOUR BODY:  a part of your body that is tender is painful if someone touches it//  --My arm is still tender where I bruised it.//\n  3 GENTLE:  gentle and careful in a way that shows love//  --Her voice was tender and soft.//  --a slow, tender kiss//\n  4 EASILY DAMAGED:  easily damaged - used especially about plants or flowers//  --tender plants that were killed by the harsh winter//\n  5  tender loving care:   usually spoken sympathetic treatment and a lot of attention//   TLC//\n  6  tender age:  the time when you are young or do not have much experience//  at the tender age of sth//  --Nicholas was sent to boarding school at the tender age of seven.//  -- tenderly adv //  -- tenderness n  [U] //\ntender 2 v   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: tendre  ’to hold out, offer’, from  Latin tendere;   TEND]//\n  1 [T]  formal to formally offer or show something to someone:  --As company secretary, you must tender the proposal.//  tender sth to sb//  --The seller has the right to keep the goods until payment is tendered to him.//  --Minton tendered her resignation on Friday.//\n  2 [I]  BrE to make a formal offer to do a job or provide goods or services for a particular price:  American Equivalent:  bid//  tender for//  --We are unable to tender competitively for the contract.//\ntender 3 n [C]   [Sense: 1; Date: 1500-1600; Origin: tender]//  [Sense: 2-3; Date: 1400-1500; Origin:  TEND]//  [Sense: 2-3; Origin:]//\n  1  especially BrE a formal statement of the price you would charge for doing a job or providing goods or services:  American Equivalent:  bid//  --Our bid was the lowest tender.//  put sth out to tender  BrE  (=to ask different companies to say how much they will charge for doing a particular job) //  --The contract for building the houses will be put out to tender.//\n  2 a small boat that takes people or supplies between the shore and a larger boat:\n  3 part of a steam train used for carrying coal and water for the train:    bartender,  legal tender//


Words: tenderize
Meaning:
also  tenderise BrE   v [T]   to make meat softer and easier to eat by preparing it in a special way//


Words: tenderizer
Meaning:
also  tenderiser BrE   n [U and C]   a substance that is put onto raw meat to make it softer and easier to eat after it has been cooked//


Words: tendon
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: tendo, from  Latin tendere;   TEND]//  a thick strong string-like part of your body that connects a muscle to a bone//


Words: tendril
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin:  Perhaps from  Old French tendron, from  tendon  ’tendon, tendril’, from  Medieval Latin tendo;   TENDON]//\n  1 a thin leafless curling stem by which a climbing plant fastens itself to a support:\n  2  literary a thin curling piece of hair:


Words: tenement
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: ’tenure’, from  Medieval Latin tenementum, from  Latin tenere;   TENOR]//  a large building divided into apartments, especially in the poorer areas of a city//  tenement building/house/block //


Words: tenet
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: ’he or she holds’, from  tenere;   TENOR]//  a principle or belief, especially one that is part of a larger system of beliefs//  central/basic/fundamental etc tenet //  --one of the basic tenets of democracy//  tenet of//  --the main tenet of his philosophy//


Words: tenfold
Meaning:
adj, adv   ten times as much or as many of something//  --Business has increased tenfold in the past two years.//


Words: Tennessee
Meaning:
TN a state in the southeast of the US, whose cities include Memphis, Nashville, Chattanooga, and Knoxville. Tennessee is both an industrial and farming centre, with coal mines, chemical industries, and crops such as cotton and tobacco.//


Words: Tenniel
Meaning:
Sir John   (1820-1914) a British artist who drew the original pictures for the books ’Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland’ and ’Through the Looking-Glass.’ He also drew cartoons (=funny drawings)  for the magazine ’Punch’ for many years.//


Words: tennis
Meaning:
W3S3   n [U]   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  Probably from  Anglo-French tenetz!  ’take!, receive!’ (as called out by the player first hitting the ball in tennis), from  tenir;   TENANT]//  a game for two people or two pairs of people who use rackets to hit a small soft ball backwards and forwards over a net//


Words: Tennyson
Meaning:
Alfred   (1809-92) often called by his title, Alfred, Lord Tennyson; an English poet who was made  poet laureate (=the queen’s official poet) . His works include  In Memoriam, a poem written for a friend of his who died, but he is best known for his narrative poems (=poems that tell a story) , such as  Charge of the Light Brigade and  The Lady of Shalott.//


Words: tenon
Meaning:
n [C]  technical   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: tenir;   TENANT]//  an end of a piece of wood, that has been cut to fit exactly into a mortise in order to form a strong joint//


Words: tenor
Meaning:
n   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin,  ’uninterrupted course’, from  tenere  ’to hold’]//\n  1 [C] a male singing voice that can reach the range of notes below the lowest woman’s voice, or a man with a voice like this:\n  2 [singular, U] the part of a musical work that is written for a tenor voice:    alto, baritone, bass, soprano//  --Arthur Davies sings the tenor solo.//\n  3  the tenor of sth:   formal //  a) the general way in which an event or process takes place//   tone//  --Many voters admitted being disturbed by the tenor of the election campaign.//  b) the general meaning of something written or spoken, or the general attitude expressed in it//   tone//  --the general tenor of her speech//\ntenor 2 adj   a tenor voice or instrument has a range of notes that is lower than an alto voice or instrument//  --a tenor saxophone//


Words: tenpin bowling
Meaning:
n [U]  BrE   an indoor sport in which you roll a heavy ball along a floor to knock down bottle-shaped wooden objects//  American Equivalent:  bowling//


Words: tense
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: ’stretched’, from the past participle of  tendere;   TEND]//\n  1 a situation in which you feel very anxious and worried because of something bad that might happen:    tension//  tense situation/atmosphere/moment etc //  --Marion spoke, eager to break the tense silence.//\n  2 feeling worried, uncomfortable, and unable to relax:  --Is anything wrong? You look a little tense.//\n  3 unable to relax your body or part of your body because your muscles feel tight:    tension//  --Massage is great if your neck and back are tense.//  --She tried to relax her tense muscles.//  -- tensely adv //  -- tenseness n  [U] //\ntense 2 v [I and T]    also tense up //  to make your muscles tight and stiff, or to become tight and stiff//  --Relax, and try not to tense up so much.//  --Every time the phone rang, she tensed.//\ntense 3 n [U and C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: tens  ’time, tense’, from  Latin tempus  ’time’]//  any of the forms of a verb that show the time, continuance, or completion of an action or state that is expressed by the verb. ’I am’ is in the present tense, ’I was’ is past tense, and ’I will be’ is future tense//


Words: tensed up
Meaning:
adj [not before noun]  informal   feeling so nervous or worried that you cannot relax//  --Brian got so tensed up he could hardly speak.//


Words: tensile strength
Meaning:
n [U]  technical   the ability of steel or concrete etc to bear pressure or weight without breaking//


