# dict

Words: rejoice
Meaning:
re.joice\n   rejoice  rejoices  rejoicing  rejoiced\n  If you rejoice, you are very pleased about something and you show it in your behaviour.\nGarbo plays the Queen, rejoicing in the love she has found with Antonio...\nParty activists in New Hampshire rejoiced that the presidential campaign had finally started.\n  VERB: V in/at n, V that, also V\n\n=>  re.joic.ing\nThere was general rejoicing at the news.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rejoin
Meaning:
re.join\n   rejoin  rejoins  rejoining  rejoined\n1. If you rejoin a group, club, or organization, you become a member of it again after not being a member for a period of time.\nThe Prime Minister of Fiji has said Fiji is in no hurry to rejoin the Commonwealth...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you rejoin someone, you go back to them after a short time away from them.\nMimi and her family went off to Tunisia to rejoin her father.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If you rejoin a route, you go back to it after travelling along a different route for a time.\nAt Dorset Wharf go left to rejoin the river...\n  VERB: V n


Words: rejoinder
Meaning:
re.join.der\n   rejoinder  rejoinders\n  A rejoinder is a reply, especially a quick, witty, or critical one, to a question or remark. (FORMAL)\n  N-COUNT\n  = retort


Words: rejuvenate
Meaning:
re.ju.venate\n   rejuvenate  rejuvenates  rejuvenating  rejuvenated\n1. If something rejuvenates you, it makes you feel or look young again.\nShelley was advised that the Italian climate would rejuvenate him...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.ju.venat.ing\nThe hotel’s new Spa offers every kind of rejuvenating treatment and therapy.\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you rejuvenate an organization or system, you make it more lively and more efficient, for example by introducing new ideas.\nThe government pushed through schemes to rejuvenate the inner cities...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.ju.vena.tion\nThe way Britain organises its politics needs rejuvenation.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rekindle
Meaning:
re.kin.dle\n   rekindle  rekindles  rekindling  rekindled\n1. If something rekindles an interest, feeling, or thought that you used to have, it makes you think about it or feel it again.\nBen Brantley’s article on Sir Ian McKellen rekindled many memories...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If something rekindles an unpleasant situation, it makes the unpleasant situation happen again.\nThere are fears that the series could rekindle animosity between the two countries...\n  VERB: V n


Words: relapse
Meaning:
re.lapse\n   relapse  relapses  relapsing  relapsed\nThe noun can also be pronounced\n1. If you say that someone relapses into a way of behaving that is undesirable, you mean that they start to behave in that way again.\n`I wish I did,’ said Phil Jordan, relapsing into his usual gloom...\n  VERB: V into n\n\n  Relapse is also a noun.\n...a relapse into the nationalism of the nineteenth century.\n  N-COUNT: oft N into n\n\n2. If a sick person relapses, their health suddenly gets worse after it had been improving.\nIn 90 per cent of cases the patient will relapse within six months.\n  VERB: V\n\n  Relapse is also a noun.\nThe treatment is usually given to women with a high risk of relapse after surgery...\n  N-VAR


Words: relate
Meaning:
re.late\n   relate  relates  relating  related\n1. If something relates to a particular subject, it concerns that subject.\nOther recommendations relate to the details of how such data is stored...\n  VERB: V to n\n\n2. The way that two things relate, or the way that one thing relates to another, is the sort of connection that exists between them.\nCornell University offers a course that investigates how language relates to particular cultural codes...\nMany Christians today feel the need to relate their experience to that of the Hindu, the Buddhist and the Muslim.\n...a paper called `Language and freedom’ in which Chomsky tries to relate his linguistic and political views...\nAt the end, we have a sense of names, dates, and events but no sense of how they relate.\n  V-RECIP: V to n, V n to n, V pl-n, V\n\n3. If you can relate to someone, you can understand how they feel or behave so that you are able to communicate with them or deal with them easily.\nHe is unable to relate to other people...\nWhen people are cut off from contact with others, they lose all ability to relate.\n  VERB: V to n, V\n\n4. If you relate a story, you tell it. (FORMAL)\nThere were officials to whom he could relate the whole story...\nShe related her tale of living rough.\n  VERB: V n to n, V n


Words: related
Meaning:
re.lat.ed\n   related\n1. If two or more things are related, there is a connection between them.\nThe philosophical problems of chance and of free will are closely related.\n  ADJ\n  = connected\n2. People who are related belong to the same family.\n...people in countries like Bangladesh who have been able to show they are related to a spouse or parent living in Britain.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ to n\n\n3. If you say that different types of things, such as languages, are related, you mean that they developed from the same language.\nSanskrit is related very closely to Latin, Greek, and the Germanic and Celtic languages.\n...closely related species.\n  ADJ: oft ADJ to n


Words: relation
Meaning:
re.la.tion\n   relation  relations\n1. Relations between people, groups, or countries are contacts between them and the way in which they behave towards each other.\nGreece has established full diplomatic relations with Israel...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n  see also industrial relations, public relations, race relations\n2. If you talk about the relation of one thing to another, you are talking about the ways in which they are connected.\nIt is a question of the relation of ethics to economics.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, usu N of/to/between n\n\n3. Your relations are the members of your family.\n...visits to friends and relations...\n  N-COUNT\n  = relative\n  see also poor relation\n4. You can talk about something in relation to something else when you want to compare the size, condition, or position of the two things.\nThe money he’d been ordered to pay was minimal in relation to his salary.\n  PREP-PHRASE\n\n5. If something is said or done in relation to a subject, it is said or done in connection with that subject.\n...a question which has been asked many times in relation to Irish affairs...\n  PREP-PHRASE


Words: relationship
Meaning:
re.la.tion.ship\n   relationship  relationships\n1. The relationship between two people or groups is the way in which they feel and behave towards each other.\n...the friendly relationship between France and Britain...\n...family relationships.\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n\n2. A relationship is a close friendship between two people, especially one involving romantic or sexual feelings.\nWe had been together for two years, but both of us felt the relationship wasn’t really going anywhere.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. The relationship between two things is the way in which they are connected.\nThere is a relationship between diet and cancer.\n  N-COUNT: N between/to/of n


Words: relative
Meaning:
rela.tive\n   relative  relatives\n1. Your relatives are the members of your family.\nGet a relative to look after the children.\n  N-COUNT\n  = relation\n2. You use relative to say that something is true to a certain degree, especially when compared with other things of the same kind.\nThe fighting resumed after a period of relative calm...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  = comparative\n3. You use relative when you are comparing the quality or size of two things.\nThey chatted about the relative merits of London and Paris as places to live...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n4. Relative to something means with reference to it or in comparison with it.\nJapanese interest rates rose relative to America’s...\n  PREP-PHRASE\n\n5. If you say that something is relative, you mean that it needs to be considered and judged in relation to other things.\nFitness is relative; one must always ask `Fit for what?’...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ\n  !=absolute\n6. If one animal, plant, language, or invention is a relative of another, they have both developed from the same type of animal, plant, language, or invention.\nThe pheasant is a close relative of the Guinea hen.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n


Words: relative clause
Meaning:
rela.tive clause\n   relative clause  relative clauses\n  In grammar, a relative clause is a subordinate clause which specifies or gives information about a person or thing. Relative clauses come after a noun or pronoun and, in English, often begin with a relative pronoun such as `who’, `which’, or `that’.\n  N-COUNT


Words: relative pronoun
Meaning:
rela.tive pro.noun\n   relative pronoun  relative pronouns\n  A relative pronoun is a word such as `who’, `that’, or `which’ that is used to introduce a relative clause. `Whose’, `when’, `where’, and `why’ are generally called relative pronouns, though they are actually adverbs.\n  N-COUNT


Words: relatively
Meaning:
rela.tive.ly\n   relatively\n  Relatively means to a certain degree, especially when compared with other things of the same kind.\nThe sums needed are relatively small...\n  ADV: ADV adj/adv\n  = comparatively


Words: relativism
Meaning:
rela.tiv.ism\n   relativism\n  Relativism is the belief that the truth is not always the same but varies according to circumstances.\nTraditionalists may howl, but in today’s world, cultural relativism rules...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  !=absolutism


Words: relativist
Meaning:
rela.tiv.ist\n   relativist  relativists\n  A relativist position or argument is one according to which the truth is not always the same, but varies according to circumstances.\nBonger advocated a relativist position. In his view, what is considered immoral depends on the social structure.\n  ADJ\n  !=absolutist


Words: relativity
Meaning:
rela.tiv.ity\n   relativity\n  The theory of relativity is Einstein’s theory concerning space, time, and motion. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: relaunch
Meaning:
re.launch\n   relaunch relaunches relaunching relaunched\n  To relaunch something such as a company, a product, or a scheme means to start it again or to produce it in a different way.\nHe is hoping to relaunch his film career.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Relaunch is also a noun.\nFootball kit relaunches are simply a way of boosting sales.\n  N-COUNT


Words: relax
Meaning:
re.lax\n   relax  relaxes  relaxing  relaxed\n1. If you relax or if something relaxes you, you feel more calm and less worried or tense.\nI ought to relax and stop worrying about it...\nDo something that you know relaxes you.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n2. When a part of your body relaxes, or when you relax it, it becomes less stiff or firm.\nMassage is used to relax muscles, relieve stress and improve the circulation...\nHis face relaxes into a contented smile.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n3. If you relax your grip or hold on something, you hold it less tightly than before.\nHe gradually relaxed his grip on the arms of the chair.\n  VERB: V n\n  !=tighten\n4. If you relax a rule or your control over something, or if it relaxes, it becomes less firm or strong.\nRules governing student conduct relaxed somewhat in recent years...\nHow much can the President relax his grip over the nation?...\n  VERB: V, V n\n  !=tighten\n5.\n  see also relaxed, relaxing


Words: relaxation
Meaning:
re.laxa.tion\n   relaxation\n1. Relaxation is a way of spending time in which you rest and feel comfortable.\nYou should be able to find the odd moment for relaxation...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n\n\n2. If there is relaxation of a rule or control, it is made less firm or strong.\n...the relaxation of travel restrictions.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N of/in n


Words: relaxed
Meaning:
re.laxed\n   relaxed\n1. If you are relaxed, you are calm and not worried or tense.\nAs soon as I had made the final decision, I felt a lot more relaxed...\n  ADJ\n\n2. If a place or situation is relaxed, it is calm and peaceful.\nThe atmosphere at lunch was relaxed.\n  ADJ


Words: relaxing
Meaning:
re.lax.ing\n   relaxing\n  Something that is relaxing is pleasant and helps you to relax.\nI find cooking very relaxing...\n  ADJ


Words: relay
Meaning:
re.lay\n   relay relays relaying  relayed\nThe noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n1. A relay or a relay race is a race between two or more teams, for example teams of runners or swimmers. Each member of the team runs or swims one section of the race.\nBritain’s prospects of beating the United States in the relay looked poor.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. To relay television or radio signals means to send them or broadcast them.\nThe satellite will be used mainly to relay television programmes...\nThis system continuously monitors levels of radiation and relays the information to a central computer...\n  VERB: V n, V n to/from n\n\n3. If you relay something that has been said to you, you repeat it to another person. (FORMAL)\nShe relayed the message, then frowned...\n  VERB: V n\n  = pass on


Words: release
Meaning:
re.lease\n   release  releases  releasing  released\n1. If a person or animal is released from somewhere where they have been locked up or looked after, they are set free or allowed to go.\nHe was released from custody the next day...\nHe was released on bail.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed from n, be V-ed\n\n2. When someone is released, you refer to their release.\nHe called for the immediate release of all political prisoners.\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n\n3. If someone or something releases you from a duty, task, or feeling, they free you from it. (FORMAL)\nDivorce releases both the husband and wife from all marital obligations to each other...\nThis releases the teacher to work with individuals who are having extreme difficulty.\n  VERB: V n from n, V n\n\n  Release is also a noun.\n...release from stored tensions, traumas and grief...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N, oft N from N\n\n4. To release feelings or abilities means to allow them to be expressed.\nBecoming your own person releases your creativity...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Release is also a noun.\nShe felt the sudden sweet release of her own tears.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n5. If someone in authority releases something such as a document or information, they make it available.\nThey’re not releasing any more details yet...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Release is also a noun.\nAction had been taken to speed up the release of cheques.\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n\n6. If you release someone or something, you stop holding them. (FORMAL)\nHe stopped and faced her, releasing her wrist.\n  VERB: V n\n\n7. If you release a device, you move it so that it stops holding something.\nWade released the hand brake and pulled away from the curb.\n  VERB\n\n8. If something releases gas, heat, or a substance, it causes it to leave its container or the substance that it was part of and enter the surrounding atmosphere or area.\n...a weapon which releases toxic nerve gas...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Release is also a noun.\nUnder the agreement, releases of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 per cent.\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n\n9. When an entertainer or company releases a new CD, video, or film, it becomes available so that people can buy it or see it.\nHe is releasing an album of love songs.\n  VERB: V n\n\n10. A new release is a new CD, video, or film that has just become available for people to buy or see.\nWhich of the new releases do you think are really good?\n  N-COUNT\n\n11. If a film or video is on release or on general release, it is available for people to see in public cinemas or for people to buy.\nThe video has sold three million copies in its first three weeks on release.\n  N-UNCOUNT: on N\n\n12.\n  see also day release, news release, press release


Words: relegate
Meaning:
rel.egate\n   relegate  relegates  relegating  relegated\n1. If you relegate someone or something to a less important position, you give them this position.\nMight it not be better to relegate the King to a purely ceremonial function?...\n  VERB: V n to n\n\n2. If a sports team that competes in a league is relegated, it has to compete in a lower division in the next competition, because it was one of the least successful teams in the higher division. (BRIT)\nIf Leigh lose, they’ll be relegated.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n  !=promote\n=>  rel.ega.tion\nRelegation to the Third Division would prove catastrophic.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  !=promotion


Words: relent
Meaning:
re.lent\n   relent  relents  relenting  relented\n1. If you relent, you allow someone to do something that you had previously refused to allow them to do.\nFinally his mother relented and gave permission for her youngest son to marry.\n  VERB: V\n\n2. If bad weather relents, it improves.\nIf the weather relents, the game will be finished today.\n  VERB: V


Words: relentless
Meaning:
re.lent.less\n   relentless\n1. Something bad that is relentless never stops or never becomes less intense.\nThe pressure now was relentless.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.lent.less.ly\nThe sun is beating down relentlessly.\n  ADV\n\n2. Someone who is relentless is determined to do something and refuses to give up, even if what they are doing is unpleasant or cruel.\nRelentless in his pursuit of quality, his technical ability was remarkable...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.lent.less.ly\nShe always questioned me relentlessly.\n  ADV


Words: relevance
Meaning:
rel.evance\n   relevance\n  Something’s relevance to a situation or person is its importance or significance in that situation or to that person.\nPoliticians’ private lives have no relevance to their public roles...\n  N-UNCOUNT: with supp, oft N to n


Words: relevant
Meaning:
rel.evant\n   relevant\n1. Something that is relevant to a situation or person is important or significant in that situation or to that person.\nIs socialism still relevant to people’s lives?...\n  ADJ\n  = pertinent  !=irrelevant\n2. The relevant thing of a particular kind is the one that is appropriate.\nMake sure you enclose all the relevant certificates.\n  ADJ: the ADJ n


Words: reliable
Meaning:
re.li.able\n   reliable\n1. People or things that are reliable can be trusted to work well or to behave in the way that you want them to.\nShe was efficient and reliable...\nJapanese cars are so reliable.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.li.ably\nIt’s been working reliably for years.\n  ADV\n\n=>  re.li.abil.ity\nHe’s not at all worried about his car’s reliability.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. Information that is reliable or that is from a reliable source is very likely to be correct.\nThere is no reliable information about civilian casualties...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.li.ably\nSonia, we are reliably informed, loves her family very much.\n  ADV\n\n=>  re.li.abil.ity\nBoth questioned the reliability of recent opinion polls.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reliance
Meaning:
re.li.ance\n   reliance\n  A person’s or thing’s reliance on something is the fact that they need it and often cannot live or work without it.\n...the country’s increasing reliance on foreign aid.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu poss N on/upon n\n  = dependence


Words: reliant
Meaning:
re.li.ant\n   reliant\n  A person or thing that is reliant on something needs it and often cannot live or work without it.\nThese people are not wholly reliant on Western charity...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ on/upon n\n  = dependent\n  see also self-reliant


Words: relic
Meaning:
rel.ic\n   relic  relics\n1. If you refer to something or someone as a relic of an earlier period, you mean that they belonged to that period but have survived into the present.\nGermany’s asylum law is a relic of an era in European history which has passed...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of/from n\n\n2. A relic is something which was made or used a long time ago and which is kept for its historical significance.\n...a museum of war relics.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp


Words: relief
Meaning:
re.lief\n   relief  reliefs\n1. If you feel a sense of relief, you feel happy because something unpleasant has not happened or is no longer happening.\nI breathed a sigh of relief...\nThe news will come as a great relief to the French authorities...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N\n\n2. If something provides relief from pain or distress, it stops the pain or distress.\n...a self-help programme which can give lasting relief from the torment of hay fever.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N from n\n\n3. Relief is money, food, or clothing that is provided for people who are very poor, or who have been affected by war or a natural disaster.\nRelief agencies are stepping up efforts to provide food, shelter and agricultural equipment.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n, n N\n\n4. A relief worker is someone who does your work when you go home, or who is employed to do it instead of you when you are sick.\nNo relief drivers were available.\n  N-COUNT: usu N n\n\n5.\n  see also bas-relief, tax relief


Words: relieve
Meaning:
re.lieve\n   relieve  relieves  relieving  relieved\n1. If something relieves an unpleasant feeling or situation, it makes it less unpleasant or causes it to disappear completely.\nDrugs can relieve much of the pain...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If someone or something relieves you of an unpleasant feeling or difficult task, they take it from you.\nA part-time bookkeeper will relieve you of the burden of chasing unpaid invoices and paying bills.\n  VERB: V n of n\n\n3. If someone relieves you of something, they take it away from you. (FORMAL)\nA porter relieved her of the three large cases.\n  VERB: V n of n\n\n4. If you relieve someone, you take their place and continue to do the job or duty that they have been doing.\nAt seven o’clock the night nurse came in to relieve her.\n  VERB: V n\n\n5. If someone is relieved of their duties or is relieved of their post, they are told that they are no longer required to continue in their job. (FORMAL)\nThe officer involved was relieved of his duties because he had violated strict guidelines...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed of n\n\n6. If an army relieves a town or another place which has been surrounded by enemy forces, it frees it.\nThe offensive began several days ago as an attempt to relieve the town.\n  VERB: V n\n\n7. If people or animals relieve themselves, they urinate or defecate. (OLD-FASHIONED)\nIt is not difficult to train your dog to relieve itself on command.\n  VERB: V pron-refl


Words: relieved
Meaning:
re.lieved\n   relieved\n  If you are relieved, you feel happy because something unpleasant has not happened or is no longer happening.\nWe are all relieved to be back home...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ, oft ADJ to-inf/that


Words: religion
Meaning:
re.li.gion\n   religion  religions\n1. Religion is belief in a god or gods and the activities that are connected with this belief, such as praying or worshipping in a building such as a church or temple.\n...his understanding of Indian philosophy and religion...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. A religion is a particular system of belief in a god or gods and the activities that are connected with this system.\n...the Christian religion.\n  N-COUNT


Words: religiosity
Meaning:
re.ligi.os.ity\n   religiosity\n  If you refer to a person’s religiosity, you are referring to the fact that they are religious in a way which seems exaggerated and insincere. (FORMAL)\n...their hypocritical religiosity.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp


Words: religious
Meaning:
re.li.gious\n   religious\n1. You use religious to describe things that are connected with religion or with one particular religion.\n...religious groups.\n...different religious beliefs.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n=>  re.li.gious.ly\nIndia has always been one of the most religiously diverse countries.\n  ADV: usu ADV adj/adv, ADV -ed\n\n2. Someone who is religious has a strong belief in a god or gods.\nThey are both very religious and felt it was a gift from God.\n  ADJ\n\n3.\n  see also religiously


Words: religiously
Meaning:
re.li.gious.ly\n   religiously\n1. If you do something religiously, you do it very regularly because you feel you have to.\nDo these exercises religiously every day.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n2.\n  see also religious


Words: relinquish
Meaning:
re.lin.quish\n   relinquish  relinquishes  relinquishing  relinquished\n  If you relinquish something such as power or control, you give it up. (FORMAL)\nHe does not intend to relinquish power.\n  VERB: V n


Words: reliquary
Meaning:
reli.quary\n   reliquary  reliquaries\n  A reliquary is a container where religious objects connected with a saint are kept.\n  N-COUNT


Words: relish
Meaning:
rel.ish\n   relish  relishes  relishing  relished\n1. If you relish something, you get a lot of enjoyment from it.\nI relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Relish is also a noun.\nThe three men ate with relish.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If you relish the idea, thought, or prospect of something, you are looking forward to it very much.\nJacqueline is not relishing the prospect of another spell in prison...\n  VERB: V n\n  = look forward to\n3. Relish is a sauce or pickle that you eat with other food in order to give the other food more flavour.\n  N-MASS


Words: relive
Meaning:
re.live\n   relive  relives  reliving  relived\n  If you relive something that has happened to you in the past, you remember it and imagine that you are experiencing it again.\nThere is no point in reliving the past...\n  VERB: V n


Words: reload
Meaning:
re.load\n   reload  reloads  reloading  reloaded\n  If someone reloads a gun, they load it again by putting in more bullets or explosive. If you reload a container, you fill it again.\nShe reloaded the gun as quickly as she could...\nHe reloaded and nodded to the gamekeeper.\n  VERB: V n, V


Words: relocate
Meaning:
re.lo.cate\n   relocate  relocates  relocating  relocated\n  If people or businesses relocate or if someone relocates them, they move to a different place.\nIf the company was to relocate, most employees would move...\nThere will be the problem of where to relocate the returning troops...\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n=>  re.lo.ca.tion      relocations\nThe company says the cost of relocation will be negligible.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl


Words: relocation expenses
Meaning:
re.lo.ca.tion ex.penses\n\n  Relocation expenses are a sum of money that a company pays to someone who moves to a new area in order to work for the company. The money is to help them pay for moving house. (BUSINESS)\nRelocation expenses were paid to encourage senior staff to move to the region.\n  N-PLURAL


Words: reluctant
Meaning:
re.luc.tant\n   reluctant\n  If you are reluctant to do something, you are unwilling to do it and hesitate before doing it, or do it slowly and without enthusiasm.\nMr Spero was reluctant to ask for help...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ to-inf\n\n=>  re.luc.tant.ly\nWe have reluctantly agreed to let him go.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n=>  re.luc.tance\nMinisters have shown extreme reluctance to explain their position to the media.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N to-inf


Words: rely
Meaning:
rely  relies  relying  relied\n1. If you rely on someone or something, you need them and depend on them in order to live or work properly.\nThey relied heavily on the advice of their professional advisers...\n  VERB: V on/upon n\n\n2. If you can rely on someone to work well or to behave as you want them to, you can trust them to do this.\nI know I can rely on you to sort it out...\nThe Red Cross are relying on us.\n  VERB: V on/upon n to-inf, V on/upon n


Words: REM
Meaning:
REM\n  REM sleep is a period of sleep that is very deep, during which your eyes and muscles make many small movements. It is the period during which most of your dreams occur. REM is an abbreviation for `rapid eye movement’.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: remain
Meaning:
re.main\n   remain  remains  remaining  remained\n1. If someone or something remains in a particular state or condition, they stay in that state or condition and do not change.\nThe three men remained silent...\nThe government remained in control...\nHe remained a formidable opponent...\nIt remains possible that bad weather could tear more holes in the tanker’s hull.\n  V-LINK: V adj, V prep, V n, it V adj that/to-inf/wh\n\n2. If you remain in a place, you stay there and do not move away.\nHe will have to remain in hospital for at least 10 days...\n  VERB: V prep, also V\n\n3. You can say that something remains when it still exists.\nThe wider problem remains...\n  VERB: V\n\n4. If something remains to be done, it has not yet been done and still needs to be done.\nMajor questions remain to be answered about his work...\n  V-LINK: V to-inf-passive\n\n5. The remains of something are the parts of it that are left after most of it has been taken away or destroyed.\nThey were tidying up the remains of their picnic.\n  N-PLURAL: usu the N of n\n\n6. The remains of a person or animal are the parts of their body that are left after they have died, sometimes after they have been dead for a long time.\nThe unrecognizable remains of a man had been found...\n  N-PLURAL: usu with supp\n\n7. Historical remains are things that have been found from an earlier period of history, usually buried in the ground, for example parts of buildings and pieces of pottery.\nThere are Roman remains all around us.\n  N-PLURAL: usu supp N\n\n8. You can use remain in expressions such as the fact remains that or the question remains whether to introduce and emphasize something that you want to talk about.\nThe fact remains that inflation is unacceptably high...\nThe question remains whether he was fully aware of the claims.\n  V-LINK: V that, V wh\n\n9.\n  see also remaining\n10. If you say that it remains to be seen whether something will happen, you mean that nobody knows whether it will happen.\nIt remains to be seen whether her parliamentary colleagues will agree.\n  PHRASE: usu it PHR whether  vagueness


Words: remainder
Meaning:
re.main.der\n   remainder\n  The remainder of a group are the things or people that still remain after the other things or people have gone or have been dealt with.\nHe gulped down the remainder of his coffee...\n  QUANT: QUANT of def-n\n  = rest\n  Remainder is also a pronoun.\nOnly 5.9 per cent of the area is now covered in trees. Most of the remainder is farmland...\n  PRON


Words: remaining
Meaning:
re.main.ing\n   remaining\n1. The remaining things or people out of a group are the things or people that still exist, are still present, or have not yet been dealt with.\nThe three parties will meet next month to work out remaining differences...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2.\n  see also remain


Words: remake
Meaning:
re.make\n   remake remakes remaking  remade\nThe noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n1. A remake is a film that has the same story, and often the same title, as a film that was made earlier.\n...a 1953 remake of the thirties musical `Roberta’.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If a film is remade, a new film is made that has the same story, and often the same title, as a film that was made earlier.\nOriginally released in 1957, the film was remade as `The Magnificent Seven’.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n\n3. If you have something remade, you ask someone to make it again, especially in a way that is better than before.\nHe had all the window frames in the room remade.\n  VERB: have n V-ed, also V n


Words: remand
Meaning:
re.mand\n   remand  remands  remanding  remanded\n1. If a person who is accused of a crime is remanded in custody or on bail, they are told to return to the court at a later date, when their trial will take place.\nCarter was remanded in custody for seven days...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed prep\n\n2. Remand is used to refer to the process of remanding someone in custody or on bail, or to the period of time until their trial begins.\nThe remand hearing is often over in three minutes...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl, oft N n, on N


Words: remand centre
Meaning:
re.mand cen.tre\n   remand centre  remand centres\n  In Britain, a remand centre is an institution where people who are accused of a crime are sent until their trial begins or until a decision about their punishment has been made.\n  N-COUNT


Words: remark
Meaning:
re.mark\n   remark  remarks  remarking  remarked\n1. If you remark that something is the case, you say that it is the case.\nI remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon...\n`Some people have more money than sense,’ Winston had remarked...\nOn several occasions she had remarked on the boy’s improvement...\n  VERB: V that, V with quote, V on/upon n/wh\n\n2. If you make a remark about something, you say something about it.\nShe has made outspoken remarks about the legalisation of cannabis in Britain...\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n  = comment


Words: remarkable
Meaning:
re.mark.able\n   remarkable\n  Someone or something that is remarkable is unusual or special in a way that makes people notice them and be surprised or impressed.\nHe was a remarkable man...\nIt was a remarkable achievement...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.mark.ably\nThe Scottish labour market has been remarkably successful in absorbing the increase in the number of graduates...\n  ADV: usu ADV adj/adv, also ADV with cl


Words: remarriage
Meaning:
re.mar.riage\n   remarriage  remarriages\n  Remarriage is the act of remarrying.\nThe question of divorce and remarriage in church remains highly contentious.\n  N-VAR


Words: remarry
Meaning:
re.mar.ry\n   remarry  remarries  remarrying  remarried\n  If someone remarries, they marry again after they have obtained a divorce from their previous husband or wife, or after their previous husband or wife has died.\nHer mother had never remarried.\n  VERB: V, also V n


Words: remaster
Meaning:
re.mas.ter\n   remaster  remasters  remastering  remastered\n  If a film or musical recording is remastered, a new recording is made of the old version, using modern technology to improve the quality.\nA special remastered version of Casablanca is being released.\n  VERB: V-ed, also V n


Words: rematch
Meaning:
re.match\n   rematch  rematches\n1. A rematch is a second game that is played between two people or teams, for example because their first match was a draw or because there was a dispute about some aspect of it. (mainly BRIT)\nDuff said he would be demanding a rematch.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rematch is a second game or contest between two people or teams who have already faced each other. (mainly AM; in BRIT, usually use return match)\nStanford will face UCLA in a rematch...\n  N-COUNT


Words: remedial
Meaning:
re.medial\n   remedial\n1. Remedial education is intended to improve a person’s ability to read, write, or do mathematics, especially when they find these things difficult.\n...children who required special remedial education...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. Remedial activities are intended to improve a person’s health when they are ill. (FORMAL)\nHe is already walking normally and doing remedial exercises.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n3. Remedial action is intended to correct something that has been done wrong or that has not been successful. (FORMAL)\nSome authorities are now having to take remedial action.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: remedy
Meaning:
rem.edy\n   remedy  remedies  remedying  remedied\n1. A remedy is a successful way of dealing with a problem.\nThe remedy lies in the hands of the government.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A remedy is something that is intended to cure you when you are ill or in pain.\n...natural remedies to help overcome winter infections.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you remedy something that is wrong or harmful, you correct it or improve it.\nA great deal has been done internally to remedy the situation.\n  VERB: V n


Words: remember
Meaning:
re.mem.ber\n   remember  remembers  remembering  remembered\n1. If you remember people or events from the past, you still have an idea of them in your mind and you are able to think about them.\nYou wouldn’t remember me. I was in another group...\nI certainly don’t remember talking to you at all...\nI remembered that we had drunk the last of the coffee the week before...\nI can remember where and when I bought each one...\nI used to do that when you were a little girl, remember?\n  VERB: V n/-ing, V n/-ing, V that, V wh, V\n\n2. If you remember that something is the case, you become aware of it again after a time when you did not think about it.\nShe remembered that she was going to the social club that evening...\nThen I remembered the cheque, which cheered me up.\n  VERB: V that, V n\n\n3. If you cannot remember something, you are not able to bring it back into your mind when you make an effort to do so.\nIf you can’t remember your number, write it in code in a diary...\nI can’t remember what I said...\nDon’t tell me you can’t remember.\n  VERB: usu with brd-neg, V n/-ing, V wh, V\n\n4. If you remember to do something, you do it when you intend to.\nPlease remember to enclose a stamped addressed envelope when writing.\n  VERB: V to-inf\n  !=forget\n5. You tell someone to remember that something is the case when you want to emphasize its importance. It may be something that they already know about or a new piece of information.\nIt is important to remember that each person reacts differently...\nIt should be remembered that this loss of control can never be regained.\n  VERB: V that, it modal be V-ed that  emphasis\n\n6. If you say that someone will be remembered for something that they have done, you mean that people will think of this whenever they think about the person.\nAt his grammar school he is remembered for being bad at games...\nHe will always be remembered as one of the great Chancellors of the Exchequer.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed for n/-ing, be V-ed as n\n\n7. If you ask someone to remember you to a person who you have not seen for a long time, you are asking them to pass your greetings on to that person.\n`Remember me to Lyle, won’t you?’ I said...\n  VERB: no cont, usu imper, V n to n\n\n8. If you make a celebration an occasion to remember, you make it very enjoyable for all the people involved.\nWe’ll give everyone a night to remember...\n  VERB: only to-inf, V


Words: remembrance
Meaning:
re.mem.brance\n   remembrance\n  If you do something in remembrance of a dead person, you do it as a way of showing that you want to remember them and that you respect them. (FORMAL)\nThey wore black in remembrance of those who had died.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Remembrance Day
Meaning:
Re.mem.brance Day\n   Remembrance Day\n  In Britain, Remembrance Day or Remembrance Sunday is the Sunday nearest to the 11th of November, when people honour the memory of those who died in the two world wars.\n...a Remembrance Day service.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: remind
Meaning:
re.mind\n   remind  reminds  reminding  reminded\n1. If someone reminds you of a fact or event that you already know about, they say something which makes you think about it.\nSo she simply welcomed him and reminded him of the last time they had met...\nI had to remind myself that being confident is not the same as being perfect!\n  VERB: V n of n, V n that\n\n2. You use remind in expressions such as Let me remind you that and May I remind you that to introduce a piece of information that you want to emphasize. It may be something that the hearer already knows about or a new piece of information. Sometimes these expressions can sound unfriendly. (SPOKEN)\n`Let me remind you,’ said Marianne, `that Manchester is also my home town.’...\nNeed I remind you who the enemy is?\n  VERB: V n that, V n wh  emphasis\n\n3. If someone reminds you to do a particular thing, they say something which makes you remember to do it.\nCan you remind me to buy a bottle of Martini?...\nThe note was to remind him about something he had to explain to one of his students.\n  VERB: V n to-inf, V n about n\n\n4. If you say that someone or something reminds you of another person or thing, you mean that they are similar to the other person or thing and that they make you think about them.\nShe reminds me of the wife of the pilot who used to work for you...\n  VERB: V n of n


Words: reminder
Meaning:
re.mind.er\n   reminder  reminders\n1. Something that serves as a reminder of another thing makes you think about the other thing. (WRITTEN)\nThe British are about to be given a sharp reminder of what fighting abroad really means...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, oft N of n/wh, N that\n\n2. A reminder is a letter or note that is sent to tell you that you have not done something such as pay a bill or return library books. (mainly BRIT)\n...the final reminder for the gas bill.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reminisce
Meaning:
remi.nisce\n   reminisce  reminisces  reminiscing  reminisced\n  If you reminisce about something from your past, you write or talk about it, often with pleasure. (FORMAL)\nI don’t like reminiscing because it makes me feel old.\n  VERB: V


Words: reminiscence
Meaning:
remi.nis.cence\n   reminiscence  reminiscences\n  Someone’s reminiscences are things that they remember from the past, and which they talk or write about. Reminiscence is the process of remembering these things and talking or writing about them. (FORMAL)\nHere I am boring you with my reminiscences.\n  N-VAR: oft poss N, N of n


Words: reminiscent
Meaning:
remi.nis.cent\n   reminiscent\n  If you say that one thing is reminiscent of another, you mean that it reminds you of it. (FORMAL)\nThe decor was reminiscent of a municipal arts-and-leisure centre...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ of n


Words: remiss
Meaning:
re.miss\n   remiss\n  If someone is remiss, they are careless about doing things which ought to be done. (FORMAL)\nI would be remiss if I did not do something about it.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ in n/-ing


Words: remission
Meaning:
re.mis.sion\n   remission  remissions\n1. If someone who has had a serious disease such as cancer is in remission or if the disease is in remission, the disease has been controlled so that they are not as ill as they were.\nBrain scans have confirmed that the disease is in remission...\n  N-VAR\n\n2. If someone in prison gets remission, their prison sentence is reduced, usually because they have behaved well. (BRIT)\nWith remission for good behaviour, she could be freed in a year.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: remit
Meaning:
re.mit\n   remit remits remitting  remitted\nThe noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n1. Someone’s remit is the area of activity which they are expected to deal with, or which they have authority to deal with. (BRIT)\nThat issue is not within the remit of the working group...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, oft poss N, N of n\n  = brief\n2. If you remit money to someone, you send it to them. (FORMAL)\nMany immigrants regularly remit money to their families.\n  VERB: V n to n


Words: remittance
Meaning:
re.mit.tance\n   remittance  remittances\n  A remittance is a sum of money that you send to someone. (FORMAL)\nPlease enclose your remittance, making cheques payable to Thames Valley Technology.\n  N-VAR\n  = payment


Words: remix
Meaning:
re.mix\n   remix remixes remixing  remixed\nThe noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n1. A remix is a new version of a piece of music which has been created by putting together the individual instrumental and vocal parts in a different way.\nTheir new album features remixes of some of their previous hits.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. To remix a piece of music means to make a new version of it by putting together the individual instrumental and vocal parts in a different way.\nThe band are remixing some tracks...\n  VERB: V n


Words: remnant
Meaning:
rem.nant\n   remnant  remnants\n1. The remnants of something are small parts of it that are left over when the main part has disappeared or been destroyed.\nBeneath the present church were remnants of Roman flooring...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n\n2. A remnant is a small piece of cloth that is left over when most of the cloth has been sold. Shops usually sell remnants cheaply.\n  N-COUNT


Words: remodel
Meaning:
re.mod.el\n   remodel  remodels  remodelling  remodelled\nin AM, use remodeling, remodeled\n  To remodel something such as a building or a room means to give it a different form or shape.\nWorkmen were hired to remodel and enlarge the farm buildings...\n  VERB: V n


Words: remonstrate
Meaning:
re.mon.strate\n   remonstrate  remonstrates  remonstrating  remonstrated\n  If you remonstrate with someone, you protest to them about something you do not approve of or agree with, and you try to get it changed or stopped. (FORMAL)\nHe remonstrated with the referee...\nI jumped in the car and went to remonstrate.\n  VERB: V with n, V, also V prep


Words: remorse
Meaning:
re.morse\n   remorse\n  Remorse is a strong feeling of sadness and regret about something wrong that you have done.\nHe was full of remorse...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: remorseful
Meaning:
re.morse.ful\n   remorseful\n  If you are remorseful, you feel very guilty and sorry about something wrong that you have done.\nHe was genuinely remorseful.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.morse.ful.ly\n`My poor wife!’ he said, remorsefully.\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: remorseless
Meaning:
re.morse.less\n   remorseless\n1. If you describe something, especially something unpleasant, as remorseless, you mean that it goes on for a long time and cannot be stopped.\n...the remorseless pressure of recession and financial constraint.\n  ADJ\n  = relentless\n=>  re.morse.less.ly\nThere have been record bankruptcies and remorselessly rising unemployment.\n  ADV: usu ADV with v\n\n2. Someone who is remorseless is prepared to be cruel to other people and feels no pity for them.\n...the capacity for quick, remorseless violence.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.morse.less.ly\nThey remorselessly beat up anyone they suspected of supporting the opposition.\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: remote
Meaning:
re.mote\n   remote  remoter  remotest\n1. Remote areas are far away from cities and places where most people live, and are therefore difficult to get to.\nLandslides have cut off many villages in remote areas.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. The remote past or remote future is a time that is many years distant from the present.\nSlabs of rock had slipped sideways in the remote past, and formed this hole.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = distant\n3. If something is remote from a particular subject or area of experience, it is not relevant to it because it is very different.\nThis government depends on the wishes of a few who are remote from the people...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ from n\n\n4. If you say that there is a remote possibility or chance that something will happen, you are emphasizing that there is only a very small chance that it will happen.\nI use a sunscreen whenever there is even a remote possibility that I will be in the sun...\n  ADJ  emphasis\n\n5. If you describe someone as remote, you mean that they behave as if they do not want to be friendly or closely involved with other people.\nShe looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote.\n  ADJ


Words: remote access
Meaning:
re.mote ac.cess\n\n  Remote access is a system which allows you to gain access to a particular computer or network using a separate computer. (COMPUTING)\nThe diploma course would offer remote access to course materials via the Internet’s world wide web.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: remote control
Meaning:
re.mote con.trol\n   remote control  remote controls\n1. Remote control is a system of controlling a machine or a vehicle from a distance by using radio or electronic signals.\nThe bomb was detonated by remote control.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. The remote control for a television or video recorder is the device that you use to control the machine from a distance, by pressing the buttons on it.\n  N-COUNT


Words: remote sensing
Meaning:
re.mote sens.ing\n   remote sensing\n  Remote sensing is the gathering of information about something by observing it from space or from the air.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: remote-controlled
Meaning:
remote-controlled\n  A remote-controlled machine or device is controlled from a distance by the use of radio or electronic signals.\n...a remote-controlled bomb.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: remotely
Meaning:
re.mote.ly\n   remotely\n1. You use remotely with a negative statement to emphasize the statement.\nNobody was remotely interested.\n  ADV: with brd-neg, usu ADV group, also ADV before v  emphasis\n\n2. If someone or something is remotely placed or situated, they are a long way from other people or places.\n...the remotely situated, five bedroom house.\n  ADV: ADV -ed


Words: remould
Meaning:
re.mould\n   remould remoulds remoulding  remoulded\n\n  The spelling remold is used in American English. The noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n\n1. A remould is an old tyre which has been given a new surface or tread and can be used again. (BRIT; in AM, use retread)\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. To remould something such as an idea or an economy means to change it so that it has a new structure or is based on new principles.\n...a new phase in the attempt to remould Labour’s image.\n  VERB: V n


Words: remount
Meaning:
re.mount\n   remount  remounts  remounting  remounted\n  When you remount a bicycle or horse, you get back on it after you have got off it or fallen off it.\nHe was told to remount his horse and ride back to Lexington...\nThe pony scrabbled up and waited for the rider, who remounted and carried on.\n  VERB: V n, V


Words: removable
Meaning:
re.mov.able\n   removable\n  A removable part of something is a part that can easily be moved from its place or position.\n...a cake tin with a removable base.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: removal
Meaning:
re.mov.al\n   removal  removals\n1. The removal of something is the act of removing it.\nWhat they expected to be the removal of a small lump turned out to be major surgery...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp\n\n2. Removal is the process of transporting furniture or equipment from one building to another. (mainly BRIT; in AM, use moving)\nHome removals are best done in cool weather...\n  N-VAR: usu with supp, oft N n


Words: removal man
Meaning:
re.mov.al man\n   removal man  removal men\n  Removal men are men whose job is to move furniture or equipment from one building to another. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use movers)\n  N-COUNT


Words: remove
Meaning:
re.move\n   remove  removes  removing  removed\n1. If you remove something from a place, you take it away. (WRITTEN)\nAs soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven...\nHe went to the refrigerator and removed a bottle of wine.\n  VERB: V n from n, V n\n\n2. If you remove clothing, you take it off. (WRITTEN)\nHe removed his jacket.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If you remove a stain from something, you make the stain disappear by treating it with a chemical or by washing it.\nThis treatment removes the most stubborn stains...\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. If people remove someone from power or from something such as a committee, they stop them being in power or being a member of the committee.\nThe student senate voted to remove Fuller from office...\n  VERB: V n from n\n\n5. If you remove an obstacle, a restriction, or a problem, you get rid of it.\nThe agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the arms treaty...\n  VERB: V n


Words: removed
Meaning:
re.moved\n   removed\n  If you say that an idea or situation is far removed from something, you mean that it is very different from it.\nHe found it hard to concentrate on conversation so far removed from his present preoccupations...\n  ADJ: v-link adv ADJ from n


Words: remover
Meaning:
re.mov.er\n   remover  removers\n  Remover is a substance that you use for removing an unwanted stain, mark, or coating from a surface.\nWe got some paint remover and scrubbed it off.\n  N-MASS: usu supp N


Words: remunerate
Meaning:
re.mu.ner.ate\n   remunerate  remunerates  remunerating  remunerated\n  If you are remunerated for work that you do, you are paid for it. (FORMAL)\nYou will be remunerated and so will your staff.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed


Words: remuneration
Meaning:
re.mu.nera.tion\n   remuneration  remunerations\n  Someone’s remuneration is the amount of money that they are paid for the work that they do. (FORMAL)\n...the continuing marked increase in the remuneration of the company’s directors...\n  N-VAR


Words: remunerative
Meaning:
re.mu.nera.tive\n   remunerative\n  Remunerative work is work that you are paid for. (FORMAL)\nA doctor advised her to seek remunerative employment.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: renaissance
Meaning:
re.nais.sance\n   renaissance\n1. The Renaissance was the period in Europe, especially Italy, in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries, when there was a new interest in art, literature, science, and learning.\n...the Renaissance masterpieces in London’s galleries...\n  N-PROPER: the N, oft N n\n\n2. If something experiences a renaissance, it becomes popular or successful again after a time when people were not interested in it.\nPopular art is experiencing a renaissance...\n  N-SING\n  = revival


Words: Renaissance man
Meaning:
Re.nais.sance man\n   Renaissance man  Renaissance men\n  If you describe a man as a Renaissance man, you mean that he has a wide range of abilities and interests, especially in the arts and sciences.\n  N-COUNT  approval


Words: renal
Meaning:
re.nal\n   renal\n  Renal describes things that concern or are related to the kidneys. (MEDICAL)\nHe collapsed from acute renal failure...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: rename
Meaning:
re.name\n   rename  renames  renaming  renamed\n  If you rename something, you change its name to a new name.\nTel Aviv’s Kings Square was renamed Yitzhak Rabin Square...\n  VERB: be V-ed n


Words: rend
Meaning:
rend  rends  rending  rent\n1. To rend something means to tear it. (LITERARY)\n...pain that rends the heart.\n...a twisted urge to rend and tear.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n2. If a loud sound rends the air, it is sudden and violent. (LITERARY)\nHe bellows, rends the air with anguish.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3.\n  see also heart-rending


Words: render
Meaning:
ren.der\n   render  renders  rendering  rendered\n1. You can use render with an adjective that describes a particular state to say that someone or something is changed into that state. For example, if someone or something makes a thing harmless, you can say that they render it harmless.\nIt contained so many errors as to render it worthless.\n  VERB: V n adj\n  = make\n2. If you render someone help or service, you help them. (FORMAL)\nHe had a chance to render some service to his country...\nAny assistance you can render him will be appreciated...\n  VERB: V n to n, V n n\n\n3. To render something in a particular language or in a particular way means to translate it into that language or in that way. (FORMAL)\nAll the signs and announcements were rendered in English and Spanish.\n  VERB: V n as/in/into n


Words: rendering
Meaning:
ren.der.ing\n   rendering  renderings\n1. A rendering of a play, poem, or piece of music is a performance of it.\n...a rendering of Verdi’s Requiem by the BBC Symphony Orchestra.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n  = performance\n2. A rendering of an expression or piece of writing or speech is a translation of it.\nThis phrase may well have been a rendering of a popular Arabic expression.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n


Words: rendezvous
Meaning:
ren.dez.vous\n   rendezvous rendezvousing  rendezvoused\nThe form rendezvous is usually pronounced   but is pronounced   when it is the plural of the noun or the third person singular of the verb.\n1. A rendezvous is a meeting, often a secret one, that you have arranged with someone for a particular time and place.\nI had almost decided to keep my rendezvous with Tony.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rendezvous is the place where you have arranged to meet someone, often secretly.\nTheir rendezvous would be the Penta Hotel at Heathrow Airport.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you rendezvous with someone or if the two of you rendezvous, you meet them at a time and place that you have arranged.\nThe plan was to rendezvous with him on Sunday afternoon...\nShe wondered where they were going to rendezvous afterwards.\n  V-RECIP: V with n, pl-n V\n  = meet


Words: rendition
Meaning:
ren.di.tion\n   rendition  renditions\n  A rendition of a play, poem, or piece of music is a performance of it.\nThe musicians burst into a rousing rendition of `Paddy Casey’s Reel’.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n  = performance


Words: renegade
Meaning:
ren.egade\n   renegade  renegades\n1. A renegade is a person who abandons the religious, political, or philosophical beliefs that he or she used to have, and accepts opposing or different beliefs.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Renegade is used to describe a member of a group or profession who behaves in a way that is opposed to the normal behaviour or beliefs of that group or profession.\nThree men were shot dead by a renegade policeman.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: renege
Meaning:
re.nege\n   renege  reneges  reneging  reneged\n  If someone reneges on a promise or an agreement, they do not do what they have promised or agreed to do.\nIf someone reneged on a deal, they could never trade here again.\n  VERB: V on n, also V


Words: renew
Meaning:
re.new\n   renew  renews  renewing  renewed\n1. If you renew an activity, you begin it again.\nHe renewed his attack on government policy towards Europe...\nThere was renewed fighting yesterday.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed\n\n2. If you renew a relationship with someone, you start it again after you have not seen them or have not been friendly with them for some time.\nWhen the two men met again after the war they renewed their friendship...\nIn December 1989 Syria renewed diplomatic relations with Egypt.\n  V-RECIP: pl-n V n, V n with n\n  = resume\n3. When you renew something such as a licence or a contract, you extend the period of time for which it is valid.\nLarry’s landlord threatened not to renew his lease...\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. You can say that something is renewed when it grows again or is replaced after it has been destroyed or lost.\nCells are being constantly renewed.\n...a renewed interest in public transport systems.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed, V-ed


Words: renewable
Meaning:
re.new.able\n   renewable\n1. Renewable resources are natural ones such as wind, water, and sunlight, which are always available.\n...renewable energy sources.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. If a contract or agreement is renewable, it can be extended when it reaches the end of a fixed period of time.\nA formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.\n  ADJ


Words: renewal
Meaning:
re.new.al\n   renewal  renewals\n1. If there is a renewal of an activity or a situation, it starts again.\nThey will discuss the possible renewal of diplomatic relations...\n  N-SING: usu N of n\n\n2. The renewal of a document such as a licence or a contract is an official increase in the period of time for which it remains valid.\nHis contract came up for renewal...\n  N-VAR\n\n3. Renewal of something lost, dead, or destroyed is the process of it growing again or being replaced.\n...urban renewal and regeneration...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft supp N


Words: renounce
Meaning:
re.nounce\n   renounce  renounces  renouncing  renounced\n1. If you renounce a belief or a way of behaving, you decide and declare publicly that you no longer have that belief or will no longer behave in that way.\nAfter a period of imprisonment she renounced terrorism...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you renounce a claim, rank, or title, you officially give it up.\nHe renounced his claim to the French throne.\n  VERB: V n\n  = give up


Words: renovate
Meaning:
reno.vate\n   renovate  renovates  renovating  renovated\n  If someone renovates an old building, they repair and improve it and get it back into good condition.\nThe couple spent thousands renovating the house...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  reno.va.tion      renovations\n...a property which will need extensive renovation.\n  N-VAR


Words: renown
Meaning:
re.nown\n   renown\n  A person of renown is well known, usually because they do or have done something good.\nShe used to be a singer of some renown...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft n of N


Words: renowned
Meaning:
re.nowned\n   renowned\n  A person or place that is renowned for something, usually something good, is well known because of it.\nThe area is renowned for its Romanesque churches...\n  ADJ: oft ADJ for/as n


Words: rent
Meaning:
rent  rents  renting  rented\n1. If you rent something, you regularly pay its owner a sum of money in order to be able to have it and use it yourself.\nShe rents a house with three other girls...\nHe left his hotel in a rented car.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed\n\n2. If you rent something to someone, you let them have it and use it in exchange for a sum of money which they pay you regularly.\nShe rented rooms to university students.\n  VERB: V n to n\n\n  Rent out means the same as rent.\nHe rented out his house while he worked abroad...\nHe repaired the boat, and rented it out for $150.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P\n\n3. Rent is the amount of money that you pay regularly to use a house, flat, or piece of land.\nShe worked to pay the rent while I went to college...\n  N-VAR\n\n4. Rent is the past tense and past participle of rend.\n\n5.\n  see also ground rent, peppercorn rent


Words: rent boy
Meaning:
rent boy  rent boys\n  A rent boy is a boy or young man who has sex with men for money. (BRIT INFORMAL)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rent-free
Meaning:
rent-free\n  If you have a rent-free house or office, you do not have to pay anything to use it.\nHe was given a new rent-free apartment.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n  Rent-free is also an adverb.\nThey told James he could no longer live rent-free.\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: rental
Meaning:
rent.al\n   rental  rentals\n1. The rental of something such as a car or piece of equipment is the activity or process of renting it.\nWe can organise car rental from Chicago O’Hare Airport.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl, with supp\n\n2. The rental is the amount of money that you pay when you rent something such as a car, property, or piece of equipment.\nIt has been let at an annual rental of .393,000.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. You use rental to describe things that are connected with the renting out of goods, properties, and services.\nA friend drove her to Oxford, where she picked up a rental car...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: renunciation
Meaning:
re.nun.cia.tion\n   renunciation  renunciations\n1. The renunciation of a belief or a way of behaving is the public declaration that you reject it and have decided to stop having that belief or behaving in that way.\nThe talks were dependent on a renunciation of terrorism.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl\n\n2. The renunciation of a claim, title, or privilege is the act of officially giving it up.\n...the renunciation of territory in the Mediterranean.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. Renunciation is the act of not allowing yourself certain pleasures for moral or religious reasons.\nGandhi exemplified the virtues of renunciation, asceticism and restraint.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = self-denial


Words: reopen
Meaning:
re.open\n   reopen  reopens  reopening  reopened\n1. If you reopen a public building such as a factory, airport, or school, or if it reopens, it opens and starts working again after it has been closed for some time.\nIran reopened its embassy in London...\nThe Theatre Royal, Norwich, will reopen in November.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n2. If police or the courts reopen a legal case, they investigate it again because it has never been solved or because there was something wrong in the way it was investigated before.\nThere was a call today to reopen the investigation into the bombing.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If people or countries reopen talks or negotiations or if talks or negotiations reopen, they begin again after they have stopped for some time.\nBut now high level delegations will reopen talks that broke up earlier this year.\n...the possibility of reopening negotiations with the government...\nMiddle East peace talks reopen in Washington on Wednesday.\n  VERB: V n, V n with n, V\n  = resume\n4. If people or countries reopen ties or relations, they start being friendly again after a time when they were not friendly.\nHe reopened ties with Moscow earlier this year...\nBritain and Argentina reopened diplomatic relations.\n  V-RECIP: V n with n, pl-n V n\n\n5. If something reopens a question or debate, it makes the question or debate relevant again and causes people to start discussing it again.\nHis results are likely to reopen the debate on race and education.\n  VERB: V n\n\n6. If a country reopens a border or route, or if it reopens, it becomes possible to cross or travel along it again after it has been closed.\nJordan reopened its border with Iraq...\nThe important Peking Shanghai route has reopened.\n  VERB: V n, V


Words: reorganize
Meaning:
re.or.gan.ize\n   reorganize  reorganizes  reorganizing  reorganized\nin BRIT, also use reorganise\n  To reorganize something or to reorganize means to change the way in which something is organized, arranged, or done.\nIt is the mother who is expected to reorganize her busy schedule...\nFour thousand troops have been reorganized into a fighting force...\nThey’ll have to reorganise and that might cause them problems.\n  VERB: V n, V n into n, V\n\n=>  re.or.gani.za.tion      reorganizations\n...the reorganization of the legal system...\n  N-VAR


Words: rep
Meaning:
rep  reps\n1. A rep is a person whose job is to sell a company’s products or services, especially by travelling round and visiting other companies. Rep is short for representative.\nI’d been working as a sales rep for a photographic company.\n  N-COUNT: oft supp N\n\n  see also holiday rep\n2. A rep is a person who acts as a representative for a group of people, usually a group of people who work together.\nContact the health and safety rep at your union.\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N\n\n3. In the theatre, rep is the same as repertory.\nA play is tested in rep before ever hitting a West End stage.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repair
Meaning:
re.pair\n   repair  repairs  repairing  repaired\n1. If you repair something that has been damaged or is not working properly, you mend it.\nGoldsmith has repaired the roof to ensure the house is wind-proof...\nA woman drove her car to the garage to have it repaired.\n  VERB: V n, have n V-ed\n\n=>  re.pair.er      repairers\n...TV repairers.\n  N-COUNT: usu n N\n\n2. If you repair a relationship or someone’s reputation after it has been damaged, you do something to improve it.\nThe government continued to try to repair the damage caused by the minister’s interview...\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. A repair is something that you do to mend a machine, building, piece of clothing, or other thing that has been damaged or is not working properly.\nMany women know how to carry out repairs on their cars...\nThere is no doubt now that her marriage is beyond repair.\n  N-VAR\n\n4. If someone repairs to a particular place, they go there. (FORMAL)\nWe then repaired to the pavilion for lunch.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n5. If something such as a building is in good repair, it is in good condition. If it is in bad repair, it is in bad condition.\nThe monks of Ettal keep the abbey in good repair...\n  PHRASE


Words: repairman
Meaning:
re.pair.man\n   repairman  repairmen\n  A repairman is a man who mends broken machines such as televisions and telephones.\n...a cheerful telephone repairman.\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N


Words: reparation
Meaning:
repa.ra.tion\n   reparation  reparations\n1. Reparations are sums of money that are paid after a war by the defeated country for the damage and injuries it caused in other countries.\nIsrael accepted billions of dollars in war reparations.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl\n\n2. Reparation is help or payment that someone gives you for damage, loss, or suffering that they have caused you.\nThere is a clear demand amongst victims for some sort of reparation from offenders.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repartee
Meaning:
rep.ar.tee\n   repartee\n  Repartee is conversation that consists of quick, witty comments and replies.\nShe was good at repartee.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repatriate
Meaning:
re.pat.ri.ate\n   repatriate  repatriates  repatriating  repatriated\n  If a country repatriates someone, it sends them back to their home country.\nIt was not the policy of the government to repatriate genuine refugees...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.pat.ria.tion      repatriations\n...the forced repatriation of Vietnamese boat people.\n  N-VAR


Words: repay
Meaning:
re.pay\n   repay  repays  repaying  repaid\n1. If you repay a loan or a debt, you pay back the money that you owe to the person who you borrowed or took it from.\nHe advanced funds of his own to his company, which was unable to repay him.\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you repay a favour that someone did for you, you do something for them in return.\nIt was very kind. I don’t know how I can ever repay you...\n  VERB: V n


Words: repayable
Meaning:
re.pay.able\n   repayable\n  A loan that is repayable within a certain period of time must be paid back within that time. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use payable)\nThe loan is repayable over twenty years.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ


Words: repayment
Meaning:
re.pay.ment\n   repayment  repayments\n1. Repayments are amounts of money which you pay at regular intervals to a person or organization in order to repay a debt.\nThey were unable to meet their mortgage repayments...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. The repayment of money is the act or process of paying it back to the person you owe it to.\nHe failed to meet last Friday’s deadline for repayment of a .114m loan...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repeal
Meaning:
re.peal\n   repeal  repeals  repealing  repealed\n  If the government repeals a law, it officially ends it, so that it is no longer valid.\nThe government has just repealed the law segregating public facilities.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Repeal is also a noun.\nNext year will be the 60th anniversary of the repeal of Prohibition.\n  N-UNCOUNT: N of n


Words: repeat
Meaning:
re.peat\n   repeat  repeats  repeating  repeated\n1. If you repeat something, you say or write it again. You can say I repeat to show that you feel strongly about what you are repeating.\nHe repeated that he had been mis-quoted...\nThe Libyan leader Colonel Gadaffi repeated his call for the release of hostages...\n`You fool,’ she kept repeating.\n  VERB: V that, V n, V with quote\n\n2. If you repeat something that someone else has said or written, you say or write the same thing, or tell it to another person.\nShe had an irritating habit of repeating everything I said to her...\nI trust you not to repeat that to anyone else...\nNow, brother, repeat after me, `All praise to Allah, Lord of All the Worlds’.\n  VERB: V n, V n to n, V after n with quote\n\n3. If you repeat yourself, you say something which you have said before, usually by mistake.\nThen he started rambling and repeating himself.\n  VERB: V pron-refl\n\n4. If you repeat an action, you do it again.\nThe next day I repeated the procedure...\nHold this position for 30 seconds, release and repeat on the other side.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n5. If an event or series of events repeats itself, it happens again.\nThe UN will have to work hard to stop history repeating itself...\n  VERB: V pron-refl\n\n6. If there is a repeat of an event, usually an undesirable event, it happens again.\nThere were fears that there might be a repeat of last year’s campaign of strikes.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, oft N of n\n  = repetition\n7. If a company gets repeat business or repeat customers, people who have bought their goods or services before buy them again. (BUSINESS)\nNearly 60% of our bookings come from repeat business and personal recommendation.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n8. A repeat is a television or radio programme that has been broadcast before. (BRIT; in AM, use re-run)\nThere’s nothing except sport and repeats on TV.\n  N-COUNT\n\n9. If there is a repeat performance of something, usually something undesirable, it happens again.\nThis year can only see a repeat performance of the decline.\n  PHRASE\n  = repeat


Words: repeat offender
Meaning:
re.peat of.fend.er\n   repeat offender  repeat offenders\n  A repeat offender is someone who commits the same sort of crime more than once.\n  N-COUNT


Words: repeat prescription
Meaning:
re.peat pre.scrip.tion\n   repeat prescription  repeat prescriptions\n  A repeat prescription is a prescription for a medicine that you have taken before or that you use regularly. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: repeated
Meaning:
re.peat.ed\n   repeated\n  Repeated actions or events are ones which happen many times.\nMr Lawssi apparently did not return the money, despite repeated reminders...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  = frequent


Words: repeatedly
Meaning:
re.peat.ed.ly\n   repeatedly\n  If you do something repeatedly, you do it many times.\nBoth men have repeatedly denied the allegations...\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: repel
Meaning:
re.pel\n   repel  repels  repelling  repelled\n1. When an army repels an attack, they successfully fight and drive back soldiers from another army who have attacked them. (FORMAL)\nThey have fifty thousand troops along the border ready to repel any attack.\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. When a magnetic pole repels another magnetic pole, it gives out a force that pushes the other pole away. You can also say that two magnetic poles repel each other or that they repel. (TECHNICAL)\nLike poles repel, unlike poles attract...\nAs these electrons are negatively charged they will attempt to repel each other.\n  V-RECIP: pl-n V, V n\n\n3. If something repels you, you find it horrible and disgusting.\n...a violent excitement that frightened and repelled her.\n  VERB: no cont, V n\n  = revolt\n=>  re.pelled\nShe was very striking but in some way I felt repelled.\n  ADJ


Words: repellent
Meaning:
re.pel.lent\n   repellent  repellents\n\n  The spelling repellant is also used for meaning 2.\n\n1. If you think that something is horrible and disgusting you can say that it is repellent. (FORMAL)\n...a very large, very repellent toad...\n  ADJ\n\n2. Insect repellent is a product containing chemicals that you spray into the air or on your body in order to keep insects away.\n...mosquito repellent.\n  N-MASS: usu n N


Words: repent
Meaning:
re.pent\n   repent  repents  repenting  repented\n  If you repent, you show or say that you are sorry for something wrong you have done.\nThose who refuse to repent, he said, will be punished...\nDid he repent of anything in his life?\n  VERB: V, V of/for n


Words: repentance
Meaning:
re.pent.ance\n   repentance\n  If you show repentance for something wrong that you have done, you make it clear that you are sorry for doing it.\nThey showed no repentance during their trial.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = remorse


Words: repentant
Meaning:
re.pent.ant\n   repentant\n  Someone who is repentant shows or says that they are sorry for something wrong they have done.\nHe was feeling guilty and depressed, repentant and scared.\n  ADJ\n  !=unrepentant


Words: repercussion
Meaning:
re.per.cus.sion\n   repercussion  repercussions\n  If an action or event has repercussions, it causes unpleasant things to happen some time after the original action or event. (FORMAL)\nIt was an effort which was to have painful repercussions...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n  = consequence


Words: repertoire
Meaning:
rep.er.toire\n   repertoire  repertoires\n1. A performer’s repertoire is all the plays or pieces of music that he or she has learned and can perform.\nMeredith D’Ambrosio has thousands of songs in her repertoire.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, with supp\n\n2. The repertoire of a person or thing is all the things of a particular kind that the person or thing is capable of doing.\n...Mike’s impressive repertoire of funny stories...\n  N-SING: with supp


Words: repertory
Meaning:
rep.er.tory\n   repertory\n1. A repertory company is a group of actors and actresses who perform a small number of plays for just a few weeks at a time. They work in a repertory theatre.\n...a well-known repertory company in Boston...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N n\n\n2. A performer’s repertory is all the plays or pieces of music that he or she has learned and can perform.\nHer repertory was vast and to her it seemed that each song told some part of her life.\n  N-SING: usu poss N\n  = repertoire


Words: repetition
Meaning:
rep.eti.tion\n   repetition  repetitions\n1. If there is a repetition of an event, usually an undesirable event, it happens again.\nToday the city government has taken measures to prevent a repetition of last year’s confrontation...\n  N-VAR: usu N of n\n\n2. Repetition means using the same words again.\nHe could also have cut out much of the repetition and thus saved many pages.\n  N-VAR


Words: repetitious
Meaning:
rep.eti.tious\n   repetitious\n  Something that is repetitious involves actions or elements that are repeated many times and is therefore boring.\nThe manifesto is long-winded, repetitious and often ambiguous or poorly drafted.\n  ADJ  disapproval\n  = repetitive


Words: repetitive
Meaning:
re.peti.tive\n   repetitive\n1. Something that is repetitive involves actions or elements that are repeated many times and is therefore boring.\n...factory workers who do repetitive jobs...\n  ADJ  disapproval\n\n2. Repetitive movements or sounds are repeated many times.\n...problems that occur as the result of repetitive movements.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: repetitive strain injury
Meaning:
re.peti.tive strain in.ju.ry\n   repetitive strain injury\n  Repetitive strain injury is the same as RSI.\n...computer users suffering from repetitive strain injury.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rephrase
Meaning:
re.phrase\n   rephrase  rephrases  rephrasing  rephrased\n  If you rephrase a question or statement, you ask it or say it again in a different way.\nAgain, the executive rephrased the question.\n  VERB: V n


Words: replace
Meaning:
re.place\n   replace  replaces  replacing  replaced\n1. If one thing or person replaces another, the first is used or acts instead of the second.\nThe council tax replaces the poll tax next April.\n...the city lawyer who replaced Bob as chairman of the company...\nThe smile disappeared to be replaced by a doleful frown.\n  VERB: V n, V n as n, be V-ed with/by n\n\n2. If you replace one thing or person with another, you put something or someone else in their place to do their job.\nI clean out all the grease and replace it with oil so it works better in very low temperatures...\nThe BBC decided it could not replace her.\n  VERB: V n with/by n, V n\n\n3. If you replace something that is broken, damaged, or lost, you get a new one to use instead.\nThe shower that we put in a few years back has broken and we cannot afford to replace it.\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. If you replace something, you put it back where it was before.\nThe line went dead. Whitlock replaced the receiver...\nReplace the caps on the bottles.\n  VERB: V n, V n prep


Words: replaceable
Meaning:
re.place.able\n   replaceable\n1. If something is replaceable, you can throw it away when it is finished and put a new one in its place.\n...replaceable butane gas cartridges.\n  ADJ\n  = disposable\n2. If you say that someone is replaceable, you mean that they are not so important that someone else could not take their place.\nHe would see I was not so easily replaceable.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ\n  !=irreplaceable


Words: replacement
Meaning:
re.place.ment\n   replacement  replacements\n1. If you refer to the replacement of one thing by another, you mean that the second thing takes the place of the first.\n...the replacement of damaged or lost books.\n  N-UNCOUNT: with supp\n\n  see also hormone replacement therapy\n2. Someone who takes someone else’s place in an organization, government, or team can be referred to as their replacement.\nTaylor has nominated Adams as his replacement...\n  N-COUNT


Words: replacement value
Meaning:
re.place.ment value\n\n  The replacement value of something that you own is the amount of money it would cost you to replace it, for example if it was stolen or damaged.\n  N-SING


Words: replay
Meaning:
re.play\n   replay replays replaying  replayed\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n1. If a match between two sports teams is replayed, the two teams play it again, because neither team won the first time, or because the match was stopped because of bad weather. (mainly BRIT)\nDrawn matches were replayed three or four days later.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n\n  You can refer to a match that is replayed as a replay.\nIf there has to be a replay we are confident of victory.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you replay something that you have recorded on film or tape, you play it again in order to watch it or listen to it.\nHe stopped the machine and replayed the message.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Replay is also a noun.\nI watched a slow-motion videotape replay of his fall.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you replay an event in your mind, you think about it again and again.\nShe spends her nights lying in bed, replaying the fire in her mind.\n  VERB: V n\n\n4.\n  see also action replay, instant replay


Words: replenish
Meaning:
re.plen.ish\n   replenish  replenishes  replenishing  replenished\n  If you replenish something, you make it full or complete again. (FORMAL)\nThree hundred thousand tons of cereals are needed to replenish stocks...\n  VERB: V n


Words: replenishment
Meaning:
re.plen.ish.ment\n   replenishment\n  Replenishment is the process by which something is made full or complete again. (FORMAL)\nThere is a concern about replenishment of the population.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp


Words: replete
Meaning:
re.plete\n   replete\n1. To be replete with something means to be full of it. (FORMAL)\nThe Harbor was replete with boats...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ with n\n\n2. If you are replete, you are pleasantly full of food and drink. (FORMAL)\nReplete, guests can then retire to the modern conservatory for coffee.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ


Words: replica
Meaning:
rep.li.ca\n   replica  replicas\n  A replica of something such as a statue, building, or weapon is an accurate copy of it.\n...a human-sized replica of the Statue of Liberty...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n


Words: replicate
Meaning:
rep.li.cate\n   replicate  replicates  replicating  replicated\n  If you replicate someone’s experiment, work, or research, you do it yourself in exactly the same way. (FORMAL)\nHe invited her to his laboratory to see if she could replicate the experiment.\n  VERB: V n\n  = duplicate


Words: reply
Meaning:
re.ply\n   reply  replies  replying  replied\n1. When you reply to something that someone has said or written to you, you say or write an answer to them.\n`That’s a nice dress,’ said Michael. `Thanks,’ she replied solemnly...\nHe replied that this was absolutely impossible...\nGrace was too terrified to reply...\nTo their surprise, hundreds replied to the advertisement.\n  VERB: V with quote, V that, V, V to n\n  = answer\n2. A reply is something that you say or write when you answer someone or answer a letter or advertisement.\nI called out a challenge, but there was no reply...\nDavid has had 12 replies to his ad...\nHe said in reply that the question was unfair.\n  N-COUNT: oft N to/from n, also in N\n  = response\n3. If you reply to something such as an attack with violence or with another action, you do something in response.\nFarmers threw eggs and empty bottles at police, who replied with tear gas...\nThe National Salvation Front has already replied to this series of opposition moves with its own demonstrations.\n  VERB: V with n, V to n with n


Words: report
Meaning:
re.port\n   report  reports  reporting  reported\n1. If you report something that has happened, you tell people about it.\nThey had been called in to clear drains after local people reported a foul smell...\nI reported the theft to the police...\nThe officials also reported that two more ships were apparently heading for Malta...\n`He seems to be all right now,’ reported a relieved Taylor...\nThe foreign secretary is reported as saying that force will have to be used if diplomacy fails...\nShe reported him missing the next day...\nBetween forty and fifty people are reported to have died in the fighting.\n  VERB: V n, V n to n, V that, V with quote, be V-ed as -ing/-ed, V n adj, be V-ed to-inf\n\n2. If you report on an event or subject, you tell people about it, because it is your job or duty to do so.\nMany journalists enter the country to report on political affairs...\nI’ll now call at the vicarage and report to you in due course.\n  VERB: V on n, V to n\n\n3. A report is a news article or broadcast which gives information about something that has just happened.\n...a report in London’s Independent newspaper...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n4. A report is an official document which a group of people issue after investigating a situation or event.\nAfter an inspection, the inspectors must publish a report.\n  N-COUNT: oft N on n, N by n\n\n5. If you give someone a report on something, you tell them what has been happening.\nShe came back to give us a progress report on how the project is going...\n  N-COUNT\n\n6. If you say that there are reports that something has happened, you mean that some people say it has happened but you have no direct evidence of it.\nThere are unconfirmed reports that two people have been shot in the neighbouring town of Lalitpur...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl, N of n, N that\n\n7. If someone reports you to a person in authority, they tell that person about something wrong that you have done.\nHis ex-wife reported him to police a few days later...\nThe Princess was reported for speeding twice on the same road within a week.\n  VERB: V n to n, be V-ed for -ing\n\n8. If you report to a person or place, you go to that person or place and say that you are ready to start work or say that you are present.\nMr Ashwell has to surrender his passport and report to the police every five days...\nNone of the men had reported for duty.\n  VERB: V to n, V for n\n\n9. If you say that one employee reports to another, you mean that the first employee is told what to do by the second one and is responsible to them. (FORMAL)\nHe reported to a section chief, who reported to a division chief, and so on up the line.\n  VERB: no cont, V to n\n\n10. A school report is an official written account of how well or how badly a pupil has done during the term or year that has just finished. (BRIT; in AM, use report card)\nAnd now she was getting bad school reports.\n  N-COUNT\n\n11. A report is a sudden loud noise, for example the sound of a gun being fired or an explosion. (FORMAL)\nSoon afterwards there was a loud report as the fuel tanks exploded.\n  N-COUNT\n\n12.\n  see also reporting


Words: report back
Meaning:
report back\n1. If you report back to someone, you tell them about something that they asked you to find out about.\nThe teams are due to report back to the Prime Minister early next year...\nI’ll report back the moment I have located him...\nHe would, of course, report back on all deliberations...\nThe repairman reported back that the computer had a virus.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P to n, V P, V P on n, V P that, also V n P, V P n (not pron)\n\n2. If you report back to a place, you go back there and say that you are ready to start work or say that you are present.\nThe authorities have ordered all soldiers who have returned from the front line to report back to barracks...\nThey were sent home and told to report back in the afternoon.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P to n, V P, also V P for n


Words: report card
Meaning:
re.port card\n   report card  report cards\n1. A report card is an official written account of how well or how badly a pupil has done during the term or year that has just finished. (AM; in BRIT, use report)\nThe only time I got their attention was when I brought home straight A’s on my report card.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A report card is a report on how well a person, organization, or country has been doing recently. (AM JOURNALISM)\nThe President today issued his final report card on the state of the economy.\n  N-COUNT


Words: report structure
Meaning:
re.port struc.ture\n   report structure  report structures\n  A report structure is a structure containing a reporting clause and a reported clause or a quote. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: reportage
Meaning:
re.port.age\n   reportage\n  Reportage is the reporting of news and other events of general interest for newspapers, television, and radio. (FORMAL)\n...the magazine’s acclaimed mix of reportage and fashion.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reported clause
Meaning:
re.port.ed clause\n   reported clause  reported clauses\n  A reported clause is a subordinate clause that indicates what someone said or thought. For example, in `She said that she was hungry’, `she was hungry’ is a reported clause. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: reported question
Meaning:
re.port.ed ques.tion\n   reported question  reported questions\n  A reported question is a question which is reported using a clause beginning with a word such as `why’ or `whether’, as in `I asked her why she’d done it’. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT\n  = indirect question


Words: reported speech
Meaning:
re.port.ed speech\n   reported speech\n  Reported speech is speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the person’s actual words: for example, `They said you didn’t like it’, `I asked him what his plans were’, and `Citizens complained about the smoke’. (BRIT; in AM, use indirect discourse)\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = indirect speech


Words: reportedly
Meaning:
re.port.ed.ly\n   reportedly\n  If you say that something is reportedly true, you mean that someone has said that it is true, but you have no direct evidence of it. (FORMAL)\nMore than two hundred people have reportedly been killed in the past week’s fighting...\n  ADV: ADV with cl/group, ADV before v  vagueness


Words: reporter
Meaning:
re.port.er\n   reporter  reporters\n  A reporter is someone who writes news articles or who broadcasts news reports.\n...a TV reporter.\n...a trainee sports reporter...\n  N-COUNT


Words: reporting
Meaning:
re.port.ing\n   reporting\n  Reporting is the presenting of news in newspapers, on radio, and on television.\n...honest and impartial political reporting.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reporting clause
Meaning:
re.port.ing clause\n   reporting clause  reporting clauses\n  A reporting clause is a clause which indicates that you are talking about what someone said or thought. For example, in `She said that she was hungry’, `She said’ is a reporting clause. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: repose
Meaning:
re.pose\n   repose\n  Repose is a state in which you are resting and feeling calm. (LITERARY)\nHe had a still, almost blank face in repose...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reposition
Meaning:
re.po.si.tion\n   reposition  repositions  repositioning  repositioned\n1. To reposition an object means to move it to another place or to change its position.\nIt is not possible to reposition the carpet without damaging it.\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. To reposition something such as a product or service means to try to interest more or different people in it, for example by changing certain things about it or the way it is marketed.\nThe sell-off is aimed at repositioning the company as a publisher principally of business information...\nMazda needs to reposition itself if it is to boost its sales and reputation.\n  VERB: V n, V pron-refl


Words: repository
Meaning:
re.posi.tory\n   repository  repositories\n  A repository is a place where something is kept safely. (FORMAL)\nA church in Moscow became a repository for police files.\n  N-COUNT: usu N for n\n  = store


Words: repossess
Meaning:
re.pos.sess\n   repossess  repossesses  repossessing  repossessed\n  If your car or house is repossessed, the people who supplied it take it back because they are still owed money for it.\nHis car was repossessed by the company...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed


Words: repossession
Meaning:
re.pos.ses.sion\n   repossession  repossessions\n1. The repossession of someone’s house is the act of repossessing it.\n...the problem of home repossessions.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. You can refer to a house or car that has been repossessed as a repossession.\nMany of the cars you will see at auction are repossessions.\n  N-COUNT


Words: repossession order
Meaning:
re.pos.ses.sion or.der\n   repossession order  repossession orders\n  If a bank or building society issues a repossession order, they officially tell someone that they are going to repossess their home. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: repot
Meaning:
re.pot\n   repot  repots  repotting  repotted\n  If you repot a plant, you take it out of its pot and put it in a larger one.\nAs your plants flourish, you’ll need to repot them in bigger pots.\n  VERB: V n


Words: reprehensible
Meaning:
rep.re.hen.sible\n   reprehensible\n  If you think that a type of behaviour or an idea is very bad and morally wrong, you can say that it is reprehensible. (FORMAL)\nMr Cramer said the violence by anti-government protestors was reprehensible.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ


Words: represent
Meaning:
rep.re.sent\n   represent  represents  representing  represented\n1. If someone such as a lawyer or a politician represents a person or group of people, they act on behalf of that person or group.\n...the politicians we elect to represent us...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you represent a person or group at an official event, you go there on their behalf.\nThe general secretary may represent the president at official ceremonies.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If you represent your country or town in a competition or sports event, you take part in it on behalf of the country or town where you live.\nMy only aim is to represent Britain at the Olympics.\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. If a group of people or things is well represented in a particular activity or in a particular place, a lot of them can be found there.\nWomen are already well represented in the area of TV drama...\nIn New Mexico all kinds of cuisines are represented.\n  V-PASSIVE: be adv V-ed, be V-ed\n\n5. If you say that something represents a change, achievement, or victory, you mean that it is a change, achievement, or victory. (FORMAL or WRITTEN)\nThese developments represented a major change in the established order.\n  V-LINK: V n\n\n6. If a sign or symbol represents something, it is accepted as meaning that thing.\n...a black dot in the middle of the circle is supposed to represent the source of the radiation.\n  VERB: no cont, V n\n  = symbolize\n7. To represent an idea or quality means to be a symbol or an expression of that idea or quality.\nWe believe you represent everything British racing needs.\n  VERB: no cont, no passive, V n\n  = embody\n8. If you represent a person or thing as a particular thing, you describe them as being that thing.\nThe popular press tends to represent him as an environmental guru.\n  VERB: V n as n\n  = portray


Words: representation
Meaning:
rep.re.sen.ta.tion\n   representation  representations\n1. If a group or person has representation in a parliament or on a committee, someone in the parliament or on the committee supports them and makes decisions on their behalf.\nPuerto Ricans are U.S. citizens but they have no representation in Congress.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N prep\n\n  see also proportional representation\n2. You can describe a picture, model, or statue of a person or thing as a representation of them. (FORMAL)\n...a lifelike representation of Christ...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n\n3. If you make representations to a government or other official group, you make formal complaints or requests to them.\nWe have made representations to ministers but they just don’t seem to be listening.\n  N-PLURAL: oft N to/from n


Words: representational
Meaning:
rep.re.sen.ta.tion.al\n   representational\n  In a representational painting, the artist attempts to show things as they really are. (FORMAL)\nHis painting went through both representational and abstract periods.\n  ADJ


Words: representative
Meaning:
rep.re.senta.tive\n   representative  representatives\n1. A representative is a person who has been chosen to act or make decisions on behalf of another person or a group of people.\n...trade union representatives...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A representative is a person whose job is to sell a company’s products or services, especially by travelling round and visiting other companies. (FORMAL)\nShe had a stressful job as a sales representative.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n3. A representative group consists of a small number of people who have been chosen to make decisions on behalf of a larger group.\nThe new head of state should be chosen by an 87 member representative council.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n4. Someone who is typical of the group to which they belong can be described as representative.\nHe was in no way representative of dog-trainers in general.\n  ADJ: oft ADJ of n\n\n=>  rep.re.senta.tive.ness\n...a process designed to ensure the representativeness of the sample interviewed.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n5. In the United States, a Representative is a member of the House of Representatives, the less powerful of the two parts of Congress.\n  N-COUNT\n\n6.\n  see also House of Representatives


Words: repress
Meaning:
re.press\n   repress  represses  repressing  repressed\n1. If you repress a feeling, you make a deliberate effort not to show or have this feeling.\nIt is anger that is repressed that leads to violence and loss of control.\n...repressed aggression.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed\n  = suppress\n2. If you repress a smile, sigh, or moan, you try hard not to smile, sigh, or moan.\nI couldn’t repress a sigh of admiration.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If a section of society is repressed, their freedom is restricted by the people who have authority over them.\n...a UN resolution banning him from repressing his people.\n  VERB: V n  disapproval


Words: repressed
Meaning:
re.pressed\n   repressed\n  A repressed person is someone who does not allow themselves to have natural feelings and desires, especially sexual ones.\nSome have charged that the Puritans were sexually repressed and inhibited.\n  ADJ


Words: repression
Meaning:
re.pres.sion\n   repression  repressions\n1. Repression is the use of force to restrict and control a society or other group of people.\n...a society conditioned by violence and repression.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl  disapproval\n  = oppression\n2. Repression of feelings, especially sexual ones, is a person’s unwillingness to allow themselves to have natural feelings and desires.\n...the repression of his feelings about men.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repressive
Meaning:
re.pres.sive\n   repressive\n  A repressive government is one that restricts people’s freedom and controls them by using force.\nThe military regime in power was unpopular and repressive.\n  ADJ  disapproval\n\n=>  re.pres.sive.ly\n...the country, which had been repressively ruled for ten years.\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: reprieve
Meaning:
re.prieve\n   reprieve  reprieves  reprieving reprieved\n1. If someone who has been sentenced in a court is reprieved, their punishment is officially delayed or cancelled.\nFourteen people, waiting to be hanged for the murder of a former prime minister, have been reprieved.\n  VERB: usu passive, no cont, be V-ed\n\n  Reprieve is also a noun\nA man awaiting death by lethal injection has been saved by a last minute reprieve.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. A reprieve is a delay before a very unpleasant or difficult situation which may or may not take place.\nIt looked as though the college would have to shut, but this week it was given a reprieve.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing


Words: reprimand
Meaning:
rep.ri.mand\n   reprimand  reprimands  reprimanding  reprimanded\n  If someone is reprimanded, they are spoken to angrily or seriously for doing something wrong, usually by a person in authority. (FORMAL)\nHe was reprimanded by a teacher for talking in the corridor...\nHer attempts to reprimand him were quickly shouted down.\n  VERB: be V-ed for -ing, V n\n\n  Reprimand is also a noun.\nHe has been fined five thousand pounds and given a severe reprimand.\n  N-VAR


Words: reprint
Meaning:
re.print\n   reprint reprints reprinting  reprinted\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n1. If a book is reprinted, further copies of it are printed when all the other ones have been sold.\nIt remained an exceptionally rare book until it was reprinted in 1918.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n\n2. A reprint is a process in which new copies of a book or article are printed because all the other ones have been sold.\nDemand picked up and a reprint was required last November.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A reprint is a new copy of a book or article, printed because all the other ones have been sold or because minor changes have been made to the original.\n...a reprint of a 1962 novel.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reprisal
Meaning:
re.pris.al\n   reprisal  reprisals\n  If you do something to a person in reprisal, you hurt or punish them because they have done something violent or unpleasant to you.\nWitnesses are unwilling to testify through fear of reprisals.\n  N-VAR\n  = retaliation


Words: reprise
Meaning:
re.prise\n   reprise  reprises  reprising  reprised\n  In music, if there is a reprise, an earlier section of music is repeated.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reproach
Meaning:
re.proach\n   reproach  reproaches  reproaching  reproached\n1. If you reproach someone, you say or show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong.\nShe is quick to reproach anyone who doesn’t live up to her own high standards...\nShe had not even reproached him for breaking his promise.\n  VERB: V n, V n for -ing\n\n2. If you look at or speak to someone with reproach, you show or say that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong.\nHe looked at her with reproach...\nWomen in public life must be beyond reproach.\n  N-VAR\n\n3. If you reproach yourself, you think with regret about something you have done wrong.\nYou’ve no reason to reproach yourself, no reason to feel shame...\nWe begin to reproach ourselves for not having been more careful.\n  VERB: V pron-refl, V pron-refl for -ing\n  = blame


Words: reproachful
Meaning:
re.proach.ful\n   reproachful\n  Reproachful expressions or remarks show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because someone has done something wrong.\nShe gave Isabelle a reproachful look...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.proach.ful.ly\nLuke’s mother stopped smiling and looked reproachfully at him.\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: reprobate
Meaning:
rep.ro.bate\n   reprobate  reprobates\n  If you describe someone as a reprobate, you mean that they behave in a way that is not respectable or morally correct. (OLD-FASHIONED)\n...a drunken reprobate.\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: reproduce
Meaning:
re.pro.duce\n   reproduce  reproduces  reproducing  reproduced\n1. If you try to reproduce something, you try to copy it.\nI shall not try to reproduce the policemen’s English...\nThe effect has proved hard to reproduce.\n  VERB: V n, V n\n\n2. If you reproduce a picture, speech, or a piece of writing, you make a photograph or printed copy of it.\nWe are grateful to you for permission to reproduce this article.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If you reproduce an action or an achievement, you repeat it.\nIf we can reproduce the form we have shown in the last couple of months we will be successful.\n  VERB: V n\n  = repeat\n4. When people, animals, or plants reproduce, they produce young.\n...a society where women are defined by their ability to reproduce...\nWe are reproducing ourselves at such a rate that our numbers threaten the ecology of the planet.\n  VERB: V, V pron-refl\n\n=>  re.pro.duc.tion\nGenes are those tiny bits of biological information swapped in sexual reproduction.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reproduction
Meaning:
re.pro.duc.tion\n   reproduction  reproductions\n1. A reproduction is a copy of something such as a piece of furniture or a work of art.\n...a reproduction of a popular religious painting.\n  N-COUNT: oft N n\n\n  see also reproduce\n2. Sound reproduction is the recording of sound onto tapes, CDs, or films so that it can be heard by a large number of people.\n...the increasingly high technology of music reproduction.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reproductive
Meaning:
re.pro.duc.tive\n   reproductive\n  Reproductive processes and organs are concerned with the reproduction of living things.\n...the female reproductive system.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: reproof
Meaning:
re.proof\n   reproof  reproofs\n  If you say or do something in reproof, you say or do it to show that you disapprove of what someone has done or said. (FORMAL)\nShe raised her eyebrows in reproof.\n...a reproof that she responded to right away.\n  N-VAR