Words: tension
Meaning:
W2S3   n   ----------//\n   1 nervous feeling:\n   2 no trust:\n   3 different influences:\n   4 tightness:\n   5 force:  ----------//  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: Latin tensio, from  tendere;   TEND]//\n  1 NERVOUS FEELING:   [U] a nervous worried feeling that makes it impossible for you to relax//    tense//  --The tension was becoming unbearable, and I wanted to scream.//  reduce/relieve/ease etc tension //  --Exercise is the ideal way to relieve tension after a hard day.//\n  2 NO TRUST:   [C usually plural, U] the feeling that exists when people or countries do not trust each other and may suddenly attack each other or start arguing//  political/racial/social etc tension //  --In those days, there was a great deal of racial tension on campus.//  tension between//  --The obvious tension between Warren and Anne made everyone else uncomfortable.//\n  3 DIFFERENT INFLUENCES:   [U and C] if there is tension between two things, there is a difference between the needs or influences of each, and that causes problems//  tension between//  --In business, there’s always a tension between the needs of customers and shareholders.//\n  4 TIGHTNESS:   [U] tightness or stiffness in a wire, rope, muscle etc//  --Tension in the neck muscles can cause headaches.//  -- Muscle tension can be a sign of stress.//\n  5 FORCE:   [U] the amount of force that stretches something//  --This wire will take 50 pounds tension.//  tension on//  --There was a lot of tension on the wire before it snapped.//


Words: tent
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: tente, from  Latin tenta, from the past participle of  tendere;   TEND]//  a shelter consisting of a sheet of cloth supported by poles and ropes, used especially for camping//  --We looked for a flat spot where we could pitch our tent  (=put up our tent) .//    oxygen tent//


Words: tentacle
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: tentaculum, from  Latin  tentare;   TEMPT]//\n  1 one of the long thin parts of a sea creature such as an octopus which it uses for holding things:\n  2  tentacles [plural] the influence or effect that something has on other people or things - used to show disapproval:  --The company’s tentacles spread from car manufacturing to railways.//


Words: tentative
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: tentativus, from  Latin  tentare;   TEMPT]//\n  1 not definite or certain, and may be changed later:   provisional//  → definite//  --I passed on my tentative conclusions to the police.//  --The government is taking tentative steps towards tackling the country’s economic problems.//\n  2 done without confidence:   hesitant//  --a tentative smile//  -- tentatively adv //  --Albi knocked tentatively and entered.//  -- tentativeness n  [U] //


Words: tenterhooks
Meaning:
n  especially BrE   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: tenterhook  ’sharp nail for fastening cloth on a tenter’ (15-20 centuries), from  tenter  ’frame for drying and stretching cloth’ (13-20 centuries) (from  Medieval Latin tentura, from  Latin tendere;   TEND) +  hook]//  be on tenterhooks//  to feel nervous and excited because you are waiting to find out something or for something to happen//  --She had been on tenterhooks all night, expecting Joe to return at any moment.//


Words: tenth
Meaning:
adj   coming after nine other things in a series//  --in the tenth century//  --her tenth birthday//  -- tenth pron //  --I’m planning to leave on the tenth  (=the tenth day of the month) .//\ntenth 2 n [C]   one of ten equal parts of something//


Words: tenuous
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: tenuis  ’thin, tenuous’]//\n  1 a situation or relationship that is tenuous is uncertain, weak, or likely to change:  --For now, the band’s travel plans are tenuous.//  tenuous link/connection etc //  --The United Peace Alliance had only a tenuous connection with the organized Labour movement.//  --The link between her family and the King’s is rather tenuous.//\n  2  literary very thin and easily broken:  -- tenuously adv //


Words: tenure
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: Medieval Latin tenitura, from  Latin tenere;   TENOR]//\n  1 the right to stay permanently in a teaching job:  --It’s becoming increasingly difficult to acquire academic tenure .//\n  2  formal the period of time when someone has an important job:  --The company has doubled in value during his tenure.//\n  3  law the legal right to live in a house or use a piece of land for a period of time:  -- tenured adj //  --a tenured professor//  --a tenured position//


Words: Tenzing
Meaning:
Norgay   (1914-86) a Nepalese  sherpa (=a mountain climber employed to guide other climbers) who is often called Sherpa Tenzing. He and Sir Edmund  Hillary were the first people to reach the top of Mount  Everest, in 1953.//


Words: tepee
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Dakota Sioux; Origin: tipi, from  ti  ’to live in a place’ +  pi  ’to use for’]//  a round tent with a pointed top, used by some Native Americans//


Words: tepid
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: tepidus, from  tepere  ’to be warm’]//\n  1 a feeling, reaction etc that is tepid shows a lack of excitement or interest:   lukewarm//  --a tepid response from the audience//\n  2 tepid liquid is slightly warm, especially in a way that seems unpleasant:   lukewarm//  --tepid coffee//


Words: tequila
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Spanish; Origin: Tequila area of Mexico]//  a strong alcoholic drink made in Mexico//


Words: terabyte
Meaning:
n [C]  written abbreviation TB  or Tb   [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Greek; Origin: teras  ’large creature, monster’ +  English byte]//  a unit for measuring computer information, equal to 1,024 gigabytes, and used less exactly to mean one trillion bytes//


Words: teraflop
Meaning:
n [C usually plural]   a unit that measures how fast a computer works. One teraflop is one trillion operations every second//


Words: tercentenary
Meaning:
n   plural  tercentenaries  [C]  BrE //  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Latin; Origin: ter  ’three times’ +  English centenary]//  the day or year exactly 300 years after a particular event//


Words: Terkel
Meaning:
Studs   (1912- ) a US writer and radio broadcaster whose books, including  Working and  The Good War, are based on the experiences and memories of ordinary American people//


Words: term
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 in terms of something:\n   2 in general/practical/financial etc terms:\n   3 word:\n   4 period of time:\n   5 school/university:\n   6 end:\n   7 come to terms with something:\n   8 conditions:\n   9 relationship:\n  10 terms of reference:\n  11 number/sign:  ----------//  [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: terme  ’edge, limit, end’, from  Latin terminus]//\n  1  in terms of sth:  if you explain or describe something in terms of a particular fact or event, you are explaining or describing it only in relation to that fact or event//  describe/measure/evaluate etc sth in terms of sth //  --Femininity is still defined in terms of beauty.//  --It’s a mistake to think of Florida only in terms of its tourist attractions.//  --It’s too early to start talking in terms of casualties.//  in terms of what/how/who etc//  --Did the experiment find any differences in terms of what children learned?//\n  2  in general/practical/financial etc terms:  used to show that you are describing or considering a subject in a particular way or from a particular point of view//  in general/broad/simple etc terms //  --We explain in simple terms what the treatment involves.//  --It would be wrong to describe society purely in economic terms .//  --The war, although successful in military terms , left the economy in ruins.//  --What do these statistics mean in human terms ?//  in sb’s terms//  --In our terms, the scheme has not been a success.//  in real/absolute terms (=accurate, true, or including any related changes) //  --Rail fares have fallen 17 per cent in real terms.//  in relative terms (=compared with other, similar things) //  --Students have less money in relative terms, but spend more on books.//\n  3 WORD:   [C] a word or expression with a particular meaning, especially one that is used for a specific subject or type of language//  term for//  --’Multimedia’ is the term for any technique combining sounds and images.//  legal/medical/technical term //  --Many legal terms have more than one meaning.//  --photographs, or to use the technical term , ’half-tones’//  --It was he who coined  (=invented)  the term ’anorexia’.//  term of abuse/endearment/respect etc (=rude, loving, respectful etc language) //  --The word ’communist’ had become a term of abuse.//  in strong/glowing/forthright etc terms (=showing a strong etc emotion or attitude) //  --I complained to the manager in the strongest possible terms .//  --His reply was couched in sinister terms .//  in no uncertain terms (=language that is very clear and angry) //  --Journalists were told, in no uncertain terms , that they were not welcome.//    a contradiction in terms at contradiction(3)//\n  4 PERIOD OF TIME:   [C] a fixed period of time during which someone does something or something happens//  term in office (=the time someone spends doing an important job in government) //  --It was always clear that Schmidt’s third term in office would prove a difficult one.//  term of//  --the maximum term of imprisonment//  --The lease runs for a term of 99 years.//  prison/jail term //  --The men each received a 30-year prison term.//  fixed/long/short term //  --a fixed-term contract//  -- In the long term , alcohol causes high blood pressure.//  --Dad loaned us his car for the short term.//\n  5 SCHOOL/UNIVERSITY:   [U and C]  BrE one of the three periods of time that the school or university year is divided into//    half-term//  summer/autumn/spring term //  --The exams are at the end of the summer term.//  --Teachers often feel overworked in term time  (=during the term) .//  first/last day of term //  --that all-important first day of term//\n  6 END:   [singular, U]  technical the end of a particular period of time//    long-term, short-term//  --The agreement reaches its term next year.//  --a child born two months before full term  (=of pregnancy) //  --The arrangement had outlived its natural term  (=the length of time it was expected to exist) .//\n  7  come to terms with sth:  to accept an unpleasant or sad situation and no longer feel upset or angry about it//  --George and Elizabeth have come to terms with the fact that they will never have children.//  --Counselling helped her come to terms with her grief.//\n  8 CONDITIONS:   terms [plural] //  a) the conditions that are set for an agreement, contract, arrangement etc//  -- Under the terms of the agreement, the debt would be repaid over 20 years.//  --your terms and conditions of employment//  --Delivery is within the terms of this contract.//  equal/unequal/the same etc terms (=conditions that are equal, unequal etc) //  --Small businesses have to compete on equal terms with large organisations.//  --Men and women should be able to work on level terms .//  on sb’s (own) terms (=according to the conditions that someone wants) //  --He wanted our relationship to be only on his terms.//  b) the arrangements for payment that you agree to when you buy or sell something//  reasonable/favourable/cheaper etc terms //  --Some insurance companies offer very reasonable terms.//  --This allowed tenant farmers to buy land on easy terms  (=by paying small sums of money over a long period) .//\n  9 RELATIONSHIP:   terms [plural] if you are on good, bad etc terms with someone, you have a good, bad etc relationship with them//  be on good/bad/friendly etc terms (with sb) //  --By now, Usha and I were on familiar terms .//  --He is barely on speaking terms with his father (=they are angry and almost never speak to each other) .//  --We were soon on first-name terms  (=using each other’s first names, as a sign of friendship) .//\n  10  terms of reference:   formal the subjects that a person or group of people agree to consider//  --the committee’s terms of reference//\n  11 NUMBER/SIGN:   [C]  technical one of the numbers or signs used in a mathematical calculation//  ----------//  HINT sense 5 //  At a British school or university, the year is divided into three terms . At an American univeristy, there are two semesters or three trimesters . //  ----------//\nterm 2 v [T usually passive]   to use a particular word or expression to name or describe something//  --This condition is sometimes termed RSI, or repetitive strain injury.//  --Roosevelt termed himself and his policies ’liberal’.//  --These developments are loosely termed ’advanced manufacturing techniques’.//


Words: term limit
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE   a particular number of years that the law allows someone to stay in a particular political position//


Words: term paper
Meaning:
n [C]  AmE   a long piece of written work done by college students in the US, that is the most important piece of work in their course//


Words: terminal
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: terminalis, from  terminus;   TERM1]//\n  1 a terminal illness cannot be cured, and causes death:  --terminal cancer//\n  2  (in) terminal decline:   BrE in a state of becoming worse and worse and never getting better//  --The once great industry is now in terminal decline.//  -- terminally adv //  --terminally ill patients//\nterminal 2 n [C] \n  1 a big building where people wait to get onto planes, buses, or ships, or where goods are loaded:  --the airport’s passenger terminal//  ferry/bus terminal //\n  2 a piece of computer equipment consisting of at least a keyboard and a screen, that you use for putting in or taking out information from a large computer:\n  3 one of the points at which you can connect wires in an electrical circuit:  positive/negative terminal //


Words: terminate
Meaning:
v   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of  terminare, from  terminus;   TERM1]//\n  1 [I and T]  formal if something terminates, or if you terminate it, it ends:   end//  --The court ruled that the contract must be terminated.//  --a woman’s decision on whether or not to terminate the pregnancy//\n  2 [I] if a train, bus, or ship terminates at a particular place, its journey ends there:  --The train from Paris terminates at Waterloo.//


Words: termination
Meaning:
n \n  1 [C]  formal the act of ending something, or the end of something:  termination of//  --You may face a reduction or termination of benefits.//\n  2 [U and C]  technical a medical operation to end the life of a developing child before it is born:   abortion//


Words: Terminator
Meaning:
The   (1984) a violent US film, in which Arnold  Schwarzenegger appears as an  android (=a machine that looks exactly like a person)  who is sent back from the future to kill a woman before she can give birth to a child who will become a great leader in the future. In a second film,  Terminator II (1991), Schwarzenegger appears as another android, but this time he is a good character who wants to help the humans.//


Words: terminology
Meaning:
n   plural  terminologies  [U and C] //  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: terminus  ’word, term’ (from  Latin;   TERM1) +  English -ology]//  the technical words or expressions that are used in a particular subject//  --computer terminology//  -- terminological/t[hA362][hA359]m[hA369]n[hA353]l[hA361]d[hA360][hA366]k[hA368]l[hA36B] $ t[hA362][hA359]m[hA369]n[hA353]l[hA35A][hA359]-/ adj //


Words: terminus
Meaning:
n   plural  termini /-na[hA366]/ [C] //  [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Latin; Origin:  TERM1]//  the station or stop at the end of a railway or bus line//


Words: termite
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: termes, from  Latin tarmes  ’wood-eating worm’]//  an insect that eats and destroys wood from trees and buildings//


Words: termly
Meaning:
adj  BrE   happening each term (=one of the three periods in the school or university year) //  --Students can pay fees in termly instalments.//


Words: tern
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin:  From a  Scandinavian language]//  a black and white sea bird that has long wings and a tail with two points//


Words: terra firma
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: ’firm land’]//  land, rather than sea or air - used humorously//  --We were glad to be back on terra firma.//


Words: terrace
Meaning:
n [C]   ----------//\n   1 houses:\n   2 place you can sit:\n   3 football:\n   4 flat land:  ----------//  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: ’pile of earth, terrace’, from  Old Proven[hA168]al terrassa, from  Latin terra  ’earth, land’]//\n  1 HOUSES:   BrE a row of houses that are joined to each other, or a street with one of these rows in it//\n  2 PLACE YOU CAN SIT:  a flat outdoor area next to a building or on a roof, where you can sit outside to eat, relax etc//\n  3 FOOTBALL:   the terraces [plural]  BrE the wide steps that the people watching a football match can stand on//\n  4 FLAT LAND:  one of a series of flat areas cut out of a hill like steps, and used to grow crops//  -- terracing n  [U] //  --football terracing//