Words: reprove
Meaning:
re.prove\n   reprove  reproves  reproving  reproved\n  If you reprove someone, you speak angrily or seriously to them because they have behaved in a wrong or foolish way. (FORMAL)\n`There’s no call for talk like that,’ Mrs Evans reproved him...\nWomen were reproved if they did not wear hats in court.\n  VERB: V with quote, V n\n  = admonish


Words: reproving
Meaning:
re.prov.ing\n   reproving\n  If you give someone a reproving look or speak in a reproving voice, you show or say that you think they have behaved in a wrong or foolish way. (FORMAL)\n`Flatterer,’ she said giving him a mock reproving look.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  reprov.ing.ly\n`I’m trying to sleep,’ he lied, speaking reprovingly.\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: reptile
Meaning:
rep.tile\n   reptile  reptiles\n  Reptiles are a group of cold-blooded animals which have skins covered with small hard plates called scales and lay eggs. Snakes, lizards, and crocodiles are reptiles.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reptilian
Meaning:
rep.til.ian\n   reptilian\n1. A reptilian creature is a reptile.\n...a prehistoric jungle occupied by reptilian creatures.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. You can also use the word reptilian to describe something that is characteristic of a reptile or that is like a reptile.\nThe chick is ugly and almost reptilian in its appearance.\n  ADJ


Words: republic
Meaning:
re.pub.lic\n   republic  republics\n  A republic is a country where power is held by the people or the representatives that they elect. Republics have presidents who are elected, rather than kings or queens.\n...the Baltic republics.\n...the Republic of Ireland.\n  N-COUNT: oft in names\n\n  see also banana republic


Words: republican
Meaning:
re.pub.li.can\n   republican  republicans\n1. Republican means relating to a republic. In republican systems of government, power is held by the people or the representatives that they elect.\n...the nations that had adopted the republican form of government.\n  ADJ\n\n2. In the United States, if someone is Republican, they belong to or support the Republican Party.\n...Republican voters...\nSome families have been republican for generations.\n  ADJ\n\n  A Republican is someone who supports or belongs to the Republican Party.\nWhat made you decide to become a Republican?\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. In Northern Ireland, if someone is Republican, they believe that Northern Ireland should not be ruled by Britain but should become part of the Republic of Ireland.\n...a Republican paramilitary group.\n  ADJ\n\n  A Republican is someone who has Republican views.\n...a Northern Ireland republican.\n  N-COUNT


Words: Republican Party
Meaning:
Re.pub.li.can Par.ty\n   Republican Party\n  The Republican Party is one of the two main political parties in the United States. It is more right-wing or conservative than the Democratic Party.\n  N-PROPER


Words: republicanism
Meaning:
re.pub.li.can.ism\n   republicanism\n1. Republicanism is the belief that the best system of government is a republic.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. Republicanism is support for or membership of the Republican Party in the United States.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: repudiate
Meaning:
re.pu.di.ate\n   repudiate  repudiates  repudiating  repudiated\n  If you repudiate something or someone, you show that you strongly disagree with them and do not want to be connected with them in any way. (FORMAL or WRITTEN)\nLeaders urged people to turn out in large numbers to repudiate the violence...\n  VERB: V n\n  = denounce\n=>  re.pu.dia.tion      repudiations\n...his public repudiation of the conference decision.\n  N-VAR\n  = denunciation


Words: repugnant
Meaning:
re.pug.nant\n   repugnant\n  If you think that something is horrible and disgusting, you can say that it is repugnant. (FORMAL)\nThe odour of vitamin in skin is repugnant to insects...\n  ADJ: oft ADJ to n\n\n=>  re.pug.nance\nShe felt a deep sense of shame and repugnance.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = disgust


Words: repulse
Meaning:
re.pulse\n   repulse  repulses  repulsing  repulsed\n1. If you are repulsed by something, you think that it is horrible and disgusting and you want to avoid it.\nEvil has charisma. Though people are repulsed by it, they also are drawn to its power.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n  = repel  !=attract\n2. If an army or other group repulses a group of people, they drive it back using force.\nThe armed forces were prepared to repulse any attacks.\n  VERB: V n


Words: repulsion
Meaning:
re.pul.sion\n   repulsion\n  Repulsion is an extremely strong feeling of disgust.\nShe gave a dramatic shudder of repulsion.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = revulsion


Words: repulsive
Meaning:
re.pul.sive\n   repulsive\n  If you describe something or someone as repulsive, you mean that they are horrible and disgusting and you want to avoid them.\n...repulsive fat white slugs.\n  ADJ\n  = revolting, disgusting\n=>  re.pul.sive.ly\n...a repulsively large rat.\n  ADV: ADV adj


Words: reputable
Meaning:
repu.table\n   reputable\n  A reputable company or person is reliable and can be trusted.\nYou are well advised to buy your car through a reputable dealer.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: reputation
Meaning:
repu.ta.tion\n   reputation  reputations\n1. To have a reputation for something means to be known or remembered for it.\nAlice Munro has a reputation for being a very depressing writer.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n2. Something’s or someone’s reputation is the opinion that people have about how good they are. If they have a good reputation, people think they are good.\nThe stories ruined his reputation.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n3. If you know someone by reputation, you have never met them but you have heard of their reputation.\nShe was by reputation a good organiser.\n  PHRASE


Words: repute
Meaning:
re.pute\n   repute\n1. A person or thing of repute or of high repute is respected and known to be good. (FORMAL)\nHe was a writer of repute...\n  PHRASE: n PHR\n\n2. A person’s or organization’s repute is their reputation, especially when this is good. (FORMAL)\nUnder his stewardship, the UN’s repute has risen immeasurably.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp\n  = reputation


Words: reputed
Meaning:
re.put.ed\n   reputed\n  If you say that something is reputed to be true, you mean that people say it is true, but you do not know if it is definitely true. (FORMAL)\nThe monster, which is reputed to live in the deep dark water of a Scottish loch...\n  V-PASSIVE: be V-ed to-inf  vagueness\n\n=>  re.put.ed.ly\nHe reputedly earns two million pounds a year...\n  ADV: ADV with cl/group, ADV before v


Words: request
Meaning:
re.quest\n   request  requests  requesting  requested\n1. If you request something, you ask for it politely or formally. (FORMAL)\nMr Dennis said he had requested access to a telephone...\nShe had requested that the door to her room be left open.\n  VERB: V n, V that\n\n2. If you request someone to do something, you politely or formally ask them to do it. (FORMAL)\nStudents are requested to park at the rear of the Department.\n  VERB: V n to-inf\n\n3. If you make a request, you politely or formally ask someone to do something.\nFrance had agreed to his request for political asylum...\n  N-COUNT: oft N for n, N that/to-inf\n\n4. A request is a song or piece of music which someone has asked a performer or disc jockey to play.\nIf you have any requests, I’d be happy to play them for you.\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. If you do something at someone’s request, you do it because they have asked you to.\nThe evacuation is being organised at the request of the United Nations Secretary General.\n  PHRASE\n\n6. If something is given or done on request, it is given or done whenever you ask for it.\nLeaflets giving details are available on request...\n  PHRASE


Words: requiem
Meaning:
requi.em\n   requiem  requiems\n1. A requiem or a requiem mass is a Catholic church service in memory of someone who has recently died.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A requiem is a piece of music for singers and musicians that can be performed either as part of a requiem mass or as part of a concert.\n...a performance of Verdi’s Requiem.\n  N-COUNT: oft in names


Words: require
Meaning:
re.quire\n   require  requires  requiring  required\n1. If you require something or if something is required, you need it or it is necessary. (FORMAL)\nIf you require further information, you should consult the registrar...\nThis isn’t the kind of crisis that requires us to drop everything else...\nSome of the materials required for this technique may be difficult to obtain.\n  VERB: V n, V n to-inf, V-ed\n\n2. If a law or rule requires you to do something, you have to do it. (FORMAL)\nThe rules also require employers to provide safety training...\nAt least 35 manufacturers have flouted a law requiring prompt reporting of such malfunctions...\nThe law now requires that parents serve on the committees that plan and evaluate school programs...\nThen he’ll know exactly what’s required of him.\n  VERB: V n to-inf, V n, V that, be V-ed of n\n\n3. If you say that something is required reading for a particular group of people, you mean that you think it is essential for them to read it because it will give them information which they should have.\n...an important research study that should be required reading for every member of the cabinet.\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR, oft PHR for n


Words: requirement
Meaning:
re.quire.ment\n   requirement  requirements\n1. A requirement is a quality or qualification that you must have in order to be allowed to do something or to be suitable for something.\nIts products met all legal requirements...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n2. Your requirements are the things that you need. (FORMAL)\nVariations of this programme can be arranged to suit your requirements.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl, usu with supp


Words: requisite
Meaning:
requi.site\n   requisite  requisites\n1. You can use requisite to indicate that something is necessary for a particular purpose. (FORMAL)\nShe filled in the requisite paperwork.\n  ADJ: usu the ADJ n\n\n2. A requisite is something which is necessary for a particular purpose. (FORMAL)\nAn understanding of accounting techniques is a major requisite for the work of the analysts.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp


Words: requisition
Meaning:
requi.si.tion\n   requisition  requisitions  requisitioning  requisitioned\n1. If people in authority requisition a vehicle, building, or food, they formally demand it and take it for official use. (FORMAL)\nAuthorities requisitioned hotel rooms to lodge more than 3,000 stranded Christmas vacationers.\n  VERB: V n\n  = commandeer\n2. A requisition is a written document which allows a person or organization to obtain goods.\n...a requisition for a replacement typewriter.\n  N-COUNT


Words: resale
Meaning:
re.sale\n   resale\n  The resale price of something that you own is the amount of money that you would get if you sold it.\n...a well-maintained used car with a good resale value.\n  N-UNCOUNT: N n


Words: reschedule
Meaning:
re.sched.ule\n   reschedule  reschedules  rescheduling  rescheduled\n1. If someone reschedules an event, they change the time at which it is supposed to happen.\nSince I’ll be away, I’d like to reschedule the meeting...\nThey’ve rescheduled the vigil for February 14th...\n  VERB: V n, V n for/to n\n\n=>  re.sched.ul.ing      reschedulings\nAll this could lead up to a rescheduling of the trip to Asia.\n  N-VAR: usu N of n\n\n2. To reschedule a debt means to arrange for the person, organization, or country that owes money to pay it back over a longer period because they are in financial difficulty.\n...companies that have gone bust or had to reschedule their debts...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.sched.ul.ing\nThe President is also expected to request a rescheduling of loan repayments.\n  N-VAR: usu N of n


Words: rescind
Meaning:
re.scind\n   rescind  rescinds  rescinding  rescinded\n  If a government or a group of people in power rescind a law or agreement, they officially withdraw it and state that it is no longer valid. (FORMAL)\nTrade Union leaders have demanded the government rescind the price rise.\n  VERB: V n


Words: rescue
Meaning:
res.cue\n   rescue  rescues  rescuing  rescued\n1. If you rescue someone, you get them out of a dangerous or unpleasant situation.\nHelicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  res.cu.er      rescuers\nIt took rescuers 90 minutes to reach the trapped men.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Rescue is help which gets someone out of a dangerous or unpleasant situation.\nA big rescue operation has been launched for a trawler missing in the English Channel.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n\n\n3. A rescue is an attempt to save someone from a dangerous or unpleasant situation.\nA major air-sea rescue is under way...\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. If you go to someone’s rescue or come to their rescue, you help them when they are in danger or difficulty.\nThe 23-year-old’s screams alerted a passerby who went to her rescue...\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: research
Meaning:
re.search\n   research  researches  researching  researched\n1. Research is work that involves studying something and trying to discover facts about it.\n65 percent of the 1987 budget went for nuclear weapons research and production.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl\n\n2. If you research something, you try to discover facts about it.\nShe spent two years in South Florida researching and filming her documentary...\nSo far we haven’t been able to find anything, but we’re still researching.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n=>  re.search.er      researchers\nHe chose to join the company as a market researcher.\n  N-COUNT


Words: research fellow
Meaning:
re.search fel.low\n   research fellow  research fellows\n  A research fellow is a member of an academic institution whose job is to do research.\n  N-COUNT


Words: resell
Meaning:
re.sell\n   resell  resells  reselling  resold\n  If you resell something that you have bought, you sell it again.\nShopkeepers buy them in bulk and resell them for .150 each...\nIt makes sense to buy at dealer prices so you can maximize your profits if you resell.\n  VERB: V n, V


Words: resemblance
Meaning:
re.sem.blance\n   resemblance  resemblances\n  If there is a resemblance between two people or things, they are similar to each other.\nThere was a remarkable resemblance between him and Pete...\n  N-VAR: oft adj N, N between/to n\n  = similarity


Words: resemble
Meaning:
re.sem.ble\n   resemble  resembles  resembling  resembled\n  If one thing or person resembles another, they are similar to each other.\nSome of the commercially produced venison resembles beef in flavour...\n  VERB: no cont, V n


Words: resent
Meaning:
re.sent\n   resent  resents  resenting  resented\n  If you resent someone or something, you feel bitter and angry about them.\nShe resents her mother for being so tough on her...\n  VERB: V n/-ing


Words: resentful
Meaning:
re.sent.ful\n   resentful\n  If you are resentful, you feel resentment.\nAt first I felt very resentful and angry about losing my job...\n  ADJ\n  = aggrieved\n=>  re.sent.ful.ly\nFor a moment she continued to look at him resentfully.\n  ADV: usu ADV with v


Words: resentment
Meaning:
re.sent.ment\n   resentment  resentments\n  Resentment is bitterness and anger that someone feels about something.\nShe expressed resentment at being interviewed by a social worker...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl


Words: reservation
Meaning:
res.er.va.tion\n   reservation  reservations\n1. If you have reservations about something, you are not sure that it is entirely good or right.\nI told him my main reservation about his film was the ending...\n  N-VAR: oft N about n\n\n2. If you make a reservation, you arrange for something such as a table in a restaurant or a room in a hotel to be kept for you.\nHe went to the desk to make a reservation...\n  N-COUNT\n  = booking\n3. A reservation is an area of land that is kept separate for a particular group of people to live in.\nSeventeen thousand Indians live in Arizona on a reservation.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4.\n  see also central reservation


Words: reserve
Meaning:
re.serve\n   reserve  reserves  reserving  reserved\n1. If something is reserved for a particular person or purpose, it is kept specially for that person or purpose.\nA double room with a balcony overlooking the sea had been reserved for him...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed for n\n  = set aside\n2. If you reserve something such as a table, ticket, or magazine, you arrange for it to be kept specially for you, rather than sold or given to someone else.\nI’ll reserve a table for five...\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. A reserve is a supply of something that is available for use when it is needed.\nThe Gulf has 65 per cent of the world’s oil reserves...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n4. In sports, a reserve is someone who is available to play as part of a team if one of the members is ill or cannot play. (mainly BRIT; in AM, use substitute)\nHe ended up as a reserve, but still qualified for a team gold medal.\n  N-COUNT\n  = substitute\n5. A nature reserve is an area of land where the animals, birds, and plants are officially protected.\nMarine biologists are calling for Cardigan Bay to be created a marine nature reserve to protect the dolphins.\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N\n\n6. If someone shows reserve, they keep their feelings hidden.\nHis natural reserve made him appear self-conscious.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n7. If you have something in reserve, you have it available for use when it is needed.\n...the bottle of whisky that he kept in reserve...\n  PHRASE: PHR after v\n\n8.\nto reserve judgment: see judgment\nto reserve the right: see right


Words: reserve price
Meaning:
re.serve price\n   reserve price  reserve prices\n  A reserve price is the lowest price which is acceptable to the owner of property being auctioned or sold. (BRIT BUSINESS)\n  N-COUNT


Words: reserved
Meaning:
re.served\n   reserved\n1. Someone who is reserved keeps their feelings hidden.\nHe was unemotional, quite quiet, and reserved...\n  ADJ\n\n2. A table in a restaurant or a seat in a theatre that is reserved is being kept for someone rather than given or sold to anyone else.\nSeats, or sometimes entire tables, were reserved.\n  ADJ


Words: reservist
Meaning:
re.serv.ist\n   reservist  reservists\n  Reservists are soldiers who are not serving in the regular army of a country, but who can be called to serve whenever they are needed.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reservoir
Meaning:
res.er.voir\n   reservoir  reservoirs\n1. A reservoir is a lake that is used for storing water before it is supplied to people.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A reservoir of something is a large quantity of it that is available for use when needed.\n...the huge oil reservoir beneath the Kuwaiti desert.\n  N-COUNT: with supp, oft N of n, adj N


Words: reset
Meaning:
re.set\n   reset  resets  resetting\n  If you reset a machine or device, you adjust or set it, so that it is ready to work again or ready to perform a particular function.\nAs soon as you arrive at your destination, step out of the aircraft and reset your wrist-watch.\n  VERB: V n\n  The form reset is used in the present tense and is the past tense and past participle.


Words: resettle
Meaning:
re.set.tle\n   resettle  resettles  resettling  resettled\n  If people are resettled by a government or organization, or if people resettle, they move to a different place to live because they are no longer able or allowed to stay in the area where they used to live.\nThe refugees were put in camps in Italy before being resettled...\nIn 1990, 200,000 Soviet Jews resettled on Israeli territory.\n  VERB: be V-ed, V


Words: resettlement
Meaning:
re.set.tle.ment\n   resettlement\n  Resettlement is the process of moving people to a different place to live, because they are no longer allowed to stay in the area where they used to live.\nOnly refugees are eligible for resettlement abroad.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N of n


Words: reshape
Meaning:
re.shape\n   reshape  reshapes  reshaping  reshaped\n  To reshape something means to change its structure or organization.\nIf they succeed on Europe, then they will have reshaped the political and economic map of the world...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.shap.ing\nThis thesis led to a radical reshaping of Labour policies.\n  N-SING: also no det, usu N of n


Words: reshuffle
Meaning:
re.shuf.fle\n   reshuffle reshuffles reshuffling  reshuffled\nThe noun is pronounced   The verb is pronounced\n  When a political leader reshuffles the ministers in a government, he or she changes their jobs so that some of the ministers change their responsibilities. (mainly BRIT)\nThe prime minister told reporters this morning that he plans to reshuffle his entire cabinet.\n  VERB: V n\n  = reorganize\n  Reshuffle is also a noun.\nHe has carried out a partial cabinet reshuffle.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, with supp


Words: reside
Meaning:
re.side\n   reside  resides  residing  resided\n1. If someone resides somewhere, they live there or are staying there. (FORMAL)\nMargaret resides with her invalid mother in a London suburb...\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n\n2. If a quality resides in something, the thing has that quality. (FORMAL)\nHappiness does not reside in strength or money...\n  VERB: no cont, V in n


Words: residence
Meaning:
resi.dence\n   residence  residences\n1. A residence is a house where people live. (FORMAL)\n...hotels and private residences.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Your place of residence is the place where you live. (FORMAL)\n...differences among women based on age, place of residence and educational levels.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. Someone’s residence in a particular place is the fact that they live there or that they are officially allowed to live there.\nThey had entered the country and had applied for permanent residence...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n4.\n  see also hall of residence\n5. If someone is in residence in a particular place, they are living there.\nWindsor is open to visitors when the Royal Family is not in residence.\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR\n\n6. An artist or writer in residence is one who teaches in an institution such as a university or theatre company.\nWakoski is writer in residence at Michigan State University.\n  PHRASE: n PHR


Words: residency
Meaning:
resi.den.cy\n   residency  residencies\n1. Someone’s residency in a particular place, especially in a country, is the fact that they live there or that they are officially allowed to live there.\nHe applied for British residency...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. A doctor’s residency is the period of specialized training in a hospital that he or she receives after leaving university. (AM)\nHe completed his pediatric residency at Stanford University Hospital.\n  N-COUNT


Words: resident
Meaning:
resi.dent\n   resident  residents\n1. The residents of a house or area are the people who live there.\nThe Archbishop called upon the government to build more low cost homes for local residents...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl, with supp\n\n2. Someone who is resident in a country or a town lives there.\nHe moved to Belgium in 1990 to live with his son, who had been resident in Brussels since 1967.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ in n\n\n3. A resident doctor or teacher lives in the place where he or she works. (BRIT)\nThe morning after your arrival, you meet with the resident physician for a private consultation.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n4. A resident or a resident doctor is a doctor who is receiving a period of specialized training in a hospital after leaving university. (AM)\n  N-COUNT


Words: residential
Meaning:
resi.den.tial\n   residential\n1. A residential area contains houses rather than offices or factories.\n...a smart residential area...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. A residential institution is one where people live while they are studying there or being cared for there.\nTraining involves a two-year residential course...\n...a residential home for children with disabilities.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: residents’ association
Meaning:
resi.dents’ as.so.cia.tion\n   residents’ association  residents’ associations\n  A residents’ association is an organization of people who live in a particular area. Residents’ associations have meetings and take action to make the area more pleasant to live in.\n  N-COUNT


Words: residual
Meaning:
re.sid.ual\n   residual\n  Residual is used to describe what remains of something when most of it has gone.\n...residual radiation from nuclear weapons testing...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: residue
Meaning:
resi.due\n   residue  residues\n  A residue of something is a small amount that remains after most of it has gone.\nAlways using the same shampoo means that a residue can build up on the hair.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp


Words: resign
Meaning:
re.sign\n   resign  resigns  resigning  resigned\n1. If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it.\nA hospital administrator has resigned over claims he lied to get the job...\nMr Robb resigned his position last month.\n  VERB: V, V n\n  = quit\n2. If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it.\nPat and I resigned ourselves to yet another summer without a boat...\n  VERB: V pron-refl to n/-ing\n  = reconcile\n3.\n  see also resigned


Words: resignation
Meaning:
res.ig.na.tion\n   resignation  resignations\n1. Your resignation is a formal statement of your intention to leave a job or position.\nMr Morgan has offered his resignation and it has been accepted.\n...his letter of resignation.\n  N-VAR: usu with poss\n\n2. Resignation is the acceptance of an unpleasant situation or fact because you realize that you cannot change it.\nHe sighed with profound resignation.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: resigned
Meaning:
re.signed\n   resigned\n  If you are resigned to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it without complaining because you realize that you cannot change it.\nHe is resigned to the noise and mess...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ, usu ADJ to n/-ing


Words: resilient
Meaning:
re.sili.ent\n   resilient\n1. Something that is resilient is strong and not easily damaged by being hit, stretched, or squeezed.\n...an armchair of some resilient plastic material.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ\n\n=>  re.sili.ence\nDo your muscles have the strength and resilience that they should have?\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N\n\n2. People and things that are resilient are able to recover easily and quickly from unpleasant or damaging events.\nWhen the U.S. stock market collapsed in October 1987, the Japanese stock market was the most resilient.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ\n\n=>  re.sili.ence\n...the resilience of human beings to fight after they’ve been attacked.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N


Words: resin
Meaning:
res.in\n   resin  resins\n1. Resin is a sticky substance that is produced by some trees.\nThe resin from which the oil is extracted comes from a small, tough tree.\n  N-MASS\n\n2. Resin is a substance that is produced chemically and used to make plastics.\n  N-MASS


Words: resinous
Meaning:
res.in.ous\n   resinous\n  Something that is resinous is like resin or contains resin.\nPropolis is a hard resinous substance made by bees from the juices of plants.\n  ADJ


Words: resist
Meaning:
re.sist\n   resist  resists  resisting  resisted\n1. If you resist something such as a change, you refuse to accept it and try to prevent it.\nShe says she will resist a single European currency being imposed...\nThey resisted our attempts to modernize the distribution of books.\n  VERB: V n -ing, V n\n  = oppose\n2. If you resist someone or resist an attack by them, you fight back against them.\nThe man was shot outside his house as he tried to resist arrest...\nWhen she had attempted to cut his nails he resisted.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n3. If you resist doing something, or resist the temptation to do it, you stop yourself from doing it although you would like to do it.\nStudents should resist the temptation to focus on exams alone...\n  VERB: oft with neg, V n/-ing\n\n4. If someone or something resists damage of some kind, they are not damaged.\n...bodies trained and toughened to resist the cold...\n  VERB: V n\n  = withstand


Words: resistance
Meaning:
re.sist.ance\n   resistance  resistances\n1. Resistance to something such as a change or a new idea is a refusal to accept it.\nThe US wants big cuts in European agricultural export subsidies, but this is meeting resistance.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N to n\n\n2. Resistance to an attack consists of fighting back against the people who have attacked you.\nThe troops are encountering stiff resistance...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. The resistance of your body to germs or diseases is its power to remain unharmed or unaffected by them.\nThis disease is surprisingly difficult to catch as most people have a natural resistance to it.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N to n\n\n4. Wind or air resistance is a force which slows down a moving object or vehicle.\nThe design of the bicycle has managed to reduce the effects of wind resistance and drag.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu supp N\n\n5. In electrical engineering or physics, resistance is the ability of a substance or an electrical circuit to stop the flow of an electrical current through it.\n...materials that lose all their electrical resistance.\n  N-VAR\n\n6. In a country which is occupied by the army of another country, or which has a very harsh and strict government, the resistance is an organized group of people who are involved in illegal activities against the people in power.\nThey managed to escape after being arrested by the resistance.\n  N-SING: the N\n\n7. If you take the line of least resistance in a situation, you do what is easiest, even though you think that it may not be the right thing to do. In American English, you usually talk about the path of least resistance.\nThey would rather take the line of least resistance than become involved in arguments.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v


Words: resistant
Meaning:
re.sist.ant\n   resistant\n1. Someone who is resistant to something is opposed to it and wants to prevent it.\nSome people are very resistant to the idea of exercise.\n  ADJ: oft ADJ to n\n\n2. If something is resistant to a particular thing, it is not harmed by it.\n...how to improve plants to make them more resistant to disease...\n  ADJ: oft ADJ to n


Words: resistor
Meaning:
re.sis.tor\n   resistor  resistors\n  A resistor is a device which is designed to increase the ability of an electric circuit to stop the flow of an electric current through it. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-COUNT


Words: resit
Meaning:
re.sit\n   resit resits resitting  resat\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n  If someone resits a test or examination, they take it again, usually because they failed the first time. (BRIT)\nThis year, Jim is resitting the exams he failed...\nIf they fail, they can often resit the next year.\n  VERB: V n, V\n  = retake\n  Resit is also a noun. (in AM, use retake)\nHe failed his First Year exams and didn’t bother about the resits.\n  N-COUNT\n  = retake


Words: reskill
Meaning:
re.skill\n   reskill reskills reskilling reskilled\n  If you reskill, or if someone reskills you, you learn new skills, so that you can do a different job or do your old job in a different way. (BUSINESS)\nWe needed to reskill our workforce to cope with massive technological change...\nYou must be willing to reskill.\n  VERB: V n, V\n  = retrain\n=>  re.skill.ing\nEveryone knows that lifelong learning and reskilling are important.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: resolute
Meaning:
reso.lute\n   resolute\n  If you describe someone as resolute, you approve of them because they are very determined not to change their mind or not to give up a course of action. (FORMAL)\nVoters perceive him as a decisive and resolute international leader...\n  ADJ\n  = determined\n=>  reso.lute.ly\nHe resolutely refused to speak English unless forced to...\nThe United States remains resolutely opposed to this.\n  ADV: ADV with v, ADV adj


Words: resolution
Meaning:
reso.lu.tion\n   resolution  resolutions\n1. A resolution is a formal decision taken at a meeting by means of a vote.\nHe replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete withdrawal.\n  N-COUNT: usu N supp, oft N num\n\n2. If you make a resolution, you decide to try very hard to do something.\nThey made a resolution to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also New Year’s resolution\n3. Resolution is determination to do something or not do something.\n`I think I’ll try a hypnotist,’ I said with sudden resolution.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n4. The resolution of a problem or difficulty is the final solving of it. (FORMAL)\n...the successful resolution of a dispute involving UN inspectors in Baghdad.\n  N-SING: oft N to/of n\n\n5. The resolution of an image is how clear the image is. (TECHNICAL)\nNow this machine gives us such high resolution that we can see very small specks of calcium.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp


Words: resolve
Meaning:
re.solve\n   resolve  resolves  resolving  resolved\n1. To resolve a problem, argument, or difficulty means to find a solution to it. (FORMAL)\nWe must find a way to resolve these problems before it’s too late...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you resolve to do something, you make a firm decision to do it. (FORMAL)\nShe resolved to report the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager...\nShe resolved that, if Mimi forgot this promise, she would remind her.\n  VERB: V to-inf, V that\n\n3. Resolve is determination to do what you have decided to do. (FORMAL)\nThis will strengthen the American public’s resolve to go to war.\n  N-VAR: oft N to-inf\n  = determination


Words: resolved
Meaning:
re.solved\n   resolved\n  If you are resolved to do something, you are determined to do it. (FORMAL)\nBarnes was resolved to moving on when his contract expired.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ to-inf


Words: resonance
Meaning:
reso.nance\n   resonance  resonances\n1. If something has a resonance for someone, it has a special meaning or is particularly important to to them.\nThe ideas of order, security, family, religion and country had the same resonance for them as for Michael.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. If a sound has resonance, it is deep, clear, and strong.\nHis voice had lost its resonance; it was tense and strained.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: resonant
Meaning:
reso.nant\n   resonant\n1. A sound that is resonant is deep and strong.\nHis voice sounded oddly resonant in the empty room...\n  ADJ\n\n2. Something that is resonant has a special meaning or is particularly important to people. (LITERARY)\nIt is a country resonant with cinematic potential, from its architecture to its landscape.\n  ADJ


Words: resonate
Meaning:
reso.nate\n   resonate  resonates  resonating  resonated\n1. If something resonates, it vibrates and produces a deep, strong sound.\nThe bass guitar began to thump so loudly that it resonated in my head.\n  VERB: V\n\n2. You say that something resonates when it has a special meaning or when it is particularly important to someone.\nLondon is confident and alive, resonating with all the qualities of a civilised city.\n  VERB: V with n


Words: resort
Meaning:
re.sort\n   resort  resorts  resorting  resorted\n1. If you resort to a course of action that you do not really approve of, you adopt it because you cannot see any other way of achieving what you want.\nHis punishing work schedule had made him resort to drugs...\n  VERB: V to n/-ing\n\n2. If you achieve something without resort to a particular course of action, you succeed without carrying out that action. To have resort to a particular course of action means to have to do that action in order to achieve something.\nCongress has a responsibility to ensure that all peaceful options are exhausted before resort to war.\n  N-UNCOUNT: N to n\n  = recourse\n3. If you do something as a last resort, you do it because you can find no other way of getting out of a difficult situation or of solving a problem.\nNuclear weapons should be used only as a last resort...\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl\n\n4. You use in the last resort when stating the most basic or important fact that will still be true in a situation whatever else happens.\nThey would in the last resort support their friends whatever they did.\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl\n  = ultimately\n5. A resort is a place where a lot of people spend their holidays.\n...the ski resorts.\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N


Words: resound
Meaning:
re.sound\n   resound  resounds  resounding  resounded\n1. When a noise resounds, it is heard very loudly and clearly. (LITERARY)\nA roar of approval resounded through the Ukrainian parliament...\n  VERB: V prep\n\n2. If a place resounds with or to particular noises, it is filled with them. (LITERARY)\nThe whole place resounded with music...\nKabul resounded to the crack of Kalashnikov fire and a flood of artillery.\n  VERB: V with n, V to n


Words: resounding
Meaning:
re.sound.ing\n   resounding\n1. A resounding sound is loud and clear.\nThere was a resounding slap as Andrew struck him violently across the face...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. You can refer to a very great success as a resounding success.\nThe good weather helped to make the occasion a resounding success.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  emphasis


Words: resource
Meaning:
re.source\n   resource  resources\n1. The resources of an organization or person are the materials, money, and other things that they have and can use in order to function properly.\nSome families don’t have the resources to feed themselves properly...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n2. A country’s resources are the things that it has and can use to increase its wealth, such as coal, oil, or land.\n...resources like coal, tungsten, oil and copper...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: resourced
Meaning:
re.sourced\n   resourced\n  If an organization is resourced, it has all the things, such as money and materials, that it needs to function properly. (BRIT)\nThe school is very well resourced.we have a language laboratory and use computers and videos.\n  ADJ: usu adv ADJ


Words: resourceful
Meaning:
re.source.ful\n   resourceful\n  Someone who is resourceful is good at finding ways of dealing with problems.\nHe was amazingly inventive and resourceful, and played a major role in my career...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.source.ful.ness\nBecause of his adventures, he is a person of far greater experience and resourcefulness.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: respect
Meaning:
re.spect\n   respect  respects  respecting  respected\n1. If you respect someone, you have a good opinion of their character or ideas.\nI want him to respect me as a career woman...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you have respect for someone, you have a good opinion of them.\nI have tremendous respect for Dean...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N for n\n\n  see also self-respect\n3. If you respect someone’s wishes, rights, or customs, you avoid doing things that they would dislike or regard as wrong.\nFinally, trying to respect her wishes, I said I’d leave.\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. If you show respect for someone’s wishes, rights, or customs, you avoid doing anything they would dislike or regard as wrong.\nThey will campaign for the return of traditional lands and respect for aboriginal rights and customs.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N for n\n\n5. If you respect a law or moral principle, you agree not to break it.\nIt is about time tour operators respected the law and their own code of conduct.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Respect is also a noun.\n...respect for the law and the rejection of the use of violence.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N for n\n\n6. You can say with respect when you are politely disagreeing with someone or criticizing them.\nWith respect, I hardly think that’s the point.\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl  politeness\n\n7. If you pay your respects to someone, you go to see them or speak to them. You usually do this to be polite, and not necessarily because you want to do it. (FORMAL)\nCarl had asked him to visit the hospital and to pay his respects to Francis.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n8. If you pay your last respects to someone who has just died, you show your respect or affection for them by coming to see their body or their grave.\nThe son had nothing to do with arranging the funeral, but came along to pay his last respects.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n9. You use expressions like in this respect and in many respects to indicate that what you are saying applies to the feature you have just mentioned or to many features of something.\nThe children are not unintelligent.in fact, they seem quite normal in this respect...\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl\n\n10. You use with respect to to say what something relates to. In British English, you can also say in respect of. (FORMAL)\nParents often have little choice with respect to the way their child is medically treated...\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl\n\n  see also respected


Words: respectable
Meaning:
re.spect.able\n   respectable\n1. Someone or something that is respectable is approved of by society and considered to be morally correct.\nHe came from a perfectly respectable middle-class family...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.spect.ably\nShe’s respectably dressed in jeans and sweatshirt.\n  ADV\n\n=>  re.spect.abil.ity\nIf she divorced Tony, she would lose the respectability she had as Mrs Tony Tatterton.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. You can say that something is respectable when you mean that it is good enough or acceptable.\n...investments that offer respectable rates of return...\n  ADJ\n  = decent


Words: respected
Meaning:
re.spect.ed\n   respected\n  Someone or something that is respected is admired and considered important by many people.\nHe is highly respected for his novels and plays...\n  ADJ: oft adv ADJ


Words: respecter
Meaning:
re.spect.er\n   respecter  respecters\n1. If you say that someone is a respecter of something such as a belief or idea, you mean that they behave in a way which shows that they have a high opinion of it.\nFord was a respecter of proprieties and liked to see things done properly.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n\n2. If you say that someone or something is no respecter of a rule or tradition, you mean that the rule or tradition is not important to them.\nAccidents and sudden illnesses are no respecters of age.\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR


Words: respectful
Meaning:
re.spect.ful\n   respectful\n  If you are respectful, you show respect for someone.\nThe children in our family are always respectful to their elders...\n  ADJ: oft ADJ of/towards/to n\n\n=>  re.spect.ful.ly\n`You are an artist,’ she said respectfully.\n  ADV: usu ADV with v


Words: respective
Meaning:
re.spec.tive\n   respective\n  Respective means relating or belonging separately to the individual people you have just mentioned.\nSteve and I were at very different stages in our respective careers...\n  ADJ: ADJ n, usu poss ADJ pl-n


Words: respectively
Meaning:
re.spec.tive.ly\n   respectively\n  Respectively means in the same order as the items that you have just mentioned.\nTheir sons, Ben and Jonathan, were three and six respectively...\n  ADV: ADV with cl/group


Words: respiration
Meaning:
res.pi.ra.tion\n   respiration\n  Your respiration is your breathing. (MEDICAL)\nHis respiration grew fainter throughout the day.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n  see also artificial respiration


Words: respirator
Meaning:
res.pi.ra.tor\n   respirator  respirators\n1. A respirator is a device that allows people to breathe when they cannot breathe naturally, for example because they are ill or have been injured.\nShe was so ill that she was put on a respirator.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A respirator is a device you wear over your mouth and nose in order to breathe when you are surrounded by smoke or poisonous gas.\n  N-COUNT


Words: respiratory
Meaning:
res.pira.tory\n   respiratory\n  Respiratory means relating to breathing. (MEDICAL)\n...people with severe respiratory problems...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: respite
Meaning:
res.pite\n   respite\n1. A respite is a short period of rest from something unpleasant. (FORMAL)\nIt was some weeks now since they had had any respite from shellfire.\n  N-SING: also no det, oft N from n\n\n2. A respite is a short delay before a very unpleasant or difficult situation which may or may not take place. (FORMAL)\nDevaluation would only give the economy a brief respite.\n  N-SING: also no det\n  = reprieve


Words: respite care
Meaning:
res.pite care\n\n  Respite care is short-term care that is provided for very old or very sick people so that the person who usually cares for them can have a break.\n...respite care for their very ill child for short periods.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: resplendent
Meaning:
re.splend.ent\n   resplendent\n  If you describe someone or something as resplendent, you mean that their appearance is very impressive and expensive-looking. (FORMAL)\nBessie, resplendent in royal blue velvet, was hovering beside the table.\n  ADJ: oft ADJ in n


Words: respond
Meaning:
re.spond\n   respond  responds  responding  responded\n1. When you respond to something that is done or said, you react to it by doing or saying something yourself.\nThey are likely to respond positively to the President’s request for aid...\nThe army responded with gunfire and tear gas...\n`Are you well enough to carry on?.`Of course,’ she responded scornfully...\nThe Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs responded that the protection of refugees was a matter for an international organization...\n  VERB: V to n, V with n, V with quote, V that\n\n2. When you respond to a need, crisis, or challenge, you take the necessary or appropriate action.\nThis modest group size allows our teachers to respond to the needs of each student.\n  VERB: V to n\n  = react\n3. If a patient or their injury or illness is responding to treatment, the treatment is working and they are getting better.\nI’m pleased to say that he is now doing well and responding to treatment.\n  VERB: V to n


Words: respondent
Meaning:
re.spond.ent\n   respondent  respondents\n  A respondent is a person who replies to something such as a survey or set of questions.\n60 percent of the respondents said they disapproved of the president’s performance.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: response
Meaning:
re.sponse\n   response  responses\n  Your response to an event or to something that is said is your reply or reaction to it.\nThere has been no response to his remarks from the government...\n  N-COUNT: oft N to/from n, also in N


Words: response time
Meaning:
re.sponse time\n   response time response times\n  Response time is the time taken for a computer to do something after you have given an instruction. (COMPUTING)\nThe only flaw is the slightly slow response times when you press the buttons.\n  N-COUNT


Words: responsibility
Meaning:
re.spon.sibil.ity\n   responsibility  responsibilities\n1. If you have responsibility for something or someone, or if they are your responsibility, it is your job or duty to deal with them and to take decisions relating to them.\nEach manager had responsibility for just under 600 properties...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N for n/-ing\n\n2. If you accept responsibility for something that has happened, you agree that you were to blame for it or you caused it.\nNo one admitted responsibility for the attacks...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N for n\n\n3. Your responsibilities are the duties that you have because of your job or position.\nHe handled his responsibilities as a counselor in an intelligent and caring fashion.\n  N-PLURAL: usu with supp\n\n4. If someone is given responsibility, they are given the right or opportunity to make important decisions or to take action without having to get permission from anyone else.\nShe would have loved to have a better-paying job with more responsibility...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n5. If you think that you have a responsibility to do something, you feel that you ought to do it because it is morally right to do it.\nThe court feels it has a responsibility to ensure that customers are not misled...\n  N-SING: usu N to-inf\n  = duty\n6. If you think that you have a responsibility to someone, you feel that it is your duty to take action that will protect their interests.\nShe had decided that as a doctor she had a responsibility to her fellow creatures.\n  N-SING: N to/towards n