Words: terraced
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]   a terraced field, slope, garden etc has been cut into a series of flat areas along the side of the slope//  --terraced rice fields//


Words: terraced house
Meaning:
n [C]  BrE   a house which is part of a row of houses that are joined together//  American Equivalent:  row house//


Words: terracotta
Meaning:
terra cotta/ter[hA353]k[hA361]t[hA353][hA36B] $ -k[hA35A][hA359]-/ n [U]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Italian; Origin: ’baked earth’]//\n  1 hard reddish-brown baked clay:  --a terracotta pot//\n  2 a brownish red colour:  -- terracotta adj //


Words: terrain
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: ’land, ground’, from  Latin terrenum, from  terra;   TERRACE]//  a particular type of land//  --rocky terrain//


Words: terrapin
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Origin:  From an  Algonquian language]//  a small turtle that lives in water in warm areas//


Words: terrarium
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Latin terra (  TERRACE) +  -arium (as in  aquarium)]//  a large glass container that you grow plants in as a decoration//


Words: Terrence Higgins Trust
Meaning:
the   a British  charity organization which was started in 1983 and gives help and advice to people suffering from or worried about AIDS and HIV infection//


Words: terrestrial
Meaning:
adj [usually before noun]  technical   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: terrestris, from  terra;   TERRACE]//\n  1 relating to the Earth rather than to the moon or other planets:    extraterrestrial2 //\n  2 living on or relating to land rather than water:\n  3  terrestrial TV/broadcasting/channels etc:   BrE TV etc that is broadcast from the Earth rather than from a satellite//


Words: terrible
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin terribilis, from  terrere  ’to frighten’]//\n  1 extremely severe in a way that causes harm or damage:   horrible, awful//  --Their son had been injured in a terrible accident.//  --We’re worried that something terrible might have happened to Greg.//  --a terrible storm//\n  2  informal extremely bad:   horrible, awful//  --The hotel was absolutely terrible.//  --I’d better write this down; I have a terrible memory.//\n  3 making you feel afraid or shocked:  --There was a terrible noise and the roof caved in.//  --She wept when she heard the terrible news.//\n  4 to a very great degree:  --You’re making a terrible mistake.//


Words: terribly
Meaning:
S2   adv \n  1 [+ adjective/adverb]  especially BrE very:   extremely//  --I’m terribly sorry to have kept you waiting.//  --The coach was not terribly worried about his team’s poor performance.//\n  2 very badly:   severely//  --The little boy missed his mother terribly.//


Words: terrier
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: French; Origin: (chien) terrier  ’earth dog, terrier’, from  terrier  ’of earth’, from  Medieval Latin terrarius, from  Latin terra (  TERRACE); because it hunts by digging into animals’ holes]//  a small active type of dog that was originally used for hunting//


Words: terrific
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: terrificus  ’frightening’, from  terrere;   TERRIBLE]//\n  1  informal very good, especially in a way that makes you feel happy and excited:   great//  --That’s a terrific idea!//  --The actress who played the lawyer was terrific.//\n  2 very large in size or degree:  --a terrific bang//  --He drank a terrific amount of beer.//


Words: terrifically
Meaning:
adverb]   very//   extremely//  --She had been so terrifically busy that she barely had time to sleep.//


Words: terrified
Meaning:
adj   very frightened//  --a terrified little girl//  terrified of//  --Sid is terrified of heights.//  --She was terrified of being caught.//  terrified (that)//  --We were terrified that the bridge would collapse.//  terrified at//  --He was terrified at the thought of being stranded in the woods.//  terrified to do sth//  --He was terrified to stay home alone.//


Words: terrify
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  terrified present participle  terrifying third person singular  terrifies  [T] //  [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: terrificare, from  terrificus;   TERRIFIC]//  to make someone extremely afraid//  --Her husband’s violence terrified her.//


Words: terrifying
Meaning:
adj   extremely frightening//  terrifying experience/ordeal //  --It was 30 years before he told anyone of his terrifying experience.//  --terrifying screams//  -- It was absolutely terrifying .//  -- terrifyingly adv //


Words: terrine
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: terrin  ’of earth’, from  Latin terra (  TERRACE); because the dish is made of clay]//  a food made of cooked meat, fish, or fruit formed into a loaf shape and served cold, or the dish this is served in//


Words: territorial
Meaning:
adj \n  1 related to land that is owned or controlled by a particular country:  --a territorial dispute//  --territorial claims//\n  2 animals or people that are territorial are careful to guard the area of land that they consider to be their own, and prevent others from using it:


Words: Territorial Army
Meaning:
n   the Territorial Army//  a military force of people in Britain who train as soldiers in their free time//   ta//    National Guard//


Words: territory
Meaning:
W2   n   plural  territories //  ----------//\n   1 government/military:\n   2 type of land:\n   3 animal:\n   4 new or familiar experience:\n   5 business:\n   6 come/go with the territory:\n   7 land that is not a state:  ----------//  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: territorium  ’land around a town’, from  terra;   TERRACE]//\n  1 GOVERNMENT/MILITARY:   [U and C] land that is owned or controlled by a particular country, ruler, or military force//  --Hong Kong became Chinese territory in 1997.//  occupied/enemy/disputed/hostile territory //  --The plane was flying over enemy territory.//\n  2 TYPE OF LAND:   [U] land of a particular type//  uncharted/unexplored territory //  --an expedition through previously unexplored territory//\n  3 ANIMAL:   [U and C] the area that an animal, bird etc regards as its own and will defend against other animals//  --A tiger has a large territory to defend.//  --A dog uses urine to mark its territory .//\n  4 NEW OR FAMILIAR EXPERIENCE:   [U] a particular area of experience or knowledge//  new/unfamiliar/uncharted territory //  --The company is moving into unfamiliar territory with this new software.//  --Actor Patrick Bergin returns to more familiar territory to play a menacing killer.//\n  5 BUSINESS:   [U and C] an area in a town, country etc that someone is responsible for as part of their job, especially someone whose job is to sell products//  --a sales territory//\n  6  come/go with the territory:  to be a natural and accepted part of a particular job, situation, place etc//  --I’m a cop - getting shot at goes with the territory.//\n  7 LAND THAT IS NOT A STATE:   [C] land that belongs to the United States, Canada etc but that is not a state//  --the US territory of Guam//


Words: terror
Meaning:
n   ----------//\n   1 fear:\n   2 frightening situation:\n   3 violent action:\n   4 person:  ----------//  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: terreur, from  Latin terror, from  terrere;   TERRIBLE]//\n  1 FEAR:   [U] a feeling of extreme fear//  in terror//  --People fled in terror as fire tore through the building.//  --Shots rang out, and I screamed in terror .//  --We lived in terror of our father when he was drinking.//  --There was a look of sheer terror  (=complete terror) on his face.//  strike terror into sb/sb’s heart //  --The sound of enemy planes struck terror into our hearts.//\n  2 FRIGHTENING SITUATION:   [C] an event or situation that makes people feel extremely frightened, especially because they think they may die//  terror of//  --the terrors of war//  --Death holds no terrors for  (=does not frighten) me.//\n  3 VIOLENT ACTION:   [U] violent action for political purposes//   terrorism//  --The resistance movement started a campaign of terror .//  --The Red Army Faction tried to undermine the state by terror tactics .//  --Pol Pot’s reign of terror in Cambodia//\n  4 PERSON:   [C]  informal a child who is difficult to control//  --That Johnson kid’s a real little terror!//    reign of terror at reign1 (4)//    a holy terror at holy(4)//


Words: terrorism
Meaning:
n [U]   the use of violence such as bombing, shooting, or kidnapping to obtain political demands such as making a government do something//  --The government is doing everything possible to combat terrorism .//  --a despicable act of terrorism //  --their involvement in international terrorism //


Words: terrorist
Meaning:
n [C]   someone who uses violence such as bombing, shooting etc to obtain political demands//  --We refuse to talk to terrorists.//  terrorist attack/activity/offence //  --Twenty people were killed in the latest terrorist attack.//  terrorist group/organization //  --A terrorist bomb that left 168 people dead.//    guerrilla//


Words: terrorize
Meaning:
also  terrorise BrE   v [T]   to deliberately frighten people by threatening to harm them, especially so they will do what you want//  be terrorized into doing sth//  --Many people have been terrorized into leaving.//  --gangs who terrorize the neighbourhood//


Words: terrycloth
Meaning:
[U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: terry  ’terrycloth’ (18-21 centuries) (perhaps from  French tire, past participle of  tirer  ’to pull’) +  cloth]//  a type of thick cotton cloth with uncut threads on both sides, that can take liquid into itself, and is used to make towels//


Words: terse
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: tersus  ’clean, neat’, from  tergere  ’to wipe off’]//  a terse reply, message etc uses very few words and often shows that you are annoyed//  --Derek’s terse reply ended the conversation.//  -- tersely adv //  --’Continue!’ he said tersely.//  -- terseness n  [U] //


Words: tertiary
Meaning:
adj  technical   [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: tertiarius  ’of or containing a third’, from  tertius  ’third’]//  third in place, degree, or order//


Words: Tess of the D’Urbervilles
Meaning:
(1891) a novel by Thomas  Hardy about a young woman who is persuaded by a man from a higher social class to have sex with him. He treats her very badly and she finally kills him and is hanged for his murder.//


Words: TESSA
Meaning:
Tax-Exempt Special Savings Account a special type of account with a bank or  building society in the UK, in which you can save money and you do not have to pay tax on the  interest you earn if you leave the money there for at least 5 years//


Words: tessellated
Meaning:
adj  technical   made of small flat pieces in various shapes and colours that fit together to form a pattern//


Words: test
Meaning:
n [C]   ----------//\n   1 exam:\n   2 medical:\n   3 machine/product:\n   4 difficult situation:\n   5 put somebody/something to the test:\n   6 sport:  ----------//  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: ’pot for testing metals’, from  Latin testum  ’clay pot’]//\n  1 EXAM:  a set of questions, exercises, or practical activities to measure someone’s skill, ability, or knowledge//  spelling/driving/biology etc test //  --How did you do on your maths test?//  pass/fail a test //  --She passed her driving test when she was 17.//  take/do/sit a test //  --Applicants are required to take a written test.//  test on//  --We have a test on irregular verbs tomorrow.//  --The school’s test scores are among the highest in the district.//  --Did you get a good mark in the test ?//\n  2 MEDICAL:  a) a medical examination on a part of your body, or a substance taken from your body, to check your health or to discover what is wrong with you//  --a blood test//  --an eye test//  --a hearing test//  --a pregnancy test//  do/run a test //  --They don’t know what’s wrong with her yet - they’re doing tests.//  test for//  --a test for HIV//  --I’m still waiting for my test results from the hospital.//  b) an examination of someone’s blood, breath etc carried out by the police, to discover if they have done something illegal//  --a drugs test//  --The results of the DNA test proved that Simmons was the rapist.//  breath test (=to find out if someone has been drinking alcohol before driving a car) //  c) a piece of equipment used for carrying out a medical examination//  --a pregnancy test//\n  3 MACHINE/PRODUCT:  a process used to discover whether equipment or a product works correctly, or to discover more about it//  --nuclear weapons tests//  test for//  --a test for chemicals in the water//  -- Laboratory tests show that the new drug is very effective.//  --We went to the test site in Nevada.//\n  4 DIFFICULT SITUATION:  a difficult situation in which the qualities of someone or something are clearly shown//  --Chess player Nigel Short faces Anatoly Karpov in the toughest test of his career so far.//  test of character/strength/courage/endurance etc //  --The problems she faced were a real test of character.//\n  5  put sb/sth to the test:  to force someone or something into a difficult situation in order to discover what the limits of their strength, skills etc are//  --Living together will soon put their relationship to the test.//  --Paul soon found himself in an emergency situation that put all his training to the test.//\n  6 SPORT:   BrE a test match//    smear test,  means test,  stand the test of time at stand1 (8),  the acid test at acid2 (3)//  ----------//  HINT sense 1 //  You take or do a test. Do not say ’make a test’. To pass a test means to succeed in it, not simply to take it. //  ----------//\ntest 2 W2S3 v [T]   ----------//\n   1 medical:\n   2 substance:\n   3 knowledge/ability:\n   4 machine/product:\n   5 show how good/strong:\n   6 idea/plan:\n   7 test the water/waters:  ----------//\n  1 MEDICAL:  a) to examine someone’s blood, body etc in order to find out what is wrong with them, or to see if they have taken an illegal drug//  --I must have my eyes tested.//  test sb for sth//  --They tested her for diabetes.//  test positive/negative (for sth) //  --Athletes who test positive for steroids are immediately banned.//\n  2 SUBSTANCE:  to examine a substance or thing in order to find out its qualities or what it contains//  test (sth) for sth//  --The water should be tested for lead.//\n  3 KNOWLEDGE/ABILITY:  to ask someone spoken or written questions, or make them do a practical activity, to discover what they know about a subject//  --This task is designed to test your reading skills.//  test sb on sth//  --We’re being tested on grammar tomorrow.//\n  4 MACHINE/PRODUCT:   also test out //  to use something for a short time to see if it works in the correct way//  --The Ferrari team wanted to test their new car out on the racetrack.//  test sth on sb/sth//  --None of this range of cosmetics has been tested on animals.//\n  5 SHOW HOW GOOD/STRONG:  to show how good or strong someone or something is, especially by putting them in a difficult situation//  --a game that will test the contestants’ strength and skill//  --The next six months will test your powers of leadership.//  --I felt that she was testing me, leaving all that cash lying around.//    testing//\n  6 IDEA/PLAN:   also test out //  to start to use an idea or plan to find out if it is correct or effective//  --Dr Lee set up a series of experiments to test out this hypothesis.//  test sth against sth//  --The theory was then tested against the results of the study.//\n  7  test the water/waters:  to check people’s reaction to a plan before you decide to use it//  --The government is clearly testing the water, to gauge the country’s reactions to their proposals.//    tried and tested at tried2  see usage note  control2 //


Words: Test Act
Meaning:
the   a law made in 1673 in the UK which prevented Catholics from becoming members of Parliament or having jobs in the government. This law was ended in 1828. //


Words: test case
Meaning:
n [C]   a legal case that establishes a particular principle, that is then used as a standard which other similar cases can be judged against//


Words: test drive
Meaning:
n [C]   an occasion when you drive a car so that you can decide if you want to buy it//  -- test-drive v  [T] //