Words: responsible
Meaning:
re.spon.sible\n   responsible\n1. If someone or something is responsible for a particular event or situation, they are the cause of it or they can be blamed for it.\nHe still felt responsible for her death...\nI want you to do everything you can to find out who’s responsible.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ for n/-ing\n\n2. If you are responsible for something, it is your job or duty to deal with it and make decisions relating to it.\n...the minister responsible for the environment...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ for n/-ing\n\n3. If you are responsible to a person or group, they have authority over you and you have to report to them about what you do.\nI’m responsible to my board of directors...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ to n\n\n4. Responsible people behave properly and sensibly, without needing to be supervised.\nHe feels that the media should be more responsible in what they report.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.spon.sibly\nHe urged everyone to act responsibly.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n5. Responsible jobs involve making important decisions or carrying out important tasks.\nI work in a government office. It’s a responsible position, I suppose, but not very exciting...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: responsive
Meaning:
re.spon.sive\n   responsive\n1. A responsive person is quick to react to people or events and to show emotions such as pleasure and affection.\nHarriet was an easy, responsive little girl...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.spon.sive.ness\nThis condition decreases sexual desire and responsiveness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If someone or something is responsive, they react quickly and favourably.\nWith an election coming soon, your MP should be very responsive to your request.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ to n\n\n=>  re.spon.sive.ness\nSuch responsiveness to public pressure is extraordinary.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rest
Meaning:
VERB AND NOUN USES\n   rest  rests  resting  rested\n\nPlease look at category 18 to see if the expression you are looking for is shown under another headword.\n1. If you rest or if you rest your body, you do not do anything active for a time.\nHe’s tired and exhausted, and has been advised to rest for two weeks...\nTry to rest the injured limb as much as possible.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n2. If you get some rest or have a rest, you do not do anything active for a time.\n`You’re worn out, Laura,’ he said. `Go home and get some rest.’...\n  N-VAR\n\n3. If something such as a theory or someone’s success rests on a particular thing, it depends on that thing. (FORMAL)\nSuch a view rests on a number of incorrect assumptions...\n  VERB: V on/upon n/wh\n  = depend\n4. If authority, a responsibility, or a decision rests with you, you have that authority or responsibility, or you are the one who will make that decision. (FORMAL)\nThe final decision rested with the President.\n  VERB: V with n\n\n5. If you rest something somewhere, you put it there so that its weight is supported.\nHe rested his arms on the back of the chair...\n  VERB: V n prep\n  = lean\n6. If something is resting somewhere, or if you are resting it there, it is in a position where its weight is supported.\nHis head was resting on her shoulder...\nHe had been resting his head in his hands, deep in thought.\n  VERB: V prep/adv, V n prep/adv\n\n7. If you rest on or against someone or something, you lean on them so that they support the weight of your body.\nHe rested on his pickaxe for a while.\n  VERB: V prep\n  = lean\n8. A rest is an object that is used to support something, especially your head, arms, or feet.\nWhen you are sitting, keep your elbow on the arm rest.\n  N-COUNT: usu n N\n\n9. If your eyes rest on a particular person or object, you look directly at them, rather than somewhere else. (WRITTEN)\nAs she spoke, her eyes rested on her husband’s face.\n  VERB: V on/upon n\n\n10.\n  see also rested\n11. When an object that has been moving comes to rest, it finally stops. (FORMAL)\nThe plane had plowed a path through a patch of forest before coming to rest in a field.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n12. If you say that someone can rest easy, you mean that they don’t need to worry about a particular situation.\nHow can any woman rest easy now, knowing her breast cancer may be misdiagnosed?\n  PHRASE\n\n13. If someone tells you to give something a rest, they want you to stop doing it because it annoys them or because they think it is harming you. (INFORMAL)\nGive it a rest, will you? We’re trying to get some sleep...\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n14. If you say that someone who has died is laid to rest, you mean that they are buried.\nHis dying wish was to be laid to rest at the church near his Somerset home.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n15. If you lay something such as fears or rumours to rest or if you put them to rest, you succeed in proving that they are not true.\nHis speech should lay those fears to rest...\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n  = allay\n16. If someone refuses to let a subject rest, they refuse to stop talking about it, especially after they have been talking about it for a long time.\nI am not prepared to let this matter rest...\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n  = drop\n17. To put someone’s mind at rest or set their mind at rest means to tell them something that stops them worrying.\nA brain scan last Friday finally set his mind at rest.\n  PHRASE: V and N inflect\n  = reassure\n18.\nrest assured: see assured\nto rest on your laurels: see laurel\nto rest in peace: see peace\n\nQUANTIFIER USES\n   rest\n1. The rest is used to refer to all the parts of something or all the things in a group that remain or that you have not already mentioned.\nIt was an experience I will treasure for the rest of my life...\nHe was unable to travel to Barcelona with the rest of the team.\n  QUANT: QUANT of def-n\n\n  Rest is also a pronoun.\nOnly 55 per cent of the raw material is canned. The rest is thrown away.\n  PRON\n\n2. You can add and the rest or all the rest of it to the end of a statement or list when you want to refer in a vague way to other things that are associated with the ones you have already mentioned. (SPOKEN)\n...a man with nice clothes, a Range Rover and the rest...\n  PHRASE  vagueness


Words: rest area
Meaning:
rest area  rest areas\n  A rest area is a place beside a motorway or freeway where you can buy petrol and other things, or have a meal. (mainly AM; in BRIT, use services)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rest room
Meaning:
rest room  rest rooms   also restroom\n  In a restaurant, theatre, or other public place, a rest room is a room with a toilet for customers to use. (AM; in BRIT, usually use toilet)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rest stop
Meaning:
rest stop  rest stops\n1. On a long journey by road, a rest stop is a short period when you stop and leave your vehicle, for example to eat or go to the toilet.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rest stop is a place beside a motorway or freeway where you can buy petrol and other things, or have a meal. (mainly AM; in BRIT, use services)\n  N-COUNT


Words: restart
Meaning:
re.start\n   restart  restarts  restarting  restarted\n  If you restart something that has been interrupted or stopped, or if it restarts, it starts to happen or function again.\nThe commissioners agreed to restart talks as soon as possible...\nThe trial will restart today with a new jury.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n  Restart is also a noun.\nAfter a goalless first half, Australia took the lead within a minute of the restart.\n  N-COUNT


Words: restate
Meaning:
re.state\n   restate  restates  restating  restated\n  If you restate something, you say it again in words or writing, usually in a slightly different way. (FORMAL)\nHe continued throughout to restate his opposition to violence...\n  VERB: V n


Words: restatement
Meaning:
re.state.ment\n   restatement  restatements\n  A restatement of something that has been said or written is another statement that repeats it, usually in a slightly different form. (FORMAL)\nI hope this book is not yet another restatement of the prevailing wisdom...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n  = reiteration


Words: restaurant
Meaning:
res.tau.rant\n   restaurant  restaurants\n  A restaurant is a place where you can eat a meal and pay for it. In restaurants your food is usually served to you at your table by a waiter or waitress.\nThey ate in an Italian restaurant in Forth Street...\n  N-COUNT


Words: restaurant car
Meaning:
res.tau.rant car\n   restaurant car  restaurant cars\n  A restaurant car is a carriage on a train where passengers can have a meal. (BRIT; in AM, use dining car)\n  N-COUNT


Words: restaurateur
Meaning:
res.tau.ra.teur\n   restaurateur  restaurateurs\n  A restaurateur is a person who owns and manages a restaurant. (FORMAL)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rested
Meaning:
rest.ed\n   rested\n  If you feel rested, you feel more energetic because you have just had a rest.\nHe looked tanned and well rested after his vacation.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ


Words: restful
Meaning:
rest.ful\n   restful\n  Something that is restful helps you to feel calm and relaxed.\nAdjust the lighting so it is soft and restful...\n  ADJ


Words: resting place
Meaning:
rest.ing place\n   resting place  resting places\n1. A resting place is a place where you can stay and rest, usually for a short period of time.\nThe area was an important resting place for many types of migrant birds.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. You can refer to the place where a dead person is buried as their resting place or their final resting place.\nThe hill is supposed to be the resting place of the legendary King Lud.\n  N-COUNT: usu with poss


Words: restitution
Meaning:
res.ti.tu.tion\n   restitution\n  Restitution is the act of giving back to a person something that was lost or stolen, or of paying them money for the loss. (FORMAL)\nThe victims are demanding full restitution...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: restive
Meaning:
res.tive\n   restive\n  If you are restive, you are impatient, bored, or dissatisfied. (FORMAL)\nThe audience grew restive.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  res.tive.ness\nThere were signs of restiveness among the younger members.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: restless
Meaning:
rest.less\n   restless\n1. If you are restless, you are bored, impatient, or dissatisfied, and you want to do something else.\nBy 1982, she was restless and needed a new impetus for her talent.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rest.less.ness\nFrom the audience came increasing sounds of restlessness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If someone is restless, they keep moving around because they find it difficult to keep still.\nMy father seemed very restless and excited.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rest.less.ness\nKaren complained of hyperactivity and restlessness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n=>  rest.less.ly\nHe paced up and down restlessly, trying to put his thoughts in order.\n  ADV: usu ADV with v\n\n3. If you have a restless night, you do not sleep properly and when you wake up you feel tired and uncomfortable.\nThe shocking revelations of the 700-page report had caused him several restless nights...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: restock
Meaning:
re.stock\n   restock  restocks  restocking  restocked\n1. If you restock something such as a shelf, fridge, or shop, you fill it with food or other goods to replace what you have used or sold.\nI have to restock the freezer...\nBack on Flatbush Avenue, Pong is busy restocking his shelves with cucumbers and coconuts.\n  VERB: V n, V n with n, also V\n\n2. To restock a lake means to put more fish in it because there are very few left.\nThe lake was restocked with roach last year.\n  VERB: be V-ed with n, also V n with n, V n


Words: Restoration
Meaning:
Res.to.ra.tion\n   Restoration\n1. The Restoration was the event in 1660 when Charles the Second became King of England, Scotland, and Ireland after a period when there had been no King or Queen.\n  N-PROPER: the N\n\n2. Restoration is used to refer to the style of drama and architecture that was popular during and just after the rule of Charles the Second in England.\n...a Restoration comedy.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: restorative
Meaning:
re.stora.tive\n   restorative  restoratives\n1. Something that is restorative makes you feel healthier, stronger, or more cheerful after you have been feeling tired, weak, or miserable.\nShe opened the door to her bedroom, thinking how restorative a hot bath would feel tonight.\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you describe something as a restorative, you mean that it makes you feel healthier, stronger, or more cheerful after you have been feeling tired, weak, or miserable.\nSeven days off could be a wonderful restorative.\n  N-COUNT


Words: restore
Meaning:
re.store\n   restore  restores  restoring  restored\n1. To restore a situation or practice means to cause it to exist again.\nThe army has recently been brought in to restore order...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  res.to.ra.tion\nHis visit is expected to lead to the restoration of diplomatic relations...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N of n\n\n2. To restore someone or something to a previous condition means to cause them to be in that condition once again.\nWe will restore her to health but it may take time...\nHis country desperately needs Western aid to restore its ailing economy.\n  VERB: V n to n, V n\n\n=>  res.to.ra.tion\nI owe the restoration of my hearing to this remarkable new technique.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N of n\n\n3. When someone restores something such as an old building, painting, or piece of furniture, they repair and clean it, so that it looks like it did when it was new.\n...experts who specialise in examining and restoring ancient parchments.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  res.to.ra.tion      restorations\nI specialized in the restoration of old houses...\n  N-VAR\n\n4. If something that was lost or stolen is restored to its owner, it is returned to them. (FORMAL)\nThe following day their horses and goods were restored to them...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed to n\n  = return


Words: restorer
Meaning:
re.stor.er\n   restorer  restorers\n  A restorer is someone whose job it is to repair old buildings, paintings, and furniture so that they are look like they did when they were new.\n...an antiques restorer.\n  N-COUNT: oft n N


Words: restrain
Meaning:
re.strain\n   restrain  restrains  restraining  restrained\n1. If you restrain someone, you stop them from doing what they intended or wanted to do, usually by using your physical strength.\nWally gripped my arm, partly to restrain me and partly to reassure me...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you restrain an emotion or you restrain yourself from doing something, you prevent yourself from showing that emotion or doing what you wanted or intended to do.\nShe was unable to restrain her desperate anger...\nGladys wanted to ask, `Aren’t you angry with him?’ But she restrained herself from doing so.\n  VERB: V n, V n from -ing\n\n3. To restrain something that is growing or increasing means to prevent it from getting too large.\nThe radical 500-day plan was very clear on how it intended to try to restrain inflation...\n  VERB: V n\n  = check


Words: restrained
Meaning:
re.strained\n   restrained\n1. Someone who is restrained is very calm and unemotional.\nIn the circumstances he felt he’d been very restrained...\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you describe someone’s clothes or the decorations in a house as restrained, you mean that you like them because they are simple and not too brightly-coloured.\nHer black suit was restrained and expensive.\n  ADJ  approval


Words: restraining order
Meaning:
re.strain.ing or.der\n   restraining order  restraining orders\n  A restraining order is an order by a court of law that someone should stop doing something until a court decides whether they are legally allowed to continue doing it. (mainly AM LEGAL)\nHis estranged wife had taken out a restraining order against him.\n  N-COUNT


Words: restraint
Meaning:
re.straint\n   restraint  restraints\n1. Restraints are rules or conditions that limit or restrict someone or something.\nThe Prime Minister is calling for new restraints on trade unions...\n  N-VAR: usu with supp, oft N on n\n\n2. Restraint is calm, controlled, and unemotional behaviour.\nThey behaved with more restraint than I’d expected...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: restrict
Meaning:
re.strict\n   restrict  restricts  restricting  restricted\n1. If you restrict something, you put a limit on it in order to reduce it or prevent it becoming too great.\nThere is talk of raising the admission requirements to restrict the number of students on campus...\nThe French, I believe, restrict Japanese imports to a maximum of 3 per cent of their market.\n  VERB: V n, V n to amount\n  = limit\n=>  re.stric.tion\nSome restriction on funding was necessary.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = limit\n2. To restrict the movement or actions of someone or something means to prevent them from moving or acting freely.\nThe government imprisoned dissidents, forbade travel, and restricted the press...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.stric.tion\n...the justification for this restriction of individual liberty.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. If you restrict someone or their activities to one thing, they can only do, have, or deal with that thing. If you restrict them to one place, they cannot go anywhere else.\nFor the first two weeks patients are restricted to the grounds.\n  VERB: be V-ed to n, also V n to n\n  = confine\n4. If you restrict something to a particular group, only that group can do it or have it. If you restrict something to a particular place, it is allowed only in that place.\nThe hospital may restrict bookings to people living locally...\n  VERB: V n to n


Words: restricted
Meaning:
re.strict.ed\n   restricted\n1. Something that is restricted is quite small or limited.\n...the monotony of a heavily restricted diet...\n  ADJ\n\n2. If something is restricted to a particular group, only members of that group have it. If it is restricted to a particular place, it exists only in that place.\nDiscipline problems are by no means restricted to children in families dependent on benefits...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ to n\n\n3. A restricted area is one that only people with special permission can enter.\n...a highly restricted area close to the old Khodinka airfield.\n  ADJ


Words: restriction
Meaning:
re.stric.tion\n   restriction  restrictions\n1. A restriction is an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something.\n...the lifting of restrictions on political parties and the news media...\n  N-COUNT: oft N on n\n\n2. You can refer to anything that limits what you can do as a restriction.\nHis parents are trying to make up to him for the restrictions of urban living...\n  N-COUNT\n  = limitation\n3.\n  see also restrict


Words: restrictive
Meaning:
re.stric.tive\n   restrictive\n  Something that is restrictive prevents people from doing what they want to do, or from moving freely.\nBritain is to adopt a more restrictive policy on arms sales.\n  ADJ


Words: restrictive practice
Meaning:
re.stric.tive prac.tice\n   restrictive practice  restrictive practices\n  Restrictive practices are ways in which people involved in an industry, trade, or profession protect their own interests, rather than having a system which is fair to the public, employers, and other workers. (BRIT BUSINESS)\nThe Act was introduced to end restrictive practices in the docks.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: restructure
Meaning:
re.struc.ture\n   restructure  restructures  restructuring  restructured\n  To restructure an organization or system means to change the way it is organized, usually in order to make it work more effectively.\nThe President called on educators and politicians to help him restructure American education...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.struc.tur.ing      restructurings\n1,520 workers were laid off as part of a restructuring.\n  N-VAR


Words: result
Meaning:
re.sult\n   result  results  resulting  resulted\n1. A result is something that happens or exists because of something else that has happened.\nCompensation is available for people who have developed asthma as a direct result of their work...\n  N-COUNT: oft as a N\n\n2. If something results in a particular situation or event, it causes that situation or event to happen.\nFifty per cent of road accidents result in head injuries...\n  VERB: V in n\n\n3. If something results from a particular event or action, it is caused by that event or action.\nMany hair problems result from what you eat...\nIgnore the early warnings and illness could result.\n  VERB: V from n, V\n\n4. A result is the situation that exists at the end of a contest.\nThe final election results will be announced on Friday.\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. A result is the number that you get when you do a calculation.\nThey found their computers producing different results from exactly the same calculation.\n  N-COUNT\n  = answer\n6. Your results are the marks or grades that you get for examinations you have taken. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use scores)\nKate’s exam results were excellent.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: resultant
Meaning:
re.sult.ant\n   resultant\n  Resultant means caused by the event just mentioned. (FORMAL)\nAt least a quarter of a million people have died in the fighting and the resultant famines.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  = consequent, ensuing


Words: resume
Meaning:
re.su.me\n   resume  resumes   also resume\n1. A resume is a short account, either spoken or written, of something that has happened or that someone has said or written.\nI will leave with you a resume of his most recent speech...\n  N-COUNT: oft N of n/wh\n  = summary\n2. Your resume is a brief account of your personal details, your education, and the jobs you have had. You are often asked to send a resume when you are applying for a job. (mainly AM; in BRIT, usually use curriculum vitae)\n  N-COUNT\n\nre.sume\n   resume  resumes  resuming  resumed\n1. If you resume an activity or if it resumes, it begins again. (FORMAL)\nAfter the war he resumed his duties at Emmanuel College...\nThe search is expected to resume early today.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n=>  re.sump.tion\nIt is premature to speculate about the resumption of negotiations.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N of n\n\n2. If you resume your seat or position, you return to the seat or position you were in before you moved. (FORMAL)\n`I changed my mind,’ Blanche said, resuming her seat.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If someone resumes, they begin speaking again after they have stopped for a short time. (WRITTEN)\n`Hey, Judith,’ he resumed, `tell me all about yourself.’\n  VERB: V with quote


Words: resurface
Meaning:
re.sur.face\n   resurface  resurfaces  resurfacing  resurfaced\n1. If something such as an idea or problem resurfaces, it becomes important or noticeable again.\nThese ideas resurfaced again in the American civil rights movement...\n  VERB: V\n\n2. If someone who has not been seen for a long time resurfaces, they suddenly appear again. (INFORMAL)\nIt is likely that they would go into hiding for a few weeks, and resurface when the publicity has died down.\n  VERB: V\n  = reappear\n3. If someone or something that has been under water resurfaces, they come back to the surface of the water again.\nGeorge struggled wildly, going under and resurfacing at regular intervals.\n  VERB: V\n\n4. To resurface something such as a road means to put a new surface on it.\nMeanwhile the race is on to resurface the road before next Wednesday.\n  VERB: V n


Words: resurgence
Meaning:
re.sur.gence\n   resurgence\n  If there is a resurgence of an attitude or activity, it reappears and grows. (FORMAL)\nPolice say drugs traffickers are behind the resurgence of violence.\n  N-SING: also no det, oft N of n


Words: resurgent
Meaning:
re.sur.gent\n   resurgent\n  You use resurgent to say that something is becoming stronger and more popular after a period when it has been weak and unimportant. (FORMAL)\n...the threat from the resurgent nationalist movement.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: resurrect
Meaning:
res.ur.rect\n   resurrect  resurrects  resurrecting  resurrected\n  If you resurrect something, you cause it to exist again after it had disappeared or ended.\nAttempts to resurrect the ceasefire have already failed once...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  res.ur.rec.tion\nThis is a resurrection of an old story from the mid-70s.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Resurrection
Meaning:
Res.ur.rec.tion\n   Resurrection\n  In Christian belief, the Resurrection is the event in which Jesus Christ came back to life after he had been killed.\n  N-PROPER: the N


Words: resuscitate
Meaning:
re.sus.ci.tate\n   resuscitate  resuscitates  resuscitating  resuscitated\n1. If you resuscitate someone who has stopped breathing, you cause them to start breathing again.\nA policeman and then a paramedic tried to resuscitate her.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.sus.ci.ta.tion\nDespite attempts at resuscitation, Mr Lynch died a week later in hospital.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If you resuscitate something, you cause it to become active or successful again.\nHe has submitted a bid to resuscitate the struggling magazine.\n  VERB: V n\n  = revive\n=>  re.sus.ci.ta.tion\nThe economy needs vigorous resuscitation.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retail
Meaning:
re.tail\n   retail  retails  retailing  retailed\n1. Retail is the activity of selling goods direct to the public, usually in small quantities. Compare wholesale. (BUSINESS)\n...retail stores...\nRetail sales grew just 3.8 percent last year.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N n\n\n2. If something is sold retail, it is sold in ordinary shops direct to the public. (BUSINESS)\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n3. If an item in a shop retails at or for a particular price, it is on sale at that price. (BUSINESS)\nIt originally retailed at .23.50.\n  VERB: V at/for n\n  = sell\n  see also retailing


Words: retail park
Meaning:
re.tail park\n   retail park  retail parks\n  A retail park is a large specially built area, usually at the edge of a town or city, where there are a lot of large shops and sometimes other facilities such as cinemas and restaurants.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retail price index
Meaning:
re.tail price in.dex\n   retail price index\n  The retail price index is a list of the prices of typical goods which shows how much the cost of living changes from one month to the next. (BRIT BUSINESS; in AM, use cost-of-living index)\nThe retail price index for September is expected to show inflation edging up to about 10.8 per cent.\n  N-PROPER: the N


Words: retailer
Meaning:
re.tail.er\n   retailer  retailers\n  A retailer is a person or business that sells goods to the public. (BUSINESS)\nFurniture and carpet retailers are among those reporting the sharpest annual decline in sales.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retailing
Meaning:
re.tail.ing\n   retailing\n  Retailing is the activity of selling goods direct to the public, usually in small quantities. Compare wholesaling. (BUSINESS)\nShe spent fourteen years in retailing.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: retain
Meaning:
re.tain\n   retain  retains  retaining  retained\n1. To retain something means to continue to have that thing. (FORMAL)\nThe interior of the shop still retains a nineteenth-century atmosphere...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you retain a lawyer, you pay him or her a fee to make sure that he or she will represent you when your case comes before the court. (LEGAL)\nHe decided to retain him for the trial.\n  VERB: V n


Words: retainer
Meaning:
re.tain.er\n   retainer  retainers\n  A retainer is a fee that you pay to someone in order to make sure that they will be available to do work for you if you need them to.\nLiz was being paid a regular monthly retainer.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retaining wall
Meaning:
re.tain.ing wall\n   retaining wall  retaining walls\n  A retaining wall is a wall that is built to prevent the earth behind it from moving.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retake
Meaning:
re.take\n   retake retakes retaking  retook  retaken\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n1. If a military force retakes a place or building which it has lost in a war or battle, it captures it again.\nResidents were moved 30 miles away as the rebels retook the town.\n  VERB: V n\n  = recapture\n2. If during the making of a film there is a retake of a particular scene, that scene is filmed again because it needs to be changed or improved.\nThe director, Ron Howard, was dissatisfied with Nicole’s response even after several retakes.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you retake a course or an examination, you take it again because you failed it the first time.\nI had one year in the sixth form to retake my GCSEs.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Retake is also a noun.\nLimits will be placed on the number of exam retakes students can sit.\n  N-COUNT\n  = resit


Words: retaliate
Meaning:
re.tali.ate\n   retaliate  retaliates  retaliating  retaliated\n  If you retaliate when someone harms or annoys you, you do something which harms or annoys them in return.\nI was sorely tempted to retaliate...\nChristie retaliated by sending his friend a long letter detailing Carl’s utter incompetence...\nThe militia responded by saying it would retaliate against any attacks...\nThey may retaliate with sanctions on other products if the bans are disregarded.\n  VERB: V, V by -ing, V against/for n, V with n\n\n=>  re.talia.tion\nPolice said they believed the attack was in retaliation for the death of the drug trafficker.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retaliatory
Meaning:
re.talia.tory\n   retaliatory\n  If you take retaliatory action, you try to harm or annoy someone who has harmed or annoyed you. (FORMAL)\nThere’s been talk of a retaliatory blockade to prevent supplies getting through.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: retard
Meaning:
re.tard\n   retard retards retarding  retarded\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n1. If something retards a process, or the development of something, it makes it happen more slowly. (FORMAL)\nContinuing violence will retard negotiations over the country’s future.\n  VERB: V n\n  = slow down\n2. If you describe someone as a retard, you mean that they have not developed normally, either mentally or socially. (INFORMAL, OFFENSIVE)\nWhat the hell do I want with an emotional retard?\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: retardation
Meaning:
re.tar.da.tion\n   retardation\n  Retardation is the process of making something happen or develop more slowly, or the fact of being less well developed than other people or things of the same kind. (FORMAL)\n...other parents whose children had mental retardation.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu supp N


Words: retarded
Meaning:
re.tard.ed\n   retarded\n  Someone who is retarded is much less advanced mentally than most people of their age. (OLD-FASHIONED)\n...a special school for mentally retarded children.\n  ADJ


Words: retch
Meaning:
retch  retches  retching  retched\n  If you retch, your stomach moves as if you are vomiting.\nThe smell made me retch.\n  VERB: V\n  = heave


Words: retd
Meaning:
retd is a written abbreviation for retired. It is used after someone’s name to indicate that they have retired from the army, navy, or air force.\n...Commander J. R. Simpson, RN (retd).


Words: retell
Meaning:
re.tell\n   retell  retells  retelling  retold\n  If you retell a story, you write it, tell it, or present it again, often in a different way from its original form.\nLucilla often asks her sisters to retell the story...\n  VERB: V n


Words: retention
Meaning:
re.ten.tion\n   retention\n  The retention of something is the keeping of it. (FORMAL)\nThey supported the retention of a strong central government.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N of n, n N


Words: retentive
Meaning:
re.ten.tive\n   retentive\n  If you have a retentive memory, you are able to remember things very well.\nLuke had an amazingly retentive memory.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rethink
Meaning:
re.think\n   rethink  rethinks  rethinking  rethought\n1. If you rethink something such as a problem, a plan, or a policy, you think about it again and change it.\nBoth major political parties are having to rethink their policies...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.think.ing\n...some fundamental rethinking of the way in which pilots are trained.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If you have a rethink of a problem, a plan, or a policy, you think about it again and change it. (JOURNALISM)\nThere must be a rethink of government policy towards this vulnerable group.\n  N-SING: oft N of/on n


Words: reticent
Meaning:
reti.cent\n   reticent\n  Someone who is reticent does not tell people about things.\nShe is so reticent about her achievements...\n  ADJ: oft ADJ about/on n\n\n=>  reti.cence\nPearl didn’t mind his reticence; in fact she liked it.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retina
Meaning:
reti.na\n   retina  retinas\n  Your retina is the area at the back of your eye. It receives the image that you see and then sends the image to your brain.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retinal
Meaning:
reti.nal\n   retinal\n  Retinal means relating to a person’s retina. (TECHNICAL)\n...retinal cancer.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: retinue
Meaning:
reti.nue\n   retinue  retinues\n  An important person’s retinue is the group of servants, friends, or assistants who go with them and look after their needs.\nMind trainers are now part of a tennis star’s retinue.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp, oft N of n\n  = entourage


Words: retire
Meaning:
re.tire\n   retire  retires  retiring  retired\n1. When older people retire, they leave their job and usually stop working completely.\nAt the age when most people retire, he is ready to face a new career...\nIn 1974 he retired from the museum.\n  VERB: V, V from n\n\n2. When a sports player retires from their sport, they stop playing in competitions. When they retire from a race or a match, they stop competing in it.\nI have decided to retire from Formula One racing at the end of the season...\n  VERB: V from n\n\n3. If you retire to another room or place, you go there. (FORMAL)\nEisenhower left the White House and retired to his farm in Gettysburg.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n4. When a jury in a court of law retires, the members of it leave the court in order to decide whether someone is guilty or innocent.\nThe jury will retire to consider its verdict today.\n  VERB: V\n\n5. When you retire, you go to bed. (FORMAL)\nShe retires early most nights, exhausted...\nSome time after midnight, he retired to bed.\n  VERB: V, V to n\n\n6.\n  see also retired, retiring


Words: retired
Meaning:
re.tired\n   retired\n1. A retired person is an older person who has left his or her job and has usually stopped working completely.\n...a seventy-three-year-old retired teacher from Florida.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2.\n  see also retire


Words: retiree
Meaning:
re.tiree\n   retiree  retirees\n  A retiree is a retired person. (mainly AM)\n...retirees who have completely different expectations of what later life might bring.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retirement
Meaning:
re.tire.ment\n   retirement  retirements\n1. Retirement is the time when a worker retires.\n...the proportion of the population who are over retirement age...\n  N-VAR: oft N n\n\n2. A person’s retirement is the period in their life after they have retired.\n...financial support for the elderly during retirement.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retirement home
Meaning:
re.tire.ment home\n   retirement home  retirement homes\n  A retirement home is a place where old people live and are cared for when they are too old to look after themselves.\n  N-COUNT\n  = rest home, old people’s home


Words: retiring
Meaning:
re.tir.ing\n   retiring\n1. Someone who is retiring is shy and avoids meeting other people.\nI’m still that shy, retiring little girl who was afraid to ask for sweets in the shop.\n  ADJ\n\n2.\n  see also retire


Words: retool
Meaning:
re.tool\n   retool  retools  retooling  retooled\n  If the machines in a factory or the items of equipment used by a firm are retooled, they are replaced or changed so that they can do new tasks.\nEach time the product changes, the machines have to be retooled.\n  VERB: be V-ed, also V n, V\n\n=>  re.tool.ing\nRetooling, or recasting new toy moulds, is a slow and expensive process.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retort
Meaning:
re.tort\n   retort  retorts  retorting  retorted\n  To retort means to reply angrily to someone. (WRITTEN)\nWas he afraid, he was asked. `Afraid of what?’ he retorted...\nOthers retort that strong central power is a dangerous thing in Russia.\n  VERB: V with quote, V that\n\n  Retort is also a noun.\nHis sharp retort clearly made an impact.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retouch
Meaning:
re.touch\n   retouch  retouches  retouching  retouched\n  If someone retouches something such as a picture or a photograph, they improve it, for example by painting over parts of it.\nHe said the photographs had been retouched...\nShe retouched her make-up.\n  VERB: be V-ed, V n


Words: retrace
Meaning:
re.trace\n   retrace  retraces  retracing  retraced\n  If you retrace your steps or retrace your way, you return to the place you started from by going back along the same route.\nHe retraced his steps to the spot where he’d left the case.\n  VERB: V n


Words: retract
Meaning:
re.tract\n   retract  retracts  retracting  retracted\n1. If you retract something that you have said or written, you say that you did not mean it. (FORMAL)\nMr Smith hurriedly sought to retract the statement, but it had just been broadcast on national radio...\nHe’s hoping that if he makes me feel guilty, I’ll retract.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n=>  re.trac.tion      retractions\nMiss Pearce said she expected an unqualified retraction of his comments within twenty four hours.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing\n  = withdrawal\n2. When a part of a machine or a part of a person’s body retracts or is retracted, it moves inwards or becomes shorter. (FORMAL)\nTorn muscles retract, and lose strength, structure, and tightness.\n  VERB: V, also V n


Words: retractable
Meaning:
re.tract.able\n   retractable\n  A retractable part of a machine or a building can be moved inwards or backwards.\nA 20,000-seat arena with a retractable roof is planned.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: retrain
Meaning:
re.train\n   retrain  retrains  retraining  retrained\n  If you retrain, or if someone retrains you, you learn new skills, especially in order to get a new job.\nWhy not retrain for a job which will make you happier?...\nUnion leaders have called upon the government to help retrain workers.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n=>  re.train.ing\n...measures such as the retraining of the workforce at their place of work...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: retread
Meaning:
re.tread\n   retread  retreads\n1. If you describe something such as a book, film, or song as a retread, you mean that it contains ideas or elements that have been used before, and that it is not very interesting or original.\nHis last book, `Needful Things’, was a retread of tired material.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, oft N of n  disapproval\n\n2. A retread is an old tyre which has been given a new surface or tread and can be used again.\n  N-COUNT\n  = remould


Words: retreat
Meaning:
re.treat\n   retreat  retreats  retreating  retreated\n1. If you retreat, you move away from something or someone.\n`I’ve already got a job,’ I said quickly, and retreated from the room...\n  VERB: V prep, also V\n\n2. When an army retreats, it moves away from enemy forces in order to avoid fighting them.\nThe French, suddenly outnumbered, were forced to retreat...\n  VERB: V\n\n  Retreat is also a noun.\nIn June 1942, the British 8th Army was in full retreat.\n  N-VAR\n\n3. If you retreat from something such as a plan or a way of life, you give it up, usually in order to do something safer or less extreme.\nI believe people should live in houses that allow them to retreat from the harsh realities of life...\n  VERB: V from/into n\n\n  Retreat is also a noun.\nThe President’s remarks appear to signal that there will be no retreat from his position...\n  N-VAR: usu N from/into n\n\n4. A retreat is a quiet, isolated place that you go to in order to rest or to do things in private.\nHe spent yesterday hidden away in his country retreat.\n  N-COUNT: oft supp N\n\n5. If you beat a retreat, you leave a place quickly in order to avoid an embarrassing or dangerous situation.\nCockburn decided it was time to beat a hasty retreat.\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: retrench
Meaning:
re.trench\n   retrench  retrenches  retrenching  retrenched\n  If a person or organization retrenches, they spend less money. (FORMAL)\nShortly afterwards, cuts in defence spending forced the aerospace industry to retrench.\n  VERB: V


Words: retrenchment
Meaning:
re.trench.ment\n   retrenchment  retrenchments\n  Retrenchment means spending less money. (FORMAL)\nDefense planners predict an extended period of retrenchment.\n  N-VAR


Words: retrial
Meaning:
re.tri.al\n   retrial  retrials\n  A retrial is a second trial of someone for the same offence.\nJudge Ian Starforth Hill said the jury’s task was `beyond the realms of possibility’ and ordered a retrial.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing


Words: retribution
Meaning:
ret.ri.bu.tion\n   retribution\n  Retribution is punishment for a crime, especially punishment which is carried out by someone other than the official authorities. (FORMAL)\nHe didn’t want any further involvement for fear of retribution.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: retrieval
Meaning:
re.triev.al\n   retrieval\n1. The retrieval of information from a computer is the process of getting it back.\n...electronic storage and retrieval systems.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. The retrieval of something is the process of getting it back from a particular place, especially from a place where it should not be.\nIts real purpose is the launching and retrieval of small aeroplanes in flight.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = recovery


Words: retrieve
Meaning:
re.trieve\n   retrieve  retrieves  retrieving  retrieved\n1. If you retrieve something, you get it back from the place where you left it.\nThe men were trying to retrieve weapons left when the army abandoned the island.\n  VERB: V n\n  = recover\n2. If you manage to retrieve a situation, you succeed in bringing it back into a more acceptable state.\nHe is the one man who could retrieve that situation.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. To retrieve information from a computer or from your memory means to get it back.\nComputers can instantly retrieve millions of information bits...\n  VERB: V n


Words: retriever
Meaning:
re.triev.er\n   retriever  retrievers\n  A retriever is a kind of dog. Retrievers are traditionally used to bring back birds and animals which their owners have shot.\n  N-COUNT


Words: retro
Meaning:
ret.ro\n   retro\n  Retro clothes, music, and objects are based on the styles of the past. (JOURNALISM)\n...clothes shops where original versions of today’s retro looks can be found.\n  ADJ


Words: retro-
Meaning:
retro-\n  Retro- is used to form adjectives and nouns which indicate that something goes back or goes backwards.\n...exotic effects and retro-style photography.\n  PREFIX


Words: retroactive
Meaning:
retro.ac.tive\n   retroactive\n  If a decision or action is retroactive, it is intended to take effect from a date in the past. (FORMAL)\nThere are few precedents for this sort of retroactive legislation.\n  ADJ\n  = retrospective\n=>  retro.ac.tive.ly\nIt isn’t yet clear whether the new law can actually be applied retroactively.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n  = retrospectively


Words: retrofit
Meaning:
retro.fit\n   retrofit  retrofits  retrofitting  retrofitted\n  To retrofit a machine or a building means to put new parts or new equipment in it after it has been in use for some time, especially to improve its safety or make it work better.\nMuch of this business involves retrofitting existing planes...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Retrofit is also a noun.\nA retrofit may involve putting in new door jambs...\n  N-COUNT; also N n


Words: retrograde
Meaning:
retro.grade\n   retrograde\n  A retrograde action is one that you think makes a situation worse rather than better. (FORMAL)\nThe Prime Minister described transferring education to central government funding as `a retrograde step’.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: retrogression
Meaning:
retro.gres.sion\n   retrogression\n  Retrogression means moving back to an earlier and less efficient stage of development. (FORMAL)\nThere has been a retrogression in the field of human rights since 1975.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N\n  = regression


Words: retrogressive
Meaning:
retro.gres.sive\n   retrogressive\n  If you describe an action or idea as retrogressive, you disapprove of it because it returns to old ideas or beliefs and does not take advantage of recent progress. (FORMAL)\n...the retrogressive policies of the National parties.\n  ADJ  disapproval\n  = regressive


Words: retrospect
Meaning:
retro.spect\n   retrospect\n  When you consider something in retrospect, you think about it afterwards, and often have a different opinion about it from the one that you had at the time.\nIn retrospect, I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action...\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl


Words: retrospective
Meaning:
retro.spec.tive\n   retrospective  retrospectives\n1. A retrospective is an exhibition or showing of work done by an artist over many years, rather than his or her most recent work.\n...a retrospective of the films of Judy Garland...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Retrospective feelings or opinions concern things that happened in the past.\nAfterwards, retrospective fear of the responsibility would make her feel almost faint.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  retro.spec.tive.ly\nRetrospectively, it seems as if they probably were negligent...\n  ADV: ADV with cl, ADV with v\n\n3. Retrospective laws or legal actions take effect from a date before the date when they are officially approved.\nBankers are quick to condemn retrospective tax legislation.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  retro.spec.tive.ly\n...a decree which retrospectively changes the electoral law under which last year’s national elections were held.\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: retune
Meaning:
re.tune\n   retune   retunes   retuning   retuned\n  To retune a piece of equipment such as a radio, television, or video means to adjust it so that it receives a different channel, or so that it receives the same channel on a different frequency.\n...this means that listeners in cars should not have to retune as they drive across the country.\n...plans to retune VCRs to allow viewers to receive the signal.\n  VERB: V, V n


Words: return
Meaning:
re.turn\n   return  returns  returning  returned\n1. When you return to a place, you go back there after you have been away.\nBlair will return to London tonight...\nSo far more than 350,000 people have returned home.\n  VERB: V to/from n, V adv\n\n2. Your return is your arrival back at a place where you had been before.\nRyle explained the reason for his sudden return to London.\n  N-SING: with poss\n\n3. If you return something that you have borrowed or taken, you give it back or put it back.\nI enjoyed the book and said so when I returned it...\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Return is also a noun.\nThe main demand of the Indians is for the return of one-and-a-half-million acres of forest to their communities.\n  N-SING: usu N of n\n\n4. If you return something somewhere, you put it back where it was.\nHe returned the notebook to his jacket.\n  VERB: V n to n\n\n5. If you return someone’s action, you do the same thing to them as they have just done to you. If you return someone’s feeling, you feel the same way towards them as they feel towards you.\nBack at the station the Chief Inspector returned the call...\n  VERB: V n\n\n6. If a feeling or situation returns, it comes back or happens again after a period when it was not present.\nOfficial reports in Algeria suggest that calm is returning to the country...\n  VERB: V\n\n  Return is also a noun.\nIt was like the return of his youth.\n  N-SING: with supp\n\n7. If you return to a state that you were in before, you start being in that state again.\nLife has improved and returned to normal.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n  Return is also a noun.\nHe made an uneventful return to normal health...\n  N-SING: N to n\n\n8. If you return to a subject that you have mentioned before, you begin talking about it again.\nThe power of the Church is one theme all these writers return to.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n9. If you return to an activity that you were doing before, you start doing it again.\nAt that stage he will be 52, young enough to return to politics if he wishes to do so.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n  Return is also a noun.\nHe has not ruled out the shock possibility of a return to football.\n  N-SING: N to n\n\n10. When a judge or jury returns a verdict, they announce whether they think the person on trial is guilty or not.\nThey returned a verdict of not guilty.\n  VERB: V n\n\n11. A return ticket is a ticket for a journey from one place to another and then back again. (mainly BRIT)\nHe bought a return ticket and boarded the next train for home.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n  Return is also a noun. (in AM, usually use round trip)\nBA and Air France charge more than .400 for a return to Nice.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also day return\n12. The return trip or journey is the part of a journey that takes you back to where you started from.\nBuy an extra ticket for the return trip.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  !=outward\n13. The return on an investment is the profit that you get from it. (BUSINESS)\nProfits have picked up this year but the return on capital remains tiny...\n  N-COUNT\n\n14. A tax return is an official form that you fill in with details about your income and personal situation, so that the income tax you owe can be calculated.\nHe was convicted of filing false income tax returns...\nAnyone with slight complications in their tax affairs is likely to be asked to fill in a return.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also tax return\n15. When it is someone’s birthday, people sometimes say `Many happy returns’ to them as a way of greeting them.\n  CONVENTION  formulae\n\n16. If you do something in return for what someone else has done for you, you do it because they did that thing for you.\nThe deal offers an increase in policy value in return for giving up guarantees.\n  PHRASE\n\n17. If you say that you have reached the point of no return, you mean that you now have to continue with what you are doing and it is too late to stop.\nThe release of Mr Nelson Mandela marked the point of no return in South Africa’s movement away from apartheid.\n  PHRASE\n\n18.\nto return fire: see fire


Words: return match
Meaning:
re.turn match\n   return match  return matches\n  A return match is the second of two matches that are played by two sports teams or two players. (BRIT; in AM, use rematch)\n  N-COUNT: usu sing


Words: return visit
Meaning:
re.turn vis.it\n   return visit  return visits\n  If you make a return visit, you visit someone who has already visited you, or you go back to a place where you have already been once.\nHe made a nostalgic return visit to Germany.\n  N-COUNT


Words: returnable
Meaning:
re.turn.able\n   returnable\n1. Returnable containers are intended to be taken back to the place they came from so that they can be used again.\nAll beverages must be sold in returnable containers.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=non-returnable\n2. If something such as a sum of money or a document is returnable, it will eventually be given back to the person who provided it.\nLandlords can charge a returnable deposit.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: returnee
Meaning:
re.turnee\n   returnee  returnees\n  A returnee is a person who returns to the country where they were born, usually after they have been away for a long time.\nThe number of returnees could go as high as half a million.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: returner
Meaning:
re.turn.er\n   returner  returners\n  A returner is someone who returns to work after a period when they did not work, especially a woman who returns after having children. (BRIT)\nMany returners are far better at working with people than they were when they were younger.\n  N-COUNT


Words: returning officer
Meaning:
re.turn.ing of.fic.er\n   returning officer  returning officers\n  In Britain, the returning officer for a particular town or district is an official who is responsible for arranging an election and who formally announces the result.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reunification
Meaning:
re.uni.fi.ca.tion\n   reunification\n  The reunification of a country or city that has been divided into two or more parts for some time is the joining of it together again.\n...the reunification of East and West Beirut in 1991.\n  N-UNCOUNT: with supp


Words: reunion
Meaning:
re.union\n   reunion  reunions\n1. A reunion is a party attended by members of the same family, school, or other group who have not seen each other for a long time.\nThe Association holds an annual reunion...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n2. A reunion is a meeting between people who have been separated for some time.\nThe children weren’t allowed to see her for nearly a week. It was a very emotional reunion.\n  N-VAR: usu with supp


Words: reunite
Meaning:
re.unite\n   reunite  reunites  reuniting  reunited\n1. If people are reunited, or if they reunite, they meet each other again after they have been separated for some time.\nShe and her youngest son were finally allowed to be reunited with their family...\nShe spent the post-war years of her marriage trying to reunite father and son...\nThe band will reunite for this show only.\n  VERB: be V-ed with n, V n, V\n\n2. If a divided organization or country is reunited, or if it reunites, it becomes one united organization or country again.\n...a federation under which the divided island would be reunited...\nHis first job will be to reunite the army.\n...when East and West Germany reunited.\n  VERB: be V-ed, V n, V


Words: reusable
Meaning:
re.us.able\n   reusable   also re-usable\n  Things that are reusable can be used more than once.\n...re-usable plastic containers.\n  ADJ\n  !=disposable


Words: reuse
Meaning:
re.use\n   reuse reuses reusing  reused\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n  When you reuse something, you use it again instead of throwing it away.\nTry where possible to reuse paper.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Reuse is also a noun.\nCopper, brass and aluminium are separated and remelted for reuse.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rev
Meaning:
rev  revs  revving  revved\n1. When the engine of a vehicle revs, or when you rev it, the engine speed is increased as the accelerator is pressed.\nThe engine started, revved and the car jerked away down the hill...\nThe old bus was revving its engine, ready to start the journey back towards Madrid.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n  Rev up means the same as rev.\n...drivers revving up their engines.\n...the sound of a car revving up.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V P\n\n2. If you talk about the revs of an engine, you are referring to its speed, which is measured in revolutions per minute.\nThe engine delivers instant acceleration whatever the revs.\n  N-PLURAL


Words: rev counter
Meaning:
rev coun.ter\n   rev counter\n  A rev counter is an instrument in a car or an aeroplane which shows the speed of the engine. (BRIT)\n  N-SING\n  = tachometer


Words: Rev.
Meaning:
Rev.\n  Rev. is a written abbreviation for Reverend. (in BRIT, use Revd)\n...the Rev John Roberts.\n\n  The spelling Rev is also used.