Words: test run
Meaning:
n [C]   an occasion when you try doing something or using something before you really need to use it, to make sure everything works properly//


Words: test tube
Meaning:
n [C]   a small glass container that is shaped like a tube and is used in chemistry//    laboratory//


Words: test-tube baby
Meaning:
n [C]   a baby that develops from an egg removed from a woman’s body, that is then put back inside the woman to continue developing//


Words: testament
Meaning:
n [C]  formal   [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Latin; Origin: testamentum  ’last will’, from  testari  ’to be a witness, make a will’, from  testis;   TESTIFY]//\n  1  be a testament to sth:  proving or showing very clearly that something exists or is true//  --The aircraft’s safety record is a testament to its designers’ skill.//\n  2 a will2(2):  -- testamentary/test[hA353]ment[hA368]ri[hA36B]/ adj //    New Testament,  Old Testament//


Words: tester
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a person or piece of equipment that tests something:\n  2 a small bottle of perfume1(1) etc, in a shop, for customers to try:


Words: testicle
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: testiculus  ’small testicle’, from  testis;   TESTIS]//  one of the two round organs that produce sperm in a male, that are enclosed in a bag of skin behind and below the penis//  -- testicular/te’st[hA366]kj[hA36A]l[hA353] $ -[hA353]r/ adj //


Words: testify
Meaning:
v   past tense and past participle  testified present participle  testifying third person singular  testifies //  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: testificari, from  testis  ’witness’]//\n  1 [I and T] to make a formal statement of what is true, especially in a court of law:  --Mr Molto has agreed to testify at the trial.//  testify against//  --Later, the witness who had testified against Muawad withdrew his allegation.//\n  2 [I and T]  written to show clearly that something is the case:  testify to//  --The empty shops in the high street testify to the depth of the recession.//  testify that//  --The full ashtrays testify that smoking hasn’t been stubbed out.//  --Can you testify that you saw the defendant at the scene of the crime?//\n  3 [I]  AmE to stand up and tell people about how God has helped you in your life:


Words: testimonial
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a formal written statement describing someone’s character and abilities:    reference//\n  2 something that is given or done to someone to thank or praise them, or show admiration for them:  --a testimonial dinner in honour of Senator Frank Flint//


Words: testimony
Meaning:
n   plural  testimonies  [U and C] //  [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: testimonium, from  testis;   TESTIFY]//\n  1 a formal statement saying that something is true, especially one a witness makes in a court of law:  --Barker’s testimony is crucial to the prosecution’s case.//  --In his testimony, he denied that the company had ignored safety procedures.//\n  2 a fact or situation that shows or proves very clearly that something exists or is true:  be a testimony to/of sth//  --These results are a testimony to the coach’s skill and hard work.//


Words: testing
Meaning:
adj   a testing situation, experience etc is difficult to deal with//  --It’s been a testing time .//


Words: testing ground
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 a place where machines, cars etc are tested to see if they work properly:\n  2 a situation or problem in which you can try new ideas and methods to see if they work:  --Eastern Europe has become a testing ground for high-speed privatization.//


Words: testis
Meaning:
n   plural  testes /-ti[hA359]z/ [C] //  [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Latin; Origin: , probably from  testis  ’witness’; because it proves maleness]//   technical a testicle//


Words: testosterone
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: testis +  sterol (  STEROID) +  -one]//  the hormone (=chemical produced by the body) in males that gives them their male qualities//


Words: testy
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: testif  ’determined to do what you want’, from  Old French teste  ’head’]//  impatient and easily annoyed//   irritable//  --testy remarks//  --It had been a long day, and Sarah was getting a little testy.//  -- testily adv //  -- testiness n  [U] //


Words: tetanus
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: Greek tetanos, from  tetanos  ’stretched, tight’]//  a serious illness caused by bacteria that enter your body through cuts and wounds and make your muscles, especially your jaw, go stiff//   lockjaw//


Words: tetchy
Meaning:
adj  BrE  informal   likely to get angry or upset easily//  --Jane’s a bit tetchy this morning.//  -- tetchily adv //  -- tetchiness n  [U] //


Words: tether
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old Norse; Origin: tjothr]//\n  1  be at the end of your tether:  to be so worried, tired etc that you feel you can no longer deal with a difficult or upsetting situation//\n  2 a rope or chain that an animal is tied to so that it can only move around within a limited area:\ntether 2 v [T]   to tie an animal to a post so that it can only move around within a limited area//


Words: tetra-
Meaning:
prefix   [Language: Latin; Origin: Greek]//  having four of something//  --a tetrahedron (=solid shape with four sides) //


Words: Teutonic
Meaning:
adj \n  1 having qualities that are thought to be typical of German people:  --Teutonic efficiency//\n  2 relating to the ancient German peoples of northwest Europe:  --Teutonic mythology//


Words: Tex-Mex
Meaning:
adj [only before noun]  informal   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: Texan-Mexican]//  relating to the music, cooking etc of Mexican-American people//  --a Tex-Mex restaurant//


Words: Texas
Meaning:
TX a large state in the south of the US, which has a long border with Mexico. It is an important centre of the oil and gas industries, and also of cattle and crop farming. Its cities include Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Austin, and El Paso. Before it became part of the US in 1845, Texas was briefly an independent country.//  -- Texan n  adj //


Words: Texas Rangers
Meaning:
the   a group of police officers that was originally established in the 19th century to fight against criminals in the US state of Texas. They still exist today.//


Words: text
Meaning:
W1S2   n   [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: texte, from  Latin textus  ’woven material’, from  texere  ’to weave’]//\n  1 [U] any written material:  --One disk can store the equivalent of 500 pages of text.//\n  2 [U] the writing that forms the main part of a book, magazine etc, rather than the pictures or notes:  --There should not be too much text in children’s books.//\n  3 [C] a book or other piece of writing that is connected with learning or intended for study:  --Some of the original text has survived.//  -- Literary texts , like all other works of art, have a historical context.//  --’Hamlet’ is a set text  (=one that must be studied for an examination) this year. BrE//\n  4 [C]  AmE a textbook:  --a chemistry text//\n  5  the text of sth:  the exact words of a speech, article etc//  --Only ’The Times’ printed the full text of the President’s speech.//\n  6 [C] a short piece from the Bible that someone reads and talks about during a religious service:\ntext 2 v [I and T]   to send someone a written message on a  mobile phone//  -- texting n  [U] //


Words: text message
Meaning:
n [C]   a written message that is sent or received on a mobile phone or pager//\ntext message 2  also text  v [T]   to send someone a written message on a mobile phone or pager//  --She’s always text messaging her friends.//  -- text-messaging n  [U] //


Words: textbook
Meaning:
n [C]   a book that contains information about a subject that people study, especially at school or college//  --a biology textbook//    coursebook//\ntextbook 2 adj [only before noun]   used to describe something that is done exactly as it should be done, or happens exactly as it should happen//  textbook case/example //  --The advertising campaign was a textbook example of how to sell a product.//


Words: textile
Meaning:
n [C]   [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: textilis  ’woven’, from  texere;   TEXT]//\n  1 any type of woven cloth that is made in large quantities, used especially by people in the business of making clothes etc:  --Their main exports are textiles, especially silk and cotton.//  textile industry/design/manufacture etc //  --textile design and technology//  --a textile mill//\n  2  textiles [plural] the industry involved in making cloth:


Words: textual
Meaning:
adj  formal   relating to the way that a book, magazine etc is written//  --a detailed textual analysis of the Bible//


Words: texture
Meaning:
n [U and C]   [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: textura, from  texere;   TEXT]//\n  1 the way a surface or material feels when you touch it, especially how smooth or rough it is:  smooth/silky/rough etc texture //  --the smooth texture of silk//  --a designer who experiments with different colours and textures//\n  2 the way that a particular type of food feels in your mouth:  creamy/crunchy/meaty etc texture //  --This soup has a lovely creamy texture.//\n  3  formal the way the different parts of a piece of writing, music, art etc are combined in order to produce a final effect:  --the rich texture of Shakespeare’s English//  -- textural adj //  -- texturally adv //


Words: textured
Meaning:
adj \n  1 having a surface that is not smooth:  --textured wallpaper//\n  2  smooth-textured/coarse-textured/fine-textured etc:  having a texture that is smooth etc//  --smooth-textured skin//\n  3 used to describe a work of art, literature, music etc that has many different parts that are combined to produce a final effect:  --a richly textured novel//


Words: TGWU
Meaning:
the  also T&G   the Transport and General Workers’ Union one of the largest  trade unions in the UK//


Words: Thackeray
Meaning:
William Makepeace   (1811-63) a British writer, born in India, whose best-known work is his novel  Vanity Fair//


Words: Thailand
Meaning:
a country in southeast Asia, between Malaysia and Myanmar. Population 61,798,000 (2001). Capital: Bangkok. It is a popular place for tourists to visit. Before 1949, Thailand was called Siam.//


Words: Thalidomide
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: phthalic acid type of acid  (19-21 centuries) (from  naphtha) +  imide type of chemical compound  (19-21 centuries) (from  French, from  amide)]//   trademark a drug given to people to make them calm, until it was discovered that it harmed the development of the arms and legs of unborn babies//


Words: thallium
Meaning:
n [U]   [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Greek thallos  ’new green plant part’; because it has a bright green line in its spectrum]//  a soft blue-white metal that is poisonous, used in photoelectric cells and to kill rats, mice, and insects. It is a chemical element: symbol Tl//


Words: Thames
Meaning:
1  the Thames:  the longest river in England, which flows from the west into the North Sea. In London, many well-known bridges across the Thames connect the north and south of the city, and many important buildings, including the Houses of Parliament and the Tower of London, are built next to the river.//  --She lives south of the Thames//\n  2  set the Thames on fire [usually in negatives]  BrE  old-fashioned to achieve something unusually good or interesting, which makes people notice you:  --Phil was making a living as a writer, but he hadn’t yet done anything to set the Thames on fire.//


Words: than
Meaning:
conj, prep   [Language: Old English; Origin: thanne,  th[zB024]nne]//\n  1 used when comparing two things, people, situations etc:  --Natalie was prettier than her sister.//  --You need that money more than I do.//  --There were more people there than I expected.//  --If it costs more than $60, I won’t buy it.//  --She had woken even earlier than usual.//  --Divorce is more common than it was a generation ago.//\n  2  other than:  except for a particular person or thing//  --We never go to church other than for funerals and weddings.//  --We know he lived in Fleet Road, but other than that we don’t know much about him.//\n  3  would rather/would sooner ... than:  used to say that you prefer one thing to another//  --I’d rather drive than go by train.//  --She said she’d rather die than live in the city.//\n  4  no sooner/hardly had ... than:  used to say that one thing happens immediately after another thing//  --No sooner had I got into the house than the phone rang.//  --Hardly had they reached Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London.//


Words: thank
Meaning:
v [T]   [Language: Old English; Origin: thancian]//\n  1 to tell someone that you are pleased and grateful for something they have done, or to be polite about it:  --I haven’t had a chance to thank him yet.//  thank sb for (doing) sth//  --Did you thank Uncle Ron for the present?//  --Madeleine thanked everyone for coming.//\n  2  thank God/goodness/heavens:  used to show that you are very glad about something//  --Thank God that’s over! I’ve never been so nervous in my life!//  thank God/goodness/heavens for//  --’Only ten miles to go.’ ’Thank heavens for that!’//\n  3  thank your lucky stars:   spoken used to tell someone that they are very lucky, especially because they have avoided an unpleasant or dangerous situation//  --You should thank your lucky stars I got here when I did!//\n  4  only have yourself to thank (for sth):   spoken used to say that you are responsible for something bad that has happened to you//  --She has only herself to thank if she doesn’t have any friends.//\n  5  you’ll thank me:   spoken used to tell someone not to be annoyed with you for doing or saying something, because it will be helpful to them later//  --You’ll thank me for this one day, Laura.//\n  6  sb won’t thank you (for doing sth):  used to tell someone that another person will be annoyed because of what they have done//  --I know you’re just trying to help, but he won’t thank you for telling him how to do it.//\n  7  I’ll thank you to do sth:   spoken formal used to tell someone in an angry way not to do something because it is annoying you//  --I’ll thank you to mind your own business.//\n  8  have sb to thank for (doing) sth:  to say that you are grateful to someone who is responsible for something good happening. This expression is sometimes used humorously to mean that you are not grateful for what someone has done//  --I have Phil to thank for getting me my first job.//  --And who do I have to thank for that mess on my desk?//    thank you//


Words: thank you
Meaning:
interjection \n  1 used to tell someone that you are grateful for something they have given you or done for you:   thanks//  --Margaret handed him the butter. ’Thank you,’ said Samuel.//  -- Thank you very much , Brian.//  thank you for (doing) sth//  --It’s good to see you, Mr. Mathias. Thank you for coming.//  --Dear Grandma, thank you for the lovely shirt you sent me for Christmas.//\n  2 used as a polite way of accepting something that someone has offered:  --’Can I give you a lift into town?’ ’Oh, thank you.’//\n  3 used when politely answering someone’s question:  --’How was your trip to Paris?’ ’Very nice, thank you.’//\n  4  no, thank you:  used to say politely that you do not want something//  --’Would you like some more coffee?’ ’No, thank you, I’m fine.’//\n  5 used at the end of a sentence when telling someone firmly that you do not want their help or advice and are slightly annoyed by it:  --I can manage quite well on my own, thank you!//  ----------//  GRAMMAR //  You can use the following expressions to thank someone://  thank you  (NOT ’I thank you’) : ’Call me if you need anything.’ ’Thank you, I will.’ //  thank you for something : Thank you for the lovely card. //  thank you for doing something : Thank you for letting me know (NOT for let me know/that you let me know). //  In more informal English, use  thanks in the same way : Thanks for the suggestion. |  Thanks for helping out. //  ----------//


Words: thank-you
Meaning:
n [C] \n  1 something you say or do in order to thank someone:  --This present’s a thank-you for helping me last week.//  --I just want to say a big thank-you to everyone who supported us.//\n  2  thank-you letter/note/card:  a short letter etc in which you thank someone//


Words: thankful
Meaning:
adj [not before noun]   [Language: Old English; Origin: thancful, from  thanc;   THANKS2]//  grateful and glad about something that has happened, especially because without it the situation would be much worse//  thankful for//  --I’ll be thankful for a good night’s sleep after the week I’ve had.//  thankful (that)//  --She was thankful that Chantal was there.//  thankful to do sth//  --I was thankful to make any sort of progress at all.//  -- thankfulness n  [U] //    be thankful for small mercies/favours at small1 (13)//