Words: revalue
Meaning:
re.value\n   revalue  revalues  revaluing  revalued\n1. When a country revalues its currency, it increases the currency’s value so that it can buy more foreign currency than before.\nCountries enjoying surpluses will be under no pressure to revalue their currencies.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.valua.tion      revaluations\nThere was a general revaluation of other currencies but not the pound.\n  N-VAR: oft N of n\n\n2. To revalue something means to increase the amount that you calculate it is worth so that its value stays roughly the same in comparison with other things, even if there is inflation.\nIt is now usual to revalue property assets on a more regular basis.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.valua.tion\nSome British banks have used doubtful property revaluations to improve their capital ratios.\n  N-VAR: oft N of n


Words: revamp
Meaning:
re.vamp\n   revamp  revamps  revamping  revamped\n  If someone revamps something, they make changes to it in order to try and improve it.\nAll Italy’s political parties have accepted that it is time to revamp the system...\nRicardo Bofill, the Catalan architect, has designed the revamped airport.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed\n\n  Revamp is also a noun.\nThe revamp includes replacing the old navy uniform with a crisp blue and white cotton outfit.\n  N-SING\n\n=>  re.vamp.ing\nExpected changes include a revamping of the courts.\n  N-SING: with supp


Words: reveal
Meaning:
re.veal\n   reveal  reveals  revealing  revealed\n1. To reveal something means to make people aware of it.\nShe has refused to reveal the whereabouts of her daughter...\nA survey of the British diet has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight...\nNo test will reveal how much of the drug was taken.\n  VERB: V n, V that, V wh\n\n2. If you reveal something that has been out of sight, you uncover it so that people can see it.\nA grey carpet was removed to reveal the original pine floor.\n  VERB: V n\n  = show


Words: revealing
Meaning:
re.veal.ing\n   revealing\n1. A revealing statement, account, or action tells you something that you did not know, especially about the person doing it or making it.\n...a revealing interview.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  re.veal.ing.ly\nEven more revealingly, he says: `There’s no such thing as failure.’\n  ADV\n\n2. Revealing clothes allow more of a person’s body to be seen than is usual.\nShe was wearing a tight and revealing gold dress.\n  ADJ


Words: reveille
Meaning:
re.veil.le\n   reveille\n  Reveille is the time when soldiers have to get up in the morning.\nIt must be nearly six; soon would be reveille and the end of the night’s rest.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: revel
Meaning:
rev.el\n   revel  revels  revelling  revelled\nin AM, use reveling, reveled\n1. If you revel in a situation or experience, you enjoy it very much.\nRevelling in her freedom, she took a hotel room and stayed for several days...\n  VERB: V in n\n\n2. Revels are noisy celebrations. (LITERARY)\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: revelation
Meaning:
rev.ela.tion\n   revelation  revelations\n1. A revelation is a surprising or interesting fact that is made known to people.\n...the seemingly everlasting revelations about his private life.\n  N-COUNT: oft N about n, N that\n\n2. The revelation of something is the act of making it known.\n...following the revelation of his affair with a former secretary...\n  N-VAR: oft N of n\n\n3. If you say that something you experienced was a revelation, you are saying that it was very surprising or very good.\nDegas’s work had been a revelation to her.\n  N-SING: a N, oft N to n\n\n4. A divine revelation is a sign or explanation from God about his nature or purpose.\n  N-VAR


Words: revelatory
Meaning:
rev.ela.tory\n   revelatory\n  A revelatory account or statement tells you a lot that you did not know.\n...Barbara Stoney’s revelatory account of the author’s life.\n  ADJ


Words: reveller
Meaning:
rev.el.ler\n   reveller  revellers\nin AM, use reveler\n  Revellers are people who are enjoying themselves in a noisy way, often while they are drunk. (LITERARY)\nMany of the revellers are tourists and British day-trippers.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: revelry
Meaning:
rev.el.ry\n   revelry  revelries\n  Revelry is people enjoying themselves in a noisy way, often while they are drunk. (LITERARY)\n...New Year revelries.\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl


Words: revenge
Meaning:
re.venge\n   revenge  revenges  revenging  revenged\n1. Revenge involves hurting or punishing someone who has hurt or harmed you.\nThe attackers were said to be taking revenge on the 14-year-old, claiming he was a school bully...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N on/for/against n\n\n2. If you revenge yourself on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return. (WRITTEN)\nThe Sunday Mercury accused her of trying to revenge herself on her former lover...\n...the relatives of murdered villagers wanting to revenge the dead.\n  VERB: V pron-refl on n, V n\n  = avenge


Words: revenue
Meaning:
rev.enue\n   revenue  revenues\n  Revenue is money that a company, organization, or government receives from people. (BUSINESS)\n...a boom year at the cinema, with record advertising revenue and the highest ticket sales since 1980...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl, usu with supp\n\n  see also Inland Revenue


Words: reverb
Meaning:
re.verb\n   reverb\n  Reverb is a shaking or echoing effect that is added to a sound, often by an electronic device.\nThe unit includes built-in digital effects like reverb.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reverberate
Meaning:
re.ver.ber.ate\n   reverberate  reverberates  reverberating  reverberated\n1. When a loud sound reverberates through a place, it echoes through it.\nThe sound of the tank guns reverberated through the little Bavarian town...\nA woman’s shrill laughter reverberated in the courtyard.\n  VERB: V prep, V\n\n2. You can say that an event or idea reverberates when it has a powerful effect which lasts a long time.\nThe controversy surrounding the take-over yesterday continued to reverberate around the television industry...\nThe news sent shock waves through the community that have continued to reverberate to this day.\n  VERB: V prep, V


Words: reverberation
Meaning:
re.ver.bera.tion\n   reverberation  reverberations\n1. Reverberations are serious effects that follow a sudden, dramatic event.\nThe move by the two London colleges is sending reverberations through higher education.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n2. A reverberation is the shaking and echoing effect that you hear after a loud sound has been made.\nJason heard the reverberation of the slammed door.\n  N-VAR\n  = echo


Words: revere
Meaning:
re.vere\n   revere  reveres  revering  revered\n  If you revere someone or something, you respect and admire them greatly. (FORMAL)\nThe Chinese revered corn as a gift from heaven...\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  re.vered\n...some of the country’s most revered institutions.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: reverence
Meaning:
rev.er.ence\n   reverence\n  Reverence for someone or something is a feeling of great respect for them. (FORMAL)\n...showing a deep reverence for their religion.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Reverend
Meaning:
Rev.er.end\n   Reverend\n  Reverend is a title used before the name or rank of an officially appointed religious leader. The abbreviation Rev or Revd is also used.\nThe service was led by the Reverend Jim Simons.\n  N-TITLE: oft the N n


Words: reverent
Meaning:
rev.er.ent\n   reverent\n  If you describe someone’s behaviour as reverent, you mean that they are showing great respect for a person or thing.\n...the reverent hush of a rapt audience...\n  ADJ\n  !=irreverent\n=>  rev.er.ent.ly\nHe got up and took the book out almost reverently.\n  ADV: usu ADV after v


Words: reverential
Meaning:
rev.er.en.tial\n   reverential\n  Something that is reverential has the qualities of respect and admiration. (FORMAL)\n`That’s the old foresters’ garden,’ she said in reverential tones.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rev.er.en.tial.ly\nHe reverentially returned the novel to a glass-fronted bookcase.\n  ADV: ADV with v


Words: reverie
Meaning:
rev.erie\n   reverie  reveries\n  A reverie is a state of imagining or thinking about pleasant things, as if you are dreaming. (FORMAL)\nThe announcer’s voice brought Holden out of his reverie.\n  N-COUNT\n  = daydream


Words: reversal
Meaning:
re.ver.sal\n   reversal  reversals\n1. A reversal of a process, policy, or trend is a complete change in it.\nThe Financial Times says the move represents a complete reversal of previous US policy...\n  N-COUNT: oft N of n\n\n2. When there is a role reversal or a reversal of roles, two people or groups exchange their positions or functions.\nWhen children end up taking care of their parents, it is a strange role reversal indeed.\n  N-COUNT: n N, N of n


Words: reverse
Meaning:
re.verse\n   reverse  reverses  reversing  reversed\n1. When someone or something reverses a decision, policy, or trend, they change it to the opposite decision, policy, or trend.\nThey have made it clear they will not reverse the decision to increase prices...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. If you reverse the order of a set of things, you arrange them in the opposite order, so that the first thing comes last.\nThe normal word order is reversed in passive sentences.\n  VERB: be V-ed\n\n3. If you reverse the positions or functions of two things, you change them so that each thing has the position or function that the other one had.\nHe reversed the position of the two stamps.\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. When a car reverses or when you reverse it, the car is driven backwards. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use back up)\nAnother car reversed out of the drive...\nHe reversed his car straight at the policeman.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n5. If your car is in reverse, you have changed gear so that you can drive it backwards.\nHe lurched the car in reverse along the ruts to the access road.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu in/into N\n\n6. Reverse means opposite to what you expect or to what has just been described.\nThe wrong attitude will have exactly the reverse effect.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = opposite\n7. If you say that one thing is the reverse of another, you are emphasizing that the first thing is the complete opposite of the second thing.\nThere is absolutely no evidence at all that spectators want longer cricket matches. Quite the reverse...\n  N-SING: the N\n\n8. A reverse is a serious failure or defeat. (FORMAL)\nIt’s clear that the party of the former Prime Minister has suffered a major reverse.\n  N-COUNT\n  = setback\n9. The reverse or the reverse side of a flat object which has two sides is the less important or the other side.\nCheques should be made payable to Country Living and your address written on the reverse.\n  N-SING: the N\n  = back  !=front\n10. If something happens in reverse or goes into reverse, things happen in the opposite way to what usually happens or to what has been happening.\nAmis tells the story in reverse, from the moment the man dies...\n  PHRASE: v PHR\n\n11. If you reverse the charges when you make a telephone call, the person who you are phoning pays the cost of the call and not you. (BRIT; in AM, use call collect)\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: reverse charge call
Meaning:
re.verse charge call\n   reverse charge call  reverse charge calls\n  A reverse charge call is a telephone call which is paid for by the person who receives the call, rather than the person who makes the call. (BRIT; in AM, use collect call)\n  N-COUNT


Words: reverse discrimination
Meaning:
re.verse dis.crimi.na.tion\n   reverse discrimination\n  Reverse discrimination is the same as positive discrimination.\n...a policy of reverse discrimination in favour of children from poor backgrounds.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reverse engineering
Meaning:
re.verse en.gi.neer.ing\n\n  Reverse engineering is a process in which a product or system is analysed in order to see how it works, so that a similar version of the product or system can be produced more cheaply. (BUSINESS)\nXerox set about a process of reverse engineering. It pulled the machines apart and investigated the Japanese factories to find out how they could pull off such feats.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reverse gear
Meaning:
re.verse gear\n   reverse gear  reverse gears\n  The reverse gear of a vehicle is the gear which you use in order to make the vehicle go backwards.\n  N-VAR


Words: reverse video
Meaning:
re.verse video\n\n  Reverse video is the process of reversing the colours of normal characters and background on a computer screen, in order to highlight the display. (COMPUTING)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reversible
Meaning:
re.vers.ible\n   reversible\n1. If a process or an action is reversible, its effects can be reversed so that the original situation returns.\nHeart disease is reversible in some cases, according to a study published last summer.\n  ADJ\n  !=irreversible\n2. Reversible clothes or materials have been made so that either side can be worn or shown as the outside.\n...a reversible waistcoat.\n  ADJ


Words: reversing light
Meaning:
re.vers.ing light\n   reversing light  reversing lights\n  Reversing lights are the white lights on the back of a motor vehicle which shine when the vehicle is in reverse gear. (BRIT; in AM, use back-up lights)\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: reversion
Meaning:
re.ver.sion\n   reversion  reversions\n1. A reversion to a previous state, system, or kind of behaviour is a change back to it.\nThis is a reversion to the system under which the Royals were paid for nearly 300 years.\n  N-SING: also no det, N to n\n  = return\n2. The reversion of land or property to a person, family, or country is the return to them of the ownership or control of the land or property. (LEGAL)\n  N-VAR: oft the N of n to n


Words: revert
Meaning:
re.vert\n   revert  reverts  reverting  reverted\n1. When people or things revert to a previous state, system, or type of behaviour, they go back to it.\nJackson said her boss became increasingly depressed and reverted to smoking heavily.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n2. When someone reverts to a previous topic, they start talking or thinking about it again. (WRITTEN)\nIn the car she reverted to the subject uppermost in her mind.\n  VERB: V to n\n\n3. If property, rights, or money revert to someone, they become that person’s again after someone else has had them for a period of time. (LEGAL)\nWhen the lease ends, the property reverts to the freeholder.\n  VERB: V to n


Words: review
Meaning:
re.view\n   review  reviews  reviewing  reviewed\n1. A review of a situation or system is its formal examination by people in authority. This is usually done in order to see whether it can be improved or corrected.\nThe president ordered a review of US economic aid to Jordan...\n  N-COUNT: oft N of n, also prep N\n\n2. If you review a situation or system, you consider it carefully to see what is wrong with it or how it could be improved.\nThe Prime Minister reviewed the situation with his Cabinet yesterday...\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. A review is a report in the media in which someone gives their opinion of something such as a new book or film.\nWe’ve never had a good review in the music press.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. If someone reviews something such as a new book or film, they write a report or give a talk on television or radio in which they express their opinion of it.\nRichard Coles reviews all of the latest video releases...\n  VERB: V n\n\n5. When you review for an examination, you read things again and make notes in order to be prepared for the examination. (AM)\nReviewing for exams gives you a chance to bring together all the individual parts of the course...\nReview all the notes you need to cover for each course.\n  VERB: V for, V n\n\n  Review is also a noun. (in BRIT, use revise)\nBegin by planning on three two-hour reviews with four chapters per session.\n  N-COUNT


Words: review board
Meaning:
re.view board\n   review board  review boards\n  A review board is a group of people in authority who examine a situation or system to see if it should be improved, corrected, or changed.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reviewer
Meaning:
re.view.er\n   reviewer  reviewers\n  A reviewer is a person who reviews new books, films, television programmes, CDs, plays, or concerts.\n...the reviewer for the Times Literary Supplement.\n  N-COUNT


Words: reviewing stand
Meaning:
re.view.ing stand\n   reviewing stand  reviewing stands\n  A reviewing stand is a special raised platform from which military and political leaders watch military parades.\n  N-COUNT


Words: revile
Meaning:
re.vile\n   revile  reviles  reviling  reviled\n  If someone or something is reviled, people hate them intensely or show their hatred of them. (FORMAL)\nHe was just as feared and reviled as his tyrannical parents...\nWhat right had the crowd to revile the England players for something they could not help...?\n  VERB: be V-ed, V n\n  = hate\n=>  re.viled\nHe is probably the most reviled man in contemporary theatre.\n  ADJ


Words: revise
Meaning:
re.vise\n   revise  revises  revising  revised\n1. If you revise the way you think about something, you adjust your thoughts, usually in order to make them better or more suited to how things are.\nHe soon came to revise his opinion of the profession.\n  VERB: V n\n  = change\n2. If you revise a price, amount, or estimate, you change it to make it more fair, realistic, or accurate.\nThey realised that some of their prices were higher than their competitors’ and revised prices accordingly...\n  VERB: V n\n  = change\n3. When you revise an article, a book, a law, or a piece of music, you change it in order to improve it, make it more modern, or make it more suitable for a particular purpose.\nThree editors handled the work of revising the articles for publication...\nThe staff should work together to revise the school curriculum.\n  VERB: V n for n, V n\n  = change\n4. When you revise for an examination, you read things again and make notes in order to be prepared for the examination. (BRIT; in AM, use review)\nI have to revise for maths...\nI’d better skip the party and stay at home to revise.\n  VERB: V for n, V


Words: revision
Meaning:
re.vi.sion\n   revision  revisions\n1. To make a revision of something that is written or something that has been decided means to make changes to it in order to improve it, make it more modern, or make it more suitable for a particular purpose.\nThe phase of writing that is actually most important is revision...\nA major addition to the earlier revisions of the questionnaire is the job requirement exercise.\n  N-VAR: oft N of n\n\n2. When people who are studying do revision, they read things again and make notes in order to prepare for an examination. (BRIT; in AM, use review)\nSome girls prefer to do their revision at home.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft poss N


Words: revisionism
Meaning:
re.vi.sion.ism\n   revisionism\n  Revisionism is a theory of socialism that is more moderate than normal Marxist theory, and is therefore considered unacceptable by most Marxists. (FORMAL)\nThe reforms come after decades of hostility to revisionism.\n  N-UNCOUNT  disapproval


Words: revisionist
Meaning:
re.vi.sion.ist\n   revisionist  revisionists\n1. If you describe a person or their views as revisionist, you mean that they reject traditionally held beliefs about a particular historical event or events. (FORMAL)\n...the revisionist interpretation of the French Revolution.\n  ADJ\n\n  A revisionist is a person who has revisionist views. (FORMAL)\nThe reputation of the navigator is under assault from historical revisionists.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If a socialist describes another socialist’s actions or opinions as revisionist, they mean that they are unacceptable because they are more moderate than normal Marxist theory allows. (FORMAL)\nThis revisionist thesis departs even further from Marxist assertions.\n  ADJ  disapproval\n\n  A revisionist is a person who has revisionist views. (FORMAL)\n...ferocious infighting between Stalinist hardliners and revisionists.\n  N-COUNT


Words: revisit
Meaning:
re.vis.it\n   revisit  revisits  revisiting  revisited\n  If you revisit a place, you return there for a visit after you have been away for a long time, often after the place has changed a lot.\nIn the summer, when we returned to Canada, we revisited this lake at dawn.\n  VERB: V n


Words: revitalize
Meaning:
re.vi.tal.ize\n   revitalize  revitalizes  revitalizing  revitalized\nin BRIT, also use revitalise\n  To revitalize something that has lost its activity or its health means to make it active or healthy again.\nThis hair conditioner is excellent for revitalizing dry, lifeless hair.\n  VERB: V n\n  = revive


Words: revival
Meaning:
re.viv.al\n   revival  revivals\n1. When there is a revival of something, it becomes active or popular again.\nThis return to realism has produced a revival of interest in a number of artists...\n  N-COUNT: oft N of n\n\n2. A revival is a new production of a play, an opera, or a ballet.\n...John Clement’s revival of Chekhov’s `The Seagull’.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A revival meeting is a public religious event that is intended to make people more interested in Christianity.\nHe toured South Africa organizing revival meetings.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N n


Words: revivalism
Meaning:
re.viv.al.ism\n   revivalism\n  Revivalism is a movement whose aim is to make a religion more popular and more influential.\n...a time of intense religious revivalism.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu adj N


Words: revivalist
Meaning:
re.viv.al.ist\n   revivalist  revivalists\n  Revivalist people or activities are involved in trying to make a particular religion more popular and more influential.\n...the Hindu revivalist party...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n  Revivalist is also a noun.\nBooth was a revivalist intent on his Christian vocation.\n  N-COUNT


Words: revive
Meaning:
re.vive\n   revive  revives  reviving  revived\n1. When something such as the economy, a business, a trend, or a feeling is revived or when it revives, it becomes active, popular, or successful again.\n...an attempt to revive the British economy...\nThere is no doubt that grades have improved and interest in education has revived.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n2. When someone revives a play, opera, or ballet, they present a new production of it.\nThe Gaiety is reviving John B. Kean’s comedy `The Man from Clare’.\n  VERB: V n\n\n3. If you manage to revive someone who has fainted or if they revive, they become conscious again.\nShe and a neighbour tried in vain to revive him...\nWith a glazed stare she revived for one last instant.\n  VERB: V n, V


Words: revivify
Meaning:
re.vivi.fy\n   revivify  revivifies  revivifying  revivified\n  To revivify a situation, event, or activity means to make it more active, lively, or efficient. (FORMAL)\nThey’ve revivified rhythm and blues singing by giving it dance beats.\n  VERB: V n\n  = revitalize


Words: revoke
Meaning:
re.voke\n   revoke  revokes  revoking  revoked\n  When people in authority revoke something such as a licence, a law, or an agreement, they cancel it. (FORMAL)\nThe government revoked her husband’s license to operate migrant labor crews.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  revo.ca.tion\nThe Montserrat government announced its revocation of 311 banking licences.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: revolt
Meaning:
re.volt\n   revolt  revolts  revolting  revolted\n1. A revolt is an illegal and often violent attempt by a group of people to change their country’s political system.\nIt was undeniably a revolt by ordinary people against their leaders...\n  N-VAR\n  = rebellion\n2. When people revolt, they make an illegal and often violent attempt to change their country’s political system.\nIn 1375 the townspeople revolted...\n  VERB: V\n\n3. A revolt by a person or group against someone or something is a refusal to accept the authority of that person or thing.\nThe prime minister is facing a revolt by party activists over his refusal to hold a referendum...\n  N-VAR\n  = rebellion\n4. When people revolt against someone or something, they reject the authority of that person or reject that thing.\nThe prime minister only reacted when three of his senior cabinet colleagues revolted and resigned in protest on Friday night...\nCaroline revolted against her ballet training at sixteen.\n  VERB: V, V against n\n  = rebel


Words: revolting
Meaning:
re.volt.ing\n   revolting\n  If you say that something or someone is revolting, you mean you think they are horrible and disgusting.\nThe smell in the cell was revolting...\n  ADJ\n  = disgusting


Words: revolution
Meaning:
revo.lu.tion\n   revolution  revolutions\n1. A revolution is a successful attempt by a large group of people to change the political system of their country by force.\nThe period since the revolution has been one of political turmoil.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A revolution in a particular area of human activity is an important change in that area.\nThe nineteenth century witnessed a revolution in ship design and propulsion.\n  N-COUNT: with supp


Words: revolutionary
Meaning:
revo.lu.tion.ary\n   revolutionary  revolutionaries\n1. Revolutionary activities, organizations, or people have the aim of causing a political revolution.\nDo you know anything about the revolutionary movement?\n...the Cuban revolutionary leader, Jose Marti.\n  ADJ\n\n2. A revolutionary is a person who tries to cause a revolution or who takes an active part in one.\nThe revolutionaries laid down their arms and its leaders went into voluntary exile.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. Revolutionary ideas and developments involve great changes in the way that something is done or made.\nInvented in 1951, the rotary engine is a revolutionary concept in internal combustion...\n  ADJ


Words: revolutionize
Meaning:
revo.lu.tion.ize\n   revolutionize  revolutionizes  revolutionizing  revolutionized\nin BRIT, also use revolutionise\n  When something revolutionizes an activity, it causes great changes in the way that it is done.\nOver the past forty years plastics have revolutionised the way we live...\n  VERB: V n


Words: revolve
Meaning:
re.volve\n   revolve  revolves  revolving  revolved\n1. If you say that one thing revolves around another thing, you mean that the second thing is the main feature or focus of the first thing.\nSince childhood, her life has revolved around tennis...\n  VERB: V around n\n\n2. If a discussion or conversation revolves around a particular topic, it is mainly about that topic.\nThe debate revolves around specific accounting techniques...\n  VERB: V around n\n\n3. If one object revolves around another object, the first object turns in a circle around the second object.\nThe satellite revolves around the Earth once every hundred minutes.\n  VERB: V around n\n\n4. When something revolves or when you revolve it, it moves or turns in a circle around a central point or line.\nOverhead, the fan revolved slowly...\nMonica picked up her Biro and revolved it between her teeth.\n  VERB: V, V n


Words: revolver
Meaning:
re.volv.er\n   revolver  revolvers\n  A revolver is a kind of hand gun. Its bullets are kept in a revolving cylinder in the gun.\n  N-COUNT


Words: revolving door
Meaning:
re.volv.ing door\n   revolving door  revolving doors\n1. Some large buildings have revolving doors instead of an ordinary door. They consist of four glass doors which turn together in a circle around a vertical post.\nAs he went through the revolving doors he felt his courage deserting him.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n2. When you talk about a revolving door, you mean a situation in which the employees or owners of an organization keep changing.\nThey have accepted an offer from another firm with a busy revolving door.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing  disapproval


Words: revue
Meaning:
re.vue\n   revue  revues\n  A revue is a theatrical performance consisting of songs, dances, and jokes about recent events.\n  N-COUNT


Words: revulsion
Meaning:
re.vul.sion\n   revulsion\n  Someone’s revulsion at something is the strong feeling of disgust or disapproval they have towards it.\n...their revulsion at the act of desecration...\n  N-UNCOUNT: also a N\n  = disgust


Words: revved up
Meaning:
revved up\n  If someone is revved up, they are prepared for an important or exciting activity. (INFORMAL)\nMy people come to work and I get them all revved up.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ\n  = psyched-up


Words: reward
Meaning:
re.ward\n   reward  rewards  rewarding  rewarded\n1. A reward is something that you are given, for example because you have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community.\nHe was given the job as a reward for running a successful leadership bid.\n  N-COUNT: oft N for n\n\n2. A reward is a sum of money offered to anyone who can give information about lost or stolen property or about someone who is wanted by the police.\nThe firm last night offered a .10,000 reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you do something and are rewarded with a particular benefit, you receive that benefit as a result of doing that thing.\nMake the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale.\n  VERB: be V-ed, also V n\n\n4. The rewards of something are the benefits that you receive as a result of doing or having that thing.\nThe company is only just starting to reap the rewards of long-term investments...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: rewarding
Meaning:
re.ward.ing\n   rewarding\n  An experience or action that is rewarding gives you satisfaction or brings you benefits.\n...a career which she found stimulating and rewarding...\n  ADJ\n  = satisfying


Words: rewind
Meaning:
re.wind\n   rewind rewinds rewinding  rewound\nThe verb is pronounced   The noun is pronounced\n1. When the tape in a video or tape recorder rewinds or when you rewind it, the tape goes backwards so that you can play it again. Compare fast forward.\nWaddington rewound the tape and played the message again...\nHe switched the control to the answer-play mode and waited for the tape to rewind.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n2. If you put a video or cassette tape on rewind, you make the tape go backwards. Compare fast forward.\nPress the rewind button...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N n


Words: rewire
Meaning:
re.wire\n   rewire  rewires  rewiring  rewired\n  If someone rewires a building or an electrical appliance, a new system of electrical wiring is put into it.\nTheir first job was to rewire the whole house and install central heating...\nI have had to spend a lot of money having my house replumbed and rewired.\n  VERB: V n, have n V-ed\n\n=>  re.wir.ing\nThe replumbing and rewiring of the flat ran very smoothly.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: reword
Meaning:
re.word\n   reword  rewords  rewording  reworded\n  When you reword something that is spoken or written, you try to express it in a way that is more accurate, more acceptable, or more easily understood.\nAll right, I’ll reword my question...\n  VERB: V n\n  = rephrase


Words: rework
Meaning:
re.work\n   rework  reworks  reworking  reworked\n  If you rework something such as an idea or a piece of writing, you reorganize it and make changes to it in order to improve it or bring it up to date.\nSee if you can rework your schedule and come up with practical ways to reduce the number of hours you’re on call.\n  VERB: V n\n  = revise\n=>  re.work.ing      reworkings\nHer latest novel seems at first sight to be a reworking of similar themes.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n


Words: rewritable
Meaning:
re.writ.able\n  also rewriteable\n  A rewritable CD or DVD is a CD or DVD that you can record onto more than once. Compare recordable.\n...rewritable discs.\n  ADJ


Words: rewrite
Meaning:
re.write\n   rewrite  rewrites  rewriting  rewrote  rewritten\n1. If someone rewrites a piece of writing such as a book, an article, or a law, they write it in a different way in order to improve it.\nFollowing this critique, students rewrite their papers and submit them for final evaluation...\n  VERB: V n\n  = rework\n2. If you accuse a government of rewriting history, you are criticizing them for selecting and presenting particular historical events in a way that suits their own purposes.\nWe have always been an independent people, no matter how they rewrite history...\n  VERB: V n  disapproval\n\n3. When journalists say that a sports player has rewritten the record books or the history books, they mean that the player has broken a record or several records.\n...the extraordinary West Country team that have rewritten all the record books in those three years...\n  VERB: V n\n\n4. In the film and television industries, a rewrite is the writing of parts of a film again in order to improve it.\nOnly after countless rewrites did John consider the script ready.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rhapsodic
Meaning:
rhap.sod.ic\n   rhapsodic\n  Language and feelings that are rhapsodic are very powerful and full of delight in something. (FORMAL)\n...a rhapsodic letter about the birth of her first baby.\n  ADJ


Words: rhapsodize
Meaning:
rhap.so.dize\n   rhapsodize  rhapsodizes  rhapsodizing  rhapsodized\nin BRIT, also use rhapsodise\n  If you rhapsodize about someone or something, you express great delight or enthusiasm about them. (FORMAL)\nThe critics rhapsodized over her performance in `Autumn Sonata’...\n  VERB: V over/about n


Words: rhapsody
Meaning:
rhap.so.dy\n   rhapsody  rhapsodies\n  A rhapsody is a piece of music which has an irregular form and is full of feeling.\n...George Gershwin’s Rhapsody In Blue.\n  N-COUNT: oft in names


Words: rhesus factor
Meaning:
rhe.sus fac.tor\n   rhesus factor\n  The rhesus factor is something that is in the blood of most people. If someone’s blood contains this factor, they are rhesus positive. If it does not, they are rhesus negative.\n  N-SING\n  = Rh factor


Words: rhetoric
Meaning:
rheto.ric\n   rhetoric\n1. If you refer to speech or writing as rhetoric, you disapprove of it because it is intended to convince and impress people but may not be sincere or honest.\nWhat is required is immediate action, not rhetoric...\n  N-UNCOUNT  disapproval\n\n2. Rhetoric is the skill or art of using language effectively. (FORMAL)\n...the noble institutions of political life, such as political rhetoric, public office and public service.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rhetorical
Meaning:
rhe.tori.cal\n   rhetorical\n1. A rhetorical question is one which is asked in order to make a statement rather than to get an answer.\nHe grimaced slightly, obviously expecting no answer to his rhetorical question...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  rhe.tori.cal.ly\n`Do these kids know how lucky they are?’ Jackson asked rhetorically.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n2. Rhetorical language is intended to be grand and impressive. (FORMAL)\nThese arguments may have been used as a rhetorical device to argue for a perpetuation of a United Nations role.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  rhe.tori.cal.ly\nSuddenly, the narrator speaks in his most rhetorically elevated mode.\n  ADV


Words: rhetorician
Meaning:
rhe.tori.cian\n   rhetorician  rhetoricians\n  A rhetorician is a person who is good at public speaking or who is trained in the art of rhetoric.\n...an able and fiercely contentious rhetorician.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rheumatic
Meaning:
rheu.mat.ic\n   rheumatic\n  Rheumatic is used to describe conditions and pains that are related to rheumatism. Rheumatic joints are swollen and painful because they are affected by rheumatism.\n...new treatments for a range of rheumatic diseases...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: rheumatic fever
Meaning:
rheu.mat.ic fe.ver\n   rheumatic fever\n  Rheumatic fever is a disease which causes fever, and swelling and pain in your joints.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rheumatism
Meaning:
rheu.ma.tism\n   rheumatism\n  Rheumatism is an illness that makes your joints or muscles stiff and painful. Older people, especially, suffer from rheumatism.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rheumatoid arthritis
Meaning:
rheu.ma.toid ar.thri.tis\n   rheumatoid arthritis\n  Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-lasting disease that causes your joints, for example your hands or knees, to swell up and become painful.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rheumatology
Meaning:
rheu.ma.tol.ogy\n   rheumatology\n  Rheumatology is the area of medicine that is concerned with rheumatism, arthritis, and related diseases.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n=>  rheu.ma.tolo.gist      rheumatologists\nHe was consultant rheumatologist at the Royal Hampshire Hospital.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rheumy
Meaning:
rheumy\n  If someone has rheumy eyes, their eyes are red and watery, usually because they are very ill or old. (LITERARY)\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rhinestone
Meaning:
rhine.stone\n   rhinestone  rhinestones\n  Rhinestones are shiny, glass jewels that are used in cheap jewellery and to decorate clothes.\n  N-COUNT: oft N n


Words: rhinitis
Meaning:
rhi.ni.tis\n   rhinitis\n  If you suffer from rhinitis or allergic rhinitis, your nose is very sore and liquid keeps coming out it. (MEDICAL)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rhinoceros
Meaning:
rhi.noc.er.os\n   rhinoceros  rhinoceroses\n  A rhinoceros is a large Asian or African animal with thick grey skin and a horn, or two horns, on its nose.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rhizome
Meaning:
rhi.zome\n   rhizome  rhizomes\n  Rhizomes are the horizontal stems from which some plants, such as irises, grow. Rhizomes are found on or just under the surface of the earth.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rhododendron
Meaning:
rho.do.den.dron\n   rhododendron  rhododendrons\n  A rhododendron is a large bush with large flowers which are usually pink, red, or purple.\n  N-VAR


Words: rhombus
Meaning:
rhom.bus\n   rhombus  rhombuses\n  A rhombus is a geometric shape which has four equal sides but is not a square. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rhubarb
Meaning:
rhu.barb\n   rhubarb\n  Rhubarb is a plant with large leaves and long red stems. You can cook the stems with sugar to make jam or puddings.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rhyme
Meaning:
rhyme  rhymes  rhyming  rhymed\n1. If one word rhymes with another or if two words rhyme, they have a very similar sound. Words that rhyme with each other are often used in poems.\nJune always rhymes with moon in old love songs.\n...the sort of people who give their children names that rhyme: Donnie, Ronnie, Connie.\n...a singer rhyming `eyes’ with `realise’.\n...rhymed couplets.\n  V-RECIP: V with n, pl-n V, V n with n, V-ed\n\n2. If a poem or song rhymes, the lines end with words that have very similar sounds.\nIn his efforts to make it rhyme he seems to have chosen the first word that comes into his head.\n...rhyming couplets.\n  VERB: V, V-ing\n\n3. A rhyme is a word which rhymes with another word, or a set of lines which rhyme.\nThe one rhyme for passion is fashion...\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. A rhyme is a short poem which has rhyming words at the ends of its lines.\nHe was teaching Helen a little rhyme.\n  N-COUNT\n  = verse\n  see also nursery rhyme\n5. Rhyme is the use of rhyming words as a technique in poetry. If something is written in rhyme, it is written as a poem in which the lines rhyme.\nThe plays are in rhyme.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n6. If something happens or is done without rhyme or reason, there seems to be no logical reason for it to happen or be done.\nHe picked people on a whim, without rhyme or reason.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v


Words: rhyming slang
Meaning:
rhym.ing slang\n   rhyming slang\n  Rhyming slang is a spoken informal kind of language in which you do not use the normal word for something, but say a word or phrase that rhymes with it instead. In Cockney rhyming slang, for example, people say `apples and pears’ to mean `stairs’.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rhythm
Meaning:
rhythm  rhythms\n1. A rhythm is a regular series of sounds or movements.\nHe had no sense of rhythm whatsoever...\n  N-VAR\n\n2. A rhythm is a regular pattern of changes, for example changes in your body, in the seasons, or in the tides.\nBegin to listen to your own body rhythms.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rhythm and blues
Meaning:
rhythm and blues\n  Rhythm and blues is a style of popular music developed in the 1940’s from blues music, but using electrically amplified instruments. The abbreviation R&B is also used.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rhythm method
Meaning:
rhythm meth.od\n   rhythm method\n  The rhythm method is a practice in which a couple try to prevent pregnancy by having sex only at times when the woman is not likely to become pregnant.\n  N-SING: usu the N


Words: rhythm section
Meaning:
rhythm sec.tion\n   rhythm section\n  The rhythm section of a band is the musicians whose main job is to supply the rhythm. It usually consists of bass and drums, and sometimes keyboard instruments.\n  N-SING


Words: rhythmic
Meaning:
rhyth.mic\n   rhythmic   or rhyth.mi.cal\n  A rhythmic movement or sound is repeated at regular intervals, forming a regular pattern or beat.\nGood breathing is slow, rhythmic and deep.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rhyth.mi.cal.ly\nShe stood, swaying her hips, moving rhythmically.\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: rib
Meaning:
rib  ribs  ribbing  ribbed\n1. Your ribs are the 12 pairs of curved bones that surround your chest.\nHer heart was thumping against her ribs...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rib of meat such as beef or pork is a piece that has been cut to include one of the animal’s ribs.\n...a rib of beef.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n, n N\n\n3. If you rib someone about something, you tease them about it in a friendly way. (INFORMAL)\nThe guys in my local pub used to rib me about drinking `girly’ drinks.\n  VERB: V n\n  = tease\n4.\n  see also ribbed, ribbing


Words: rib cage
Meaning:
rib cage  rib cages   also ribcage\n  Your rib cage is the structure of ribs in your chest. It protects your lungs and other organs.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ribald
Meaning:
rib.ald\n   ribald\n  A ribald remark or sense of humour is rather rude and refers to sex in a humorous way.\n...her ribald comments about a fellow guest’s body language.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: ribbed
Meaning:
ribbed\n  A ribbed surface, material, or garment has a raised pattern of parallel lines on it.\n...ribbed cashmere sweaters.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: ribbing
Meaning:
rib.bing\n   ribbing\n1. Ribbing is friendly teasing. (INFORMAL)\nI got quite a lot of ribbing from my team-mates.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = teasing\n2. Ribbing is a method of knitting that makes a raised pattern of parallel lines. You use ribbing, for example, round the edge of sweaters so that the material can stretch without losing its shape.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = rib


Words: ribbon
Meaning:
rib.bon\n   ribbon  ribbons\n1. A ribbon is a long, narrow piece of cloth that you use for tying things together or as a decoration.\nShe had tied back her hair with a peach satin ribbon.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. A typewriter or printer ribbon is a long, narrow piece of cloth containing ink and is used in a typewriter or printer.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A ribbon is a small decorative strip of cloth which is given to someone to wear on their clothes as an award or to show that they are linked with a particular organization.\n  N-COUNT


Words: riboflavin
Meaning:
ri.bo.fla.vin\n   riboflavin\n  Riboflavin is a vitamin that occurs in green vegetables, milk, fish, eggs, liver, and kidney.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rice
Meaning:
rice  rices\n  Rice consists of white or brown grains taken from a cereal plant. You cook rice and usually eat it with meat or vegetables.\n...a meal consisting of chicken, rice and vegetables...\n  N-MASS


Words: rice paper
Meaning:
rice pa.per\n   rice paper\n  Rice paper is very thin paper made from rice plants. It is used in cooking.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rice pudding
Meaning:
rice pud.ding\n   rice pudding  rice puddings\n  Rice pudding is a dessert which is made from rice, milk, and sugar.\n  N-VAR


Words: rich
Meaning:
rich  richer  richest  riches\n1. A rich person has a lot of money or valuable possessions.\nTheir one aim in life is to get rich...\n  ADJ\n  !=poor\n  The rich are rich people.\nThis is a system in which the rich are cared for and the poor are left to suffer...\n  N-PLURAL: the N\n\n2. Riches are valuable possessions or large amounts of money.\nAn Olympic gold medal can lead to untold riches for an athlete...\n  N-PLURAL\n\n3. A rich country has a strong economy and produces a lot of wealth, so many people who live there have a high standard of living.\nThere is hunger in many parts of the world, even in rich countries.\n  ADJ\n  !=poor\n4. If you talk about the earth’s riches, you are referring to things that exist naturally in large quantities and that are useful and valuable, for example minerals, wood, and oil.\n...Russia’s vast natural riches.\n  N-PLURAL: usu supp N\n\n5. If something is rich in a useful or valuable substance or is a rich source of it, it contains a lot of it.\nLiver and kidney are particularly rich in vitamin A...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ in n, ADJ n\n\n6. Rich food contains a lot of fat or oil.\nAdditional cream would make it too rich.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rich.ness\nThe coffee flavour complemented the richness of the pudding.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n7. Rich soil contains large amounts of substances that make it good for growing crops or flowers in.\nFarmers grow rice in the rich soil.\n  ADJ\n  !=poor\n8. A rich deposit of a mineral or other substance is a large amount of it.\n...the country’s rich deposits of the metal, lithium.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rich.ness\n...the richness of Tibet’s mineral deposits.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n9. If you say that something is a rich vein or source of something such as humour, ideas, or information, you mean that it can provide a lot of that thing.\nThe director discovered a rich vein of sentimentality...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n10. Rich smells are strong and very pleasant. Rich colours and sounds are deep and very pleasant.\n...a rich and luxuriously perfumed bath essence.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rich.ness\n...the richness of colour in Gauguin’s paintings.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n11. A rich life or history is one that is interesting because it is full of different events and activities.\nA rich and varied cultural life is essential for this couple.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rich.ness\nIt all adds to the richness of human life.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n12. A rich collection or mixture contains a wide and interesting variety of different things.\nVisitors can view a rich and colorful array of aquatic plants and animals...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rich.ness\n...a huge country, containing a richness of culture and diversity of landscape.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n13. If you say that something a person says or does is rich, you are making fun of it because you think it is a surprising and inappropriate thing for them to say or do. (INFORMAL)\nGil says that women can’t keep secrets. That’s rich, coming from him, the professional sneak.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ  feelings\n\n14. If you say that someone is filthy rich or stinking rich, you disapprove of them because they have a lot of money. (INFORMAL)\nHe’s stinking rich, and with no more talent than he ever had before.\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR, PHR n  disapproval\n  = loaded


Words: richly
Meaning:
rich.ly\n   richly\n1. If something is richly coloured, flavoured, or perfumed, it has a pleasantly strong colour, flavour, or perfume.\n...an opulent display of richly coloured fabrics.\n  ADV: usu ADV -ed/adj\n\n2. If something is richly decorated, patterned, or furnished, it has a lot of elaborate and beautiful decoration, patterns, or furniture.\nCoffee steamed in the richly decorated silver pot.\n  ADV: usu ADV -ed/adj\n  = lavishly\n3. If you say that someone richly deserves an award, success, or victory, you approve of what they have done and feel very strongly that they deserve it.\nHe achieved the success he so richly deserved.\n  ADV: ADV before v, ADV -ed  feelings\n\n4. If you are richly rewarded for doing something, you get something very valuable or pleasant in return for doing it.\nIt is a difficult book to read, but it richly rewards the effort...\n  ADV: ADV before v, ADV -ed


Words: Richter scale
Meaning:
Richter scale\n  The Richter scale is a scale which is used for measuring how severe an earthquake is.\nAn earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale struck California yesterday.\n  N-SING: the N


Words: rick
Meaning:
rick  ricks  ricking  ricked\n1. If you rick your neck, you hurt it by pulling or twisting it in an unusual way. (BRIT; in AM, use wrench)\nKernaghan missed the United game after he ricked his neck...\nHe recovered from a ricked neck.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed\n\n2. A rick is a large pile of dried grass or straw that is built in a regular shape and kept in a field until it is needed.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rickets
Meaning:
rick.ets\n   rickets\n  Rickets is a disease that children can get when their food does not contain enough Vitamin D. It makes their bones soft and causes their liver and spleen to become too large.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rickety
Meaning:
rick.ety\n   rickety\n  A rickety structure or piece of furniture is not very strong or well made, and seems likely to collapse or break.\nMona climbed the rickety wooden stairway.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rickshaw
Meaning:
rick.shaw\n   rickshaw  rickshaws\n  A rickshaw is a simple vehicle that is used in Asia for carrying passengers. Some rickshaws are pulled by a man who walks or runs in front.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ricochet
Meaning:
rico.chet\n   ricochet  ricochets  ricocheting  ricocheted\n  When a bullet ricochets, it hits a surface and bounces away from it.\nThe bullets ricocheted off the bonnet and windscreen.\n  VERB: V prep/adv, also V\n\n  Ricochet is also a noun.\nHe was wounded in the shoulder by a ricochet.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rid
Meaning:
rid  rids  ridding\n\n  The form rid is used in the present tense and is the past tense and past participle of the verb.\n\n1. When you get rid of something that you do not want or do not like, you take action so that you no longer have it or suffer from it.\nThe owner needs to get rid of the car for financial reasons...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, PHR n\n\n2. If you get rid of someone who is causing problems for you or who you do not like, you do something to prevent them affecting you any more, for example by making them leave.\nHe believed that his manager wanted to get rid of him for personal reasons...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, PHR n\n\n3. If you rid a place or person of something undesirable or unwanted, you succeed in removing it completely from that place or person.\nThe proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption...\n  VERB: V n of n\n  = free\n4. If you rid yourself of something you do not want, you take action so that you no longer have it or are no longer affected by it.\nWhy couldn’t he ever rid himself of those thoughts, those worries?\n  VERB: V pron-refl of n\n  = free\n5. If you are rid of someone or something that you did not want or that caused problems for you, they are no longer with you or causing problems for you.\nThe family had sought a way to be rid of her and the problems she had caused them.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ of n


Words: riddance
Meaning:
rid.dance\n   riddance\n  You say `good riddance’ to indicate that you are pleased that someone has left or that something has gone.\nHe’s gone back to London in a huff and good riddance...\n  PHRASE: oft PHR to n  feelings


Words: riddle
Meaning:
rid.dle\n   riddle  riddles  riddling  riddled\n1. A riddle is a puzzle or joke in which you ask a question that seems to be nonsense but which has a clever or amusing answer.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. You can describe something as a riddle if people have been trying to understand or explain it but have not been able to.\nScientists claimed yesterday to have solved the riddle of the birth of the Universe.\n  N-COUNT\n  = mystery\n3. If someone riddles something with bullets or bullet holes, they fire a lot of bullets into it.\nUnknown attackers riddled two homes with gunfire...\n  VERB: V n with n


Words: riddled
Meaning:
rid.dled\n   riddled\n1. If something is riddled with bullets or bullet holes, it is full of bullet holes.\nThe bodies of four people were found riddled with bullets.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ with n\n\n2. If something is riddled with undesirable qualities or features, it is full of them.\nThey were the principal shareholders in a bank riddled with corruption...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ with n


Words: ride
Meaning:
ride  rides  riding  rode  ridden\n1. When you ride a horse, you sit on it and control its movements.\nI saw a girl riding a horse...\nCan you ride?...\nHe was riding on his horse looking for the castle...\nThey still ride around on horses.\n  VERB: V n, V, V on n, V adv/prep\n\n2. When you ride a bicycle or a motorcycle, you sit on it, control it, and travel along on it.\nRiding a bike is great exercise...\nTwo men riding on motorcycles opened fire on him...\nHe rode to work on a bicycle.\n  VERB: V n, V on n, V prep/adv\n\n3. When you ride in a vehicle such as a car, you travel in it.\nHe prefers travelling on the Tube to riding in a limousine...\nI remember the village full of American servicemen riding around in jeeps...\n  VERB: V in/on n, V adv/prep\n\n4. A ride is a journey on a horse or bicycle, or in a vehicle.\nWould you like to go for a ride?...\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. In a fairground, a ride is a large machine that people ride on for fun.\n  N-COUNT\n\n6. If you say that one thing is riding on another, you mean that the first thing depends on the second thing.\nBillions of pounds are riding on the outcome of the election...\n  VERB: oft cont, V on n\n  = depend\n7.\n  see also riding\n8. If you say that someone or something is riding high, you mean that they are popular or successful at the present time.\nHe was riding high in the public opinion polls...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, usu cont\n\n9. If you say that someone faces a rough ride, you mean that things are going to be difficult for them because people will criticize them a lot or treat them badly. (INFORMAL)\nThe Chancellor could face a rough ride unless the plan works...\n  PHRASE: usu PHR after v\n\n10. If you say that someone has been taken for a ride, you mean that they have been deceived or cheated. (INFORMAL)\nWhen he had not returned with my money an hour later I realized that I had been taken for a ride.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n11.\nto ride roughshod over: see roughshod


Words: ride out
Meaning:
ride out\n  If someone rides out a storm or a crisis, they manage to survive a difficult period without suffering serious harm.\nThe ruling party think they can ride out the political storm...\nHe has to just ride this out and hope that it turns in his favor.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P


Words: ride up
Meaning:
ride up\n  If a garment rides up, it moves upwards, out of its proper position.\nMy underskirt had ridden up into a thick band around my hips.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P


Words: rider
Meaning:
rid.er\n   rider  riders\n1. A rider is someone who rides a horse, a bicycle, or a motorcycle as a hobby or job. You can also refer to someone who is riding a horse, a bicycle, or a motorcycle as a rider.\nShe is a very good and experienced rider...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rider is a statement that is added to another statement, especially one which contains a change, an explanation, or further information.\nMr Casey said he could see no necessity to add any rider on the use of firearms by police...\nAmerica conventionally attaches a rider to Israeli aid, to the effect that it must not be used in the occupied territories.\n  N-COUNT: oft N on/to n


Words: ridge
Meaning:
ridge  ridges\n1. A ridge is a long, narrow piece of raised land.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A ridge is a raised line on a flat surface.\n...the bony ridge of the eye socket.\n  N-COUNT: with supp


Words: ridged
Meaning:
ridged\n  A ridged surface has raised lines on it.\n...boots with thick, ridged soles for walking.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: ridicule
Meaning:
ridi.cule\n   ridicule  ridicules  ridiculing  ridiculed\n1. If you ridicule someone or ridicule their ideas or beliefs, you make fun of them in an unkind way.\nI admired her all the more for allowing them to ridicule her and never striking back...\n  VERB: V n\n  = mock\n2. If someone or something is an object of ridicule or is held up to ridicule, someone makes fun of them in an unkind way.\nAs a heavy child, she became the object of ridicule from classmates...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: ridiculous
Meaning:
ri.dicu.lous\n   ridiculous\n  If you say that something or someone is ridiculous, you mean that they are very foolish.\nIt is ridiculous to suggest we are having a romance...\n  ADJ: oft it v-link ADJ that/to-inf\n  = absurd


Words: ridiculously
Meaning:
ri.dicu.lous.ly\n   ridiculously\n  You use ridiculously to emphasize the fact that you think something is unreasonable or very surprising.\nDena bought rolls of silk that seemed ridiculously cheap...\n  ADV: usu ADV adj/adv  emphasis


Words: riding
Meaning:
rid.ing\n   riding\n  Riding is the activity or sport of riding horses.\nThe next morning we went riding again...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rife
Meaning:
rife\n  If you say that something, usually something bad, is rife in a place or that the place is rife with it, you mean that it is very common.\nSpeculation is rife that he will be sacked...\nHollywood soon became rife with rumors.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ with n


Words: riff
Meaning:
riff  riffs\n1. In jazz and rock music, a riff is a short repeated tune.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A riff is a short piece of speech or writing that develops a particular theme or idea.\nRowe does a very clever riff on the nature of prejudice.\n  N-COUNT


Words: riff-raff
Meaning:
riff-raff   also riffraff\n  If you refer to a group of people as riff-raff, you disapprove of them because you think they are not respectable.\n  N-UNCOUNT  disapproval


Words: riffle
Meaning:
rif.fle\n   riffle  riffles  riffling  riffled\n  If you riffle through the pages of a book or riffle them, you turn them over quickly, without reading everything that is on them.\nI riffled through the pages until I reached the index.\n  VERB: V through n, also V n\n  = flick


Words: rifle
Meaning:
ri.fle\n   rifle  rifles  rifling  rifled\n1. A rifle is a gun with a long barrel.\nThey shot him at point blank range with an automatic rifle...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you rifle through things or rifle them, you make a quick search among them in order to find something or steal something.\nI discovered my husband rifling through the filing cabinet...\nThere were lockers by each seat and I quickly rifled the contents.\n  VERB: V through n, V n


Words: rifle range
Meaning:
ri.fle range\n   rifle range  rifle ranges\n  A rifle range is a place where you can practise shooting with a rifle.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rifleman
Meaning:
rifle.man\n   rifleman  riflemen\n  A rifleman is a person, especially a soldier, who is skilled in the use of a rifle.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rift
Meaning:
rift  rifts\n1. A rift between people or countries is a serious quarrel or disagreement that stops them having a good relationship.\nThe interview reflected a growing rift between the President and the government...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp, oft adj N, N prep\n\n2. A rift is a split that appears in something solid, especially in the ground.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rig
Meaning:
rig  rigs  rigging  rigged\n1. If someone rigs an election, a job appointment, or a game, they dishonestly arrange it to get the result they want or to give someone an unfair advantage.\nShe accused her opponents of rigging the vote...\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. A rig is a large structure that is used for looking for oil or gas and for taking it out of the ground or the sea bed.\n...gas rigs in the North Sea.\n  N-COUNT: oft n N\n\n3. A rig is a truck or lorry that is made in two or more sections which are joined together by metal bars, so that the vehicle can turn more easily. (AM; in BRIT, usually use articulated lorry)\n  N-COUNT\n\n4.\n  see also rigging


Words: rig up
Meaning:
rig up\n  If you rig up a device or structure, you make it or fix it in place using any materials that are available.\nElection officials have rigged up speakers to provide voters with music.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), also V n P


Words: rigging
Meaning:
rig.ging\n   rigging\n1. Vote or ballot rigging is the act of dishonestly organizing an election to get a particular result.\nShe was accused of corruption, of vote rigging on a massive scale.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu supp N\n\n2. On a ship, the rigging is the ropes which support the ship’s masts and sails.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Right
Meaning:
USED IN TITLES\n   Right\n  Right is used in some British titles. It indicates high rank or status.\n...The Right Reverend John Baker.\n...the Right Honourable Lynn Jones MP.\n  ADV: ADV adj


Words: right
Meaning:
DIRECTION AND POLITICAL GROUPINGS\n   right\n\n  The spelling Right is also used for meaning 3.\n\n1. The right is one of two opposite directions, sides, or positions. If you are facing north and you turn to the right, you will be facing east. In the word `to’, the `o’ is to the right of the `t’.\nAhead of you on the right will be a lovely garden...\n  N-SING: usu the N\n  !=left\n  Right is also an adverb.\nTurn right into the street.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n2. Your right arm, leg, or ear, for example, is the one which is on the right side of your body. Your right shoe or glove is the one which is intended to be worn on your right foot or hand.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  !=left\n3. You can refer to people who support the political ideals of capitalism and conservatism as the right. They are often contrasted with the left, who support the political ideals of socialism.\nThe Tory Right despise him...\n  N-SING-COLL: the N\n  !=left\n4. If you say that someone has moved to the right, you mean that their political beliefs have become more right-wing.\nThey see the shift to the right as a worldwide phenomenon.\n  N-SING: the N\n  !=left\n5. If someone is at a person’s right hand, they work closely with that person so they can help and advise them.\nI think he ought to be at the right hand of the president.\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR\n\nENTITLEMENT\n   right  rights\n1. Your rights are what you are morally or legally entitled to do or to have.\nThey don’t know their rights...\nYou must stand up for your rights.\n  N-PLURAL: usu poss N\n\n2. If you have a right to do or to have something, you are morally or legally entitled to do it or to have it.\n...a woman’s right to choose...\n  N-SING: usu N to-inf\n\n3. If someone has the rights to a story or book, they are legally allowed to publish it or reproduce it in another form, and nobody else can do so without their permission.\nAn agent bought the rights to his life...\nHe’d tried to buy the film rights of all George Bernard Shaw’s plays.\n  N-PLURAL: the N, usu with supp\n\n4. If something is not the case but you think that it should be, you can say that by rights it should be the case.\nShe did work which by rights should be done by someone else.\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl\n\n5. If someone is a successful or respected person in their own right, they are successful or respected because of their own efforts and talents rather than those of the people they are closely connected with.\nAlthough now a celebrity in her own right, actress Lynn Redgrave knows the difficulties of living in the shadow of her famous older sister...\n  PHRASE: usu n adj PHR\n\n6. If you say that you reserve the right to do something, you mean that you will do it if you feel that it is necessary.\nHe reserved the right to change his mind...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, PHR to-inf\n\n7. If you say that someone is within their rights to do something, you mean that they are morally or legally entitled to do it.\nYou were quite within your rights to refuse to co-operate with him.\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR\n  = justified\n\nDISCOURSE USES\n   right\n1. You use right in order to attract someone’s attention or to indicate that you have dealt with one thing so you can go on to another. (SPOKEN)\nRight, I’ll be back in a minute...\n  ADV: ADV cl\n\n2. You can use right to check whether what you have just said is correct. (SPOKEN)\nThey have a small plane, right?\n  CONVENTION\n\n3. You can say `right’ to show that you are listening to what someone is saying and that you accept it or understand it. (SPOKEN)\n`Your children may well come away speaking with a bit of a broad country accent’.`Right.’.`because they’re mixing with country children.’\n  ADV: ADV as reply\n  = yes\n4.\n  see also all right\n\nUSED FOR EMPHASIS\n   right\n1. You can use right to emphasize the precise place, position, or time of something.\nThe back of a car appeared right in front of him.\n...a charming resort right on the Italian frontier...\n  ADV: ADV adv/prep  emphasis\n\n2. You can use right to emphasize how far something moves or extends or how long it continues.\n...the highway that runs through the Indian zone right to the army positions...\nShe was kept very busy right up to the moment of her departure...\n  ADV: ADV prep/adv  emphasis\n\n3. You can use right to emphasize that an action or state is complete.\nThe candle had burned right down...\nThe handle came right off in my hand.\n  ADV: ADV adv/prep  emphasis\n\n4. You can use right to emphasize a noun, usually a noun referring to something bad. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nHe gave them a right telling off...\n  ADJ: ADJ n  emphasis\n  = real\n5. If you say that something happened right after a particular time or event or right before it, you mean that it happened immediately after or before it.\nAll of a sudden, right after the summer, Mother gets married...\n  ADV: ADV prep/adv  emphasis\n  = just\n6. If you say I’ll be right there or I’ll be right back, you mean that you will get to a place or get back to it in a very short time.\nI’m going to get some water. I’ll be right back.\n  ADV: ADV adv  emphasis\n\n7. If you do something right away or right off, you do it immediately. (INFORMAL)\nHe wants to see you right away...\nRight off I want to confess that I was wrong.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v, PHR with cl  emphasis\n  = straight away\n8. You can use right now to emphasize that you are referring to the present moment. (INFORMAL)\nI’m warning you; stop it right now!\n  PHRASE: PHR with cl  emphasis\n\nCORRECT, APPROPRIATE, OR ACCEPTABLE\n   right  rights  righting  righted\n\nPlease look at category 16 to see if the expression you are looking for is shown under another headword.\n1. If something is right, it is correct and agrees with the facts.\nThat’s absolutely right...\nClocks never told the right time...\nThe barman tells me you saw Ann on Tuesday morning. Is that right?\n  ADJ\n  = correct  !=wrong\n  Right is also an adverb.\nHe guessed right about some things.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n=>  right.ly\nShe attended one meeting only, if I remember rightly.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n2. If you do something in the right way or in the right place, you do it as or where it should be done or was planned to be done.\nWalking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise...\nThe chocolate is then melted down to exactly the right temperature.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = correct  !=wrong\n  Right is also an adverb.\nTo make sure I did everything right, I bought a fat instruction book.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n  = correctly\n3. If you say that someone is seen in all the right places or knows all the right people, you mean that they go to places which are socially acceptable or know people who are socially acceptable.\nHe was always to be seen in the right places...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=wrong\n4. If someone is right about something, they are correct in what they say or think about it.\nRon has been right about the result of every General Election but one...\n  ADJ\n  !=wrong\n=>  right.ly\nHe rightly assumed that the boy was hiding.\n  ADV\n\n5. If something such as a choice, action, or decision is the right one, it is the best or most suitable one.\nShe’d made the right choice in leaving New York...\nThe right decision was made, but probably for the wrong reasons...\n  ADJ\n  !=wrong\n=>  right.ly\nShe hoped she’d decided rightly.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n6. If something is not right, there is something unsatisfactory about the situation or thing that you are talking about.\nRatatouille doesn’t taste right with any other oil...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, with brd-neg\n  !=wrong\n7. If you think that someone was right to do something, you think that there were good moral reasons why they did it.\nYou were right to do what you did, under the circumstances...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ to-inf\n  !=wrong\n=>  right.ly\nThe crowd screamed for a penalty but the referee rightly ignored them...\n  ADV: ADV before v, ADV with cl\n\n8. Right is used to refer to activities or actions that are considered to be morally good and acceptable.\nIt’s not right, leaving her like this...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft with brd-neg\n  !=wrong\n  Right is also a noun.\nAt least he knew right from wrong.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n=>  right.ness\nMany people have very strong opinions about the rightness or wrongness of abortion.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N of n\n\n9. If you right something or if it rights itself, it returns to its normal or correct state, after being in an undesirable state.\nThey recognise the urgency of righting the economy...\nYour eyesight rights itself very quickly.\n  VERB: V n, V pron-refl\n\n10. If you right a wrong, you do something to make up for a mistake or something bad that you did in the past.\nWe’ve made progress in righting the wrongs of the past...\n  VERB: V n\n  = rectify\n11. If you right something that has fallen or rolled over, or if it rights itself, it returns to its normal upright position.\nHe righted the yacht and continued the race...\nThe helicopter turned at an awful angle before righting itself.\n  VERB: V n, V pron-refl\n\n12. The right side of a material is the side that is intended to be seen and that faces outwards when it is made into something.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  !=wrong\n13. If you say that things are going right, you mean that your life or a situation is developing as you intended or expected and you are pleased with it.\nI can’t think of anything in my life that’s going right...\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n(next)


Words: right .1
Meaning:
14. If someone has behaved in a way which is morally or legally right, you can say that they are in the right. You usually use this expression when the person is involved in an argument or dispute.\nShe wasn’t entirely in the right...\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR\n  !=in the wrong\n15. If you put something right, you correct something that was wrong or that was causing problems.\nWe’ve discovered what’s gone wrong and are going to put it right.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n16.\nheart in the right place: see heart\nit serves you right: see serve\non the right side of: see side


Words: right angle
Meaning:
right an.gle\n   right angle  right angles   also right-angle\n1. A right angle is an angle of ninety degrees. A square has four right angles.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If two things are at right angles, they are situated so that they form an angle of 90. where they touch each other. You can also say that one thing is at right angles to another.\n...two lasers at right angles.\n  PHRASE: oft PHR to n


Words: right of way
Meaning:
right of way  rights of way\n1. A right of way is a public path across private land.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. When someone who is driving or walking along a road has right of way or the right of way, they have the right to continue along a particular road or path, and other people must stop for them.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. A right of way is a strip of land that is used for a road, railway line, or power line. (AM)\n  N-COUNT


Words: right to life
Meaning:
right to life\n  When people talk about an unborn baby’s right to life, they mean that a baby has the right to be born, even if it is severely disabled or if its mother does not want it.\n...the Right to Life Campaign.\n  N-SING: oft N n


Words: right triangle
Meaning:
right tri.an.gle\n   right triangle  right triangles\n  A right triangle has one angle that is a right angle. (AM; in BRIT, use right-angled triangle)\n  N-COUNT


Words: right-angled
Meaning:
right-angled\n1. A right-angled triangle has one angle that is a right angle. (BRIT; in AM, use right triangle)\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. A right-angled bend is a sharp bend that turns through approximately ninety degrees.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: right-click
Meaning:
right-click right-clicks right-clicking right-clicked\n  To right-click or to right-click on something means to press the right-hand button on a computer mouse. (COMPUTING)\nAll you have to do is right-click on the desktop and select New Folder.\n  VERB: V on n\n  !=left-click


Words: right-hand
Meaning:
right-hand\n  If something is on the right-hand side of something, it is positioned on the right of it.\n...a church on the right-hand side of the road.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  !=left-hand


Words: right-hand drive
Meaning:
right-hand drive\n  A right-hand drive vehicle has its steering wheel on the right side. It is designed to be driven in countries such as Britain, Japan, and Australia where people drive on the left side of the road.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=left-hand drive


Words: right-hand man
Meaning:
right-hand man  right-hand men\n  Someone’s right-hand man is the person who acts as their chief assistant and helps and supports them a lot in their work.\nHe is Rupert Murdoch’s right-hand man at News International.\n  N-COUNT: usu poss N


Words: right-handed
Meaning:
right-handed\n  Someone who is right-handed uses their right hand rather than their left hand for activities such as writing and sports, and for picking things up.\n  ADJ\n  !=left-handed\n  Right-handed is also an adverb.\nI batted left-handed and bowled right-handed.\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: right-hander
Meaning:
right-hander  right-handers\n  You can describe someone as a right-hander if they use their right hand rather than their left hand for activities such as writing and sports and for picking things up.\n  N-COUNT\n  !=left-hander


Words: right-justify
Meaning:
right-justify right-justifies right-justifying right-justified\n  If printed text is right-justified, each line finishes at the same distance from the right-hand edge of the page or column.\nClick this option to right-justify the selected text.\n  VERB: V n\n  !=left-justify


Words: right-minded
Meaning:
right-minded\n  If you think that someone’s opinions or beliefs are sensible and you agree with them, you can describe them as a right-minded person.\nHe is an able, right-minded, and religious man.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  approval\n  = right-thinking


Words: right-of-centre
Meaning:
right-of-centre\nin AM, use right-of-center\n  You can describe a person or political party as right-of-centre if they have political views which are closer to capitalism and conservatism than to socialism but which are not very extreme.\n...the new right-of-centre government.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=left-of-centre


Words: right-on
Meaning:
right-on\n  You can describe someone as right-on if they have liberal or left-wing ideas, especially if you disagree with them or want to make fun of them.\nThe people that come to watch the play are all those right-on left-wing sort of people.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = politically correct


Words: right-thinking
Meaning:
right-thinking\n  If you think that someone’s opinions or beliefs are sensible and you agree with them, you can describe them as a right-thinking person.\nEvery right-thinking American would be proud of them.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  approval\n  = right-minded


Words: right-wing
Meaning:
right-wing\n\n  The spelling right wing is also used for meaning 2.\n\n1. A right-wing person or group has conservative or capitalist views.\n...a right-wing government...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=left-wing\n2. The right wing of a political party consists of the members who have the most conservative or the most capitalist views.\n...the right wing of the Conservative Party...\n  N-SING: the N\n  !=left-wing


Words: right-winger
Meaning:
right-winger  right-wingers\n  If you think someone has views which are more right-wing than most other members of their party, you can say they are a right-winger.\n  N-COUNT\n  !=left-winger


Words: righteous
Meaning:
right.eous\n   righteous\n  If you think that someone behaves or lives in a way that is morally good, you can say that they are righteous. People sometimes use righteous to express their disapproval when they think someone is only behaving in this way so that others will admire or support them. (FORMAL)\nAren’t you afraid of being seen as a righteous crusader?...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  right.eous.ness\nBoth sides in the dispute have been adopting a tone of moral righteousness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n=>  right.eous.ly\nThey righteously maintain that they do not practise rationing.\n  ADV


Words: rightful
Meaning:
right.ful\n   rightful\n  If you say that someone or something has returned to its rightful place or position, they have returned to the place or position that you think they should have.\nThe Baltics’ own democratic traditions would help them to regain their rightful place in Europe...\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n=>  right.ful.ly\nJealousy is the feeling that someone else has something that rightfully belongs to you...\n  ADV: ADV group


Words: rightist
Meaning:
right.ist\n   rightist  rightists\n1. If someone is described as a rightist, they are politically conservative and traditional. Rightists support the ideals of capitalism.\n  N-COUNT\n  !=leftist\n2. If someone has rightist views or takes part in rightist activities, they are politically conservative and traditional and support the ideas of capitalism.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=leftist


Words: righto
Meaning:
righto   also right oh\n  Some people say righto to show that they agree with a suggestion that someone has made. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nRighto, Harry. I’ll put Russ Clements in charge.\n  EXCLAM  formulae\n  = OK


Words: rights issue
Meaning:
rights is.sue\n   rights issue  rights issues\n  A rights issue is when a company offers shares at a reduced price to people who already have shares in the company. (BUSINESS)\n  N-COUNT


Words: rightward
Meaning:
right.ward\n   rightward   also rightwards\n  If there is a rightward trend in the politics of a person or party, their views become more right-wing.\nThe result reflects a modest rightward shift in opinion.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  !=leftward\n  Rightward is also an adverb.\nHe continued to urge the Conservative Party to tilt rightwards...\n  ADV: ADV after v


Words: rigid
Meaning:
rig.id\n   rigid\n1. Laws, rules, or systems that are rigid cannot be changed or varied, and are therefore considered to be rather severe.\nSeveral colleges in our study have rigid rules about student conduct...\n  ADJ  disapproval\n  !=flexible\n=>  ri.gid.ity\n...the rigidity of government policy.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n=>  rig.id.ly\nThe caste system was rigidly enforced.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n2. If you disapprove of someone because you think they are not willing to change their way of thinking or behaving, you can describe them as rigid.\nShe was a fairly rigid person who had strong religious views...\n  ADJ  disapproval\n\n3. A rigid substance or object is stiff and does not bend, stretch, or twist easily.\n...rigid plastic containers...\n  ADJ\n  !=flexible\n=>  ri.gid.ity\n...the strength and rigidity of glass.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rigmarole
Meaning:
rig.ma.role\n   rigmarole  rigmaroles\n  You can describe a long and complicated process as a rigmarole.\nThen the whole rigmarole starts over again...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing  disapproval


Words: rigor mortis
Meaning:
ri.gor mor.tis\n   rigor mortis\n  In a dead body, when rigor mortis sets in, the joints and muscles become very stiff.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rigorous
Meaning:
rig.or.ous\n   rigorous\n1. A test, system, or procedure that is rigorous is very thorough and strict.\nThe selection process is based on rigorous tests of competence and experience.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  rig.or.ous.ly\n...rigorously conducted research.\n  ADV\n\n2. If someone is rigorous in the way that they do something, they are very careful and thorough.\nHe is rigorous in his control of expenditure.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ, oft ADJ in -ing


Words: rigour
Meaning:
rig.our\n   rigour  rigours\nin AM, use rigor\n1. If you refer to the rigours of an activity or job, you mean the difficult, demanding, or unpleasant things that are associated with it.\nHe found the rigours of the tour too demanding.\n  N-PLURAL: usu the N of n\n\n2. If something is done with rigour, it is done in a strict, thorough way.\nThe new current affairs series promises to address challenging issues with freshness and rigour.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rile
Meaning:
rile  riles  riling  riled\n  If something riles you, it makes you angry.\nCancellations and late departures rarely rile him.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  riled\nHe saw I was riled.\n  ADJ


Words: Riley
Meaning:
Riley   also Reilly\n  If you say that someone is living the life of Riley, you mean that they have a very easy and comfortable life with few worries.\n  PHRASE: usu v PHR


Words: rim
Meaning:
rim  rims\n1. The rim of a container such as a cup or glass is the edge that goes all the way round the top.\nShe looked at him over the rim of her glass.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n2. The rim of a circular object is its outside edge.\n...a round mirror with white metal rim.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n3.\n  see also rimmed, -rimmed


Words: rimless
Meaning:
rim.less\n   rimless\n  Rimless glasses are glasses which have no frame around the lenses or which have a frame only along the top of the lenses.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rimmed
Meaning:
rimmed\n1. If something is rimmed with a substance or colour, it has that substance or colour around its border.\nThe plates and glassware were rimmed with gold.\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ with n\n\n2.\n  see also rim, -rimmed


Words: rind
Meaning:
rind  rinds\n1. The rind of a fruit such as a lemon or orange is its thick outer skin.\n...grated lemon rind.\n  N-VAR: usu with supp\n\n2. The rind of cheese or bacon is the hard outer edge which you do not usually eat.\nDiscard the bacon rind and cut each rasher in half.\n  N-VAR: usu with supp


Words: ring
Meaning:
SHAPES AND GROUPS\n   ring  rings  ringing  ringed\n1. A ring is a small circle of metal or other substance that you wear on your finger as jewellery.\n...a gold wedding ring.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. An object or substance that is in the shape of a circle can be described as a ring.\nFrank took a large ring of keys from his pocket.\n...a ring of blue smoke.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n3. A group of people or things arranged in a circle can be described as a ring.\nThey then formed a ring around the square.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n  = circle\n4. A gas or electric ring is one of the small flat areas on top of a stove which heat up and which you use for cooking. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use burner)\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N\n\n5. At a boxing or wrestling match or a circus, the ring is the place where the contest or performance takes place. It consists of an enclosed space with seats round it.\nHe will never again be allowed inside a British boxing ring.\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n6. You can refer to an organized group of people who are involved in an illegal activity as a ring.\nPolice are investigating the suspected drug ring at the school.\n  N-COUNT: usu n N\n\n7. If a building or place is ringed with or by something, it is surrounded by it.\nThe areas are sealed off and ringed by troops.\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed\n\n8. If you say that someone runs rings round you or runs rings around you, you mean that they are a lot better or a lot more successful than you at a particular activity. (INFORMAL)\nMentally, he can still run rings round men half his age!\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\nTELEPHONING OR MAKING A SOUND\n   ring  rings  ringing  rang  rung\n\nPlease look at category 11 to see if the expression you are looking for is shown under another headword.\n1. When you ring someone, you telephone them. (mainly BRIT)\nHe rang me at my mother’s...\nI would ring when I got back to the hotel...\nShe has rung home just once...\nCould someone ring for a taxi?\n  VERB: V n, V, V adv, V for n\n  = phone\n  Ring up means the same as ring. (in AM, usually use call)\nYou can ring us up anytime...\nJohn rang up and invited himself over for dinner...\nA few months ago I rang up about some housing problems...\nNobody rings up a doctor in the middle of the night for no reason.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V n P, V P, V P about n, V P n (not pron)\n\n2. When a telephone rings, it makes a sound to let you know that someone is phoning you.\nAs soon as he got home, the phone rang...\n  VERB: V\n\n  Ring is also a noun.\nAfter at least eight rings, an ancient-sounding maid answered the phone.\n  N-COUNT\n\n=>  ring.ing\nShe was jolted out of her sleep by the ringing of the telephone.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. When you ring a bell or when a bell rings, it makes a sound.\nHe heard the school bell ring...\nThe door was opened before she could ring the bell.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n  Ring is also a noun.\nThere was a ring at the bell.\n  N-COUNT\n\n=>  ring.ing\n...the ringing of church bells.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n4. If you ring for something, you ring a bell to call someone to bring it to you. If you ring for someone, you ring a bell so that they will come to you.\nShall I ring for a fresh pot of tea?...\n  VERB: V for n\n\n5. If you say that a place is ringing with sound, usually pleasant sound, you mean that the place is completely filled with that sound. (LITERARY)\nThe whole place was ringing with music.\n  VERB: V with n\n\n6. You can use ring to describe a quality that something such as a statement, discussion, or argument seems to have. For example, if an argument has a familiar ring, it seems familiar.\nHis proud boast of leading `the party of low taxation’ has a hollow ring.\n  N-SING: usu a adj N\n  = feel\n7. If you say that someone rings the changes, you mean that they make changes or improvements to the way something is organized or done.\nRing the changes by adding spices, dried fruit or olives.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n8. If you say that someone’s words ring in your ears or ring in your head, you mean that you remember them very clearly, usually when you would prefer to forget them. (LITERARY)\nShe shivered as the sound of that man’s abuse rang in her ears.\n  PHRASE: V and N inflect\n\n9. If you give someone a ring, you phone them. (mainly BRIT INFORMAL; in AM, usually use call)\nWe’ll give him a ring as soon as we get back.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n10. If a statement rings true, it seems to be true or genuine. If it rings hollow, it does not seem to be true or genuine.\nJoanna’s denial rang true...\nThe rumpus has made all the optimistic statements about unity and harmony ring a little hollow.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n11.\nto ring a bell: see bell\n  see also ringing


Words: ring back
Meaning:
ring back\n  If you ring someone back, you phone them either because they phoned you earlier and you were not there or because you did not finish an earlier telephone conversation. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use call back)\nTell her I’ll ring back in a few minutes...\nIf there’s any problem I’ll ring you back.\n  PHRASAL VERB: no passive, V P, V n P


Words: ring binder
Meaning:
ring bind.er\n   ring binder  ring binders\n  A ring binder is a file with hard covers, which you can insert pages into. The pages are held in by metal rings on a bar attached to the inside of the file.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ring finger
Meaning:
ring fin.ger\n   ring finger  ring fingers\n  Your ring finger is the third finger of your left or right hand, without counting your thumb. In some countries, people wear a ring on this finger to show that they are engaged or married.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ring in
Meaning:
ring in\n  If you ring in, you phone a place, such as the place where you work. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use call in)\nCecil wasn’t there, having rung in to say he was taking the day off.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P


Words: ring off
Meaning:
ring off\n  When you ring off, you put down the receiver at the end of a telephone call. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use hang up)\nShe had rung off before he could press her for an answer.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P


Words: ring out
Meaning:
ring out\n  If a sound rings out, it can be heard loudly and clearly.\nA single shot rang out.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P


Words: ring road
Meaning:
ring road  ring roads\n  A ring road is a road that goes round the edge of a town so that traffic does not have to go through the town centre. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use beltway)\n  N-COUNT


Words: ring round
Meaning:
ring round   or ring around\n  If you ring round or ring around, you phone several people, usually when you are trying to organize something or to find some information. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use call around)\nShe’d ring around and get back to me...\nShe immediately started ringing round her friends and relatives.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P, V P n (not pron)


Words: ring tone
Meaning:
ring tone ring tones\n  The ring tone is the sound made by a telephone, especially a mobile phone, when it rings.\nThey offer 70 hours’ standby time, 2hr 50min talk time, and 15 ring tones.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ring up
Meaning:
ring up\n1.\nsee ring 1\n2. If a shop assistant rings up a sale on a cash register, he or she presses the keys in order to record the amount that is being spent.\nShe was ringing up her sale on an ancient cash register.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), also V n P\n\n3. If a company rings up an amount of money, usually a large amount of money, it makes that amount of money in sales or profits.\nThe advertising agency rang up 1.4 billion dollars in yearly sales.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)


Words: ring-fence
Meaning:
ring-fence  ring-fences  ring-fencing  ring-fenced\n  To ring-fence a grant or fund means to put restrictions on it, so that it can only be used for a particular purpose. (BRIT)\nThe Treasury has now agreed to ring-fence the money to ensure that it goes directly towards helping elderly people...\n  VERB: V n


Words: ring-pull
Meaning:
ring-pull  ring-pulls\n  A ring-pull is a metal strip that you pull off the top of a can of drink in order to open it. (BRIT; in AM, use tab)\n  N-COUNT


Words: ringer
Meaning:
ring.er\n   ringer  ringers\n1. If you say that one person is a ringer or a dead ringer for another, you mean that they look exactly like each other. (INFORMAL)\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR for n\n\n2. A bell ringer is someone who rings church bells or hand bells as a hobby. (mainly BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: ringing
Meaning:
ring.ing\n   ringing\n1. A ringing sound is loud and can be heard very clearly.\nHe hit the metal steps with a ringing crash.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  = resounding\n2. A ringing statement or declaration is one that is made forcefully and is intended to make a powerful impression.\n...the party’s 14th Congress, which gave a ringing endorsement to capitalist-style economic reforms.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: ringleader
Meaning:
ring.leader\n   ringleader  ringleaders\n  The ringleaders in a quarrel, disturbance, or illegal activity are the people who started it and who cause most of the trouble.\nThe soldiers were well informed about the ringleaders of the protest.\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: ringlet
Meaning:
ring.let\n   ringlet  ringlets\n  Ringlets are long curls of hair that hang down.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: ringmaster
Meaning:
ring.master\n   ringmaster  ringmasters\n  A circus ringmaster is the person who introduces the performers and the animals.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ringside
Meaning:
ring.side\n   ringside\n1. The ringside is the area around the edge of a circus ring, boxing ring, or show jumping ring.\nMost of the top British trainers were at the ringside.\n  N-SING\n\n2. If you have a ringside seat or a ringside view, you are close to an event and can see it clearly.\nI had a ringside seat for the whole performance.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: ringworm
Meaning:
ring.worm\n   ringworm\n  Ringworm is a skin disease caused by a fungus. It produces itchy red patches on a person’s or animal’s skin, especially on their head and between their legs and toes. (MEDICAL)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rink
Meaning:
rink  rinks\n  A rink is a large area covered with ice where people go to ice-skate, or a large area of concrete where people go to roller-skate.\nThe other skaters were ordered off the rink.\n  N-COUNT: oft supp N


Words: rinse
Meaning:
rinse  rinses  rinsing  rinsed\n1. When you rinse something, you wash it in clean water in order to remove dirt or soap from it.\nIt’s important to rinse the rice to remove the starch.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Rinse is also a noun.\nA quick rinse isn’t sufficient. Use plenty of running water to wash away all traces of shampoo.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you rinse your mouth, you wash it by filling your mouth with water or with a liquid that kills germs, then spitting it out.\nUse a toothbrush on your tongue as well, and rinse your mouth frequently.\n  VERB: V n\n\n  Rinse out means the same as rinse.\nAfter her meal she invariably rinsed out her mouth...\nYou should rinse your mouth out after eating.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P\n\n  Rinse is also a noun.\n...mouth rinses with fluoride.\n  N-MASS


Words: riot
Meaning:
riot  riots  rioting  rioted\n1. When there is a riot, a crowd of people behave violently in a public place, for example they fight, throw stones, or damage buildings and vehicles.\nTwelve inmates have been killed during a riot at the prison.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If people riot, they behave violently in a public place.\nLast year 600 inmates rioted, starting fires and building barricades...\n  VERB: V\n\n=>  ri.ot.er      rioters\nThe militia dispersed the rioters.\n  N-COUNT\n\n=>  ri.ot.ing\nAt least fifteen people are now known to have died in three days of rioting.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. If you say that there is a riot of something pleasant such as colour, you mean that there is a large amount of various types of it.\nAll the cacti were in flower, so that the desert was a riot of colour...\n  N-SING: a N of n  approval\n\n4. If someone in authority reads you the riot act, they tell you that you will be punished unless you start behaving properly.\nI’m glad you read the riot act to Billy. He’s still a kid and still needs to be told what to do.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n5. If people run riot, they behave in a wild and uncontrolled manner.\nRampaging prisoners ran riot through Strangeways jail.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n6. If something such as your imagination runs riot, it is not limited or controlled, and produces ideas that are new or exciting, rather than sensible.\nA conservatory offers the perfect excuse to let your imagination run riot.\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: riot gear
Meaning:
riot gear\n  Riot gear is the special clothing and equipment worn by police officers or soldiers when they have to deal with a riot.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: riot police
Meaning:
riot po.lice\n   riot police\n  The riot police is the section of the police force that is trained to deal with people who cause trouble in public places.\nAfter about 10 minutes the riot police arrived.\n  N-SING-COLL


Words: riot shield
Meaning:
riot shield  riot shields\n  Riot shields are pieces of equipment made of transparent plastic which are used by the police to protect themselves against angry crowds.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: riotous
Meaning:
ri.ot.ous\n   riotous\n1. If you say that someone has a riotous lifestyle, you mean that they frequently behave in a excessive and uncontrolled way, for example by eating or drinking too much. (FORMAL)\n...aristocrats who wasted their inheritances in riotous living.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = wild\n2. You can describe someone’s behaviour or an event as riotous when it is noisy and lively in a rather wild way.\nThe dinner was often a riotous affair enlivened by superbly witty speeches.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  ri.ot.ous.ly\n...a slapstick affair which I found riotously amusing.\n  ADV: ADV adj/-ed


Words: rip
Meaning:
rip  rips  ripping  ripped\n1. When something rips or when you rip it, you tear it forcefully with your hands or with a tool such as a knife.\nI felt the banner rip as we were pushed in opposite directions...\nI tried not to rip the paper as I unwrapped it.\n  VERB: V, V n\n  = tear\n2. A rip is a long cut or split in something made of cloth or paper.\nLooking at the rip in her new dress, she flew into a rage.\n  N-COUNT\n  = tear\n3. If you rip something away, you remove it quickly and forcefully.\nHe ripped away a wire that led to the alarm button...\nHe ripped the phone from her hand.\n  VERB: V n with adv, V n prep\n  = tear\n4. If something rips into someone or something or rips through them, it enters that person or thing so quickly and forcefully that it often goes completely through them.\nA volley of bullets ripped into the facing wall...\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n  = tear\n5. If you let rip, you do something forcefully and without trying to control yourself. (INFORMAL)\nTurn the guitars up full and let rip...\n  PHRASE: let inflects\n\n6. If you let something rip, you do it as quickly or as forcefully as possible. You can say `let it rip’ or `let her rip’ to someone when you want them to make a vehicle go as fast as it possibly can.\nThe ecological disaster is partly a product of letting everything rip in order to increase production.\n  PHRASE: let inflects


Words: rip off
Meaning:
rip off\n  If someone rips you off, they cheat you by charging you too much money for something or by selling you something that is broken or damaged. (INFORMAL)\nThe Consumer Federation claims banks are ripping you off by not passing along savings on interest rates...\nThe airlines have been accused of ripping off customers.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V n P, V P n (not pron)\n\n  see also rip-off


Words: rip up
Meaning:
rip up\n  If you rip something up, you tear it into small pieces.\nIf we wrote I think he would rip up the letter...\nShe took every photograph of me that was in our house and ripped it up.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P\n  = tear up


Words: rip-off
Meaning:
rip-off  rip-offs\n1. If you say that something that you bought was a rip-off, you mean that you were charged too much money or that it was of very poor quality. (INFORMAL)\nIf he thinks .5.40 a day for parking at Luton Airport is a rip-off, he should try Heathrow.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you say that something is a rip-off of something else, you mean that it is a copy of that thing and has no original features of its own. (INFORMAL)\nIn a rip-off of the hit movie Green Card, Billy marries one of his students so he can stay in the country.\n  N-COUNT: oft N of n


Words: rip-roaring
Meaning:
rip-roaring\n  If you describe something as rip-roaring, you mean that it is very exciting and full of energy. (INFORMAL)\n...a rip-roaring movie with a great array of special effects.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: ripcord
Meaning:
rip.cord\n   ripcord  ripcords   also rip cord\n  A ripcord is the cord that you pull to open a parachute.\n  N-COUNT