Words: thankfully
Meaning:
adv \n  1 [sentence adverb] used to say that you are glad that something has happened, especially because a difficult situation has ended or been avoided:  --Thankfully, I managed to pay off all my debts before we got married.//\n  2 feeling grateful and glad about something, especially because a difficult situation has ended or been avoided:  --We came in and collapsed thankfully onto our beds.//


Words: thankless
Meaning:
adj   [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: thank (noun);   THANKS2]//\n  1 a thankless job is difficult and you do not get any praise for doing it:  thankless task/job/chore etc //  --Cooking every day is a thankless task.//\n  2  literary a thankless person is not grateful:


Words: thanks
Meaning:
interjection  informal \n  1 used to tell someone that you are grateful for something they have given you or done for you:   thank you//  --’Pass the salt, please ... thanks.’//  thanks for//  -- Thanks a lot for the drink.//  -- Thanks very much for your help.//  -- Many thanks for the lovely flowers.//  thanks for doing sth//  --I’d love to go to the party. Thanks for asking me.//\n  2 used as a polite way of accepting something that someone has offered you:  --’Do you want another cup of coffee?’ ’Oh, thanks.’//\n  3  spoken used when politely answering someone’s question:  --’Hi, Bill, how are you?’ ’ Fine, thanks .’//\n  4  no thanks:  used to say politely that you do not want something//  --’How about some cake?’ ’Oh, no thanks, I’m on a diet.’//\n  5  thanks a lot:   also thanks a bunch  AmE  spoken //  used when really you are annoyed about something and you do not mean ’thank you’ at all//\nthanks 2 n [plural]   [Date: 1300-1400; Origin:  Plural of  thank  ’gratefulness’ (11-17 centuries), from  Old English thanc  ’thought, gratefulness’]//\n  1 the things you say or do to show that you are grateful to someone:  --Joe got up and left without a word of thanks .//  thanks to//  --My thanks to all of you for your help.//\n  2  thanks to sb/sth:   informal because of someone or something//  --We’ve reached our goal of $50,000, thanks to the generosity of the public.//  --Some ski resorts opened early, thanks to a late-October snowstorm. see usage note  owing to//\n  3  no thanks to sb/sth:   spoken an expression meaning ’in spite of ’, used when someone should have helped you but did not//  --It was no thanks to you that we managed to win the game.//    vote of thanks//  ----------//  HINT sense 2 //  Do not say ’thank to someone/something’. //  ----------//


Words: Thanksgiving
Meaning:
n [U]   a public holiday in the US and in Canada when families have a large meal together to celebrate and be thankful for food, health, families etc//


Words: that
Meaning:
determiner, pron   [Language: Old English; Origin: th[zB024]t]//\n  1 :  plural  those /[hA171][hA353][hA35E]z $ [hA171]o[hA35E]z/used to refer to a person, thing, idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known about//  --’You never cared about me.’ ’That’s not true.’//  --I wish you wouldn’t say things like that.//  --What did you do with those sandwiches?//  --Victoria Street? That’s where my sister lives.//  --Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins who came to dinner?//  --I’ve got that pain in my back again.//  --He killed a man once and that’s why he had to leave Ireland.//  --’We’ve been cheated,’ she said. Those were her exact words.//  --’I have to go,’ she said, and with that  (=after saying that) she hung up the phone.//\n  2 :  /[hA171][hA353]t/used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ’who’, ’whom’, or ’which’ to introduce a clause//  --There are lots of things that I need to buy before the trip.//  --the people that live next door//  --They’ve got a machine that prints names on badges.//  --the greatest boxer that ever lived//  --Who was it that said ’The Law’s an Ass’?//  --The day that my father died, I was on holiday on Greece.//\n  3 :  plural  those /[hA171][hA353][hA35E]z $ [hA171]o[hA35E]z/ formal used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned//  --In my opinion, the finest wines are those from France.//  that of//  --His own experience was different from that of his friends.//\n  4  those who:  people who//  --There are those who disapprove of all forms of gambling.//  --Those who saw the performance thought it memorable.//\n  5  at that:  used after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said//  --You should be able to answer the question in a single sentence, and a short one at that.//\n  6  that is (to say):  used to give more exact information about something or to correct a statement//  --One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.//  --Languages are taught by the direct method, that is to say, without using the student’s own language.//  --I loved him - that is, I thought I did.//\n  7  spoken :  plural  those used to refer to a person or thing that is not near you//  --Is that my pen you’ve got there?//  --That’s Eileen’s house across the road.//  --Look at those men in that car. What on earth are they doing?//  --Our tomatoes never get as big as that.//\n  8  spoken  that’s life/men/politics etc (for you):  used to say that something is typical of a particular group of people, situation etc//  --I don’t think I was fairly treated, but then that’s life, isn’t it?//  --We go out for a romantic meal and all he wants to do is talk about football. That’s men for you.//\n  9  spoken  that’s it:  a) used to say that something is completely finished or that a situation cannot be changed//  --That’s it, then. There’s nothing more we can do.//  b) used to tell someone that they are doing something correctly//  --Slowly ... slowly. Yeah, that’s it.//  c)  also that does it //  used when you are angry about a situation and you do not want it to continue//  --That’s it. I’m leaving.//\n  10  spoken  that’s that:  used to emphasize that a situation or a decision cannot be changed//  --I refuse to go and that’s that!//  --There’s no money left, so that’s that.//\n  11  spoken used when you are not sure who is answering the telephone:  --Hello, is that Joan Murphy?//\n  12  spoken  and (all) that:   BrE and similar things//  --I knew he was interested in computers and all that.//\n  13  spoken  that’s a good girl/that’s a clever dog etc:  used to praise a child or animal//\nthat 2   conj \n  1 used after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason:  --If she said that she’d come, she’ll come.//  --I can’t believe that he’s only 17.//  --Are you sure that they live in Park Lane?//  --allegations that he is guilty of war crimes//  --The fact that he is your brother-in-law should not affect your decision.//  --He might have left the money for the simple reason that he didn’t know it was there.//\n  2 used after a phrase with ’so’ or ’such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something:  --I was so tired that I fell asleep.//  --The school was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled down.//  --We had been away for such a long time that I had forgotten her name.//\n  3 used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it:  --It’s odd that I haven’t heard of you.//  --That anyone should want to kill her was unthinkable.//  --The problem is that no-one knows what will happen.//\n  4  formal in order that something may happen or someone may do something:  --Give us strength that we may stand against them.//\n  5  literary used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible:  --Oh, that she were alive to see this!//    so (that) at so2 (2)//\nthat 3  adverb] \n  1  spoken used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands:  --It was quite a large fish - about that long.//  --He missed hitting the car in front by that much.//\n  2 [usually in negatives]  spoken as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated:  --I’m sorry, I hadn’t realized the situation was that bad.//  --No one expected it to cost that much.//  --The advanced exam is more difficult, but not many students progress that far.//\n  3  not (all) that long/many etc:   spoken used to mean fairly short, only a few etc//  --Will’s not that tall, considering he’s 16.//  --The film wasn’t all that good.//\n  4  BrE  spoken  informal used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is:  --I was that embarrassed I didn’t know what to say.//