Words: ripe
Meaning:
ripe  riper  ripest\n1. Ripe fruit or grain is fully grown and ready to eat.\nAlways choose firm, but ripe fruit.\n...fields of ripe wheat.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  ripe.ness\nTest the figs for ripeness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If a situation is ripe for a particular development or event, you mean that development or event is likely to happen soon.\nConditions were ripe for an outbreak of cholera...\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ for n/-ing\n\n3. If someone lives to a ripe old age, they live until they are very old.\nHe lived to the ripe old age of 95.\n  PHRASE: prep PHR


Words: ripen
Meaning:
rip.en\n   ripen  ripens  ripening  ripened\n  When crops ripen or when the sun ripens them, they become ripe.\nI’m waiting for the apples to ripen...\nYou can ripen the tomatoes on a sunny windowsill.\n  VERB: V, V n


Words: riposte
Meaning:
ri.poste\n   riposte  ripostes  riposting  riposted\n1. A riposte is a quick, clever reply to something that someone has said. (WRITTEN)\nLaura glanced at Grace, expecting a cheeky riposte.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you riposte, you make a quick, clever response to something someone has said. (WRITTEN)\n`It’s tough at the top,’ he said. `It’s tougher at the bottom,’ riposted the billionaire.\n  VERB: V with quote\n\n3. You can refer to an action as a riposte to something when it is a response to that thing. (JOURNALISM)\nThe operation is being seen as a swift riposte to the killing of a senior army commander.\n  N-COUNT: oft N to n


Words: ripple
Meaning:
rip.ple\n   ripple  ripples  rippling  rippled\n1. Ripples are little waves on the surface of water caused by the wind or by something moving in or on the water.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. When the surface of an area of water ripples or when something ripples it, a number of little waves appear on it.\nYou throw a pebble in a pool and it ripples...\nI could see the dawn breeze rippling the shining water.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n3. If something such as a feeling ripples over someone’s body, it moves across it or through it. (LITERARY)\nA chill shiver rippled over his skin.\n  VERB: V prep\n\n4. If an event causes ripples, its effects gradually spread, causing several other events to happen one after the other.\nThe ripples of Europe’s currency crisis continue to be felt in most of the member states...\n  N-COUNT: usu pl, with supp


Words: ripple effect
Meaning:
rip.ple ef.fect\n   ripple effect  ripple effects\n  If an event or action has a ripple effect, it causes several other events to happen one after the other.\nDelayed flights have a ripple effect. Just one late flight could be carrying passengers for a dozen connecting services.\n  N-COUNT\n  = knock-on effect


Words: riptide
Meaning:
rip.tide\n   riptide  riptides   also rip-tide\n  A riptide is an area of sea where two different currents meet or where the water is extremely deep. Riptides make the water very rough and dangerous.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rise
Meaning:
rise  rises  rising  rose  risen\n1. If something rises, it moves upwards.\nHe watched the smoke rise from his cigarette...\nThe powdery dust rose in a cloud around him.\n  VERB: V from/to n, V\n\n  Rise up means the same as rise.\nSpray rose up from the surface of the water...\nBlack dense smoke rose up.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P from/to n, V P\n\n2. When you rise, you stand up. (FORMAL)\nLuther rose slowly from the chair...\nHe looked at Livy and Mark, who had risen to greet him.\n  VERB: V from n, V\n\n  Rise up means the same as rise.\nThe only thing I wanted was to rise up from the table and leave this house.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P from n\n\n3. When you rise, you get out of bed. (FORMAL)\nTony had risen early and gone to the cottage to work.\n  VERB: V\n\n4. When the sun or moon rises, it appears in the sky.\nHe wanted to be over the line of the ridge before the sun had risen.\n  VERB: V\n  !=set\n5. You can say that something rises when it appears as a large tall shape. (LITERARY)\nThe building rose before him, tall and stately...\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n\n  Rise up means the same as rise.\nThe White Mountains rose up before me.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P prep/adv\n\n6. If the level of something such as the water in a river rises, it becomes higher.\nThe waters continue to rise as more than 1,000 people are evacuated.\n  VERB: V\n  !=fall\n7. If land rises, it slopes upwards.\nHe looked up the slope of land that rose from the house...\nThe ground begins to rise some 20 yards away...\n  VERB: V prep/adv, V\n  !=fall\n8. If an amount rises, it increases.\nPre-tax profits rose from .842,000 to .1.82m...\nTourist trips of all kinds in Britain rose by 10.5% between 1977 and 1987...\nExports in June rose 1.5% to a record $30.91 billion...\nThe number of business failures has risen...\nThe increase is needed to meet rising costs.\n  VERB: V from/to amount, V by amount, V amount, V, V-ing\n  !=fall\n9. A rise in the amount of something is an increase in it.\n...the prospect of another rise in interest rates...\n  N-COUNT: N in n\n  = increase\n10. A rise is an increase in your wages or your salary. (BRIT; in AM, use raise)\nHe will get a pay rise of nearly .4,000.\n  N-COUNT\n  = increase\n11. The rise of a movement or activity is an increase in its popularity or influence.\n...the rise of racism in America.\n  N-SING: the N of n\n  = increase\n12. If the wind rises, it becomes stronger.\nThe wind was still rising, approaching a force nine gale.\n  VERB: V\n\n13. If a sound rises or if someone’s voice rises, it becomes louder or higher.\n`Bernard?’ Her voice rose hysterically...\nHis voice rose almost to a scream.\n  VERB: V, V to n\n\n14. When the people in a country rise, they try to defeat the government or army that is controlling them.\nThe National Convention has promised armed support to any people who wish to rise against armed oppression.\n  VERB: V against n\n\n  Rise up means the same as rise.\nHe warned that if the government moved against him the people would rise up...\nA woman called on the population to rise up against the government.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P, V P against n\n\n=>  ris.ing      risings\n...popular risings against tyrannical rulers.\n  N-COUNT\n\n15. If someone rises to a higher position or status, they become more important, successful, or powerful.\nShe is a strong woman who has risen to the top of a deeply sexist organisation...\n  VERB: V prep\n\n  Rise up means the same as rise.\nI started with Hoover 26 years ago in sales and rose up through the ranks.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P prep\n\n16. The rise of someone is the process by which they become more important, successful, or powerful.\nHaig’s rise was fuelled by an all-consuming sense of patriotic duty...\n  N-SING: with poss\n  !=fall\n17. If something gives rise to an event or situation, it causes that event or situation to happen.\nLow levels of choline in the body can give rise to high blood-pressure...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, PHR n\n\n18.\nto rise to the bait: see bait\nto rise to the challenge: see challenge\n(next)


Words: rise above
Meaning:
rise above\n  If you rise above a difficulty or problem, you manage not to let it affect you.\nIt tells the story of an aspiring young man’s attempt to rise above the squalor of the street.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n


Words: riser
Meaning:
ris.er\n   riser  risers\n1. An early riser is someone who likes to get up early in the morning. A late riser is someone who likes to get up late.\nHe was an early riser and he would be at the breakfast table at seven.\n  N-COUNT: supp N\n\n2. A riser is the flat vertical part of a step or a stair. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-COUNT


Words: risible
Meaning:
ris.ible\n   risible\n  If you describe something as risible, you mean that it is ridiculous and does not deserve to be taken seriously. (FORMAL)\n  ADJ  disapproval\n  = ludicrous


Words: rising damp
Meaning:
ris.ing damp\n   rising damp\n  If a building has rising damp, moisture that has entered the bricks has moved upwards from the floor, causing damage to the walls. (BRIT)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rising star
Meaning:
ris.ing star\n   rising star  rising stars\n  A rising star in a particular sport, art, or area of business is someone who is starting to do very well and who people think will soon be very successful. (JOURNALISM)\nAnna is a rising star in the world of modelling.\n  N-COUNT


Words: risk
Meaning:
risk  risks  risking  risked\n1. If there is a risk of something unpleasant, there is a possibility that it will happen.\nThere is a small risk of brain damage from the procedure...\nIn all the confusion, there’s a serious risk that the main issues will be forgotten.\n  N-VAR: oft N of n, N that\n\n2. If something that you do is a risk, it might have unpleasant or undesirable results.\nYou’re taking a big risk showing this to Kravis...\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. If you say that something or someone is a risk, you mean they are likely to cause harm.\nIt’s being overfat that constitutes a health risk...\nThe restaurant has been refurbished.it was found to be a fire risk...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n4. If you are considered a good risk, a bank or shop thinks that it is safe to lend you money or let you have goods without paying for them at the time.\nBefore providing the cash, they will have to decide whether you are a good or bad risk...\n  N-COUNT: supp N\n\n5. If you risk something unpleasant, you do something which might result in that thing happening or affecting you.\nThose who fail to register risk severe penalties...\n  VERB: V n/-ing\n\n6. If you risk doing something, you do it, even though you know that it might have undesirable consequences.\nThe captain was not willing to risk taking his ship through the straits in such bad weather.\n  VERB: V -ing\n\n7. If you risk your life or something else important, you behave in a way that might result in it being lost or harmed.\nShe risked her own life to help a disabled woman...\n  VERB: V n\n\n8. To be at risk means to be in a situation where something unpleasant might happen.\nUp to 25,000 jobs are still at risk...\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR, oft PHR of n\n\n9. If you do something at the risk of something unpleasant happening, you do it even though you know that the unpleasant thing might happen as a result.\nAt the risk of being repetitive, I will say again that statistics are only a guide...\n  PHRASE: PHR n/-ing\n\n10. If you tell someone that they are doing something at their own risk, you are warning them that, if they are harmed, it will be their own responsibility.\nThose who wish to come here will do so at their own risk.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v\n\n11. If you run the risk of doing or experiencing something undesirable, you do something knowing that the undesirable thing might happen as a result.\nThe officers had run the risk of being dismissed...\n  PHRASE: V and N inflect\n\n12.\nto risk your neck: see neck


Words: risk management
Meaning:
risk man.age.ment\n   risk management\n  Risk management is the skill or job of deciding what the risks are in a particular situation and taking action to prevent or reduce them.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: risk-taking
Meaning:
risk-taking\n  Risk-taking means taking actions which might have unpleasant or undesirable results.\n...a more entrepreneurial climate, with positive encouragement of risk-taking and innovation.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: risky
Meaning:
risky  riskier  riskiest\n  If an activity or action is risky, it is dangerous or likely to fail.\nInvesting in airlines is a very risky business...\n  ADJ: oft it v-link ADJ to-inf


Words: risotto
Meaning:
ri.sot.to\n   risotto  risottos\n  Risotto is an Italian dish consisting of rice cooked with ingredients such as tomatoes, meat, or fish.\n  N-VAR


Words: risque
Meaning:
ris.que\n   risque\n  If you describe something as risque, you mean that it is slightly rude because it refers to sex.\nBut the risque headlines don’t necessarily reflect a new sexual libertinism in Britain.\n  ADJ


Words: rissole
Meaning:
ris.sole\n   rissole  rissoles\n  Rissoles are small balls of chopped meat or vegetables which are fried. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: Ritalin
Meaning:
Rita.lin\n\n  Ritalin is a drug that is used especially in the treatment of attention deficit disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (TRADEMARK)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rite
Meaning:
rite  rites\n  A rite is a traditional ceremony that is carried out by a particular group or within a particular society.\nMost traditional societies have transition rites at puberty.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also last rites


Words: ritual
Meaning:
ritu.al\n   ritual  rituals\n1. A ritual is a religious service or other ceremony which involves a series of actions performed in a fixed order.\nThis is the most ancient, and holiest of the Shinto rituals...\n  N-VAR\n\n2. Ritual activities happen as part of a ritual or tradition.\n...fastings and ritual dancing.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n=>  ritu.al.ly\nThe statue was ritually bathed and purified.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n3. A ritual is a way of behaving or a series of actions which people regularly carry out in a particular situation, because it is their custom to do so.\nThe whole Italian culture revolves around the ritual of eating...\n  N-VAR\n\n4. You can describe something as a ritual action when it is done in exactly the same way whenever a particular situation occurs.\nI realized that here the conventions required me to make the ritual noises.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: ritualistic
Meaning:
ritu.al.is.tic\n   ritualistic\n1. Ritualistic actions or behaviour follow a similar pattern every time they are used.\nEach evening she bursts into her apartment with a ritualistic shout of `Honey I’m home!’\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. Ritualistic acts are the fixed patterns of behaviour that form part of a religious service or ceremony.\n...the meditative and ritualistic practices of Buddhism.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: ritualized
Meaning:
ritu.al.ized\n   ritualized\nin BRIT, also use ritualised\n  Ritualized acts are carried out in a fixed, structured way rather than being natural.\n...highly ritualised courtship displays.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=spontaneous


Words: ritzy
Meaning:
ritzy  ritzier  ritziest\n  If you describe something as ritzy, you mean that it is fashionable or expensive. (INFORMAL)\nPalm Springs has ritzy restaurants and glitzy nightlife.\n  ADJ\n  = fancy


Words: rival
Meaning:
ri.val\n   rival  rivals  rivalling  rivalled\nin AM, use rivaling, rivaled\n1. Your rival is a person, business, or organization who you are competing or fighting against in the same area or for the same things.\nThe world champion finished more than two seconds ahead of his nearest rival...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you say that someone or something has no rivals or is without rival, you mean that it is best of its type.\n...a wonderfully fragrant wine which has no rivals in the Rhone...\n  N-COUNT: with brd-neg\n\n3. If you say that one thing rivals another, you mean that they are both of the same standard or quality.\nCassette recorders cannot rival the sound quality of CDs...\n  VERB: V n


Words: rivalry
Meaning:
ri.val.ry\n   rivalry  rivalries\n  Rivalry is competition or fighting between people, businesses, or organizations who are in the same area or want the same things.\n...the rivalry between the Inkatha and the ANC...\n  N-VAR


Words: riven
Meaning:
riv.en\n   riven\n  If a country or organization is riven by conflict, it is damaged or destroyed by violent disagreements.\nThe four provinces are riven by deep family and tribal conflicts...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ by/with n


Words: river
Meaning:
riv.er\n   river  rivers\n  A river is a large amount of fresh water flowing continuously in a long line across the land.\n...a chemical works on the banks of the river.\n...boating on the River Danube.\n  N-COUNT: oft in names before n


Words: river bank
Meaning:
riv.er bank\n   river bank  river banks   also riverbank\n  A river bank is the land along the edge of a river.\n  N-COUNT


Words: river basin
Meaning:
riv.er ba.sin\n   river basin  river basins\n  A river basin is the area of land from which all the water flows into a particular river.\n  N-COUNT


Words: river bed
Meaning:
riv.er bed\n   river bed  river beds   also riverbed\n  A river bed is the ground which a river flows over.\n  N-COUNT


Words: riverboat
Meaning:
river.boat\n   riverboat  riverboats\n  A riverboat is a large boat that carries passengers along a river.\n  N-COUNT: also by N


Words: riverfront
Meaning:
river.front\n   riverfront\n  The riverfront is an area of land next to a river with buildings such as houses, shops, or restaurants on it.\n  N-SING: the N, N n


Words: riverside
Meaning:
river.side\n   riverside\n  The riverside is the area of land by the banks of a river.\nThey walked back along the riverside.\n...a riverside cafe.\n  N-SING: the N, N n


Words: rivet
Meaning:
riv.et\n   rivet  rivets  riveting  riveted\n1. If you are riveted by something, it fascinates you and holds your interest completely.\nAs a child I remember being riveted by my grandfather’s appearance...\nHe was riveted to the John Wayne movie...\nThe scar on her face had immediately riveted their attention.\n  VERB: be V-ed, be V-ed to n, V n\n\n2. A rivet is a short metal pin with a flat head which is used to fasten flat pieces of metal together.\n  N-COUNT


Words: riveting
Meaning:
riv.et.ing\n   riveting\n  If you describe something as riveting, you mean that it is extremely interesting and exciting, and that it holds your attention completely.\nI find snooker riveting though I don’t play myself.\n  ADJ


Words: RM
Meaning:
RM\n  RM is written after someone’s name to show that they are an officer of the Royal Marines, one of the units which make up the United Kingdom’s armed forces.\n...Captain Alastair Rogers, RM.


Words: RN
Meaning:
1. RN is a written abbreviation for Royal Navy, the navy of the United Kingdom. It is written after someone’s name to show that they are an officer of the Royal Navy. (BRIT)\n...RN Museum, Portsmouth.\n...Commander Richard Aylard RN.\n\n2. RN is an abbreviation for registered nurse. (AM)\n...a pediatric nurse, Kathleen McAdam RN.


Words: RNA
Meaning:
RNA\n  RNA is an acid in the chromosomes of the cells of living things which plays an important part in passing information about protein structure between different cells. RNA is an abbreviation for `ribonucleic acid’. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: RNAS
Meaning:
RNAS is a written abbreviation for Royal Naval Air Services, one of the units which make up the United Kingdom’s armed forces.


Words: road
Meaning:
road  roads\n1. A road is a long piece of hard ground which is built between two places so that people can drive or ride easily from one place to the other.\nThere was very little traffic on the roads...\nWe just go straight up the Bristol Road...\nBuses carry 30 per cent of those travelling by road...\n...road accidents...\n  N-COUNT: oft in names, also by N\n\n2. The road to a particular result is the means of achieving it or the process of achieving it.\nWe are bound to see some ups and downs along the road to recovery.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, N to n\n\n3. If you hit the road, you set out on a journey. (INFORMAL)\nI was relieved to get back in the car and hit the road again.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n4. If you are on the road, you are going on a long journey or a series of journeys by road.\nHe hoped to get a new truck and go back on the road.\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR\n\n5. If you say that someone is on the road to something, you mean that they are likely to achieve it.\nThe government took another step on the road to political reform.\n  PHRASE: usu PHR after v, PHR to n\n\n6.\nthe end of the road: see end


Words: road manager
Meaning:
road man.ag.er\n   road manager  road managers\n  The road manager of someone such as a singer or sports player is the person who organizes their travel and other arrangements during a tour.\n  N-COUNT: oft poss N


Words: road map
Meaning:
road map  road maps\n1. A road map is a map which shows the roads in a particular area in detail.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A road map of something is a detailed account of it, often intended to help people use or understand it.\nThe idea was to create a comprehensive road map of the Web.\n  N-COUNT


Words: road pricing
Meaning:
road pric.ing\n   road pricing\n  Road pricing is a system of making drivers pay money for driving on certain roads by electronically recording the movement of vehicles on those roads. (BRIT)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: road rage
Meaning:
road rage\n  Road rage is anger or violent behaviour caused by someone else’s bad driving or the stress of being in heavy traffic.\n...a road rage attack on a male motorist...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: road tax
Meaning:
road tax\n  In Britain, road tax is a tax paid every year by the owners of every motor vehicle which is being used on the roads.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: roadblock
Meaning:
road.block\n   roadblock  roadblocks   also road block\n  When the police or the army put a roadblock across a road, they stop all the traffic going through, for example because they are looking for a criminal.\nThe city police set up roadblocks to check passing vehicles.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roadhog
Meaning:
road.hog\n   roadhog  roadhogs   also road hog\n  If you describe someone as a roadhog, you mean that they drive too fast or in a way which is dangerous to other people. (INFORMAL)\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: roadholding
Meaning:
road.holding\n   roadholding\n  A vehicle’s roadholding is how easy it is to control safely in difficult driving conditions or when going round bends.\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp


Words: roadhouse
Meaning:
road.house\n   roadhouse  roadhouses\n  A roadhouse is a bar or restaurant on a road outside a city.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roadie
Meaning:
road.ie\n   roadie  roadies\n  A roadie is a person who transports and sets up equipment for a pop band.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roadshow
Meaning:
road.show\n   roadshow  roadshows   also road show\n1. A roadshow is a travelling show organized by a radio station, magazine, or company.\nThe BBC Radio 2 Roadshow will broadcast live from the exhibition.\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N\n\n2. A roadshow is a show presented by travelling actors. (AM)\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A roadshow is a group of people who travel around a country, for example as part of an advertising or political campaign. (mainly AM)\nThe Democratic Presidential ticket plans another road show, this time through the industrial Midwest.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roadside
Meaning:
road.side\n   roadside  roadsides\n  The roadside is the area at the edge of a road.\nBob was forced to leave the car at the roadside and run for help...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing, the N, N n


Words: roadster
Meaning:
road.ster\n   roadster  roadsters\n  A roadster is a car with no roof and only two seats. (OLD-FASHIONED)\n  N-COUNT\n  = sports car


Words: roadway
Meaning:
road.way\n   roadway  roadways\n  The roadway is the part of a road that is used by traffic.\nMarks in the roadway seem to indicate that he skidded taking a sharp turn.\n  N-COUNT: oft the N in sing\n  = road


Words: roam
Meaning:
roam  roams  roaming  roamed\n  If you roam an area or roam around it, you wander or travel around it without having a particular purpose.\nBarefoot children roamed the streets...\nThey’re roaming around the country shooting at anything that moves...\nFarmers were encouraged to keep their livestock in pens rather than letting them roam freely.\n  VERB: V n, V prep/adv, V


Words: roaming
Meaning:
roam.ing\n   roaming\n  Roaming refers to the service provided by a mobile phone company which makes it possible for you to use your mobile phone when you travel abroad.\nInternational Roaming is your digital mobile phone’s passport to travel but the cost of calls is high.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: roar
Meaning:
roar  roars  roaring  roared\n1. If something, usually a vehicle, roars somewhere, it goes there very fast, making a loud noise. (WRITTEN)\nThe plane roared down the runway for takeoff...\n  VERB: V adv/prep\n\n2. If something roars, it makes a very loud noise. (WRITTEN)\nThe engine roared, and the vehicle leapt forward...\n...the roaring waters of Niagara Falls.\n  VERB: V, V-ing\n\n  Roar is also a noun.\n...the roar of traffic...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing\n\n3. If someone roars with laughter, they laugh in a very noisy way.\nMax threw back his head and roared with laughter.\n  VERB: V with n\n\n  Roar is also a noun.\nThere were roars of laughter as he stood up.\n  N-COUNT: N of n\n\n4. If someone roars, they shout something in a very loud voice. (WRITTEN)\n`I’ll kill you for that,’ he roared...\nDuring the playing of the national anthem the crowd roared and whistled...\nThe audience roared its approval.\n  VERB: V with quote, V, V n\n\n  Roar is also a noun.\nThere was a roar of approval.\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. When a lion roars, it makes the loud sound that lions typically make.\nThe lion roared once, and sprang.\n  VERB: V\n\n  Roar is also a noun.\n...the roar of lions in the distance.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roaring
Meaning:
roar.ing\n   roaring\n1. A roaring fire has large flames and is sending out a lot of heat.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. If something is a roaring success, it is very successful indeed.\nThe government’s first effort to privatize a company has been a roaring success.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n  = resounding\n3.\n  see also roar\n4. If someone does a roaring trade in a type of goods, they sell a lot of them.\nSalesmen of unofficial souvenirs have also been doing a roaring trade.\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: roast
Meaning:
roast  roasts  roasting  roasted\n1. When you roast meat or other food, you cook it by dry heat in an oven or over a fire.\nI personally would rather roast a chicken whole.\n  VERB: V n\n\n2. Roast meat has been cooked by roasting.\n...roast beef.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n3. A roast is a piece of meat that is cooked by roasting.\nCome into the kitchen. I’ve got to put the roast in.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roasting
Meaning:
roast.ing\n   roasting\n  If someone gives you a roasting, they criticize you severely about something in a way that shows that they are very annoyed with you. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nThe team was given a roasting by manager Alex Feguson.\n  N-SING: usu a N


Words: rob
Meaning:
rob  robs  robbing  robbed\n1. If someone is robbed, they have money or property stolen from them.\nMrs Yacoub was robbed of her .3,000 designer watch at her West London home...\nPolice said Stefanovski had robbed a man just hours earlier.\n  VERB: be V-ed of n, V n\n\n2. If someone is robbed of something that they deserve, have, or need, it is taken away from them.\nWhen Miles Davis died, jazz was robbed of its most distinctive voice...\nI can’t forgive Lewis for robbing me of an Olympic gold.\n  VERB: be V-ed of n, V n of n


Words: robber
Meaning:
rob.ber\n   robber  robbers\n  A robber is someone who steals money or property from a bank, a shop, or a vehicle, often by using force or threats.\nArmed robbers broke into a jeweller’s through a hole in the wall.\n  N-COUNT: oft supp N


Words: robber baron
Meaning:
rob.ber bar.on\n   robber baron  robber barons\n  If you refer to someone as a robber baron, you mean that they have made a very large amount of money and have been prepared to act illegally or in an immoral way in order to do so.\n  N-COUNT


Words: robbery
Meaning:
rob.bery\n   robbery  robberies\n  Robbery is the crime of stealing money or property from a bank, shop, or vehicle, often by using force or threats.\nThe gang members committed dozens of armed robberies...\n  N-VAR: oft supp N


Words: robe
Meaning:
robe  robes\n1. A robe is a loose piece of clothing which covers all of your body and reaches the ground. You can describe someone as wearing a robe or as wearing robes. (FORMAL)\nPope John Paul II knelt in his white robes before the simple altar.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A robe is a piece of clothing, usually made of towelling, which people wear in the house, especially when they have just got up or had a bath.\nRyle put on a robe and went down to the kitchen.\n  N-COUNT


Words: robin
Meaning:
rob.in\n   robin  robins\n1. A robin is a small brown bird found in Europe. The male has an orangey-red neck and breast.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A robin is a brown bird found in North America. The male has a reddish-brown breast. North American robins are larger than European ones, and are a completely different species of bird.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3.\n  see also round-robin


Words: robot
Meaning:
ro.bot\n   robot  robots\n  A robot is a machine which is programmed to move and perform certain tasks automatically.\n...very light-weight robots that we could send to the moon for planetary exploration.\n  N-COUNT


Words: robotic
Meaning:
ro.bot.ic\n   robotic\n  Robotic equipment can perform certain tasks automatically.\nAstronaut Pierre Thuot tried to latch the 15-foot robotic arm onto the satellite.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: robotics
Meaning:
ro.bot.ics\n   robotics\n  Robotics is the science of designing and building robots. (TECHNICAL)\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: robust
Meaning:
ro.bust\n   robust\n1. Someone or something that is robust is very strong or healthy.\nMore women than men go to the doctor. Perhaps men are more robust or worry less?...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  ro.bust.ly\nHe became robustly healthy.\n  ADV\n\n=>  ro.bust.ness\n...the robustness of diesel engines.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. Robust views or opinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.\nA British Foreign Office minister has made a robust defence of the agreement...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n=>  ro.bust.ly\nIn the decisions we have to make about Europe, we have to defend our position very robustly indeed.\n  ADV\n\n=>  ro.bust.ness\n...a prominent industrialist renowned for the robustness of his right-wing views.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft the N of n


Words: rock
Meaning:
rock  rocks  rocking  rocked\n1. Rock is the hard substance which the Earth is made of.\nThe hills above the valley are bare rock...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. A rock is a large piece of rock that sticks up out of the ground or the sea, or that has broken away from a mountain or a cliff.\nShe sat cross-legged on the rock.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A rock is a piece of rock that is small enough for you to pick up.\nShe bent down, picked up a rock and threw it into the trees.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. When something rocks or when you rock it, it moves slowly and regularly backwards and forwards or from side to side.\nHis body rocked from side to side with the train...\nShe sat on the porch and rocked the baby.\n  VERB: V prep/adv, V n, also V\n\n5. If an explosion or an earthquake rocks a building or an area, it causes the building or area to shake. You can also say that the building or area rocks. (JOURNALISM)\nThree people were injured yesterday when an explosion rocked one of Britain’s best known film studios...\nAs the buildings rocked under heavy shell-fire, he took refuge in the cellars.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n6. If an event or a piece of news rocks a group or society, it shocks them or makes them feel less secure. (JOURNALISM)\nHis death rocked the fashion business.\n  VERB: V n\n\n7. Rock is loud music with a strong beat that is usually played and sung by a small group of people using instruments such as electric guitars and drums.\n...a rock concert.\n...famous rock stars.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n\n\n8. Rock is a sweet that is made in long, hard sticks and is often sold in towns by the sea in Britain.\n...a stick of rock.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n9. If you have an alcoholic drink such as whisky on the rocks, you have it with ice cubes in it.\n...a Scotch on the rocks.\n  PHRASE: usu n PHR\n  = with ice\n10. If something such as a marriage or a business is on the rocks, it is experiencing very severe difficulties and looks likely to end very soon.\nShe confided to her mother six months ago that her marriage was on the rocks...\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR\n\n11.\nto rock the boat: see boat


Words: rock and roll
Meaning:
rock and roll   also rock’n’roll\n  Rock and roll is a kind of popular music developed in the 1950s which has a strong beat and is played on electrical instruments.\n...Elvis Presley.the King of Rock and Roll.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: rock bottom
Meaning:
rock bot.tom\n   rock bottom   also rock-bottom\n1. If something has reached rock bottom, it is at such a low level that it cannot go any lower.\nMorale in the armed forces was at rock bottom...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. If someone has reached rock bottom, they are in such a bad state or are so completely depressed that their situation could not get any worse.\nShe was at rock bottom. Her long-term love affair was breaking up and so was she.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. A rock-bottom price or level is a very low one, mainly in advertisements.\nWhat they do offer is a good product at a rock-bottom price.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  approval


Words: rock climber
Meaning:
rock climb.er\n   rock climber  rock climbers\n  A rock climber is a person whose hobby or sport is climbing cliffs or large rocks.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rock climbing
Meaning:
rock climb.ing\n   rock climbing   also rock-climbing\n  Rock climbing is the activity of climbing cliffs or large rocks, as a hobby or sport.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rock garden
Meaning:
rock gar.den\n   rock garden  rock gardens\n  A rock garden is a garden which consists of rocks with small plants growing among them.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rock pool
Meaning:
rock pool  rock pools\n  A rock pool is a small pool between rocks on the edge of the sea.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rock steady
Meaning:
rock steady   also rock-steady\n  Something that is rock steady is very firm and does not shake or move about.\nHe reached for a cigarette and lit it, fingers rock steady.\n  ADJ


Words: rock-hard
Meaning:
rock-hard   also rock hard\n  Something that is rock-hard is very hard indeed.\nDuring the dry season the land is rock hard.\n  ADJ


Words: rock-like
Meaning:
rock-like\n  Something that is rock-like is very strong or firm, and is unlikely to change.\n...his rock-like integrity.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rock-solid
Meaning:
rock-solid   also rock solid\n1. Something that is rock-solid is extremely hard.\nFreeze it only until firm but not rock solid.\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you describe someone or something as rock-solid, you approve of them because they are extremely reliable or unlikely to change.\nMayhew is a man of rock-solid integrity...\n  ADJ  approval


Words: rockabilly
Meaning:
rocka.bil.ly\n   rockabilly\n  Rockabilly is a kind of fast rock music which developed in the southern United States in the 1950s.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rocker
Meaning:
rock.er\n   rocker  rockers\n1. A rocker is a chair that is built on two curved pieces of wood so that you can rock yourself backwards and forwards while you are sitting in it. (mainly AM; in BRIT, usually use rocking chair)\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rocker is someone who performs rock music.\n...American rockers Guns ’N’ Roses.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rockery
Meaning:
rock.ery\n   rockery  rockeries\n  A rockery is a raised part of a garden which is built of rocks and soil, with small plants growing between the rocks.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rocket
Meaning:
rock.et\n   rocket  rockets  rocketing  rocketed\n1. A rocket is a space vehicle that is shaped like a long tube.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. A rocket is a missile containing explosive that is powered by gas.\nThere has been a renewed rocket attack on the capital.\n  N-COUNT: oft N n\n\n3. A rocket is a firework that quickly goes high into the air and then explodes.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. If things such as prices or social problems rocket, they increase very quickly and suddenly. (JOURNALISM)\nFresh food is so scarce that prices have rocketed...\nThe nation has experienced four years of rocketing crime.\n  VERB: V, V-ing\n  = soar\n5. If something such as a vehicle rockets somewhere, it moves there very quickly.\nA train rocketed by, shaking the walls of the row houses...\n  VERB: V prep/adv


Words: rocket launcher
Meaning:
rock.et launch.er\n   rocket launcher  rocket launchers\n  A rocket launcher is a device that can be carried by soldiers and used for firing rockets.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rocket science
Meaning:
rock.et sci.ence\n   rocket science\n  If you say that something is not rocket science, you mean that you do not have to be clever in order to do it.\nInterviewing politicians may not be rocket science, but it does matter.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rocket scientist
Meaning:
rock.et sci.en.tist\n   rocket scientist  rocket scientists\n  If you say that it does not take a rocket scientist to do something, you mean that you do not have to be clever to do it.\nIt doesn’t take a rocket scientist to make a rock record.\n  N-COUNT: with brd-neg


Words: rocking chair
Meaning:
rock.ing chair\n   rocking chair  rocking chairs\n  A rocking chair is a chair that is built on two curved pieces of wood so that you can rock yourself backwards and forwards when you are sitting in it.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rocking horse
Meaning:
rock.ing horse\n   rocking horse  rocking horses\n  A rocking-horse is a toy horse which a child can sit on and which can be made to rock backwards and forwards.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rocky
Meaning:
rocky  rockier rockiest\n1. A rocky place is covered with rocks or consists of large areas of rock and has nothing growing on it.\nThe paths are often very rocky so strong boots are advisable.\n...a rocky headland.\n  ADJ\n\n2. A rocky situation or relationship is unstable and full of difficulties.\nThey had gone through some rocky times together when Ann was first married...\n  ADJ


Words: rococo
Meaning:
ro.co.co\n   rococo\n  Rococo is a decorative style that was popular in Europe in the eighteenth century. Rococo buildings, furniture, and works of art often include complicated curly decoration.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: rod
Meaning:
rod  rods\n  A rod is a long, thin metal or wooden bar.\n...a 15-foot thick roof that was reinforced with steel rods.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also fishing rod, lightning rod


Words: rodent
Meaning:
ro.dent\n   rodent  rodents\n  Rodents are small mammals which have sharp front teeth. Rats, mice, and squirrels are rodents.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rodeo
Meaning:
ro.deo\n   rodeo   rodeos\n  In the United States, a rodeo is a public entertainment event in which cowboys show different skills, including riding wild horses and catching cattle with ropes.\n  N-COUNT: usu sing


Words: roe
Meaning:
roe  roes\n  Roe is the eggs or sperm of a fish, which is eaten as food.\n...cod’s roe.\n  N-VAR: oft supp N


Words: roe deer
Meaning:
roe deer  roe deer\n  A roe deer is a small deer which lives in woods in Europe and Asia.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rogue
Meaning:
rogue  rogues\n1. A rogue is a man who behaves in a dishonest or criminal way.\nMr Ward wasn’t a rogue at all.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If a man behaves in a way that you do not approve of but you still like him, you can refer to him as a rogue.\n...Falstaff, the loveable rogue.\n  N-COUNT: oft adj N  feelings\n\n3. A rogue element is someone or something that behaves differently from others of its kind, often causing damage.\nComputer systems throughout the country are being affected by a series of mysterious rogue programs, known as viruses...\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: rogues’ gallery
Meaning:
rogues’ gal.lery\n   rogues’ gallery\n1. A rogues’ gallery is a collection of photographs of criminals that is kept by the police and used when they want to identify someone. (JOURNALISM)\n...a Rogues’ Gallery of juvenile crime gangs.\n  N-SING: oft N of n\n\n2. You can refer to a group of people or things that you consider undesirable as a rogues’ gallery. (JOURNALISM)\nHe and others in the rogues gallery of international terrorists may be running out of time.\n  N-SING: oft N of n  disapproval


Words: roguish
Meaning:
ro.guish\n   roguish\n  If someone has a roguish expression or manner, they look as though they are about to behave badly.\nShe was a mature lady with dyed ginger hair and a roguish grin.\n  ADJ


Words: roil
Meaning:
roil  roils  roiling  roiled\n1. If water roils, it is rough and disturbed. (mainly AM)\nThe water roiled to his left as he climbed carefully at the edge of the waterfall.\n  VERB: V\n  = churn\n2. Something that roils a state or situation makes it disturbed and confused.\nTimes of national turmoil generally roil a country’s financial markets.\n  VERB: V n


Words: role
Meaning:
role  roles\n1. If you have a role in a situation or in society, you have a particular position and function in it.\n...the drug’s role in preventing more serious effects of infection...\nBoth sides have roles to play.\n  N-COUNT: with supp, oft N in/of/as n\n\n2. A role is one of the characters that an actor or singer can play in a film, play, or opera.\nShe has just landed the lead role in The Young Vic’s latest production...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp


Words: role model
Meaning:
role mod.el\n   role model  role models\n  A role model is someone you admire and try to imitate.\nFive out of the ten top role models for British teenagers are black.\n  N-COUNT


Words: role play
Meaning:
role play  role plays  role playing  role played   also role-play\n1. Role play is the act of imitating the character and behaviour of someone who is different from yourself, for example as a training exercise.\nGroup members have to communicate with each other through role-play.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. If people role play, they do a role play.\nRehearse and role-play the interview with a friend beforehand.\n  VERB: V n, also V\n\n=>  role play.ing\nWe did a lot of role playing.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: role reversal
Meaning:
role re.ver.sal\n   role reversal  role reversals\n  Role reversal is a situation in which two people have chosen or been forced to exchange their duties and responsibilities, so that each is now doing what the other used to do.\n...men who have undertaken the most extreme role reversal and become house-husbands.\n  N-VAR


Words: roll
Meaning:
roll  rolls  rolling  rolled\n1. When something rolls or when you roll it, it moves along a surface, turning over many times.\nThe ball rolled into the net...\nI rolled a ball across the carpet...\n  VERB: V prep/adv, V n prep\n\n2. If you roll somewhere, you move on a surface while lying down, turning your body over and over, so that you are sometimes on your back, sometimes on your side, and sometimes on your front.\nWhen I was a little kid I rolled down a hill and broke my leg...\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n\n3. When vehicles roll along, they move along slowly.\nThe lorry quietly rolled forward.\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n\n4. If a machine rolls, it is operating.\nHe slipped and fell on an airplane gangway as the cameras rolled...\n  VERB: V\n\n5. If drops of liquid roll down a surface, they move quickly down it.\nShe looked at Ginny and tears rolled down her cheeks.\n  VERB: V down n\n\n6. If you roll something flexible into a cylinder or a ball, you form it into a cylinder or a ball by wrapping it several times around itself or by shaping it between your hands.\nHe took off his sweater, rolled it into a pillow and lay down on the grass...\nHe rolled and lit another cigarette.\n  VERB: V n into n, V n\n\n  Roll up means the same as roll.\nStein rolled up the paper bag with the money inside.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)\n\n7. A roll of paper, plastic, cloth, or wire is a long piece of it that has been wrapped many times around itself or around a tube.\nThe photographers had already shot a dozen rolls of film.\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n\n\n  see also toilet roll\n8. If you roll up something such as a car window or a blind, you cause it to move upwards by turning a handle. If you roll it down, you cause it to move downwards by turning a handle.\nIn mid-afternoon, shopkeepers began to roll down their shutters...\n  VERB: V n with adv\n\n9. If you roll your eyes or if your eyes roll, they move round and upwards. People sometimes roll their eyes when they are frightened, bored, or annoyed. (WRITTEN)\nPeople may roll their eyes and talk about overprotective, interfering grandmothers...\nHis eyes rolled and he sobbed.\n  VERB: V n, V\n\n10. A roll is a small piece of bread that is round or long and is made to be eaten by one person. Rolls can be eaten plain, with butter, or with a filling.\nHe spread butter on a roll.\n  N-COUNT\n\n11. A roll of drums is a long, low, fairly loud sound made by drums.\nAs the town clock struck two, they heard the roll of drums.\n  N-COUNT\n\n  see also drum roll\n12. A roll is an official list of people’s names.\n...the electoral roll.\n  N-COUNT: with supp\n  = register\n13.\n  see also rolling, rock and roll, sausage roll\n14. If someone is on a roll, they are having great success which seems likely to continue. (INFORMAL)\nI made a name for myself and I was on a roll, I couldn’t see anything going wrong.\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR\n\n15. If you say roll on something, you mean that you would like it to come soon, because you are looking forward to it. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nRoll on the day someone develops an effective vaccine against malaria.\n  PHRASE: PHR n  feelings\n\n16. If something is several things rolled into one, it combines the main features or qualities of those things.\nThis is our kitchen, sitting and dining room all rolled into one.\n  PHRASE: pl-n PHR, v-link PHR\n\n17.\nto start the ball rolling: see ball\nheads will roll: see head


Words: roll back
Meaning:
roll back\n1. To roll back a change or the power of something means to gradually reduce it or end it.\nEnvironmentalists regard these moves as the government taking advantage of the national mood to roll back protective measures...\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), also V n P\n\n  see also rollback\n2. To roll back prices, taxes, or benefits means to reduce them. (mainly AM)\nOne provision of the law was to roll back taxes to the 1975 level.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)


Words: roll call
Meaning:
roll call  roll calls   also roll-call\n1. If you take a roll call, you check which of the members of a group are present by reading their names out.\nWe had to stand in the snow every morning for roll call.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. A roll call of a particular type of people or things is a list of them. (JOURNALISM)\nHer list of pupils read like a roll-call of the great and good.\n  N-SING: N of n


Words: roll in
Meaning:
roll in   or roll into\n1. If something such as money is rolling in, it is appearing or being received in large quantities. (INFORMAL)\nDon’t forget, I have always kept the money rolling in.\n  PHRASAL VERB: usu cont, V P\n\n2. If someone rolls into a place or rolls in, they arrive in a casual way and often late. (mainly BRIT)\n`I’ve made you late.’.`No that’s all right. I can roll in when I feel like it.’...\nThe brothers usually roll into their studio around midday.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P, V P n


Words: roll of honour
Meaning:
roll of hon.our\n   roll of honour\n  A roll of honour is a list of the names of people who are admired or respected for something they have done, such as doing very well in a sport or exam. (BRIT; in AM, use honor roll)\n  N-SING


Words: roll up
Meaning:
roll up\n1. If you roll up your sleeves or trouser legs, you fold the ends back several times, making them shorter.\nThe jacket was too big for him so he rolled up the cuffs...\nWalking in the surf, she had to roll her pants up to her knees.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P\n\n  see also rolled-up\n2. If people roll up somewhere, they arrive there, especially in large numbers, to see something interesting. (INFORMAL)\nRoll up, roll up, come and join The Greatest Show on Earth...\nThe first reporters rolled up to the laboratory within minutes.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P, V P prep/adv\n\n3.\n  see also roll 6, rolled-up


Words: roll-neck
Meaning:
roll-neck roll-necks\n1. A roll-neck sweater or a roll-necked sweater is a sweater with a high neck than can be rolled over. (mainly BRIT)\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. A roll-neck is a roll-neck sweater. (mainly BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: roll-on
Meaning:
roll-on  roll-ons\n  A roll-on is a deodorant or cosmetic that you apply to your body using a container with a ball which turns round in the neck of the container.\nI use unperfumed roll-on deodorant.\n  N-COUNT: oft N n


Words: roll-on roll-off
Meaning:
roll-on roll-off\n  A roll-on roll-off ship is designed so that cars and lorries can drive on at one end before the ship sails, and then drive off at the other end after the journey. (BRIT)\n...roll-on roll-off ferries.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: roll-top desk
Meaning:
roll-top desk  roll-top desks   also rolltop desk\n  A roll-top desk is a desk which has a wooden cover which can be pulled down over the writing surface when the desk is not being used.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roll-up
Meaning:
roll-up  roll-ups\n  A roll-up is a cigarette that someone makes for themselves, using tobacco and cigarette papers.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rollback
Meaning:
roll.back\n   rollback  rollbacks\n  A rollback is a reduction in price or some other change that makes something like it was before. (mainly AM)\nSilber says the tax rollback would decimate basic services for the needy...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp


Words: rolled-up
Meaning:
rolled-up\n1. Rolled-up objects have been folded or wrapped into a cylindrical shape.\n...a rolled-up newspaper.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. Rolled-up sleeves or trouser legs have been made shorter by being folded over at the lower edge.\n...an open-necked shirt, with rolled-up sleeves.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: roller
Meaning:
roll.er\n   roller  rollers\n1. A roller is a cylinder that turns round in a machine or device.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Rollers are hollow tubes that women roll their hair round in order to make it curly.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roller-coaster
Meaning:
roller-coaster  roller-coasters   also rollercoaster\n1. A roller-coaster is a small railway at a fair that goes up and down steep slopes fast and that people ride on for pleasure or excitement.\nIt’s great to go on the roller coaster five times and not be sick.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you say that someone or something is on a roller coaster, you mean that they go through many sudden or extreme changes in a short time. (JOURNALISM)\nI’ve been on an emotional roller-coaster since I’ve been here...\n  N-COUNT: usu sing


Words: roller-skate
Meaning:
roller-skate  roller-skates  roller-skating  roller-skated\n1. Roller-skates are shoes with four small wheels on the bottom.\nA boy of about ten came up on roller-skates.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n2. If you roller-skate, you move over a flat surface wearing roller-skates.\nOn the day of the accident, my son Gary was roller-skating outside our house.\n  VERB: V\n\n=>  roller-skating\nThe craze for roller skating spread throughout the U.S.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Rollerblade
Meaning:
Roll.er.blade\n   Rollerblade  Rollerblades\n  Rollerblades are a type of roller skates with a single line of wheels along the bottom. (TRADEMARK)\n  N-COUNT: usu plural\n\n=>  roll.er.blader      rollerbladers\n...a dedicated rollerblader.\n  N-COUNT\n\n=>  roll.er.blad.ing\nRollerblading is great for all ages.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rollicking
Meaning:
rol.lick.ing\n   rollicking\n1. A rollicking occasion is cheerful and usually noisy. A rollicking book or film is entertaining and enjoyable, and not very serious.\nTony Benn’s diaries are a rollicking read.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n  Rollicking is also an adverb.\nI’m having a rollicking good time.\n  ADV: ADV adj\n\n2. If you give someone a rollicking, you tell them off in a very angry way. (BRIT INFORMAL)\n`The boss gave us a rollicking,’ said McGoldrick.\n  N-SING: usu a N


Words: rolling
Meaning:
roll.ing\n   rolling\n1. Rolling hills are small hills with gentle slopes that extend a long way into the distance.\n...the rolling countryside of south western France.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. If you say that someone is rolling in it or is rolling in money, you mean that they are very rich. (INFORMAL)\n  PHRASE: V inflects  emphasis\n  = loaded


Words: rolling mill
Meaning:
roll.ing mill\n   rolling mill  rolling mills\n  A rolling mill is a machine or factory in which metal is rolled into sheets or bars.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rolling pin
Meaning:
roll.ing pin\n   rolling pin  rolling pins\n  A rolling pin is a cylinder that you roll backwards and forwards over uncooked pastry in order to make the pastry flat.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rolling stock
Meaning:
roll.ing stock\n   rolling stock\n  Rolling stock is all the engines and carriages that are used on a railway.\nMany stations needed repairs or rebuilding and there was a shortage of rolling stock.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rollover
Meaning:
roll.over\n   rollover  rollovers\n1. In a lottery draw, a rollover is a prize that includes the prize money from the previous draw, because nobody won it.\n  N-COUNT: usu singular\n\n2. In finance, a rollover is when a loan or other financial arrangement is extended.\n  N-COUNT: usu singular


Words: roly-poly
Meaning:
roly-poly\n  Roly-poly people are pleasantly fat and round. (INFORMAL)\n...a short, roly-poly man with laughing eyes.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: ROM
Meaning:
ROM\n  ROM is the permanent part of a computer’s memory. The information stored there can be read but not changed. ROM is an abbreviation for `read-only memory’. (COMPUTING)\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n  see also CD-ROM


Words: Roman
Meaning:
Ro.man\n   Roman  Romans\n1. Roman means related to or connected with ancient Rome and its empire.\n...the fall of the Roman Empire.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n  A Roman was a citizen of ancient Rome or its empire.\nWhen they conquered Britain, the Romans brought this custom with them.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Roman means related to or connected with modern Rome.\n...a Roman hotel room.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n  A Roman is someone who lives in or comes from Rome.\n...soccer-mad Romans.\n  N-COUNT


Words: Roman alphabet
Meaning:
Ro.man al.pha.bet\n   Roman alphabet\n  The Roman alphabet is the alphabet that was used by the Romans in ancient times and that is used for writing most western European languages, including English.\n  N-SING: the N


Words: Roman Catholic
Meaning:
Ro.man Catho.lic\n   Roman Catholic  Roman Catholics\n1. The Roman Catholic Church is the same as the Catholic Church.\n...a Roman Catholic priest.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. A Roman Catholic is the same as a Catholic.\nLike her, Maria was a Roman Catholic.\n  N-COUNT


Words: Roman Catholicism
Meaning:
Ro.man Ca.tholi.cism\n   Roman Catholicism\n  Roman Catholicism is the same as Catholicism.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: Roman numeral
Meaning:
Ro.man nu.mer.al\n   Roman numeral  Roman numerals\n  Roman numerals are the letters used by the ancient Romans to represent numbers, for example I, IV, VIII, and XL, which represent 1, 4, 8, and 40. Roman numerals are still sometimes used today.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl


Words: romance
Meaning:
ro.mance\n   romance  romances\n1. A romance is a relationship between two people who are in love with each other but who are not married to each other.\nAfter a whirlwind romance the couple announced their engagement in July.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Romance refers to the actions and feelings of people who are in love, especially behaviour which is very caring or affectionate.\nHe still finds time for romance by cooking candlelit dinners for his girlfriend...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. You can refer to the pleasure and excitement of doing something new or exciting as romance.\nWe want to recreate the romance and excitement that used to be part of rail journeys.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n4. A romance is a novel or film about a love affair.\nHer taste in fiction was for chunky historical romances.\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. Romance is used to refer to novels about love affairs.\nSince taking up writing romance in 1967 she has brought out over fifty books.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n6. Romance languages are languages such as French, Spanish, and Italian, which come from Latin. (TECHNICAL)\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: Romanesque
Meaning:
Ro.man.esque\n   Romanesque\n  Romanesque architecture is in the style that was common in western Europe around the eleventh century. It is characterized by rounded arches and thick pillars.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: Romanian
Meaning:
Ro.ma.nian\n   Romanian  Romanians   also Rumanian\n1. Romanian means belonging or relating to Romania, or to its people, language, or culture.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n\n2. A Romanian is a Romanian citizen, or a person of Romanian origin.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. Romanian is the language spoken in Romania.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: romantic
Meaning:
ro.man.tic\n   romantic  romantics\n1. Someone who is romantic or does romantic things says and does things that make their wife, husband, girlfriend, or boyfriend feel special and loved.\nWhen we’re together, all he talks about is business. I wish he were more romantic...\n  ADJ\n\n2. Romantic means connected with sexual love.\nHe was not interested in a romantic relationship with Ingrid.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n=>  ro.man.ti.cal.ly\nWe are not romantically involved.\n  ADV\n\n3. A romantic play, film, or story describes or represents a love affair.\nIt is a lovely romantic comedy, well worth seeing.\n...romantic novels.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n4. If you say that someone has a romantic view or idea of something, you are critical of them because their view of it is unrealistic and they think that thing is better or more exciting than it really is.\nHe has a romantic view of rural society...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  disapproval\n\n  A romantic is a person who has romantic views.\nYou’re a hopeless romantic.\n  N-COUNT\n  !=realist\n5. Something that is romantic is beautiful in a way that strongly affects your feelings.\nSeacliff House is one of the most romantic ruins in Scotland.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  ro.man.ti.cal.ly\n...the romantically named, but very muddy, Cave of the Wild Horses.\n  ADV\n\n6. Romantic means connected with the artistic movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries which was concerned with the expression of the individual’s feelings and emotions.\n...the poems and prose of the English romantic poets.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: romanticism
Meaning:
ro.man.ti.cism\n   romanticism\n1. Romanticism is attitudes, ideals and feelings which are romantic rather than realistic.\nHer determined romanticism was worrying me...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  !=realism\n2. Romanticism is the artistic movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries which was concerned with the expression of the individual’s feelings and emotions.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: romanticize
Meaning:
ro.man.ti.cize\n   romanticize  romanticizes  romanticizing  romanticized\nin BRIT, also use romanticise\n  If you romanticize someone or something, you think or talk about them in a way which is not at all realistic and which makes them seem better than they really are.\nHe romanticized the past as he became disillusioned with his present.\n  VERB: V n\n\n=>  ro.man.ti.cized\nMr. Lane’s film takes a highly romanticized view of life on the streets.\n  ADJ


Words: Romany
Meaning:
Roma.ny\n   Romany  Romanies\n1. A Romany is a member of a race of people who travel from place to place, usually living in caravans, rather than living in one place.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Romany means related or connected to the Romany people.\n...the Romany community.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: Romeo
Meaning:
Romeo  Romeos\n  You can describe a man as a Romeo if you want to indicate that he is very much in love with a woman, or that he frequently has sexual relationships with different women. (JOURNALISM HUMOROUS, INFORMAL)\n...one of Hollywood’s most notorious Romeos.\n  N-COUNT


Words: romp
Meaning:
romp  romps  romping  romped\n1. Journalists use romp in expressions like romp home, romp in, or romp to victory, to say that a person or horse has won a race or competition very easily.\nMr Foster romped home with 141 votes.\n  VERB: V adv/prep\n\n2. When children or animals romp, they play noisily and happily.\nDogs and little children romped happily in the garden.\n  VERB: V


Words: roof
Meaning:
roof  roofs\nThe plural can be pronounced   or\n1. The roof of a building is the covering on top of it that protects the people and things inside from the weather.\n...a small stone cottage with a red slate roof...\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. The roof of a car or other vehicle is the top part of it, which protects passengers or goods from the weather.\nThe car rolled onto its roof, trapping him.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. The roof of your mouth is the highest part of the inside of your mouth.\nShe clicked her tongue against the roof of her mouth.\n  N-COUNT: the N of n\n\n4. If the level of something such as the price of a product or the rate of inflation goes through the roof, it suddenly increases very rapidly indeed. (INFORMAL)\nPrices for Korean art have gone through the roof.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n5. If you hit the roof or go through the roof, you become very angry indeed, and usually show your anger by shouting at someone. (INFORMAL)\nSergeant Long will hit the roof when I tell him you’ve gone off.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n6. If a group of people inside a building raise the roof, they make a very loud noise, for example by singing or shouting.\nHe raised the roof at the conference when he sang his own version of the socialist anthem, The Red Flag.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n7. If a number of things or people are under one roof or under the same roof, they are in the same building.\nThe firms intend to open either together under one roof or alongside each other in shopping malls...\n  PHRASE: PHR after v, v-link PHR


Words: roof garden
Meaning:
roof gar.den\n   roof garden  roof gardens\n  A roof garden is a garden on the flat roof of a building.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roof rack
Meaning:
roof rack  roof racks   also roof-rack\n  A roof rack is a metal frame that is fixed on top of a car and used for carrying large objects. (BRIT; in AM, use luggage rack)\n  N-COUNT


Words: roofed
Meaning:
roofed\n  A roofed building or area is covered by a roof.\n...a roofed corridor...\n...a peasant hut roofed with branches.\n  ADJ


Words: roofer
Meaning:
roof.er\n   roofer  roofers\n  A roofer is a person whose job is to put roofs on buildings and to repair damaged roofs.\n  N-COUNT


Words: roofing
Meaning:
roof.ing\n   roofing\n1. Roofing is material used for making or covering roofs.\nA gust of wind pried loose a section of sheet-metal roofing...\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n\n\n2. Roofing is the work of putting new roofs on houses.\n...a roofing company.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft N n


Words: roofless
Meaning:
roof.less\n   roofless\n  A roofless building has no roof, usually because the building has been damaged or has not been used for a long time.\n  ADJ


Words: rooftop
Meaning:
roof.top\n   rooftop  rooftops   also roof-top\n1. A rooftop is the outside part of the roof of a building.\nBelow us you could glimpse the rooftops of a few small villages.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you shout something from the rooftops, you say it or announce it in a very public way.\nWhen we have something definite to say, we shall be shouting it from the rooftops.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v


Words: rook
Meaning:
rook  rooks\n1. A rook is a large black bird. Rooks are members of the crow family.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. In chess, a rook is one of the chess pieces which stand in the corners of the board at the beginning of a game. Rooks can move forwards, backwards, or sideways, but not diagonally.\n  N-COUNT\n  = castle


Words: rookie
Meaning:
rookie  rookies\n1. A rookie is someone who has just started doing a job and does not have much experience, especially someone who has just joined the army or police force. (mainly AM INFORMAL)\nI don’t want to have another rookie to train.\n  N-COUNT: oft N n\n\n2. A rookie is a person who has been competing in a professional sport for less than a year. (AM)\n  N-COUNT: oft N n


Words: room
Meaning:
room   rooms   rooming  roomed\n1. A room is one of the separate sections or parts of the inside of a building. Rooms have their own walls, ceilings, floors, and doors, and are usually used for particular activities. You can refer to all the people who are in a room as the room.\nA minute later he excused himself and left the room...\nThe whole room roared with laughter.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you talk about your room, you are referring to the room that you alone use, especially your bedroom at home or your office at work.\nIf you’re running upstairs, go to my room and bring down my sweater, please.\n  N-COUNT: poss N\n\n3. A room is a bedroom in a hotel.\nToni booked a room in an hotel not far from Arzfeld.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. If you room with someone, you share a rented room, apartment, or house with them, for example when you are a student. (AM)\nI had roomed with him in New Haven when we were both at Yale Law School.\n  VERB: V with n, also V together\n\n5. If there is room somewhere, there is enough empty space there for people or things to be fitted in, or for people to move freely or do what they want to.\nThere is usually room to accommodate up to 80 visitors...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n  see also leg room, standing room\n6. If there is room for a particular kind of behaviour or action, people are able to behave in that way or to take that action.\nThe intensity of the work left little room for personal grief or anxiety...\n  N-UNCOUNT: usu N for n\n\n7. If you have room for manoeuvre, you have the opportunity to change your plans if it becomes necessary or desirable.\nWith an election looming, he has little room for manoeuvre.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v, poss PHR, with PHR\n\n8.\nto give something houseroom: see houseroom\n  see also changing room, chat room, common room, consulting room, dining room, drawing room, dressing room, elbow room, emergency room, ladies’ room, leg room, living room, locker room, men’s room, morning room, powder room, reading room, reception room, rest room, spare room, standing room


Words: room service
Meaning:
room ser.vice\n   room service\n  Room service is a service in a hotel by which meals or drinks are provided for guests in their rooms.\nThe hotel did not normally provide room service...\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: roomful
Meaning:
room.ful\n   roomful  roomfuls\n  A roomful of things or people is a room that is full of them. You can also refer to the amount or number of things or people that a room can contain as a roomful.\nIt was like a teacher disciplining a roomful of second-year pupils...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n


Words: rooming house
Meaning:
room.ing house\n   rooming house  rooming houses\n  A rooming house is a building that is divided into small flats or single rooms which people rent to live in. (AM)\n  N-COUNT


Words: roommate
Meaning:
room.mate\n   roommate   roommates     also room-mate\n1. Your roommate is the person you share a rented room, apartment, or house with, for example when you are at university. (AM)\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. Your roommate is the person you share a rented room with, for example when you are at university. (BRIT)\n  N-COUNT


Words: roomy
Meaning:
roomy  roomier  roomiest\n1. If you describe a place as roomy, you mean that you like it because it is large inside and you can move around freely and comfortably.\nThe car is roomy and a good choice for anyone who needs to carry equipment.\n  ADJ  approval\n  = spacious  !=cramped\n2. If you describe a piece of clothing as roomy, you mean that you like it because it is large and fits loosely.\n...roomy jackets.\n  ADJ  approval\n  !=tight


Words: roost
Meaning:
roost  roosts  roosting  roosted\n1. A roost is a place where birds or bats rest or sleep.\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. When birds or bats roost somewhere, they rest or sleep there.\nThe peacocks roost in nearby shrubs.\n  VERB: V prep/adv\n\n3. If bad or wrong things that someone has done in the past have come home to roost, or if their chickens have come home to roost, they are now experiencing the unpleasant effects of these actions.\nAppeasement has come home to roost...\n  PHRASE: come inflects\n\n4. If you say that someone rules the roost in a particular place, you mean that they have control and authority over the people there. (INFORMAL)\nToday the country’s nationalists rule the roost and hand out the jobs.\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: rooster
Meaning:
roost.er\n   rooster  roosters\n  A rooster is an adult male chicken. (AM; in BRIT, use cock)\n  N-COUNT


Words: root
Meaning:
root  roots  rooting  rooted\n1. The roots of a plant are the parts of it that grow under the ground.\n...the twisted roots of an apple tree.\n  N-COUNT: usu pl\n\n2. If you root a plant or cutting or if it roots, roots form on the bottom of its stem and it starts to grow.\nMost plants will root in about six to eight weeks...\nRoot the cuttings in a heated propagator.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n3. Root vegetables or root crops are grown for their roots which are large and can be eaten.\n...root crops such as carrots and potatoes.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n4. The root of a hair or tooth is the part of it that is underneath the skin.\n...decay around the roots of teeth.\n  N-COUNT\n\n5. You can refer to the place or culture that a person or their family comes from as their roots.\nI am proud of my Brazilian roots...\n  N-PLURAL: usu poss N\n\n6. You can refer to the cause of a problem or of an unpleasant situation as the root of it or the roots of it.\nWe got to the root of the problem...\n  N-COUNT: usu the N of n\n\n7. The root of a word is the part that contains its meaning and to which other parts can be added. (TECHNICAL)\nThe word `secretary’ comes from the same Latin root as the word `secret’.\n  N-COUNT\n\n8. If you root through or in something, you search for something by moving other things around.\nShe rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, and headed toward the door...\n  VERB: V prep\n  = rummage\n9.\n  see also rooted, cube root, grass roots, square root\n10. If something has been completely changed or destroyed, you can say that it has been changed or destroyed root and branch. (WRITTEN)\nThe forces of National Socialism were transforming Germany root and branch...\nSome prison practices are in need of root and branch reform.\n  PHRASE: PHR after v, PHR n\n\n11. If someone puts down roots, they make a place their home, for example by taking part in activities there or by making a lot of friends there.\nWhen they got to Montana, they put down roots and built a life.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n  = settle down\n12. If an idea, belief, or custom takes root, it becomes established among a group of people.\nTime would be needed for democracy to take root...\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: root around
Meaning:
root around\n  If you root around or root about in something, you look for something there, moving things around as you search. (in BRIT, also use root about)\n`It’s in here somewhere,’ he said, rooting about in his desk.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P prep, also V P


Words: root beer
Meaning:
root beer  root beers\n  Root beer is a fizzy non-alcoholic drink flavoured with the roots of various plants and herbs. It is popular in the United States.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n  A glass, can, or bottle of root beer can be referred to as a root beer.\nKevin buys a root beer.\n  N-COUNT


Words: root for
Meaning:
root for\n  If you are rooting for someone, you are giving them your support while they are doing something difficult or trying to defeat another person. (INFORMAL)\nGood luck, we’ll be rooting for you...\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n


Words: root ginger
Meaning:
root gin.ger\n   root ginger\n  Root ginger is the stem of the ginger plant. It is often used in Chinese and Indian cooking.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: root out
Meaning:
root out\n1. If you root out a person, you find them and force them from the place they are in, usually in order to punish them.\nThe generals have to root out traitors...\nIt shouldn’t take too long to root him out.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P\n\n2. If you root out a problem or an unpleasant situation, you find out who or what is the cause of it and put an end to it.\nThere would be a major drive to root out corruption...\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)


Words: rooted
Meaning:
root.ed\n   rooted\n1. If you say that one thing is rooted in another, you mean that it is strongly influenced by it or has developed from it.\nThe crisis is rooted in deep rivalries between the two groups.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ in n\n\n2. If someone has deeply rooted opinions or feelings, they believe or feel something extremely strongly and are unlikely to change.\nRacism is a deeply rooted prejudice which has existed for thousands of years.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n, usu adv ADJ\n\n  see also deep-rooted\n3. If you are rooted to the spot, you are unable to move because you are very frightened or shocked.\nWe just stopped there, rooted to the spot.\n  PHRASE


Words: rootless
Meaning:
root.less\n   rootless\n  If someone has no permanent home or job and is not settled in any community, you can describe them as rootless.\nThese rootless young people have nowhere else to go.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: rope
Meaning:
rope  ropes  roping  roped\n1. A rope is a thick cord or wire that is made by twisting together several thinner cords or wires. Ropes are used for jobs such as pulling cars, tying up boats, or tying things together.\nHe tied the rope around his waist.\n...a piece of rope.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. If you rope one thing to another, you tie the two things together with a rope.\nI roped myself to the chimney.\n  VERB: V n to n\n\n3. If you give someone enough rope to hang themselves, you give them the freedom to do a job in their own way because you hope that their attempts will fail and that they will look foolish.\nThe King has merely given the politicians enough rope to hang themselves...\n  PHRASE: give inflects\n\n4. If you are learning the ropes, you are learning how a particular task or job is done. (INFORMAL)\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n5. If you know the ropes, you know how a particular job or task should be done. (INFORMAL)\nThe moment she got to know the ropes, there was no stopping her.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n6. If you describe a payment as money for old rope, you are emphasizing that it is earned very easily, for very little effort. (BRIT INFORMAL)\n  PHRASE: usu v-link PHR  emphasis\n\n7. If you show someone the ropes, you show them how to do a particular job or task. (INFORMAL)\n  PHRASE: V inflects


Words: rope in
Meaning:
rope in\n  If you say that you were roped in to do a particular task, you mean that someone persuaded you to help them do that task. (mainly BRIT INFORMAL)\nVisitors were roped in for potato picking and harvesting...\nI got roped in to help with the timekeeping.\n  PHRASAL VERB: usu passive, be V-ed P for n, be V-ed P to-inf, also be V-ed P


Words: rope ladder
Meaning:
rope lad.der\n   rope ladder  rope ladders   also rope-ladder\n  A rope ladder is a ladder made of two long ropes connected by short pieces of rope, wood, or metal.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rope off
Meaning:
rope off\n  If you rope off an area, you tie ropes between posts all around its edges so that people cannot enter it without permission.\nYou should rope off a big field and sell tickets.\n  PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)


Words: ropey
Meaning:
ropey  ropier  ropiest\n  If you say that something is ropey, you mean that its quality is poor or unsatisfactory. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nYour spelling’s a bit ropey...\n  ADJ


Words: rosary
Meaning:
ro.sary\n   rosary  rosaries\n  A rosary is a string of beads that members of certain religions, especially Catholics, use for counting prayers. A series of prayers counted in this way is also called a rosary.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rose
Meaning:
rose  roses\n1. Rose is the past tense of rise.\n\n2. A rose is a flower, often with a pleasant smell, which grows on a bush with stems that have sharp points called thorns on them.\n...a bunch of yellow roses.\n  N-COUNT\n\n3. A rose is bush that roses grow on.\nPrune rambling roses when the flowers have faded.\n  N-COUNT\n\n4. Something that is rose is reddish-pink in colour. (LITERARY)\n...the rose and violet hues of a twilight sky.\n  COLOUR\n\n5. If you say that a situation is not a bed of roses, you mean that it is not as pleasant as it seems, and that there are some unpleasant aspects to it.\nWe all knew that life was unlikely to be a bed of roses back in England.\n  PHRASE: v-link PHR, usu with brd-neg\n\nrose  roses\n  Rose is wine which is pink in colour.\nThe vast majority of wines produced in this area are reds or roses.\n  N-MASS


Words: rose window
Meaning:
rose win.dow\n   rose window  rose windows\n  A rose window is a large round stained glass window in a church.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rose-coloured
Meaning:
rose-coloured\nin AM, use rose-colored\n  If you look at a person or situation through rose-coloured glasses or rose-tinted glasses, you see only their good points and therefore your view of them is unrealistic. In British English, you can also say that someone is looking through rose-coloured spectacles.\nIts influence can make you view life through rose-coloured glasses...\n  PHRASE: usu PHR after v


Words: rosebud
Meaning:
rose.bud\n   rosebud  rosebuds\n  A rosebud is a young rose whose petals have not yet opened out fully.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rosehip
Meaning:
rose.hip\n   rosehip  rosehips\n  A rosehip is a bright red or orange fruit that grows on some kinds of rose bushes.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rosemary
Meaning:
rose.mary\n   rosemary\n  Rosemary is a herb used in cooking. It comes from an evergreen plant with small narrow leaves. The plant is also called rosemary.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rosette
Meaning:
ro.sette\n   rosette  rosettes\n  A rosette is a large circular decoration made from coloured ribbons which is given as a prize in a competition, or, especially in Britain, is worn to show support for a political party or sports team.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rosewater
Meaning:
rose.water\n   rosewater\n  Rosewater is a liquid which is made from roses and which has a pleasant smell. It is used as a perfume and in cooking.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rosewood
Meaning:
rose.wood\n   rosewood\n  Rosewood is a hard dark-coloured wood that is used for making furniture. Rosewood comes from a species of tropical tree.\n...a heavy rosewood desk.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: roster
Meaning:
ros.ter\n   roster  rosters\n1. A roster is a list which gives details of the order in which different people have to do a particular job.\nThe next day he put himself first on the new roster for domestic chores...\n  N-COUNT\n  = rota\n2. A roster is a list, especially of the people who work for a particular organization or are available to do a particular job. It can also be a list of the sports players who are available for a particular team, especially in American English.\nThe Amateur Softball Association’s roster of umpires has declined to 57,000...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp, oft N of n\n  = register


Words: rostrum
Meaning:
ros.trum\n   rostrum  rostrums  or rostra\n  A rostrum is a raised platform on which someone stands when they are speaking to an audience, receiving a prize, or conducting an orchestra.\nAs he stood on the winner’s rostrum, he sang the words of the national anthem.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rosy
Meaning:
rosy  rosier  rosiest\n1. If you say that someone has a rosy face, you mean that they have pink cheeks and look very healthy.\nBethan’s round, rosy face seemed hardly to have aged at all...\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you say that a situation looks rosy or that the picture looks rosy, you mean that the situation seems likely to be good or successful.\nThe job prospects for those graduating in engineering are far less rosy now than they used to be...\n  ADJ\n  = good


Words: rot
Meaning:
rot  rots  rotting  rotted\n1. When food, wood, or another substance rots, or when something rots it, it becomes softer and is gradually destroyed.\nIf we don’t unload it soon, the grain will start rotting in the silos...\nSugary canned drinks rot your teeth.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n2. If there is rot in something, especially something that is made of wood, parts of it have decayed and fallen apart.\nInvestigations had revealed extensive rot in the beams under the ground floor...\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. You can use the rot to refer to the way something gradually gets worse. For example, if you are talking about the time when the rot set in, you are talking about the time when a situation began to get steadily worse and worse.\nIn many schools, the rot is beginning to set in. Standards are falling all the time...\n  N-SING: the N\n\n4. If you say that someone is being left to rot in a particular place, especially in a prison, you mean that they are being left there and their physical and mental condition is being allowed to get worse and worse.\nMost governments simply leave the long-term jobless to rot on the dole.\n  VERB: V prep\n\n5.\n  see also dry rot


Words: rota
Meaning:
rota  rotas\n  A rota is a list which gives details of the order in which different people have to do a particular job. (mainly BRIT)\nI suggest that you work out a careful rota which will make it clear who tidies the room on which day.\n  N-COUNT\n  = roster


Words: rotary
Meaning:
ro.ta.ry\n   rotary\n1. Rotary means turning or able to turn round a fixed point.\n...turning linear into rotary motion.\n  ADJ: ADJ n\n\n2. Rotary is used in the names of some machines that have parts that turn round a fixed point.\n...a rotary engine.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: rotate
Meaning:
ro.tate\n   rotate  rotates  rotating  rotated\n1. When something rotates or when you rotate it, it turns with a circular movement.\nThe Earth rotates round the sun...\nTake each foot in both your hands and rotate it to loosen and relax the ankle.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n2. If people or things rotate, or if someone rotates them, they take it in turns to do a particular job or serve a particular purpose.\nThe members of the club can rotate and one person can do all the preparation for the evening...\nThey will swap posts in a year’s time, according to new party rules which rotate the leadership.\n  VERB: V, V n\n\n=>  ro.tat.ing\nThe European Union’s rotating presidency passed from Sweden to Belgium.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


Words: rotation
Meaning:
ro.ta.tion\n   rotation  rotations\n1. Rotation is circular movement. A rotation is the movement of something through one complete circle.\n...the daily rotation of the earth upon its axis.\n  N-VAR\n\n2. The rotation of a group of things or people is the fact of them taking turns to do a particular job or serve a particular purpose. If people do something in rotation, they take turns to do it.\nOnce a month we met for the whole day, and in rotation each one led the group.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft in N


Words: rote
Meaning:
rote\n  Rote learning or learning by rote is learning things by repeating them without thinking about them or trying to understand them.\nHe is very sceptical about the value of rote learning...\n  N-UNCOUNT: N n, by N


Words: rotor
Meaning:
ro.tor\n   rotor  rotors\n  The rotors or rotor blades of a helicopter are the four long, flat, thin pieces of metal on top of it which go round and lift it off the ground.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rotten
Meaning:
rot.ten\n   rotten\n1. If food, wood, or another substance is rotten, it has decayed and can no longer be used.\nThe smell outside this building is overwhelming.like rotten eggs...\n  ADJ\n\n2. If you describe something as rotten, you think it is very unpleasant or of very poor quality. (INFORMAL)\nI personally think it’s a rotten idea...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  !=great\n3. If you describe someone as rotten, you are insulting them or criticizing them because you think that they are very unpleasant or unkind. (INFORMAL)\nYou rotten swine! How dare you?...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n  disapproval\n  !=nice\n4. If you feel rotten, you feel bad, either because you are ill or because you are sorry about something. (INFORMAL)\nI had glandular fever and spent that year feeling rotten...\n  ADJ: usu v-link ADJ\n  = awful


Words: rotten apple
Meaning:
rot.ten ap.ple\n   rotten apple  rotten apples\n  You can use rotten apple to talk about a person who is dishonest and therefore causes a lot of problems for the group or organization they belong to.\nPolice corruption is not just a few rotten apples.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rotter
Meaning:
rot.ter\n   rotter  rotters\n  If you call someone a rotter, you are criticizing them because you think that they have behaved in a very unkind or mean way. (BRIT INFORMAL, OLD-FASHIONED)\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: Rottweiler
Meaning:
Rott.wei.ler\n   Rottweiler  Rottweilers\nin BRIT, also use rottweiler\n  A Rottweiler is a large black and brown breed of dog which is often used as a guard dog.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rotund
Meaning:
ro.tund\n   rotund\n  If someone is rotund, they are round and fat. (FORMAL)\nA rotund, smiling, red-faced gentleman appeared.\n  ADJ


Words: rotunda
Meaning:
ro.tun.da\n   rotunda  rotundas\n  A rotunda is a round building or room, especially one with a round bowl-shaped roof.\n  N-COUNT


Words: rouble
Meaning:
rou.ble\n   rouble  roubles\n  The rouble is the unit of money of Russia and some of the other republics that form the Commonwealth of Independent States.\n  N-COUNT: usu num N


Words: rouge
Meaning:
rouge  rouges  rouging  rouged\n1. Rouge is a red powder or cream which women and actors can put on their cheeks in order to give them more colour. (OLD-FASHIONED)\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = blusher\n2. If a woman or an actor rouges their cheeks or lips, they put red powder or cream on them to give them more colour.\nFlorentine women rouged their earlobes...\nShe had curly black hair and rouged cheeks.\n  VERB: V n, V-ed


Words: rough
Meaning:
rough  rougher  roughest  roughs  roughing  roughed\n1. If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth.\nHis hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice...\n  ADJ\n  !=smooth\n=>  rough.ness\nShe rested her cheek against the roughness of his jacket.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n2. You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness.\nRugby’s a rough game at the best of times...\n  ADJ\n  !=gentle\n=>  rough.ly\nA hand roughly pushed him aside.\n  ADV\n\n=>  rough.ness\nHe regretted his roughness.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n3. A rough area, city, school, or other place is unpleasant and dangerous because there is a lot of violence or crime there.\nIt was quite a rough part of our town.\n  ADJ\n\n4. If you say that someone has had a rough time, you mean that they have had some difficult or unpleasant experiences.\nAll women have a rough time in our society...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = tough\n5. If you feel rough, you feel ill. (BRIT INFORMAL)\nThe virus won’t go away and the lad is still feeling a bit rough.\n  ADJ: v-link ADJ\n\n6. A rough calculation or guess is approximately correct, but not exact.\nWe were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required...\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n\n  = approximate\n=>  rough.ly\nGambling and tourism pay roughly half the entire state budget...\n  ADV: ADV with cl/group\n  = approximately\n7. If you give someone a rough idea, description, or drawing of something, you indicate only the most important features, without much detail.\nI’ve got a rough idea of what he looks like...\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rough.ly\nHe knew roughly what was about to be said...\nRoughly speaking, a scientific humanist is somebody who believes in science and in humanity but not in God.\n  ADV: ADV with cl/group, ADV after v\n\n8. You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made.\n...a rough wooden table.\n  ADJ\n\n=>  rough.ly\nRoughly chop the tomatoes and add them to the casserole.\n  ADV: ADV with v\n\n9. If the sea or the weather at sea is rough, the weather is windy or stormy and there are very big waves.\nA fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.\n  ADJ\n  !=calm\n10. When people sleep or live rough, they sleep out of doors, usually because they have no home. (BRIT)\nIt makes me so sad when I see young people begging or sleeping rough on the streets.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n11. If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have.\nYou won’t be roughing it; each room comes equipped with a telephone and a 3-channel radio.\n  VERB: V it\n\n12.\nrough justice: see justice


Words: rough and ready
Meaning:
rough and ready   also rough-and-ready\n1. A rough and ready solution or method is one that is rather simple and not very exact because it has been thought of or done in a hurry.\nHere is a rough and ready measurement.\n  ADJ\n\n2. A rough and ready person is not very polite or gentle.\n...rough and ready soldiers.\n  ADJ


Words: rough and tumble
Meaning:
rough and tum.ble\n   rough and tumble   also rough-and-tumble\n1. You can use rough and tumble to refer to a situation in which the people involved try hard to get what they want, and do not worry about upsetting or harming others, and you think this is acceptable and normal.\n...the rough-and-tumble of political combat.\n  N-UNCOUNT: oft the N of n\n\n2. Rough and tumble is physical playing that involves noisy and slightly violent behaviour.\nHe enjoys rough and tumble play.\n  N-UNCOUNT


Words: rough-hewn
Meaning:
rough-hewn\n  Rough-hewn wood or stone has been cut into a shape but has not yet been smoothed or finished off.\nIt is a rough-hewn carving of a cat’s head.\n  ADJ: usu ADJ n


Words: roughage
Meaning:
rough.age\n   roughage\n  Roughage consists of the tough parts of vegetables and grains that help you to digest your food and help your bowels to work properly.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n  = fibre


Words: roughen
Meaning:
rough.en\n   roughen  roughens  roughening  roughened\n  If something has been roughened, its surface has become less smooth.\n...complexions that have been roughened by long periods in the hot sun...\n  VERB: usu passive, be V-ed


Words: roughneck
Meaning:
rough.neck\n   roughneck  roughnecks\n1. A roughneck is a man who operates an oil well. (mainly AM INFORMAL)\n  N-COUNT\n\n2. If you describe a man as a roughneck, you disapprove of him because you think he is not gentle or polite, and can be violent. (INFORMAL)\n  N-COUNT  disapproval


Words: roughshod
Meaning:
rough.shod\n   roughshod\n  If you say that someone is riding roughshod over a person or their views, you disapprove of them because they are using their power or authority to do what they want, completely ignoring that person’s wishes.\nThese laws allow the security forces to continue to ride roughshod over the human rights of the people.\n  PHRASE: V inflects  disapproval


Words: roulette
Meaning:
rou.lette\n   roulette\n  Roulette is a gambling game in which a ball is dropped onto a wheel with numbered holes in it while the wheel is spinning round. The players bet on which hole the ball will be in when the wheel stops spinning.\n  N-UNCOUNT\n\n  see also Russian roulette


Words: round
Meaning:
VERB USES\n   round  rounds  rounding  rounded\n1. If you round a place or obstacle, you move in a curve past the edge or corner of it.\nThe house disappeared from sight as we rounded a corner...\n  VERB: V n\n  = go round\n2. If you round an amount up or down, or if you round it off, you change it to the nearest whole number or nearest multiple of 10, 100, 1000 and so on.\nWe needed to do decimals to round up and round down numbers...\nThe fraction was then multiplied by 100 and rounded to the nearest half or whole number...\nI’ll round it off to about .30.\n  VERB: V n with adv, be V-ed to amount, V n adv to amount\n\n3.\n  see also rounded\n\nNOUN USES\n   round  rounds\n1. A round of events is a series of related events, especially one which comes after or before a similar series of events.\nThis is the latest round of job cuts aimed at making the company more competitive...\n  N-COUNT: with supp, oft N of n\n\n2. In sport, a round is a series of games in a competition. The winners of these games go on to play in the next round, and so on, until only one player or team is left.\n...in the third round of the Pilkington Cup...\nAfter round three, two Americans share the lead.\n  N-COUNT: usu adj N, N num\n  = heat\n3. In a boxing or wrestling match, a round is one of the periods during which the boxers or wrestlers fight.\nHe was declared the victor in the 11th round...\n  N-COUNT: usu adj N, N num\n\n4. A round of golf is one game, usually including 18 holes.\n...two rounds of golf...\n  N-COUNT: usu N of n, N of num\n\n5. If you do your rounds or your round, you make a series of visits to different places or people, for example as part of your job. (mainly BRIT; in AM, usually use route)\nThe consultants still did their morning rounds...\n  N-COUNT: usu supp N\n\n6. If you buy a round of drinks, you buy a drink for each member of the group of people that you are with.\nThey sat on the clubhouse terrace, downing a round of drinks...\n  N-COUNT: usu with supp\n\n7. A round of ammunition is the bullet or bullets released when a gun is fired.\n...firing 1650 rounds of ammunition during a period of ten minutes.\n  N-COUNT: usu num N, N of n\n\n8. If there is a round of applause, everyone claps their hands to welcome someone or to show that they have enjoyed something.\nSue got a sympathetic round of applause.\n  N-COUNT: N of n\n\n9. In music, a round is a simple song sung by several people in which each person sings a different part of the song at the same time.\n  N-COUNT\n\n10. If a story, idea, or joke is going the rounds or doing the rounds, a lot of people have heard it and are telling it to other people.\nThis story was going the rounds 20 years ago.\n  PHRASE: V inflects\n\n11. If you make the rounds or do the rounds, you visit a series of different places.\nAfter school, I had picked up Nick and Ted and made the rounds of the dry cleaner and the grocery store...\n  PHRASE: V inflects, usu PHR of n\n\nPREPOSITION AND ADVERB USES\n   round\nRound is an adverb and preposition that has the same meanings as `around’. Round is often used with verbs of movement, such as `walk’ and `drive’, and also in phrasal verbs such as `get round’ and `hand round’. Round is commoner in British English than American English, and it is slightly more informal.\n\nPlease look at category 20 to see if the expression you are looking for is shown under another headword.\n1. To be positioned round a place or object means to surround it or be on all sides of it. To move round a place means to go along its edge, back to the point where you started.\nThey were sitting round the kitchen table...\nAll round us was desert...\n  PREP\n\n  Round is also an adverb.\nVisibility was good all round...\nThe goldfish swam round and round in their tiny bowls.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n2. If you move round a corner or obstacle, you move to the other side of it. If you look round a corner or obstacle, you look to see what is on the other side.\nSuddenly a car came round a corner on the opposite side...\nOne of his men tapped and looked round the door.\n  PREP\n\n3. You use round to say that something happens in or relates to different parts of a place, or is near a place.\nHe happens to own half the land round here...\nI think he has earned the respect of leaders all round the world...\n  PREP\n\n  Round is also an adverb.\nShirley found someone to show them round...\nSo you’re going to have a look round?\n  ADV: ADV after v, n ADV\n\n4. If a wheel or object spins round, it turns on its axis.\nHoles can be worn remarkably quickly by a wheel going round at 60mph...\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n5. If you turn round, you turn so that you are facing or going in the opposite direction.\nShe paused, but did not turn round...\nThe wind veered round to the east...\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n6. If you move things round, you move them so they are in different places.\nI’ve already moved things round a bit to make it easier for him.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n7. If you hand or pass something round, it is passed from person to person in a group.\nJohn handed round the plate of sandwiches.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n  Round is also a preposition.\nThey started handing the microphone out round the girls at the front...\n  PREP\n\n8. If you go round to someone’s house, you visit them.\nI think we should go round and tell Kevin to turn his music down...\nHe came round with a bottle of champagne.\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n  Round is also a preposition in non-standard English.\nI went round my wife’s house.\n  PREP\n\n9. You use round in informal expressions such as sit round or hang round when you are saying that someone is spending time in a place and is not doing anything very important. (BRIT)\nAs we sat round chatting, I began to think I’d made a mistake...\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n  Round is also a preposition.\nShe would spend the day hanging round street corners...\n  PREP\n\n10. If something is built or based round a particular idea, that idea is the basis for it.\nThat was for a design built round an existing American engine...\n  PREP\n\n11. If you get round a problem or difficulty, you find a way of dealing with it.\nDon’t just immediately give up but think about ways round a problem...\n  PREP\n\n12. If you win someone round, or if they come round, they change their mind about something and start agreeing with you.\nHe did his best to talk me round, but I wouldn’t speak to him...\n  ADV: ADV after v\n\n13. You use round in expressions such as this time round or to come round when you are describing something that has happened before or things that happen regularly.\nIn the past, the elections have been marked by hundreds of murders, but this time round the violence has been much more limited...\n  ADV: n ADV, ADV after v\n\n14. You can use round to give the measurement of the outside of something that is shaped like a circle or a cylinder.\nI’m about two inches larger round the waist.\n  PREP\n\n  Round is also an adverb.\n(next)\n\nADJECTIVE USES\n   round  rounder  roundest\n1. Something that is round is shaped like a circle or ball.\nShe had small feet and hands and a flat, round face.\n...the round church known as The New Temple.\n  ADJ\n\n2. A round number is a multiple of 10, 100, 1000, and so on. Round numbers are used instead of precise ones to give the general idea of a quantity or proportion.\nA million pounds seemed a suitably round number.\n  ADJ: ADJ n


